Influence of Technology on society

SOME REASONS WHY STARTUPS FAIL AND STRATEGIES FOR GROWTH AND SUSTAINABILITY

2020-06-14T21:41:00.001+05:30

-An article by Adebayo Anthony

Instagram id @tonybayo_

90% of startups fail. This is the hard and blunt truth, but one every entrepreneur should be aware of. Because we all need a dose of reality now and then to keep our head straight. Cold statistics like this are not made public to discourage aspiring entrepreneurs, but to encourage them to work harder and smarter.

There are numerous reasons why startups fail and it would be impossible to list all in this article, so rather I’ll point out just a few very common reasons why startups fail to scale through the early stages of their life cycle.

1. Not Solving a Big Enough Problem:

Now the problem might be one that affects only 40% of the people in a particular region, but the entrepreneur has to ensure it’s a problem that 40% desperately need a solution to. The greatest mistake you can make as a startup is to create a product that doesn’t solve a big enough problem. Such that your prospective customers could still live with the problem or worse come up with a solution to solve it themselves.

If the pain point isn’t significant enough, there’s no need creating painkillers for it. Basically if you have to convince people that the problem you’re solving is actually a problem. Then your startup is already in trouble.

2. Unbalanced Composition of Team Members:

“The first five employees will make or break the startup” – Oliver Holle.

Having an unbalanced team with regards to the competencies of the individual members often infringes on the growth of the company.

In most cases there is lack of important skills needed for the technical implementation of the idea or lack of team members with good management skills.

The founder of NOUNCER attributes the failure of his startup to the fact that he did not have a partner who balanced him and provided plausible checks for business and technological decisions.

3. No Business Plan or Poor Planning:

Many small businesses believe that business plans aren’t too useful. To them looking beyond a year is too great an opportunity cost, better to spend time making money than planning.

A business plan forces you to define your Unique Value Proposition (UVP) – what differentiates your product from its competitors.

Maintaining a sustainable business model requires setting yourself apart from the competitors.

Without coming up with aan appropriate plan, most lack the yardstick by which to measure the progress of their business and hence are unable to pinpoint areas that need to be reassessed or fail to notice in time when the business starts operating below expected objectives.

4. Unsustainable Growth:

Business growth and expansion Is always welcome, in fact that’s the whole essence of a business, except when it happens too quickly. Too much business growth can be bad for startups. In business, slow and steady wins the race most of the time.

While expansion is always welcome, what smart business managers and entrepreneurs should strive for is “controlled expansion”. Trying to take on more business than you can handle usually results in quality decline. You are overwhelmed and your product or service suffers.

Sometimes saying no is part of running a business. Rapid growth is only welcome when it doesn’t affect your product quality.

Let’s turn our attention to some strategies that aid the growth and sustainability of startups.

1. Do the opposite of all the mistakes mentioned above, especially the first one. Look for a very significant problem to solve. If you’ve actually tried to find a solution to a problem and been unable to, you may be on the right track.

In the words of Selin Sonmez (Founder of Knock Knock City), “When you find yourself wishing for a solution to a recurring problem, go create the solution”.

2. Identify Your Ideal Customers:

Without a clear understanding of your audience, you are most likely to iterate on the wrong product enhancements, construct the wrong marketing messages and more. These miscalculations can cost any startup a lot of money. Before creating a product or service its important you draw up a clear picture of your ideal customers.

3. Monitor Your Competition:

Keeping an eye on the competition is useful for certain reasons. They may have already solved the challenges you’re facing, therefore monitoring your competition might bring you closer to success. Sometimes you might discover your product sadly isn’t as good as your competition. At that point you are forced to improve quickly or get pushed out of business.

Fail to monitor the competition and you might be another WESABE. Wesabe is a Personal Financial startup that did not monitor the competition. Though the startup was first to market. Mint, another financial startup offered a better user experience and innovated its way to the top.

Wesabe never recovered.

4. Constantly Review Your Business Model:

One of the most important things to do after starting a business is constantly checking whether you are achieving your business goals or not.

Also make a revised model and update your goals if you feel they are becoming outdated.

Regularly inform your team about the updated goals and expectation.

Create a strategy that is likely to get the business to the heights you want and never hesitate to change the strategy if you see that it’s not working out.

These strategies will be helpful in providing the much-needed boost for the growth and sustainability of businesses as well as helping them walk toe-to-toe with competition.

ARTICLE WRITER

Adebayo Anthony

Marketing Consultant

Graphic Designer|Digital Marketer | Content Creator

Obsessed with Growth and Self Development

Official Email Id : tonybayoofflcial@gmail.com

this article is published in techinflu.blogspot.com

Tech_Influencer

Social Media: The Goldmine We’ve All Been Sitting On.

2020-06-03T13:46:00.001+05:30

Social Media: The Goldmine We’ve All Been Sitting On.

-Adebayo Anthony

Hello! Here’s our follow-up article on digital marketing, sorry it took more time than we initially planned for. I’ll be sharing some insights on the global phenomenon- SOCIAL MEDIA. On the title it’s referred to as a goldmine and we’ll find out why as we go on.

As usual, in this article I’ll make my best attempt at answering three of some of the most asked questions relating to social media.

But first a little introduction to highlight a few details.

Social media is a means of interaction among people in which they CREATE, SHARE and EXCHANGE information and ideas in virtual communities and networks.

As at April 17, 2020 more than 4.5 billion people use the internet. Active social media users have passed the 3.8 billion mark.

3.8 BILLION!!! More than half the world’s population. That’s not all, as at 2019 Facebook’s ad revenue stood at to $69.7 billion. Now imagine how much revenue the businesses that ran these ads would have generated over that time, we’re talking only Facebook though.

Let’s dig deep and answer some questions.

● Is Social Media the new market?

Read this question and look at the figures representing active social media users. There’s your answer.

Social media has come a long way from being a luxury, it has evolved to become a necessity these days. Company’s and basically all brands must keep an eye on the latest trend in order to tap the potential of the wide social media spectrum.

Our daily activities and social interactions are becoming dependent on social media. This is not limited to people who are living in the most advanced countries but in the less technologically advanced as well.

For individual users, social media may be entertaining and simply used for interacting with friends or listening to music or get the trending topics worldwide. But for businesses it goes beyond just connecting. We can simply call it the “Virtual Marketplace”.

To succeed in any business, you have to take the business to people, social media has a become a religion for most and is an integral part of our lives, so businesses have to rework their marketing strategies with social media at the forefront.

● How has Social Media affected businesses?

Social media affects the way customers perceive a business brand. Before social media became a phenomenon, most customers considered businesses to be impersonal entities. But in recent times, social media has opened up a new dialogue between businesses and their customers. With these developments businesses have to leverage proper social media channels in the best possible way in order to attract and retain customers.

Let’s take a look at these statistics:

》 90% of all marketers say social media has increased their business exposure.

》91% of retail brands are using at least two social media platforms.

》84% of CEOs and VPs say they use social media to help make purchasing decisions.

》 Customers report spending 20%-40% more money on brands that have interacted with them on social media.

》 77% of millennials report making a purchase either online or in-store after seeing a product on Facebook.

These statistics show just how powerful a tool social media can be in helping businesses reach prospects and customers. Your customers are already interacting with brands through social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Pinterest. If you’re not there as a business owner, you’re totally missing out on all the treasures in plain sight.

Its rather simple, businesses have been put in a position where they have to innovate and integrate social media into their marketing activities or face losing their customers.

● Which social media platform is best for business?

There’s no doubt social media is a necessary tool for businesses, but starting can be difficult. Simple acts like choosing the right platform can be more complicated than you think. There are a ton of social media networks to choose from but you can start by narrowing it down to the most popular and widely used platforms, from there you can determine which platform will give the right exposure you’re looking for with the right audience.

Start by defining your goals, it’s important to have specific goals before moving forward. Your goals will help determine the platform you choose, the content you create and the audience you target.

Determine the channels your audience are already using. The whole point of social media marketing is to put in direct contact with most appropriate audience, so it’s advisable to analyze which platforms your audience prefers and seek them out on those platforms. You can use surveys and other internet research tools to get the information you need.

Finally, examine the content you create. Different types of contents work better with certain social media platforms, so it’s important to consider the type of content you like to create that works best with your brand. Instagram for instance is majorly focuses on pictures and YouTube on videos.

The type of content you create will depend on your industry, your brand and your target audience.

After that, pair your goals, audience and content with the right platform.

Once you’ve settled on the goals you want to achieve with social media, determined where your audience is hanging out and concluded on the type of content that works best for you. You can then go through and compare the different social media platforms to determine which one will meet your needs.

In order to harness the opportunities in this goldmine, you must take three simple steps.

CREATE, SHARE AND EXCHANGE.

Create valuable and relevant content, leverage on the organic and highly populated virtual marketplace, and finally monetize by exchanging your goods and services or ideas for an appropriate price.

Social media statistics from top platforms;

Facebook - 2.5 billion monthly active users.

Instagram - 1 billion monthly active users.

Twitter - 330 million monthly active users.

Pinterest - 300 million monthly active users.

LinkedIn - 303 million monthly active users.

YouTube - 2 billion monthly active users.

Snapchat - 350 million monthly active users.

TikTok - 500 million monthly active users.

10 Things You Should Know Before You Try Coding

2020-06-01T14:25:00.001+05:30

Learning to code is not at all easy. You may find many websites that try to push people into coding by citing it as an easytrade to master. However, it is one of the hardest skills to gather and excel at. It is more of an experimentation than a guide that needs to be followed.

As a beginner, you may want to know what the journey holds, or what it’s like to progress from beginner to intermediate level. Learning experiences may vary from person to person, and you are completely free to choose your own path.

Here are 10 things you should know before you start programming. Knowing these points will give you a head start of what to expect, and how to approach programming.

1. Get the basics right

When you start learning, the first thing you need to be sure of are the“basics”. It is the first step of becoming a coding ninja.

To get the basics right, you need to learn the core of computer science, just like any other trade you will come across. There are currently hundreds of online courses aimed at beginners. Clearly, the internet cares about beginners, and provide tons of information — a beginner’s heaven!

All you need to do is search through them, and start with one that the best fits your requirements.

A proper understanding can give you an advantage early in the path of learning to code.

There are also courses available online that can help get you started like

2. Build patience

The number one prerequisite for being successful as a programmer is building patience. Patience can let you take blows to your chin yet still be able to stand up – like a ninja! It makes you ready for disappointments.

Not to mention, patience can help you become a better problem-solver, and improve your understanding of computers.

Computer concepts are complex and require resilience, patience, and hard work to understand. Most of the time, beginners don’t have the right expectations when starting their programming journey. Yes, you don’t come with all the power at the beginning. Too much optimism is dangerous anyways.

Due to faulty expectations, too many beginners just give up, and move to another trade. To counter this, you should build patience, and always think of the end goal.

3. Set a goal & move towards it

Goal-setting can be a powerful, motivational booster on your path to learning to code. If you are planning, for example, to learn PHP, then set a goal to do a simple project by the end of the week. Once the goal is achieved, set another goal, and repeat the cycle. Yes, it is that easy!

There is no end to learning and improvement in programming, and that’s why it is a good idea to keep setting goals, and not to lose track of your primary goal.

So, as a learner, what goals you can aim for? Let’s quickly go through some sample goals:

Build a calculator using CSS and JavaScript
Create a responsive website using HTML, CSS and JavaScript
Create a dynamic website using any back-end programming languages, such as PHP, Ruby, Python, etc.
Create a 2D breakout game using pure JavaScript

You can also choose to do any project of your liking. Who doesn’t have a unique taste after all? I bet you do!

The goal should be achievable, so don’t try to focus on building Facebook or creating a fully-featured game at this particular moment. Try to move slowly, and then aim for bigger and more complex projects as you progress further.

4. Do more projects

By doing more projects, you can understand not only your limitations, but also improve your analytical and problem-solving skills. After all, learning to code is not all about learning syntax, but about learning how to solve problems using the tools at your hand.

Programming also requires a creative outlook, and a plan to build something meaningful. For beginners, it is tough to get access to projects ideas. You can gain new ideas from platforms such as Livecoding where engineers build products live. Watch people do amazing stuff live. Ain’t that exciting?

You can also sign up for GitHub, a place where you can store your code for easy access. You can try to find project ideas by going through other public repositories for the programming language you are learning.

5. Get into social coding

Learning to code is never a solo quest. If you are thinking of building the next big app without any help, then you are in the wrong trade.

Programming is a group activity, and if you want to survive, you need to get help from different social platforms catering to programmers just like you.

Check out GitHub, StackOverFlow, Livecoding, or any other social coding site to find a suitable community for yourself.

Each of the communities mentioned above has its own perks, and will help you improve your skills. For example, you can explore public project repositories on GitHub.

Another good example is Livecoding, where you can see other people code their projects live, giving you an idea of the challenges a programmer faces while working on a project.

6. Balance your learning

As a developer, there is no end to improvement, and the continued state of helplessness is just part of being a developer. New technology releases also don’t let developers relax, as they have to constantly upgrade their skills to meet the latest market requirement. As a beginner, you need to always be ready to learn new things.

The number of possibilities doesn’t help the cause either, as you can always find an experienced developer who is unsure of his/her skills because of the constant influx of new tools, technologies, and standards to follow.

So, what can you take away from this? It is okay to not know everything that is out there. Whatever it is that you know, that’s okay. As long as you never stop learning new things, you’ll never go wrong.

Ok, what’s next?

You started learning, and now you have crossed the beginners’ tunnel. Now, you might be thinking, “What’s next”? Is this the end? Or is there something that you can still achieve?

As we have already mentioned, programming is endless learning. You can continue your learning experience by following the next four tips.

1. Learn algorithms

After you have gained some experience doing projects, it is now time to move to algorithms. Algorithms constitute the core of computer science. It doesn’t matter if you are doing web development or game development, you are always using algorithms to achieve the end-result.

With increased proficiency in Algorithms, you can take your skills to new heights. Algorithmic thinking can also help you land your first job, as most job interviews are based on algorithms and problem-solving. Aim to solve at least one algorithm problem each day, and keep your problem-solving skills top-notch.

So, where do you start learning algorithms? You can start doing online courses for algorithms, or use platforms such as HackerRank.

2. Take advantage of code documentation

Code documentations help you learn about the programming language or framework or library you are using. They are rich with information about that particular topic, and can help you learn faster!

As a beginner, you need not be intimidated by them as they are your best friend when it comes to learning. Get started slowly, and learn how to read code documentation. They can be intimidating at times, so always keep Google as your rescue boat.

3. Get used to tools

Just like any other trade, tools can help you do trivial things faster than usual. It doesn’t matter which programming language or framework you are learning, take advantage of the available toolset.

Tools can also help you automate most of the manual work, and enable you to focus on the main problem. For instance, you should get used to tools such as Git, Slack, code editors, Chrome DevTools, programming frameworks (both frontend and backend), and others.

4. Get a mentor

Programming can be a time-consuming task if you don’t have a mentor. With the help of the mentor, you can save not only your time, but also get value from the experiences your mentor possesses. A mentor can easily guide you through projects, and help you become a better programmer.

So if you are starting to learn programming, getting a mentor can help you hasten your learning process. You can get a mentor locally, or try out an online code mentorship program as well.

Final words

You have made the best decision of your life — to learn programming! One of the biggest thing you should focus on is to get into a hub, a circle or a social platformwhere you can find like-minded people.

Once you are comfortable with your skills, you might want to earn money as well. There are many online platforms, such as Upwork and Freelancer, that offer freelance work for programmers.

With a real-life project, not only can you learn new things, but you can also learn to utilize your skills. Alternatively, you can look for job opportunities within your peer group, and maybe help them with their projects!

Already started? Share your experiencewith beginners, and help them take on the world of coding.

Editor’s note: This is written forHongkiat.com by Damian Wolf. Damian is an author and tech enthusiast with articles published on publication like DZone, InfoWorld, Tech.Co,Tech_influencer and more. He loves trying out new things: apps, software, trends and will gladly share his views.

Data Science and Its Rising Importance In Cybersecurity [Big Data Analytics]

2020-05-29T22:01:00.001+05:30

Data Science & Cybersecurity - what is big data analytics? Why is machine learning applications so important? Why did InfoSec Professionals require to learn about DS? What to know about "data bots" as a data science professional? Differences in data science vs machine learning? How to crack cybersecurity jobs with data science advantage?

DS is a multi-sided field that uses scientific techniques, methods, algorithms, and security practices to extract information and insights.

With the help of DS tools such as Machine Learning and Big Data Analytics, businesses can now get access to meaningful insights hidden within massive data-sets.

This is where DS can help create a significant and lasting impact.

DS and cybersecurity, two of the most popular career paths, are on a collision course. Very intelligent, seasoned, senior managers do not fully understand the importance, or the complexities, of DS and cybersecurity. "There's a mad rush in the cyber security solutions space to use the terms machine learning, analytics, and DS in conjunction with security products. The CERT Data Science and Cybersecurity Symposium highlighted advances in DS, reviewed government use cases, and demonstrated related tools. Applied DS for Cyber Security. In today's world, we are assailed by ever-increasing amounts of data and increasingly sophisticated attacks. The programme is designed to build students' knowledge and develop their expertise in network security, cryptography, DS, and big data analytics. The NACE Center and BHEF conducted research into two skills likely to be important in the future economy: data analytics and cybersecurity skills. A data scientist is a professional with a blend of skills in computer science, mathematics and cybersecurity domain expertise. Cyber Security is a fast-growing field in an ever-interconnected world. Learn why it matters and what data science has to do with it. Data science, along with technologies such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, has found its way into countless security products. Leading experts in the fields of data science and cybersecurity discussing a range of topics related to the role -DS has in addressing the issues.

The section of knowledge will illustrate the inter-relationship between several data management, analytics and decision support techniques and methods commonly adopted in. With automation and AI able to pick up jobs that humans need them to, data analytics and cybersecurity might find it easier to hire skilled employees. Although machine learning tools are commonly used in numerous applications, the big boom of advanced analytics in cybersecurity is yet to come. And that will be interesting to see the future tools to cop up with. Fingers crossed

DIGITAL MARKETING: The what, how and when of the business revolution

2020-05-28T11:24:00.005+05:30

An Article by Adebayo Anthony

Today’s time of the internet has opened the gateway to tremendous opportunities in the digital space. The speed and precision with which information is being transmitted from any part of the world is simply astonishing and some entrepreneurs have been able to identify these opportunities and turn them into profitable systems that not only enriches them but offers companies and individuals new ways to connect, collaborate, conduct business and build bridges between people.

The rise of the internet into a dominant force has meant a sudden boom in new fields of work and new jobs in the digital space. In this article, we will be focusing on just one- DIGITAL MARKETING.

Digital marketing on its own is a very broad field, so for that reason, this article will focus on answering three of some of the most asked questions relating to digital

marketing.

Ø What is digital marketing all about?

Digital marketing can be understood as a targeted, conversion-oriented and interactive marketing of products or services by utilizing digital innovation to attract prospective customers and transform them into clients in sustainable fashion. Basically digital marketing is the use of the internet and other digital channels to reach customers.

Ever heard the witty saying “you got to meet people where they are”? Two decades ago or even more recently a decade ago, people still looked around for billboards, flyers or posters when they needed information pertaining to a particular brand. When was the last time you did that? I bet it’s been a while.

Why look for posters and flyers when you can search on google. There’s been a major shift over the last few years with regards to where customers can be found. You don’t find so many of them listening to radios, reading flyers or posters. You find them staring at their phones.

Think of it this way, google and Facebook generate more revenue than any traditional media company because they control more eyeballs. That’s why digital marketing matters, it is where the attention is. It doesn’t just place you in front of your customers, it makes it possible for them to find you as well. Digital marketing accomplishes targets of marketing a business through different digital channels such as; Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Social Media Marketing, Online paid advertising, Email marketing, mobile app marketing and web analytics.

These form the pillars of digital marketing and are very complex fields as well but when studied and used optimally can elevate any business. A detailed article will be published to highlight their roles and application in digital marketing.

Ø How has digital marketing changed business?

Over the past decades mobile and contactless payments have changed the playing field according the Digital Marketing Institute.

Soon the term digital marketing will come to be known as just marketing, because all marketing would be digital. As at 2019 there were 4.39 billion internet users, that’s approximately 58.5% of the world’s population. These figures have forced business across the globe to take their marketing campaigns online, because obviously that’s where their audience are, and it is evident that soon digital marketing will be a definitive factor in brand growth and sustainability.

Digital marketing has changed normal business operations as we know it in many ways, some of them as follows;

· Equal opportunities for all kinds of business:

Digital marketing is the leveling platform, it offers and serves equal opportunities for any and every kind of business. It gives both small and medium business the opportunity to grow well and compete against the stable and established businesses so that they can get the opportunity to draw in their share of traffic present on the internet.

Brand awareness is important for both new businesses and established ones. Companies like Apple, Coca-Cola and Nike have brands that are recognized and can pull in a lot of traffic online. While digital marketing might not necessarily turn any new business into the next Apple, it won’t have a chance without it.

· Cost effective:

In the old days of marketing, businesses depended on print ads, billboards, direct mail, radio spots and TV ads. While this might still work to an extent now, they are certainly not cheap. But if you already have a website, marketing online can be as simple as tweaking the elements on your site to improve your chances of ranking well in search engines or doing SEO. Of course, it might require professional help if the business owner lacks such skills. But if you choose to invest in digital marketing, it will definitely be worth it because it has a higher ROI (Return On Investment) than any traditional method.

For one reason- Targeting. With digital marketing you can target your ads directly at customers who are already interested in looking for your products and services. So instead of paying to reach people who just throw away your print ads or change the TV station, you only reach people who are likely to become customers.

· Generation of better revenue:

Digital marketing offers higher conversion rates resulting in up to 2.8 times better revenue growth for business with digital marketing strategies. The deal is simple; digital marketing plays a major role in increasing revenue, simply because it reduces the cost, thereby generating a healthy stream of income.

With digital tools like google analytics you can immediately check what works for your company online and reinforce such procedures for increased revenue going forward.

Other changes include; increased interaction with customers and solidified brand loyalty.

Ø When should startups integrate digital marketing into their business strategies:

NOW!!! That’s when any startup should start adopting digital marketing strategies. The internet is too accessible to consumers.

Everyone likes to get a good deal, so consumers conduct a research before they make a purchase.

If your customers can’t find you, your products or your services online while they are conducting research, they will find someone else. It’s that simple.

The last place you want to be is falling behind your competition. It’s a simple recipe for disaster and your company will struggle to survive.

Let’s say your competition is not using digital marketing and they don’t read this article. You’re lucky, but it’s only a matter of time before they can start.

Sometimes later becomes never! You still have the chance to grow that business if you haven’t started using digital marketing tools and if you lack funds for getting professional assistance, start by creating social media accounts for your business, post relevant contents relating to the goods or services you offer and take digital marketing courses in your spare time.

Finally, if you haven’t exactly started a business yet but you harbor thoughts of starting one, NOW is the best time to start. With more digital inventions popping everyday opportunities are endless.

So find a skill that fits you, learn, reflect, implement, share and monetize.

Most importantly, make yourself as digitally savvy as possible.

Philosophy, Machines, and AI

2020-05-27T17:18:00.001+05:30

Is philosophy undergoing a radical transformation? In recent times, this question has been very popular especially after the radical development that has been taking place in machine learning and artificial intelligence. Whether this radical development and application of such knowledge in machine learning and artificial intelligence is setting off a radical transformation of traditional philosophy?

What is philosophy?

The discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are correct principles of reasoning (logic)?Wikipedia

Some definitions:

Investigation of the nature, causes, or principles of reality, knowledge, or values, based on logical reasoning rather than empirical methods (American Heritage Dictionary).

The study of the ultimate nature of existence, reality, knowledge and goodness, as discoverable by human reasoning (Penguin English Dictionary).

The rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (WordNet).

The search for and truth, especially about the nature of man and his behavior and beliefs (Kernerman English Multilingual Dictionary).

The rational and critical inquiry into basic principles (Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia).

The study of the most general and abstract features of the world, the grounds for human knowledge, and the evaluation of human conduct (The Philosophy Pages).

If we look at the definitions we can find the most underlying principle of philosophy is questioning. The questioning of what is life? How one should live? What sort of things do exist and what are their natures? What are correct principles of reasoning? What are the principles of reality, knowledge, or values?

Finding the answers or solutions to questions or problems through the application of the principles of reasoning is the aim of philosophy. In short, search for knowledge and truth. The search does not necessarily result in finding the truth. However, the process employed in finding the truth is more important. History tells us that wisdom of humans (the body of knowledge and experience that develops within a specified society or period) changed and has been changing continuously. Humans are in pursuit of wisdom (the ability to think and act using knowledge, experience, understanding, common sense, and insight)

Blind beliefs are the biggest obstacles that arrest our thinking process. Philosophers question these blind beliefs or rather question every belief. They are skeptical on everything. In fact, it is one of the philosophical methods (Methodic doubt) they employ in order to find the truth. Philosophizing begins with some simple doubt about accepted beliefs. They apply methodic doubt and knowledge to test the functional, dysfunctional, or destructive nature of an accepted and prevailing belief in a society. Wait a moment! We have a problem that is to be addressed first. When we say ' knowledge', it does not necessarily lead us to the truthfulness of the conclusion they arrive at. The existing knowledge is not complete. Therefore, there is a possibility of fallacy of conclusion. A conclusion may be valid but it need not be a truth. With the introduction of an additional premise or deletion of an existing premise, the nature of the conclusion will undergo a change.

Fallacies

The other common obstacles to logical and critical thinking are a) Confirmation bias, b) Framing effects, c) Heuristics, and d) Common fallacies such as fallacies of relevance, the Red Herring fallacy, the Strawman fallacy, the Ad Hominem fallacy, fallacious appeal (to authority), the fallacy of composition, the fallacy of division, equivocation, appeal to popularity, appeal to tradition, appeal to ignorance, appeal to emotion, begging the question, false dilemma, decision point fallacy, the slippery slope fallacy, hasty generalizations, faulty analogies, and the fallacy of fallacy. And we can add the two formal fallacies a) affirming the consequent, b) denying the antecedent.

We humans make mistakes. It's often said that to err is human nature. Having known the myriad fallacies of logical arguments, we have been developing certain methods or models to avoid such errors. The philosophical methods are our tool kit that when employed reduces our mistakes.

Apart from these obstacles, we have certain other human limitations such as limitation of long-term & short-term memory capacity and limitation of our sensory capacity. All these limitations are obstacles to our philosophizing. Therefore, we make mistakes knowingly and unknowingly. However, we have never stopped our endeavor to become the finest species on earth.

On the other hand, machines though not the perfect species can avoid certain human limitations while performing the philosophizing. If they are given two logically supporting propositions they can deduce a perfect conclusion. However, if they are given randomly selected propositions will they be able to pick the right propositions that are logically supporting the conclusion? It depends upon the algorithm that we feed to the machine. But then, we are not perfect. We have not yet completely understood how the human brain functions. The main purpose of using a machine for philosophizing is to avoid errors. The machine might imitate the human errors, a humiliating human characteristic that we fervently wanted to avoid.

One approach is to allow the machine to learn thinking and take decisions on its own. In the process, the machine may be able to develop its own brain that can surpass the ability and capacity of human brain. That could be a possibility. This approach is already in trial.

Human wisdom is the ability to think and act using knowledge, collective experience, understanding, common sense, and insight. Will the machine be able to attain and surpass the human wisdom?

The machine can be fed the knowledge accumulated by humans. However, the challenge is how the machine will pick up the right knowledge for a right claim. The machine does not have experience of human life. That is actually a blessing in disguise. If we feed all our experiences to the machine it will be a mere cocktail of beliefs and ideas that are different and mostly diagonally opposite to one another. The best thing is to feed information as little as possible and leave the rest to the machine to have the first-hand experience with humans. That means the machine will live with human beings and interact with humans so that they develop knowledge of human behavior and hopefully the other human characteristics such as emotional understanding, common sense, etc.

Most probably, the philosophical methods which include the rules of reasoning to make right conclusions will be greatly useful to the machine. It can take decisions minus the logical fallacies that we commit knowingly and unknowingly. Such a machine could really immensely be helpful to humans especially as a guide or guard that can work without succumbing to emotions and biases.

Apart from philosophical methods, the machine can also be fed with super sensory powers without which human intelligence is limited. Humans might take a longer time to develop such built-in extra sensory powers. Such a machine would be a marvelous piece of art.

Therefore, the philosophical methods will transform the nature of machines rather than the machines setting off radical transformation of philosophizing. The machines would assist humans to take right conclusions. The machines would pick up the right propositions from the enormous data and provide us a valid conclusion which is a tiresome, time-consuming task of humans. The machines can work continuously without boredom unless they develop their own human-like emotions. Hope, the machines understand human emotions and at the same time do not have emotions

Is human cloning is good or bad ?

2020-05-27T16:25:00.001+05:30

From time immemorial we know no two humans are never the same, irrespective of whether they are born of the same mother or different mothers. Even twins of the same mother have different personalities and bear different marks or signs on their bodies. Now the question is: Is human cloning a good or bad idea? What do you think? Read on to find out.

I strongly detest human cloning. Firstly, cloning deteriorates the value of human life. In real life so far, every human being is special and different and have so much to contribute to the world with the help of their thoughts, ideas and creative minds.

But what about cloning? With each cloning, their brain and body are likely to suffer and get less intelligent and physically weaker in the process. We don't need dumb and feeble cloned beings. Above all, I don't really see any advantage in it. It makes room for more confusion and doubt.

There could be more murders and criminal activities taking the advantage of cloning. Different clones of the same human being may be trained to act on a fraudulent activity or criminal cases. Therefore, it makes it harder for the top criminal manipulators to get caught.

Some may think with cloning, it is interesting to see duplicates or triplicates of a human being. They just like to observe them together in complete awe and wonder. But actually there is no fun in it. Ultimately, they become burdens to a family, which has chosen to take care of them.

Besides, cloning ceases to give them a proper identity, and if they travel together or in separate ways, they are likely to fall into trouble some time or the other. Eventually, the family who has decided to take care of them runs into problems and may be charged with a fine or taken to the jail as the severity of the circumstance may be.

In my opinion, we should ban human cloning. This is no fun. This is a case where the process makes less adequate qualities in the clones. What is the point in creating lunatic and frail clones with loss of identity? I hope you get my point and will join me to echo, "Yes, cloning is a bad idea. Yes, it deteriorates the value of human beings. So altogether, we should ban it."

4 Basics of IoT Device Management

2020-05-26T16:32:00.000+05:30

For IoT device deployment, there are at least 4 basic requirements for device management: main software maintenance, diagnosis, configuration, and authentication. In this article, we are going to get a deeper insight into these 4 categories. Read on to find out more.

1. Provisioning and Authentication

The process of device authentication helps identify a device to ensure it's trustworthy. In other words, the cloud service that the device needs to connect should have a system in place to find out if the device is genuine.

Similarly, the process of provisioning enrolls a device into the required system. Also, authentication allows the registration of device with proper credentials. The device that you want to deploy has either a key or certificate for the identification of its authenticity.

2. Control and Configuration

Typically, devices are shipped with default configuration. Therefore, each device needs to be configured with relevant attributes like application-based settings, location and name.

For the implementation of specific control capabilities, you have to reset the device in order to activate the default state. Plus, it's done to recover from different types of errors and apply the configuration changes you require.

3. Monitoring and Diagnostics

Since one system has tons of remote devices, it's important to ensure that all of the devices operations work properly. Aside from this, minor issues can have a great impact on the sentiment of the customer to get the desired outcome. Therefore, it's important to monitor and diagnose the system regularly to prevent downtime because of problems, such as software bugs.

It's important to download software dumps and logs for proper diagnosis, which helps fix bugs. You can't just go to the device physically in order to debug it.

4. Software Updates and Maintenance

Although you may not know the importance of it, software update and maintenance is important. This is important to add new functionalities and features to it. As a matter of fact, this is an important part of device management.

Software maintenance has a lot of potential levels. For instance, there should be a process to update the device software in a secure fashion. Aside from this, this process helps fix different security vulnerabilities across the entire platform.

Aside from this, software maintenance in an IoT remote device is also a long-term, continuous process. Keep in mind that you may not enjoy a persistent connection to your desired IoT device wirelessly. Also, one of the main reasons why updating the software is important is because you need to ensure the device keeps working properly whenever you need it.

We know that operating these devices is important for business reasons. If a device is not working when you need it, it can cause huge losses.

Conclusion

Long story short, these are the basic functions of remote IoT device management. All of these functions play a great role as far as the success of your business is concerned. Therefore, you may want to explore these functions to ensure the devices work properly. Hopefully, this article is informative.

How to Hack ? Brand New Black Series

2020-05-24T14:56:00.001+05:30

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------The End---------------

---- article by Anuganti Tharunaditya
Instagram : Tech_Influencer
@tech_influencer_

-----To be continued in Black Series 2-----

This phone has a detachable camera that still works like a GoPro camera

2020-05-23T10:53:00.001+05:30

We’ve been writing about modular phones for about 10 years now and they have yet to conquer the mainstream. Modu had the right idea, Project Ara had the right funding and Moto Z seemed to be the one. None of them made a big splash and we’re only left with concepts. The latest comes from Louis Berger and it’s called Mosaic.

The core idea is to have a smartphone’s camera like a fully fledged separate device, that could function on its own, even when detached from the phone. Louis Berger sees this like a Project Ara-style setup, with a smartphone that has a detachable camera module. You can either attach it to the phone and use it with the device or, use it separately like an action camera, like a GoPro let’s say. The idea started with the phone camera bumps being so huge they feel like separate entities.

Galaxy S20 Ultra is one of the best examples. As far as the hardware goes, the are 3 camera lenses here, a ToF sensor, a microphone and a small screen for notifications or to show a preview window or countdown timer for the camera. You can even wear the module around your neck or wrist or turn it into an activity tracker or Bluetooth key tracker thingie. Strap a belt to it and you’ve got a smartwatch. Or you could emulate the police force and create a body cam by putting a clip on accessory on it.

It has its own volume buttons but that’s where the smartness stops. There’s no ports on it, so the control is done via smartphone. I also imagine it would be easier to upgrade the camera on your phone by replacing such Mosaics. Too bad the CPU won’t be able to keep up after 3 years.

The idea is quite fine and I’d totally see Motorola doing this.

How to Earn Money Online ?

2020-05-21T20:48:00.000+05:30

1. Freelancing

Freelancing has always been a popular way to earn money online and the Internet has a plethora of options. There are several websites offering freelance tasks for people with varying skills. All you need to do is to create an account, browse through the listings, and apply for the task that suits you. Some websites may even require you to create a personal listing with the details of your skillset, so that interested clients can contact you directly. Outfiverr.com, upwork.com, freelancer.com, and worknhire.com are some websites that provide freelance jobs. You can earn anywhere between $5 and $100 through these websites.

But remember, you will only be paid once you complete your task and it has been approved by your client. This may even mean revising the work several times unless the requirements of your clients are not met. Some sites may ask you to set up a PayPal account, as most clients prefer to make payments through it.

2.Starting your own website

There is enough material available online to help you put together your own website. This includes choosing the domain, templates, layout and the overall design for your website. Once ready to service the visitors with the relevant content, sign up for Google Adsense, which when appear on your website and clicked on by visitors, help you make money. The more traffic you get on your website, the more will be the potential for higher earnings.

3. Affiliate marketing

Once your website is up and running, opt for affiliate marketing by allowing companies to insert web links on to your site. This is like a symbiotic partnership. When visitors to your site buy products or services by clicking on such links, you earn out from it.

4. Surveys, searches and reviews

There are several websites offering money to undergo online surveys, carry out online searches, and write reviews on products. To get the credit, one needs to disclose certain information to them including one's banking details. This is why you should use this route with utmost care. Some of them may even ask you to register with them before working on projects. The most important watch out in such projects is to stay away from websites offering money that appears too good to be true. Be careful while evaluating the reputation of the website as many of them could be a scam. Most sites promote businesses showing copies of cheque payments which may have been given to the middlemen only.

5. Virtual assistantship

Doing all the corporate stuff from one's home is what a virtual assistant (VA) does. VAs basically work remotely with their clients and manage the aspects of their business that they are too busy to handle themselves. When you work as a virtual assistant, you can choose to work as an employee or you can set up your own business.

VAs are skilled, home-based professionals that offer companies, businesses, and entrepreneurs administrative support. Some of the major areas of work includes making phone calls, email correspondence, Internet research, data entry, scheduling appointments, editing, writing, book keeping, marketing, blog management, proofreading, project management, graphic design, tech support, customer service, event planning, and social media management.

Becoming a VA can entail some degree of training or briefing, depending on your qualifications. However, if you have good communication skills and are capable of using applications like MS Office, you can just sign up on sites such as Elance.com, 24/7 Virtual Assistant, Assistant Match, eaHelp, Freelancer, FlexJobs, People Per Hour, Uassist.Me, Upwork, VaVa Virtual Assistants, Virtual Staff Finder, Worldwide 101, Ziptask, Zirtual and so on. A VA my expect earnings in the range of Rs 500-Rs 4,000 Per Hour

6. Language translating

Knowing a language other than English may even help you earn some extra bucks. There are several websites that offer translation projects that require translating a document from one language into another. This may include Spanish, French, Arab, German, or any other language to or from English.

For many, this can make the task rather time-consuming and therefore they hire translators available online from anywhere across the globe. Several websites such as Freelancer.in, Fiverr.com, worknhire.com or Upwork.com offers you a platform to be a professional translator.

Those who do not have the knowledge or do not have the time to complete their projects on their own, put up their work on these platforms where you can register and start bidding on translation jobs and get paid in the range of Rs 1-Rs 5 per word. This can go up to Rs 10 for some languages.

7. Online tutoring

If you are an expert in a particular subject, you can earn by tutoring people online. Online tutoring provides a means to connect online with students of all ages, across the country to provide homework help and tutoring in the subjects for which you have demonstrated expertise.

One may sign up on websites like Vedantu.com, MyPrivateTutor.com, BharatTutors.com, tutorindia.net as an online tutor by creating a profile, and listing the subjects or classes you want to teach, how much experience you have, what your qualifications are, etc. Some of the platforms may offer flexible and convenient time to work as an online tutor.

Most platforms follow this process- they ask you to apply by filling a simple form, after which a teaching demo will have to given their experts. Once selected, documentation and profile creation will be done, followed by training and induction webinar. Once you attend the webinar, you will be listed as a teacher and will get your online sessions to conduct. Beginners can make around Rs 200 per hour, which can go up to Rs 500 as you gain experience and expertise.

8. Social media

In addition to interacting with friends and strangers, social networking platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Snapchat can be used to make money. Companies and popular brands pay social media strategists to further boost the popularity of their products. With lots of competition around and the constantly shortening of attention time of online viewers, creativity is essential to create posts, videos etc that can go viral quickly and enhance the brand value. Remember, social media needs dedicated time and energy to stay relevant. Hence, you need to share posts regularly and interact with your followers on a regular basis.

9. Web designing

Not all business owners are tech savvy but the need of the hour is to have a website of their own. Those who have a knack for all- things- tech, especially related to websites, can help small businesses set up their own websites and earn from it. Coding and web designing are the essential ingredients in setting up websites. Further, websites need maintenance and may require frequent updates, which may add to one's revenue. Depending on the client and job,a single project can fetch you anywhere between Rs 20,000 and Rs 1 lakh.

Online platforms can be a good starting point. Depending on the quality of the articles, one gets paid. One may be asked to work upon articles with specific guidelines as well. Develop a niche in your area of expertise and build strength in that domain to increase the revenue stream.

10. Content writing

Online platforms can be a good starting point. Depending on the quality of the articles, one gets paid. One may be asked to work upon articles with specific guidelines as well. Develop a niche in your area of expertise and build strength in that domain to increase the revenue stream.

11. Blogging

It starts with a hobby, interest, and passion and soon blogging becomes a career option for many bloggers. There are a number of full-time bloggers in the country. There are two ways to start a blog: you can either create a blog through Wordpress or Tumblr, which requires no investment, or go for a self-hosted blog.

In case of the latter, you will have to invest in and spend money on domain name and server hosting space that can cost you between Rs 3,000-Rs 5,000 a year. Self-hosted blogs have an added advantage that it allows you to customize elements and functionality of your website. In case of the former, you need to make peace with the tools and plug-ins made available by the service provider.

You may monetize the blogs through ads, product reviews, and so on. But remember, earning through blogging may also take a lot of time and effort. For some, it may take as long as year to actually earn through blogging.

12. YouTube

If you are not comfortable in penning down your thoughts through blogs and content writing, make use of your camera to create a video presentation. Create your YouTube channel, upload videos and start monetizing them. Choose a category or subject that you want to make videos on and get started, but make sure it's a topic that will interest a lot of people. Everything from cooking shows to political debates can find many takers on YouTube. You have to create a YouTube channel, which works on a similar model as a blog. As you make your channel popular and the number of subscribers grows, so will your earning potential. The payment one gets is based on every thousand views.

13. Kindle eBook

If writing books interests you, one option you can exercise is self-publish eBooks and paperbacks with Kindle Direct Publishing, and reach millions of readers on Amazon. Publishing takes less than 5 minutes and your book appears on Kindle stores worldwide within 24-48 hours. One can earn up to 70 percent royalty on sales to customers in the US, Canada, UK, Germany, India, France, Italy, Spain, Japan, Brazil, Mexico, Australia, and so on. One can keep control of one's rights and set their own list prices and also make changes to one's books at any time. BooksFundr and Pblishing.com are two other places to get your book published and earn money.

14. Selling your products online

If you want to sell products online, you may can it by creating your own website. As there's lot of competition and several existing websites in place already catering to this market, an attempt to create a niche in terms of products may be considered. Or, you can use the platform such as Amazon, Flipkart to sell. One can increase reach and visibility through affiliate marketing.

15. PTC sites

Several websites offer money (after a minimum level of earning) by clicking on advertisements. Hence, they are called paid-to-click (PTC) sites. One has to get registered before the project begins. Not all of these sites could be genuine, so be careful. One may also refer friends and earn money in the process. Some such sites are ClixSense.com , BuxP and NeoBux are some of such PTC sites.

16. Peer to peer

Similar to e-commerce websites such as Amazon and OLX, a peer-to-peer (P2P) platform is a marketplace for money lending activities. You can lend money to others in a more organised and structured manner using the P2P lending platform. The P2P platforms have the recovery process in place and one should understand it before using the services of the platform. Since this is an unsecured loan where there is no face-to-face interaction, a P2P lender needs to be aware of the risks involved. Currently, the interest rate earned can be anywhere from 13 percent to 30 percent.

17. Data entry

Although this line of work is seriously threatened by automation, there are still plenty of data entry jobs available in India. It is one the simplest jobs you can do online, and requires no special skills. You just have to have a computer, Internet connection, fast typing skills, and the ability to pay attention to details. Most freelancing websites list these jobs, and you can sign up on any of them to start earning in the range of Rs 300 to Rs 1,500 per hour ..

What is Web Developing ?

2020-05-20T20:19:00.000+05:30

Web development refers to building, creating, and an maintaining websites. It includes aspects such as web design, web publishing, web programming, and database management.

While the terms "web developer" and "web designer" are often used synonymously, they do not mean the same thing. Technically, a web designer only designs website interfaces using HTML and CSS. A web developer may be involved in designing a website, but may also write web scripts in languages such as PHP and ASP. Additionally, a web developer may help maintain and update a database used by a dynamic website.

Web development includes many types of web content creation. Some examples include hand coding web pages in a text editor, building a website in a program like Dreamweaver, and updating a blog via a blogging website. In recent years, content management systems like WordPress, Drupal, and Joomla have also become popular means of web development. These tools make it easy for anyone to create and edit their own website using a web-based interface.

While there are several methods of creating websites, there is often a trade-off between simplicity and customization. Therefore, most large businesses do not use content management systems, but instead have a dedicated Web development team that designs and maintains the company's website(s). Small organizations and individuals are more likely to choose a solution like WordPress that provides a basic website template and simplified editing tools.

NOTE: JavaScript programming is a type of web development that is generally not considered part of web design. However, a web designer may reference JavaScript libraries like jQuery to incorporate dynamic elements into a site's design.

Iphone 12 5.4 inch OLED Model Renderd by concept creater

2020-05-19T19:27:00.000+05:30

Apple may have just picked the worst year to launch a ton of iPhone models, since 2020 will be marked by the pandemic and also by a potential recession. After the iPhone SE 2020, the Cupertino firm is said to be preparing no less than 4 iPhone 12 models. At least one of them is rendered below by Concept Creator for Letsgodigital.

We’re dealing with the entry level model, the 5.4 inch OLED iPhone 12. This is supposed to be the smallest and cheapest 5G iPhone this year. It will go against the Galaxy S20, Redmi K30 Pro 5G and Huawei P40. It seems to bring back the protruding frame of the iPhone 4 and 5 generation, plus keep the square camera of the iPhone 11. The notch doesn’t appear to have changed too much, but it it has it’s probably narrower and smaller.

Pill shaped buttons and antenna cutouts are in and the camera remains pretty beefy, with large lenses and a pretty large module at the back. This feels like an iPhone 4 with an oversized camera basically. It will be powered by the brand new Apple A14 processor, with a 5 nm tech behind it and beating all CPUs on the market. We should also get two 12 MP back cameras and probably 4 GB of RAM. The Pro versions will bring 3 cameras, plus a LiDAR sensor much like the iPad Pro 2020 one.

A single selfie 12 MP camera is integrated in the notch here. We also expect a 6.1 inch iPhone 12, plus a Pro model and a Pro Max model, with larger screens. The model we see here may end up coming in 6 colors, like white, green, black, red, yellow and blue. We also expect a Midnight Blue hue for the mainstream high end units.

The New era of Gravity jet suit

2020-05-18T08:13:00.001+05:30

Gravity Industries have been showing off their latest Jet Suit footage as they take flight in the Maldives.

In its latest video Gravity have showcased up-close footage of its founder, Richard Browning, flying around the One and Only Reethi Rah resort in the Maldives.

The trip was designed to allow Gravity to scope out potential locations for future Jet Suit Races.

Who Are Gravity Industries

Gravity Industries was founded in March 2017 by Richard Browning – dubbed the “real-life Iron Man” – who is an English inventor, entrepreneur and speaker.

The company is built around the Daedalus Mark 1. A jet pack that uses miniature jet engines to achieve vertical flight.

The suit uses kerosene engines which can provide 22 kg of thrust each. This allows Browning to use his arms to control the direction and speed of the flight.

He is able to pilot the suit by being shown fuel consumption and other data within the head-up display he wears inside the helmet.

The suit achieved a speed of 32.02 miles per hour (51.53 km/h) during its Guinness World Records attempt for ‘Fastest speed in a body controlled jet engine powered suit’.

Browning has spoken about how he was inspired to create the Jet Suit by his late father, an aeronautical engineer.

Huawei Mate 40 pro concept

2020-05-17T12:57:00.001+05:30

Fresh after seeing the Huawei Mate 40 rendered, we know get a similar concept from the same source for the Huawei Mate 40 Pro. There’s a lot happening here, but there are 2 core findings: there’s a second screen at the back and the camera channels the Galaxy S20 Ultra.

Huawei Mate 40 Pro is expected to be the Fall flagship that Huawei launches this year. It should inaugurate the Kirin 1000 5 nm CPU and also bring some camera novelty. Last year Huawei focused on a waterfall screen, no volume buttons, 7000 FPS video capture and a Cine Camera with 40 MP resolution. Now in the new renders the bezels seem cut further and the selfie camera is supposedly inside the screen. The back camera is moved from the center to the side of the back and the periscope cam is separated within the module.

Concept designer TS Designer is the creator of this set of renders, just so you know. The secondary screen seems a bit odd at the back, as a way to see notifications, take better selfies, or maybe replace the selfie camera totally by using it. The main cam has a stamp saying 100x zoom, so it’s on par with the S20 Ultra. It feels a bit like the Meizu Pro 7, which wasn’t exactly a hit. By the way, there’s also a stylus popping up in the photos.

We need a video of this Huawei Mate 40 Pro concept and higher res renders ASAP!

Huawei Mate X2 new concept

2020-05-15T20:59:00.003+05:30

Here we are again, with Huawei leaks, this time related to the Fall collection of devices. There’s been a lot of talk lately about the 5 nm Kirin 1000 processor, which will usher in a new age of mobile computing. The fact that we can have 5 nanometer chips on smartphones seems mind blowing, even in this day and age. Huawei will inaugurate that on the Mate 40 Pro if all goes well and the same CPU may also reach a Huawei Mate X2.

The foldable phone has just been rendered by Waqar Khan and Ratenzahlung, who show us an evolved version of the Huawei Mate X foldable. The device is still made of glass and metal and it gets an outer quad camera with a periscope cam and a vertical setup. It still adopts a large external screen and also pretty generous internal display. This time the screen on the outside also expands on the frame, much like the Vivo NEX 3 and Huawei Mate 30 Pro.

The difference is that instead of achieving a larger screen estate with a curve, the screen is actually angular and continues at 90 degrees on the side. Meanwhile, the inner screen is mind blowing, taking into account the leak of notches, cutouts and bezels. Also, it should get an improved protection, perhaps UTG inspired from Samsung. Inside we find the Kirin 1000 5 nm CPU, coupled with 12 GB of RAM, but the source warns that because of the pandemic, the Kirin 990 with 5G could be the only CPU used on the Huawei Mate X2.

The camera setup goes like this according to the designers:

50 MP SuperSensing camera
1 / 1.28 inch Ultra Vision Sensor
RYYB color filter
Octa PD autofocus
Takes a lot of light and details – for super-sharp images

12 MP telephoto camera
5x optical zoom2
10x hybrid zoom3
50x maximum zoom

40 MP ultra wide-angle camera
1 / 1.54 inch sensor
4K low-light video
telephoto lens video
ultra slow-motion video
time-lapse video
cinematographic video camera with various functions

3D depth sensor
Depth detection in real time Take
photos like the professionals with a bokeh effect

Meanwhile the side display is used as a sort of status bar, showing quick information about missed calls, emails and notifications. There’s talk of a launch In July, but the corona crisis may put it on hold. Expect an 8 inch internal screen and at least a 6 inch external one.

Iphone flip concept

2020-05-14T17:49:00.000+05:30

Lately I’ve been hearing more about Apple Glasses rather than Apple foldable phones, but that doesn’t mean designers aren’t churning out their own vision of Apple’s first foldable. One of the sexier ones comes from iOS Beta News and it’s called the iPhone Flip.

If I were to guess if Apple would offer us a Galaxy Fold format or Galaxy Z Flip, I’d somehow go for the latter, given their passion for smaller screens and bringing back compact devices. This is actually a pretty well done concept, which keeps the general iPhone format when the device is opened and leaves no crease visible. The hinge is very much like the Moto RAZR one, rather than the Z Flip. One fo the biggest gripes of the Motorola and Samsung foldables has been solved: we now get a larger external screen.

There’s also a quad back camera, complete with LiDAR sensor and there’s no notch. Instead the selfie camera is cut into a punch hole. The flip mechanism, the hinge looks rather discrete and slim, but it also protrudes a bit from the device’s body. I actually like this format, which is a bit more angular and serious, more mature than the competition. I also see a ton of glass and metal in a very slim smartphone, which sounds like a recipe for disaster if you drop it.

Before Apple makes a foldable phone, it has to solve two problems: the screen protection and the resilient hinge. If you think iPhones are tough to repair now, wait till you see the real iPhone Flip!

Agasthya samhitha Technology

2020-05-13T19:16:00.001+05:30

The ancient text of Agastya Samhita describes the method of making electric battery, and that water can be split into oxygen and hydrogen.
Modern battery cell resembles Agastya’s method of generating electricity.
For generating electricity, Sage Agastya had used the following material:

1.one earthen pot

2.Copper plate

3.Copper sulphate

4.Wet saw dust
5.Zinc amalgam

His text says : “Sansthapya Mrinmaya Patre

Tamrapatram Susanskritam
Chhadyechhikhigriven Chardrarbhih
Kashthpamsubhih.
Dastaloshto Nidhatavyah
Pardachhaditastah
Sanyogajjayte Tejo
Mitravarunsangyitam”

संस्थाप्य मृण्मये पात्रे ताम्रपत्रं सुसंस्कृतम्‌।
छादयेच्छिखिग्रीवेन चार्दाभि: काष्ठापांसुभि:॥
दस्तालोष्टो निधात्वय: पारदाच्छादितस्तत:।
संयोगाज्जायते तेजो मित्रावरुणसंज्ञितम्‌॥

Which means, “Place a well-cleaned copper plate in an earthenware vessel. Cover it first by copper sulfate and then by moist sawdust. After that, put a mercury-amalgamated zinc sheet on top of the sawdust to avoid polarization. The contact will produce an energy known by the twin name of Mitra-Varuna. Water will be split by this current into Pranavayu and Udanavayu. A chain of one hundred jars is said to give a very effective force. (p. 422)”

When a cell was prepared according to Agastya Samhita and measured, it gives open circuit voltage as 1.138 volts, and short circuit current as 23 mA.

Anen Jalbhangosti Prano Daneshu
Vayushu
Evam Shatanam
Kumbhanamsanyogkaryakritsmritah.

if we use the power of 100 earthen pots on water, then water will change its form into life-giving oxygen and floating hydrogen.

Vayubandhakvastren Nibaddho
Yanmastake
Udanah Swalaghutve
Bibhartyakashayanakam.

If hydrogen is contained in an air tight cloth, it can be used in aerodynamics, i.e. it will fly in air. (Today’s Hydrogen Balloon)

Process Of Electroplating by Maharshi Agastya in Agastya Sanhita:

Excerpt from “Technology of the Gods: The Incredible Sciences of the Ancients” – By David Hatcher Childress

“In the temple of Trivandrum, Travancore, the Reverned S. Mateer of the London Protestant Mission saw ‘a great lamp which was lit over one hundred and twenty years ago’, in a deep well in side the temple. ……. On the background of the Agastya Samhita text’s giving precise directions for constructing electrical batteries, this speculation is not extravagant.”

Iphone 14 concept

2020-05-11T15:00:00.001+05:30

While everybody is talking about the iPhone 12 and some are dreaming about the iPhone 13, designer Michael Muleba already envisions the iPhone 14. He proposes a different kind of phone, a rotating screen handset, with a long, vertical format. Let’s check it out!

First of all, this feel like a slider phone, the kind of which we haven’t seen in a while. I guess that BlackBerry and Palm were the last trying such a thing. The screen slides open in order to reveal both the hidden front cameras and a secondary screen. It also rotates at 90 degrees for a landscape experience and improved gaming on the go, plus streaming and typing using the secondary screen. Sliders are prone to breakage, because people with feeble nerves tend to play with the sliding mechanism and damage it.

Apple knows that and they would never risk a too intricate mechanism. That’s why they’re staying away from foldables for now. It’s enough that their batteries get drained fast, the slider is the last thing they need. The concept looks cool and all, but in order to use the front camera you need to rotate the main screen at 90 degrees. I see that some of the aesthetics of the older iPhones are back and I’m not talking about the iPhone 4 or 5, but rather the 3G and 3GS, with the shiny rounded edges and body.

Not sure about cutting the screen corners in such a curved manner though… At least this iPhone 14 is trying something different compared to the norm these days so Kudos Michael Muleba for being bold. The materials for this smartphone would be key in its making. It could end up heavy and thick, but plastic is also not a very good option.

Samsung galaxy Fold 2 new design concept

2020-05-09T23:46:00.001+05:30

Techconfigurations doesn’t post concept phones often, but when they do, they really knock it out of the park. They’ve just come up with a Samsung Galaxy Fold 2 that looks perfectly believable and integrates a smart rotating camera, which I actually like. Let’s check it out below!

First of all, the new foldable phone sounds small at 6.6 inches, but that’s just the main display in the folded mode. The opened up laptop mode provides an 8 inch OLED panel. There’s also a bit of a side display and above it rests the rotating camera mechanism, which you can have either as selfie or main camera. There’s also wireless charging and reverse wireless charging support, as well as a huge 7000 mAh battery, 5G and 65W fast charging. The cool part is the way you can use the small side screen, including the display of in game stats and YouTube comments.

The laptop mode from the Galaxy Fold 2 also comes in handy, with the lower part being a QWERTY keyboard and the top part the actual screen. Gone are the notches and cutouts, there’s no need for those. Bezels are very narrow and the hinge edges/caps are almost invisible. This probably looks better than what Samsung has prepared for its August unveiling. I see a lot of metal here, glossy parts, glass at the back and front, hopefully some UTG protection too. The back camera seems like a quad affair and the color choices include purple, red, green and a few more.

No trace of stylus, in spite of what we’ve heard lately, but that can be bough separately probably. I’m sure more concepts of the sort will come in the near future. Good job Techconfigurations in the meantime! That $2000 price tag sounds scary and plausible at the same time.

via Techconfigurations

Vulpex TokenCore new mobile concept

2020-05-09T23:12:00.001+05:30

For a while there two things seemed to be just around the corner when it came to mobile devices: modularity and smart glasses. Both were big around 2011-2012 and both failed miserably, most people blaming Google for that. Now modularity is back, albeit as a concept, like the one below, dubbed Vulpex TokenCore.

First of all, Motorola and Project Ara, as well as Modu defined the modular smartphone era, even though they were met with failure, not success. I’ve heard about problems like magnetized parts falling off a device or modules simply being too expensive to be worth it in the long run. Designer Santiago Feijo has sent us his vision of a modular smartphone, dubbed Vulpex TokenCore. It’s supposed to be a smartphone based on wireless streaming and 5G, with a 360 degree Dynamic AMOLED screen.

Apparently, the product is “switchable” to tablets, games, a notebook mode and a smart TV, plus Internet of Things. The design feels inspired by the Galaxy S20 Ultra somehow, although with a more edge to edge approach for the screen. From what I see the parts of the phone are swappable and include a 5 camera system that can be moved around. I the screen goes with the wraparound idea, continuing at the back and on the sides, much like the Xiaomi Mi Mix Alpha.

When someone tries to talk me into modular smartphones, I always come up with the same theory: it’s the big smartphone makers who don’t want it, since a successful modular phone would bankrupt them in the long run. Imagine people just buying components not the latest $1200 phone…

Advances in Information Technology

2020-05-08T23:51:00.002+05:30

A Reference from globalisation101.org

The IT revolution drives the extraordinarily rapid decline in the cost and rapid increase in the processing power of digital technologies. The digital device whose technological advance has perhaps been most crucial to the IT revolution is the microprocessor, the collections of millions of tiny circuits that serve as the “brains” of personal computers and that are embedded in an ever-expanding number of products, from video games, to cars, to refrigerators. Using a concept known as Moore’s law the amount of power in a processor doubles approximately every two years. In 2013 the use of nanowires in microprocessors has allowed this trend to continue (Peckham, 2013).

Rapid advancements in fiber optic technologies have also been critical to the IT revolution. Fiber optics technology enables data, including voices captured in digital form, to be converted into tiny pulses of light and then transmitted at high speeds through glass fibers wrapped into large capacity telecommunication cables. Hundreds of thousands of miles of these cables were installed over the past ten years, boosting the speed and capacity of telecommunications networks. A contributing factor to the growing technology sector is human capital.. The majority of tech firms worldwide have leveled the baseline production of new technology to the point where they seek new areas of improvement for their products.

Human capital, the workforce, drives these advancements and often the reason why one company succeeds, while others do not. Tech firms seek skilled workers with knowledge of technology and problem solving skills, which gives them an edge over the competition. Technology companies in the U.S. are pushing for better immigration policies so they can hire the best and the brightest from around the world.

The transformation of the technology sector in the U.S. market resulted in need for software developers, computer and information systems managers, and computer systems analysts . New jobs such as these are commodities in the globalized world of technology, especially for companies recruiting individuals from technologically advanced countries. The growing market for tech jobs will continue to increase as technologies become even further integrated into society.. More and more jobs will become available to individuals that obtained degrees in technology orientated fields. According to Catherine Mann (2003) “Frequently cited projections indicate that millions of jobs will be lost to offshore workers. What these projections ignore is that the globalization of software and IT services, in conjunction with diffusion of IT to new sectors and businesses will yield even stronger job demand in the United States for IT-proficient workers.”

Driving Down the Cost of Information Transactions

A key reason why these advances in IT have spread so quickly is that they have progressively reduced the unit cost of computing power or the transmission of a message. For less than $30, Americans without any advanced technical training can purchase and use a desktop computer whose data processing power far exceeds the room-sized computers that powered the spacecraft that carried astronauts to the moon and back in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The smallest of which, recently popularized Raspberry Pi, allows amateurs to experiment and run their own programs on a processor. Companies such as Microsoft have even sold $100 computers to consumers in emerging countries as a way of helping developing countries use more advanced technological resources.

(Shah, 2013)

While throughout 2013 the use of traditional PCs are expected continue to decline as smaller devices such as tablets and phones become more advanced, vendors are expected to ship 315 million units in the year (Gartner, 2013). The decline in sales is contrary to the rise in the amount of Internet users. In 2013, 77 percent of the developed world was connected to the Internet, while 31 percent in the developing world was connected to it (ITU, 2013) However, as global PC sales in the developed world continue to fall, it is expected that those in the developing world will decline as well.
The last two years have seen a decline in the amount of PC shipments both in the developed and the developing world. In 2012 there was a -1.4 percent growth in PC sales and in 2013 this only improved to 0.6 percent. However, it is expected in 2017 that there will be a 4.3 percent growth in PC shipment sales. The reasons for this are a weak global economy, and a preference among consumers for higher mobility devices such as phones or tablets. The growth in this market is expected to be modest as the technology of mobile devices improves and allows them to compete with traditional computers (IDC, 2013).
The spread of digital technologies has also been spurred by several unique attributes of information, which serves as the principal input and product of many IT industries. In contrast to more tangible products, like consumer goods, one person’s “consumption” of a piece of information does not necessarily reduce or eliminate the possibility that another person might benefit from the same piece of information.
Furthermore, networks built upon the exchange of information, like the Internet, tend to become more valuable to existing participants as new participants link up with them. Finally, the cost of using digital technologies, such as Internet service providers, decreases as the number of users increases. All of these factors have worked together to promote rapid growth in the demand for, and supply of, IT products and services. During the second half of the 1990s, as more people bought computers and went online, the average cost of the equipment and services necessary to access the Internet declined. Today, individuals go beyond the conventional desktop computer to stay connected: Wi-Fi networks, laptops, smartphones, tablet PCs, and even phones utilize Wi-Fi networks to make the Internet an integral—and necessary—part of everyday life.

What is Nanotechnology?

2020-05-07T23:16:00.000+05:30

A Reference from crnano.org

A basic definition: Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. This covers both current work and concepts that are more advanced.In its original sense, 'nanotechnology' refers to the projected ability to construct items from the bottom up, using techniques and tools being developed today to make complete, high performance products.

With 15,342 atoms, this parallel-shaft speed reducer gear is one of the largest nanomechanical devices ever modeled in atomic detail.

The Meaning of Nanotechnology

When K. Eric Drexler (right) popularized the word 'nanotechnology' in the 1980's, he was talking about building machines on the scale of molecules, a few nanometers wide—motors, robot arms, and even whole computers, far smaller than a cell. Drexler spent the next ten years describing and analyzing these incredible devices, and responding to accusations of science fiction. Meanwhile, mundane technology was developing the ability to build simple structures on a molecular scale. As nanotechnology became an accepted concept, the meaning of the word shifted to encompass the simpler kinds of nanometer-scale technology. The U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative was created to fund this kind of nanotech: their definition includes anything smaller than 100 nanometers with novel properties.

Much of the work being done today that carries the name 'nanotechnology' is not nanotechnology in the original meaning of the word. Nanotechnology, in its traditional sense, means building things from the bottom up, with atomic precision. This theoretical capability was envisioned as early as 1959 by the renowned physicist Richard Feynman.

I want to build a billion tiny factories, models of each other, which are manufacturing simultaneously. . . The principles of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom. It is not an attempt to violate any laws; it is something, in principle, that can be done; but in practice, it has not been done because we are too big. — Richard Feynman, Nobel Prize winner in physics

Based on Feynman's vision of miniature factories using nanomachines to build complex products, advanced nanotechnology (sometimes referred to as molecular manufacturing) will make use of positionally-controlled mechanochemistry guided by molecular machine systems. Formulating a roadmap for development of this kind of nanotechnology is now an objective of a broadly based technology roadmap project led by Battelle (the manager of several U.S. National Laboratories) and the Foresight Nanotech Institute.

Shortly after this envisioned molecular machinery is created, it will result in a manufacturing revolution, probably causing severe disruption. It also has serious economic, social, environmental, and military implications.

Four Generations
Mihail (Mike) Roco of the U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative has described four generations of nanotechnology development (see chart below). The current era, as Roco depicts it, is that of passive nanostructures, materials designed to perform one task. The second phase, which we are just entering, introduces active nanostructures for multitasking; for example, actuators, drug delivery devices, and sensors. The third generation is expected to begin emerging around 2010 and will feature nanosystems with thousands of interacting components. A few years after that, the first integrated nanosystems, functioning (according to Roco) much like a mammalian cell with hierarchical systems within systems, are expected to be developed.

Some experts may still insist that nanotechnology can refer to measurement or visualization at the scale of 1-100 nanometers, but a consensus seems to be forming around the idea (put forward by the NNI's Mike Roco) that control and restructuring of matter at the nanoscale is a necessary element. CRN's definition is a bit more precise than that, but as work progresses through the four generations of nanotechnology leading up to molecular nanosystems, which will include molecular manufacturing, we think it will become increasingly obvious that "engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale" is what nanotech is really all about.

Conflicting Definitions

Unfortunately, conflicting definitions of nanotechnology and blurry distinctions between significantly different fields have complicated the effort to understand the differences and develop sensible, effective policy.
The risks of today's nanoscale technologies (nanoparticle toxicity, etc.) cannot be treated the same as the risks of longer-term molecular manufacturing (economic disruption, unstable arms race, etc.). It is a mistake to put them together in one basket for policy consideration—each is important to address, but they offer different problems and will require different solutions. As used today, the term nanotechnology usually refers to a broad collection of mostly disconnected fields. Essentially, anything sufficiently small and interesting can be called nanotechnology. Much of it is harmless. For the rest, much of the harm is of familiar and limited quality. But as we will see, molecular manufacturing will bring unfamiliar risks and new classes of problems.

General-Purpose Technology

Nanotechnology is sometimes referred to as a general-purpose technology. That's because in its advanced form it will have significant impact on almost all industries and all areas of society. It will offer better built, longer lasting, cleaner, safer, and smarter products for the home, for communications, for medicine, for transportation, for agriculture, and for industry in general.

Imagine a medical device that travels through the human body to seek out and destroy small clusters of cancerous cells before they can spread. Or a box no larger than a sugar cube that contains the entire contents of the Library of Congress. Or materials much lighter than steel that possess ten times as much strength. — U.S. National Science Foundation

Dual-Use Technology

Like electricity or computers before it, nanotech will offer greatly improved efficiency in almost every facet of life. But as a general-purpose technology, it will be dual-use, meaning it will have many commercial uses and it also will have many military uses—making far more powerful weapons and tools of surveillance. Thus it represents not only wonderful benefits for humanity, but also grave risks.

A key understanding of nanotechnology is that it offers not just better products, but a vastly improved manufacturing process. A computer can make copies of data files—essentially as many copies as you want at little or no cost. It may be only a matter of time until the building of products becomes as cheap as the copying of files. That's the real meaning of nanotechnology, and why it is sometimes seen as "the next industrial revolution."

My own judgment is that the nanotechnology revolution has the potential to change America on a scale equal to, if not greater than, the computer revolution. — U.S. Senator Ron Wyden (D-Ore.)

The power of nanotechnology can be encapsulated in an apparently simple device called a personal nanofactory that may sit on your countertop or desktop. Packed with miniature chemical processors, computing, and robotics, it will produce a wide-range of items quickly, cleanly, and inexpensively, building products directly from blueprints.

Artist's Conception of a Personal NanofactoryCourtesy of John Burch, Lizard Fire Studios (3D Animation, Game Development)

Exponential Proliferation

Nanotechnology not only will allow making many high-quality products at very low cost, but it will allow making new nanofactories at the same low cost and at the same rapid speed. This unique (outside of biology, that is) ability to reproduce its own means of production is why nanotech is said to be an exponential technology. It represents a manufacturing system that will be able to make more manufacturing systems—factories that can build factories—rapidly, cheaply, and cleanly. The means of production will be able to reproduce exponentially, so in just a few weeks a few nanofactories conceivably could become billions. It is a revolutionary, transformative, powerful, and potentially very dangerous—or beneficial—technology.

How soon will all this come about? Conservative estimates usually say 20 to 30 years from now, or even much later than that. However, CRN is concerned that it may occur sooner, quite possibly within the next decade. This is because of the rapid progress being made in enabling technologies, such as optics, nanolithography, mechanochemistry and 3D prototyping. If it does arrive that soon, we may not be adequately prepared, and the consequences could be severe.

We believe it's not too early to begin asking some tough questions and facing the issues:

	Who will own the technology?
	Will it be heavily restricted, or widely available?
	What will it do to the gap between rich and poor?
	How can dangerous weapons be controlled, and perilous arms races be prevented?

Many of these questions were first raised over a decade ago, and have not yet been answered. If the questions are not answered with deliberation, answers will evolve independently and will take us by surprise; the surprise is likely to be unpleasant.

It is difficult to say for sure how soon this technology will mature, partly because it's possible (especially in countries that do not have open societies) that clandestine military or industrial development programs have been going on for years without our knowledge.

We cannot say with certainty that full-scale nanotechnology will not be developed with the next ten years, or even five years. It may take longer than that, but prudence—and possibly our survival—demands that we prepare now for the earliest plausible development scenario

What is Quantum Computing ?

2020-05-06T22:28:00.001+05:30

A Reference from Google ask-techspert

Quantum computing sounds like something out of a sci-fi movie. But it’s real, and scientists and engineers are working to make it a practical reality. Google engineers are creating chips the size of a quarter that could revolutionize the computers of tomorrow. But what is quantum computing, exactly?

The Keyword’s very first Techspert is Marissa Giustina, a research scientist and quantum electronics engineer in our Santa Barbara office. We asked her to explain how this emerging technology actually works.

What do we need to know about conventional computers when we think about ? quantum computers

At a first glance, “information” seems like an abstract concept. Sure, information can be stored by writing and drawing—humans figured that out a long time ago. Still, there doesn’t seem to be anything physically tangible about the process of thinking.

Enter the personal computer. It’s a machine—a purely physical object—that manipulates information. So how does it do that, if it’s a physical machine and information is abstract? Well, information is actually physical. Computers store and process rich, detailed information by breaking it down. At a low level, a computer represents information as a series of “bits.” Each bit can take a value of either [0] or [1], and physically, these bits are tiny electrical switches that can be either open [0] or closed [1]. Emails, photos and videos on YouTube are all represented by long sequences of bits—long rows of tiny electrical switches inside a computer.

The computer “computes” by manipulating those bits, like changing between [0] and [1] (opening or closing a switch), or checking whether two bits have equal or opposite values and setting another bit accordingly. These bit-level manipulations are the basis of even the fanciest computer programs.

Ones and zeros, like "The Matrix." Got it. So then what is a quantum computer?

A quantum computer is a machine that stores and manipulates information as quantum bits, or “qubits,” instead of the “classical” bits we were talking about before. Quantum bits are good at storing and manipulating a different kind of information than classical bits, since they are governed by rules of quantum mechanics—the same rules that govern the behavior of atoms and molecules.

What’s the difference between a bit and a qubit?

This is where it gets more complicated. Remember that a classical bit is just a switch: it has only two possible configurations: [open] or [closed]. A qubit’s configuration has a lot more possibilities. Physicists often think of a qubit like a little globe, with [0] at the north pole and [1] at the south pole, and the qubit’s configuration is represented by a point on the globe. In manipulating the qubit, we can send any point on the globe to any other point on the globe.

At first, it sounds like a qubit can hold way more information than a regular bit. But there’s a catch: the “rules” of quantum mechanics restrict what kinds of information we can get out of a qubit. If we want to know the configuration of a classical bit, we just look at it, and we see that the switch is either open [0] or closed [1]. If we want to know the configuration of a qubit, we measure it, but the only possible measurement outcomes are [0] (north pole) or [1] (south pole). A qubit that was situated on the equator will measure as [0] 50 percent of the time and [1] the other 50 percent of the time. That means we have to repeat measurements many times in order to learn about a qubit’s actual configuration.

Researcher Marissa Giustina (right) in the Google AI Quantum hardware lab shares quantum computing hardware with Google executives. On the left, you can see the coldest part of a cryostat and some quantum hardware mounted to the bottom.

So if qubits are so tricky to measure, how can you build a quantum computer?

Well, you’re right—it’s complicated! My main focus at Google, together with my teammates, is to figure out how to build a quantum computer and how we can use it. Years of research have given us a pretty good idea of how to build and control a few quantum bits, but the process of scaling up to a full quantum processor is not just “copy-paste.” We’re also continuing to investigate possible uses of quantum computers, where there’s a lot that's unknown. It’s wrong to think of a quantum computer as a more powerful version of your regular computer. Instead, each is a machine that’s good at certain—and different—kinds of tasks. If you’re going to your local grocery store, you’d take a car or walk, but you wouldn’t

take a plane or a spaceship.

What does a quantum computer look like?

In our hardware at Google, the qubits are resonant electrical circuits made of patterned aluminum on a silicon chip. In our qubits, electricity sloshes around the circuit at a lower or higher energy to encode the quantum version of [0] and [1]. We use aluminum because at very low temperatures aluminum becomes superconducting, which means it experiences no electrical loss. By “very low temperatures” I mean that we operate our quantum processors in a special refrigerator called a cryostat, which cools the chips to below 50 millikelvin—significantly colder than outer space!

When you see pictures of “a quantum computer,” usually you notice the cryostat—which is bigger than a person. But that’s just the shell, providing the proper environment for the processor to function. The quantum processor itself is a silicon chip installed in the cryostat, and is closer to the size of a coin. The qubits are small, roughly 0.1 mm across, but not that small—you can see them with the naked eye (though it’s easier with a magnifying glass or microscope).

Do you know what we would use a quantum computer for?

As I mentioned, a quantum computer is a novel kind of computing machine—not a speedier or beefier version of your laptop. However, quantum computers, with their fundamentally different way of encoding and manipulating information, promise to be good at some problems that would choke regular computers. One example is the simulation of chemical reactions.

Suppose a chemist wants to develop a material—for example a better fertilizer, an anti-corrosion coating, or an efficient solar cell. Even if the chemist knows the structure of a new molecule they’re developing, they won’t know how that molecule behaves in the real world until they make it and test it. This makes materials research laborious and expensive. It would be much more efficient if researchers could simulate the behavior of a new molecule before synthesizing it in the lab. However, every atom in a molecule is affected by every other atom, which means that each time you add an atom to a molecule, there are twice as many parameters to include in the simulation. As a result, chemistry simulation becomes impossible for a classical computer, even for relatively small molecules. The quantum computer, in contrast, is based in the same physics that governs the molecule’s behavior. I’m optimistic that quantum computers could change the way we do research on materials.

What is Data Science ?

2020-05-05T21:54:00.001+05:30

A Reference From Intellipaat.com

Data Science is a detailed study of the flow of information from the colossal amounts of data present in an organization’s repository. It involves obtaining meaningful insights from raw and unstructured data which is processed through analytical, programming, and business skills. Let's get started with our 'What is Data Science?' blog.

Importance of Data Science: The Current Scenario

In a world that is increasingly becoming a digital space, organizations deal with zettabytes and yottabytes of structured and unstructured data every day. Evolving technologies have enabled cost savings and smarter storage spaces to store critical data.

Currently, in the industry, there is a huge need for skilled and certified Data Scientists. They are among the highest-paid professionals in the IT industry. According to Forbes, ‘the best job in America is of a Data Scientist with an average annual salary of $110,000’. Only a few people have the capability to process it and derive valuable insights out of it.

Furthermore, looking at the huge and ever-increasing requirements, McKinsey has predicted that there will be a 50 percent gap in the supply of Data Scientists versus its demand in the upcoming years. That’s why in this blog we are talking about ‘What is Data Science?’

In recent years, there is a huge growth in the field of Internet of Things (IoT), due to which 90 percent of the data has been generated in the current world. Every day, 2.5 quintillion bytes of data are generated, and it is more accelerated with the growth of IoT. This data comes from all possible sources such as:

Sensors used in shopping malls to gather shoppers’ information
Posts on social media platforms
Digital pictures and videos captured in our phones
Purchase transactions made through e-commerce

This data is known as big data.

Companies are flooded with colossal amounts of data. Thus, it is very important to know what to do with this exploding data and how to utilize it.

It is here, the concept of Data Science comes into the picture. Data Science brings together a lot of skills like statistics, mathematics, and business domain knowledge and helps an organization find ways to:

Reduce costs
Get into new markets
Tap on different demographics
Gauge the effectiveness of a marketing campaign
Launch a new product or service

And the list is endless!

Therefore, regardless of the industry vertical, Data Science is likely to play a key role in your organization’s success.

Look at the below infographic, and you will be able to understand how Data Science is creating its impression:

How do top industry players use Data Science?

In this section of the ‘What is Data Science?’ blog, we will look at how top industry players like Google, Amazon, and Visa are using Data Science. IT organizations need to address their complex and expanding data environments in order to identify new value sources, exploit opportunities, and grow or optimize themselves, efficiently. Here, the deciding factor for an organization is ‘what value they extract from their data repository using analytics and how well they present it’. Below, we list some of the biggest and best companies that are hiring Data Scientists at top-notch salaries.

Google is by far the biggest company that is on a hiring spree for trained Data Scientists. Since Google is mostly driven by Data Science, Artificial Intelligence, and Machine Learning these days, it offers one of the best Data Science salaries to its employees.

Amazon is a global e-commerce and cloud computing giant that is hiring Data Scientists on a big scale. They need Data Scientists to find out customer mindset and enhance the geographical reach of both e-commerce and cloud domains, among other business-driven goals.

An online financial gateway for most companies, Visa does transactions worth hundreds and millions in a single day. Due to this, the need for Data Scientists is huge at Visa to generate more revenue, check fraudulent transactions, and customize products and services as per customer requirements, etc.

Data Science Life Cycle

For a better understanding of ‘What is Data Science?’, let’s explore its life cycle. Suppose, Mr. X is the owner of a retail store and his goal is to improve the sales of his store by identifying the drivers of sales. To accomplish the goal, he needs to answer the following questions:

Which are the most profitable products in the store?
How are the in-store promotions working?
Are the product placements effectively deployed?

His primary aim is to answer these questions which would surely influence the outcome of the project. Hence, he appoints you as a Data Scientist. Let’s solve this problem using the Data Science life cycle.

Data Discovery

The first phase in the Data Science life cycle is data discovery for any Data Science problem. It includes ways to discover data from various sources which could be in an unstructured format like videos or images or in a structured format like in text files, or it could be from relational database systems. Organizations are also peeping into customer social media data, and the like, to understand customer mindset better.

In this stage, as a Data Scientist, our objective would be to boost the sales of Mr. X’s retail store. Here, factors affecting the sales could be:

Store location
Staff
Working hours
Promotions
Product placement
Product pricing
Competitors’ location and promotions, and so on

Keeping these factors in mind, we would develop clarity on the data and procure this data for our analysis. At the end of this stage, we would collect all data that pertain to the elements listed above.

Data Preparation

Once the data discovery phase is completed, the next stage is data preparation. It includes converting disparate data into a common format in order to work with it seamlessly. This process involves collecting clean data subsets and inserting suitable defaults, and it can also involve more complex methods like identifying missing values by modeling, and so on. Once the data cleaning is done, the next step is to integrate and create a conclusion from the dataset for analysis. This involves the integration of data which includes merging two or more tables of the same objects, but storing different information, or summarizing fields in a table using aggregation. Here, we would also try to explore and understand what patterns and values our datasets have.

Mathematical Models

Do you know, all Data Science projects have certain mathematical models driving them. These models are planned and built by the Data Scientists in order to suit the specific need of the business organization. This might involve various areas of the mathematical domain including statistics, logistic and linear regression, differential and integral calculus, etc. Various tools and apparatus used in this regard could be R statistical computing tools, Python programming language, SAS advanced analytical tools, SQL, and various data visualization tools like Tableau and QlikView.

Also, to generate a satisfactory result, one model might not be enough. We need to use two or more models. In this scenario, a Data scientist will create a group of models. After measuring the models, he/she will revise the parameters and fine-tune them for the next modeling run. This process will continue until the Data Scientist is pretty sure that he/she has found the best model.

In this stage, as a Data Scientist, you will build mathematical models based on the business needs of Mr. X, i.e., based on if product A or product B is the most profitable in the store, whether the product placements are effectively working in the store, etc.

Getting Things in Action

Once the data is prepared and the models are built, it is time to get these models working in order to achieve the desired results. There might be various discrepancies and a lot of troubleshooting that might be needed, and thus the model might have to be tweaked. Here, model evaluation explains the performance of the model.

In this stage, you as a Data Scientist will gather information and derive outcomes based on the business requirements of Mr. X.

Communication

Communicating the findings is the last but not the least step in a Data Science endeavor. In this stage, the Data Scientist needs to be a liaison between various teams and should be able to seamlessly communicate his findings to key stakeholders and decision-makers in the organization so that actions can be taken based on the recommendations of the Data Scientist.

In our example, based on the findings, you will communicate and recommend certain changes in the business strategy so that Mr. X can earn the maximum profit.

Data Science Components

Now, in this ‘What is Data Science?’ blog, we will discuss some of the key components of Data Science, which are:

Data (and Its Various Types)

The raw dataset is the foundation of Data Science, and it can be of various types like structured data (mostly in a tabular form) and unstructured data (images, videos, emails, PDF files, etc.)

Programming (Python and R)

Data management and analysis is done by computer programming. In Data Science, two programming languages are most popular: Python and R.

Statistics and Probability

Data is manipulated to extract information out of it. The mathematical foundation of Data Science is statistics and probability. Without having a clear knowledge of statistics and probability, there is a high possibility of misinterpreting data and reaching at incorrect conclusions. That’s the reason why statistics and probability play a crucial role in Data Science.

Machine Learning

As a Data Scientist, every day, you will be using Machine Learning algorithms such as regression and classification methods. It is very important for a Data Scientist to know Machine learning as a part of their job so that they can predict valuable insights from available data.

Big Data

In the current world, raw data is compared with crude oil, and the way we extract refined oil from the crude oil, by applying Data Science, we can extract different kinds of information from raw data. Different tools used by Data Scientists to process big data are Java, Hadoop, R, Pig, Apache Spark, etc.