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Single-atom transistor beats Moore's Law by eight years (Wired UK)

2012-02-20T12:35:00.001Z

Single-atom transistor beats Moore's Law by eight years

By Mark Brown

20 February 12

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Photons go for a walk in quantum computing leap

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Moore's law dictates that every two years, the number of components squeezed onto an integrated circuit will double. To fit it all in, transistors will have to shrink to the size of single atoms by the year 2020.

But microengineers at the University of New South Wales think they're well ahead of schedule, after making a working transistor that consists of a single phosphorus atom, placed precisely in a silicon crystal.

Single-atom transistors have been made before, but with a margin of error of around ten nanometres. Researchers also have to search through many devices, or tune multi-atom devices to isolate one that works.

"But this device is perfect", says Professor Michelle Simmons, director of the ARC Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology at UNSW. "This is the first time anyone has shown control of a single atom in a substrate with this level of precise accuracy."

The device consists of an individual atom placed between atomic-scale electrodes and electrostatic control gates. The microscopic device even has tiny visible markers etched onto its surface so engineers can connect metal contacts and apply a voltage.

To make it, the team popped a crystal inside an ultra-high vacuum chamber and then used a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) to manipulate individual atoms. They placed phosphorus atoms on the crystal then covered them with a layer of hydrogen

Select hydrogen atoms were then removed with the metal tip of the microscope, and a controlled chemical reaction incorporated phosphorus atoms into the silicon surface. Finally, the structure was coated in silicon, and metallic connects were attached.

Transistors are semiconductor devices which can amplify and switch electronic signals when current is applied to one pair of the transistor's terminals. They're a fundamental part of almost all electronic devices.

When they're made at this size, not only can you get more processing power from a tiny chip, but they could be used to build a quantum computer: one that uses the various phenomena of quantum mechanics -- superposition and entanglement and so on -- to perform calculations much faster.

via wired.co.uk

Insane Downhill Bike Race In Chile valparaiso polc 2011 - YouTube

2012-02-20T12:21:00.001Z

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Wow!

7 days living with...voice control - Pocket-lint

2012-02-20T11:39:00.001Z

7 days living with...voice control

Talking shop

20 February 2012 11:10 GMT / By Jamie Carter

1
inShare

‘These aren't the droids you're looking for, move along.’ No, not that type of voice control – we’re talking artificially intelligent gadgets rather than Jedi mind tricks here.
The tech developers of the world would have us believe that dictation software is pretty polished. We’re all packing smartphones with Siri, Android voice commands and all sorts of other speak-and-spell apps, and we’re told that the next generation of smart TVs and games consoles will be voice activated and, indeed, some already are.
So, for me, a journalist with a slight fear of creeping tendinitis, I should really give it a try but is it up to scratch enough for me to get through a working week? Here is how it unfolded with my 7 days with voice control.

Day 1

It’s 9am - time to boil some eggs for breakfast. I boil the water, dunk the eggs and pick-up my iPhone 4S.
“Set alarm for four minutes,” I tell Siri.
“Alarm set for 09:02,” it replies.
That's not what I asked. I try again. It persists, this time (am I imagining it?) rubbing it in.
“Alarm set for 09:02 - pretty soon!”
My eggs have now been boiling for about a minute, so I quickly return to old (ish) ways by firing-up the built-in Clock app. Not a good start. ‘Set timer’ is what I should have, said, it turns out. Doh!
Time to do some writing, err, speaking. I've already loaded Dragon Dictation for Mac 2.5 onto my ageing iMac in readiness for this week. It took about 15 minutes in which I had to read a few passages of text on the screen while the software got used to my voice. I don the headset and feel like I'm in a call centre.
After opening a Word document, I start dictating a TV review from some notes made the previous day. The hardest thing to get used to is punctuation COMMA which has to be voiced SEMI-COLON it just doesn't seem natural at all FULL STOP. In my debut opening paragraph there is just one error, ‘remotely’ transcribed as ‘the mostly’. Wow.

With straight text, this stunning success rate doesn't last. For starters I can’t seem to spell-out ‘per cent’; first, second and third always appear as 1st, 2nd, and 3rd; ‘via’ comes out only as ‘wire’ and ‘fire’ unless I pronounce it ‘vee-a’ and brand names aren't always recognised. I attempt to compare a TV with a Samsung model, but ‘some sun’ and ‘Saint-Saëns’ is all that comes out. I utter the ‘scratch that’ instruction for the first time, which instantly wipes what’s just been transcribed. Where's my keyboard?

Later that day, I walk to the swimming pool, and have an idea for a feature. Usually when this happens, I stop walking, and send myself a quick email, but instead I attempt to dictate into the Note-taking app. I press the microphone icon to engage Siri, but wait until some passers-by are behind me until I start speaking. It takes at least 30 seconds before producing anything, and although it gets the words spot-on, it doesn't appear to understand punctuation. I love punctuation, but I hate talking to gadgets in public places. It’s all very weird.

Day 2

Siri’s accuracy yesterday persuades me to give it go for emails, so I check, and start replying to my inbox while I’m still in bed. It goes smoothly. I discover that the punctuation - ‘new line’, ‘comma’ etc - in Mail are the same as I’ve been using for Dragon, and I get through five or six emails before work. It doesn't save me any time though, and I realise I’ve ruined the one sanctuary I had. I decide only to use Siri for dictation in dead time, and later on reply to an email while waiting for the kettle to boil. Much better.
Today I have a lot of research to do, and that means hitting Google. Usually it’s a frantic copy and pasting of product model numbers - the scourge of any tech journalist - but today it’s different since I’ve decided to perform every Google search with my voice. Cripes.
I try ‘Toshiba 40RL868 price’. Amazingly, Google hears me correctly and within one click I’m on a dealer’s website with the latest price showing. Brilliant. My next task is to find out some background about Songdo, a newly built ‘smart city’ in South Korea, for another tech feature I’m working on. Here goes.‘Songdo South Korea’ elicits the rather amusing search terms ‘Syndrome’, ‘Condos’ and ‘Phone died South Korea’ before I give up and have to type-in the name using the virtual keyboard. Some definite limitations here.

Tonight I’m going out with some friends, but need to check on the exact location. Google’s app answers the question ‘where is the Aneurin Bevan Pub Cardiff’ by directing me to… ironmaiden.com, providing search results for ‘when are Bedford Park’ and ‘cameron bergen park’. Google doesn't know where I am, so can't cross reference anything with what's around me, but that's not the main problem here - it has no idea what I'm talking about.
Once at the pub, I use the purest type of voice control to order a round of beers. While standing at the bar an email comes through that only needs a short reply, but I can’t muster the courage to reply by voice. Not in a pub. If they didn't chuck me out, I'd leave in disgust. More limitations, it seems.

Day 3

Up early today and actually rather excited about the speed at which I'm beginning to produce features. Maybe if I can get today's writing done by lunchtime I can have the afternoon off?
After reminding myself to slow down while speaking, for the benefit of both Dragon and the Google app on my iPhone, a feature is finished by 11 o'clock. However, instead of quitting work for the week I decide to investigate Dragon’s other dimension - Commands - which I haven't yet had time to learn.
I notice that one of my reviews has just been published online, and I decide to Tweet it. I link it to my Twitter account @jamieacarter, but unfortunately Dragon’s ‘Post that to Twitter’ command doesn't help; after highlighting some text, this time, saying those words populates a 140-character box with a ‘Tweet’ button. I need to include hyperlinks etc., so it’s not much use for me, though, for anyone wanting to tell the world a random thought, it’s a completely hands-free experience.

Later in the day I finally get round to a task that’s been on my ‘to do’ list for yonks, and utter ‘electrician’ in earshot of my phone. As a result of yesterday’s searches, Google now thinks I’m in Bedford Park, which happens to be near Adelaide in South Australia. I’m given ‘local’ maps and a Wikipedia entry. The ‘use my location’ button within the Google app appears to be dead, so I enter my postcode and get given the names and one-touch phone numbers for 10 electricians in my area. Yes! We got there in the end.
I’m thinking of heading out to the Brecon Beacons tomorrow, but I’ve heard rumours of snow. ‘It’s not looking good in Brecon today through this Tuesday confirms Siri, laying out a six-day forecast that confirms that, yes, it’s snowing. All weekend. Ah well, I guess I’ll watch the Chelsea vs Manchester United instead. That’s on Sky, right Siri? ‘There’s some bad weather coming up for Manchester this Sunday’ it tells me. That’s about as far as we get.

Day 4

With Siri not only playing-up but also completely devoid of location-specific information, I chance upon a review of the Evi app, pay the 69p fee and download it to my iPhone.
I fire it up the and ask ‘her’ a few questions. Presuming she knows where I am, I say:
“Find me a fish restaurant.”
She comes back with an unsatisfying, “Try opentable.com for restaurants.”
I try again, this time more specific. “Find me a fish restaurant in Cardiff,” but all Evi can muster is links for yell.com, yelp and 118.com. I give Evi a virtual thumbs-down, and it replies,”Cringe! I really hate letting you down!” Cringe indeed. I revert to speaking into Google on the iMac using the Dragon headset, and find a load of choices in seconds. Done.
As 5pm approaches, I try to check the football scores but yelling ‘latest football scores’ into Evi produces just a ‘try goal.com for soccer,’ Soccer? Soccer! I hit the link and almost instantly get the scores.

Day 5

Since it's Sunday, I don't sit at my desk and don't interact with gadgets much at all until 3pm, when I switch on my Xbox 360 in anticipation of Chelsea vs Man Utd on Sky Player. Watching Sky is what I mainly use my Xbox for, and since (decent) footie games aren't Kinect-compatible, I’ve never been much interested in buying a Kinect, but I have borrowed one from a friend for the purposes of this experiemnt.
I'm not a big fan of the new GUI on the Xbox, and nor does its dynamic, ever-changing content seem all that well suited to voice control, but the basic voice controls are OK aside from having to say ‘Xbox!’ before most commands (though not all - ‘home’, ‘social’ and ‘music’ works OK alone).

Lovefilm seems to have the most voice-friendly design; ‘Xbox last chance’, ‘Xbox most viewed’, and even ‘Xbox (title of film)’ works fine, as well as ‘Xbox fast forward/rewind/pause’ etc. I start watching Source Code without touching the Xbox controller once. Even better is LastFM. I skip through various tracks and playlists purely by voice instructions while reading a magazine, but the Kinect then seems to go deaf. Too much background music?
‘Xbox Sky’ launches Sky Player for the start of the match, and after the footie is finished, I shout ‘Xbox play disc’ and the in-situ Pro Evolution Soccer 2012 loads-up. I mournfully return to my controller, and I’m reminded that voice control is in its very early days if it can’t even manage the likes of ‘pass’, ‘shoot’ and ‘two-footed tackle with studs showing’.

Day 6

This week is stacked with work, but I’m not sure what to prioritise. ‘What am I doing this week’ causes Siri to produce a complete list of my appointments, though it would help if I started putting everything in my schedule - you only get out of Siri what you put in. So I take five minutes to tell Siri all about the deadlines I have in my diary for the rest of the week, just by saying ‘schedule', ‘deadline’, telling it the time, and then changing the title of each entry to relate to a specific piece of work. It’s a bit stop-start, but far quicker than using Google Calendar on my iMac (which is synced with my phone).
I fire-up Dragon, then the phone rings. I answer it, come up with a brilliant idea for an editor (probably) and return to my work. What's this on the page?
‘Fpblurred and you are in a while a sunglasses and a are you a year is a is a disease there are 'sntary and, at just 1no whizz with it.’
What the ... ?!?! I forgot to turn off the microphone, sure, but I don't remember mentioning sunglasses or diseases. That deleted, I finish two features I’d not expected to, though my proof reading is done in a rather paranoid state. Actual 'writing' is definitely quicker, but editing is taking longer.

Day 7

A pesky cheque has appeared in the post and, although I know perfectly well where my bank is, I decide to voice my plans. Evi didn't impress me on Friday, but Siri is no help on matter of UK geography, so I give it another try - and it's just as well because ‘where is the nearest Lloyds Bank’ prompts not only a link to a Google map but also a spoken address right down to the postcode. Impressive, though there’s no device control here, so I can’t use Evi to send a text or make a phone call.

Just before end of play someone from a PR agency rings up to offer me a loan of a pair of binoculars for a future article on Pocket Lint, and she e-mails me a loan form. In complete silence, I then download the file, print it, sign it, scan it, attach it to an e-mail, and send it back. How awfully manual. If only the printer could understand me.
I still can’t get used to switching off the headset when I’m not dictating, resulting in another abstract gem on the page, this time where a headline ought to be: ‘handy ladybird left the surgery is methodical and tonic productivity you come to see that were widely crap gadgets.’ Lovely stuff.

Conclusion

Did speaking rather than typing save time? No, not really. Although I frequently managed to rattle-off at least six paragraphs without taking a break, the necessity to go back and alter numbers and the occasional punctuation mistake - not to mention the general editing process in terms of content and style - means it takes roughly the same time to produce the same amount of work.
However, speaking did change the tone and style of what I produced. The first rule of journalism is to avoid clichés but, reading back through my spoken reviews, I noticed a few have crept in. They were hardly peppered with ‘at the end of the day’ and ‘like’, but it's definitely closer to my speaking habits than to my writing style.
Siri is a good personal assistant and just about reason enough to upgrade to an iPhone 4S; ditto Evi, which complements Siri fairly well for now, though both ought to drop the character act. Sarcasm from a glorified search engine seems just plain odd and begins to wear thin very quickly.
The Kinect, we liked, but until voice control is integrated into top-line games it's only purpose can be convenience. I’m not convinced it achieves that yet, though flicking through music on LastFM while making dinner is a good start.
For now, it's the highly accurate voice recognition software from Dragon that impressed us most during the 7 days which saw our keyboard gather dust. The rest, so far, is a stop-start novelty.

via pocket-lint.com

Violence against women is on the rise in Argentina

2012-02-19T09:46:00.001Z

http://www.presstv.ir/detail/218430.html#

Violence against women is on the rise in Argentina

Fri Dec 30, 2011 3:11AM GMT

Constanza Heller, Press TV, Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires Social Development Ministry has a free line that, unfortunately, one thousand women dial every month. They are victims of psychological, physical, emotional, sexual or economic violence that the person they love and live with exercises against them and, in many cases, also against their children.

These victims have the possibility to get help at several assistance centers distributed across the city where professionals -doctors, physiologists, and lawyers- take their cases and offer them the chance of a new start.

Head of Ministry, Carolina Stanley, analyzes why violence against women continues to be on the rise not only in Argentina's capital city but all across the country.

Battling against this problem, however, is not an easy task. That is why Ms. Stanley considers developing active social policies and campaigns are vital and allow women to learn that no one has the right to hurt them.

Mexico, Guatemala, Costa Rica and Argentina are among the worst ranked Latin American countries where femicide -defined as the misogynous killing of women by men-, claims the lives of thousands of victims every year.

In 2009, 231 women died as a result of gender violence in this country. Last year, numbers tragically rose to 260 and 161cases have been registered only during the first six months of 2011.

Statistics show violence against women has become an alarming social scourge in Argentina that strikes victims from all kinds of backgrounds. Efforts and campaigns are currently being coordinated by local and national authorities to prevent the abuse of women's rights and promote social awareness.

Browse journalists by beat on Press Pass

2012-02-19T09:14:00.001Z

Featured Beats

Environment 73 Reporters 73 Organizations -->

Opinion & Editorial 518 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

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Religion 33 Reporters 33 Organizations -->

Food and Dining 74 Reporters 74 Organizations -->

Arts & Entertainment 372 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

World 595 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

Weather 19 Reporters 19 Organizations -->

Education 106 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

Politics 808 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

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Travel 58 Reporters 58 Organizations -->

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Science 149 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

Sports 869 Reporters 75 Organizations -->

Media 186 Reporters

via presspass.me

Press Pass – a live directory of journalists organized by beat, outlet, & region

2012-02-19T08:57:00.001Z

What is it?
Press Pass is an open live directory of journalists and media professionals organized by the outlets they work for and the beats and regions they cover.
We track what journalists on Twitter are sharing, and show you what they're reading, how they rank compared to others, the topics they care about, who gets their attention, and so on...

Who is it for?
Every now and then ordinary people need to get the message out to the public. Be it an entrepreneur with a new product, a non-profit that wants to raise awareness for a cause, or a citizen with a great photo of a protest.
Press Pass lets you discover reporters interested in your message so they can help you get the word out.

via presspass.me

Violence against women is on the rise in Argentina

2012-02-19T08:50:00.001Z

Violence against women is on the rise in Argentina

Fri Dec 30, 2011 3:11AM GMT

Constanza Heller, Press TV, Buenos Aires

Head of Ministry, Carolina Stanley, analyzes why violence against women continues to be on the rise not only in Argentina's capital city but all across the country.

In 2009, 231 women died as a result of gender violence in this country. Last year, numbers tragically rose to 260 and 161cases have been registered only during the first six months of 2011.

BBC iPlayer - Battle in Seattle

2012-02-19T08:46:00.001Z

via bbc.co.uk

vanunuvmjc's Channel - YouTube

2012-02-18T18:25:00.001Z

via youtube.com

Stop the closure of MCA Coastguard Stations - e-petitions

2012-02-18T17:19:00.001Z

Stop the closure of MCA Coastguard Stations

Responsible department: Department for Transport

The government has decided that a number of major UK coastguard stations should be closed arguing that fewer stations can cope with the workload. This fails to take account of the vital local knowledge of coastguard station staff who can direct emergency services directly and quickly to incidents where lives are at stake. More remote stations (often hundreds of miles away from the scene of an emergency) do not have this knowledge. In order to prevent unnecessary and avoidable loss of life the government must keep all coastguard stations operational.

via epetitions.direct.gov.uk

CoastguardSOS.com - Save our coastguard

2012-02-18T17:14:00.001Z

Sign the petition to save our coastguards(NEW PETITION PLEASE RESIGN):

Welcome to Coastguard SOS.com

The website dedicated to saving our Coastguard stations

Our aim is to continue to raise greater awareness of Government plans to close 50% of the UK's Coastguard Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centres and to campaign for the retention of all stations.

On this website you will find information about how you can get involved with saving the Coastguard stations and why we need your help to save them.

"The sea finds out everything you did wrong" - Francis Stokes

History.

In December 2010 the UK Government announced modernisation consultation proposals for HM Coastguard. At that time the intention was to reduce the UK's eighteen Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centres to just two centres which would operate 24hrs per day. These centres (MOC's) would be supported by only five sub centres that would only be operational throughout "daylight hours only".(See http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12007031).
UK Coastguard Maritime Rescue Coordination Centres (MRCC's) are responsible for the co-ordination of Search and Rescue (SAR) along the UK coastline, as well as providing shipping information and a number of other essential services along the UK coastline.
Announcing the cuts, Shipping Minister Mike Penning MP said "Our seas are becoming busier, with larger ships and increasing numbers of offshore renewable energy platforms making key areas of our seas more congested. There are also increasing numbers of people using our beaches, coastlines and seas for leisure activities.
The proposals were overwhelmingly rejected by EVERY Coastguard station, campaigners and by the Transport Select Committee who conducted a full investigation and concluded that the modernisation proposals were "seriously flawed".

On 14th July 2011, the then Secretary of State for Transport; Rt.Hon Philip Hammond MP announced that the Government had looked at the responses to the original consultation and had examined the evidence. He then announced new consultation proposals which indicated that eleven named Coastguard stations would to be retained on a 24/7 basis but that eight remaining named stations would close. Those stations are:

Brixham, Portland, Swansea, Liverpool, Thames, Yarmouth, Clyde and Forth.

This campaign group is open to anyone who understands and agrees with our belief that the issue should not be used as a political football. It is supported by concerned members of the public, Coastguard rescue officers (CRO's), serving and former Coastguard officers, Politicians and also by some famous names too.

We are committed to continuing the effort to seek safer modernisation proposals and we will continue to campaign in a reasoned, dignified and balanced way in order to achieve our aim of securing the long term future of every Coastguard MRCC.

LOCAL KNOWLEDGE SAVES LIVES

via coastguardsos.com

Delft University of Technology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2012-02-18T13:58:00.001Z

Delft University of Technology

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Delft University of Technology
Technische Universiteit Delft

Motto	Challenge the Future
Established	January 8, 1842^[1]
Type	Public, Technical
Endowment	€382.7 million^[2]
President	Dirk J. van den Berg^[3]
Rector	Prof. Ir. Karel Ch.A.M. Luyben^[3]
Academic staff	2,683^[4]
Admin. staff	1,905^[4]
Students	16,427^[5]
Undergraduates	10,857^[5]
Postgraduates	5,524^[5]
Doctoral students	1,839^[6]
Location	Delft, South Holland,Netherlands 52°0′6″N 4°22′21″ECoordinates: 52°0′6″N 4°22′21″E
Campus	Urban
Former names	Koninklijke Akademie van Delft, Polytechnische School van Delft, Technische Hoogeschool van Delft
Nobel Laureates	Jacobus van 't Hoff,Simon van der Meer,Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
Colors	Cyan, Black and White^[7]
Affiliations	IDEA, CESAER, EUA,3TU, UNITECH, SEFI,SAE, ATHENS
Website	www.tudelft.nl/en

Delft University of Technology (Dutch: Technische Universiteit Delft), also known as TU Delft, is the largest and oldest Dutch public technical university, located in Delft, Netherlands. With eight faculties and numerous research institutes^[8] it hosts over 16,000 students (undergraduate and postgraduate),^[5] more than 2,600 scientists^[4] (including more than 200 professors),^[4] over 2,000 doctoral students,^[6] and more than 2,000 people in the support and management staff.^[4]

The university was established on January 8, 1842 by King William II of the Netherlands as a Royal Academy, with the main purpose of training civil servants for the colonies of the Dutch East India Company. The school rapidly expanded its research and education curriculum, becoming first a Polytechnic School in 1864, Institute of Technology in 1905, and finally gaining full university rights in 1986.^[9]

Nobel laureates Jacobus van 't Hoff, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, and Simon van der Meer have been associated with TU Delft. TU Delft is a member of several university federations including the IDEA League, CESAER, UNITECH, and 3TU.

[hide]

[edit]History

Main article: History of the Delft University of Technology

[edit]Royal Academy (1842–1864)

King William II of the Netherlands, founder of Royal Academy in Delft.

Delft University of Technology was founded on January 8, 1842 by King William II of the Netherlands as Royal Academy for the education of civilian engineers, for serving both nation and industry, and of apprentices for trade.^[9] One of the purposes of the academy was to educate civil servants for the colonies of the Dutch East India Company. The first director of the academy was Antoine Lipkens, constructor of the first Dutch optical telegraph, called simply as Lipkens. Royal Academy had its first building located at Oude Delft 95 Street in Delft. On May 23, 1863 an Act was passed imposing regulations on technical education in the Netherlands, bringing it under the rules of secondary education.

[edit]Polytechnic School (1864–1905)

On June 20, 1864, Royal Academy in Delft was disbanded by a Royal Decree, giving a way to a Polytechnic School of Delft (Politechnische School van Delft). The newly formed school educated engineers of various fields and architects, so much needed during the rapidindustrialization period in the 19th century.

[edit]Institute of Technology (1905–1986)

Yet another Act, passed on May 22, 1905, changed the name of the school to Technische College (Institute) of Delft (Technische Hogeschool Delft), emphasizing the academic quality of the education. Polytechnic was granted university rights and was allowed to award academic degrees. The number of students reached 450 around that time. The official opening of the new school was attended by Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands on July 10, 1905. First dean of the newly established College was ir. J. Kraus, hydraulic engineer. Corporate rights were granted to the College on June 7, 1956. Most of the university buildings during that time were located within Delft city center, with some of the buildings set on the side of the river Schie, in the Wippolder district.

Student organizations grew together with the university. The first to be established on March 22, 1848 is the Delftsch Studenten Corps housed in the distinctive Sociëteit Phoenix on the Phoenixstraat. This was followed by the de Delftsche Studenten Bond (est. October 30, 1897) and the KSV Sanctus Virgilius (est. March 2, 1898). In 1917 Proof Garden for Technical Plantation (Dutch: Cultuurtuin voor Technische Gewassen) was established by Gerrit van Iterson, which today is known as Botanical Garden of TU Delft. In that period a first female professor, Toos Korvezee, was appointed.

[edit]Delft University of Technology (1986–present)

After the end of the Second World War, TU Delft increased its rapid academic expansion. Studium Generale was established at all universities in the Netherlands, including TU Delft, to promote a free and accessible knowledge related to culture, technology, society and science. Because of the increasing number of students, in 1974 the first Reception Week for First Year Students (Ontvangst Week voor Eerstejaar Studenten, OWEE) was established, which became a TU Delft tradition since then.

On September 1, 1986 Delft Institute of Technology officially changed its name to Delft University of Technology, underlining the quality of the education and research provided by the institution. In the course of further expansion, in 1987 Delft Top Tech^[10] institute was established, which provided a professional master education in management for people working in the technology-related companies. On September 1, 1997 13 faculties of TU Delft were merged into 9, providing better efficiency in management of the increasing in size university. In the early 1990s, because of an overwhelming outnumbering of female students by men, an initiative to increase the number of women studying at the university resulted in founding a separate emancipation commission at TU Delft. As a result Girls Study Technology (Meiden studeren techniek) days were established. In later years the responsibilities of the commission were distributed over multiple institutes.

The university's former main building has hosted the Faculty of Architecture since 2008.

Since 2006 all buildings of the university are placed outside of the historical city center of Delft. Relatively new building of Material Sciences department was sold, later demolished in 2007 to give place for a newly built building of the Haagse Hogeschool. Closer cooperation between TU Delft and Dutch universities of applied sciences resulted in physical transition of some of the institutes from outside to Delft. In September 2009 many institutes of applied sciences from the Hague region as well as Institute of Applied Sciences in Rijswijk, transferred to Delft, close to the location of the university, at the square between Rotterdamseweg street andLeeghwaterstraat street.

On May 13, 2008, a huge fire, presumably from the ruptured water pipe which short circuited a coffee machine in the building, completely destroyed the building of Faculty of Architecture. Luckily, architecture library, containing several thousands of books and maps, as well many architecture models, including chairs by Gerrit Rietveld and Le Corbusier, was completely saved. Currently, Faculty of Architecture has moved to the old Aula of TU Delft.

2007 marks the moment when three Dutch technical universities, TU Delft, TU Eindhoven and University of Twente, established afederation, called 3TU.

[edit]TU Delft logo

Through the course of the years the logo of TU Delft changed, as its official name did. The current logo is based on three official university colors cyan, black and white.^[7] Letter "T" bearers on top a stylized flame, remembering the flame that Prometheus brought from Mount Olympus to the people, against the will of Zeus. Prometheus, is sometimes considered as the first ever engineer, since he brought the knowledge to mortals about fire which they did not possess, and is an important symbol for the university. Its statue stands in the center of the newly renovated TU Delft campus, Mekelpark.

[edit]Campus

Initially, all of the university buildings were located in the historic city centre of Delft. This changed in the second half of the 20th century with relocations to a separate university neighborhood. The last university building in the historic centre of Delft was the university library, which was relocated to a new building in 1997. On the September 12, 2006 the design of the new university neighborhood, Mekelpark, was officially approved,^[11] giving a green light to the transformation of the area around the Mekelweg street (the main road on the university terrain) into a new campus heart. The new park replaced the main access road and redirect car traffic around the campus, making the newly created park a safer place for bicycles and pedestrians.

[edit]Mekelpark

Entrance to the Mekelpark, with the statue of Prometheus, university's symbol.

New university neighborhood called Mekelpark (its name commemorating former TU Delft professor, working at the former mining department during the Second World War, Jan Mekel) was opened on July 5, 2009. Mekelpark replaced old parking structures, bike lanes and gas station, constructed between faculty buildings of the university in the late 1950s. Its 832-meter-long promenade eased the commute between faculty buildings. Both sides of the promenade are covered by stone benches, 1547 meters long in total.^[11]Some of the university buildings around the Mekelpark deserve certain attention.

[edit]Aula

TU Delft Aula.

TU Delft Aula was designed by Van den Broek en Bakema architecture bureau founded by two TU Delft alumni Jo van den Broek and Jaap Bakema. It was officially opened on 6 January 1966 by Dutch Prime Minister Jo Cals. It is a classical example of a structure built in Brutalist style. TU Delft Aula, which symbolically opens the Mekelpark, houses main university restaurant and store, as well as lecture halls, auditoria, congress center, and administrative offices of the university. All doctoral promotion, honoris causa ceremonies, as well as academic senate meetings take place in the Aula.

[edit]Library

The snow-covered grass roof of the TU Delft library.

The TU Delft Library, constructed in 1997, was designed by Delft-based Mecanoo architecture bureau. It is located behind universityaula. The roof of the library is covered with grass, which serves as a natural insulation. The structure lifts from the ground on one side allowing to walk to the top of the building. The library is topped by the steel cone, giving its unique shape. The wall, opposite to the Aula is completely filled with glass. The library has won the Dutch National Steel Price in 1998 in the category buildings of steel and hybrid constructions.

[edit]Cultural and Sports Center

TU Delft Cultural Center (Cultureel Centrum) is located at Mekelweg 10 street, at the edge of the Mekelpark, opposite of the Aula. It was designed by architect Vera Yanovshtchinsky and opened to TU Delft student's and staff in 1995.

[edit]TU Delft Musea

Three musea are associated with the university: Science Centre Delft,^[12] Mineralogy-geology museum and Beijerinck en Kluyverarchive.^[13]

Science Centre Delft was opened in September 2010 and is located at Mijnbouwstraat 120 in Delft. Science Center Delft is a successor of Technical Exhibition Center. ^[14] Technical Exhibition Center was established by a group of TU Delft professors with the aim of presenting the recent advances in technology to a wider audience. Parts of the collection were shown outside of Delft: in the Netherlands and abroad, including Israel and Czech Republic. The collection was permanently hosted in the building of former department of geodesy. The historical collections of Technical Exhibition Center were moved Delft Museum of Technology, located at Ezelsveldlaan street, in the buildings of the former department of naval architecture (Werktuig- en Scheepsbouwkunde), next to the city center of Delft. As Delft city council together with TU Delft decided to move the collection close to the university campus (currently the building of the former museum are transformed into lofts), Science Centre Delft shows visitors current TU Delft research projects are available, includingEco Runner and Nuna.

Beijerinck en Kluyver archive hosts a collection of documents, exhibits and memorabilia of two scientists historically connected with the university.

Mineralogy-geology museum is a part of Civil Engineering and Geosciences and contains around 200,000 geological, mineralogical and crystallographical items divided into numerous sub-collections. The oldest items date back to 1842 when the TU Delft (then Delft Royal Academy) was established.

[edit]Botanical Garden

TU Delft botanical garden dates back to 1917, where Proof Garden for Technical Plantation (Dutch: Cultuurtuin voor Technische Gewassen) was established^[15] by Gerrit van Iterson Jr., TU Delft graduate and assistant to Martinus Beijerinck.^[16] Iterson Jr. was the first director of the garden until 1948. Creation of botanical gardens at TU Delft was partially a result of the increasing needs of systematized development of tropical agriculture in then Dutch colony of Dutch East Indies.^[16] Currently, the garden is located behind historical buildings of the university, at Julianalaan street in Delft, right next to old microbiology laboratory of Beijerinck. Over 7000 different species of plants, including tropical and subtropical plants, herbs, andornamental plants cover the area of almost 2.5 ha.^[15] Furthermore, more than 2000 unique species are preserved in university's greenhouses. All facilities of TU Delft botanical garden are open to the public.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Botanical garden T.U.Delft

[edit]Faculties

TU Delft comprises eight faculties.^[17] These are (official Dutch name and faculty abbreviation are given in brackets): Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering (3mE) (Werktuigbouwkunde, Maritieme Techniek & Technische Materiaalwetenschappen (3mE)), Architecture (A) (Bouwkunde (BK)), Civil Engineering and Geosciences (CEG) (Civiele Techniek en Geowetenschappen (CiTG)), Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science (EEMCS) (Elektrotechniek, Wiskunde en Informatica (EWI)), Industrial Design Engineering (IDE) (Industrieel Ontwerpen (IO)), Aerospace Engineering (AE) (Luchtvaart- en Ruimtevaarttechniek (LR)), Technology, Policy and Management(Techniek, Bestuur en Management (TBM)), and Applied Sciences (AS) (Technische Natuurwetenschappen (TNW)).

TU Delft Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences
TU Delft Faculty of Applied Sciences
TU Delft Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering
TU Delft Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering
TU Delft Faculty of Architecture
TU Delft Faculty of Aerospace Engineering

Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science viewed from the Civil Engineering department.

[edit]Education

Since 2004 TU Delft education system is divided into three tiers: bachelor, master and doctorate. Academic year is divided into two semesters: first semester from September until January and second semester from the end of January until July. Most of the lectures are available throughOpenCourseWare on http://ocw.tudelft.nl.

[edit]Bachelor-level Studies

Main article: List of the Bachelor and Master programmes at Delft University of Technology

As of 2010 TU Delft offers 14 BSc programmes.^[18] TU Delft students obtain their degree after a three-year study. The test project finalizes the BSc studies. All BSc programmes are taught in Dutch, except for Aerospace Engineering programme, which is taught in Dutch and English.^[19]

[edit]Master-level Studies

Main article: List of the Bachelor and Master programmes at Delft University of Technology

As of 2010 TU Delft offers around 40 MSc programmes. The MSc studies take two years to complete. First year is devoted to theoretical studies, assignments and laboratory work. Second year is dedicated to research work, internships and thesis preparation.^[20]

TU Delft adopted European Credit Transfer System, where each year MSc student are required to obtain 60 ECTS points. Study progress of each TU Delft MSc student is monitored through faculty counsellor. An honors track exists for motivated MSc students, who obtained a mark of 7.5 or higher (in Dutch grading scale) and did not fail any courses. This track, associated with 30 ECTS points, is taken alongside regular MSc programme and must be related to student's regular degree courses or the role of technology in society. The honors track must be completed within the allowed time for MSc programme.

MSc programmes are also offered through 3TU federation, Erasmus Mundus programmes, and through IDEA League joint MSc programmes.

[edit]Doctoral-level Studies

Typical photo following a TU Delft doctoral defense. The Promovendus (center) is accompanied by two Paranymphs. MadameBedel is on the left, holding the staff. The red tube holds the doctoral diploma. ThePromovendus, as well as the Paranymphs must wear white ties, while all professors in the defense committee wear togas.

Doctoral studies at TU Delft are divided in two phases. First phase, one-year long, serves as a test during which doctoral candidate must prove that he is capable performing research on a doctoral level. If the candidate passed the evaluation performed by his/her promotor, then during the next three years candidate performs research which must be finalized by submitting a doctoral dissertation. Doctoral thesis is evaluated by doctoral committee composed of TU Delft professors and academics outside of the university (within and outside of the Netherlands). Once the thesis is revised and comments of the committee members are applied, the candidate can approach the formal doctoral defense. In contrast to USA doctoral-level studies, doctoral candidate does not follow any lectures nor pass additional exams, instead he/she focuses solely on research.

[edit]Doctoral Defense

Doctoral defense is of ceremonial nature. It lasts exactly for an hour, during which doctoral candidate must answer all questions from every committee member. Sometimes doctoral candidate is accompanied by one or two Paranymphs, who theoretically might help defend a question asked by a committee member. The defense is ended by Bedel, who enters a senate room, holding a universitystaff and says in Latin It's time (Latin: Hora Est). After that committee moves to a separate room to decide whether to grant a doctorate or not. After that committee moves back to a room where a defense is held, introduced by a Bedel, and if the doctorate is granted promotor presents laudation praising a new doctor. All ceremony is chaired by a rector or its representative. Doctoral defense at TU Delft is public.

[edit]Other degree programmes

TU Delft also offers Professional Doctorate in Engineering.

[edit]Organization

[edit]Research Institutes

Building of Reactor Institute Delft.

TU Delft has three officially recognized research institutes: Research Institute for Housing, Urban and Mobility Studies,^[21] International Research Centre for Telecommunications-transmission and Radar,^[22] and Reactor Institute Delft.^[23] Apart of those three institutes TU Delft hosts numerous smaller research institutes, including Delft Institute of Microelectronics and Submicron Technology,^[24] Kavli Institute of Nanoscience,^[25] Netherlands Institute of Metals Research^[26] (now part of Materials innovation institute^[27]), Delft Centre for Aviation,^[28] Delft Centre for Engineering Design,^[29] Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems,^[30] Delft University Wind Energy Research Institute,^[31] International Research Institute for Simulation, Motion and Navigation Technologies.^[32] Full list of research schools is available on TU Delft website.^[8]

[edit]Research Schools

Vital part of Dutch university system are research schools. They combine cutting-edge education, training and research for PhD candidates and postdoctoral researchers in a given field. The main goal of the research schools is to coordinate nationwide research programs in a given area. Research schools of TU Delft cooperate with other universities in the Netherlands. Research schools are required to have an accreditation of Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. TU Delft is taking the lead in ten research schools, and participates in nine. The full list of research schools affiliated with TU Delft is available on TU Delft website,^[8] see for example TRAIL Research School.

[edit]Media

During an academic year TU Delft publishes a weekly magazine TU Delta,^[33] which aims at student and employee community of the university. The newspaper is predominantly in Dutch, with last few pages published in English. TU Delta is distributed freely in paper form over the campus and is also available for free on the Internet. Articles focus mainly on current university affairs and student life. Weekly agenda including PhD promotions, inaugural lectures, etc. is also published therein.

Also, approximately four times a year TU Delft publishes a magazine devoted only to research conducted by the university, called Delft Outlook.^[34] Delft Outlook is published in English, while the same content is published in Dutch in Delft Integraal magazine. Both magazines present interviews with TU Delft researchers, university officials. Columns of some university professors are published therein, as well as alumni letters and excerpts from recently published PhD theses.

[edit]Management

TU Delft is governed by the executive board (College van Bestuur),^[3] controlled and advised by student council, workers council, board of professors, board of doctorates, assistant staff office, committee for the application of the allocation model, operational committee, advisory council for quality and accreditation, deans of each TU Delft faculty, and directors of TU Delftresearch centers, research schools and research institutes.^[35]

Executive board is chaired academically by the Rector Magnificus. The currently appointed Rector Magnificus, Prof. Dr. Karel Ch.A.M. Luyben^[3] holds his position since 2010. Previous Rectors of TU Delft include Prof. K.F. Wakker (1993–1997 and 1998–2002), Prof. J. Blauwendraad (1997–1998) and Prof. J.T. Fokkema (2002–2010). Executive board is accountable to the Supervisory Board, appointed by the Minister of Education, Culture and Science. One of the many tasks of executive board is the approval of management regulations.

Board of professors advises in the matter of academic quality, deciding on the selection of guest lecturers, research fellows as well as revising proposals submitted for royal honors for professors. Board of doctorates appoints supervisors for PhD students, forms promotion committees, determines promotional code, and confers PhD and doctorate Honoris Causadegrees. Committee for the application of the allocation model reports to the executive board regarding allocation model. Further, it controls output data supplied to the executive board. Operational committee is composed of members of the executive board and the s. The committee collaborates on the issues of general importance, related in part to the specific interests of the faculties, and strengthens the unity of the university overall.

[edit]Student life

Student life at TU Delft is organized around numerous student societies and corporations. They can be generally categorized into professional societies, social societies and sport societies. More than half of TU Delft students belong to a officially recognized society^[1].

Building of the Koornbeurs Societyin the old town of Delft.

There are two student parties at TU Delft: ORAS^[36] (Organisatie Rationele Studenten) and AAG^[37] (Afdelings Actie Groepen). AAG started as an action group of students in the 1960s, willing to have more impact on the quality of education at then Polytechnic Institute Delft. ORAS became active in the earl 1970s as a counter-balance to AAG. Currently those two parties are competing each year for seats in TU Delft's Students Council (Studenten Raad). Further, all student organizations of TU Delft are associated with The Council of Student Societies DelftVeRa (De VerenigingsRaad) and The Society for Study and Student Matters Delft VSSD (Vereniging voor Studie- en Studentenbelangen Delft).

Apart from bachelor and master student organizations, PhD students of TU Delft have their own organization called Promood (PhD Students Discussion Group Delft) (Promovendi Overleg Delft), which represents TU Delft PhD students at then university. It is also a member of Dutch PhD Students Network (Promovendi Netwerk Nederland).

Main article: List of the Professional Student Societies at Delft University of Technology

Each faculty of TU Delft has its own set of professional student organizations. Numerous societies are present at the university,^[38] many of them with rich traditions, customs and history. For example aerospace engineering department hosts Foundation for Students in Airplane Development, Manufacturing and Management (Stichting Studenten Vliegtuigontwikkeling, -bouw en -beheer), while civil engineering departmentSociety for Practical Studies. International professional student organizations are also present at TU Delft, including European Association of Aerospace Students.

Main article: List of the Social Student Societies at Delft University of Technology

Apart from professional student societies, students organize themselves only for the purpose of enriching their social life. Many of the societies have sectarian roots, like a catholic Wolbodo Student Society, Katholieke Studentenvereniging Sanctus Virgilius Delft, Sint Jansbrug, that during the course of the years lost the religious affiliations and accepts students from any denomination. Also organization that has its roots in Rover Scout movement Delftsche Zwervers (at the same time the oldest scouting group in the world) is present or local branch of the European AEGEE.

Main article: List of the Sport Student Societies at Delft University of Technology

Student sports are organized around clubs, that focus mostly on single discipline. Those include rowing club Proteus-Eretes (with many Olympic medals won by the members of the club) or American football club Delft Dragons.

[edit]Research

Nuna 5, from a series of Nuna solar-powered cars that won the World Solar Challenge four times, constructed by the students of TU Delft.

TU Delft researchers developed many new technologies used today, including Glare, a Fibre Metal Laminate used in Airbus A380 skinand Vision in Product Design design method. Cees Dekker's lab at TU Delft demonstrated in 1998 the first transistor made out of single nanotube molecule. Delta Works plan was, in part, a child of TU Delft graduates, including Johan Ringers and Victor de Blocq van Kuffeler. TU Delft was a precursor of Open design concept.

In architecture, TU Delft is famous for Traditionalist School in Dutch architecture. TU Delft was a home to many prominentmicrobiologists including Martinus Beijerinck, who in 1898 discovered viruses while working at TU Delft, and Albert Jan Kluyver, father of comparative microbiology, which resulted in the creation of so-called Delft School of Microbiology.

Some recent projects being developed at the university include Flame, first humanoid robot possessing the ability to walk as humans,Superbus, project aiming to design a high speed busses reaching the speeds of 250 km/h, Nuna, solar-powered race car and four times winner of the World Solar Challenge, DUT Racing, electrical Formula Student project having won multiple competitions, Delfly,Micro air vehicle and the smallest ornithopter so far fitted with a camera, Fhybrid, world's first hydrogen-powered scooter, Tribler, anopen source peer-to-peer client with online TV functionalities, Delfi-C3, CubeSat satellite constructed by TU Delft students,Greenchoice Forze, hydrogen fuel cell-powered racing car, as well as Eco-Runner vehicle participating in Eco-marathon.

[edit]People

[edit]Students

TU Delft is a male-dominated institution. In 2009 among all students of the university (MSc and BSc level) only 20% were women. The biggest imbalance between men and women is experienced by Mechanical engineering and Aerospace Engineering faculty, while the smallest is seen at Industrial Design and Architecture departments.^[39] Despite many efforts of the university to change that imbalance, the number of women studying at TU Delft stays relatively constant over the years.^[39]

TU Delft student body demographics^[6]^[39]^[40]

2009	2008
PhD Students (total)	2,027 ()	1,839
PhD Students (men)	1,474 ()	1,356
PhD Students (women)	547 ()	482
MSc and BSc students (total)	16,427 ()	15,321
MSc and BSc students (foreign)	2,236 ()	2,110
MSc and BSc students (women)	3,351 ()	3079
BSc students (total)	10,857 ()	10,082
MSc students (total)	5,524 ()	5,151
Undivided students (total)	46 ()	88

Since 2002 the number of students admitted to TU Delft increases rapidly (from approximately 2,200 in 2002 to almost 3,700 in 2009).^[40] The same applies to the total student population (from approximately 13,250 in 2002 to almost 16,500 in 2009).^[40]

Number of international students also increases steadily.^[41] Approximately half of the international students are European, among them the biggest group comes from (in decreasing order, number of students admitted in 2009): Belgium (approximately 340 students), Germany (approximately 100 students), Greece (approximately 100 students), and Italy (approximately 100 students). Among non-Europeans, the biggest nationality group comes from China (approximately 340 students; the number of Chinese and Belgian newly admitted students is relatively equal since 2003), then Iran (approximately 150 students), India (approximately 140 students), Suriname (approximately 100 students), Indonesia (approximately 80 students) and Turkey (approximately 80 students),.^[41] Large number of students from Suriname and Indonesia can be admitted to historical ties between those two countries and the Netherlands, as both of them were the former Dutch colonies. Interestingly, due to TU Delft presence, the city of Delft has one of the biggest population of Iranians in the whole Netherlands. It resulted in one of the biggest Iranian opposition centers against Iranian government in Europe,^[42] with many protests organized at TU Delft campus by Iranian TU Delft students during 2009 Iranian Election Protests. The biggest number of international students studies at Aerospace Engineering andElectrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Computer Science departments.

[edit]Faculty

Main article: List of the Delft University of Technology Faculty

Currently TU Delft is a home to 227 faculty,^[4] with more than 2,500 academic staff.^[4] The responsibility of TU Delft professors is lecturing, guiding undergraduate and graduate students, as well as performing original research in their respective fields.

Many notable people were TU Delft faculty. In science, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, a 1913 Nobel Laureate in physics, a discoverer of superconductivity, was a former TU Delft faculty member, working as an assistant to Johannes Bosscha. Discoverer of the Prins reaction Hendrik Jacobus Prins, co-founders of National Research Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science Hendrik Anthony Kramers and David van Dantzig, developer of crystal bar process Jan Hendrik de Boer, discoverer of particle spin Ralph Kronig, discoverer ofEinstein–de Haas effect Wander Johannes de Haas and discoverer of element Hafnium Dirk Coster, all were at some point the faculty members of the university. Faculty members ofDelft School of Microbiology were the founder of modern microbiology Martinus Beijerinck and the father of comparative microbiology Albert Jan Kluyver.

In engineering, the inventor of penthode and gyrator Bernard Tellegen and Balthasar van der Pol developer of Van der Pol oscillator, were TU Delft faculty. Currently Vic Hayes, and the father of Wi-Fi, is affiliated with the Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management. STS-61A of the Space Shuttle Challenger crew member Wubbo Ockels is currently a professor ofFaculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology. TU Delft faculty geologist were Berend George Escher, Johannes Herman Frederik Umbgrove, discoverer of Bushveld complex Gustaaf Adolf Frederik Molengraaff and discoverer of gravity anomalies above the sea level Felix Andries Vening Meinesz.

Since TU Delft is a home to a major architecture school in the Netherlands, many important architects were a faculty of the university, including Hein de Haan, founder of Traditionalist School in Architecture Marinus Jan Granpré Molière, Bent Flyvbjerg, co-founder of Mecanoo architects bureau Francine Houben, co-founder of MVRDV architects bureau Winy Maas andNathalie de Vries, co-founder of Team 10 Jacob B. Bakema and Aldo van Eyck, as well as Herman Hertzberger and Jo Coenen. Some notable designers were faculty of TU Delft, including Paul Mijksenaar, developer of visual information systems for JFK, LaGuardia and Schiphol airports.

Political figures that were faculty of TU Delft include former mayor of Lisbon Carmona Rodrigues and the first Dutch prime minister of the Netherlands after the second world war Wim Schermerhorn.

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes,
discoverer ofsuperconductivity, TU Delft faculty 1878-1882
Martinus Beijerinck,
father of virology, TU Delft faculty 1895-1921
Ralph Kronig,
discoverer of particle spin, TU Delft faculty 1939-1969

[edit]Alumni

Main article: List of the Delft University of Technology Alumni

Two TU Delft alumni were awarded Nobel Prize: Jacobus van 't Hoff awarded first Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1901 for his work with Solution and Simon van der Meer awarded Nobel Prize in physics in 1984 for his work on stochastic cooling.

Some of the mathematicians include Jan Arnoldus Schouten, contributor to the tensor calculus. Chemists and TU Delft alumni include Willem Alberda van Ekenstein, Dutch chemist and discoverer of Lobry-de Bruyn-van Ekenstein transformation. TU Delft alumni and computer scientists include Adriaan van Wijngaarden, developer of Van Wijngaarden grammar and co-designer of ALGOL. Famous TU Delft alumni electrical engineers include Jaap Haartsen, developer of Bluetooth.

Political figures that studied at TU Delft include Karien van Gennip, Dutch secretary of state for economic affairs, Anton Mussert, Dutch politician of the Second World War era and founder of National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands, Abdul Qadeer Khan, father of Pakistan nuclear program, and Dutch politician Wim Dik. Famous TU Delft alumni architects include Erick van Egeraat, Herman Hertzberger and Hein de Haan. Dutch designers that graduated at TU Delft include Alexandre Horowitz, designer of Philishave, and Adrian van Hooydonk, Dutch automobile designer and head of design at BMW.

TU Delft alumni executives include Jeroen van der Veer, former CEO of Royal Dutch Shell, Frits Philips, fourth chairman of the board of directors of Philips and Gerard Philips, co-founder of Philips.

Other interesting TU Delft alumni include Lodewijk van den Berg, Dutch-American payload specialist on STS-51B mission and Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau, member of the Dutch Royal Family. Other interesting figures that studied at TU Delft were mathematician Diederik Korteweg, responsible for Korteweg–de Vries equation, who studied at TU Delft before moving to University of Amsterdam and painter Maurits Cornelis Escher who studied at TU Delft for a year. Thomas Jan Stieltjes, co-developer of Riemann–Stieltjes integral studied at TU Delft but never passed his final exams.

TU Delft alumni who are currently a faculty of other universities include Wilhelmus Luxemburg, Dutch mathematician and California Institute of Technology professor, as well as Walter Lewin, Dutch physicist, Alexander van Oudenaarden, Dutch biophysicist, who both are currently MIT professors.

Jacobus van 't Hoff,
Nobel Prize in chemistry, TU Delft student 1869-1871
Gerard Philips,
cofounder of Philips, TU Delft student 1876-1883
Cornelis Lely,
head designer of Afsluitdijk, TU Delft student 1871-1875
Simon van der Meer,
Nobel Prize in physics, TU Delft student 1945-1952

[edit]Honoris Causa Laureates

Main article: List of the Delft University of Technology Honoris Causa Award Recipients

In 1906 TU Delft obtained the right to award PhD degrees. This also marked the date since when university was able to award honorary doctorates. Between 1906 and 2006 exactly 100honoris causa degrees have been awarded. Honorary doctoral degrees are awarded to people that presented extraordinary contributions in their respective fields. Some of the most recognized recipients of TU Delft honorary doctorate include: Gerard Philips (1917), co-fonder of Philips corporation, Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (1918), winner of the Nobel Prize in Physicsknown for work on electromagnetic radiation, Prince Bernhard (1951), prince of the Netherlands, John Douglas Cockcroft (1959), winner of Nobel Prize in Physics for work on atom splitting, and Santiago Calatrava (1997) architect.

[edit]TU Delft in University Rankings

TU Delft has strong research profile with the main focus on engineering and applied sciences. Therefore university scores highly in any engineering school ranking. Below a table describing a position of TU Delft in various university rankings is presented. The list include THE-QS World University Rankings, QS World University Rankings, Times Higher Education World University Rankings, Academic Ranking of World Universities, Leiden Ranking and Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities and Research Performance Index. Markers indicating a raise or fall in the ranking are shown for ease of comparison. Empty spaces mean that no ranking was performed for a given year.

2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2006	2005	2004	2003
THES-QS Rankings (2003-2009) QS Rankings (2011-)(World)	103^[43]()	108^[44]()	83^[45] ()	78^[46] ()	63^[47] ()	86^[48] ()	53^[49] ()	78^[50]
THES-QS Rankings (2003-2009) QS Rankings (2010-)(Europe)	29^[51] ()	14^[52] ()	24^[53]
THES-QS Rankings (2003-2009) QS Rankings (2010-)(World - Technology)	18^[54] ()	15^[55] ()	17^[56] ( — )	17^[57] ()	13^[58] ()	15^[59] ()	24^[60]
Times Higher Education World University Rankings	151^[61]
Times Higher Education World University Rankings(Technology)	33^[62]
Academic Ranking of World Universities (World)	152-200^[63]( — )	152-200^[64]( — )	152-200^[65]( — )	151-202^[66]( — )	151-200^[67]( — )	203-300^[68]()	202-301^[69]()	201-250^[70]
Academic Ranking of World Universities (Europe)	57-74^[71] ()	59-79^[72] ( — )	57-79^[73] ( — )	57-80^[74] ( — )	57-78^[75] ()	80-123^[76] ()	80-125 ()	77-99
Academic Ranking of World Universities (Engineering - World)	76-100^[77]( — )	78-100^[78]( — )	76-107^[79]( — )	77-106^[80]
Leiden Ranking (Green Indicator - Europe)	20^[81]()	11^[82]
Leiden Ranking (Green Indicator - World)	92 ^[83]()	86^[84]
Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities(Engineering - World)	42^[85] ()	30^[86]
Research Performance Index (World)	205^[87]
Research Performance Index (Engineering - World)	32^[88]

Note, that since 2010 THES-QS University Rankings no longer exists. Since then two separate rankings are produced: QS World University Rankings and Times Higher Education World University Rankings, with QS World University Rankings continuing using the same methodology as THES-QS University Rankings.

[edit]References

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^ "Delft Center for Aviation". TU Delft. Retrieved 13-05-2009.
^ "Delft Centre for Engineering Design". TU Delft. Retrieved 05-02-2009.
^ "Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems". TU Delft. Retrieved 31-08-2009.^{[dead link]}
^ "Delft University Wind Energy Research Institute". TU Delft. Retrieved 19-05-2010.
^ "International Research Institute for Simulation, Motion and Navigation Technologies". TU Delft. Retrieved 05-03-2009.
^ "TU Delta". TU Delft. Retrieved 17-06-2010.
^ "Delft Outlook". TU Delft. Retrieved 17-06-2010.
^ "TU Delft Research Schools". TU Delft. Retrieved 22-10-2009.
^ "ORAS Student Party Website". TU Delft. Retrieved 17-06-2010.
^ "AAG Student Party Website". TU Delft. Retrieved 17-06-2010.
^ "TU Delft professional student organizations". TU Delft. Retrieved 18-05-2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c "TU Delft student man/woman ratio" (in Dutch). TU Delft. Retrieved 09-19-10.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Education statistics (in Dutch)". TU Delft. Retrieved 09-19-10.
^ ^a ^b "TU Delft International students statistics (in Dutch)". TU Delft. Retrieved 09-19-10.
^ Thomas Erdbrink (September 7, 2010). "Dutch town of Delft is center of a new Iranian activism". The Washington Post. Retrieved 09-19-10.
^ "QS World University Rankings 2011/12".
^ "QS World University Rankings 2010". Quacquarelli Symonds. Retrieved 09-18-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2009". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2008". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2007". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2006". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2005". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2004". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2006 (Europe)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2005 (Europe)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2004 (Europe)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "QS World University Rankings Technology 2010". Quacquarelli Symonds. Retrieved 09-18-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2009 (World - Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2008 (World - Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2007 (World - Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2006 (World - Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2005 (World - Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2004 (World - Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2010". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 17 September 2010.
^ "Times Higher Education World University Ranking 2010 (Engineering & Technology)". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 09-23-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2010". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 06-09-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2009". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2008". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2007". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2006". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2005". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2004". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2003". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2010 (Europe)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 06-09-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2009 (Europe)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2008 (Europe)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2007 (Europe)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2006 (Europe)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2005 (Europe)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2010 (World - Engineering)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 06-09-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2009 (World - Engineering)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2008 (World - Engineering)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2007 (World - Engineering)". Shanghai Ranking Consultancy. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Leiden Ranking 2010 Light Green Indicator Europe". Leiden University. Retrieved 09-18-10.
^ "Leiden Ranking 2008 Green Indicator Europe". Leiden University. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "Leiden Ranking 2010 Green Indicator World". Leiden University. Retrieved 09-18-10.
^ "Leiden Ranking 2008 Green Indicator World". Leiden University. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "HEEACT – Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities Engineering 2009". HEACCT. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "HEEACT – Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities Engineering 2008". HEACCT. Retrieved 09-07-10.
^ "High Impact Universities 2010". High Impact Universities. Retrieved 09-19-10.
^ "High Impact Universities Engineering 2010". High Impact Universities. Retrieved 09-19-10.

[edit]External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Technische Universiteit Delft

[show] v d e Universities in the Netherlands

[show] v d e IDEA League

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[show] v d e Networks of European universities

Tribler From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2012-02-18T13:50:00.001Z

Tribler

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article's references may not meet Wikipedia's guidelines for reliable sources. Please help by checking whether the references meet the criteria for reliable sources. (September 2009)

Tribler


Tribler 5.1.2
Developer(s)	The Tribler Team: Delft University of Technologyand Vrije Universiteit
Initial release	?
Stable release	5.5.13 (February 13, 2012; 4 days ago) _[±]
Preview release	5.2.1 (June 15, 2010) _[±]
Written in	Python
Operating system	Cross-platform
Available in	English
Type	BitTorrent client
License	LGPL^[1] (free software)
Website	tribler.org

Tribler is an open source peer-to-peer client with various features for watching videos online. The user interface of Tribler is very basic and focused on ease of use, instead of including features.^[2] Tribler is based on the BitTorrent protocol and uses an overlay network for content searching.^[3] Due to this overlay network Tribler does not require an external website or indexing service to discover content.^[4] Tribler features include: video-only searching, experimental video streaming, and an integrated video player. Tribler is available for Linux, Windows and OS X.^[5]

The name Tribler stems from the word Tribe, referring to the usage of social networks in this P2P client. The first version of Tribler was a small enhancement on the ABC (Yet Another BitTorrent Client)

In 2009 the development team behind Tribler stated that their efforts for the coming years are focused on integration of Tribler in television hardware.^{[citation needed]}

[hide]

[edit]Features

Tribler adds keyword search ability to the BitTorrent file download protocol using a gossip protocol, somewhat similar to the eXeemnetwork which was shut down in 2005. The software includes the ability to recommend content. After a dozen downloads the Tribler software can roughly estimate the download taste of the user and recommends content.^[6] This feature is based on collaborative filtering, also featured on websites such as Last.fm and Amazon.com. Another feature of Tribler is a limited form of social networking and donation of upload capacity. Tribler includes the ability to mark specific users as online friends. Such friends can be used to increase the download speed of files by using their upload capacity.^[7] Due to these features Tribler differs from other popular BitTorrent clients such as Vuze and μTorrent.

[edit]SwarmPlayer

The SwarmPlayer is a Python based BitTorrent Internet TV viewer. It allows you to watch BitTorrent-hosted peer-to-peer digital media distribution of video on demand and plays live Triblerstreaming media. It is based on the same core as the Tribler TV application.

The core software is free and open source software based on the Tribler platform, licensed under the LGPL 2.1.

[edit]Development

Tribler was created by university researchers trying to improve peer-to-peer technology.^[8] Tribler is designed to enhance BitTorrent by removing the need for central elements such as the websites for finding content. The aim is to increase performance, reliability, and scalability.

[edit]Popularity

After a news article on TorrentFreak^[9] in February 2012 mentioned Tribler's decentralization and the fact that its index is impossible to take down, the website became hugely popular, causing it to be reduced to just the download page to comply with demand.

[edit]Uses

The European Union's P2P-Next project to develop an internet television distribution standard builds on Tribler technology under development at the Delft University of Technology.^[10]

[edit]See also

	Free software portal
	Internet portal
	Television portal

Torrent Swapper builds on Tribler

[edit]External links

[edit]References

^ Licensing Terms
^ Milestone Tribler V5.0 | Tribler.org
^ The BitTorrent overlay swarm|Tribler.org
^ whatIsTribler/2
^ | Download Tribler
^ DecentralizedRecommendation - tribler.org
^ CooperativeDownload - tribler.org
^ http://www.tribler.org/trac/raw-attachment/wiki/File/CPE-Tribler-final.pdf
^ "Tribler Makes BitTorrent Impossible to Shut Down". TorrentFreak. 2012-02-08.
^ "Europe funds internet TV standard". BBC News. February 25, 2008. Retrieved May 26, 2010.

[show] v d e BitTorrent

[show] v d e Peer-to-peer file sharing

Torrent Swapper - The Social BitTorrent Client

2012-02-18T13:48:00.001Z

Torrent Swapper

The Social BitTorrent Peer to Peer Client

Torrent Swapper is an open sourced sociable peer to peer file-sharing client based on the Bittorrent protocol that is ideal for high-speed distribution of large files that has a basic understanding of human friendships, of user tastes in content, and of Internet connectivity between users. Torrent Swapper supports simultaneous downloads, download queue, selected downloads in torrent package, fast-resume, disk cache, speed limits, port mapping, proxy, ip-filter, etc.

Download Torrent Swapper

Sub Menu

Introduction Download Help / F.A.Q Torrent Search RSS Disclaimer

Other

A beginner's guide to BitTorrent Torrent Swapper Screen Shoots Top Torrent Sites

Acknowledgment

The Torrent Swapper Project is proudly hosted on Sourceforge. If you would like to join our project please visit our project Homepage

Social Benefit

The main idea of P2P technology is that users pool resources together and create a social service. Because users donate resources, there is no cost to the content distribution infrastructure. In the UK, the BBC a file-sharing system for TV program downloads. The largest encyclopedia on earth, Wikipedia was solely created by volunteers without authoritative, central editors. The Skype VOIP telephony software uses P2P to reduce the cost of Internet telephony and became a market leader in just a few months. P2P is now the "killer app" of the Internet.

Unfortunately, P2P is mainly used for the illegal spreading of intellectual property. We believe that P2P is the future of content distribution and will mature from the current "wild west" into a respectable business solution. For example, Pual Geller and Lurence Lessig are arguing for P2P as means for spreading specialized content to a small group of audience, such as video recordings of local concerts, soccer matches, and city council meetings that with advent of P2P have suddenly became feasible due to the low cost of using P2P over the Internet.

With Torrent Swapper, we are creating software for sharing large files that has a basic understanding of human friendships, of user tastes in content, and of Internet connectivity between users.

Features:

Torrent Swapper is an improved client for the Bittorrent peer-to-peer file distribution solution that is both resource friendly Yet Feature Filled. Some of Torrent Swapper features include;

Amazon-like recommendations to get interesting files

Doubling the download speed by using the upload capacity of friends

Real-time P2P file sharing with P2P video streaming

Showing the locations of seeders / leechers of the same content with city-level accuracy on a world map

Multiple downloads in a single window

Queueing system with priority

Supporing pause, stop, resume, queue, remove operations

Supporting global setting such as upload and download limiting

Supporting local setting for each torrent as well

And much more...

via bit-torrent.sourceforge.net

Some people NEED change NOW

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Delft University of Technology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Delft University of Technology

Contents

[edit]History

[edit]Royal Academy (1842–1864)

[edit]Polytechnic School (1864–1905)

[edit]Institute of Technology (1905–1986)

[edit]Delft University of Technology (1986–present)

[edit]TU Delft logo

[edit]Campus

[edit]Mekelpark

[edit]Aula

[edit]Library

[edit]Cultural and Sports Center

[edit]TU Delft Musea

[edit]Botanical Garden

[edit]Faculties

[edit]Education

[edit]Bachelor-level Studies

[edit]Master-level Studies

[edit]Doctoral-level Studies

[edit]Doctoral Defense

[edit]Other degree programmes

[edit]Organization

[edit]Research Institutes

[edit]Research Schools

[edit]Media

[edit]Management

[edit]Student life

[edit]Research

[edit]People

[edit]Students

[edit]Faculty

[edit]Alumni

[edit]Honoris Causa Laureates

[edit]TU Delft in University Rankings

[edit]References

[edit]External links

Tribler From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tribler

Contents

[edit]Features

[edit]SwarmPlayer

[edit]Development

[edit]Popularity

[edit]Uses

[edit]See also

[edit]External links