Surrogacy in India

WHAT IS Surrogacy?

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WHAT IS Surrogacy?

Many couple fails to have a child even after all treatment option like IUI, IVF, ICSI etc. this may be due to unhealthy uterus which may not allow the fetus to grow even though healthy embryos are transferred. In such condition the biological parents get can opt to get their own embryo to be transferred to a woman with healthy uterus, so as to allow fetus to grow. In all ways it is their own child, but the woman who agrees to nourish the child and carry for 9 months becomes a surrogate mother, so that couple can have a baby.

Who needs surrogacy?

Indication for surrogacy
Can be anything that causes infertility in the couple, which leads failure of all treatment modules.
In females diseases of uterus like fibroid, uterine abnormalities, endometriosis, endometrial adhesions, congenital absence of uterus, pelvic infections destroying the pelvis, repeated abortions or medical problems contra medicating a pregnancy can go for surrogacy. Women after hysterectomy, renal surgery, cardiac/liver or other major problems which make them unable to conceive can do surrogacy.
Social causes like unability to find time to take break from career is a new indication for surrogacy and may become a common cause in future.
Male infertility associated with female problems may also need in case of repeated ICSI failures.
Gay couples or single men who want to have children often opt for surrogacy.

Is surrogacy legal in India?

Many countries like USA and European countries have banned surrogacy in their country
There are no laws against surrogacy in India. There are moves to make it more legalized through new bills, which may take some time. This is to protect the rights of the child and the surrogate mother.
As of now there are no laws binding it in India.

Understanding Surrogacy: An Overview of the Process and Regulations in India

2022-12-19T00:57:00.004-08:00

Surrogacy is a reproductive process in which a woman (the surrogate) carries and gives birth to a child on behalf of another person or couple (the intended parents). In India, surrogacy is regulated by the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2021, which allows only altruistic surrogacy, meaning that the surrogate mother cannot be paid a fee for her services.

To participate in surrogacy, intended parents and surrogate mothers must undergo detailed counseling and medical screening. They must also sign legal papers outlining the terms and conditions of the surrogacy arrangement. The surrogate mother may need to undergo fertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), in order to become pregnant with the embryo created using the eggs and sperm of the intended parents.

Surrogate mothers may be asked to stay in the hospital during the pregnancy and delivery, although this is optional and the decision is typically left to the intended parents and the surrogate. The cost of surrogacy can vary significantly and may include expenses such as screening and selection fees, medical treatments, accommodation, pregnancy confirmation payments, and compensation to the surrogate mother. Any unexpected medical costs that may arise during the pregnancy are the responsibility of the intended parents.

After the birth of the child, the surrogate mother's role is complete and the child is handed over to the intended parents. The birth of the child is registered under the name of the intended parents, and the surrogate mother is typically given a final payment as compensation for her services.

It is important to note that surrogacy laws and regulations can vary significantly by country and even by state or province. It is important to carefully research and understand the laws and regulations governing surrogacy in your jurisdiction before entering into a surrogacy arrangement. It is also important to work with a reputable fertility clinic or surrogacy agency to ensure that all necessary legal and medical procedures are followed."

Keywords: surrogacy, reproductive process, surrogate mother, intended parents, counseling, medical screening, fertility treatments, in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo, hospital stay, surrogacy costs, surrogacy laws, India.

Glossary

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Altruistic surrogacy: Surrogacy in which the surrogate mother is not paid a fee, but rather provides the service out of a sense of altruism or kindness.

Artificial insemination: A fertility treatment in which sperm is inserted into the vagina or uterus of a woman in order to achieve pregnancy.

Commercial surrogacy: Surrogacy in which the surrogate mother is paid a fee for carrying and giving birth to the child.

Embryo: The early stage of development of a human being, from fertilization to about eight weeks of gestation.

Gestational carrier: Another term for a gestational surrogate, a woman who carries and gives birth to an embryo that is not genetically related to her.

Gestational surrogacy: A type of surrogacy in which the surrogate mother carries an embryo that has been created using in vitro fertilization (IVF) and is not genetically related to her.

In vitro fertilization (IVF): A fertility treatment in which eggs are retrieved from a woman's ovaries and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory dish. The resulting embryos can be transferred to the uterus of the woman or a surrogate mother.

Intended parents: The individuals or couple who commission a surrogacy arrangement and will ultimately become the legal parents of the child born through surrogacy.

Surrogacy agreement: A legal contract between the surrogate mother and the intended parents outlining the terms and conditions of the surrogacy arrangement.

Surrogacy clinics: Clinics that provide fertility treatments and assist with the arrangement of surrogacy agreements.

Surrogacy laws: The legal framework regulating surrogacy arrangements, including eligibility requirements for intended parents and surrogate mothers, rights and responsibilities of all parties involved, and legal procedures for establishing parentage.

Surrogate mother: The woman who carries and gives birth to a child on behalf of the intended parents.

Traditional surrogate: A woman who carries and gives birth to a child that is genetically related to her, usually through artificial insemination with the sperm of the intended father.

Traditional surrogacy: A type of surrogacy in which the surrogate mother is artificially inseminated with the sperm of the intended father and carries a child that is genetically related to her.

Understanding Gestational Surrogacy: A Comprehensive Guide

2022-12-19T00:33:00.008-08:00

For many people, welcoming a child into the world is a top priority. However, some individuals and couples may face medical conditions or challenges that prevent them from carrying a pregnancy to term. In these cases, gestational surrogacy may be the best option.

What is gestational surrogacy?

Gestational surrogacy is a form of assisted reproduction in which a woman carries and delivers a child for a couple or individual. In vitro fertilization (IVF) is used to create an embryo using eggs and sperm from the intended parents or donors. Because the surrogate does not provide the egg, she is not genetically related to the child.

Who may benefit from gestational surrogacy?

Gestational surrogacy may be recommended for individuals or couples who have medical conditions or challenges that prevent them from carrying a pregnancy to term. This may include women without a functioning uterus, women with uterine disorders, women at significant medical risk during pregnancy, or women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss. Male same-sex couples may also consider gestational surrogacy as a way to start a family.

What is involved in the surrogacy process?

It is important for potential parents to undergo a medical evaluation and consult with a reproductive specialist to determine if gestational surrogacy is the right option for them. Working with an agency and establishing legal agreements with the surrogate is typically required in the surrogacy process. Surrogates should be healthy women with a history of normal pregnancies and deliveries, and undergo medical, psychological, and social evaluations to ensure they are suitable candidates.

During the pregnancy, prenatal care is provided by the intended parents' obstetrician, with the surrogate's medical needs also taken into consideration. The surrogate may choose to have limited or no contact with the child after delivery.

It is important for both intended parents and surrogates to have a support system in place and communicate openly during the complex and emotionally charged surrogacy process.

Gestational surrogacy can offer hope for individuals and couples who want to become parents but face challenges in carrying a pregnancy to term. It is important to carefully consider all options and seek the advice of a reproductive specialist to determine if gestational surrogacy is the right path for starting a family.

India's Surrogacy Act, 2021: What Has Changed and What You Need to Know

2022-12-18T21:47:00.002-08:00

Surrogacy Act made 'altruistic surrogacy' mandatory to curb exploitation of women

India has recently enacted a new law that regulates surrogacy in the country. The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 replaces the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019, which was passed by the Indian Parliament in August 2019, but had not yet been implemented due to various legal and administrative challenges.

Under the new law, surrogacy is only allowed for infertile couples who have been married for at least five years and who have been medically diagnosed with infertility. Surrogacy is also allowed for single women who are Indian citizens, but only if they are over the age of 45 and have been medically diagnosed with infertility.

Commercial surrogacy is strictly prohibited in India. This means that surrogates cannot be paid for carrying a child. Instead, surrogates are only allowed to receive compensation for medical expenses and other reasonable expenses incurred during the surrogacy process.

All surrogacy arrangements must be registered with the appropriate authorities and must be approved by a surrogacy board. Only Indian citizens are allowed to enter into a surrogacy arrangement, and the surrogate must be a close relative of the intended parents, such as a sister or cousin. The intended parents must be at least 25 years old, and the surrogate must be at least 21 years old. The surrogacy process must be carried out in a registered fertility clinic and must be overseen by a medical team.

The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 aims to protect the rights and well-being of surrogates and intended parents, and to prevent exploitation and abuse. It also aims to ensure that surrogacy is only used as a last resort for couples who are unable to have children through other means. Overall, the new law aims to provide a legal framework for surrogacy in India and to regulate the surrogacy industry.

The Act replaces the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019, which was passed by the Indian Parliament in August 2019, but had not yet been implemented due to various legal and administrative challenges.

The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 aims to provide a legal framework for surrogacy in India, and to ensure the rights and well-being of surrogates and intended parents. Some of the key provisions of the Act include:

1. Surrogacy is only allowed for infertile couples who have been married for at least five years, and who have been medically diagnosed with infertility.

2. Surrogacy is also allowed for single women who are Indian citizens, but only if they are above the age of 45 and have been medically diagnosed with infertility.

3. Commercial surrogacy is banned in India, meaning that surrogates cannot be paid for carrying a child. Surrogates can only receive compensation for medical expenses and other reasonable expenses incurred during the surrogacy process.

4. All surrogacy arrangements must be registered with the appropriate authorities, and must be approved by a surrogacy board.

5. Only Indian citizens can enter into a surrogacy arrangement, and the surrogate must be a close relative of the intended parents, such as a sister or cousin.

6. The intended parents must be at least 25 years old, and the surrogate must be at least 21 years old.

7. The surrogacy process must be carried out in a registered fertility clinic, and must be overseen by a medical team.

Overall, the Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 aims to regulate the surrogacy industry and ensure the rights and well-being of surrogates and intended parents. It also aims to prevent exploitation and abuse, and to ensure that surrogacy is only used as a last resort for couples who are unable to have children through other means

What is involved in Surrogacy?

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What is involved in Surrogacy?

Surrogacy is decided by the couple, they need to have detailed counseling regarding all aspects and medical screening is done. Adoption is also discussed then suitable candidates are allotted from the pool of willing women.

They are usually thoroughly screened before hand. After finishing legal papers signed by both, month of treatment for IVF is decided and posted. It might take couple of months depending on availability.

Both are synchronized for treatments in their period cycle IVF or ICSI is conducted and the result of pregnancy after confirmation is taken care. Many couple prefers for them to

stay in hospital till delivery and is optional. During the stay all expenses have to be met by the couple. The delivery of the surrogate is conducted by whichever mode needed and babies’ birth is registered under name of biological mother. The baby is handed over to couple after birth and surrogate mother is given compensation, she will taken care till fit to discharge.

Does surrogate mother stay in the Hospital?

The option is left to the couple who goes for it and depends on the surrogate’s willingness.
Some might prefer to go back to their family and come for regular check up and the option are discussed before allotting to the couple.
Some women like to stay and take rest and be taken cared of and then the couple must be willing to take all expenses, that is incurred.

Who selects the surrogate mother?

The doctor decides to select one or more number of surrogates to a particular couple from the pool of women who have undergone screening. It is usually depended on their demands and needs (egg: stay in hospital or not)

How is surrogate screening?

In gyno ivf center we have strict protocol for selection as follows

Age below 30 years
At least one child before
Medically fit and healthy
Minimum educational qualification graduation.
No history genetic problems/ familial diseases
Lab tests – Blood R/E, Sugar, cholesterol, bleeding profile, infection screening, HIV, HBSAg, VDRL, etc are done.
Weight is normal limits.( under nourished are not selected )
USS is done to check pelvis is normal.
Husband must be willing to agree for surrogacy.

Do you have a surrogate pool?

In gyno ivf centre, we have many women, who have underwent screening and is ready for surrogacy.
Depending on the demand some times there might be waiting list.
It is not repeated in the same women in our center at least for 3 years and we prefer not to, unless necessary.

What is cost?

Cost involves many expanses and cannot be predicted accurately, as every couple have different problems and different needs.
Anyway following costs are encored

Selection and screening costs and initial compensation for coming forward.
Consultation and allotment cost
Investigation of the couple
IVF/ICSI cost
Accommodation during procedure (1 month) if needed.
Pregnancy confirmation should follow payment to the surrogate (small portion)
Accommodation 9 months if required
luteal support –medical charges to support pregnancy
Antenatal case lab test vaccinations, regular scanning medications, travel expenses if needed, cost of admissions for medical problems if needed.(medical problems like bleeding, pain, vomiting, infections, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm labor, etc may require admission and treatment)
Changes delivery/caesarian and postnatal care of mother. Any neonatal admissions if required.
Compensation (complete) to surrogate mother the amount will be discussed and fixed prior to starting the procedure. This is not fixed as some women especially those are with job and qualification often demand more than housewives as their income is compromised

The couple who wants the surrogacy should be prepared to take any unexpected costs that comes due to medical problems in pregnancy as hospital is not liable for those

Donor Egg /donor Egg IVF

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Donor Egg /donor Egg IVF

This is the procedure in which healthy Eggs are collected from the uterus of the women at the time of ovulation in order to archive a successful pregnancy.

1). Genetics problems like turuess – by birth where ovary stop producing eggs.

2). Disease destroys ovary like endometriosis cancer so ovary stop having eggs.

3). patients who go through premature menopausal where ovary stops producing eggs at early age.

4). Post menopausal women, who stopped having periods so they do not have any eggs left.

In order to conceive they should still have healthy uterus.

Sometimes couple option for donor embryo transfer when they choose donor egg and donor sperm (DET)

Procedure (time 1 month)

The recipients will be given medicines to develop the lining of uterus (priming)

By giving estrogen tablets from gyno ivf center this may be for 1 month or even one year depending on the cause. If patients who are abroad can get locally or it can be sent by courier

The donor is chosen by doctor and both are synchronized to get periods on similar date. All the health screening will be completed at gyno IVF centre.

The donor starts taking injections daily from day 2 or day 3 for stimulation of ovaries to produce eggs. She will have regular scan by Dr. Anitha to monitor the growth of the eggs.
When It is ready (10 to 12 days) the eggs are collected using scan guided needle aspiration under GA (OR) By Dr Anitha/Dr. Mani.
The eggs which are obtained are fertilized using husbands sperm in IVF lab by ivf or ICSI (DE) or with Donor Sperm (DET) as decided by Dr. Arun. (Embryologist)
The Embryos are transferred back into uterine cavity (ET) on day 3 or day 5 which is a monor procedure (not painful) using a very small embryo transfer cannula under scan guidance By Dr. Anitha Mani/ Dr. Mani.
The patients than taking supporting medicines/injections, (luteal support) so that the embryo will implant and growth. After 14 days pregnancy test will be done. Some prefer to stay in hospital during this period.
If test is positive patient is given further luteal support and a planed antenatal care.If the test is negative counseling by Dr. Mani/ Dr. Anita. to plan future management.
If there are extra embryos which are frozen, frozen embryo transfer can done in subsequent cycles after priming. (FET)

Donor Egg program in

Strict criteria for donor.

We maintain strict criteria for donors. We accept women less than 30 years. So that the eggs are of good quality and there is higher chances of IVF success.

Through healthy screening is is done to rule out any health problems including genetic disorders (familial disorders) complete medical check up is done. Blood, urine is screened for infections including HIV, HB sAG, VDRL, etc.

Ultra sound scanning (USS) is done to evaluate pelvis for any cyst and to check. Antral follicular count (AFC).

IN our hospital Gyno IVF centre Dr. Anitha will choose donors only with good educational background graduation or post graduation with good character so that the next generation will be good.
Good renumaration is provided to the donor for their generosity. Color matching can be done from the large pool of donors that we have dark medium fair, very fair is available. Currently we do not have concessions, they are all keralites. Height can also be matched short medium tall (maximum 5” to 6”).

Although you can choose characters the identity cannot be revealed to both donor and recipient for reason of confidentiality. Donor egg program follows all legal precautions and consult is a part which is done very meticulous way.

Patient and her partners needs to give written consult. The chances of any abortianality would be same as in general population and hospital will not take any responsibility in such occurrences.

Success

Our current success for Donor Egg/Donor embryo is 80%. However, the miscarriage rate in IVF due to many reasons are also high so you might require repeated cycles for successful full term pregnancies. In case of miscarriage.

Accommodation

Accommodation is provided for those who need, in form of ward, rooms, luxury suites or villas. Excellent food is provided from the canteen. However rooms need early booking as it is subject to availability Tariff will be provided on request.

Donor IUI (donor insemination)/donor sperm IVF

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Donor IUI (donor insemination)/donor sperm IVF

This is the procedure in which healthy sperms are deposited in the uterus of the women at the time of ovulation in order to archive a successful pregnancy.

Indications.

Male infertility from any cause.

Azoospermia (absence of sperm) Due to genetic, obstructive or diseases
Asthenospermia. ( absence of adequate motile sperms) due to disease
Teratospermia. (Abnormal sperms) where a normal pregnancy is not achieved.
Necrospermia (dead sperms) No viable sperms to fertilize egg
Impotence and failure of ejaculation when male partner is unable to ejaculate to provide semen.
Genetic abnormalities and Diseases which might seriously effect next generation is also an indication for using donor sperm.
Failed ICSI/IUI. If male infertility is not successfully treated with ICSI or IUI as sperm is not healthy, donor sperm is considered.
Financial reasons. If patient can’t afford expensive treatment like ICSI they may prefer Donor IUI which is affordable for them.

Procedure

Counselling
Screening both partners thoroughly to confirm male factor
Investigating female to check patency of tubes and ovulation
Screening for infections
Consent 9written) from Husband and wife
Choosing method ---- donor IUI or donor IVF
Preparing wife with medicines for ovulation, follicular study and urinary ovulation tests
Insemination of healthy sperms during ovulation.
Medicines for supporting pregnancy

Details of donor sample

All infection screening is done There are two methods.

Donor bank
Specific donor

Donor bank

Individual characters cannot be provided as it is a vast pool. The infection screening is complete and samples are frozen
Specific donor

Patient who request specific features like height, colour, high professional qualification (Eg: engineers Doctors)

Specific donor can be requested, but payment might be higher as per their demand.

Infection screening is done for all samples irrespective of their background

Usually only very low no is done in such cases per person, so chances of child meeting sibling in future is rare.
Confidentiality.

The couple have to maintain total confidentiality. From the hospital, this information will be totally confidential.

The hospital will not be liable for any future social problems, which results, if couple breaks the confidentiality.

The donating person will never be informed i.e. the identity of the recipient.
Any rules and regulation which might arise in the future will be strictly followed and protocols are revised annually.

FAQ

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Frequently Asked Questuions About In Vitro Fertilization

1. What will be the cost of IVF?

The cost of IVF will be Rs 50,000/- (Indian Rupees ) + medication charges. Medication charges can change.
2. Why IVF is so expensive ?
The medicines and media used for the procedure are imported and has heavy taxation. So it is so expensive.
3. Are the medications safe ? Any S.E.?

The medications are generally safe and do not have much side effects.
4. Are the injection painful ?
The injections can be taken as self, and they are not painful.
5. Do I have to be admitted in hospital ?
No. You may have to spent 1 day during the Egg pick up.
6. How frequently I need to come to hospital ?

The patient needs USS or alternate days or less frequently for follicular study.
7. Do I need rest during up ? Can I work ?

There is no need of rest except for the day after egg collection. You can continue to work.
8. Can I have to female Dr. ?
Yes. If you are particular that you want female Dr. every visit, please inform.
9. Do you give information Leaflets ?

Information Leaflets are provided for all medical conditions related to your disease.
10. Will the procedure of Donor sperm/ egg be confidential ?

Yes. The procedure of donor egg/ sperm is fully confidential.
11. Do you provide separate room/privacy for semen collection ?

Yes. separate room/privacy will be provided for semen collection.
12. Is there need for my husband to be there for every checkup , does he have to take leave from work?
No. Once the investigations are completed for the male partner, only the wife needs to come for regular seens.
13. Will you give us the reports of sesth of lab tests ?

All the reports will be kept as a file Infertility Record, which will be given to you.
14. Can I still conceive if am menopausal ?

Yes. You will need to have donor egg.
15. Can we have sterilizations be reversed-- ?

Yes. You can have surgery either laparoscopically or as laparotony for leversal of sterilization.
16. Will I be seen by same Dr. each visit ?

Infertility treatment is done by a team and you will be seeing the same team every visit.
17. Can I do my own injections?

Yes. You will be taught, to take self injections.
18. What is In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
In IVF, eggs are removed from the woman's ovaries and mixed with the man's sperm in a dish in a laboratory. Once the egg have been fertilized with the sperm, they are implanted in the women’s uterus
19. Do I have to take drugs?

One may choose not to elect the drugs, but that will significantly decrease the odds of developing additional eggs. You will be closely monitored while you are on these drugs as women respond to them in different ways. Some women may complain of flushing and headaches.
20. When are the eggs retrieved?
You will be closely monitored by following your temperature and the status of your hormones. An ultrasound will be done 3-6 days prior to ovulation to ensure that your eggs are ready to be retrieved.
21. How much time does the entire procedure require?

Each cycle of IVF takes four to six weeks to complete. The process of IVF requires that both you and your partner can expect to spend about half a day at the clinic for the egg retrieval and fertilization procedures. The female partner has to return in a few days for the embryos to be transferred to the uterus.
22. How are the eggs retrieved?
Egg retrieval requires an anesthetic. An ultrasound is done and the eggs are identified. With a fine needle, the eggs are retrieved under ultrasound guidance. The entire procedure takes about 15-30 minutes and there is minimal pain afterwards.
23. What happens to the eggs?

Your partner's sperm is combined with your eggs in a dish containing a special nutrient medium, which is then cultured in an incubator to fertilize. After about 48 hours, the embryo (fertilized eggs) is then transferred to the uterus for implantation.
24. When is the embryo transferred to the uterus?

The embryos are carefully transferred to the uterus under sterile conditions. The embryos are placed in the uterus with a fine tube. To avoid the risk of multiple pregnancy physicians never implant more than 2-3 embryos. Any extra embryos are frozen for future use in case the present attempt at conceiving is not successful.
25. Is there an age limit to IVF?
There are no strict age limits but the protocol is best for women around the ages of 35-45. The older a woman is, the less chance there is of conceiving .
26. When does one know if the IVF is successful?

If the implantation is successful and the embryo implants in the uterine wall, then within 10-14 days, the pregnancy test will be positive. If the pregnancy test is negative 2 weeks after implantation, the procedure has failed.
27. What is risk of multiple births?
The risks of multiple births is always a concern and can also affect the health of the babies which have conceived. Data suggest that about 10-25% of females, who have a successful IVF pregnancy, will have twins. The risks of multiple births are increased with the number of embryos implanted. In the general population the chance of having twins is about 1 in 90.
28. What is the success rate?

Unfortunately, despite all the hype and glamour of IVF, the procedure is still a “HIT and MISS” situation. No one can predict if pregnancy will occur. The outcomes are dependent on numerous factors. All data indicate that the younger the female, the greater the chance of success. Unbiased data indicate that the chance of success is about 10-20% and in most cases less.
29. What are side effects or complications of IVF?
IVF treatments increase a woman's risk of ectopic pregnancy- in this case the embryo implants not in the uterus but in the fallopian tubes.

30. Is IVF associated with birth defects?

All the data available indicate that IVF is safe and not associated with birth defects. However, long-term effects of IVF remain to be determined.
31. What is In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
In IVF, eggs are removed from the woman's ovaries and mixed with the man's sperm in a dish in a laboratory. Once the egg have been fertilized with the sperm, they are implanted in the women’s uterus.

32. Do I have to take drugs?
One may choose not to elect the drugs, but that will significantly decrease the odds of developing additional eggs. You will be closely monitored while you are on these drugs as women respond to them in different ways. Some women may complain of flushing and headaches.
33. When are the eggs retrieved?

You will be closely monitored by following your temperature and the status of your hormones. An ultrasound will be done 3-6 days prior to ovulation to ensure that your eggs are ready to be retrieved.
34. How much time does the entire procedure require?

Each cycle of IVF takes four to six weeks to complete. The process of IVF requires that both you and your partner can expect to spend about half a day at the clinic for the egg retrieval and fertilization procedures. The female partner has to return in a few days for the embryos to be transferred to the uterus.

35. How are the eggs retrieved?

Egg retrieval requires an anesthetic. An ultrasound is done and the eggs are identified. With a fine needle, the eggs are retrieved under ultrasound guidance. The entire procedure takes about 15-30 minutes and there is minimal pain afterwards.
36. What happens to the eggs?

Your partner's sperm is combined with your eggs in a dish containing a special nutrient medium, which is then cultured in an incubator to fertilize. After about 48 hours, the embryo (fertilized eggs) is then transferred to the uterus for implantation.
37. When is the embryo transferred to the uterus?

The embryos are carefully transferred to the uterus under sterile conditions. The embryos are placed in the uterus with a fine tube. To avoid the risk of multiple pregnancy physicians never implant more than 2-3 embryos. Any extra embryos are frozen for future use in case the present attempt at conceiving is not successful.

38. Is there an age limit to IVF?

There are no strict age limits but the protocol is best for women around the ages of 35-45. The older a woman is, the less chance there is of conceiving
39. When does one know if the IVF is successful?

If the implantation is successful and the embryo implants in the uterine wall, then within 10-14 days, the pregnancy test will be positive. If the pregnancy test is negative 2 weeks after implantation, the procedure has failed.
40. What is risk of multiple births?

The risks of multiple births is always a concern and can also affect the health of the babies which have conceived. Data suggest that about 10-25% of females, who have a successful IVF pregnancy, will have twins. The risks of multiple births are increased with the number of embryos implanted. In the general population the chance of having twins is about 1 in 90.

41. What is the success rate?

Unfortunately, despite all the hype and glamour of IVF, the procedure is still a “HIT and MISS” situation. No one can predict if pregnancy will occur. The outcomes are dependent on numerous factors. All data indicate that the younger the female, the greater the chance of success. Unbiased data indicate that the chance of success is about 10-20% and in most cases less.
42. What are side effects or complications of IVF?
IVF treatments increase a woman's risk of ectopic pregnancy- in this case the embryo implants not in the uterus but in the fallopian tubes.
43. Is IVF associated with birth defects?

All the data available indicate that IVF is safe and not associated with birth defects. However, long-term effects of IVF remain to be determined.

Coast of Surrogacy in India

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Sl NO	Particular	Payment Time	Payment	Remarks
1	IVF Charge	Advance	5000 -5500 $	Per treatment Cycle
2	Surrogacy Proceedure	Advance	600 $	Legal papes Blood test and check ups Stay in Hospital and food
3	Surrogate payment	After Confirming pragnancy	7500 $	4 Month : 600 $ 8 Month : 600 $ After delivery : 6300 $
4	Pragnancy Checkup and medicines	After Confirming pragnancy	3000 +/- $
5	Surrogate Monthly payment	Monthly 175 $X9	1575 $	125 $ goes to Surrogate House 50 $ Cash to surrogate
6	Delivery charges	Beginig of the 5th Month	3000 $ +/-	if twins 25% Extra
7	Insurance	Advance	2000 $	Death Benifit
8	Blastocys Culture	Advance	500 $
9	Embryo freezing	Advance	500 $
10	Payment to surrogate	After delivery	150 $	50 $ X 3months
11	Emergency if Any	Advance	1500 $ - 2000 $	Refundable if Not utilized