Tanzania Conservative

IFAHAMU SIKUKUU YA KWANZAA

2017-12-28T03:31:00.001-08:00

Sikukuu ya Kwanzaa iliasisiwa na aliyekuwa Profesa na mwenyekiti wa stadi za mtu mweusi, Dr Maulana Karenga wa chuo cha California State university mnamo mwaka 1966. Baada ya machafuko na migomo ya watu weusi mwaka 1966 huko Los Angeles, Dr Karenga Alita futa njia nzuri ya kuwarejesha pamoja watu weusi Marekani.

Alianza kwa kufanya tafiti kufahamu mazao ya mwanzo ya Waafrika na sherehe zake. Aliunganisha dhana ya sherehe mbalimbali za mavuno kutoka kabila la Ashanti na Zulu wa Afrika ya Kusini, alifanya hivi kujenga misingi ya siku ya Kwanzaa.
Neno Kwanzaa limechipuka kutoka kwenye dhana ya "matunda ya kwanza" kwa lugha ya Kiswahili. Ambapo familia na kabila mbalimbali zinasherekea kwa nyimbo na namna yao ya asili kwa ngoma, kuimba, kueleza hadithi na kwa kufanya karamu ya vyakula.

Katika kila sik, kuanzia tarehe 26/12 kila mwaka kwa muda wa siku saba mshumaa unawashwa katika kinara, ambapo mishumaa hii ina rangi tofauti kila rangi ikiwa na maana yake. Anayewasha mshumaa ni mtoto na na hapo mjadala wa kanuni moja wapo ya kanuni saba hujadiliwa katika siku yake. Kanuni hizi huitwa "nguzo saba" ambapo kwa msingi wake hujali na kuthamini tamaduni ya mtu mweusi.
Vilevile kuna alama za Kwanzaa ambazo zipo saba kilele cha Kwanzaa huwa tarehe 01/01 na siku hii huwa siku ya KARAMU. Siku hii huitwa "karamu"
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Nguzo saba za Kwanzaa

1. Umoja
Hii huwa tarehe 26/12 ya kila mwaka ambapo katika umoja jamii inakuwa katika hali ya upamoja katika umoja. Siku hii mafundisho ya masuala ya umoja hujadiliwa.

2. Kujichagulia
Hapa ni kueleza na kujipambanua wewe ni nani na kipi unakihitaji.

3. Ujima
Kuijenga jamii yetu kwa pamoja na kufanya matatizo ya ndugu zetu kama yetu na kusaidiana kuyatatua.

4. Ujamaa/uchumi wa ushirika
Kujenga na kuendesha maghala, maduka, biashara mbalimbali kwa ushirika kujenga kipato cha faida kwa maendeleo yetu.

5. Nia
Uthubutu wa kuwa tayari kujenga na kuendeleza jamii ili kudumisha utu na ukuu wa tamaduni zetu.

6. Kuumba
Kufanya kwa vyovyote vile katika ubunifu kwa namna inayofaa ili jamii inayotuzunguka iweze kudumu na kupendeza na kwa manufaa zaidi kuliko tulivyo irithi.

7. Imani
Kuwa na matumaini na watu wetu, wazazi, walimu, viongozi kuwa na tumaini katika kweli na ushindi wa mapambano yetu

The Beginning of TIme - Stephen Hawking

2017-10-12T17:52:00.000-07:00

This lecture is the intellectual property of Professor S.W.Hawking. You may not reproduce, edit, translate, distribute, publish or host this document in any way with out the permission of Professor Hawking.

Note that there may be incorrect spellings, punctuation and/or grammar in this document. This is to allow correct pronunciation and timing by a speech synthesiser. In this lecture, I would like to discuss whether time itself has a beginning, and whether it will have an end. All the evidence seems to indicate, that the universe has not existed forever, but that it had a beginning, about 15 billion years ago. This is probably the most remarkable discovery of modern cosmology. Yet it is now taken for granted. We are not yet certain whether the universe will have an end. When I gave a lecture in Japan, I was asked not to mention the possible re-collapse of the universe, because it might affect the stock market. However, I can re-assure anyone who is nervous about their investments that it is a bit early to sell: even if the universe does come to an end, it won't be for at least twenty billion years. By that time, maybe the GATT trade agreement will have come into effect. The time scale of the universe is very long compared to that for human life. It was therefore not surprising that until recently, the universe was thought to be essentially static, and unchanging in time. On the other hand, it must have been obvious, that society is evolving in culture and technology. This indicates that the present phase of human history can not have been going for more than a few thousand years. Otherwise, we would be more advanced than we are. It was therefore natural to believe that the human race, and maybe the whole universe, had a beginning in the fairly recent past. However, many people were unhappy with the idea that the universe had a beginning, because it seemed to imply the existence of a supernatural being who created the universe. They preferred to believe that the universe, and the human race, had existed forever. Their explanation for human progress was that there had been periodic floods, or other natural disasters, which repeatedly set back the human race to a primitive state.

This argument about whether or not the universe had a beginning, persisted into the 19th and 20th centuries. It was conducted mainly on the basis of theology and philosophy, with little consideration of observational evidence. This may have been reasonable, given the notoriously unreliable character of cosmological observations, until fairly recently. The cosmologist, Sir Arthur Eddington, once said, 'Don't worry if your theory doesn't agree with the observations, because they are probably wrong.' But if your theory disagrees with the Second Law of Thermodynamics, it is in bad trouble. In fact, the theory that the universe has existed forever is in serious difficulty with the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The Second Law, states that disorder always increases with time. Like the argument about human progress, it indicates that there must have been a beginning. Otherwise, the universe would be in a state of complete disorder by now, and everything would be at the same temperature. In an infinite and everlasting universe, every line of sight would end on the surface of a star. This would mean that the night sky would have been as bright as the surface of the Sun. The only way of avoiding this problem would be if, for some reason, the stars did not shine before a certain time. In a universe that was essentially static, there would not have been any dynamical reason, why the stars should have suddenly turned on, at some time. Any such "lighting up as buttime" would have to be imposed by an intervention from outside the universe. The situation was different, however, when it was realised that the universe is not static, but expanding. Galaxies are moving steadily apart from each other. This means that they were closer together in the past. One can plot the separation of two galaxies, as a function of time. If there were no acceleration due to gravity, the graph would be a straight line. It would go down to zero separation, about twenty billion years ago. One would expect gravity, to cause the galaxies to accelerate towards each other. This will mean that the graph of the separation of two galaxies will bend downwards, below the straight line. So the time of zero separation, would have been less than twenty billion years ago. At this time, the Big Bang, all the matter in the universe, would have been on top of itself. The density would have been infinite. It would have been what is called, a singularity. At a singularity, all the laws of physics would have broken down.

This means that the state of the universe, after the Big Bang, will not depend on anything that may have happened before, because the deterministic laws that govern the universe will break down in the Big Bang. The universe will evolve from the Big Bang, completely independently of what it was like before. Even the amount of matter in the universe, can be different to what it was before the Big Bang, as the Law of Conservation of Matter, will break down at the Big Bang. Since events before the Big Bang have no observational consequences, one may as well cut them out of the theory, and say that time began at the Big Bang. Events before the Big Bang, are simply not defined, because there's no way one could measure what happened at them. This kind of beginning to the universe, and of time itself, is very different to the beginnings that had been considered earlier. These had to be imposed on the universe by some external agency. There is no dynamical reason why the motion of bodies in the solar system can not be extrapolated back in time, far beyond four thousand and four BC, the date for the creation of the universe, according to the book of Genesis. Thus it would require the direct intervention of God, if the universe began at that date. By contrast, the Big Bang is a beginning that is required by the dynamical laws that govern the universe. It is therefore intrinsic to the universe, and is not imposed on it from outside. Although the laws of science seemed to predict the universe had a beginning, they also seemed to predict that they could not determine how the universe would have begun. This was obviously very unsatisfactory. So there were a number of attempts to get round the conclusion, that there was a singularity of infinite density in the past. One suggestion was to modify the law of gravity, so that it became repulsive. This could lead to the graph of the separation between two galaxies, being a curve that approached zero, but didn't actually pass through it, at any finite time in the past. Instead, the idea was that, as the galaxies moved apart, new galaxies were formed in between, from matter that was supposed to be continually created.

This was the Steady State theory, proposed by Bondi, Gold, and Hoyle. The Steady State theory, was what Karl Popper would call, a good scientific theory: it made definite predictions, which could be tested by observation, and possibly falsified. Unfortunately for the theory, they were falsified. The first trouble came with the Cambridge observations, of the number of radio sources of different strengths. On average, one would expect that the fainter sources would also be the more distant. One would therefore expect them to be more numerous than bright sources, which would tend to be near to us. However, the graph of the number of radio sources, against there strength, went up much more sharply at low source strengths, than the Steady State theory predicted. There were attempts to explain away this number count graph, by claiming that some of the faint radio sources, were within our own galaxy, and so did not tell us anything about cosmology. This argument didn't really stand up to further observations. But the final nail in the coffin of the Steady State theory came with the discovery of the microwave background radiation, in 1965. This radiation is the same in all directions. It has the spectrum of radiation in thermal equilibrium at a temperature of 2 point 7 degrees above the Absolute Zero of temperature. There doesn't seem any way to explain this radiation in the Steady State theory. Another attempt to avoid a beginning to time, was the suggestion, that maybe all the galaxies didn't meet up at a single point in the past. Although on average, the galaxies are moving apart from each other at a steady rate, they also have small additional velocities, relative to the uniform expansion. These so-called "peculiar velocities" of the galaxies, may be directed sideways to the main expansion. It was argued, that as you plotted the position of the galaxies back in time, the sideways peculiar velocities, would have meant that the galaxies wouldn't have all met up. Instead, there could have been a previous contracting phase of the universe, in which galaxies were moving towards each other. The sideways velocities could have meant that the galaxies didn't collide, but rushed past each other, and then started to move apart.

There wouldn't have been any singularity of infinite density, or any breakdown of the laws of physics. Thus there would be no necessity for the universe, and time itself, to have a beginning. Indeed, one might suppose that the universe had oscillated, though that still wouldn't solve the problem with the Second Law of Thermodynamics: one would expect that the universe would become more disordered each oscillation. It is therefore difficult to see how the universe could have been oscillating for an infinite time. This possibility, that the galaxies would have missed each other, was supported by a paper by two Russians. They claimed that there would be no singularities in a solution of bythe field equations of general relativity, which was fully general, in the sense that it didn't have any exact symmetry. However, their claim was proved wrong, by a number of theorems by Roger Penrose and myself. These showed that general relativity predicted singularities, whenever more than a certain amount of mass was present in a region. The first theorems were designed to show that time came to an end, inside a black hole, formed by the collapse of a star. However, the expansion of the universe, is like the time reverse of the collapse of a star. I therefore want to show you, that observational evidence indicates the universe contains sufficient matter, that it is like the time reverse of a black hole, and so contains a singularity. In order to discuss observations in cosmology, it is helpful to draw a diagram of events in space and time, with time going upward, and the space directions horizontal. To show this diagram properly, I would really need a four dimensional screen. However, because of government cuts, we could manage to provide only a two dimensional screen. I shall therefore be able to show only one of the space directions. As we look out at the universe, we are looking back in time, because light had to leave distant objects a long time ago, to reach us at the present time. This means that the events we observe lie on what is called our past light cone. The point of the cone is at our position, at the present time. As one goes back in time on the diagram, the light cone spreads out to greater distances, and its area increases. However, if there is sufficient matter on our past light cone, it will bend the rays of light towards each other. This will mean that, as one goes back into the past, the area of our past light cone will reach a maximum, and then start to decrease. It is this focussing of our past light cone, by the gravitational effect of the matter in the universe, that is the signal that the universe is within its horizon, like the time reverse of a black hole. If one can determine that there is enough matter in the universe, to focus our past light cone, one can then apply

Data-Tanzania

2017-10-10T08:34:00.000-07:00

The rise of Alternative für Deutschland; Alternative for Germany

2017-09-11T14:24:00.000-07:00

Introduction

Founded in April 2013, the party won 4.7% of the votes in the 2013 federal election, narrowly missing the 5% electoral threshold to sit in the Bundestag. In 2014 the party won 7.1% of the votes and 7 out of 96 German seats in the European election, and was a member of the European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) group until AfD was expelled from that group in April 2016, following AfD's alliance with the Freedom Party of Austria and after AfD leaders made controversial remarks about shooting immigrants.

As of May 2017, the AfD had gained representation in 13 of the 16 German state parliaments. The party is currently led by Frauke Petry and Jörg Methuen.The AfD's initial supporters were the same prominent economists, business leaders and journalists who had supported the Electoral Alternative 2013, including former members of the Christian Democratic Union, who had previously challenged the constitutionality of the German government's eurozone policies at the German Constitutional Court.

Political move

If the AfD intends to transcend its role as a protest group, it “needs to decide what sort of party it wants to be,” said Konstantin Vössing, a political scientist at the Humboldt University in Berlin. Founded as a technocratic, anti-European Union party, it no longer has a clear economic message, he said, and has not been able to seize the right flank of Merkel’s party, left open by her centrist stance on issues such as immigration, the environment and same-sex marriage.

The party’s conflicting instincts were on display last month, when Alice Weidel, a 38-year-old lesbian mother and one of the party’s two leading candidates, addressed reporters in Berlin, seeking to distance herself from the party’s harsher strains of cultural and religious nationalism. She said she welcomed migrants who integrated into German society and regretted a campaign advertisement pairing the belly of a pregnant woman with the pronouncement “New Germans? We’ll make them ourselves.”

A day earlier, the other leading candidate, Alexander Gauland, 76, told supporters that the government’s integration commissioner, Aydan Ozoguz, who has Turkish roots, could learn about national culture by coming to Eichsfeld, the district in central Germany where he was speaking.

“Then she’ll never come here again, and we will, thank God, be able to dispose of her in Anatolia,” he said, in remarks described by a former federal judge as incitement to hatred in violation of Germany’s criminal code.

The two styles create a cacophonous message — with many notes still proof, for the party’s critics, that it is beyond the pale. But the different approaches may also help the relatively new bloc cast a wide net.

The important point for some supporters is that the AfD is challenging the political establishment — and the behavioral codes it upholds. Max Naegele, a 50-year-old postal worker in Augsburg, in southern Germany, acknowledged the party’s blemishes but declared himself “sick and tired of hearing the same old story. Every day I go to work and I’m poorer than the day before.”

I But others are backing away. Uli Heinemann, a retired engineer in Anklam, a stronghold of the far right in eastern Germany, has voted for the AfD before but planned to support Merkel’s party this fall.

“I voted for the AfD because I wanted to try something different,” said Heinemann, 72. “I liked that they were against the massive influx of refugees.”

Two years later, he said, the AfD’s dire predictions have not come true. “This year, I will vote for the CDU. Mrs. Merkel is leading in a pretty clever way. She’s calm and unemotional.”

Luisa Beck contributed to this report.

Novelist John Le Carré Reflects On His Own 'Legacy' Of Spying

2017-09-09T09:27:00.001-07:00

Tanzania GDP-Agrcultural sector

2017-09-09T07:57:00.002-07:00

Ulinganifu wa ukosefu wa ajira Tanzania na Marekani

2017-09-09T07:43:00.002-07:00

SAFARI ZA KUHAMA KWA wAISRAEI WEUSI WALIOPOTEA

2017-08-31T04:15:00.002-07:00

Upande wa Kusini wa Afrika inajulikana kwa jina maarufu kama Afrika ya Juu. Ukisoma kwenye maandiko na vitabu mbalimbali vya kihistoria wanasema juu ya Misri ya Juu na Misri ya chini. Niweke wazi kuwa ukisoma au kusikia Misri yaa Juu tambua kuwa ni Misri ya Kusini na ukisikia au kusoma Misri ya Chini tambua kuwa ni Misri ya Kaskazini. Hii inatokana na jografia ya bara la Afrika. Naweza kusema kuwa moja kati ya mijongeo wa kutoka Kusini kwenda Kaskazini wa miaka ya hivi karibuni ni ule uliofanywa na Waethiopia miaka ya 1990 baada ya uliokuwa uvamizi wa Warusi nchini humo wa kumtoa utawala wa Kiebrania uliofanyika miaka ya 1960, ambapo kundi wa watu

jamii ya Falashas walitoka Ethiopia kwenda Israeli katika ilikuwa inaitwa “Operation Moses”, mjongeo huo haukuhusisha kundi kubwa la watu. Kwa kuangalia historia Wakushi waliokuwa wanakaa Kusini mwa Misri walipanda kwenda Kaskazini na kuweza kuivamia iliyokuwa Misri ya kale na kuitawala. Japo tamaduni za KiMisri ziliendelea kutokana na kuwa watu wa jamii moja na walielewana hata kwa lugha. Jamii hii ya Wakushi waliacha marejeo mbalimbali ya kihistoria japo kwa kiwango kikubwa yameangamizwa (nitafuatilia juu ya hili huko mbeleni). Ukiangalia mwenendo wa Wangoni kutoka iliyokuwa ngome ya Wanguni kuja, Msumbiji, Zambia, Malawi Kusini mwa Tanganyika katika mkoa wa Ruvuma na kwingineko, ni moja kati ya mgawanyiko wa jamii hiyo. Wangoni wanasifika kwa mbinu zao za kivita na pia shughuli mbalimbali, ila swali la msingi hapa ni kwa nini walishindwa katika mapigano katika ngome yao ya kale?

Wangoni au Wanguni ni moja kati ya watu wa jamii ya Wabantu na hawa wanaongea lugha inayoitwa Kinguni au Kingoni ambacho kimetawala kwa kiasi huko Kusini mwa Afrika. Jamii hii inajumuishwa watu wa kabil za Xhosa, Wazulu, Ndebele na Waswazi ambao wanaishi huko Swaziland na Afrika Kusini. Watu jaamii ya Wandebele wanaishi maeneo ya Zimbambwe. Baada ya kugawanyika kutoka Sotho-Tswana na Tsonga, Wangoni walikutana na wawindaji wa San jambo ambalo linaeleza juu ya sauti yao kama lugha ya “kugonga”. Wapo pia Wangoni waliokwenda kuishi huko Kusini Magharibi kwa miaka ile na kujichanganya na Waxhosa na wale waliokwenda kuishi Kusini Mashariki walibaki kujiita Wangoni/Wanguni. Kuibuka kwa Ngome ya Zulu mwaka 1815-1840, kulifanya mataifa/ makaabila mengi yaliyokuwa yameungana kuanza kusambaratika. Hapo ni hadi pale ambapo Mpiganaji na kiongozi wa Wazulu Shaka alipowashinda Wandwande ambao walikimbia kutoka Kusini Mashariki na kwenda kuelekea Kaskazini jambo ambalo lilifanya kubaki kwa kabila za Wazulu na Waswazi. Baada ya kushindwa katika mapigano Zwide na Wandwandwe; makomando wake wawili Shoshangane na Zwengendaba waliwachukua watu wao na kuelekea Kaskazini zaidi na kuenea zaidi kila wanakoelekea. Bwana Shoshangane aliweza kuanzisha utawala wake wa Shangane huko Msumbiji na Zwengendaba alikwenda Tanganyika. (Swali la kujiuliza, je Tanganyika iliundwa na akina Zwengendaba?). Zwengendaba alikuwa akitumia mbinu kama za Wazulu katika mapigano yake. Alikuwa akiwapiga mahasimu wake kisha kuwaunga na kabila lake.

Kifo cha Zwengendaba miaka ya 1840 kilipelekea kurudi nyuma kwa kuanzishwa kwa taifaa la Wangoni, ambapo wengi walirudi nyuma kulikuwa na mgawanyiko wa makundi matano. Makundi matatu kati ya haayo yalirudi huko Malawi na kuanzisha Ufalme wao na hao wengine; makundi mawili Watuta na Wagwangara walisogea kaskazini zaidi kuingia Tanganyika. Hawa Watuta walienda kaskazini zaidi ambapo moja ya kundi lao liliweza kujichanganya na Wanyamwezi huko ziwa Viktoria na kisha kuweza kukaa huko magharibi mwa Kahama. Miaka ya 1858 Wangoni walishindwa huko Ujiji maeneo ya ziwa Tanganyika na waliokuwa wauza na watekaji wa watumwa. Pia Machifu wa Kinyamwezi walijizatiti kijeshi dhidi ya waporaji na wavamizi wa kingoni. Wakati huo huo Wagwangara walijikita naa kuendeelea huko kusini masharriki mwa Tanganyika na kuunda Ufalme mbili tofauti ambazo ni Njelu na Mshope. Hapa walikuta pia waliokuwa wanaongea lugha jamii ya kinguni kutoka Afrika kusini, Wamaseko. Wakati Wangoni wa Zwengendaba wakielekea huko Malawi hawa Wamaseko walihama kuelekea Msumbiji na kuiga baadhi ya tamaduni za watu wa jamii za hapo na kisha kuvuka Mto Ruvuma miaka ya 1840 na kisha kufika Songea. Huko walianzisha maakundi kama ndonde, Nindi, Ndendeuli, an kisha kuwaunga na Njelu na Mshope.

Mzilikazi katika kukimbia kwake kutoka kwa Shaka aliua wanaume wa eneo husika na kuchukua wanawake na kuanzisha taifa lake jipya lililoitwa Matabele. (Kwanini Mzilikazi alikuwa anamkimbia Shaka?) Mwanzoni kabisa alikaa huko kunakoitwa sasa Pretoria kisha kwenda Mosega karibu na huko Zeerust, baada ya kupigwa na Voortrekkers alikwenda Zimbabwe na kuanzisha mji wake ulioiwa Bulawayo. Kisa cha Mzilikazi kumkimbia Shaka kilikuwa kama ifuatavyo; Mzilikazi alikuwa mmoja wa majenerali wa Shaka Zulu alikuwa Mkhumalo. Wakati aliporudi kwenye mapigano alirudi naa ng’ombe wengi aliofanikiwa kupora na kuiba hivyo akajiwekea kama mali zake badala ya kupeleka ng’ombe kwa Shaka. Hili lilikuwa kosa kubwa na adhabu yake kuwa kali hadi kufa, hivyo akakimbia kutoka ardhi ya Zulu na kwenda kwenye ngome dhaifu za Manala Ndebele.

#ANTIFA: New USA political upgraded "cancer" after KKK

2017-08-28T18:20:00.000-07:00

Introduction

Antifa is short for anti-fascists. The term is used to define a broad group of people whose political beliefs lean toward the left -- often the far left do conform with the Democratic Party platforms. It is said doesn't have an official leader or headquarters by CNN, but in real sense it has,also groups in certain states hold regular meetings. When Scott Crow, a former Antifa organizer, asked what real Antifa stands for he says the "radical ideals" promoted by Antifas are starting to be adopted by liberals, "They would never have looked at (those ideals) before, because they saw us as the enemy as much as the right-wingers." It is not well known the actual origins of the group, but Antifa can be traced way back to Nazi in Germany and Anti-Fascist Action, a militant group founded in the 1980s in the United Kingdom (CNN, 2017).

No apologetic for Marxist violence

The primary tragedy of Charlottesville was the loss of a young woman’s life. The secondary tragedy was the distortion of our political culture. The president of the United States actually declared some portion of a collection of neo-Nazis, white supremacists, and alt-right white nationalists to be “very fine people.” He just couldn’t bring himself to completely disavow men and women who’d supported him since the day he descended down the escalator at Trump Tower.

Yet rather than doing the easiest and most sensible thing in the world — condemning white supremacy while also condemning political violence on the far left — some portion of the left-wing intelligentsia actually decided to embrace their own thugs. They supported Antifa. They decided to lionize some of the worst people in American life. And in so doing, they actually compared them to the American heroes who stormed Omaha Beach. The tweets below, as the saying goes, did not age well. The video evidence of violence is appalling. Antifa isn’t heroic. It’s brutal:

Violence by far-left protesters sparks alarm

Thousands of demonstrators carrying signs with slogans like “Stand Against Hate” descended on Berkeley’s Martin Luther King Jr. Civic Park on Sunday for what many hoped would be a peaceful march against bigotry and President Trump. But it was soon punctuated by tear gas and a scattering of violent skirmishes. Some anti-fascist protesters, wearing black and with their faces covered, chased or beat Trump supporters and organizers who had scheduled and then canceled the “anti-Marxist” rally, citing concerns over safety.

Kyle Chapman, the far-right activist known as “Based Stickman” who gained fame for his role in previous Berkeley brawls, had been listed among speakers for the canceled event, but was not seen. On Friday, during a hearing on a pending felony weapons charge related to a prior rally, a judge ordered Chapman to stay away from Sunday’s demonstration.

Other planned attendees included Augustus Invictus, a Florida-based white supremacist who attended a torch-lit rally in Charlottesville, Va., according to the Anti-Defamation League. Invictus was not seen Sunday either.

One far-right figure who did show up was Johnny Benitez, the alias of an Orange County resident who organized an “America First” rally in Laguna Beach. Protesters got into shoving matches after he appeared, with some screaming “Go home, Nazi.”

#VIDEO: Prof.PLO Lumumba excites court in presidential poll petition case

2017-08-28T17:25:00.002-07:00

About the SHINGOPANA SONGWENSIS and lived between 100 and 70 million years

2017-08-27T19:40:00.000-07:00

The species discovered in Tanzania

The newly-discovered titanosaur is called Shingopana songwensis and lived between 100 and 70 million years ago (Cretaceous period).

A partial skeleton of the prehistoric creature was first excavated in 2002 and represents the first significant discovery by the Rukwa Rift Basin Project, an international collaborative effort led by Ohio University paleontologists.

Over the next few years of excavation, additional portions of the skeleton, including neck vertebrae, ribs, a humerus, and part of the lower jaw, were recovered.

“There are a couple of key anatomical features only present in Shingopana songwensis and several South American titanosaurs but that are absent in other African titanosaurs,” said team member Dr. Eric Gorscak, a postdoctoral researcher at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago.

“Shingopana songwensis had siblings in South America, whereas the other African titanosaurs were only distant cousins.”

Detailed comparison of the new titanosaur with other known sauropod dinosaurs suggests that the species found in southern Africa are certainly more diverse than previously thought.

Dr. Gorscak and colleagues conducted phylogenetic analyses in order to understand the evolutionary relationships of these and other known titanosaurs.

What they discovered is that Shingopana songwensis was more closely related to South American titanosaurs than to any of the other species currently known from Africa or elsewhere.

“This discovery suggests that the fauna of northern and southern Africa were different in the Cretaceous period,” said Dr. Judy Skog, program director in NSF’s Division of Earth Sciences.

“At that time, Southern African dinosaurs were more closely related to those in South America, and were more widespread than we knew.”

During the Cretaceous period, Shingopana songwensis roamed the landscape alongside Rukwatitan bisepultus, another species of titanosaur the same team described in 2014.

The research on the new species appears today in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.

_____

Eric Gorscak et al. The second titanosaurian (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) from the middle Cretaceous Galula Formation, southwestern Tanzania, with remarks on African titanosaurian diversity. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, published online August 24, 2017; doi: 10.1080/02724634.2017.1343250

This article is based on text provided by Ohio University.

KWANINI WATANZANIA WENGI SI WAHAIDHINA?

2017-08-18T15:33:00.000-07:00

Utangulizi

Kutokana na hali ya kisiasa inavyoendelea siku hadi siku inaonekana ni wazi kuwa demokrasia haiwi kwa mfumo ambao ni chanya kwa taifa kwa ujumla. Najua wazi kuwa utashangaa na kujiuliza swali, “huyu ndugu haoni kuwa demokrasia imekuwa kwa kiasi kikubwa hivi, anafikiri nini?”. Ndio kwa macho ya kawaida mtu anaweza kusema kuwa demokrasia imekuwa kwa kiasi kikubwa kama vile ambavyo wanasiasa baadhi wanahubiri kwenye majukwaa yao kila siku. Kwangu mimi naona bado kabisa demokrasia haijawa, ndio tunaanza kujifunza jinsi ya kutumia mfumo huo kwa manufaa ya taifa. Kuna mitazamo miwili hapa; mosi ni demokrasia ndani ya chama na pili ni demokrasia kwa ujumla wa kitaifa. Nikizungumzia demokrasia ndani ya chama naanza kugusia pia mrengo wa chama husika katika siasa za dunia hii. Vyama vingi havielezi kwa undani juu ya imani yao na mrengo wao wa kisiasa wanaoufuata. Hili ndio linazaa hoja yangu na swali ambalo ndio kichwa cha habari cha hoja hiyo, “kwa nini Watanzania wengi si wahafidhina?” utasikia katika vijiwe na mitaani watu wanavyolalamika kuonewa na kudhulumiwa, utaona viongozi kukosa nidhamu kwa wananchi, kuwa wababe, wasioambilika wala kusikia lolote la mtu mdogo. Sasa kwanza nigusie juu ya imani au itikadi ya wahafidhina (Consevatives) wengi duniani hasa katika mkondo wa kisiasa wa mrengo wa kulia (right wing):

Nguvu ya Umma. Ukisoma na kufanya rejea za IDU (International Democratic Union) na vyama ambavyo viko kwenye umoja huo wanaamini katika nguvu ya umma (people’s power). Siasa zao mara nyingi ni za harakati na wana sera ambazo zina jikita katika kuwapa wananchi nguvu ya kufanya maamuzi. Ukiagalia nchi mfano Ghana ambapo chama kinachoongoza sasa (2017) kimo katika umoja huo.
Kuchaguliwa na kulinda demokrasia. Wanaamini katika mfumo wa kidemokrasia wa vyama vingi unaoweka chama madarakani kwa kufuata uchaguzi wa vyama vingi. Vyama vya mfumo na mrengo wa kulia wanaamini katika chaguzi za haki ambazo zinaweka utawala wa wananchi madarakani.
Fikra na mamlaka ya umma ndio inayotumika kupinga unyanyasaji na kutetea jamii. Kulinda na kuthamini fikra za umma ndio hutumika kupinga unyanyasaji kutokana na hii hapa ndipo ambapo mrengo wa kulia unakuwa na uhafidhina. Mfano nchini Marekani wakati ambapo aliyekuwa rais wa kipindi hicho Ndg. Ibrahim Lincolin, aliweza kusaini hati ya kuwafanya Wamarekani weusi kuwa huru dhidi ya utumwa. Pia Repulican walipitisha haki kwa Negroes kupiga kura na haki ya kusoma bila upendeleo.
kukuza na kuimarisha uchumi wa nchi kwa kutumia raslimali za nchi. Katika zama za sasa nchi haiwezi kukua kama wananchi wake hawajakuwa kimapato. Mfano mapato mengi ya taifa hutegemea kodi inayokusanywa kutoka kwa wananchi; kama kipato cha wananchi ni kidogo ni ngumu sana kwa serikali kupata kipato ambacho ni kizuri kwa ustawi wa maendeleo. Pato litashuka kwa kiwango kikubwa sana.
Kujenga na kuimarisha uchumi wa soko huru, utakaoheshimu na kulinda haki na mali za watu, biashara huru na sekta ya watu binafsi. Ili kukuza soko la bidhaa katika taifa ni vyema kukuza na kuimarisha soko huria soko lenye ushindani kwa mujibu wa taratibu na maono ya kibiashara. Ushindani katika soko hujenga jamii yenye kushindana katika ubunifu na uboreshaji kwa lengo la kupata wateja wengi.
Matumizi bora ya raslimali asilia za nchi ili zichangie kikamilifu katika pato la taifa. Matumizi bora ya rasilimali za taifa husaidia sana katika kukuza mapato ya taifa kwa wananchi. Hii ni kutokana na miraaba ambayo itakuwa ya tija kwa asilimia nzuri. Unaweza kuona kuwa katika hili tumepwaya sana na kinaitajika chama ambacho kina mrengo wa kihafidhina kurejesha hili.
Uzalendo na kuthamini mila na desturi za taifa. Ukiangalia katika siasa za ulimwengu, vyama ambavyo vina mrengo huu mara nyingi huwa na itikadi ya kujenga taifa kwanza paasipo kuegemea kwenye utandawazi kwa kiwango kikubwa; utaifa kwanza kwa maneno mengine. Uzalendo kwa watu wenye mrengo huu ni mkubwa sana kulinganisha na watu wenye mrengo wa shoto ambao wameegemea katika siasa za utandawazi zaidi, ambazo kwa kiasi kikubwa zinaweza kupora mali za umma na kupeleka kwa watu wa mataifa kwa jina la wawekezaji. Nieleweke vizuri hapa kwamba uwekezaji si dhambi hata wahafidhina wanataka wawekezaji katika uchumi wao ila uwekezaji huo uwe wa tija zaidi; taifa linufaike vyema kwa hilo.

Hitimisho

Kuna mengi mazuri juu ya mrengo wa kati kulia na kulia kwa umoja wake. Ni moja kati ya mrengo ambao unajali na kuthamini uhuru na demokrasia ya watu. Swali la kwanini Watanzania wengi sio wahafidhina linaweza kujibiwa kwa kutokana na historia ya siasa za hapa nchini tangu wakati wa uhuru. Wale wote ambao walionekana kuwa na nguvu katika siasa na waliokuwa wafuasi na walimu wa mrengo huo waliuliwa nguvu na kupewa sifa mbaya katika jamii. Jamii ilidanganywa na kuyumbishwa juu ya ukweli wa elimu ya siasa. Kufutwa kwa masomo ya siasa na kutokuwepo kwa mtaala thabiti wa kutoa elimu hiyo ilitolewa na kizazi kikubwa hakijapata elimu hiyo. Hata baadhi ya wanasiasa nguli na maarufu hawajui misimamo yao katika mrengo na ndio maana ni wepesi wa kupelekwa huku na huko. Wananchi wanahitaji kuelimishwa.

JE WEWE NI NANI?-4

2017-08-13T17:12:00.002-07:00

Kufichika kwa baadhi ya historia

Ukifuatilia historia ya Tanganyika ni ngumu sana kuona mahali imetajwa kwa jina hilo la Tanganyika. Achana na historia baada ya Wazungu kugawana eneo hili na kulifanya koloni lao; nazungumzia historia yake kwa miaka ya nyuma kabisa ya karne ya kumi na nane. Utagundua kuwa katika vitabu vya kihistoria wana sema juu ya “Great Lakes Nation” au Taifa la Maziwa Makuu; wengine wanaandika Taifa la Wabantu (Bantus Nation) ambao wametokea kutokea Ethiopia wengine wanasema kutokea Kongo ambapo kulikuwa na mababu wa Punt wa huko Misri. W.E.B. Du Bois (1915), “The Negroes” anaandika na kusema kuwa Wabantu (Nilotic Negroes) walifanikiwa kupigana na kuwasukuma “Bushmen” au Hottentot (type of Negores) huko Kusini na Magharibi mwa Afrika kutoka eneo la maziwa makuu (Afrika Mashariki na Kongo) anasema kuwa Negroes walikuwa huko Ufa wa Nile (Nile valley) ambapo uzao wa pili ulichanganyika na kuwa na damu ya Semetic (Waebrania, Wayahudi au Waisraeli) anadai kuwa kwa miaka zaidi ya 5000 KK, machotara (mulatto) wa Kimisri na Wazungu walikuwepo na walikuwa

wakiishi huko Bonde la Mto Nile kwenye maporomoko ya kwanza, na Negroes walikuwa wakiishi kwenye maporomoko ya pili ambao anadai kuwa damu ya Uisraeli (semitic blood) ilikuwa imechanganyika zaidi au kidogo. Anasema kuwa jamii hii ndiyo sasa ni wazawa wa Somali, Gala, Bishari, na Beja za sasa na kusambaza damu hii huku Red Sea na Uarabuni. Anasema kuwa biashara na kuhamahama kunaifanya historia ya Wabantu wa Maziwa Makuu kuwa ngumu kuelezeka na kuielewa. Anasema kuwa kuna unasibu mkubwa mitatu, kwanza ni kwamba asili ya Wabantu wa maziwa makuu ni Misri,kama waamiaji wakutokea Kaskazini mwa utawala wa mwanzo wa Misri waliokuja kushika na kutawala soko la kusini ya Misri, pili ni Waebrania, Wayahudi, Waisraeli (Semitic) waliokuwa wameathiriwa na Uarabu na Uajemi; tatu, ni Wabantu (yeye amesema Negros) kutoka Magharibi na Afika ya Kati, (Bois, (1915), The Negroes, uk. 97).

Upatikanaji wa teknolojia kati ya Wabantu katika kilimo cha umwagiliaji, uchimbaji wa madini, ufugaji uliwasaidia kuweza kufanya biashara sehemu mbalimbali duniani. Wabantu walifanya biashara hadi Asia ya mbali. Biashara ya Dhahabu, kopa na silva iliwapa nguvu na inasemekana pia ndio moja ya dhahabu zilizokuwepo huko Ophir. Jambo hili lilifanya kujengwa kwa taifa huko Benomotapa, Zimbambwe ya sasa. Ambapo kuta zake imegundulika kuwa zilikuwa zimejengwa kwa ustadi mkubwa sana . Jengo lilikuwa ni ngome iliyokuwa na sehemu ya kuweka wanyama, karakana, sehemu za kulala, na uwanja kubwa. Kuna masalia mbalimbali ya kale yaliyopatikana huko Zambezi na maeneo mengine, sanaa ambazo ni nzuri za kuvutia.

Mwaka 1590, huko ambako kwa sasa ni nchi ya Msumbiji kulikuwa na usambaaji mkubwa watu usiokuwa na idadi wakitokea huko Mwanamutapa (Monomotapa) hawakuacha kitu chochota kusalia. Bois katika kitabu chake aliwaita hawa wapagani. Imeelezwa juu ya ujio wa watu waliokuwa wanaitwa Zimbas; watu wanaotisha ambao hawajawahi kuonekana waliokimbia nchi yao huko na kuja waliokuwa wamepita sehemu kubwa ya Ethiopia wakiwa wanaua kila kitu kilichopo, kama ambavyo miaka mia nne Wazulu walivyojipanga. Mwaka 1602 watu kutokea ndani kabisa, waliokuwa wanaitwa Cabires/Canibbals “Wala watu” waliingia kwenye Ufalme wa Mwanamutapa, na Mfalme aliyekuwa anatawala pale alikuwa dhaifu na ufalme wake ukaanguka na kutawanyika mpaka sasa kuwepo kwa Kaffir-Zulu.

Mwandishi wa Kiarabu aliyeita Macuodi, alifika iliyoitwa Bahari ya Hindi kwatika Afrika a mashariki na kukuta vitu vyenye asili ya Uarabuni ila hakukuta makazi yoyote yaa Waarabu isipokuwa wakazi wa huko waliitwa Wabantu au kama wanavyojiita wenyewe Wazenji, wakiwa wametwaa nchi kusini mwa Sofala na walikuwa wamepakana na Bushmen (Bushmen ni wakina nani hasa?) kiongozi wao alikuwa ana cheo kinachoitwa “Waklimi”( The Negros, pg. 50). Na nchi hiyo ilikuwa ikizalisha dhahabu kwa wingi sana huku ngozi ya Chui ikitumika kama vazi. Mwaka 1330 Ibn Batuta alikwenda Kilwa ambayo ilikuwa kiungo kizurisana cha kibiashara Afrika mashariki ambapo Kilwa yenyewe ilikuwa na misikiti zaidi ya 300, Batuta alijizolea ushindi dhidi ya Wazenji/Wabantu. Baada ya kutekwa kwa Kilwa, Sofala ilisimama kutokea Mogadishu. Hata hivyo Kilwa ilikuwa kama kitovu kikuu cha taifa zingine ikiwemo Zanzibar, Msumbiji, na mamlaka zingine (Tanganyika haijatajwa kwa jina!, kwa nini?) Wakati wa utawala wa aliyekuwa Mfalme wa 43 wa Kilwa baada ya kuutwaa mji, aliyeitwa Abraham alikuwa akifanya biashara na Watu wa mamlaka ya bara ambao walikuwa mjumuiko wa kabila nyingi walioitwa Wabantu.

Rais Uhuru Kenyatta wa Kenya afunga kampeni kwa sala

2017-08-06T03:30:00.001-07:00

JE WEWE NI NANI?-3b

2017-08-04T17:48:00.002-07:00

Hila na dhuluma dhidi ya mtu mweusi-3b

W.E.B. Du Bois (1915), “The Negroes” anaandika na kusema kuwa Wabantu (Nilotic Negroes) walifanikiwa kupigana na kuwasukuma “Bushmen” au Hottentot (type of Negores) huko Kusini na Magharibi mwa Afrika kutoka eneo la maziwa makuu (Afrika Mashariki na Kongo) anasema kuwa Negroes walikuwa huko Ufa wa Nile (Nile valley) ambapo uzao wa pili ulichanganyika na kuwa na damu ya Semetic (Waebrania, Wayahudi au Waisraeli) anadai kuwa kwa miaka zaidi ya 5000 KK, machotara (mulatto) wa Kimisri na Wazungu walikuwepo na walikuwa wakiishi huko Bonde la Mto Nile kwenye maporomoko ya kwanza, na Negroes walikuwa wakiishi kwenye maporomoko ya pili ambao anadai kuwa damu ya Uisraeli (semitic blood) ilikuwa imechanganyika zaidi

au kidogo. Anasema kuwa jamii hii ndiyo sasa ni wazawa wa Somali, Gala, Bishari, na Beja za sasa na kusambaza damu hii huku Red Sea na Uarabuni. Anasema kuwa biashara na kuhamahama kunaifanya historia ya Wabantu wa Maziwa Makuu kuwa ngumu kuelezeka na kuielewa. Anasema kuwa kuna unasibu mkubwa mitatu, kwanza ni kwamba asili ya Wabantu wa maziwa makuu ni Misri,kama waamiaji wakutokea Kaskazini mwa utawala wa mwanzo wa Misri waliokuja kushika na kutawala soko la kusini ya Misri, pili ni Waebrania, Wayahudi, Waisraeli (Semitic) waliokuwa wameathiriwa na Uarabu na Uajemi; tatu, ni Wabantu (yeye amesema Negros) kutoka Magharibi na Afika ya Kati, (Bois, (1915), The Negroes, uk. 97).

Moja ya majengo ya Kilwa

Endelea...

KESI ILIYOFUNGULIWA KUPINGA KUAPISHWA WABUNGE CUF YATUPWA

2017-08-04T05:15:00.000-07:00

#TRUMP IS A GOOD MAN

2017-08-03T18:55:00.001-07:00

TRUMP: THE RUSSIAN STORY IS A TOTAL FABRICATION

2017-08-03T18:32:00.002-07:00

JE WEWE NI NANI?-3

2017-08-03T15:18:00.000-07:00

Hila na dhuluma dhidi ya mtu mweusi-3a

Jambo kubwa lililofanyika na Warumi ni kufuta makumbusho ya kihistoria ya mtu mweusi, mfano iliyokuwa ngome ya Chifu Mkwawa wa Wahehe ambaye alikuwa na asili ya Kiisraeli, msomi wa kubobea shujaa wa Afrika aliyekuwa na lengo kubwa la kujenga utawala mkubwa kama ule wa Kongo na Zimbabwe huko kusini akiangalia historia ya Kilwa na ndoto kubwa ya kurudisha Ufalme ule kwa njia mpya (pengine ndio Tanganyika). Ngome ya Mkwawa ilivunjwa kabisa na masalia yake yakatokomezwa kabisa vito na vitu vya kihistoria pale vikaibwa; historia inatuambia kuwa ngome ile ilikuwa ikipigwa mabomu kwa siku nne mfululizo. Kuna nadhari zinasema kwa Chifu Mkwawa hakuwa amejiua, alifanikiwa kutoroka na alienda kuishi maisha ya kawaida kwa kujificha dhidi ya Wajerumani.

Swali la kujiuliza ni kwa nini Wajerumani walikuja na kichwa ambacho kimeungua wakidai ni yeye huku mwili haujulikani ulipo?

Mmoja wa Farao

Historia ya Ethiopia ya mwaka 955 KK imefutwa kabisa na kuvurugwa makusudi ilikuchanganya mfuatiaji, utagundua kuwa baadhi ya wanahistoria wanadai kuwa Ethiopia ilikuwa eneo ambalo kwa sasa ni Yemen na pia wanadai kuwa Babeli ilikuwa huko. Huku wakifanya tafsiri zisizosahihi za Biblia juu ya mfalme Sulemani na malkia wa Sheba (Makeda Balqis) kwamba hawa kuwa watu weusi. Jambo hili wanahistoria na wanazuoni wa biblia wanafahamu wazi kwamba mtoto wa Makeda yaani Meneleki I ndiye aliyekabidhiwa sanduku la agano na kulihifadhi huko Ethiopia katika milima chini ya Walawi wa kweli. kwa nini kufanya njama juu ya ukweli huu? Mwaka 1964 warusi walifanya hila ya kumtoa mfalme Haile Selassie madarakani ilikuua nguvu ya kisiasa ya Wayahudi duniani (nikisema Wayahudi na maanisha mtu mweusi si hawa wa leo). Unaweza kukumbuka nguvu ya kisiasa ambayo ilikuwepo miaka ile ya 1960-1984 kabla ya kuondoka madarakani kwa Mwl Nyerere, na ndoto kubwa ya kufanya Afrika kuwa nchi moja. Ni ndoto zile za kutaka kuinua upya utawala na taifa la kale la Israeli. Amini ninachokiandika, kuwa siku Waafrika wakitambua historia yao halisi ni siku ambayo dunia hii itarudi kuwa mpya na yenye amani.

Ukweli juu ya Mafarao wa Misri ya kale unapotoshwa kwa kuchora michoro mipya au kupaka rangi mpya michoro ya zamani kuonesha kuwa walikuwa ni watu weupe. Ukiangalia katika maandiko cheo cha Farao kilikuwa kinatolewa kwa kurithisha kizazi kimoja hadi kizazi kingine iweje wawe hao wanao dhaniwa sasa. Rejea juu ya wana wa Ham (Baba Wa Misri, Libya, Ethiopia Na Kanani) ambaye ni baba wa mtu mweusi kwa mujibu wa maandiko.

Namer & Hor- Aha hawa walikuwa Mafarao wa kwanza kwa mujibu wa wanahistoria ambapo Misri ya Kusini na Kaskazini zililetwa pamoja mwaka 3015 KK na Farao huyu aliaminika kuwa na nguvu kubwa ya kupambana na adui zake ushahidi wa hili una patikana kando ya mto nile huko kunakoitwa Hierakonapollis ambapo kulipatikana vito na mapambo meusi iliyopatikana miaka hiyo kabla ya

Piramidi la Farao Djoser

Kristo. Ambaye inaeleza kuwa Farao huyu alikuwa wa kutokea Misri ya Juu. Hila hapa ni kupaka rangi mpya michoro ilikupoteza ushahidi wa watawala halisi wa iliyokuwa Misri. Kwanini maigizo ya kuhusu Misri yanaonesha mtu mweupe ilihali kwenye piramidi ni watu weusi? Prof. David O’Connor anaeleza kuwa Farao ni kiongozi ambaye hana utawala wenye ukiritimba na hii iliweza kusaidia kuwezesha upatikanaji wa kile ambacho kina takiwa kupatikana kwa wakati husika. Na anasisitiza kuwa ni vyema kukumbuka kuwa karibia asilimia 5% ya Wamisri wote ndio waliokuwa wana elimu ya wakati huo. Pengine ndio sababu ya kusaulika kwa maana ya maneno ya kwenye piramidi na historia yake. Ujinga bado unazidi kutumaliza hapa ndio inaingia hila ya kumdumaza Mwafrika kuweka mfumo wenye ukiritimba na urasimu mkubwa na kunyima kizazi chake elimu bora!

Farao aliyeitwa Djoser (2630 KK) ambaye alikuwa mwendelezaji mkubwa wa taaluma mpya ya ujenzi kwa kutumia mawe huko Saqqara na ndiye Farao aliyejenga piramidi la kwanza kabisa Piramidi la Djoser (kwa jina lake). Japo historia haiweki sawa na wazi juu ya utawala wake ila inaonekana kwamba utawala wake ulitanguliwa na Pharaoh Nebka, ambapo kwa kuangalia sifa za kofia za mafarao, inaonekana kama vile Farao Djoser

Farao Djoser

aligawiwa madaraka kutoka kwa Farao wa Misri ya kusini (Misri ya juu) jambo hili historia haielezi sawa sawa. Mji ulikuwa upo kusini mwa mji huu wa Cairo ya sasa, ulikuwa umejengwa kwa mawe na nguzo imara kupata kuwahi kujengwa leo hii. Utawala wake ulikuwa umeenea karibia Misri nzima kutokana na miongozo yake. Ndiye ambaye alianza usafirishaji wa vito vya thamani huku Sinai Peninsula. Aliendelea kutanua utawala wake huko Abydos, Thebes na Aswan, kudhihirisha nguvu ya utawala wake Djoser alijenga kwa mara ya kwanza katika historia Piramidi. Prof. David Silverman wa Chuo kikuu cha Pennyslevania anasema kuwa Mfalme Djoser ni mtu wa kwanza katika historia ya dunia kujenga jengo kwa kutumia mawe. Jambo kubwa ambalo Farao Djoser anaweza kukumbwa leo hii baada ya kifo chake mwaka 2649KK ni ujenzi wa piramidi kubwa la kwanza linaloonekana hadi leo hii (hapakuwa na watumwa)

Endelea...

JE WEWE NI NANI?-2d

2017-08-02T19:07:00.003-07:00

Wewe kama Mwafrika-2d

Warada (Radanites) mwaka 1850, hawa walikuwa Waisraeli ambao alikuwa wakifanya biashara duniani kote na mwishoni kukaa magharibi mwa Afrika, huko Timbuktu. Na hawa Warada ni watu weusi kabisa, na kuna mbinu za kufanya upotoshaji na wengine wanawaita Waarabu weusi, jambo aambalo ni uongo mkubwa na wanazuoni wanajua kwa hoja kuwa wale ni Waisraeli. Watu wa Ghana na Ivory Coast (Ashanti Isralites) ni watu wa iliyokuwa “Ashanti Empire”, ambapo watu wa Ashanti

walikuwa wakutokea huko Mji wa Ashan au Asante kama inavyofahamika na wengine.

Binti waki Falashas

Kuna jamii ya wa Ethiopia inaitwa “Falashas” ambao waligundulika na Wazungu mwaka 1848 wakiwa wako kwa idadi ya watu 45000, wakihusika kuwa na mjumuiko wa Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Simeon na Benjamini wakiishi Torati. Kwanini historia inafichwa, kwanini tunadanganywa, kwanini tunaambiwa tusichimbue sana, kwanini tunatishwa kuwa ni dhambi kujadili masuala ya kidini, mbona “kwanini” ni nyingi sana? Hadi mnamo Mwaka 1930 Ethiopia lilikuwa taifa la mwisho Afrika kuwa huru mengine yote yalikuwa tayari yametawaliwa; mwaka 1938 Ethiopia ilipigwa na Italia (Warumi) lakini baadaye USA walirudisha tena utawala wa Haile Selassie wakati wa vita ya Baridi mwaka (1948-1980) kwa kujenga kituo cha makombora. Baada ya marekani kujitoa huko miaka ya 1960, Wakomunisti waliwatoa Waebrania nje ya utawala. Aibu gani hii?.. mwaka 1990s kulikuwa na vuguvugu lililokuwa likiitwa “Operation Moses” ambapo walisafirishwa baadhi ya Falashas kwenda Israeli. Walienda kufanya nini? Ni swali kati yangu mimi na wewe.

Mwanaume wa Radanites

Ukisoma Yer. 24:8-9, “Na habari za tini zile mbovu, zisizoweza kuliwa kwa kuwa ni mbovu sana; hakika asema BWANA, ndivyo nitakavyomtoa Sedekia mfalme wa Yuda, na wakuu wake, na mabaki ya Yerusalemu, waliosalia katika nchi hii, na hao wanaokaa katika nchi ya Misri. Naam, nitawatoa watupwe huko na huko katika falme zote za dunia, wapate mabaya; wawe kitu cha kulaumiwa, na mithali na dhihaka na laana, katika mahali pote nitakapowafukuza.” Utajiuliza kwamba, “kwanini Mungu ana hasira kali mno na sisi?”. Hadi hapa wanazuoni wa biblia wanajua wazi kuwa anayezungumzwa ni mtu mweusi na wanajua wazi kuwa Babilonia (Sheshaki) ilikuwa ya mtu mweusi chini ya Nebkadreza ambaye Mungu mwenye anamuita mtumishi wake (Yer. 25:9) hapa ni kweli kwamba Babeli ilikuwa ya Waisraeli, na hao walikuwa ni ndugu mmoja. Hili jambo wanazuoni wanalijua kwa hoja na vielelezo kabisa.

Inaelezwa kuwa Waisraeli wapatao 600 milioni walifanywa watumwa huku

Balozi wa Ashanti, akiwa na Mkufu wa Kabila 12 za Israeli

Afrika na hao waliopelekwa huko Marekani na Caribbean ni miongoni mwao tu. Asilimia 5% walipelekwa Amerika ya kaskazini (Negroes). Ikumbukwe kwamba wengi wa waliokuwa wanawamiliki watumwa ni Wazungu wanaojiita “Jews” na Masons na hawa walipenda kuwachukua watumwa hawa wa Waisraeli wa Kiebrania (Negroes/Africans) kutokana na kujua laana ambayo iko kwenye maandiko matakatifu, (Swali la Waafrika kuwauza Waafrika wenzao linapata jibu, japo wote ni Waisraeli). Biashara ya utumwa imetimiza liliokuwa utabiri wa zaidi ya miaka 3,300 iliyopita (Kumbukumbu la Torati 28:1-68), Kum. 28:15-68, nakusihi sana usome hili andiko kisha usome mema aliyosema pia kuanzia Kum. 28:1-14. Kitendo cha Waafrika kuwauza Waafrika wenzao ni sawa na kuuza nafsi zao, kitendo cha Waafrika kutokufuata maandiko (Torati) ni sawa na kuuza nafsi zao (Kum. 28:68). Kwanini baadhi ya Wakatoliki wanapinga uamsho? Kwanini katika Mtaguso wa Vatikani makadinali karibia wote isipokuwa mmoja walipinga kuwepo kwa uamsho? Kwanini kuna uamsho katoliki? Je Roho wa bwana anapaagiwa namna ya kumtokea mtu? Kwanini uamsho umevamiwa? Kwanini Wasabato hawaamini juu ya Uamsho? Kwanini viongozi wa dini ya Kiislamu watokee kwa familia ya mtume? Kwanini machafuko nchi zenye Uislamu? Kwanini nchi za Kiislamu hawaangalii sana elimu ya dunia? Kwanini Waarabu waliwaua Waafrika katika nchi zao? Kwanini wengi wanajidai kupokea uamsho? Kama kweli Waarabu wanajinasibu kuwa walikuwa wanasayansi wakubwa duniani, kwa nini leo hii ni tofauti? Kwanini Jihad? Kwanini Crusades? Kwanini Waarabu hawasaidiani, je huo ndio Uislamu?.. kwa nini “kwa nini” ni nyingi? Ni maswali unayoweza kujiuliza na wala sio dhambi kujiuliza haya maswali, tafuta majibu yake.

Baada ya kujiuliza maswali yote hayo swali moja la msingi linahitaji majibu ya kweli. “Je sisi tumetoka wapi?” Mwaka 65 KK, jeshi la Warumi chini ya Jenerali Pompey waliuteka mji wa Yerusalemu. Mnamo mwaka 70 BK, (Luke 21:24) Jenerali Vespasian na mwanae wa kiume Tito waliumaliza kabisa uwepo wa taifa la Kiyahudi, kwa mauaji makubwa mno kupata kutokea kwa wakati ule, mashambulio yalikuwa makali na yaliwadhuru watu wengi sana. Watu waliobaki walifanyiwa mauaji makubwa sana. Kutoka kipindi cha Pompey hadi Julius inakadiriwa kuwa zaidi ya Wayahudi 1,000,000 walikimbia Yerusalemu kwenda Afrika (Luke 21:12), walikimbia unyanyasaji, utesaji na kufanywa watumwa na Warumi. Biashara ya watumwa ilikuwa imejaa Waafrika (Watu Weusi), ukisoma kitabu cha, Windsor R. From Babylon to Timbuktu, pg. 84. Rudolph Windsor amefuatilia historia ya Waebrania weusi, kuanzia mwaka 70 BK, akiangalia asili yao kuanzia Babeli tokea kwa Abraham, kuzaliwa kwao hadi walipokuwa wakiishi Kaanani. Alijikita pia kuangalia historia ya Waebrania Weusi wwa Ethiopia, Misri, akitoa ushahidi pia wa Tabiban Kamant na Wayahudi Wasambara wa Tanzania ambao kwa sasa wanajulikana kama “Falasians” ambao wapo huko Ethiopia pia. Amejikita pia kuangalia historia ya Wayahudi walioko huko Madagaskar. Kama ambavyo nilikwisha kueleza hapo awali kwamba Waafrika ndio Waisraeli wanaozungumziwa kwenye biblia takatifu na wanazuoni wa biblia wanajua hilo kwa uwazi kabisa (Fanya kutembelea Makumbusho ya Mapango ya Amboni na makumbusho ya Mapango ya huko Kondoa)..

Endelea...

Je wewe ni nani?-2c

2017-08-01T13:24:00.003-07:00

Wewe kama Mwafrika-2c

Mwaka 995 KK, Ethiopia: mfalme Sulemani na Makeda Bilqis (malkia wa Sheba) wakuwa na mahusiano na walizaa mtoto wa kiume aliyeitwa Meneleki I, ambaye alianzisha utawala wa kinasaba na wa Mfalme Sulemani zaidi ya miaka 3000 iliyopita (1000KK) ambapo walikuwa wana tamaduni za Kiyahudi na mfumo wa utawala wao, historia inatuambia

kuwa Haileselasi ni Mfalme wa mwisho wa utawala huo ambao ulianguka

Meneleki I

mwaka 1974, kwa kuingia kwa falsafa na mawazo ya kishenzi ya kikomunisti kutoka Urusi (Ndiyo, mawazo ya kishenzi). Historia ina chambua na kuchimba zaidi kuwa Sanduku la Agano lilihifadhiwa na Meneleki huko Ethiopia na kupelekwa Aksum ambapo makasisi walilitunza. Kwanini mambo haya yanafichwa na tunadanganywa? Mwaka 500 KK huko Elephantine, Waisraeli walikaa pembezoni mwa mto Nile katika kisiwa cha Elephantine Kusini wa Misri. Ambapo walianzisha mkakati wa kijeshi wa kulinda biashara ya Misri na Nubia.

Baada ya anguko la Yerusalemu Waisraeli hawa walikwenda na kukimbilia Misri mwaka 586 KK(BC) wakiwa na Yeremia; ambapo baadhi wanaamini kuwa Waisraeli walikuwa huko mapema zaidi ya hapo (jambo ambalo ni kweli kabisa, Rejea habari ya Yusufu). Ambapo inaaminika kuwa baadhi walikuwa ni moja kati ya wana kumi wa kabila; ambao walikuwa wamepotea, ambao walikuwa wamesafirishwa kwa utumwa mwaka 722 KK kwenda Assryia na baadaye Babilonia na baadaye Misri. Hii ni kwa sababu mahekalu ya Elephantine yalikuwa yanafafana kwa kiasi kikubwa mno na majengo ya hekalu la Shiloh yaliyojengwa huko Falme ya kaskazini na hayo makabila kumi.

Elephantine temple liliharibiwa na Misri mwaka 410KK na hapo ndipo wana wa Israeili wakasambaratika tena. Huko Aljeria mwaka wa 5 (5AD/BK) wanahistoria kwa hoja na vielelezo wanasema kuwa Waisraeli walifika huko, “Tamentil” mji wa Waisraeli ambapo walipanda na kuvuna michikichi na mawese (je huko kwenu kuna mahali kuna michikichi na mawese?) pia walijenga vijiji. Walikuwa ni watu wenye kumiliki mali, utajiri (rejea Mansa Mussa tajiri mashuhuri duniani) mashujaa na waliishi na kuwepo hadi mwaka 1437(swali kwani historia hii ya miaka nyuma ya karne 16 inafichwa linaweza kuibuka), kabla ya kuvamiwa na Wahamaji (Nomads) Waarabu ikiwa ni pamoja na kuporwa mali zao. Kulifanyika mauaji makubwa sana mwaka 1492 ambayo yalifanya watu kuzikwa kwenye makaburi mengi, Waarabu waliua karibia kuwamaliza kabisa. Ushahidi wa makaburi yao uko huko Tuat-Guara.

Mabaki ya Elephantine

Cyrene, Libya mwaka 125BK Waisraeli wali kimbia dhidi ya uliokuwa uvamizi wa kidhalimu wa Warumi na kwenda huko Libya, vita ile ilikuwa maarufu kwa jina la “Roman Jews War”. Kisa ikiwa ni kuanzisha taifa la Kiebrania ila Warumi waliwafukuza na kuwasogeza huku Arika (Ndio sisi). Wazungu kwa aibu na wizi wa historia hawawezi kukuambia ukweli wote wa haya na ndio maana wamefanya mbinu kwa masharti ya kuondoa historia ya mtu mweusi, kwa kupanga mitaala na nchi nyingi za Afrika zikaondoa mitaala ya Historia kwa ngazi ya msingi (na historia kubwa tunayosoma ni kuanzia miaka ya 1600, 1800 na sasa). Tunatakiwa kusikia aibu kwa kukataa historia yetu wenyewe kwa mapokeo ya kiimani!

Ukisoma juu ya habari ya Ghana utaona maajabu na uwezo wetu sisi kama Waisraeli; mwaka 300BK, “The Za Dynasty” karibia miaka 200 baada ya kufukuzwa kutoka Yerusalemu baadhi ya Waisraeli walianza kuanzisha taifa zao huko Yemeni. Ambapo baadaye walihamia Timbuktu Afrika kwenye kitovu cha ustaarabu wa dunia ya kale. Za el Yemen ilikaliwa na kuanzishwa na hawa Waisraeli ikiwepo Falme ya kale ya Ghana na hii The Za Dynasty ambao walikuwa jamaa wa Wafalme wa Israeli. Asikudanganye mtu tena kwamba hawa wa sasa ni Waisraeli!.

Makazi ya Wayahudi Weusi Mto Nile

Eneo hili kwa sasa linaitwa Mali, ambapo watu wake ni miongoni mwa makabila kumi ya Israeli waliopotea mwaka 722KK na hawa Assyrians (2Wafalme 17:6).na hii wanazuoni wa biblia wanalifahamu ila hawasemi ukweli wote, wanadonoa na kukaa kimya. Ukisoma maandiko matakatifu Isaya 52:4 Walikuwa wanafuata sheria za Mussa (Torah) na wala sio “Talmud”. Mwaka 600 eneo hili lilitekwa na kutwaliwa na Waislam hapo ndipo kuzaliwa kwa biashara ya Sahara kupitia Ghana. Biashara ile ilifanya eneo lile kuwa tajiri sana na kwa mwaka 1000BK Wafalme Waisraeli wa Ghana walibadili dini na kuwa Waislamu ilikufanya biashara kati yao na wafanyabiashara wa Arabia kuwa nzuri na rahisi (Walianza kumsahau mungu wao). Mali ilikuja kuwa “Songhay Empire” wakati wa Sonni Ali ambaye alikuja kuwa Mfalme wa mwisho katika zama za Wafalme. Mfalme Sonni Ali akuwa mmoja wa Wafalme, japo alibadili dini na kuwa Mwislamu aliendelea kuwa mtiifu katika sheria za Musa. Ufalme uliisha baada ya miaka 1200 ambapo ilikuwa 1492.

Endelea..

JE WEWE NI NANI?-2b

2017-07-31T20:39:00.002-07:00

Wewe kama mwafrika-2b

Ukisoma Katika bibia takatifu utagundua kuwa ilifahamika toka mwanzo juu ya fitina na kutolewa wasia wakutokukubali kudanganywa na watu wakidai kuwa wao ndio yeye (Luka 21:8-9). Rejea juu ya habari ya Cesare Borgia aliyekuwa mwanasiasa mashughuri wa Roma miaka ya 1475-1507. Ambapo kuna tetesi kuwa picha ya sasa ya Yesu ilitokana na sura yake, Dumas, “Celebrated crimes (The Borgias)”, vol 1.

Cesare Borgia

Utajiuliza ni kwanini watu wa Swahili hawakuuzwa kama watumwa, je walikua na nguvu sana, kwanini dini ya kikristu haikusambaa sana huko na Zanzibari, jibu ni kwamba walikubali kuingia Katika Uislam na kuwekwa kama kaka na dada wa Waarabu. Hii ni baada ya miaka mingi kupita kwa aliyekuwa mfalme wa Zanzibar wakati ule, walipofika Waarabu kwa mara ya kwanza huko Pwani kufanya biashara, kumfikisha Oman na kumfanya mtumwa kasha kumfundisha dini. Baadae alifanikiwa kutoroka na kurudi tena nyumbani. Hadi haya yote yanatokea ni baada ya miaka mingi kupita kwa wana hawa wa Israeli kutafuta nafuu ya kupona dhidi ya utumwa.

Mnamo tarehe 2/7/1706, (hutaambiwa na kanisa Katoliki juu ya hili) huko Kongo, Katika utawala wa Mbaza binti wa miaka 22 alizikwa akiwa hai kwa mapinduzi dhidi ya biashara ya utumwa jina lake alikuwa anaitwa Kimpa Vita. Alikuwa mwanamke shupavu na jasiri; husanisha na maandiko (Yeremia 5:25-26) wakati wa kuwateka Wayahudi weusi kuwa watumwa huko Kongo na sehemu zote za Afrika walikokuwepo. ikiwa ni ajenda ya kuwaadhibu Misri na Yuda (Sira 33:15). Athabu kwa wote waliotahiriwa na wasio tahiriwa wote ambao wamepitia Katika mapito (wilderness).

Soma andiko hili Yeremia 9:25-26, “tazama siku zinakuja, asema Bwana nitakapo waadhibu wote waliotahiriwa katika hali yao ya kutokutahiriwa; Misri na Yuda na Edomu na wana wa Amoni na Moabu na wote wenye kunyoa denge, wakaao nyikani; maana mataifa hayo yoe hayana tohara, wala nyumba yote ya Israeli hawakutahiriwa mioyo yao”. Unaweza jiuliza swali la haraka kwanini jina “Tanganyika”? je linaendana na watu walio itwa wakaao nyikani? Hakika hao ndio. Kumbuka wana hao wote waliotaja hapo ni wana wa Ham ambaye ni baba wa watu weusi. Endelea kusoma Ezekia 30:26, “nami nitawatawanya Wamisri kati ya mataifa nakuwatapanya kati ya nchi mbalimbali; nao watajua yakuwa mimi ndimi BWANA”.

Wanazuoni wa biblia wanajua kwa hoja kuwa Misri ni Waebrania ambao ni watu weusi wana wa Ham; pia jamii inayozungumzwa hapa ni Waisraeli ambao ni Waafrika. Prof Louis Losley Marselin mtaalamu wa Arts anaeleza kuwa waafrika wana aina nyingi ya Sanaa akitolea aina tofauti ya musiki ambapo ni asili pia ya wana wa Israeli, ikiwa ni pamoja na siri ya muingiliano wa lugha za Kibantu. Swali kwanini hadi sasa Kongo mambo si shwari? Na kwanini Wazungu bado wapo hapo? (Zekaria 1:21) ndio jibu. Ambapo Kongo Bena Yahounde wanasadikiwa kuwa ni wayahudi (Judah) ambao wametokea Katika Jamhuri ya Dominika. Neno Yahounde ni sawa na neno Jews. Nao wanaamini kuwa Roho wa Bwana ndiye aliyewapatia ala mbalimbali za muziki(Wakongo ni mashughuli sana kwa muziki) pitia (Sefania 3:10-11). Nchi iliyo mbali na mito ya Kushi ni Kongo unga na rwanda na burundi ya leo.

Ukisoma Abbe Proyart, “History of Loango, Kakongo and N’goyo” 1776, (uk. 592-593) waliandika Wabantu ndio wanandugu na Negros kwa Afrika, ikisema Wakongo waliondoka Israeli na lugha yao bado inaa maneno ya Kiebrania, Kigiriki na Kilatini (John 19:20).

Najua kwamba hadi hapa utakuwa tayari unamejiuliza, “kwanini tunachukiwa hivi?” soma (Ezekia 35:5). Ukisoma Obadia 1:10-11, laana ya Waafrika kuwauza Waafrika wenzao kama watumwa nakukatwa kwa viungo kwa ndugu hao. Mfalme Leopold wa Ufaransa ndiye anayeongoza kwa kuua watu wengi duniani na alikuwa akiitawala Kongo, aliiua Zaidi ya 10 milioni ya Waisraeli(Wakongo). What a shame Europeans! Ambaye alisema kuwa watu wake hao wataitwa kwa “jina lake” KONGO (H2289), THE BELT, ukweli upo kwenye (2 M Nyakati 7:14), “ikiwa watu wangu walioitwa kwa jina langu watajinyenyekesha, na kuomba na kunitafuta uso, na kuziacha njia zao mbaya; basi nitasikia kutoka mbinguni, nakuwasamehe dhambi yao na kuiponya nchi yao”. Sio kwa jina la Mfalme huyo. Nasema tena, “Shame on you!”

Endelea..

JE WEWE NI NANI?-2

2017-07-30T20:01:00.001-07:00

Wewe kama mwafrika

Ham akiwa na nduguze(Watoto wa Nuhu)

Utajiuliza kuwa kwanini Katika historia ya mwafrika tumejikita sana kuanzia biashara ya utumwa, biashara ya kupitia jangwa la Sahara nk. Utajua kuwa kuna siri kubwa inafichwa nyuma ya pazia. Tuchimbe kuanzia enzi ya Nuhu, mototo wake wa nane aliyeitwa “Ham”ambaye kwa mujibu wa “Book of Genesis” ndiye baba wa Watu Weusi. Ham alikuwa na watoto, kwa majina walikuwa wanaitwa:

Kushi (Utawala wa Kushi, Sudani ya kale), ambaye alikuwa kaka wa Kanani
Kanani(Canaan) wa Kanani(ndio Kanani ile tunayoimba kutoka misri kwenda Kanani),
Mizraimu (wa Misri) ambaye ndiye Waebrania na Aramaic na
Phut( wa Libya) ambapo ukisoma kwenye kitabu cha (Nahumu 3:1-18) kinaeleza juu ya kujengwa kwa taifa la Libya.

Swali ni kwanini Katika kamusi ya biblia ya Zendervan wamewaacha Negroes Wamarekani, je sio weusi?

Jua kwamba kulikuwa na Waafrika wa asili Katika Afrika(Native Africans) na kuna Waafrika ambao ni Wayahudi(Black Jews) mfano kabila la Igbo. Hawa ndio wale ambao pia wamesambaa na kuenea Katika Afrika ya Mashariki pia. Waingereza walikuwa moja kati ya wanunuaji wakubwa wa watumwa hadi pale walipo acha biashara hii mwaka 1807, na biashara hiyo kushika kasi kwa Wareno na Wahispania kuwa vinara wa biashara hiyo na mateka wengi waliouzwa kama watumwa ni watu wa kabila la Igbo (Prof. Eltis, D. na Prof. Richardson, D., “Atlas of transatlantic slave trade” pg. 127). Ndio hao ambao pia wamepelekwa Amerika na kupewa jina la Negros. Na hao wote ni wana wa Israeli pia.

Biashara ya Utumwa ya Waisraeli Weusi

Ukisoma (Yoeli 3:4 “Naam, nanyi ni kitu gani kwangu, enyi Tairo na Sidoni, nan chi zote za Filisti? Je mtanirudishia malipo? Au mtanitenda neno lolote? Upesi na kwa haraka nitarudishia malipo yenu juu ya vichwa vyenu wenyewe.”) Tairo na Sidoni hizi ni nchi za asili ya Lebanoni ambazo huko nyuma inasemekana zilikuwa zinakaliwa na Watu weusi wa Kiyahudi. Ambapo ukiendelea mbele (Yoeli 3:5) wizi na uporaji uliotokea kwa Waisraeli wa silva na dhahabu pamoja na vitu vizuri vya waisraeli ikiwa pamoja na kuuzwa kwa watoto wa Yuda(Wayahudi Weusi) na watoto wa Yerusalemu kwa Wayunani(Greece). Ili waondolewe nakutupwa mali ya mipaka yao. Amapo hapo kwenye (Yoeli 3:8) Mungu anasema juu y adhabu itakayowapata waliowavamia Wayaudi weusi na Wayerusalemu, kwamba watatawaliwa na watu wa mbali kabisa watu wa Sheba(Waethipia). Na kweli Wataliano walipigwa na Waethipia wakati walipotaka kuwatawala.

Je Misri ya leo kwanini si waafrika kama unavyosema nani Waarabu na Mashariki ya kati waliopo ni Waarabu na Wazungu? Jibu ni jepesi kwamba hadi sasa Waisraeli hawajarudi Katika nchi yao, kwani maandiko yanasema kuwa watakaporudi wana wa mji hakutakuwa na machafuko. Angalia yanayoendelea. Hao ni akina nani? Hao ni warumi wanao jidai kuwa Waisraeli.

Utagundua kuwa jamii ya watu wa Ngoni ni wahanga wa machafuko yale. Swali la msingi haaa ni kwamba kwanini baada ya uvamizi wa Wazungu (Wadachi kusini mwa afrika) wahamiaji walizidi kwa kasi kubwa kwa miaka hiyo ya 16? Historia inatuambia kuwa watu wa mashariki ya Afrika walitoka kutoka Magharibi mwa Afrika! Ulishajiuliza kwa nini kutoka Magharibi mwa afrika? Turudi Katika maandiko matakatifu juu ya eneo ambalo Wamisri waliwapa Waisraeli kuishi; kusini mwa Misri huko Waisraeli waliendelea kuenzi tamaduni zao.

Sisi ni akina nani? Majibu ya mwanzo ya swali hili embu tuangalie kwenye biblia (Wim 1:5), “Mimi ni mweusi-mweusi, lakini ninao mzuri, enyi binti za Yerusalemu, mfano wa hema za kedari, kama mapazia yake Sulemani.” Mfalme Sulemani alikuwa mtu mweusi. Sisi ni Waisraeli!

Endelea mbele...

JE WEWE NI NANI?-1

2017-07-30T16:40:00.000-07:00

Utangulizi

Kabla ya kufanya uchambuzi huu wa wazi na kujikita ndani kabisa kuna mambo ya msingi ya kujiuliza kabla ya kuchimba Zaidi, kwanza fahamu kwamba kutafuta ukweli juu ya jamii yako au dini yako sio dhambi ni moja kati ya njia ya kujitambua na kumwamini Mungu wako wa Kweli. Kama unawasiwasi sana naomba ujikaze na uwe tayari kujibu maswali haya.

Watu Weusi wakifanya kazi kama watumwa Misri

Unajua nini juu ya jamii yako kama mwafrika?
Kabla ya biashara ya utumwa wazazi wako walikuwa wa asili hiyo uliyoko?
Je Katika jamii yako kuna watu ambao walikuwa wanafanya kazi za ubunifu kama kutengeneza zana za Kilimo, kufua chuma nk?
Je jamii uliyoko unajua nini juu ya mababu wako?
Je unafahamu kizazi cha nne nyuma ya hiki ulichopo?
Je Mababu zako walikuwa wanamwabudu Mungu yupi kabla ya wakoloni?
Je majina ya asili yako kwanini huyatumii kama unayatumia kwanini una jina la kizungu?
Je kwanini katika historia tunayosoma mashuleni inazungumzia kuanzia karne ya 16 kwa Afrika wote na karne ya 18 kwa Tanganyika?
Je Katika biblia tumezungumzwa wapi Katika kizazi cha Nuhu na watoto wa Yakobo?
Je tuna vinasaba na Waisraeli?
Je ipi ilikuwa Misri ya mwanzo wakati ule wa Abrahamu hadi Mussa?
Kwanini Waisraeli waliuzwa kama watumwa?
Kwanini Waafrika waliuzwa kama watumwa?
Je kama kweli tuna mahusiano na Black americans/Negroes kwanini waliitwa Negros?
Je Negros wko Marekani tu?
Kwanini watanzania wengi wanafanana na wanigeria na waghana?
Kwanini vita ya majimaji ili chukuwa muda mrefu?
Je ni kweli kwamba Mkwawa alijiua?
Kwanini waafrika waliwauza waafrika wenzao kama watumwa?
Kwanini historia inasema kuwa tumetokea kutoka magharibi mwa Afrika?
Kwanini historia inafichwa?

Kwa maswali hayo baadhi unaweza kugundua kuwa moja kati ya sii kubwa zinazofichwa ni juu ya historia ya mtu mweusi (Waafrika). Tukutane kwenye andiko la pili. Inabidi kuandika kwa kifupi ili tusichoke kujua ukwe huu ukubwa ambao naenda kukuandikia.

Endelea sehemu ya pili

Uhafidhina ni nini?-1

2017-07-28T06:26:00.003-07:00

Uhafidhina

Ni falsafa ya kisiasa inayolenga kulinda, kusimamia na kufuata mila, desturi na taratibu za jamii au taifa fulani. Siasa za kihafidhina zinalenga hasa kujenga utaifa kwa kufuata sheria, tamaduni na katiba ya taifa. Masuala kama kukemea ubadhirifu, ufisadi, uonevu, unyanyasaji uvunjaji wa sheria na katiba ni moja kati ya shughuli zao. Kwa kingereza wahafidhina wanaitwa “conservatives” na uhafidhina unaitwa “conservatism” au “conservativism”. Kwa Tanzania CHADEMA ndio chama kinachofuata falsafa hii, ndio maana unaona wanavyopigana kulinda na kutetea haki za Wananchi.

Baadhi ya Upotoshaji uliopo Tanzania juu ya Uhafidhina:

Mwaka 2013 tarehe 20 Novemba gazeti la MWANANCHI lilipata kuandika makala yenye kichwa cha habari, “Mgombea binafsi mwisho wa uhafidhina”. Nadhani mwandishi walishindwa kupata neno linalofaa. Mwandishi pasi kuangalia maana nzima ya neno “uhafidhina” amejikita katika kueleza mabadiliko ya katiba ya Zanzibar, ufutwaji wa vyama vingi mwaka 1964 kisha kurudi mwaka 1992. Kwa ufafanuzi ni kwamba wahafidhina ndio hao wanaolilia hilo jambo la mgombea binafsi kwa kuzingatia dhana ya kuwepo kwa haki hiyo huko nyuma. Pia ndio waliopigania kurudi kwa mfumo wa vyama vingi mwaka 1992.
Tarehe 30/11/2015 katika mtandao wa Mzalendo, waliandika makala yenye kichwa cha habari, “Tuendelee kufaidi matunda ya Uhafidhina”. Mada hii unaweza kuona kwamba inaeleza mema yatokanayo kwayo, la hasha! Mwandishi anaanza kwa kuandika, “Haikushangaza tokea awali kuwa uhafidhina unalindwa,....” akiwa ana maana ya kwamba siasa za upinzani hasa CHADEMA zilikuwa zinalindwa!. Mwandishi anajianika kwa kueleza kuwa Zanzibar iendelee kufaidi matunda ya uhafidhina, ambapo kimtazamo uchaguzi ule ulikuwa na elementi za siasa za kihafidhina kwa upande wa CUF chini ya UKAWA. Kwa kifupi mwandishi hajui au anajua maana ya uhafidhina ila amejikita kupotosha watu.
Tarehe 12/6/2014, Issa Michuzi katika blogu yake kupitia mwandishi Maalum wa NY, aliandika chapisho lenye kichwa cha habari, “Tuwaepuke vijana wetu na Uhafidhina - Naibu waziri Silima”. Hii ikiwa ni kumnukuu aliyekuwa naibu waziri wa nishati Mh Silima. Katika andiko hilo alifananisha uhafidhina na matukio ya kigaidi yanayoendelea duniani kwa mwaka ule. Ambapo alitafsiri vibaya maneno ya Mh Silima kwamba, “kaika nchi nyingi za Afrika ongezeko la idadi kubwa ya vijana wasio na ajira kunatoa mwanya mkubwa kwao kurubuniwa na makundi yenye itikadi kali”. Mwandishi Maalum ni mnafiki! Vyema kunyambua kuwa kuna hatari kubwa kweli juu ya vijana kukosa ajira ila si kusema kuwa Uhafidhina ni hatari, Hell no!

Elimu

Katika andiko la Mwanakijiji, Jamii Forums aliandika chapisho lenye kichwa cha habari “Uhafidhina ni nini hasa? Maana yake inapotoshwa...” akiwa haja toa majibu ya swali lake la msingi ila aligusia mambo mbalimbali ikiwemo kuzungumzwa kwa neno hilo wakati wa sakata ndani ya CHADEMA mwaka 2013. Maswali yake katika andiko lake yamebakia kuwa wazi hadi sasa ni napo anza kutoa maoni yangu na kueleza nini hasa maana ya Uhafidhina na Wahafidhina.

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