tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-51083230008455372642026-03-19T16:44:37.974+00:00Supplemental Basic Electrical Training Course for Learning Industrial Process Automation Control System Technology, Electric Motor Controllers, GE-Fanuc, Mitsubishi, Omron PLC, Logic Programming for Applications with Industrial Process Automation SystemsIan Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.comBlogger64125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-63205679228393952592014-08-15T08:34:00.001+01:002014-08-15T08:34:55.802+01:00

Pointers for Operating Alternators in Parallel: 1) If the load of a single generator becomes too large that its rating is exceeded, it is necessary to add another generator in parallel to increase the power available from the power station. Before attempting to connect AC generator in parallel, the following conditions must be met: 1-1) The voltages of the alternators must be in phase. 1-2) The

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-23258729046888095112014-08-15T05:09:00.000+01:002014-08-15T05:09:50.485+01:00

Figure 1: Cutaway view of  an eight pole, 2000 horsepower synchronous motor. Introduction: The synchronous motor is one type of three phase AC motor which operates at a constant speed from no-load to full-load.  It is similar in construction to a three phase AC generator but it has a revolving field which must be separately excited from a direct current source.  By changing the

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-71523852578677885242014-08-10T06:31:00.000+01:002014-08-10T06:31:01.918+01:00

Figure 1: A typical three phase motor.                                                       Figure 2: Stator of a three phase motor. Figure 3: Rotor of a three phase motor. Figure 4: Stator of a three phase motor with all the coils in their slots.

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-35973031377282482692014-04-10T10:19:00.000+01:002014-06-16T04:33:25.475+01:00

Shaded-Pole Induction Motor Figure 1: Cutaway view of a totally enclosed fan-cooled shaded-pole induction motor A shaded-pole motor maybe defined as a single-phase induction motor provided with an auxiliary short-circuited winding or windings displaced in magnetic position from the main winding. Shaded-pole induction motors are used in a wide variety of applications requiring an induction

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-28172984080847877552014-02-07T11:00:00.000+00:002014-06-17T03:15:04.348+01:00

TWO-VALUE CAPACITOR MOTOR Figure 1: An autotransformer consisting of a coil of wire wound on a laminated core. The coil is tapped at several points to obtain different voltages Figure 2: A voltage approximately twice the line voltage will be produced across the capacitor with this connection. Figure 3: A two-value capacitor-run motor using a capacitor transformer to change the

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-67278415070226520002014-02-07T09:57:00.000+00:002014-02-07T09:59:06.101+00:00

PERMANENT SPLIT CAPACITOR MOTOR Figure 1: A permanent-split capacitor-run motor with the capacitor mounted on the motor Figure 2: An externally reversible permanent-split capacitor motor. To reverse, interchange leads T5 and T8 Figure 3: A two-voltage permanent-split capacitor motor connected for 115 volt operation Figure 4: A single-value three-lead reversible permanent-split

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-57916443133859465782014-01-31T07:15:00.000+00:002014-01-31T07:47:41.039+00:00

Figure 1: Typical capacitor start motor Figure 2: Typical examples of oil capacitors Figure 3: Typical example of electrolytic capacitor Figure 4: Connection diagram of a capacitor start motor Figure 5: Straight-line diagram of a four-pole capacitor-start motor Figure 6: Connection diagram of a four-pole capacitor-start motor Figure 7: Connection diagram of a non-reversible

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-48329172705310458662013-12-01T05:24:00.000+00:002013-12-01T06:16:43.367+00:00

Standard terminal markings, as developed by NEMA, are given for series, shunt and compound motors in figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3 respectively. These figures all show compensating-field as well as commutating-field windings since they are intended to cover both fractional horsepower and integral horsepower motors. Fractional horsepower motors do not generally use compensating windings and they

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-1797009062983766242013-12-01T05:22:00.000+00:002013-12-01T05:22:36.739+00:00

Procedure for reversing direct current motors Direct current motors are reversed by changing the direction of current flow through the armature or through the field. In series motors, the usual procedure is to reverse the current through the armature. Figure 1 shows this method. All that is necessary is to interchange the leads on the brush holders. Figure 2 shows the series motor reversed by

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-45181500330843983432013-11-30T06:47:00.000+00:002013-11-30T18:12:34.457+00:00

Nearly all shunt and compound motors of 1/2 horsepower or more have commutating fields or interpoles located between the main poles. These interpoles have one winding of heavy wire and are connected in series with the armature as shown in figure 1. The purpose of the interpole is to prevent sparking. There are usually as many interpoles as main poles, although half as many may be used without

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-87725169587744500772013-11-30T06:14:00.000+00:002013-11-30T18:03:04.729+00:00

Figure 1: Two-pole compound DC motor The motor shown in figure 1 above is one of the four different types of compound wound DC (direct current) motors. Although this type is known as the most common form of connection, it is the one used most often and the one which should be used unless otherwise specified. It is essential also to discuss the other types of compound wound

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-44375586882914315002013-11-26T09:03:00.000+00:002013-11-26T09:49:15.831+00:00

Connecting Direct Current (DC) Motors It is of utmost importance to firstly know and understand the various internal configuration of the different types of DC motors before doing the actual wiring connection.  Although DC motors may appear to only have two leads for its external wiring connection terminals, it will serve best to habitually apply a good practice of knowing first the type of

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-74833556213192479072013-11-25T17:49:00.000+00:002013-11-26T01:29:40.679+00:00

Fundamental types of Direct Current (DC) motors: 1.) Series Field DC Motor - The series field DC motor contains field coils composed of a few turns of wire connected in series with the armature as shown in Figure 1 below.  This motor has high starting torque and a variable speed characteristic.  The greater the load the motor carries, the lower the speed. At light loads, the motor

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-82780999157232822212013-11-24T07:58:00.000+00:002013-11-24T07:58:46.764+00:00

Direct Current Motors - DC Motors are used to convert DC energy into mechanical energy. They are well suited for use as either constant-speed or adjustable speed motors. The three types (Shunt, Series, and Compound) which are available provide the range of speed torque characteristics for applications which require: - Smooth acceleration, retardation, or deceleration. - A carefully controlled

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-79931348754299993152013-11-21T06:58:00.000+00:002013-11-21T06:58:44.361+00:00

The Warbling Alarm is made up of sawtooth wave generator and voltage controlled tone generator operated in tandem. Q1, R1, R2, C1, R3 comprise the sawtooth wave generator. At the instant power is applied to the circuit, the voltage across C1 and hence at the anode of Q1 would be zero. C1 would then be slowly charged by R3 towards +12V. Once the voltage across C1 exceeds the value of the

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-55534830935880792072013-11-18T15:58:00.001+00:002013-11-22T00:26:59.168+00:00

At some point in time, you may happen to have an old industrial pump unit wired inside an existing control panel that would require circuit modification in order to include an alarm system. What is being referred to here are pump systems most commonly found in industrial facilities such as oil pump, hydraulic pump, grease pump, water pump, air pump or air compressors, but nevertheless, the

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-585000998360582132013-10-30T19:03:00.002+00:002013-11-06T12:04:16.081+00:00

When the need to conveniently pick up and lift heavy iron or steel objects for transferring from one place to another was seen as a necessity in heavy industrial facilities, the concept of using an electromagnet was implemented due to its ability to be turned ON and OFF which was then incorporated effectively to the hoist function of overhead cranes. Overhead-travelling-crane magnets are

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-46784830260452176382013-10-19T18:00:00.001+01:002013-10-29T01:47:29.121+00:00

The previous article illustrated the concept of the wiring connection of a 3 wire DC proximity sensor to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Alternatively, in this article, I will explain another approach on the wiring connection of the same proximity sensor but without using a PLC. The connection of a proximity sensor to an electrical circuit is not limited to only one possibility. Instead

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-71122353328159336752013-10-17T19:54:00.003+01:002013-10-20T05:20:58.510+01:00

Knowing how to connect a 3 wire DC solid state proximity sensor to a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is dependent on the type of proximity sensor and the PLC to be used that is specific to the design of the circuit and the preferred application. There are two basic types of 3 wire proximity sensor applicable to certain types of PLC. The European standard PLCs are designed for positive logic

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-23845072130742840632013-10-09T06:48:00.000+01:002013-10-20T04:35:16.888+01:00

What is a pinch roller? A pinch roller is a rotating machine consisting mainly of two rollers arranged in parallel either horizontally or vertically depending on the process required to pull the material that is rolled in the mill. These two rollers are coupled to a variable speed electric motor which is constantly rotating at a preset speed that is synchronized with the speed of the preceding

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-63214692400186838452013-05-06T03:07:00.001+01:002013-10-28T05:50:19.250+00:00

This blog post is not only intended to provide a graphical illustration but will also explain the procedure and the operational concept involving the wiring principle of the forward reverse motor control circuit with the use of a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). A diagram of the ladder program contained inside the PLC memory specifically for this function is also included below to clearly

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-89860475827187753772013-04-15T17:54:00.000+01:002013-05-06T00:21:28.858+01:00

This article is intended to diagrammatically demonstrate the concept of the wiring principle of a star delta (wye delta) motor control and power circuit when using a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) ladder program to control the switching of a 440 volts induction motor. The electrical components comprising the hardware parts of the circuit includes: 1.) 440 volts to 220 volts step-down

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-11848386985922800492013-03-18T18:21:00.000+00:002013-03-19T10:54:37.115+00:00

The following is a sample tutorial of a typical timing sequence involving a start and stop function of a common DOL (Direct On Line) motor control circuit using PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) ladder program. The electrical components comprising the hardware parts of the control circuit includes: First stage start push button switch PBW (normally-open contact) - 1 piece. Third stage

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-15999244583681404042013-02-13T18:11:00.000+00:002013-04-24T09:15:10.849+01:00

There are mainly two basic types of circuit connection in an electrical system. These two basic configuration are most commonly known as the series connection and the parallel connection. Although there are a lot of other complex circuits constructed from various designs and installation purposes to suit specific electrical requirements, all of them are based from a combination of these two

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5108323000845537264.post-47346430100926279662013-02-11T00:33:00.000+00:002013-04-24T09:03:07.226+01:00

Introduction: When you get behind the wheel of a car, what is the next thing that you would most certainly do besides closing the door and strapping yourself securely to the seat. Obviously enough, it is expected that you would turn the ignition to start the engine, grab the steering wheel, shift the gear and step on the pedal because this is the most basic routine that every driver would

Ian Yamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/03891675287718111859noreply@blogger.com