<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253</id><updated>2026-01-26T08:48:21.236-03:00</updated><category term="Inquisição e Cruzadas"/><category term="Artigos Zenit"/><category term="Ordem de Malta"/><category term="Santos"/><category term="Fim da Ordem do Templo"/><category term="Símbolos"/><category term="Vídeos"/><category term="Catedrais"/><category term="Cruzes"/><category term="Filosofia"/><category term="Idade Média"/><category term="Politicamente Incorreto"/><category term="Temas Variados"/><category term="Áudio"/><category term="Cátaros"/><category term="Ordem de Cristo"/><category term="Ordem do Santo Sepulcro"/><category term="Processo contra os Templários"/><category term="Programas"/><category term="A Igreja Católica as ordens de cavalaria e os cavaleiros templários"/><category term="A moralidade das atividades perigosas"/><category term="Armas"/><category term="Arte Gótica"/><category term="Balduíno IV"/><category term="Bestiário"/><category term="Bulas"/><category term="Cabeça"/><category term="Cavaleiro Medieval"/><category term="Cavalhadas"/><category term="Caveira"/><category term="Cistercienses Beneditinos e Templários"/><category term="Concílio de Viena"/><category term="Confrarias de Mestres e Operários"/><category term="Cristeros"/><category term="De Laude Novae Militiae - Elogio a Nova Milícia"/><category term="Decreto Contra o Comunismo"/><category term="Dicionário de Latim"/><category term="Escravidão"/><category term="Exorcismo"/><category term="Filmes e Livros"/><category term="Galileu"/><category term="Guarda Suiça"/><category term="Halloween"/><category term="História"/><category term="Iluminismo"/><category term="Jihad e cruzada"/><category term="Lema dos Templários"/><category term="Maldição"/><category term="Manuscritos do Mar Morto"/><category term="Maçonaria"/><category term="Mulher"/><category term="Natal"/><category term="O Rei Leproso"/><category term="Os Templários e a Caça"/><category term="Parapsicologia"/><category term="Patagônia"/><category term="Patrono dos caçadores"/><category term="Pergaminho de Chinon"/><category term="Processus Contra Templarios"/><category term="Qumran"/><category term="Regra Primitiva"/><category term="Revolução Francesa"/><category term="Salmo 115"/><category term="Scanderbeg"/><category term="Sudário"/><category term="Suma Teológica"/><category term="São Bernardo de Claraval"/><category term="Temas Complementares"/><category term="Templários"/><category term="Templários na Patagônia"/><category term="Terapia das doenças espirituais"/><category term="Tortura"/><category term="Touradas - provas campeiras - rodeio… Moralidade e reflexões sobre seus valores e virtudes"/><category term="VINGANÇA"/><category term="Valdenses"/><category term="albigenses"/><category term="“Ecce quam bonum” – “Oh como é bom como é agradável para irmãos unidos viverem juntos”"/><title type='text'>Templários</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>82</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-2442830418219729799</id><published>2023-04-12T11:31:00.006-03:00</published><updated>2023-04-12T11:33:26.334-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="VINGANÇA"/><title type='text'>Santo Tomás - Se a vingança é lícita</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Art. 1 – Se a vingança é lícita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIq7FGO8DN8CWlZu6rClFgi0N4En9II8ECYLe9VE8v765eT2TUPju__XpgDOrvKEy6rJ4_QZFtaqv51h9_5fcx9iBlUUtTv0pxxiYGo4I6zG7nS47ERnsYCPsqki2f5adQyg1l_xQrL2NAzp-_GYkk8B-yfPBt9opONwPlcdCfvn1EVY4s9x4mWK8E/s549/sao-tomas-de-aquino-religiao.JPG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;549&quot; data-original-width=&quot;360&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIq7FGO8DN8CWlZu6rClFgi0N4En9II8ECYLe9VE8v765eT2TUPju__XpgDOrvKEy6rJ4_QZFtaqv51h9_5fcx9iBlUUtTv0pxxiYGo4I6zG7nS47ERnsYCPsqki2f5adQyg1l_xQrL2NAzp-_GYkk8B-yfPBt9opONwPlcdCfvn1EVY4s9x4mWK8E/s320/sao-tomas-de-aquino-religiao.JPG&quot; width=&quot;210&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;O primeiro discute–se assim. – Parece que a vingança não é lícita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;1. – Pois, quem para si usurpa o que é de Deus, peca. Ora, a vingança pertence a Deus, como diz a Escritura, conforme outra letra: Minha é a vingança e eu lhes darei o pago. Logo, toda vingança é ilícita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;2. Demais. – Não toleramos aquele de quem nos vingamos. Ora, devemos tolerar os maus; pois, àquilo da Escritura – Bem como o lírio entre os espinhos, diz a Glosa: Não foi bom quem não pode tolerar os maus. Logo, não devemos nos vingar dos maus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;3. Demais. – A vingança aplica castigos que causam um temor servil. Ora, a Lei Evangélica não é uma lei de temor, mas de amor, como diz Agostinho. Logo, pelo menos o Novo Testamento não permite nenhuma vingança.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;4. Demais. – Vinga–se quem tira desforço das injúrias sofridas. Ora, segundo parece, não é lícito, mesmo ao juiz, punir os que delinquem contra ele. Pois, diz Crisóstomo: Aprendamos, ao exemplo de Cristo, a suportar com magnanimidade as nossas injúrias;&amp;nbsp; mas, injúrias a Deus não consintamos nem mesmo em as ouvir. Logo, a vingança parece ilícita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;5. Demais. – O pecado da multidão é mais nocivo que o de um só; pois, diz a Escritura: De três cousas se receou o meu coração: da delação duma cidade, do levantamento dum povo mancomunado e da calúnia mentirosa. Ora, do pecado da multidão não se deve tirar vingança; pois, àquilo do Evangelho – Para que talvez não suceda que arranqueis o trigo, deixai crescer uma e outra – diz a Glosa: nem a multidão nem o príncipe devem ser excomungados. Logo, também não é licita qualquer outra vingança.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;Mas, em contrário. – De Deus só devemos esperar o que e bom e lícito. Ora, devemos esperar de Deus a vingança dos nossos inimigos, conforme ao Evangelho. Deus não fará justiça aos seus escolhidos que estão clamando a ele de dia e de noite? E como se respondesse: Por certo a fará. Logo, em si mesma a vingança não é má e ilícita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;SOLUÇÃO. – A vingança se consuma infligindo ao que pecou, uma pena, como um mal. Logo, devemos levar em conta na vingança, o ânimo com que age quem a exerce. ­ Se, pois, a sua intenção principalmente está no mal daquele de quem tirou vingança e nela se compraz, a vingança é absolutamente ilícita. Porque o nos comprazermos com o mal de outrem supõe o ódio, contrário à caridade, que nos manda amar a todos os homens. Nem pode escusar–se ninguém dizendo que quer o mal de quem injustamente lh&#39;o fez, assim como não seria escusado quem odiasse ao que o odeia. Pois, não devemos pecar contra outrem por ter este antes pecado contra nós, o que seria deixarmo–nos vencer do mal, procedimento proibido pelo Apóstolo, quando diz: Não te deixes vencer do mal, mas, vence o mal com o bem. – Mas. se a intenção de quem se vinga visa principalmente um bem, que obteria punindo o pecador – por exemplo, fazendo–o emendar–se ou pelo menos coibindo–o, dando paz aos outros, salvando a justiça e a honra de Deus&amp;nbsp; – nesse caso a vingança pode ser lícita, uma vez observadas as circunstâncias devidas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;DONDE A RESPOSTA À PRIMEIRA OBJEÇÃO. – Quem, conforme o grau da sua posição exerce a vingança contra os maus, não usurpa para si o que é de Deus, mas usa do poder que Deus lhe conferiu, conforme o diz o Apóstolo, do príncipe temporal: O ministro de Deus é vingador em ira contra aquele que obra mal. Mas, quem exerce a vingança fora ria ordem instituída por Deus usurpa o que é de Deus e portanto peca.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;RESPOSTA À SEGUNDA. – Os maus são tolerados pelos bons por sofrerem estes pacientemente, como devem as injúrias que aqueles lhes as sacam; mas não os toleram para suportarem as injúrias feitas a Deus e ao próximo. Pois, diz Crisóstomo: É louvável sofrer pacientemente injúrias feitas a nós; mas, é tudo quanto há de ímpio dissimular as– feitas a Deus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;RESPOSTA À TERCEIRA. – A lei do Evangelho é uma lei de amor. Por isso, aos que fazem o bem por amor, único que vivem propriamente sob a lei evangélica, não se lhes deve incutir o temor, por meio de penas; mas, só&amp;nbsp; aqueles que não se deixam persuadir pelo amor à prática de boas obras e que, embora façam parte do número dos filhos da Igreja, não lhe pertencem porém pelo merecimento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;RESPOSTA À QUARTA. – A injúria assacada contra outrem redunda às vezes contra Deus e a Igreja. E então devemos vingar a injúria que sofremos, como se deu com Elias, que fez descer o fogo do céu sobre os que vieram prendê–lo, como se lê na Escritura. E do mesmo modo Eliseu amaldiçoou os meninos que zombavam dele, como também narra a Escritura; e o Papa Silvestre excomungou os que o mandaram ao exílio. – Mas, quando a injúria só nos fere a nossa própria pessoa, devemos tolerá–la pacientemente, se nos for possível. Pois, esse preceito da paciência deve ser entendido relativamente à disposição da nossa alma, como diz Agostinho.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;RESPOSTA À QUINTA. – Quando todo o povo peca, deve–se tirar vingança dele, ou totalmente, como no caso dos Egípcios que, perseguindo os filhos de Israel, ficaram submersos no Mar Vermelho; e também no dos Sodomitas, que todos pereceram – o que tudo se lê na Escritura. Ou, em grande parte do povo, como no caso dos que adoraram o bezerro. Outras vezes porém se há lugar de esperar que o povo venha a corrigir–se, a severidade da vingança deve recair sobre os cabeças que, uma vez punidos, infundirão terror aos outros; assim, o Senhor mandou enforcar os príncipes do povo, por causa. do pecado da multidão. – Se não foi porém toda a multidão, mas só parte dela, a que pecou, então a vingança deve exercer–se sobre os maus, se puderem ser separados dos bons; mas, se puder sê–lo sem escândalo dos outros, pois, do contrário, deve–se ter compadecimento da multidão e pôr­ de lado a severidade. E o mesmo se deve dizer do chefe, a quem a multidão obedece. Assim, deve–se lhe tolerar o pecado se não puder ser punido sem escândalo da multidão; salvo se o seu pecado fosse tal que prejudicasse ao povo, espiritual ou temporalmente mais do que o escândalo resultante da punição.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: verdana;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Suma Teológica II-II, q. 108, a. 1&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/2442830418219729799'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/2442830418219729799'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2023/04/santo-tomas-se-vinganca-e-licita.html' title='Santo Tomás - Se a vingança é lícita'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIq7FGO8DN8CWlZu6rClFgi0N4En9II8ECYLe9VE8v765eT2TUPju__XpgDOrvKEy6rJ4_QZFtaqv51h9_5fcx9iBlUUtTv0pxxiYGo4I6zG7nS47ERnsYCPsqki2f5adQyg1l_xQrL2NAzp-_GYkk8B-yfPBt9opONwPlcdCfvn1EVY4s9x4mWK8E/s72-c/sao-tomas-de-aquino-religiao.JPG" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-2604955914662555357</id><published>2023-02-16T15:00:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2023-02-16T15:00:29.803-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Cruzes"/><title type='text'>Cruz de Caravaca</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcFQdecBA9Ybk9jSsxv3tzA-wiOs25kZ6duEg7UssgMff46aqfshOgxVr0pEnJbrcRp8czxPtklLoT9B-r42pJYRu04d-bcmg0KDet_80R95ajPLO6TYcbgj8PDjlrA1xQQkhLdhqMPO4GhpIF_kwJ0Hfzv4pZZ1fPuOCnEOkKNMuQFkmP7aNxRuaT/s479/crucif37%20(1).jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;428&quot; data-original-width=&quot;479&quot; height=&quot;286&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcFQdecBA9Ybk9jSsxv3tzA-wiOs25kZ6duEg7UssgMff46aqfshOgxVr0pEnJbrcRp8czxPtklLoT9B-r42pJYRu04d-bcmg0KDet_80R95ajPLO6TYcbgj8PDjlrA1xQQkhLdhqMPO4GhpIF_kwJ0Hfzv4pZZ1fPuOCnEOkKNMuQFkmP7aNxRuaT/s320/crucif37%20(1).jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;&quot;A devoção a esta relíquia é do século XIII e vincula os pedaços de madeiro sagrados a duas ordens religiosas da tradição dos Templários (Cavaleiros Templários) e de Santiago, titulares sucessivos do castelo onde se localizava o templo&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: &amp;quot;Open Sans&amp;quot;, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;&quot;&gt;Veja o artigo em:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Open Sans, Verdana, Helvetica, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.acidigital.com/noticias/a-historia-da-cruz-de-caravaca-o-pedaco-do-madeiro-onde-jesus-foi-crucificado-18173&quot;&gt;https://www.acidigital.com/noticias/a-historia-da-cruz-de-caravaca-o-pedaco-do-madeiro-onde-jesus-foi-crucificado-18173&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/2604955914662555357'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/2604955914662555357'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2023/02/cruz-de-caravaca.html' title='Cruz de Caravaca'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcFQdecBA9Ybk9jSsxv3tzA-wiOs25kZ6duEg7UssgMff46aqfshOgxVr0pEnJbrcRp8czxPtklLoT9B-r42pJYRu04d-bcmg0KDet_80R95ajPLO6TYcbgj8PDjlrA1xQQkhLdhqMPO4GhpIF_kwJ0Hfzv4pZZ1fPuOCnEOkKNMuQFkmP7aNxRuaT/s72-c/crucif37%20(1).jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-743383191600721873</id><published>2022-11-14T16:28:00.002-03:00</published><updated>2022-11-14T16:29:49.434-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Natal"/><title type='text'>Jesus nasceu mesmo no dia 25 de dezembro ou é uma festa de origem pagã?</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8VgqakbcilhIXsg7mzS-cdvsh7U5pmUGXEGZX23ga5zqsUwVVfdzdm1kTCpZemNFlm1VAiuXuIlZcZncDRaRAiyzukIM8wICwnMZl5PnufGEkdWaMEHdqmB81JEayfrYmyYjk7Ear480Pw7P_Kqvs1nBKd64FvmpbQUdVoRZlvSbt1_SuxraPogjt/s1280/estudo-biblico-explica-qual-e-a-data-correta-do-nascimento-de-jesus.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;720&quot; data-original-width=&quot;1280&quot; height=&quot;180&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8VgqakbcilhIXsg7mzS-cdvsh7U5pmUGXEGZX23ga5zqsUwVVfdzdm1kTCpZemNFlm1VAiuXuIlZcZncDRaRAiyzukIM8wICwnMZl5PnufGEkdWaMEHdqmB81JEayfrYmyYjk7Ear480Pw7P_Kqvs1nBKd64FvmpbQUdVoRZlvSbt1_SuxraPogjt/s320/estudo-biblico-explica-qual-e-a-data-correta-do-nascimento-de-jesus.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;O primeiro que afirmou com clareza que Jesus nasceu a 25 de Dezembro foi Hipólito de Roma, no seu comentário ao Livro do profeta Daniel, escrito por volta de 204. Depois, alguns exegetas observam que naquele dia se celebrava a festa da Dedicação do Templo de Jerusalém, instituída por Judas Macabeu em 164 a.C. A coincidência de datas significaria então que com Jesus, que apareceu como luz de Deus na noite, se realiza deveras a consagração do templo, o Advento de Deus nesta terra. [1]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;A festividade pagã do “Nascimento do Sol Invicto”, foi instituída pelo imperador Aureliano em 25 de dezembro de 274. [2]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;[1]https://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/pt/audiences/2009/documents/hf_ben-xvi_aud_20091223.html&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;[2] 1945-, Clauss, Manfred, (2001). Die römischen Kaiser : 55 historische Portraits von Caesar bis Iustinian.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/743383191600721873'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/743383191600721873'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2022/11/jesus-nasceu-mesmo-no-dia-25-de.html' title='Jesus nasceu mesmo no dia 25 de dezembro ou é uma festa de origem pagã?'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8VgqakbcilhIXsg7mzS-cdvsh7U5pmUGXEGZX23ga5zqsUwVVfdzdm1kTCpZemNFlm1VAiuXuIlZcZncDRaRAiyzukIM8wICwnMZl5PnufGEkdWaMEHdqmB81JEayfrYmyYjk7Ear480Pw7P_Kqvs1nBKd64FvmpbQUdVoRZlvSbt1_SuxraPogjt/s72-c/estudo-biblico-explica-qual-e-a-data-correta-do-nascimento-de-jesus.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-4120201097896456981</id><published>2022-11-10T13:40:00.002-03:00</published><updated>2023-02-03T15:48:57.492-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ordem de Malta"/><title type='text'>Francisco dissolve liderança dos Cavaleiros de Malta e emite nova constituição</title><content type='html'>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;knowledge-regular, Arial, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #404040; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;Francisco dissolveu a liderança dos Cavaleiros de Malta e instalou um governo provisório.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuE-AQYaDMzs8TIvjL7KQ2CsdfYxxSUWlUaxWTwJdvFmjcDnUO3MA6UK_q6u8_-Boox6u_obpFe6qNtfWLzUjr-8qzT2pAreRkijVb8AbVwqltCmOCTttsUiKsT-Bf3_lixu2-ZlSEWBhMG_H15VsU1FF2mVTmrMntf3_xY8BFqi2rcOeFTDRIMbyL/s360/author.jpg&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;360&quot; data-original-width=&quot;330&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuE-AQYaDMzs8TIvjL7KQ2CsdfYxxSUWlUaxWTwJdvFmjcDnUO3MA6UK_q6u8_-Boox6u_obpFe6qNtfWLzUjr-8qzT2pAreRkijVb8AbVwqltCmOCTttsUiKsT-Bf3_lixu2-ZlSEWBhMG_H15VsU1FF2mVTmrMntf3_xY8BFqi2rcOeFTDRIMbyL/s320/author.jpg&quot; width=&quot;293&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;knowledge-regular, Arial, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #404040; font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span face=&quot;knowledge-regular, Arial, sans-serif&quot; style=&quot;color: #404040;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 20px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-dissolves-knights-malta-leadership-issues-new-constitution-2022-09-03/&quot;&gt;https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-dissolves-knights-malta-leadership-issues-new-constitution-2022-09-03/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/4120201097896456981'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/4120201097896456981'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2022/11/papa-dissolve-lideranca-dos-cavaleiros.html' title='Francisco dissolve liderança dos Cavaleiros de Malta e emite nova constituição'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjuE-AQYaDMzs8TIvjL7KQ2CsdfYxxSUWlUaxWTwJdvFmjcDnUO3MA6UK_q6u8_-Boox6u_obpFe6qNtfWLzUjr-8qzT2pAreRkijVb8AbVwqltCmOCTttsUiKsT-Bf3_lixu2-ZlSEWBhMG_H15VsU1FF2mVTmrMntf3_xY8BFqi2rcOeFTDRIMbyL/s72-c/author.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-4478764746109070194</id><published>2022-09-21T17:10:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2023-02-03T15:50:33.034-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ordem de Malta"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ordem do Santo Sepulcro"/><title type='text'>Encontro com Ratzinger: Ordem Militar de Malta &amp; Ordem equestre do santo Sepulcro de Jerusalém</title><content type='html'>&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Sábado 27 de agosto encontro com&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #4d5156; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;Ratzinger&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA94aqeGYPZ9c3nimHJxvpWtJd8lR2uJpu6N_wkT5QbYXXyzlJdaamWeo_kFAZqFpHgs53sJFEoeZimhnRhBtHwDnlt1WpFLjatd74HJilsYKKP7nuwK5h41p_AIVSE0fG240-t4U0zCnhMogYbEL33IPi0Jif1TSL4ycWVwb5hVaupdkuzROnbNlG/s800/GA_Ordre_du_Saint-S%C3%A9pulcre.svg.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;609&quot; data-original-width=&quot;800&quot; height=&quot;244&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA94aqeGYPZ9c3nimHJxvpWtJd8lR2uJpu6N_wkT5QbYXXyzlJdaamWeo_kFAZqFpHgs53sJFEoeZimhnRhBtHwDnlt1WpFLjatd74HJilsYKKP7nuwK5h41p_AIVSE0fG240-t4U0zCnhMogYbEL33IPi0Jif1TSL4ycWVwb5hVaupdkuzROnbNlG/s320/GA_Ordre_du_Saint-S%C3%A9pulcre.svg.png&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Estavam Presentes:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Conselho de ministros para a Soberana Ordem Militar de Malta, Fra’ John Dunlap, lugar-tenente de Grão-mestre; para a Ordem equestre do santo Sepulcro de Jerusalém, Leonardo Visconti di Modrone; para os cavaleiros de Colombo, Patrick Kelly, cavaleiro supremo; e para os Estados Unidos da América, James Langevin.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Veja mais em:&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.osservatoreromano.va/pt/news/2022-08/por-035/encontro-e-oracao-com-bento-xvi.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.osservatoreromano.va/pt/news/2022-08/por-035/encontro-e-oracao-com-bento-xvi.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;https://www.osservatoreromano.va/pt/news/2022-08/por-035/encontro-e-oracao-com-bento-xvi.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIyFkSwt_rK3tXUBGoQZZNU17X6-OGWuO_eKnrlvlnWQkY7HVJ2zYL9DmqqbRvdW2_Nyz4DkGNN-J99nORBuVr8EGKzp9rPze4phfDrWLyvwTIyI0wr9tOVnWX1XeIaIIqhY0B2MCMa8aDM9Sozpzr1Ml8mOMOJw_jy2zpeeKFg8Dqch5M8taVBNYv/s222/200px-Blason_Ordre_Malte_3D.png&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; data-original-height=&quot;222&quot; data-original-width=&quot;200&quot; height=&quot;222&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIyFkSwt_rK3tXUBGoQZZNU17X6-OGWuO_eKnrlvlnWQkY7HVJ2zYL9DmqqbRvdW2_Nyz4DkGNN-J99nORBuVr8EGKzp9rPze4phfDrWLyvwTIyI0wr9tOVnWX1XeIaIIqhY0B2MCMa8aDM9Sozpzr1Ml8mOMOJw_jy2zpeeKFg8Dqch5M8taVBNYv/s1600/200px-Blason_Ordre_Malte_3D.png&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/4478764746109070194'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/4478764746109070194'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2022/09/encontro-com-bento-xvi-ordem-militar-de.html' title='Encontro com Ratzinger: Ordem Militar de Malta &amp; Ordem equestre do santo Sepulcro de Jerusalém'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhA94aqeGYPZ9c3nimHJxvpWtJd8lR2uJpu6N_wkT5QbYXXyzlJdaamWeo_kFAZqFpHgs53sJFEoeZimhnRhBtHwDnlt1WpFLjatd74HJilsYKKP7nuwK5h41p_AIVSE0fG240-t4U0zCnhMogYbEL33IPi0Jif1TSL4ycWVwb5hVaupdkuzROnbNlG/s72-c/GA_Ordre_du_Saint-S%C3%A9pulcre.svg.png" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-3435421244029855720</id><published>2019-03-27T08:07:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2019-03-27T08:07:36.743-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Processus Contra Templarios"/><title type='text'>Processus Contra Templarios</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 17.85px;&quot;&gt;A obra tem uma tiragem limitada a 799 exemplares, o preço unitário é de 5.900 euros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 17.85px;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 17.85px;&quot;&gt;O grande valor é a reprodução dos documentos que demonstram como o Papa Clemente V absolveu os templários de heresia, suspendeu a ordem, para evitar um cisma com a França, sem dissolver o templo e trouxe de volta os dignatários à comunhão.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: white; color: #111111; font-family: georgia, serif; font-size: 17.85px;&quot;&gt;Saiba mais em nossos artigos selecionados sobre a historiadora do vaticano Barbara Frale e o Pergaminho de Chinon:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://duglan.blogspot.com/2009/06/o-pergaminho-de-chinon.html&quot;&gt;http://duglan.blogspot.com/2009/06/o-pergaminho-de-chinon.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3435421244029855720'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3435421244029855720'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2019/03/processus-contra-templarios.html' title='Processus Contra Templarios'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCDKfk7HQ09e1wqhYFu-0l1IiH-ACg2LeQUvuXoZqo0yUaCeSbZtdaE72-9AkjzBs1JPev19OFxH1LkrYzo5mfTp61k-lo50QatxmKCDp6hvk5QZXm3NUTJycifAJZDwgBTnBlYM5o4wA/s72-c/processus_contra_templarios_gallery_01.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-9061878195844641129</id><published>2019-02-20T18:38:00.000-03:00</published><updated>2019-02-20T18:48:19.662-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Patagônia"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Templários na Patagônia"/><title type='text'>Os Templários na Patagônia</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #444444; font-family: georgia, &amp;quot;palatino linotype&amp;quot;, palatino, &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot;, times, serif; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 15px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;palatino linotype&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;palatino&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;times&amp;quot; , serif; font-size: 40px; letter-spacing: -1px;&quot;&gt;Los templarios en la Patagonia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;Muchos recordamos haber dibujado en la escuela las tres carabelas de Colón atravesando el mar con sus grandes velas blancas dominadas por cruces rojas. Pocos saben que esas mismas cruces están pintadas en piedras y cuevas americanas desde antes de la llegada de Colón, desde Norteamérica hasta la Patagonia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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Quizá no sea una casualidad, ni un símbolo universal que reaparece diferentes épocas y lugares. Es la cruz de los caballeros de la orden del Temple, organización medieval notable dedicada a custodiar el templo de Jerusalén conquistado a los musulmanes en una de las cruzadas y a defender a los peregrinos. Pero también, de modo mucho menos conocido, a entablar relaciones con el Islam y el judaísmo más allá de las diferencias y a custodiar la ley de las monedas, porque en aquella época no mentir con el dinero era una cuestión religiosa.&lt;/div&gt;
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La orden de los Pobres Caballeros de Cristo fue fundada en Jerusalén en 1118 por Hugo de Payns y otros ocho caballeros franceses en principio para proteger a los peregrinos de los Santos Lugares&lt;/div&gt;
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El rey de Jesuralén, Balduino II, consagró a los caballeros un palacio próximo al antiguo templo destruido por los romanos durante el primer siglo de nuestra era, y por eso tomaron el nombre de “Caballeros del Temple de Salomón”&lt;/div&gt;
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En Palestina, su lugar de nacimiento, la orden del Temple tenía muchas fortalezas para cumplir su misión de defender la ruta de los peregrinos, de los que también fueron banqueros. Poco a poco la orden amasó una fortuna considerable.&lt;/div&gt;
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Cuando los musulmanes expulsaron a los cristianos de Palestina, loso templarios se instalaron en Chiprem, aunque siempre tuvieron presencia en Francia, por ser franceses la mayoría de sus miembros.&lt;/div&gt;
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En el siglo XII se instalaron en Cataluña, Aragón y Navarra para seguir la lucha contra el Islam y participar de la Reconquista que terminó en enero de 1492 con la caída de Granada.&lt;/div&gt;
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Suscitaron el interés y la envidia de algunos reyes, en particular Felipe el Hermoso, que intrigó contra ellos para quedarse con sus abundantes bienes pero también para quitarles su condición de custodios de la ley de la moneda. Felipe, abrumado por deudas y con ganas de seguir las guerras en que estaba embarcado, quiso con apoyo de los banqueros falsificar moneda para pagar deudas y para eso sacó del medio a la orden, que se lo impedía. Felipe convenció al antipapa Clemente V para iniciar desde su sede en Avignon un proceso en 1307 contra los templarios. El gran maestre de la orden, Jaques de Molay y 140 miembros fueron arrestados. Considerados inocentes en el Concilio de Viena en 1311, Clemente disolvió la orden y creó una comisión que continuó el proceso. Fueron condenados a muerte por el consejo real de Felipe IV. El rey se apoderó de sus bienes mobiliarios y entregó sus posesiones a orden de los hospitalarios.&lt;/div&gt;
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Los templarios permitieron la circulación de gran cantidad de plata por Europa en tiempos en que el metal escaseaba mucho y que transportaban en barcos propios que construían en astilleros que tenían en las costas&lt;/div&gt;
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Su sede portuaria principal estaba en La Rochelle, Francia, donde llegaban gracias a comunicaciones por tierra desde puertos del Mediterráneo. Por el Sena llegaban a sus casas en París mediante una flota fluvial&lt;/div&gt;
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Los caballeros del Temple usaban en sus capas una cruz “paté” roja, la misma de las carabelas&lt;/div&gt;
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El 25 de octubre de 2007, los responsables del Archivo Vaticano publicaron el documento Processus contra Templarios, que recopila el Pergamino de Chinon, o las actas de exculpación del Vaticano a la Orden del Temple, precisamente el año en que se conmemoraba el 700º aniversario del inicio de la persecución contra la Orden.&lt;/div&gt;
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Los documentos que sirvieron al Tribunal papal para decidir la suerte de los templarios se encuentran en el Archivo Secreto del Vaticano, y se habían extraviado desde el siglo XVI, después de que un archivero los guardase en un lugar erróneo. En 2001, la investigadora italiana Bárbara Frale los encontró y su estudio mostró que el Papa Clemente V no quiso en principio condenar a los templarios, aunque finalmente, cediendo a las presiones del rey de Francia, Felipe IV, terminaría haciéndolo.&lt;/div&gt;
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El “Pergamino de Chinon”, uno de los documentos del volumen Processus contra Templarios presentado por el Vaticano, corrige la leyenda negra sobre la Orden y muestra que todas las acusaciones fueron injurias que hizo Felipe IV para beneficio propio.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;La Cruz paté roja&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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En 1147, el papa Eugenio III, presente en Francia cuando partía la Segunda Cruzada, cncedió a los templarios el derecho a llevar permanentemente una cruz sencilla, pero ancorada o paté, que simbolizaba el martirio de Cristo. El color autorizado para tal cruz fue el rojo&lt;/div&gt;
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La cruz estaba colocada sobre el hombro izquierdo, encima del corazón. En el caso de los caballeros, sobre el manto blanco, símbolo de pureza y castidad. En el caso de los sargentos, sobre el manto negro o pardo, símbolo de fuerza y valor.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Los templarios en América antes de Colón&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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El español Luis Bello es autor de un documental que pretende probar la presencia de los templarios en América antes de Colón. Según Bello, Colón llegó náufrago a Portugal.Tiempo después se casó con la dama de la nobleza Filipa Moniz Perestrelo, de quien recibe como parte de la dote mapas y documentos náuticos del padre de ésta, Bartolomeu Perestrelo, comandante de Porto Santo y Maestre de la Orden de Cristo.&lt;/div&gt;
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La Orden de Cristo fue fundada por el rey Dinis de Portugal para dar refucio a los templarios después de la disolución de la orden por Clemente V. Las carabelas llevaban en sus velas la cruz de los templarios, con los que Colón se manifestaba identificado&lt;/div&gt;
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Bello y otros investigadores creen haber encontrado en cuevas de Nicaragua dibujos de caballeros europeos medievales con barbas, cascos, cotas de malla y algunos a caballo.&lt;/div&gt;
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Bello insiste en que las capitulaciones de Santa Fe, firmadas por los reyes católicos con Colón en abril de 1492, hagan referencia al navegante como conocedor del Nuevo Mundo&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Los templarios en la Patagonia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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En el golfo de San Matías, en Río Negro, hay restos del “fuerte argentino, en el que se quiere ver una construcción de los templarios anterior a Colón, que ellos usaban para embarcar hacia Europa la plata que extraían del Alto Perú y que sería la que hacían correr abundantemente por Europa cuando el metal escaseaba allá&lt;/div&gt;
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Por supuesto, otra de las misiones atribuidas a los Templarios era la de custodios del Grial, la copa que según la tradición usó Cristo en la ultima cena y que sería la misma en que José de Arimatea recogió su sangre vertida por la lanza del centurión Longino en la cruz del Golgota&lt;/div&gt;
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La ruta de los templarios entre América y Europa habría sido descubierta por ellos 150 años antes del “descubrimiento”. Parece cierto que la plata de que disponían en abundancia los templarios no era de origen europeo, porque por entonces las minas sobre todo en Alemania se habían agotado, y los contemporáneos no conocían su procedencia.&lt;/div&gt;
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Ni el papa Clemente ni Felipe podían perseguirlos en America, donde habrían llegado gracias al poder que conservaban, a su competencia en el mar y a su conocimiento de las rutas.&lt;/div&gt;
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En la iglesia de Vézeley, Francia, construida en 150, hay representaciones que parecen de los incas, que muestran los “orejones”, es decir, las orejas deformadas por los grandes objetos pesadoso que se colocaban en ellas&lt;/div&gt;
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A la llegada de Colón, los indígenas conocían la cruz y los acogieron bien, aunque por supuesto la cruz es una símbolo universal distribuido por todo el mundo y en diferentes épocas&lt;/div&gt;
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En 1859 el francés Juan Antonio Victor Martin de Moussy, que estuvo en Entre Ríos contratado por Urquiza, ubicó en el golfo doe San Matías, en la Patagonia un ‘’Ancien Fort Abandoneé’’ ( Viejo Fuerte Abandonado, atribuido ahora a los templarios, que no aparece en mapas españoles quizá por no tener autorización de la Iglesia.&lt;/div&gt;
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Cerca del “fuerte” aparecieron un totem de medio metro de altura, dividido en 3 niveles (espiritual, humana y demoníaca) y una roca que tenia tallada una cruz en bajo relieve, símbolos templarios.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;El Grial en la Patagonia&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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En la Argentina, el grupo Delphos, dirigido por Fluguerto Martí, trata de probar que el Grial habría llegado hace cientos de años a América por las costas atlánticas y que su ubicación sería un enigma&lt;/div&gt;
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“Nosotros mantenemos como hipótesis que el Santo Grial llegó a la Patagonia alrededor del año 1307 pero ignoramos su ubicación actual. Por eso continuamos estudiando, investigando y explorando los sitios claves para este tema. Considero que la búsqueda en la que estamos comprometidos es la mayor misión de mi vida, pues el Grial es la realidad física y metafísica mayor y más trascendente de todo el Mundo y de toda la Historia”, declaró Fluguerto Martí&lt;/div&gt;
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“La hipótesis de la venida del Grial a nuestra Patagonia comenzó a tomar forma alrededor de 1987 por la lectura de la obra “Perlesvaus o el Alto Libro del Graal de autor anónimo, donde en su capítulo 11 se habla de un viaje por barco desde Gales hasta una remota “ínsula” cercana a una costa, donde el piloto no reconoce las estrellas y el navío queda “encallado en seco” debido a la enorme amplitud de las mareas. Debido a este y otros datos recogidos durante nuestra visita al Sud Oeste de Gran Bretaña en 1990, buscamos una meseta elevada y aislada en las costas de los golfos San Matías o Nuevo. Esta configuración orográfica se da únicamente en El Fuerte, situado a 41° 02´ de Latitud Sur, sobre las costas del Golfo San Matías” añadió.&lt;/div&gt;
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Según Delphos, una Orden Europea Galesa o Celta, llamada Proto-Templaria, construyó en la Patagonia por lo menos tres enclaves fortificados desde los primeros siglos de la era cristiana. Cuando en 1307 la Orden Templaria fue perseguida en Europa, la flota anclada en La Rochelle (Francia) se escapó y luego de buscar el Grial y otras reliquias, navegó hasta el Puerto Fortificado, en la costa argentina. A partir de ese momento, estos enclaves Templarios se abandonaron voluntaria y organizadamente, y el Grial -y las otras reliquias- habrían sido trasladados a otro lugar que se desconoce por el momento y siguen guardados por esa misma Orden en forma encubierta.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;&lt;em style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;Templarios en la Patagonia: el Complejo Arqueológico de Somuncurá y la ruta sobre el Chubut a la Ciudad de los Césares&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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En las cercanías de Sepaucal, Chubut, en el extremo sur de la Meseta de Somuncurá (“Piedra que Habla”), se encuentra un Complejo Arqueológico&lt;/div&gt;
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Este Complejo adquiere características extraordinarias de proyección internacional, por cuanto se enlaza con las historias del Santo Grial y la Orden Templaria.&lt;/div&gt;
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Existen indicios y pistas que llevan la búsqueda hacia este Complejo como posible lugar de asentamiento y tránsito&lt;br /&gt;
Tiene glifos gigantes, visibles desde gran altura. Y, en ambos hay dos muy similares, denominados por nosotros “Caballeros”&lt;/div&gt;
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Dicho Complejo, está constituido por variadas estructuras que sorprenden por su complejidad e interrelación. El lugar en cuestión era ya conocido por los Tehuelches y luego por sus conquistadores amerindios invasores: los Mapuche (araucanos) y, por último por sus descendientes.&lt;/div&gt;
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En Tiempos de la Conquista hasta principios del Siglo XX, fue también una ruta de migración amerindia entre los asentamientos Blancos Megaliticos de las proximidades de la “Sierra del Volcán” (zonas de tandilia y Ventania), el Alto Valle del Río Negro y las tierras cercanas al Río Chupat -“cristalino” -(Chubut). Pero en tiempos anteriores fue una ruta de Tribus de “Indios Blancos” como los Huiliche (que originariamente eran blancos) y los Tehuelche.&lt;/div&gt;
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Este tipo de esculturas rústicas se encuentran en todos los puntos estratégicos – caminos y cruces de caminos – de la Provincia del Chubut. En especial en las cercanías de la Meseta de Somuncurá y en las Cercanías del Rio Chubut (Chupat = Cristalino).&lt;/div&gt;
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En la Ruta Provincial 50, cerca de su empalme con la Ruta Provincial 12, se encuentra un promontorio natural, que también han sido “retocados” son señalamientos. Uno de ellos claramente es la cara de un hombre. Hay muchos ejemplos de estos, distribuidos a lo largo de la ruta o próximos, que siguen el Rio Chupat.&lt;/div&gt;
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El mapa de De Moussy muestra la “Route des Indians”, la “Ville Fabuleuse de los Cesares” y el “Ancient Fort”. Que son respectivamente: 1) La Cuarta Ruta de la Plata, que permitía unir la Patagonia, a través de la Isla de Choele-Choel (sobre el Rio Negro) con la Sierra del Volcan (Tandilia y Ventania) y la desembocadura del Río de la Plata. Esta ruta era recorrida por Tribus de Indios Blancos (Tehuelches, Huiliches), aliados de los Templarios 2) La Ciudad de los Césares (la Templaria) y el asentamiento militar de la Meseta “El Fuerte”.&lt;/div&gt;
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La razón fundamental para construir tales “señalamientos en el río Chubut radicaba en los intereses económicos de la Orden Templaria en su presunta estad en Sudamérica en tiempos prehispánicos, en busca de conservar la “Ruta de la Plata” que iba desde Tiwanaku (Bolivia, Alto Peru) a los Puertos Templarios de la costa atlántica francesa.&lt;/div&gt;
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Las “Rutas de la Plata” tenía básicamente cuatro alternativas, que fueron usadas en distintas épocas y circunstancias, todas partiendo del Tiwanaku (Bolivia) confluían hacia los puertos del Atlántico en Francia.&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700;&quot;&gt;De la Redacción de AIM.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: &amp;quot;georgia&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;palatino linotype&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;palatino&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;times&amp;quot; , serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;http://www.aimdigital.com.ar/los-templarios-en-la-patagonia/&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #444444; font-family: &amp;quot;georgia&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;palatino linotype&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;palatino&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;times new roman&amp;quot; , &amp;quot;times&amp;quot; , serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;acesso: 20/02/2019&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/9061878195844641129'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/9061878195844641129'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2019/02/os-templarios-na-patagonia.html' title='Os Templários na Patagônia'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-7790458849428241514</id><published>2017-03-11T11:46:00.002-03:00</published><updated>2017-03-11T11:46:38.848-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="História"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Templários"/><title type='text'>Os Templários</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;Style3&quot; style=&quot;background-color: white; font-family: &amp;quot;Arial Unicode MS&amp;quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1.25pt 0.0001pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0cm;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Em síntese:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle11&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic; letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; letter-spacing: 0pt;&quot;&gt;A Ordem dos Cavaleiros Templários foi fundada em 1118 a fim de proteger os cristãos peregrinos na Terra Santa. Desempenharam papel heróico na defesa dos redutos cristãos na Palestina, o que lhes valeu a estima dos nobres e do povo, os quais lhes fizeram muitas doações. Quando em 1291 os cristãos ocidentais deixaram a Terra Santa, onde haviam constituído o Reino Latino de Jerusalém, os templários perderam sua razão de ser e se estabeleceram no Ocidente como ricos proprietários e financistas, o que suscitou a cobiça de quem queria apoderar-se de seus bens. Foram acusados de graves faltas. Apesar dos protestos de Jacques DeMolay, Grão-Mestre da Ordem, foram condenados e a Ordem extinta em 1312 pelo Papa Clemente V.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Existem em nossos dias algumas &quot;Ordens do Templo&quot; que pretendem relacionar-se com a Ordem dos Templários medievais, mas nada têm a ver com estes, pois professam filosofia esotérica ou não cristã.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;As páginas subseqüentes abordarão a Ordem medieval dos Templários, à qual alude a Ordem DeMolay (ver artigo seguinte).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;1. O pano de fundo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;1.1. Ordens Militares&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;A sociedade da Idade Média estava toda impregnada do espírito e da realidade dos&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;cavaleiros.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Efetivamente, a espiritualidade germânica, franca, celta, goda legou à civilização medieval o ideal do cavaleiro. Este aspirava a servir a Deus na bravura destemida, magnânima, e até mesmo na guerra (caso julgasse que a honra de Deus exigia a intervenção da espada). A espiritualidade do cavaleiro retratada nas canções e trovas da Idade Média era apta a suscitar façanhas heróicas em nome da&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;fé.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Mais: deve-se lembrar que na Idade Média também os monges desenvolveram papel importante, professando, porém, uma espiritualidade assaz diversa da do cavaleiro. Enquanto o cavaleiro procurava intensificar suas atividades no mundo, aspirando assim a unir-se a Deus e chegar à vida eterna, o monge se separava do mundo secular para penetrar diretamente em Deus e na contemplação. Enquanto o cavaleiro aplicava os instrumentos da sua profissão, isto é, as armas, para servir ao seu&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Senhor, o monge, professando pobreza e silêncio, recusava o recurso a tais expedientes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Ora os medievais haviam de conseguir fazer a síntese desses dois tipos de ideal cristão - o do cavaleiro e o do monge, criando no século XII as chamadas &quot;Ordens Militares&quot;. Nestas o cavaleiro se consagrava a Deus para O servir com destemor e galhardia num quadro de pobreza, castidade e obediência.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Referindo-se aos Templários, dizia S. Bernardo (+1153):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle11&quot; style=&quot;font-style: italic; letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: 0pt;&quot;&gt;&quot;Não sei se os devo chamar monges ou cavaleiros; talvez seja necessário dar-lhes um e outro nome, pois eles unem à brandura do monge a coragem do cavaleiro&quot; (De laude novae militiae (IV 8)).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;1.2. O reino de Jerusalém&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;As Cruzadas tiveram como objetivo libertar o S. Sepulcro de Cristo, que estava em poder dos muçulmanos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Na primeira Cruzada, após dois anos e meio de lutas e sofrimentos atrozes, os cruzados, tendo vencido o exército de Solimão em Doriléia, havendo tomado Edessa (1097) e Antioquia (1098), chegaram finalmente a Jerusalém e dela se apoderaram (1099). Essa sangrenta expedição, que custara a vida a cerca de meio-milhão de homens, terminou com a fundação de quatro centros latinos: o reino de Jerusalém, o principado de Antioquia, os condados de Edessa e de Trípolis, aos quais foram atribuídos governantes latinos. As grandes cidades da costa palestinense foram ocupadas por navegantes e comerciantes ocidentais. Os peregrinos recomeçaram a afluir à Terra Santa. Para protegê-los e defendê-los, foram criadas as Ordens de Cavaleiros Militares (Hospitalários, Templários, etc).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;2. Os&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Templários: histórico&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;A Ordem dos Cavaleiros Templários foi fundada em 1118 por Hugo Payns ou Payeng, que convocou oito outros cavaleiros para irem a Jerusalém a fim de assistir aos peregrinos da Terra Santa. Chegando lá, os cavaleiros foram alojados numa casa construída sobre as ruínas do palácio real dito &quot;Templo de Salomão&#39;; donde lhes veio o nome de &quot;Templários&quot; ou &quot;Irmãos da Milícia do Templo&quot;. O Papa Honório II aprovou a Ordem em 1128 e São Bernardo fez a revisão da Regra baseada nos três votos de pobreza, castidade e obediência (1130). Em março de 1139 o Papa Inocêncio II deu à Ordem sua Constituição definitiva e a isentou da jurisdição episcopal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;A Ordem era dirigida por um Grão-Mestre assistido por seus oficiais: o senechal e o marechal. Abaixo havia os comandantes das numerosas casas templárias, os cavaleiros, os capelães (encarregados do culto divino), os sargentos e os familiares.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Os Cavaleiros revelaram coragem e disciplina extraordinárias no desempenho de sua missão em favor dos peregrinos, conquistando a estima e a admiração de quantos os conheceram. O Grão-Mestre Guilherme de Beaujeu caiu morto heroicamente quando os cruzados perderam São João de Acre. Distinguiram-se na defesa de Gaza (1171) e na tomada de Damieta (1219). Obrigados pelo avanço muçulmano a deixar a Terra Santa em 1291, estabeleceram-se na ilha de Chipre. Suas propriedades estendiam-se pela Europa Ocidental; no começo do século XIII tinham nove mil &quot;comandarias&quot;, que lhes davam uma renda de 12 milhões de libras para sustentar sua ação apostólica. Este elevado rendimento granjeou para os Cavaleiros (privados da sua função militar) a fama de financistas e administradores de bens temporais. Em 1303 o rei Filipe IV o Belo da França lhes confiou a guarda do tesouro real; em 1304 celebrou elogiosamente suas obras de piedade e misericórdia. Todavia em 1307 foram traídos por um chefe de comandaria, que levantou graves acusações contra a Ordem: abusos sexuais, práticas idolátricas, culto de Bafomé, vã glória... Em conseqüência, aos 13 de outubro de 1307 todos os templários da França foram presos sob o pretexto de cometerem delitos infames. Em Paris 140 cavaleiros foram submetidos a interrogatórios prolongados e a tortura. Era então Grão-Mestre da Ordem Jacques e Molay, figura nobre e digna: perante a Universidade de Paris confessou comportamento abominável, o que muito surpreendeu a todos, inclusive o Papa Clemente V. Este então mandou fazer dois inquéritos, cujos resultados foram contraditórios.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Aos 22 de novembro de 1309 uma comissão de peritos interrogou DeMolay, que, sob a pressão da tortura, confessou tudo o que queriam extorquir dele a respeito de sua pessoa e da Ordem dos Templários.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Os cavaleiros foram mais corajosos: 54 dentre eles retiraram sua confissão de delitos, mas, apesar de tudo, foram condenados à pena capital aos 12 de maio de 1310.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;O Concílio geral de Viena (França) ocupou-se com a problemática em 1311: a maioria dos conciliares queria que os Cavaleiros pudessem defender-se - o que não se realizou; aos 13 de abril de 1312 a Bula Vox Clamantis extinguia a Ordem dos Templários, sendo os seus bens transferidos para a Ordem dos Cavaleiros Hospitalares de São João de Jerusalém. Todavia o Papa Clemente V reservou a si o encargo de ouvir ainda os altos dignitários da Ordem. Entregou a tarefa a uma comissão de peritos, que condenaram DeMolay a prisão perpétua; o Grão-Mestre protestou, declarando serem falsas as acusações contra ele levantadas; retra&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;tou tudo quanto havia confessado sob tortura, afirmando textualmente: &quot;Nós não somos culpados dos delitos de que nos acusam sob pena de perdermos a vida. A Ordem é pura e santa; as acusações são absurdas, as confissões de delitos são mentirosas&quot;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Entregue ao Prefeito de Paris, DeMolay foi condenado à morte, que ocorreu aos 18 de março de 1314. Refere-se que, pouco antes de morrer, o Grão-Mestre predisse a morte do Papa nos próximos quarenta dias e a do rei (que contribuiu para o trágico desfecho)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;no&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;decurso do ano. &quot;Profecias&quot; que realmente se cumpriram.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle14&quot; style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;3. Conclusão&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;1.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Entre as diversas sentenças que julgam os Templários, a mais plausível parece ser a que os tem como vítimas da cobiça alheia. Acumularam um rico patrimônio não por desonestidade, mas por causa da estima de que gozavam. Chegaram a tornar-se administradores de bens temporais, porque perderam em 1291 sua função militar e foram solicitados a fazer negócios financeiros. Se houve cavaleiros de conduta falha, não são eles que caracterizam&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;a&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Ordem. Esta brilha por seus méritos em favor dos irmãos ameaçados. Os bens dos Templários, que muitos cobiçavam, não passaram às mãos dos adversários da Ordem (nem mesmo às do rei da França), mas foram consignados a outra Ordem militar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;2.&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;As várias sociedades que hoje em dia se dizem &quot;do Templo&quot; não têm vínculo algum com os Templários medievais. São inspiradas por correntes filosóficas estranhas ao Cristianismo. A&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;nota&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;trágica e&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;um&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;tanto misteriosa que caracteriza o fim&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;da existência&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;dos Templários pode ter equivocadamente sugerido a&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;continuação da&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;Ordem&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;nesta&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;&quot;&gt;ou naquela instituição desde o século XIV.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;Dom Estêvão Bettencourt (OSB)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 13.3333px; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;PERGUNTE E RESPONDEREMOS 504 – junho 2004&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;span class=&quot;FontStyle15&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 13.3333px; text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;http://pr.gonet.biz/kb_read.php?num=1103&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/7790458849428241514'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/7790458849428241514'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2017/03/os-templarios.html' title='Os Templários'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-3767820106479337877</id><published>2012-02-23T08:53:00.002-03:00</published><updated>2012-02-23T08:59:16.951-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Catedrais"/><title type='text'>Catedrais góticas: mistério mais grandioso que o das pirâmides do Egito</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href=&quot;http://cienciaconfirmaigreja.blogspot.com/2012/02/catedrais-goticas-misterio-mais.html&quot;&gt;http://cienciaconfirmaigreja.blogspot.com/2012/02/catedrais-goticas-misterio-mais.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A técnica é definida pela Escolástica, da mesma forma que as artes, como &lt;i&gt;“recta ratio factibilium”. &lt;/i&gt;Quer dizer, a reta ordenação do trabalho, ou também, a ciência de trabalhar bem.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Hoje, o mal uso da técnica, a empurra para produzir para além do que é  bom, e espalhar instrumentos que afligem a vida dos homens.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nos tempos em que o espírito do Evangelho penetrava todas as  instituições, a técnica produziu frutos que vão além do tudo o que a  Humanidade conheceu previamente.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Um desses frutos inigualados foi ‒ e continuam sendo ‒ as &lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;catedrais medievais.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Até hoje especialistas tentam decifrar como fizeram os arquitetos da  Idade Média para, com tão pobres instrumentos, criar obras colossais que  “humilham” as técnicas modernas mais avançadas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Os &lt;b&gt;técnicos das mais variegadas especialidades da construção e também  da física, da química e das matemáticas se debruçam para tentar  descobrir como os medievais erigiram esses portentos arquitetônicos.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mergulham eles nos “&lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;mistérios das catedrais&lt;/a&gt;”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;São muitos os que até agora não estão elucidados: desde as fórmulas  químicas desaparecidas que dão aos vitrais tonalidades únicas e  irreproduzíveis até os mais complexos cálculos matemáticos e  astronômicos que orientaram as&lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt; proporções cósmicas das Bíblias de pedra&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOy0Jt9uHIjoGtQXnTvrsPgd3ouPfvRkhe_DVFo4sZ_t-NnyLvJxRTmaebCX4tVoS05hRwwONYyizyUg08YVtHHCz93BC75CCzmBTWMUph-P-UMjJxnMbIou1WyBzaoFYOGZ-1WnhUMRo/s1600/Beauvais+33.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOy0Jt9uHIjoGtQXnTvrsPgd3ouPfvRkhe_DVFo4sZ_t-NnyLvJxRTmaebCX4tVoS05hRwwONYyizyUg08YVtHHCz93BC75CCzmBTWMUph-P-UMjJxnMbIou1WyBzaoFYOGZ-1WnhUMRo/s640/Beauvais+33.jpg&quot; width=&quot;419&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Beauvais, França&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; Como decifrar o enigma?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;tr_bq&quot;&gt; “As &lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;catedrais &lt;/a&gt;se  burlam de nós há oito séculos. Elas resistiram não só às intempéries e  aos ataques insidiosos do clima, mas mais ainda por vezes a provas tão  violentas como os bombardeios. &lt;b&gt;Como é que estas catedrais loucas aguentam em pé?&lt;/b&gt;”, pergunta o arquiteto, historiador e geógrafo Roland Bechmann em seu livro &lt;i&gt;“As raízes das catedrais” (“Les racines des cathédrales”, Payot, Paris, 2011, 330p.).&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O livro de Bechmann recebeu elogios das maiores autoridades acadêmicas  da França. Ele tem o mérito de mexer numa polêmica silenciosa, mas  aberta como uma chaga nas almas de inúmeros franceses.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Enquanto o mundo parece rumar para uma modernidade cada vez mais  caótica, as catedrais góticas em seu mutismo eloquente apontam um  caminho inteiramente diverso.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O comentarista Paul François Paoli, do jornal “Le Figaro”, resume esse conflito interior dos franceses:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; “As&lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt; catedrais góticas são as pirâmides do Ocidente &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;e  nós não acabamos ainda de compreender como é que elas puderam ser  construídas numa época considerada como obscura e arcaica do ponto de  vista científico”.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O historiador Jacques Le Goff saudou o livro de Bechmann como uma obra  prima de interdisciplinaridade sobre “esses prodígios de pedra que  continuamos admirando em Amiens, Chartres ou Paris”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote class=&quot;tr_bq&quot;&gt; &lt;div style=&quot;background-color: rgb(255, 242, 204); color: rgb(120, 63, 4); font-family: &amp;quot;Trebuchet MS&amp;quot;,sans-serif; text-align: center;&quot;&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/p/360.html&quot;&gt;FAÇA UMA IMERSÃO EM 360º NUMA CATEDRAL MEDIEVAL&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;CLIQUE AQUI e não esqueça de clicar o FULLSCREEN (ângulo superior à esquerda de cada imagem)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/p/360.html&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcp6HXpVILjcd8PMQIrajFxyGlXw3b88bb5VrCIOKCLBinaCzrACHCZEANgjlHDPCyinPNwsDWypnlUWfmLJK4lfEG4RYNJ5bNHDZ9JR4I3evSEUGI4MSHVUIJlmzSe8TcgYw1JRDMlyM/s1600/Leon.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;268&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/p/360.html&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiibNFniz0Yu2eychi_-2VqhmT9BZDmmbENL9_14cY30hfqvuq5IIGwt7odCOGi2k05FZMpOqEeWz323GjPBJ2RkJGaGtg9xIbC7oFLUZpxupLiupvsn1gHZr08TWyUewKuDvcS5Q-B6-c/s1600/Cracovia.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;268&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: rgb(217, 234, 211); font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;&quot;&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/p/360.html&quot;&gt;Imersão total em catedrais medievais com o recurso 360º. &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mas, segundo Bechmann, esses prodígios dizem uma coisa aos homens do século XXI: “como vocês são pequenos!”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdSyMzP54ZzVvJ9CIyVoldsEEod-P1Th_fI7nVQ47hzuHuOKq-aYSyamj_aP1Ov1OdJq1tg7N8fCx-J-T0Q5eauJzPo6jDWpzwAYe4vWZ-i_i3EXryN6FNuh8971nMU0HHNX9MYX_LCXM/s1600/chartres.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdSyMzP54ZzVvJ9CIyVoldsEEod-P1Th_fI7nVQ47hzuHuOKq-aYSyamj_aP1Ov1OdJq1tg7N8fCx-J-T0Q5eauJzPo6jDWpzwAYe4vWZ-i_i3EXryN6FNuh8971nMU0HHNX9MYX_LCXM/s400/chartres.jpg&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;343&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Chartres, França&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;blockquote&gt; “No fim da época gótica ‒ explica o autor ‒ havia uma igreja para cada  200 habitantes da França, e esses prédios considerados em seu conjunto  podiam abrigar uma população maior que a do país inteiro. Calcula-se que  em trezentos anos &lt;b&gt;a França extraiu, transportou de charrete e erigiu mais pedra que o antigo Egito em toda sua história”.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Mas não é só uma questão de tamanho e volumes, não, diz Bechmann. É uma questão de ciência e grandeza de alma. E explica:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; “&lt;b&gt;Se hoje nós devêssemos construir &lt;a href=&quot;http://catedraismedievais.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;catedrais góticas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; com os meios de que eles dispunham, nós &lt;b&gt;não conseguiríamos&lt;/b&gt;. E mesmo que nós conhecêssemos até os pormenores de seus procedimentos, &lt;b&gt;nós não ousaríamos. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Calcular a resistência de construções como eles souberam realizar exigiria a ajuda de computadores. E &lt;b&gt;ainda que nós conseguíssemos&lt;/b&gt;,  haveria todas as chances de que nós chegássemos à conclusão de que  essas catedrais, segundo as normas e coeficientes de segurança que nós  aplicamos hoje, não poderiam ficar em pé...”&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E, entretanto, &lt;b&gt;elas continuam em pé e continuam nos emocionando&lt;/b&gt;, acrescenta Paul F. Paoli, jornalista do “Figaro”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpZ5X0h-0_AAngMRJLt6x1zr_FCIuASJGwHjfyErAHuT0FCpBu3H967Fu6nXtdRQ_DyDKog_uKdD1c1VjbuQ0lR1oY4VCZ9Loyc-xaAAzdUzuAvFvgDIH58agpI1I3UGlDfuFM8vmFOYI/s1600/Colonia.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpZ5X0h-0_AAngMRJLt6x1zr_FCIuASJGwHjfyErAHuT0FCpBu3H967Fu6nXtdRQ_DyDKog_uKdD1c1VjbuQ0lR1oY4VCZ9Loyc-xaAAzdUzuAvFvgDIH58agpI1I3UGlDfuFM8vmFOYI/s1600/Colonia.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Colônia, Alemanha&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O enigma profundo das catedrais e dos homens que as conceberam e  realizaram em tão grande número e variedade nos conduz a considerações  que superam a própria ciência e à própria técnica.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A primeira e mais imediata consideração é sobre a sabedoria dos  construtores. Monges, teólogos, arquitetos, artistas, simples pedreiros,  neles parecia habitar uma sabedoria que ia muito além de suas naturezas  humanas, por vezes rudes e imperfeitas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Pelos frutos se conhece a árvore. Pela catedral se conhece a alma dos construtores.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Como foi possível tal afloração simultânea de homens com almas sólidas e  plácidas, fortes e delicadas, lógicas e jeitosas, como as que fizeram  essas Bíblias de pedra?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Homens que foram a encarnação da virtude da sabedoria. Da sabedoria  sobrenatural que só a graça divina dispensa às suas almas mais amadas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E essa é uma segunda consideração de natureza espiritual.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Foi essa sabedoria sobrenatural, de que a Igreja Católica é a tesoureira, que gerou aqueles homens e suas catedrais.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Longe da Igreja, o homem do terceiro milênio sente-se apequenado, tristonho e cheio de incertezas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXGwdNwDKVRlP8aZp885NypzO5gpi2LM2GEWMSoIam2b-g5EKg3LQsbFX5kGoRphpFHyV3enlSZ_BvfyuOggMByID59Z1vtmcFkGfzMSCiz0V2FjhTWRE5nxdD94nJd_mUE7tVkVt2eXQ/s1600/Beauvais+15.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXGwdNwDKVRlP8aZp885NypzO5gpi2LM2GEWMSoIam2b-g5EKg3LQsbFX5kGoRphpFHyV3enlSZ_BvfyuOggMByID59Z1vtmcFkGfzMSCiz0V2FjhTWRE5nxdD94nJd_mUE7tVkVt2eXQ/s640/Beauvais+15.jpg&quot; width=&quot;425&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Beauvais, França&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; Mas, as portas da Igreja estão abertas de par em par, como as portas das  catedrais, para acolher esse homem de hoje e reconduzi-lo maternalmente  pelas vias da Sabedoria eterna e encarnada, Nosso Senhor Jesus Cristo,  pela intercessão de sua Santíssima Mãe.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Basta que a alma queira se abrir inteiramente a esse influxo sobrenatural.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;P.S.: Alguém poderia perguntar: como conseguir me doar tão inteiramente à  Igreja para receber essa sabedoria? Eu tento e não consigo... sou tão  fraco...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Há séculos um grande santo respondeu isso para nós. Ele até excogitou um  método para nós miseráveis pecadores receber a Sabedoria eterna e  encarnada “sem esforço”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Foi São Luis Maria Grignion de Montfort com seu método de consagração à  Santíssima Virgem Maria, Mãe de Deus, na qualidade de servos e escravos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Foi Ela que inspirou as mais gloriosas catedrais que levam seu nome:  Notre Dame. Essa devoção está explicada no famosíssimo livro, disponível  em todas as línguas: “Tratado da Verdadeira Devoção à Santíssima  Virgem”.</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3767820106479337877'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3767820106479337877'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2012/02/catedrais-goticas-misterio-mais.html' title='Catedrais góticas: mistério mais grandioso que o das pirâmides do Egito'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOy0Jt9uHIjoGtQXnTvrsPgd3ouPfvRkhe_DVFo4sZ_t-NnyLvJxRTmaebCX4tVoS05hRwwONYyizyUg08YVtHHCz93BC75CCzmBTWMUph-P-UMjJxnMbIou1WyBzaoFYOGZ-1WnhUMRo/s72-c/Beauvais+33.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-3811256053728015005</id><published>2011-11-12T15:01:00.005-03:00</published><updated>2011-11-15T15:59:39.444-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="A Igreja Católica as ordens de cavalaria e os cavaleiros templários"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Áudio"/><title type='text'>A Igreja Católica, as ordens de cavalaria e os cavaleiros templários</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;font-size:130%;&quot; &gt;A Igreja Católica, as ordens de cavalaria e os cavaleiros templários - I - Prof. Cláudio de Cicco&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;object id=&quot;mediaplayer590903177&quot; classid=&quot;clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000&quot; width=&quot;512&quot; height=&quot;313&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;movie&quot; value=&quot;http://www.gloria.tv/media/191578/embed/true&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowscriptaccess&quot; value=&quot;always&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;embed src=&quot;http://www.gloria.tv/media/191578/embed/true&quot; type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot; flashvars=&quot;media=191578&amp;amp;embed=true&quot; quality=&quot;high&quot; scale=&quot;noborder&quot; allowscriptaccess=&quot;always&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; height=&quot;313&quot;&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:130%;&quot;&gt;A Igreja Católica, as ordens de cavalaria e os cavaleiros templários - II&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;object id=&quot;mediaplayer3821914534&quot; classid=&quot;clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000&quot; width=&quot;512&quot; height=&quot;313&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;movie&quot; value=&quot;http://www.gloria.tv/media/191582/embed/true&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowscriptaccess&quot; value=&quot;always&quot;&gt;&lt;param name=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot; value=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;embed src=&quot;http://www.gloria.tv/media/191582/embed/true&quot; type=&quot;application/x-shockwave-flash&quot; flashvars=&quot;media=191582&amp;amp;embed=true&quot; quality=&quot;high&quot; scale=&quot;noborder&quot; allowscriptaccess=&quot;always&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;true&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; height=&quot;313&quot;&gt;&lt;/embed&gt;&lt;/object&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3811256053728015005'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3811256053728015005'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/11/igreja-catolica-as-ordens-de-cavalaria.html' title='A Igreja Católica, as ordens de cavalaria e os cavaleiros templários'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-856497298481397374</id><published>2011-11-08T23:59:00.004-03:00</published><updated>2011-11-09T00:05:04.169-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="“Ecce quam bonum” – “Oh como é bom como é agradável para irmãos unidos viverem juntos”"/><title type='text'>“Ecce quam bonum” – “Oh, como é bom, como é agradável para irmãos unidos viverem juntos”,</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:130%;&quot;&gt;Santa Aliança católica contra a expansão muçulmana&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;fonte: &lt;a href=&quot;http://ascruzadas.blogspot.com/2011/09/santa-alianca-catolica-contra-expansao.html&quot;&gt;As Cruzadas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh661KLLBkcDz2oo1d1yfZsFGK8Y29o72bEGrAJXNonH-XdPNmo4RMRTS-8yEszcTleAsOMFKC1UYx2I-JgRcex79x5Jq-c3eKJWY9t3rv5xVjqkRag5Nv1ri_IYstzVgde5LPMPSGTqKM8/s1600/Sao+Pio+V+ve+a+vitoria+de+Lepanto%252C+Notre+Dame+de+Fourvi%25C3%25A8re%252C+Lyon.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 473px; height: 337px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh661KLLBkcDz2oo1d1yfZsFGK8Y29o72bEGrAJXNonH-XdPNmo4RMRTS-8yEszcTleAsOMFKC1UYx2I-JgRcex79x5Jq-c3eKJWY9t3rv5xVjqkRag5Nv1ri_IYstzVgde5LPMPSGTqKM8/s640/Sao+Pio+V+ve+a+vitoria+de+Lepanto%252C+Notre+Dame+de+Fourvi%25C3%25A8re%252C+Lyon.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Papa São Pio V vê miraculosamente a vitória das armadas católicas contra os turcos em Lepanto&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;O músico Fernando de las Infantas (Córdoba, 1534-1609)  quis comemorar a união das forças católicas para enfrentar a expansão do  poder otomano no Mediterrâneo sob o impulso do Papa São Pio V.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E compôs a partitura “Ecce quam bonum” – “Oh, como é bom, como é agradável para irmãos unidos viverem juntos”, Salmo 132 (133).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A partitura leva o o subtítulo “com motivo do Sagrado Convênio”. Quer  dizer, a Santa Aliança formada pelos Estados Pontifícios, Espanha,  Veneza e Malta, no fim de 1570, por iniciativa do glorioso São Pio V.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: left; text-align: left; margin-right: 1em;&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.gloria.tv/media/173286/embed/true/autostart/true/controls/false&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Veja vídeo&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8KA4_1Tq0boy2a3a8S4W1ojNJn90_o3VRBZKPOZFS02vfD9-UT0GibnCQP3xlgRSOVacxQMXx5aTOf9NffkhfjV5rWC_kLrFyob6-zmJkWfTbVsohpjBeoI5YAQBLP68agZenDP_93Lk/s1600/Vejavideo.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-right: 1em;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style=&quot;color: rgb(39, 78, 19);&quot;&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;“Oh, como é bom&lt;br /&gt;e agradável para irmãos&lt;br /&gt;viverem juntos”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A Santa Aliança visava cortar o passo à expansão turco-maometana.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E resultou na histórica – e miraculosa – vitória sobre a frota muçulmana em Lepanto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;1. Oh, como é bom, como é agradável para irmãos unidos viverem juntos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2. É como um óleo suave derramado sobre a fronte, e que desce para a  barba, a barba de Aarão, para correr em seguida até a orla de seu manto.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3. É como o orvalho do Hermon, que desce pela colina de Sião; pois ali derrama o Senhor, a vida e uma bênção eterna.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O artista interpretou que o salmo aplica-se de um modo admirável à união  espiritual e sobrenatural dos cruzados face ao inimigo da Igreja e da  Cristandade.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Todo um exemplo a ser admirado e, sobretudo, uma oração a ser rezada em nossos dias.</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/856497298481397374'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/856497298481397374'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/11/ecce-quam-bonum-oh-como-e-bom-como-e.html' title='“Ecce quam bonum” – “Oh, como é bom, como é agradável para irmãos unidos viverem juntos”,'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh661KLLBkcDz2oo1d1yfZsFGK8Y29o72bEGrAJXNonH-XdPNmo4RMRTS-8yEszcTleAsOMFKC1UYx2I-JgRcex79x5Jq-c3eKJWY9t3rv5xVjqkRag5Nv1ri_IYstzVgde5LPMPSGTqKM8/s72-c/Sao+Pio+V+ve+a+vitoria+de+Lepanto%252C+Notre+Dame+de+Fourvi%25C3%25A8re%252C+Lyon.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-8220437090259814804</id><published>2011-04-22T14:03:00.002-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-22T14:06:42.686-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Os Templários e a Caça"/><title type='text'>Os Templários e a Caça</title><content type='html'>&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt; 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unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; 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priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt; 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name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Tabela normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin-top:0cm;  mso-para-margin-right:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;  mso-para-margin-left:0cm;  line-height:115%;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;      &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Uma outra prova de grande realismo e equilíbrio foi dada na redação das disposições que disciplinavam a prática da caça e do torneio, atividade que a cavalaria laica considerava como distração favorita. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Diz-se comumente que aos &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Templários &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;tais atividades eram radicalmente proibidas, mas isso não é correto:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;      &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;impor a um cavaleiro a renúncia total e definitiva ao que mais havia de precioso e divertido era um contra-senso em relação a sua condição, o que significaria arriscar ter um grande número de violações e, de qualquer maneira, criar maiores dificuldades de adaptação para os noviços. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;    &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Os idealizadores da regra, com toda a probabilidade São Bernardo e os padres conciliares, encontraram uma justa medida de comprometimento que limitava muito a possibilidade de exercitar esses &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;vícios&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&quot; da aristocracia militar, restringindo-as ao uso em alguns casos julgados lícitos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;        &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;A regra proibia explicitamente a prática da falcoaria, dando a esta o status de &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;diversão mundana&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&quot;, e a condição de decoro, modéstia e seriedade que os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Templários &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;deviam ter eram incompatíveis com a atitude ruidosa e violentamente lúdica que acompanhava as batidas de caça:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Condenamos de comum acordo o uso da caça aos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;pássaros com outros pássaros: de fato, parecidos a outros&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;hábitos profanos, são inconvenientes para a condição&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;monástica. Que os frades escutem bem os ensinamentos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;religiosos, participem às orações, e a cada dia confessem a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Deus, com lágrimas nos olhos, os seus pecados. Por esse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;motivo, nenhum Templário professo deverá juntar-se com os&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;laicos que praticam a caça com o falcão ou outros pássaros de&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;rapina. E dever de todo monge comportar-se com decência e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;modéstia, sem dar-se às risadas, falando pouco e somente&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;para dizer coisas oportunas e com voz moderada. Proibimos a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;todo frade de reunir-se nos bosques para caçar com o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;estilingue, nem de juntar-se com aqueles que o fazem, a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;menos que seja para protegê-los de ataque de qualquer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;sarraceno: e em todos os casos, que o Templário não ouse&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;gritar aos incitamentos ou fazer versos de caça com o cão, nem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;encorajar o cavalo à corrida desenfreada para perseguir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;i style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;qualquer animal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style=&quot;font-family: arial;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;            &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Mais que proibir a caça, a regra propunha um modelo reduzido de participação nas batidas que impedia ao &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Templário &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;de abandonar-se às intemperanças na voz e nos gestos típicos dessas ocasiões, profundamente em contraste com o teor da dignidade monástica. A condição obrigatória para que o&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Templário &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;pudesse acompanhar os laicos durante as batidas, isto é, a vontade de protegê-los de ataques de sarracenos, não devia ser menor em um contexto como o da &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Terra Santa &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;sempre ameaçada pela agressão dos islâmicos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;        &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Esse inocente pretexto podia ser utilizado sempre, e por qualquer um, sem risco de ser desmentido, e no mais, assegurava aos confrades apaixonados pela caça a possibilidade de realizar, ainda que por debaixo dos panos, as apreciadíssimas batidas.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 10pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; Os Templários e o Pergaminho de Chinon Encontrado nos Arquivos Secretos do Vaticano&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Barbara Frale&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Capítulo III: O Código de Honra dos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;      &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Templários&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;3. Equilíbrio harmônico de espírito e corpo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p style=&quot;font-family: arial; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 0, 0);&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/8220437090259814804'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/8220437090259814804'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/04/os-templarios-e-caca.html' title='Os Templários e a Caça'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-3404607498041199814</id><published>2011-04-20T17:16:00.006-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-20T18:12:59.516-03:00</updated><title type='text'>Templários: Uma das forças mais temíveis em Portugal e na Espanha</title><content type='html'>&lt;w:browserlevel&gt;&lt;/w:browserlevel&gt; 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unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:lsdexception&gt; &lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;!--[endif]--&gt;&lt;!----&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Tabela normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin-top:0cm;  mso-para-margin-right:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;  mso-para-margin-left:0cm;  line-height:115%;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;!--[endif]--&gt;      &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;O rei Afonso de Aragão, &quot;o Batalhador&quot;, apesar de todas as suas proezas como martelo dos&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;mouros, revelou-se incapaz de gerar filhos. Seu casamento com Urraca de&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Castela foi dissolvido em 1114. Sem herdeiros, e possivelmente com a expectativa de prevenir&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;uma disputa pelo seu reino que levasse a dissensões após a sua morte,&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;redigiu um testamento, em outubro de 1131, deixando seu reino para os Cônegos do Santo&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Sepulcro em Jerusalém e para as duas ordens militares, os hospitalários e&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;os templários. &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&quot;A estes três concedo todo o meu reino (...) também a autoridade que tenho em&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;todas as terras de meu reino, tanto sobre os clérigos como sobre os&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;leigos, os bispos, os abades, os cônegos, os monges, os nobres, os cavaleiros, os burgueses, os&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;camponeses e os mercadores, os homens e as mulheres, os pequenos&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;e os grandes,&#39;os ricos e os pobres, bem como os judeus e os sarracenos, com leis como as que meu&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;pai e eu temos tido até agora e que devemos ter.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:latentstyles&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/m:brkbinsub&gt;&lt;/m:brkbin&gt;&lt;/m:mathfont&gt;&lt;/m:mathpr&gt;&lt;/w:cachedcolbalance&gt;&lt;/w:word11kerningpairs&gt;&lt;/w:dontvertalignintxbx&gt;&lt;/w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables&gt;&lt;/w:dontvertaligncellwithsp&gt;&lt;/w:splitpgbreakandparamark&gt;&lt;/w:dontgrowautofit&gt;&lt;/w:useasianbreakrules&gt;&lt;/w:wraptextwithpunct&gt;&lt;/w:snaptogridincell&gt;&lt;/w:breakwrappedtables&gt;&lt;/w:compatibility&gt;&lt;/w:donotpromoteqf&gt;&lt;/w:validateagainstschemas&gt;&lt;/w:punctuationkerning&gt;&lt;/w:trackformatting&gt;&lt;/w:trackmoves&gt;&lt;/w:worddocument&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:worddocument&gt;&lt;w:trackmoves&gt;&lt;w:trackformatting&gt;&lt;w:punctuationkerning&gt;&lt;w:validateagainstschemas&gt;&lt;w:donotpromoteqf&gt;&lt;w:compatibility&gt;&lt;w:breakwrappedtables&gt;&lt;w:snaptogridincell&gt;&lt;w:wraptextwithpunct&gt;&lt;w:useasianbreakrules&gt;&lt;w:dontgrowautofit&gt;&lt;w:splitpgbreakandparamark&gt;&lt;w:dontvertaligncellwithsp&gt;&lt;w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables&gt;&lt;w:dontvertalignintxbx&gt;&lt;w:word11kerningpairs&gt;&lt;w:cachedcolbalance&gt;&lt;m:mathpr&gt;&lt;m:mathfont val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;&gt;&lt;m:brkbin val=&quot;before&quot;&gt;&lt;m:brkbinsub val=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;m:smallfrac val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;&lt;m:dispdef&gt;&lt;m:lmargin val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;m:rmargin val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;m:defjc val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; defunhidewhenused=&quot;true&quot; defsemihidden=&quot;true&quot; defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;22&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Strong&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcpYdPYRLd3c2qf71Nw6mkdOkvO9i0ZjHXVzIUZFCTrm-Rbninsukk5CzV7oB9xACuOsIpgyG-hdCJTGvdcgQi5aTPslZZHmy1BRBAB8io78LdVmLE5PzLgz8YlNNwncB5ZkaHrdBlqII/s1600/200px-Alifonso_I_d%2527Arag%25C3%25B3n.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 200px; height: 242px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcpYdPYRLd3c2qf71Nw6mkdOkvO9i0ZjHXVzIUZFCTrm-Rbninsukk5CzV7oB9xACuOsIpgyG-hdCJTGvdcgQi5aTPslZZHmy1BRBAB8io78LdVmLE5PzLgz8YlNNwncB5ZkaHrdBlqII/s320/200px-Alifonso_I_d%2527Arag%25C3%25B3n.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5597770324968997074&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Afonso I de Aragão&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:latentstyles&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/m:brkbinsub&gt;&lt;/m:brkbin&gt;&lt;/m:mathfont&gt;&lt;/m:mathpr&gt;&lt;/w:cachedcolbalance&gt;&lt;/w:word11kerningpairs&gt;&lt;/w:dontvertalignintxbx&gt;&lt;/w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables&gt;&lt;/w:dontvertaligncellwithsp&gt;&lt;/w:splitpgbreakandparamark&gt;&lt;/w:dontgrowautofit&gt;&lt;/w:useasianbreakrules&gt;&lt;/w:wraptextwithpunct&gt;&lt;/w:snaptogridincell&gt;&lt;/w:breakwrappedtables&gt;&lt;/w:compatibility&gt;&lt;/w:donotpromoteqf&gt;&lt;/w:validateagainstschemas&gt;&lt;/w:punctuationkerning&gt;&lt;/w:trackformatting&gt;&lt;/w:trackmoves&gt;&lt;/w:worddocument&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:worddocument&gt;&lt;w:trackmoves&gt;&lt;w:trackformatting&gt;&lt;w:punctuationkerning&gt;&lt;w:validateagainstschemas&gt;&lt;w:donotpromoteqf&gt;&lt;w:compatibility&gt;&lt;w:breakwrappedtables&gt;&lt;w:snaptogridincell&gt;&lt;w:wraptextwithpunct&gt;&lt;w:useasianbreakrules&gt;&lt;w:dontgrowautofit&gt;&lt;w:splitpgbreakandparamark&gt;&lt;w:dontvertaligncellwithsp&gt;&lt;w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables&gt;&lt;w:dontvertalignintxbx&gt;&lt;w:word11kerningpairs&gt;&lt;w:cachedcolbalance&gt;&lt;m:mathpr&gt;&lt;m:mathfont val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;&gt;&lt;m:brkbin val=&quot;before&quot;&gt;&lt;m:brkbinsub val=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;m:smallfrac val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;&lt;m:dispdef&gt;&lt;m:lmargin val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;m:rmargin val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;m:defjc val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; defunhidewhenused=&quot;true&quot; defsemihidden=&quot;true&quot; defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;22&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Strong&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; 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normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Não se sabe o motivo dessa decisão, mas, quando Afonso morreu em 1134, ela foi ignorada e,&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;a despeito do apoio do papa Inocêncio II, os três beneficiários&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;foram incapazes de fazê-la cumprir. Todavia, quando dez anos mais tarde se chegou a um acordo&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;em Gerona com Raimundo Berenguer de Barcelona, os templários foram&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;compensados com o domínio de meia dúzia de fortalezas, um décimo da receita real, isenção de&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;vários impostos e um quinto de todas as terras conquistadas aos mouros.&quot;&#39;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Assim, não obstante sua relutância inicial, eles foram atraídos para a Reconquista e tornaram-se&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;uma das forças mais temíveis em Portugal e na Espanha.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;O próprio fato de a Ordem do Templo ter sido capaz de assumir esse compromisso militar numa&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;segunda frente em 1114 demonstra seu êxito no recrutamento de cavaleiros.&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Suas razões para alistar-se variavam, mas seria um erro subestimar o zelo religioso. O consenso&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;entre historiadores de que outrora as cruzadas eram um frágil pretexto&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;para pilhagem e rapina havia agora mudado em favor da motivação penitencial. &quot;O compromisso&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;de participar de uma cruzada (...) implicava pesadas despesas e verdadeiros&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;sacrifícios financeiros, e os ônus sobre as famílias eram ainda mais pesados se vários membros&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;decidissem partir.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; 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priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:latentstyles&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; defunhidewhenused=&quot;true&quot; defsemihidden=&quot;true&quot; defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;22&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Strong&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;O mesmo acontecia com um cavaleiro que se juntava&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;aos templários: &quot;esperava-se que os postulantes providenciassem suas próprias roupas e equipamento quando ingressavam na ordem&quot;,I&quot; e suas famílias e amigos&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;muitas vezes arcavam com as despesas.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;READ, Piers Paul. Os Templários. Rio de Janeiro: Imago. 2001. p. 119.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:latentstyles&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:latentstyles&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/m:brkbinsub&gt;&lt;/m:brkbin&gt;&lt;/m:mathfont&gt;&lt;/m:mathpr&gt;&lt;/w:cachedcolbalance&gt;&lt;/w:word11kerningpairs&gt;&lt;/w:dontvertalignintxbx&gt;&lt;/w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables&gt;&lt;/w:dontvertaligncellwithsp&gt;&lt;/w:splitpgbreakandparamark&gt;&lt;/w:dontgrowautofit&gt;&lt;/w:useasianbreakrules&gt;&lt;/w:wraptextwithpunct&gt;&lt;/w:snaptogridincell&gt;&lt;/w:breakwrappedtables&gt;&lt;/w:compatibility&gt;&lt;/w:donotpromoteqf&gt;&lt;/w:validateagainstschemas&gt;&lt;/w:punctuationkerning&gt;&lt;/w:trackformatting&gt;&lt;/w:trackmoves&gt;&lt;/w:worddocument&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; defunhidewhenused=&quot;true&quot; defsemihidden=&quot;true&quot; defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;22&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Strong&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:lsdexception&gt;&lt;/w:latentstyles&gt;&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;xml&gt;&lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; defunhidewhenused=&quot;true&quot; defsemihidden=&quot;true&quot; defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;22&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Strong&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;&lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;  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rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3404607498041199814'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3404607498041199814'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/04/templarios-uma-das-forcas-mais-temiveis.html' title='Templários: Uma das forças mais temíveis em Portugal e na Espanha'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcpYdPYRLd3c2qf71Nw6mkdOkvO9i0ZjHXVzIUZFCTrm-Rbninsukk5CzV7oB9xACuOsIpgyG-hdCJTGvdcgQi5aTPslZZHmy1BRBAB8io78LdVmLE5PzLgz8YlNNwncB5ZkaHrdBlqII/s72-c/200px-Alifonso_I_d%2527Arag%25C3%25B3n.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-5923532924883276027</id><published>2011-04-19T10:23:00.004-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-19T10:29:23.862-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Confrarias de Mestres e Operários"/><title type='text'>Confrarias de mestres e operários de um mesmo ofício: proteção social e fé</title><content type='html'>&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; class=&quot;post-title entry-title&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:78%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot;&gt;Fonte:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a style=&quot;font-weight: normal;&quot; href=&quot;http://gloriadaidademedia.blogspot.com/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:arial;font-size:78%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: normal;font-family:arial;font-size:78%;&quot;  &gt;http://gloriadaidademedia.blogspot.com/&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://gloriadaidademedia.blogspot.com/2011/04/confrarias-de-mestres-e-operarios-de-um.html&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h3&gt;   &lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpiN3w67RdgN8CD1Xw4pCQMRhRBY4XIX5O6C0AihPMxn2eWo-LoTBbcp5qC5p5Krsnh-cscxR5vQiAkotNkSfTUGRxfgIJvD9uKthH5U7d6buMB_LHX63_Yv86lmGpcusuPcsXAUp532U/s1600/Floren%25C3%25A7a.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpiN3w67RdgN8CD1Xw4pCQMRhRBY4XIX5O6C0AihPMxn2eWo-LoTBbcp5qC5p5Krsnh-cscxR5vQiAkotNkSfTUGRxfgIJvD9uKthH5U7d6buMB_LHX63_Yv86lmGpcusuPcsXAUp532U/s400/Floren%25C3%25A7a.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; height=&quot;352&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A confraria, que era de &lt;b&gt;origem religiosa&lt;/b&gt; e existia mais ou menos por toda parte, era um &lt;b&gt;centro de ajuda mútua. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Figuravam em primeiro plano as &lt;b&gt;pensões concedidas aos mestres idosos ou já enfermos e os socorros aos doentes&lt;/b&gt;, durante todo o tempo da doença e da convalescença.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Era um &lt;b&gt;sistema de seguros&lt;/b&gt; em que cada caso podia ser conhecido e  examinado em particular, o que permitia dar o remédio apropriado a cada  situação e ainda evitar os abusos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se o filho de um mestre é pobre e quer aprender, os homens de bem devem  lhe ensinar por 5 soldos (taxa corporativa) e por suas esmolas — diz o  estatuto dos fabricantes de escudos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A corporação &lt;b&gt;ajudava ainda no caso de seus membros precisarem viajar ou por ocasião do desemprego&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;Thomas Deloney conta-nos este episódio interessante: Tom  Dsum, sapateiro inglês em viagem, encontra-se com um jovem senhor  arruinado, e se dispõe a acompanhá-lo a Londres:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;— Sou eu quem paga. Na próxima cidade nos divertiremos bastante.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzgePycQc3S9aLaw_OrEnVJaixO0JtnbERTH-OahoXVud1-9yGT_nJmfc8fMaBz2owYny4siBKUw46WxAPcGjeF2HPkgbR3xsuE-6z7M7Um-dSS15c0m0y9ZH_VhSYX-Td634GtwSEJgE/s1600/Corteo+Storico%252C+Castel+del+Piano-GR.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzgePycQc3S9aLaw_OrEnVJaixO0JtnbERTH-OahoXVud1-9yGT_nJmfc8fMaBz2owYny4siBKUw46WxAPcGjeF2HPkgbR3xsuE-6z7M7Um-dSS15c0m0y9ZH_VhSYX-Td634GtwSEJgE/s640/Corteo+Storico%252C+Castel+del+Piano-GR.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;424&quot; height=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;— Como?! Pensava que você não tivesse mais que um soldo no bolso.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;— Se você fosse sapateiro como eu, poderia viajar de um lado a outro da  Inglaterra apenas com um penny no bolso. Em cada cidade acharia boa  comida, boa cama e boa bebida, sem mesmo gastar seu penny. Isto porque  nenhum sapateiro deixará faltar alguma coisa a um dos seus. Pelo nosso  regulamento, se algum companheiro chegar a uma cidade sem dinheiro e sem  pão, basta ele se dar a conhecer, não precisando se ocupar com outra  coisa. Os outros companheiros da cidade não somente o receberão bem, mas  lhe fornecerão gratuitamente víveres e acomodações. Se quiser  trabalhar, sua corporação se encarregará de lhe arranjar um patrão, e  ele não terá que procurá-lo”.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Esta curta passagem não necessita comentários.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Assim compreendidas, as corporações eram um &lt;b&gt;centro muito vivo de ajuda mútua, honrando seu lema: “Todos por um, um por todos”. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Elas se glorificavam por suas obras de caridade. Os joalheiros obtiveram  assim permissão para vender nas festas dos apóstolos, no domingo e nos  feriados em geral.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tudo o que o joalheiro ganhasse então era colocado na caixa da  confraria, e do dinheiro desta caixa dava-se todo ano, no dia da Páscoa,  um jantar aos pobres do Hospital de Paris.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjIJhlsu6sHhicu32U8tYMlCuWfcpMhly3BRj8axwG-Q0IhwwBbPvty-xARbsLK7BRe8W4gUjfya_HkGkgn30oReJmpBvsO-b87LCcmql1u_l3HlBwriVvxRk6fbhveuaRN9esqGp40A4/s1600/PaliodiSiena2.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjIJhlsu6sHhicu32U8tYMlCuWfcpMhly3BRj8axwG-Q0IhwwBbPvty-xARbsLK7BRe8W4gUjfya_HkGkgn30oReJmpBvsO-b87LCcmql1u_l3HlBwriVvxRk6fbhveuaRN9esqGp40A4/s400/PaliodiSiena2.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; height=&quot;266&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Na maioria dos ofícios, &lt;b&gt;os órfãos da corporação são educados às suas custas.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tudo se passa numa atmosfera de concórdia e de alegria, da qual o trabalho moderno não pode dar uma idéia. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;As corporações e confrarias tinham cada uma suas tradições, suas festas, seus ritos piedosos e cômicos, canções e insígnias. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ainda segundo Thomas Deloney, para ser adotado como filho do “nobre  ofício” um sapateiro deve saber “cantar, soar o corno, tocar flauta,  martelar, combater com a espada e cantar seus instrumentos de trabalho  em versos”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nas festas da cidade e nos cortejos solenes, as corporações expunham seus estandartes e ocupavam lugares de destaque.&lt;/b&gt; São pequenos mundos extraordinariamente vivos e ativos, que dão à cidade seu impulso e sua fisionomia original.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;table class=&quot;tr-caption-container&quot; style=&quot;float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS05SSATioXvxqB1dPm-911qFlBULUg-UdO5SS5LMsS2kS__jO7uDqlTyv7VHRGsYK0PptgoXeZb3glbsG-oEF9bvgx_ssyA7McQBH1s2KqTitzNVge2OQa4SQMMAxr4wf03a_DGeWy1o/s1600/Falcoeiros2.jpg&quot; style=&quot;clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;&quot;&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhS05SSATioXvxqB1dPm-911qFlBULUg-UdO5SS5LMsS2kS__jO7uDqlTyv7VHRGsYK0PptgoXeZb3glbsG-oEF9bvgx_ssyA7McQBH1s2KqTitzNVge2OQa4SQMMAxr4wf03a_DGeWy1o/s400/Falcoeiros2.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;278&quot; height=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;tr-caption&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Falcoeiros&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;Em resumo, não se poderia melhor caracterizar a vida urbana na Idade Média do que citando &lt;b&gt;o grande historiador das cidades medievais, Henri Pirenne: &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“&lt;b&gt;A economia urbana é digna da arquitetura gótica, da qual é  contemporânea. Ela criou uma legislação social inteira, mais completa  que a de qualquer outra época, inclusive a nossa. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“Suprimindo os intermediários entre vendedor e comprador, &lt;b&gt;ela assegurou aos burgueses o benefício da vida barata. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;“&lt;b&gt;Impiedosamente perseguiu a fraude&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;b&gt;protegeu o trabalhador&lt;/b&gt; contra a concorrência e a exploração, regulamentou seu trabalho e seu salário, &lt;b&gt;velou por sua higiene, providenciou a aprendizagem, impediu o trabalho da mulher e da criança&lt;/b&gt;,  ao mesmo tempo que conseguiu reservar para a cidade o monopólio de  prover com produtos os campos circunvizinhos e encontrar ao longe  escoadouros para o seu comércio”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Régine Pernoud, “Lumière du Moyen Âge”, Bernard Grasset Éditeur, Paris, 1944&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/5923532924883276027'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/5923532924883276027'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/04/confrarias-de-mestres-e-operarios-de-um.html' title='Confrarias de mestres e operários de um mesmo ofício: proteção social e fé'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpiN3w67RdgN8CD1Xw4pCQMRhRBY4XIX5O6C0AihPMxn2eWo-LoTBbcp5qC5p5Krsnh-cscxR5vQiAkotNkSfTUGRxfgIJvD9uKthH5U7d6buMB_LHX63_Yv86lmGpcusuPcsXAUp532U/s72-c/Floren%25C3%25A7a.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-6991857884260495013</id><published>2011-03-25T00:44:00.007-03:00</published><updated>2011-03-25T01:07:56.877-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Cavaleiro Medieval"/><title type='text'>A excelência militar dos cavaleiros templários</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIk9WurbeJKaaUei2ng6Hb0TFP5PGr1vLdTjXvKxSxk6I-87h6fM_D81QN7oeIAdFjqfO00-e3FmgbrDQbGnpG4fnUK_aGVWEfHTmiGVCI3n6ycw84W-J791DXVVo9xeCNAS6SZU1f60RW/s1600/Templarios+em+Jerusalem.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;A excelência militar dos cavaleiros templários devia ser evidente no&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;momento do combate: o prestigioso emblema bipartido branco e preto, cujo&lt;br /&gt;significado os historiadores ainda não estão certos, era a imagem visível do orgulho&lt;br /&gt;religioso e militar da Ordem.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Não eram admitidas recusas a esse espírito de&lt;br /&gt;heroísmo, em nome da imagem moral do Templo que era defendida a todo custo. O&lt;br /&gt;único refúgio era a solidariedade dos outros confrades, prontos a se expor&lt;br /&gt;pessoalmente para salvar um companheiro:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;Ninguém deve se afastar da sua posição sem a&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;permissão do superior, nem mesmo se estiver ferido. E se&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;estiver em situação de não conseguir pedir licença, deve&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;mandar um companheiro que o faça.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;E se por acaso ocorrer&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;dos cristãos serem derrotados, que Deus os receba! Nenhum&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;frade deve afastar-se do campo de batalha até que seja&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;exposta ao inimigo a insígnia do Templo: e quem desrespeitar&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;essas normas será caçado e excluído para sempre da Ordem.&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Quando um frade vir que não há mais nenhum estandarte do&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;Templo nas imediações, deverá deslocar-se para o estandarte&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;dos Hospitalários mais próximo que puder ser encontrado, e se&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;mesmo estes estiverem próximos da derrota, desde então&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;estará livre para se colocar a salvo da forma que Deus lhe&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;sugerir.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(51, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fonte:&lt;/span&gt;  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;Os Templários e o Pergaminho de Chinon Encontrado nos&lt;/span&gt;    &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;Arquivos Secretos do Vaticano&lt;/span&gt;        &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Barbara Frale&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;Capítulo III: O Código de Honra dos&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;Templários&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(102, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4. Viver e morrer sob uma bandeira&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/6991857884260495013'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/6991857884260495013'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/03/excelencia-militar-dos-cavaleiros.html' title='A excelência militar dos cavaleiros templários'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-3142572671748120364</id><published>2011-02-15T21:18:00.010-03:00</published><updated>2011-02-17T01:12:04.981-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Processo contra os Templários"/><title type='text'>Processus Contra Templarios - Conferência de Imprensa</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:arial,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;Uma conferência&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;de imprensa&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;para a apresentação do&lt;/span&gt; volume &lt;span title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 17px;font-family:Verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif,Verdana,Tahoma,sans-serif;font-size:11px;&quot;  &gt;&lt;b&gt;«Processus Contra Templarios»&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&gt;, realizado&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;na&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;Sala&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;Vecchia do&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;Sínodo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot; class=&quot;&quot;&gt;, Cidade&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;do Vaticano&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;25 out 2007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:arial,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:Georgia,serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:arial,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fonte: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/default.htm&quot;&gt;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/default.htm&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:arial,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:arial,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Leia aqui sobre a edição inédita e exclusiva &lt;b&gt;Processus Contra Templarios&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.zenit.org/article-16554?l=portuguese&quot;&gt;http://www.zenit.org/article-16554?l=portuguese&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Clique nas imagens para ampliar&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;Press conference for the presentation of &quot;Processus contra Templarios&quot; volume, held in the Sala Vecchia del Sinodo, Vatican City, Oct 25th, 2007&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:arial,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;hps&quot; title=&quot;Clique para mostrar traduções alternativas&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;  style=&quot;font-family:&#39;Times New Roman&#39;;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;&lt;h5&gt;&lt;span&gt;CLICK ON THUMBNAILS TO OPEN PREVIEW&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h5&gt;&lt;table bordercolorlight=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot; bordercolordark=&quot;#FFFFFF&quot; border=&quot;1&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;10&quot; rules=&quot;All&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage1.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2006.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 06&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;A press conference for the presentation of &quot;Processus contra Templarios&quot; volume, held in the Sala Vecchia del Sinodo, Vatican City, Oct 25th, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage1.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage2.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2002.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 02&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;Prof.Franco Cardini shows the 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage2.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage3.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2003.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 03&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;Barbara Frale , of the Vatican Archives speaks during the presentation of the 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage3.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage4.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2004.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 04&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;The 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage4.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage5.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2005.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 05&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;A press conference for the presentation of &quot;Processus contra Templarios&quot; volume, held in the Sala Vecchia del Sinodo, Vatican City, Oct 25th, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage5.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage6.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2007.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 07&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;Barbara Frale , of the Vatican Archives poses after the presentation of the 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage6.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage7.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2008.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 08&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;A detail of the parchment depicting Clement V interrogating 72 templars. Vatican City, October 25th, 2007.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage7.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage8.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2009.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 09&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;The 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage8.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage9.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2010.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 10&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;The 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage9.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; 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valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage13.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2014.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 14&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;The 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage13.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage14.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2015.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 15&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;Prof. Valerio Massimo Manfredi (L) archeologist and author, and Ferdinando Santoro (R) president of Scrinium , during the presentation of the 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage14.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage15.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2016.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 16&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;Monsignor Sergio Pagano looks on during the presentation of the 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage15.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;CENTER&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;150&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/ppages/ppage16.htm&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://www.catholicpressphoto.com/servizi/2007-10-25-conferenza-templari/images/thumbs/2007-10-25-press-conference%2001.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td align=&quot;LEFT&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; height=&quot;100&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Filename: &lt;/b&gt;2007-10-25-press-conference 01&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Description: &lt;/b&gt;Barbara Frale , of the Vatican Archives poses after the presentation of the 300-page volume &#39;Processus Contra Templarios&#39; (Latin for &#39;Trial against the Templars&#39;) at the Vatican, Thursday Oct. 25, 2007&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Object name: &lt;/b&gt;ppages/ppage16.htm&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Credit: &lt;/b&gt;©ALESSIA GIULIANI/CPP&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3142572671748120364'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3142572671748120364'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/02/processo-contra-templarios-conferencia.html' title='Processus Contra Templarios - Conferência de Imprensa'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-583568855166078409</id><published>2011-02-10T01:38:00.001-03:00</published><updated>2011-02-10T01:42:02.675-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Inquisição e Cruzadas"/><title type='text'>A Inquisição Portuguesa</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Dom Estêvão Bettencourt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;strong&gt;Poder Régio e Inquisição em      Portugal&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Em síntese: O      Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Brasil publicou  os Regimentos da      Inquisição em Portugal (vigentes também no Brasil)  datados de 1.552, 1.613,      1.640 e 1.774 (este assinado pelo Marquês  do Pombal). São acompanhados de      uma Introdução redigida pela  Professora Sônia Aparecida de Siqueira, que põe      em evidência o fato  de que a Inquisição nunca foi uma instituição meramente       eclesiástica, mas, em virtude da lei do padroado, foi mais e mais  dirigida      pela Coroa de Portugal em vista de seus interesses  políticos. A Santa Sé      teve de se opor mais de uma vez aos processos  da Inquisição, a fim de      tutelar os cristãos-novos e outros  cidadãos julgados pelo Tribunal. A      Inquisição está sempre em foco. É  motivo de acusações à Igreja, muitas vezes      mal fundamentadas ou  repetidas como chavões, sem que o público tenha acesso      aos  documentos básicos que nortearam a Inquisição. Poucas pessoas têm       contato direto com os arquivos e as fontes escritas do movimento       inquisitorial. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Eis que o      Instituto Histórico e Geográfico do Brasil (IHGB)  publicou no número 392      (ano 157) da sua revista, correspondente a  julho/setembro 1996 (pp.      495-1.020) os Regimentos do Santo Ofício  da Inquisição do Reino de Portugal      datados de 1552, 1613, 1640,  1774 (este assinado pelo Marquês de Pombal),      além de um Regimento  sem data. Tal edição esteve aos cuidados da Profª.      Sônia Aparecida  de Siqueira, sócia-correspondente do IHGB em São Paulo, que       escreveu longa Introdução a tais documentos. Como nota o Prof. Arno  Wehling,      presidente do IHGB em 1996, a Dra- Sônia Aparecida  localizou a Inquisição e      seus sucessivos regimentos nos diferentes  momentos históricos, sublinhando,      inclusive, a progressiva expansão  do poder real sobre a instituição,      culminando no regime  sectarista. (p. 495) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Como se sabe, a      Inquisição nunca (nem na Idade Média) foi um  Tribunal meramente      eclesiástico. Isto era inconcebível outrora,  dado que o Estado era      oficialmente cristão e, por isto, se julgava  responsável pelos interesses da      fé cristã; a tal título intervinha  ele em questões de foro religioso, por      vezes ditando normas à  Igreja. Tal realidade se acentuou na Península      Ibérica (Espanha e  Portugal) a partir do século XVI, em virtude dos      privilégios do  padroado. Com efeito, já que os reis de Espanha e Portugal      eram  descobridores de novas terras, às quais levavam a fé católica, a Santa       Sé lhes concedeu poderes especiais para organizarem a vida da Igreja  nas      regiões recém-descobertas; daí a grande ingerência nos  assuntos religiosos,      a título de colaboração com a Igreja...  colaboração que redundou, aos      poucos, em sufocação da autoridade  eclesiástica em favor dos interesses da      Coroa. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Nas linhas      subseqüentes, apresentaremos as origens da Inquisição  em Portugal e alguns      traços da explanação da Profª. Sônia  Aparecida, que põem em relevo a      intervenção sempre mais prepotente  dos monarcas em assuntos inquisitoriais. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;strong&gt;Origens da Inquisição      Portuguesa&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             O rei D. João III      de Portugal (1521-57) desejava que o Papa  estabelecesse a Inquisição em seu      reino, tendo em vista  especialmente a eliminação dos judeus não plenamente      convertidos ao  Cristianismo. Durante 27 anos, Sua Majestade e a Santa Sé se       defrontaram, visto que o rei pedia poderes, em matéria religiosa, que o  Papa      não lhe queria conceder: Assim, conforme o monarca, o  Inquisidor-mor seria      escolhido pelo rei, assim como os outros  Inquisidores (subordinados),      podendo estes últimos ser não apenas  clérigos, mas também juristas leigos,      que passariam a ter a mesma  jurisdição que os eclesiásticos. Mais: Conforme      o desejo do rei, os  Inquisidores estariam acima dos Bispos e dos Superiores      das Ordens  Religiosas, de modo que poderiam processar e condenar       eclesiásticos sem consultar os respectivos prelados; os Bispos ficariam       impedidos de intervir em qualquer causa que os Inquisidores  chamassem a si.      Ainda: Os Inquisidores poderiam impor excomunhões  reservadas à Santa Sé e      levantar as que eram impostas pelos Bispos.  Como se vê, o rei queria desta      maneira obter o controle total  sobre os Bispos e a Igreja em Portugal. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Finalmente aos      17/12/1.531 o Papa Clemente VII concedeu a  Inquisição em Portugal, mas em      termos que contrariavam às  solicitações de D. João III: Em vez de outorgar      ao rei poderes para  nomear os Inquisidores, o Papa nomeou diretamente um      Comissário da  Sé Apostólica e Inquisidor no reino de Portugal e nos seus       domínios. Esse Comissário poderia nomear outros Inquisidores, mas a sua       autoridade não estava acima da dos Bispos, que poderiam também, por  seu      lado, investigar as heresias. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Os termos desta      Bula ou concessão nunca foram aplicados em  Portugal. O Inquisidor nomeado,      Frei Diogo da Silva, era o  confessor do rei; não aceitou o cargo, talvez por      pressão do  monarca. Apesar disto, em meio a grande agitação popular,      começaram  a funcionar tribunais inquisitoriais em algumas dioceses       anarquicamente. Em conseqüência, o Papa suspendeu a Inquisição e,  alegando      que o rei o enganara (escondendo-lhe a conversão forçada  de judeus no      reinado de D. Manoel, 1.495-1.521) ordenou a anistia  aos judeus e a      restituição dos bens confiscados (Bula de  07/04/1.535). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             As razões sobre as      quais se baseavam tais decisões de Clemente  VII, são assaz significativas: A      conversão dos judeus infiéis deve  ser propiciada mediante a persuasão e a      doçura, das quais Cristo  deu o exemplo, respeitando sempre o livre arbítrio      humano; a  conversão violenta ou extorquida dos judeus sob o reinado de D.       Manoel era tida como façanha que não se deveria reproduzir. A Santa Sé  assim      procurava defender e proteger os cristãos-novos, vítimas do  poder régio. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             O Papa Clemente      VII, que resistira a D. João III, morreu em 1.534,  tendo por sucessor Paulo      III. O rei voltou a insistir junto ao  Pontífice para conseguir o tipo de      tribunal de Inquisição que  atendia aos interesses da Coroa. Não o obteve      propriamente, mas por  Bula de 23/05/1.536 Paulo III restabeleceu a      Inquisição em  Portugal, nomeando três Inquisidores e autorizando o rei a      nomear  outro; além disto, o Pontífice mandava que, durante três anos, os       nomes das testemunhas de acusação não fossem acobertados por segredo e       durante dez anos os bens dos condenados não fossem confiscados; os  Bispos      teriam as mesmas faculdades que os Inquisidores na pesquisa  das heresias.      Por intermédio de seu Núncio em Lisboa, o Papa  reservava a si o direito de      fiscalizar o cumprimento da Bula, de  examinar os processos quando bem o      entendesse e de decidir em  última instância. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             É a partir desta      Bula (23/05/1.536) que se pode considerar  estabelecida a Inquisição em      Portugal. O rei, que não se dava por  satisfeito com as disposições da Santa      Sé, começou a burlá-las.  Quis, antes do mais, subtrair a Inquisição à      vigilância do  Pontífice e, para tanto, suscitou incidentes numerosos a ponto      de  obrigar a partir o Núncio Capodiferro, que tinha poderes para suspender o       tribunal, caso não fossem respeitadas as cláusulas de proteção aos       cristãos-novos. Além disto, nomeou Inquisidor o Infante D.  Henrique, seu      irmão, então Arcebispo de Braga que, com seus 27  anos, não tinha idade legal      para exercer tais funções. Enfim  aproveitava ou provocava ocasiões ou      pretextos para fazer que o  público cresse na má fé dos judeus convertidos      (cristãos novos):  Assim apareceu um cartaz nas portas da catedral e de      outras igrejas  de Lisboa, anunciando a chegada próxima do Messias... Um      alfaiate  de Setúbal apresentou-se ao público como Messias, o que não foi       levado a sério pela população, mas bastou para que os agentes do rei       fizessem grandes represálias e tentassem convencer Roma dos perigos do       judaísmo em Portugal. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Apesar da má      vontade do rei, o Papa fazia questão de manter sob  seu controle o Santo      Ofício em Portugal. Reforçando normas  anteriores, o Pontífice emitiu nova      Bula em 12/10/1.539, que  proibia aduzir testemunhas secretas e concedia      outras garantias aos  acusados, entre as quais o direito de apelação para o      Papa;  determinava outrossim que os emolumentos dos Inquisidores não fossem       pagos mediante os bens dos prisioneiros. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Também esta Bula      não foi observada em Portugal. O Papa então  resolveu suspender a Inquisição      pelo Breve de 22/09/1.544; tomou a  precaução de fazer publicar de surpresa      em Lisboa este documento,  levado secretamente para lá por um novo Núncio. O      rei,  profundamente golpeado, jogou a sua última cartada; requereu ao Papa       que revogasse a suspensão e restaurasse a Inquisição sem qualquer  limitação,      e acrescentava a ameaça: &quot;Se Vossa Santidade não prover  nisso, como é      obrigado e dele se espera, não poderei deixar de  remediá-lo confiando em que      não somente do que suceder Vossa  Santidade me haverá por sem culpa, mas      também os príncipes e os  fiéis cristãos que o souberem, conhecerão que disso      não sou causa  nem ocasião.&quot; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Tais palavras      continham a ameaça de desobediência formal ao Papa e  de cisão na Igreja. D.      João III seguiu o conselho que lhe fora  dado pelos seus dois enviados à      Santa Sé em 1.535: Negasse  obediência ao Papa, imitando o exemplo do rei      Henrique VIII da  Inglaterra. Entre a obediência ao Papa, como fiel católico,      e a  rebeldia declarada que lhe permitisse instituir um tribunal, que era no       fundo um instrumento da política régia, o rei de Portugal estava  disposto a      seguir a segunda via. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             O Pontífice via-se      naquele momento (1.544/45) premido por outras  graves preocupações, como a      convocação e a preparação do Concílio  de Trento, sobre o qual o Imperador      Carlos V e outros monarcas  tinham seus interesses. Em conseqüência, acabou      por aceitar os  pontos principais da solicitação de D. João III: Por Bula de       16/07/1.547, nomeou lnquisidor-Geral o Cardeal Infante D. Henrique, e       retirou aos Núncios em Lisboa a autoridade para intervirem nos  assuntos de      alçada da Inquisição; esta seguiria seus trâmites  próprios, diversos dos      habituais nos processos comuns. Ao mesmo  tempo, porém, o Papa mitigava suas      disposições: Promulgou um Breve  que suspendia o confisco de bens por dez      anos; outro Breve  suspendia por um ano a entrega de condenados ao braço      secular (ou a  aplicação da pena de morte). Em outro Breve ainda o Papa fazia       recomendações tendentes a moderar os previsíveis excessos da Inquisição e  a      permitir a partida dos cristãos-novos para o estrangeiro. Pouco  antes de      morrer ou aos 08/01/1549, Paulo III editou novo Breve, que  abolia o segredo      das testemunhas; Breve este que provavelmente  nunca foi aplicado em      Portugal. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Eis algumas passagens muito      significativas da Introdução redigida pela Profª. Sônia Aparecida:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristãos novos&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Urgia acalmar a      inquietação causada pela presença dos  cristãos-novos, inimigos em potencial      pelo seu supranacionalismo. O  combate às minorias dissidentes era um      programa inadiável. Os  neo-cristãos podiam ser portadores do fermento      herético por suas  crenças residuais e por seus íntimos contatos com      luteranos e  judeus. E mais: Com a frutificação das descobertas, da      exploração  do mundo colonial que se montava, com o comércio ultramarino, com      a  urbanização progressiva, os cristãos-novos ganhavam força econômica e       tendiam a uma solidariedade que lhes acrescia o poder de ação no  meio      social. O trono sentiu a ameaça que representariam se não  fossem bons      cristãos. Reagiu. A Inquisição foi criada e estendeu-se  sobre cristãos-novos,      cristãos-velhos, povo, hierarquias. (pp.  502s) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Certas      determinações de Roma avocando a si, diretamente, ou por  meio de seus      Núncios, jurisdição sobre os cristãos-novos revelam  que existia ainda uma      certa indefinição da hierarquia judicial, bem  como o propósito pontifício de      reservar para a Cúria a jurisdição  superior. Em 1.533, a Bula de Clemente      VII Sempiterno Regi revogou  todos os poderes que haviam sido outorgados a      Frei Diogo da Silva,  Inquisidor-mor de Portugal, chamando a si todas as      causas dos  cristãos-novos, mouros e heréticos. Em 1.534, um Breve de Paulo      III  dirigido a D. João III mandava que os Inquisidores suspendessem os       processos contra pessoas suspeitas de heresia. Em 1535, uma Carta  Pontifícia      determinava que os Núncios de Portugal pudessem conhecer  as apelações dos      cristãos-novos. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             No mesmo ano,      escrevia Paulo III ao rei sobre os cristãos-novos, e  aos cristãos-novos;      interferindo diretamente na definição do  processo, concedia que pudessem      tomar por procuradores e defensores  quaisquer pessoas que quisessem. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             As Bulas de perdão      geral que paralisavam a ação do Tribunal vinham  de Roma, diluindo, de tempos      em tempos, a autoridade dos  Inquisidores. Confirmando o primeiro perdão      concedido por Clemente  VII, concedia Paulo III um segundo em 1.535 e, em      1547, pela Bula &lt;em&gt;Illius qui misericors&lt;/em&gt;,  concedia um terceiro. Ao      depois, outros indultos gerais foram  sendo concedidos, e, quando o próprio      rei os negociava com os  cristãos-novos, tinha de pleiteá-los junto à Cúria      Romana, como  aconteceu com Felipe III em 1.605. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Aliás, as      intromissões da Cúria nas atividades da Inquisição  continuaram, decrescentes      sem dúvida, mas constantes pelo tempo  afora, dada a natureza de sua justiça.      De 1.678 a 1.681, o Santo  Ofício chegou a ser suspenso em Portugal por      decisão do Pontífice, o  que indica que, apesar da amplificação do      absolutismo, os  tribunais continuavam a carecer da aquiescência de Roma para      atuar.  (pp. 506s) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;strong&gt;A figura do Inquisidor&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Capaz, idôneo, de      boa consciência, devia ser o Inquisidor:  Requisitos que garantiriam a      aplicação da justiça com equanimidade.  Pedia-se também constância... (p.      526) O juízo coletivo sobre a  Inquisição dependeria do comportamento de seus      oficiais, de sua  capacidade de corrigir as próprias imperfeições, de imolar      impulsos  e interesses em prol do bom nome do Tribunal. A verdade é que, na       prática, ou por causa da vigilância social, ou do controle  institucional,      ou, talvez, da fusão dos ideais individuais com os  do Santo Ofício, não      temos notícia de escândalos ou abusos dos  agentes inquisitoriais.      Geralmente, as exceções apenas confirmariam  a regra. Alguns Inquisidores,      por suas virtudes ou pelo  sacrifício, chegaram a ser elevados aos altares. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Em nota (74) diz a      autora: &quot;Não pertenceram ao Santo Ofício  português, mas foram santificados      os Inquisidores S. Raimundo  Penafort, S. Toríbio Mongrovejo, S. Pedro de      Verona, mártir, S. Pio  V, S. Domingos de Gusmão, S. Pedro de Arbuês, S. João      Capistrano.  Beatificados foram Pedro Castronovo, legado cisterciense,      Raimundo,  arcediago de Toledo, Bernardo, seu capelão. Inquisidores também,       dois clérigos, Fortanerio e Ademaro, núncios do Santo Ofício de Tolosa,       martirizados pelos albigenses, Conrado de Marburg, mártir, pároco e       Inquisidor da Alemanha, e o confessor de Sta.Isabel da Hungria,  João de      Salermo. O Inquisidor da Frísia e Holanda no século XVI,  Guilherme Lindano,      foi considerado Venerável&quot; (p. 527). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;A Inquisição Pombalina &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             &quot;A idéia de      separação de um Estado só político e de uma igreja só  religiosa germina      nessa época&quot;. Pretende-se uma nova política  religiosa que usa a tolerância      como seu instrumento. Impunha-se  conexão com o Absolutismo, ainda então vivo      como idéia política.  Limitar o poder jurisdicional da Igreja e difundir o      espírito  laico. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Em meio a esse      clima das reformas pretendidas, a questão religiosa  punha em relevo o Santo      Ofício, tradicional defensor da ortodoxia  das crenças, fiel zelador da      unidade das consciências. Não se pensa  em extingui-lo, mas, sim, em      reformá-lo, adequando-o aos novos  tempos. Urgia a elaboração de um novo      Regimento que tornasse a  Inquisição mais inofensiva e pusesse o Tribunal      realmente nas mãos  da Coroa. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;     &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Esse novo      Regimento foi mandado executar pelo Cardeal da Cunha. No  seu Preâmbulo,      justifica-se a sua necessidade na medida em que as  leis que geriam o Santo      Ofício teriam sido, ao longo dos séculos,  distorcidas pelos jesuítas,      interessados em dar ao Papa o supremo  poder sobre a Inquisição. Desde o      governo do Cardeal Infante D.  Henrique (dominado, diz o Cardeal da Cunha,      pelo seu confessor, o  jesuíta Leão Henriques) até ao Reinado de D. João V,      foi o Tribunal  escapando ao poder do rei. Teria chegado ao máximo a      influência da  Companhia, sob o Inquisidor D. Pedro de Castilho, que tornou a       legislação mais jesuítica do que régia. (p. 562) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;               &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;     &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             Os tempos eram      diversos. O Estado se configurava de outra maneira,  definindo diferentes      funções. Cioso de seu poder, recusava-se a  partilhá-lo com quaisquer      instituições ou estamentos. Impunha-se a  necessidade de limitar o poder      jurisdicional da Igreja. Assim o  Regimento de 1.774 visou o fortalecimento      do poder da Coroa,  invocando o direito do Reino. Instalava-se o regalismo      absolutista  como ideal de união cristã na ordem civil. (p. 563)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;          &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;             É importante      conhecer os dados históricos dos quais as páginas  deste artigo referem      apenas alguns poucos traços. Contribuem para  repor a verdade em foco,      mostrando as causas latentes da Inquisição  em Portugal (como também na      Espanha). Os estudiosos não podem  deixar de exprimir sua gratidão ao      Instituto Histórico e Geográfico  do Brasil pela publicação do trabalho da      Profª. Sônia Aparecida de  Siqueira e dos Regimentos da Inquisição Portuguesa      (que vigoraram  também no Brasil colonial).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.domhenrique.com.br/index.php/variedades/585-a-inquisicao-portuguesa-dom-estevao-bettencourt-&quot;&gt;Dom Henrique&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/583568855166078409'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/583568855166078409'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/02/inquisicao-portuguesa.html' title='A Inquisição Portuguesa'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-2615576959734113028</id><published>2011-02-09T21:33:00.004-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-20T18:44:31.378-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Politicamente Incorreto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Revolução Francesa"/><title type='text'>O Livro Negro da Revolução Francesa</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig6QoIp88VO3QYgz1kqgxNQ07E6lqM0TGXpUXjhJwc1WRT8VniQs19rmHJQJVPn3xNq4iJHEFaCY1xCQXEvRVKZnpU5bpx1tiMaSJG1XjCf39DAp1vMu5bNQVuKjRIrP38LTOSmxWVwiQ/s1600/livro+negro+da+revolu%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o+francesa.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 146px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig6QoIp88VO3QYgz1kqgxNQ07E6lqM0TGXpUXjhJwc1WRT8VniQs19rmHJQJVPn3xNq4iJHEFaCY1xCQXEvRVKZnpU5bpx1tiMaSJG1XjCf39DAp1vMu5bNQVuKjRIrP38LTOSmxWVwiQ/s320/livro+negro+da+revolu%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o+francesa.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5571857695438480946&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot; class=&quot;smller&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sacralidade.com/mundo2009/0218.livro_negro.html&quot;&gt;Le Figaro Magazine&lt;/a&gt;  -  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.livrariacultura.com.br/scripts/cultura/resenha/resenha.asp?nitem=22418540&amp;amp;sid=7781511191328397729374918&amp;amp;k5=29B1EC8C&amp;amp;uid=&quot;&gt;Livraria Cultura&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Da perseguição religiosa aos tribunais do Terror, da guerra civil à  destruição das obras de arte, &quot;O Livro Negro da Revolução Francesa&quot;  revela o que os manuais escolares nos ocultam...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A Revolução  Francesa de 1789 é normalmente descrita como um acontecimento glorioso,  libertador e fraternal, que significou o triunfo de uma Razão há longo  tempo amadurecida e desejada na Europa e que destruiu o mundo do Ancien  Régime. Mas o acontecimento que é apontado como fundador de valores como  a Liberdade, Igualdade e Fraternidade representou, simultaneamente, um  dos mais sangrentos períodos da história contemporânea, com marcas que  perduram até aos dias de hoje.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot;O Livro Negro da Revolução  Francesa&quot; não pretende &quot;branquear&quot; factos. É inegável que a extrema  violência que este acontecimento gerou -- e que no entanto se reclama  como sendo um produto das &quot;Luzes&quot; -- deixou marcas indeléveis em  sucessivas gerações no mundo ocidental.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Este livro pretende apresentar uma visão alternativa, não só da  Revolução Francesa, mas também dos processos revolucionários globalmente  considerados, oferecida por trabalhos e reflexões críticas com um valor  e autoridade que são, frequente e precipitadamente, recusados, mas que  têm sido fundamentais para a desconstrução da &quot;mitologia&quot;  revolucionária. Das perseguições religiosas aos tribunais do Terror, da  guerra civil à destruição de obras de arte, o leitor poderá com o  presente livro ganhar uma nova perspectiva sobre um dos acontecimentos  mais marcantes da História.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Esta obra colectiva conta com a  participação de mais de quatro dezenas de especialistas oriundos de  várias áreas do conhecimento (como Pierre Chaunu, Jean Tulard, Emmanuel  Le Roy Ladurie, Stéphane Courtois, este último autor/coordenador de &quot;O  Livro Negro do Comunismo&quot;), que procuram abordar vários aspectos e  dimensões da Revolução Francesa de uma forma inovadora e rigorosa.  Apresentação: Miguel Morgado.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Autor: Vários, sob a direcção de Renaud Escande&lt;br /&gt;Título: O Livro Negro da Revolução Francesa&lt;br /&gt;Editora: Aletheia Editores, Lisboa, Agosto de 2010, 794 págs.&lt;br /&gt;ISBN: 978-989-622-238-3&lt;br /&gt;Formato: 14 x 22</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/2615576959734113028'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/2615576959734113028'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/02/o-livro-negro-da-revolucao-francesa.html' title='O Livro Negro da Revolução Francesa'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEig6QoIp88VO3QYgz1kqgxNQ07E6lqM0TGXpUXjhJwc1WRT8VniQs19rmHJQJVPn3xNq4iJHEFaCY1xCQXEvRVKZnpU5bpx1tiMaSJG1XjCf39DAp1vMu5bNQVuKjRIrP38LTOSmxWVwiQ/s72-c/livro+negro+da+revolu%25C3%25A7%25C3%25A3o+francesa.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-7959885714198221499</id><published>2011-02-08T12:43:00.005-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-10T21:32:03.421-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Catedrais"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Idade Média"/><title type='text'>Catedrais</title><content type='html'>Diz Thomas Woods autor do livro &lt;em style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Como a Igreja Católica Construiu a Civilização Ocidental&lt;/em&gt; :&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Catedrais católicas em Bologna, Florença, Paris e Roma foram construídas  com a função de observatórios solares. Nenhum instrumento mais preciso  para observar o movimento aparente do Sol poderia ser achado em qualquer  lugar do mundo.&lt;br /&gt;[...]&lt;br /&gt;A Igreja, segundo o historiador Lowrie  Daly, &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;“era a única instituição na Europa que mostrava interesse consistente na preservação e cultivo do conhecimento”.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Veja mais aqui: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6bnO7N1AMU&quot;&gt;YouTube&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.quadrante.com.br/Pages/loja_detalhes.asp?id=672&amp;amp;categoria=Pensamentos&amp;amp;pg=buscalivro&amp;amp;campo=thomas&amp;amp;pagina=1&quot;&gt;Livraria&lt;/a&gt; - &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.4shared.com/document/k4CW36oS/Thomas_E_Woods_Jr_Como_A_Igrej.html&quot;&gt;Download&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A Idade média é alvo de constantes ataques por ser &lt;a href=&quot;http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/01/idade-media-caluniada-por-ser.html&quot;&gt;realização da Cristandad&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/01/idade-media-caluniada-por-ser.html&quot;&gt;e&lt;/a&gt;, mas a verdade prevalecerá.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Imagem: Esfera astral e relógio planetário, catedral de Estrasburgo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwvptMzqmEj6DnHUuvPPr-tS1CKfN51Orbv4-_2VA15mbT2ILDiHQGLf4xn2uXB1HOoc0mIctQ7WKueWGdwxL657Fzm8Ue08QgYDaSJjDmiY0iV2uW9pyEExS5VUm7UGbyvoChxXhbemI/s1600/Esfera+astral+e+relogio+planetario%252C+catedral+de+Estrasbourgo.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 259px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwvptMzqmEj6DnHUuvPPr-tS1CKfN51Orbv4-_2VA15mbT2ILDiHQGLf4xn2uXB1HOoc0mIctQ7WKueWGdwxL657Fzm8Ue08QgYDaSJjDmiY0iV2uW9pyEExS5VUm7UGbyvoChxXhbemI/s320/Esfera+astral+e+relogio+planetario%252C+catedral+de+Estrasbourgo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5571371584819124018&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/7959885714198221499'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/7959885714198221499'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/02/catedrais.html' title='Catedrais'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwvptMzqmEj6DnHUuvPPr-tS1CKfN51Orbv4-_2VA15mbT2ILDiHQGLf4xn2uXB1HOoc0mIctQ7WKueWGdwxL657Fzm8Ue08QgYDaSJjDmiY0iV2uW9pyEExS5VUm7UGbyvoChxXhbemI/s72-c/Esfera+astral+e+relogio+planetario%252C+catedral+de+Estrasbourgo.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-6515598903940164166</id><published>2011-02-08T11:04:00.006-03:00</published><updated>2011-02-08T16:44:19.086-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Símbolos"/><title type='text'>Deus Geômetra</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDKHL5gJ7gcjTRkr4MaGStoKRwGTl1Rox8Qg-TsYMiqpPrsbd1IE6vIyWIj-GEKii7jcsMwpuJ73ANLFbMajdEB9FOXqazOCmc2X2TGuC9-ouEIdnneyckj-leKOSdQAoL5i2fWt_Ak3s/s1600/Deus+Criador%252C+geometra%252C+Codex+Vindobonensis+2554.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 227px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDKHL5gJ7gcjTRkr4MaGStoKRwGTl1Rox8Qg-TsYMiqpPrsbd1IE6vIyWIj-GEKii7jcsMwpuJ73ANLFbMajdEB9FOXqazOCmc2X2TGuC9-ouEIdnneyckj-leKOSdQAoL5i2fWt_Ak3s/s320/Deus+Criador%252C+geometra%252C+Codex+Vindobonensis+2554.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5571320436361016562&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Deus Criador, através de princípios geométricos&lt;br /&gt;Bíblia Moralisee, Codex Vindobonensis&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Do século XIII, é a mais importante bíblia ilustrada medieval.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Na idade média a Igreja fez uso de imagens como meio de instrução, livros eram muito caros por ser manuscritos, então os textos eram selecionados e transmitidos com imagens e explicações morais.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinCCM8ga9FJ_5Y0LQVYiNjEfmn6HNbL5bCQ3S8thXAWSx7EpwBDwtPYCpHDUpSe2QIECEw5WD_Dd8hxaWS53vJtMPNxfCkJpyrXk4C44WvRREAcLLL0TJRscuYoVjLgn8mMqnysDyWzZ4/s1600/Biblia%252C+Toledo.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 229px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinCCM8ga9FJ_5Y0LQVYiNjEfmn6HNbL5bCQ3S8thXAWSx7EpwBDwtPYCpHDUpSe2QIECEw5WD_Dd8hxaWS53vJtMPNxfCkJpyrXk4C44WvRREAcLLL0TJRscuYoVjLgn8mMqnysDyWzZ4/s320/Biblia%252C+Toledo.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5571328215896470514&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Bíblia, Toledo&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/6515598903940164166'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/6515598903940164166'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/02/deus-geometra.html' title='Deus Geômetra'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDKHL5gJ7gcjTRkr4MaGStoKRwGTl1Rox8Qg-TsYMiqpPrsbd1IE6vIyWIj-GEKii7jcsMwpuJ73ANLFbMajdEB9FOXqazOCmc2X2TGuC9-ouEIdnneyckj-leKOSdQAoL5i2fWt_Ak3s/s72-c/Deus+Criador%252C+geometra%252C+Codex+Vindobonensis+2554.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-1278634980340270732</id><published>2011-02-03T18:07:00.005-03:00</published><updated>2011-02-03T18:19:43.810-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Inquisição e Cruzadas"/><title type='text'>Cruzadas - Pregação</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzDmSTgQylEWlVp_iv0ancBMyte0suaWAGyHW8qZKyjc7AQtX5E1bB5VdHR_kZFtLZH6aeOcZ2FLWgY-RGOjI3VzlBfLh6NvmmRE_wxXhaxEdsCZnmYN6aIVw_HYzJLXZ5X-TftLp2JRA/s1600/Sao+Bernardo+de+Claraval%252C+Reno+superior%252C+1450.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7CxAuiI0WzIgU9v9aGKT_1OYTeWTl6FtioEaH0p2FDfKQnNZ0H6F8-FKEkgf3jGCHGNngK_uxc0qvfP7IgefauP7cl8L2sq-hFuKryb2-t0BJkH3ZXaKVft0ItBDSGcn3dvl_iVT1Y24/s1600/urbano_ii.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 314px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7CxAuiI0WzIgU9v9aGKT_1OYTeWTl6FtioEaH0p2FDfKQnNZ0H6F8-FKEkgf3jGCHGNngK_uxc0qvfP7IgefauP7cl8L2sq-hFuKryb2-t0BJkH3ZXaKVft0ItBDSGcn3dvl_iVT1Y24/s320/urbano_ii.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5569573917322142610&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Sua Santidade Urbano II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Dirijo-me aos pais, aos filhos, aos irmãos e aos sobrinhos de todas as famílias&lt;br /&gt;cristãs. Se um estrangeiro abatesse um vosso familiar, não vos sentiríeis na&lt;br /&gt;obrigação de vos vingardes? E não tereis ainda mais obrigação de vingar aquele que&lt;br /&gt;é vosso Deus e vosso irmão, vendo-o espezinhado, expulso da sua terra, crucificado,&lt;br /&gt;ouvindo a chamar por vós, aflito, a pedir socorro?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Urbano II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&quot;A nobre raça dos Francos deve ir ajudar os seus companheiros Cristãos no Leste. Os Turcos infieis estão avançando no coração do Reino Cristão de Leste; Cristãos estão sendo oprimidos e atacados; igrejas e lugares santos estão sendo profanados. Jerusalem está gemendo sob o jugo Sarraceno.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O Santo Sepulcro está em mãos mulçumanas que o transformaram numa mesquita. Peregrinos são atormentados e impedidos no acesso á Terra Santa.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O Oeste deve marchar para defender o Leste. Todos, ricos e pobres. Os Francos devem parar as suas guerras internas e brigas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Deus ele mesmo os liderá, para fazerem o Seu trabalho. Haverá absolvição e remissão dos pecados para todos os que morrerem em serviço de Cristo. Aqui são pobres e miseráveis pecadores; lá serão ricos e felizes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Não hesitem; devem marchar no próximo verão. Deus assim o deseja!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Deus Vult! venha o choro da batalha das Crusadas.&quot;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Urbano II&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; color: rgb(51, 102, 102);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 153);&quot;&gt;Extraído de http://www.enciclopedia.com.pt/articles.php?article_id=40&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ó Deus, os pagãos invadiram a tua terra, profanaram o teu Santo Templo, reduziram&lt;br /&gt;Jerusalém a um montão de ruínas.&lt;br /&gt;Lançaram os cadáveres de teus servos para alimento dos abutres, e os corpos dos&lt;br /&gt;teus fiéis aos animais selvagens.&lt;br /&gt;Derramaram sangue como água por toda a cidade de Jerusalém e ninguém lhes pode&lt;br /&gt;dar sepultura.&lt;br /&gt;Tornamo-nos objeto de mofa para as nações vizinhas, de risota e escárnio para quem&lt;br /&gt;nos rodeia.&lt;br /&gt;Até quando, Senhor, continuarás indignado? Até quando durará o fogo abrasador do&lt;br /&gt;teu ciúme?&lt;br /&gt;Não nos faça pagar pelas faltas de nossos antepassados; venha quanto antes sobre&lt;br /&gt;nós a tua misericórdia, porque chegamos ao limite de nossas forças!&lt;br /&gt;Socorre-nos, ó Deus, nosso Salvador, para a glória do teu nome! Livra-nos e perdoanos,&lt;br /&gt;pela tua honra e bom nome!&lt;br /&gt;Porque hão de perguntar os pagãos: “Onde está o Deus deles?”&lt;br /&gt;Mostra a essa gente, diante dos nossos olhos, que o sangue dos teus servos não fica&lt;br /&gt;sem vingança!&lt;br /&gt;Cheguem aos teus ouvidos os gemidos dos cativos! Com teu poder sem limites,&lt;br /&gt;salva a vida dos que estão condenados à morte!&lt;br /&gt;E nós, teu povo e ovelhas do teu rebanho, glorificar-te-emos para sempre, e&lt;br /&gt;cantaremos os teus louvores por todos os séculos&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Oração pelas cruzadas, IV Concílio de Latrão&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzDmSTgQylEWlVp_iv0ancBMyte0suaWAGyHW8qZKyjc7AQtX5E1bB5VdHR_kZFtLZH6aeOcZ2FLWgY-RGOjI3VzlBfLh6NvmmRE_wxXhaxEdsCZnmYN6aIVw_HYzJLXZ5X-TftLp2JRA/s1600/Sao+Bernardo+de+Claraval%252C+Reno+superior%252C+1450.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 211px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzDmSTgQylEWlVp_iv0ancBMyte0suaWAGyHW8qZKyjc7AQtX5E1bB5VdHR_kZFtLZH6aeOcZ2FLWgY-RGOjI3VzlBfLh6NvmmRE_wxXhaxEdsCZnmYN6aIVw_HYzJLXZ5X-TftLp2JRA/s320/Sao+Bernardo+de+Claraval%252C+Reno+superior%252C+1450.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5569575112407161586&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Sao Bernardo de Claraval, Reno superior, 1450&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O que estais fazendo, homens corajosos? O que estais fazendo, servos da cruz?&lt;br /&gt;Quereis entregar o santuário aos cães e as pérolas aos porcos? Quantos pecadores lá&lt;br /&gt;confessaram, com lágrimas, os seus pecados e conseguiram o perdão, desde que a&lt;br /&gt;espada dos pais jogou fora a imundície dos pagãos? O maligno o vê com maus&lt;br /&gt;olhos, range os dentes e empalidece; mexe os arsenais de sua milícia e não permitirá&lt;br /&gt;que fiquem sinais ou vestígios de piedade, se ele jamais – o que Deus não permita –&lt;br /&gt;ficar tão forte, de conquistar aquele espaço santíssimo. Para todos os tempos futuros&lt;br /&gt;seria uma dor incurável e um prejuízo insubstituível. Para essa geração, porém, tão&lt;br /&gt;ímpia, seria uma vergonha imensa e uma censura perpétua.&lt;br /&gt;Porque o vosso país é fértil em homens corajosos e fortes pelo vigor da juventude,&lt;br /&gt;pois por todo mundo corre o vosso louvor, e a glória de vosso heroísmo enche toda a&lt;br /&gt;terra. Sede, pois, varonis e pegai em armas felizes, zelando pelo nome de Cristo.&lt;br /&gt;Termine aquele costume de cavaleiros, ou melhor, aquele abuso de cavaleiros de&lt;br /&gt;antigamente, segundo o qual costumáveis lançar por terra, espezinhar e matar um ao&lt;br /&gt;outro. Que prazer cruel impele os desgraçados para que transpassem, com espada, o&lt;br /&gt;corpo do seu próximo, lançando, talvez, a sua alma à perdição! Mas também o vencedor não escapa, quando se alegra com a matança de um inimigo. É insensatez,&lt;br /&gt;não coragem, entregar-se a tal injustiça; deve ser atribuída não à animosidade, mas à&lt;br /&gt;insanidade.&lt;br /&gt;Tu, cavaleiro corajoso, tu, homem de guerra, agora tens uma luta sem perigo, onde a&lt;br /&gt;vitória traz glória, e a morte é lucro. Se és um comerciante previdente, um homem&lt;br /&gt;que quer obter vantagens neste mundo, eu te anuncio um grande comércio; toma&lt;br /&gt;cuidado para não perdê-lo. Aceite o sinal da Cruz, e de tudo que, arrependido,&lt;br /&gt;confessares, alcançarás a indulgência total. A mercadoria é barata; e pagando&lt;br /&gt;piedosamente por ela, sem dúvida vale o Reino de Deus.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Homilia de São Bernardo de Claraval &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Assim, eu repito, o cavaleiro de Cristo dá à morte toda segurança e a recebe com&lt;br /&gt;mais segurança ainda. Se ele morre é para o seu bem, se ele mata é para o Cristo.&lt;br /&gt;Não é sem motivo, com efeito, que ele porta a espada: ele é um servo de Deus para&lt;br /&gt;castigar aqueles que fazem o mal e felicitar aqueles que fazem o bem.&lt;br /&gt;Matando um malfeitor, ele não se comporta como um homicida, mas, se ousa dizer,&lt;br /&gt;um “malecida”. Ele é escolhido para “justiceiro de Cristo em consideração aos que&lt;br /&gt;fazem o mal”, e para defensor dos cristãos. Chega mesmo a se matar: sabe-se bem&lt;br /&gt;que nisso não está sua perda, mas que ele atingiu o objetivo. A morte que ele&lt;br /&gt;infringe é um ganho para Cristo e, aquela que ele recebe é um ganho para ele&lt;br /&gt;mesmo. Na morte do pagão o cristão se glorifica, pois é o Cristo que, por ela, é&lt;br /&gt;glorificado. Na morte do cristão a generosidade do Rei se manifesta, porque o&lt;br /&gt;cavaleiro morre para receber a recompensa. Da morte do pagão “o justo se alegrará&lt;br /&gt;vendo a revanche”. E a morte do cristão fará dizer: “há um prêmio para o justo?&lt;br /&gt;Sim, ele é um Deus que julga os homens sobre a terra”&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;São Bernardo de Clairvaux, Elogio a Nova Milícia &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);&quot;&gt;Textos extraídos de http://www.bdtd.ufjf.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=285&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/1278634980340270732'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/1278634980340270732'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/02/cruzadas-pregacao.html' title='Cruzadas - Pregação'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7CxAuiI0WzIgU9v9aGKT_1OYTeWTl6FtioEaH0p2FDfKQnNZ0H6F8-FKEkgf3jGCHGNngK_uxc0qvfP7IgefauP7cl8L2sq-hFuKryb2-t0BJkH3ZXaKVft0ItBDSGcn3dvl_iVT1Y24/s72-c/urbano_ii.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-8731449787225653491</id><published>2011-01-31T14:07:00.004-03:00</published><updated>2011-01-31T14:14:10.534-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Exorcismo"/><title type='text'>Habla un exorcista (Um exorcista conta-nos) - Padre Gabriele Amorth</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqEtAq_hGVA2n_4OwEdXaarjdah7d30gGPY67eSb5hNmBP1kRBlfew_ZZyKolU_Pi04Uux86T9-aGqvOkf2H6_PSPxK5P9AJBnuRgo8o64uikTp7Lsk-DiI2InBjVqjsQHqIs91PjKk-A/s1600/amorth1.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 182px; height: 206px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqEtAq_hGVA2n_4OwEdXaarjdah7d30gGPY67eSb5hNmBP1kRBlfew_ZZyKolU_Pi04Uux86T9-aGqvOkf2H6_PSPxK5P9AJBnuRgo8o64uikTp7Lsk-DiI2InBjVqjsQHqIs91PjKk-A/s320/amorth1.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5568398374760138642&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Padre Gabriele Amorth, exorcista da diocese de Roma&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Downloand &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot; href=&quot;http://www.4shared.com/document/qKPabtwT/Habla_un_exorcista__Um_exorcis.html&quot;&gt;http://www.4shared.com/document/qKPabtwT/Habla_un_exorcista__Um_exorcis.html&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirKDcVXMK8NUiL1dQQ0WneOqIxlplDwnW7bHor9zNehKXn_JN7X6DxFVztCWB8gVuqTBv7q9t-qL14va8r80QVD2RrfNfhIfODTO3tJs6c255Ew63nzj8WJB4Ex-WWjHVZLOR7PeiOBeQ/s1600/Habla_un_exorcista_-_Gabriele_Amorth.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 196px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirKDcVXMK8NUiL1dQQ0WneOqIxlplDwnW7bHor9zNehKXn_JN7X6DxFVztCWB8gVuqTBv7q9t-qL14va8r80QVD2RrfNfhIfODTO3tJs6c255Ew63nzj8WJB4Ex-WWjHVZLOR7PeiOBeQ/s320/Habla_un_exorcista_-_Gabriele_Amorth.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5568398154248064690&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/8731449787225653491'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/8731449787225653491'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/01/habla-un-exorcista-um-exorcista-conta.html' title='Habla un exorcista (Um exorcista conta-nos) - Padre Gabriele Amorth'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqEtAq_hGVA2n_4OwEdXaarjdah7d30gGPY67eSb5hNmBP1kRBlfew_ZZyKolU_Pi04Uux86T9-aGqvOkf2H6_PSPxK5P9AJBnuRgo8o64uikTp7Lsk-DiI2InBjVqjsQHqIs91PjKk-A/s72-c/amorth1.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-534306265589417503</id><published>2011-01-29T12:16:00.003-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-20T18:45:05.367-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="A moralidade das atividades perigosas"/><title type='text'>A moralidade das atividades perigosas</title><content type='html'>&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: center; color: rgb(102, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;Por Rafael Vitola Brodbeck &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;h3 style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:85%;&quot;&gt;Publicado em 29/11/2004 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Questionam  alguns fiéis acerca da licitude moral da prática de certas atividades  que envolvam risco de vida. De fato, o V Mandamento do Decálogo, ao  proibir o assassinato, estabelece também deveres de salvaguarda para com  a própria vida. São esses, aliás, que fundamentam a legítima defesa,  inclusive armada, contra a injusta agressão, ainda que cause a morte dos  malfeitores (cf. &lt;em&gt;Catecismo da Igreja Católica&lt;/em&gt;, 2263-2267; Santo Tomás de Aquino. S. Th., II-II, q. 64, a. 7; Sua Santidade, o Papa João Paulo II. &lt;em&gt;Encíclica &lt;/em&gt;Evangelium Vitae, 56; ARRIGHI, A. &lt;em&gt;Não matar&lt;/em&gt;, Pádua, 1946).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Enquadram-se  no rol das ações perigosas determinadas práticas desportivas - luta,  boxe, alpinismo, rapel, automobilismo -, algumas artes circenses - doma  de feras, acrobacia, trapézio -, e mesmo atividades de lazer - caminhada  no mato, acampamento em local ermo, banho de mar um pouco afastado da  praia ou sob &quot;bandeira vermelho&quot;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;A  pergunta pode ser assim reproduzia: é imoral lutar boxe, praticar  rapel, domar leões, fazer acrobacias, escalar montanhas? Ou: peca-se  contra o V Mandamento desenvolvendo-se tais atividades perigosas?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Para  bem responder a instigante questão, devemos preliminarmente expor  algumas noções fundamentais implicadas com a ordem divina de não matar  (cf. Êx 20,13).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;O  mandamento implica em dois tipos de cuidados, uns para com a vida do  próximo, outros para com a própria vida. Este segundo grupo é o que nos  interessa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Dentre  os cuidados com a vida, tanto a nossa - objeto do presente estudo -  quanto a do próximo, há uma série de deveres elencados pelos moralistas:  a) positivos: usar dos meios aptos para a preservação da vida; b)  negativos: evitar os meios que ordinariamente causem a morte própria ou  de outrem (cf. BAYET, A. &lt;em&gt;O suicida e a moral&lt;/em&gt;, Paris, 1922; ODDONE, A. &lt;em&gt;O respeito à vida&lt;/em&gt;, in &quot;Civiltà Cattolica&quot;, nº 97, III, 1947, pp. 289-299; DEL GRECO, Fr. Teodoro da Torre, OFMCap. &lt;em&gt;Teologia Moral&lt;/em&gt;, São Paulo: Paulinas, 1959, pp. 228-244).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;De  início podemos afirmar que o ninguém é autorizado a atentar contra a  próproa vida, donde a proibição do suicídio direto. Já em relação ao  suicídio indireto, este é, em geral, proibido, mas pode ser permitido  ocorrendo razão grave. &lt;em&gt;&quot;Mata indiretamente a si mesmo quem,  conscientemente, pratica uma ação que visa a um efeito bom, compreendido  o desejado, capaz, porém de também causar a morte. Neste caso, o efeito  bom compensa o mau. É lícito atirar-se da janela paa fugir a um  incêndio; para fugir do violador do próprio pudor; para evitar o  cárcere, etc. É lícito, na guerra, fazer saltar um depósito de pólvora,  uma fortaleza, uma nave etc, mesmo com perigo certo da própria vida. É  lícito, por caridade ou por profissão, servir os pestilentos, os  leprosos ou outros doentes infecciosos.&quot; (DEL GRECO, Fr. Teodoro da  Torre, OFMCap. op. cit., p. 229)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Também é proibido a abreviação da própria vida por vários anos, salvo &lt;em&gt;&quot;por uma necessidade moral ou pelo exercício da virtude.&quot; (DEL GRECO, Fr. Teodoro da Torre, OFMCap. op. cit., p. 229)&lt;/em&gt;  - exemplo de necessidade moral: ganho honesto que faça um ferreiro  estar em contato contínuo com o fogo ou um químico com produtos tóxicos;  exemplo de exercício da virtude: mortificação do próprio corpo  com jejuns, penitências, disciplinas. Claro que a necessidade moral será  aferida caso a caso, e a virtude deve ser exercitada com o auxílio de  um diretor espiritual, para não ocorrer excessos - que podem, aliás, ser  pecado de soberba, orgulho espiritual: &quot;vejam como sou santo, como  jejuo, como etc.&quot; Se não existe perigo próximo de morte, também o  consumir bebidas alcoólicas e o fumar tabaco não constituem pecado, a  não ser que o uso seja excessivo, quando será pecado venial (cf.  GENICOT-SALSMANS, Pe. J., SJ. Institutiones Theologiae Moralis&lt;em&gt;, vol. I&lt;/em&gt;,  Bruxelas, 1951, p. 363) - havendo perigo próximo de morte, o pecado é  mortal; o uso de drogas para fins recreativos, i.e., não necessários,  pode ser pecado grave ou venial, havendo, no primeiro caso, perigo  próximo de morte, e, no segundo, excesso sem o tal perigo próximo. Como o  consumo social de álcool ou tabaco, ordinariamente, constituem, no  máximo, perigo remoto de morte, não há pecado - evidentemente, se houve  excesso, há pecado, e, com o perigo próximo, este é agravado (cf. &lt;em&gt;Catecismo da Igreja Católica&lt;/em&gt;,  2990). Consumir maconha ou cocaína, por outro lado, é pecado quando  feito fora de uso terapêutico ou necessário, por constituir-se perigo  próximo e não remoto de morte (cf. &lt;em&gt;Catecismo da Igreja Católica&lt;/em&gt;, 2991).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;A mutilação é pecado grave, &lt;em&gt;&quot;desde que não se pratique com a finalidade de conservar a vida.&quot;&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;(DEL GRECO, Fr. Teodoro da Torre, OFMCap. op. cit., p. 230)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;O desejo de morrer, outrossim, é lícito, desde que haja causa justa, &lt;em&gt;v.g.&lt;/em&gt;,  o gôzo de Deus, a contemplação da bem-aventurança eterna, ser libertado  de uma enfermidade longa e sofrida, e quem o desejo submeta-se à  vontade divina.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Também, pelo V Mandamento do Decálogo, deve o homem conservar a &lt;em&gt;&quot;própria vida e a saúde, usando de todos os meios ordinários.&quot; (DEL GRECO, Fr. Teodoro da Torre, OFMCap. op. cit., p. 231) &lt;/em&gt;Daí  a proibição da eutanásia passiva (a eutanásia ativa é proibida pelos  deveres para com a vida alheia), mas não da ortotanásia: &lt;em&gt;&quot;A  interrupção de procedimentos médicos onerosos, perigosos,  extraordinários ou desproporcionais aos resultados esperados pode ser  legítima. É a rejeição da &#39;obstinação terapêutica&#39;. Não se quer dessa  maneira provocar a morte; aceita-se não poder impedi-la.&quot; (&lt;/em&gt;Catecismo da Igreja Católica&lt;em&gt;, 2278)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Enfim,  e aqui o objeto próprio de nosso articulado, proíbe-se a exposição  temerária ao perigo de morte. Analisemos alguns conceitos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Exposição  temerária é colocar-se frente ao perigo sem a tomada das devidas  cautelas. Desse modo, sabendo-se que uma determinada atividade  representa um perigo à própria vida - não uma certeza, pelo que seria  imoral, mas um perigo, o que motiva nosso debate -, é necessária a  adoção de medidas assecuratórias normais. Não se requer o uso de medidas  extraordinárias, bastando a adesão à regulamentação da atividade, o  conhecimento prévio do perigo, a habilidade e a destreza (exigidas nas  ações mais perigosas, e que tornem o risco remotíssimo quando se tem fim  de lucro), e a utilização de adequado equipamento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Expor-se  ao perigo de morte, usando das cautelas acima referidas, não é pecado  se o fim é bom. Assim, quem faz rapel movido pelo desejo de uma justa  diversão ou para admirar a criação de Deus e estar em contato mais  íntimo com a natureza; quem pratica acrobacias no circo para emocionar a  platéia com a bekeza de sua arte, e desde que o lucro não seja o fim  exclusivo; etc, não pratica pecado, usando das medidas normais de  segurança. O risco assumido não é imoral, nesses casos, havendo quem o  assume pelo exercício da atividade perigosa tomado &lt;em&gt;&quot;todas as  providências tendentes a evitar ou minimizar as possibilidades de dano  (...).&quot; (GAGLIANO, Pablo Stolze; PAMPLONA FILHO, Rodolfo.&lt;/em&gt; Novo Curso de Direito Civil, vol. 1&lt;em&gt;, 3ª ed., São Paulo: Saraiva, 2003, p. 164)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;em&gt;                                                                     &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Objetarão  alguns que os fins não justificam os meios. A expressão, todavia, deve  ser melhor formulada: os fins não justificam os meios maus. Porém,  quando os meios são neutros, i.e., nem bons nem maus em si mesmos, os  fins bons estão plenamente justificados.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Ora,  os fins de contemplar a natureza, divertir-se moderadamente, descansar  etc são bons, e assumir um risco de morte é um meio neutro. Pode-se,  logo, desenvolver atividades perigosas à própria vida, presente o fim  bom e ausente algo que transforme o meio, em si neutro, em coisa má (por  exemplo, não usar equipamento adequado).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;Tomando  as devidas cautelas (o que mantém  o meio neutro, sem torná-lo mau) e  com um fim bom, a prática de atividades que envolvam perigo para a  própria vida é moralmente lícita, não constituindo pecado contra o V  Mandamento.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:vitola@hsjonline.com&quot;&gt;vitola@hsjonline.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div align=&quot;justify&quot;&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Verdana;font-size:85%;&quot;  &gt;&lt;a href=&quot;mailto:rafavitola@veritatis.com.br&quot;&gt;rafavitola@veritatis.com.br&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr /&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Este artigo foi publicado durante a primeira fase do Apostolado Veritatis Splendor. Conheça o site novo  &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.veritatis.com.br/&quot;&gt;aqui&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/534306265589417503'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/534306265589417503'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/01/moralidade-das-atividades-perigosas.html' title='A moralidade das atividades perigosas'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-3256209920329043629</id><published>2011-01-29T12:07:00.003-03:00</published><updated>2011-04-21T15:58:00.152-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Politicamente Incorreto"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Touradas - provas campeiras - rodeio… Moralidade e reflexões sobre seus valores e virtudes"/><title type='text'>Touradas, provas campeiras, rodeio… Moralidade e reflexões sobre seus valores e virtudes</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Por Rafael Vitola Brodbeck&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fonte: &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.veritatis.com.br/index.php/2009/11/04/touradas-provas-campeiras-rodeio-moralidade-e-reflexoes-sobre-seus-valores-e-virtudes/index.html&quot;&gt;Blog Veritatis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;entry clear&quot;&gt;     &lt;p&gt;Esse modo de lidar com os animais não é, de per si, cruel. Pode  haver um ou outro que o sejam, ou mesmo a maioria, mas não a crueldade  não é ontológica. Só nos chocamos, por vezes, porque estamos acostumados  com o politicamente correto, o pensamento dominante que iguala homens e  bichos, e às vezes nem nos damos por conta.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Aqui no RS, as provas campeiras imitam a lida de campo, a faina. E  esta imita a guerra. O gaúcho é belicoso, militaresco por natureza, dado  que nasceu peleando pela consolidação da fronteira. Nas provas, essa  belicosidade é simbolizada. E muitos valores existem nelas: o  companheirismo entre a peonada, a hierarquia (patrão, capataz, peão), a  paternidade dos superiores, a humildade, a diferença entre homens e  animais, o reconhecimento dos perigos da vida, o culto às tradições, a  coragem (essa virtude tão esquecida em nossos tempos de amor à  covardia), a disciplina, a laboriosidade, a vida em família, a técnica, a  sabedoria transmitida de geração em geração (como encilhar um cavalo,  como domar um potro, como laçar, e a profundida filosófica desses atos  cotidianos), tudo isso é carregado de um simbolismo muito profundo que  nos remete à Civilização Cristã. A prova campeira, no RS, é uma herança  espanhola, um vínculo profundíssimo com a Idade Média.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Buscar a crueldade com os animais por si só é errado, mas aceitá-la,  apenas, como parte de algo maior, como consequência, não é errado, nem  imoral. Podem alguns não gostarem, mas não é certo envolver a moral  católica nisso. É como a história do cigarro: não gosta, ok, mas não me  venham dizer que é pecado, porque não é.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;A caça à raposa é uma tradição igualmente cheia de significados: o  esmero, o cavalheirismo, a cortesia, a delicadeza nos detalhes, a  preparação, a disciplina, a distinção entre homem e animal, e,  aparentemente paradoxal, a confiança entre homem e animal (seu  cachorro), a técnica tradicional, tudo isso é uma gama de valores  humanos que formam o ethos cultural que não se pode desprezar. Fazê-lo  seria aderir ao positivismo comteano.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;De outra sorte, não acho que se deva dissociar fé e rodeio. A simples  presença de Nossa Senhora em tais eventos é um sinal da religiosidade,  ainda que cultural, no meio do povo simples. Não devemos dissociar, e  sim aproveitar o momento para colocarmos em ação técnicas de apostolado  que sejam mais eficazes. Os ginetes (no RS, peão é outra coisa) fazem  tanta questão da imagem da Aparecida: prova de que, pelo menos  culturalmente, o sagrado ainda se faz presente, e, mais ainda, nítido  símbolo de que as tais provas são plenamente compatíveis com a  Civilização Cristã.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;blockquote style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;“De las corridas de Toros&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;P. ¿Las corridas de Toros como se usan en España son prohibidas por  derecho natural? R. Que no lo son; porque según en nuestra España se  acostumbran, rara vez acontece morir alguno, por las precauciones que se  toman para evitar este daño, y si alguna vez sucede es per accidens. No  obstante el que careciendo de la destreza española y sin la agilidad, e  instrucción de los que se ejercitan en este arte, se arrojare con  demasiada audacia a torear, pecará gravemente, por el peligro de muerte a  que se expone.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;P. ¿Están prohibidas las corridas de Toros por derecho eclesiástico?  R. Que aunque Pío V prohibió las corridas de Toros con penas gravísimas,  las permitieron después para los seglares Gregorio XIII, y Clemente  VIII, quitando las penas impuestas por aquel Sumo Pontífice, pero  mandando fuesen con estas dos condiciones; es a saber, que no se  tuviesen en día festivo, y que se [432] tomasen por aquellos a quienes  incumbe, todas las precauciones necesarias, para que no sucediese alguna  muerte. Por lo que con estas dos condiciones son en España lícitas para  los seglares las corridas de Toros. A los Clérigos, aunque se les  prohiba el torear, no se les prohibe la asistencia a las corridas. Con  todo les amonesta su Santidad se abstengan de tales espectáculos,  teniendo presente su dignidad y oficio para no ejecutar cosa indigna de  aquella, y de éste.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;P. ¿Pecan gravemente los regulares que asisten a la corrida de Toros?  R. Que sí; porque obran en materia grave contra el precepto impuesto  por Pío V. Los Caballeros de los Ordenes Militares no son comprehendidos  en este precepto por no ser verdaderos religiosos, y así quedan  excluidos por Clemente VIII. La excomunión impuesta contra los regulares  que asisten a dichas corridas, según la opinión más probable, sólo es  ferenda.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;P. ¿Está prohibida a los regulares la asistencia a las corridas de  novillos? R. Que no; porque sólo se les prohibe la asistencia a las de  Toros, y por este nombre no se entienden los novillos; y también porque  en la corrida de éstos el peligro de muerte es muy remoto. Mas no  pecarán los regulares si vieren torear desde las ventanas de sus casas; o  de otra parte pasando por ella casualmente; pues esto no es asistir a  la corrida. Pecarán, por el contrario, si asisten desde alguna ventana  del circo aunque sea entre celosías, y no haya peligro de muerte; porque  siendo la prohibición absoluta, debe absolutamente observarse.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;color: rgb(153, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;P. ¿Son lícitas fuera de España las corridas de Toros? R. Que no; lo  uno porque la moderación hecha por Gregorio XIII, y Clemente VIII, sólo  habla con los seculares y clérigos existentes en España. Lo otro, porque  los de otras naciones, o ya sea por no tener la agilidad de los  Españoles, o por no ser tan diestros en este ejercicio están expuestos  al peligro a que no están estos. Como quiera que sea, la prohibición de  Pío V debe regir fuera de España.”&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;(Marcos de Santa Teresa. Compendio Moral Salmaticense, según la mente  del Angélico Doctor; Pamplona: Imprenta de José de Rada, 1805, Tratado  diez y seis. Del quinto precepto del Decálogo, Capítulo único. Del  homicidio. Punto once) &lt;/p&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;Vê-se que:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1.&lt;/strong&gt; As touradas não são proibidas por direito natural. Logo, não são pecado, por si.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2.&lt;/strong&gt; A única proibição às touradas é de direito  eclesiástico, e para os clérigos. A razão dessa proibição está no tipo  popularesco de espetáculo e no ambiente pouco propício a sacerdotes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3.&lt;/strong&gt; A análise da moralidade das touradas NÃO se dá  pela “crueldade” aos animais, e sim pela potencialidade de risco ao ser  humano (é com o toureiro, não com o touro, que se importa a moral).  Mesmo que proibida fosse, então, a razão não seria pela pretensa  crueldade.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4.&lt;/strong&gt; O comentário acima vale para outras provas semelhantes.&lt;/p&gt;                    &lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3256209920329043629'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/3256209920329043629'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/01/touradas-provas-campeiras-rodeio.html' title='Touradas, provas campeiras, rodeio… Moralidade e reflexões sobre seus valores e virtudes'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7331546899908515253.post-4648472971453367862</id><published>2011-01-13T03:07:00.006-03:00</published><updated>2011-01-21T05:43:44.891-03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Santos"/><title type='text'>Santa Joana D&#39;Arc</title><content type='html'>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center; font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;;font-family:Times New Roman,Times,serif;font-size:180%;&quot;  &gt;Santa    Joana D’Arc &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 153);&quot;&gt;Autor: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 153);&quot;&gt;D. Estevão Bettencourt &lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 153);&quot;&gt;   Fonte: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 153);&quot; href=&quot;http://www.cleofas.com.br/&quot;&gt;Site Cleofas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p align=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(0, 0, 255);&quot;&gt;&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLUnm_CF_G0Amu1iSMpvdkVReLEJqSS3MQy9yDg7s_NY7SxEqT5EZJ0HXcSQ3ZCwYUrw1kQRl-i3lGsc7MmgcaBCcthbRAPtku_anTHVNSiWKe3T-E5iLz9wnbMR1RKd8mhO6giZagK0/s1600/Santa+Joana+d%2527Arco%252C+catedral+de+Reims.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;display: block; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 205px; height: 320px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLUnm_CF_G0Amu1iSMpvdkVReLEJqSS3MQy9yDg7s_NY7SxEqT5EZJ0HXcSQ3ZCwYUrw1kQRl-i3lGsc7MmgcaBCcthbRAPtku_anTHVNSiWKe3T-E5iLz9wnbMR1RKd8mhO6giZagK0/s320/Santa+Joana+d%2527Arco%252C+catedral+de+Reims.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5561557796021818562&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Santa Joana D’Arc &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;D. Estevão Bettencourt &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;A figura de Joana d.arc &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Os precedentes &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;O cenário histórico em que aparece Joana d’Arc, é    o da guerra dita “dos Cem Anos” (1337´1453) entre a França    e a lnglaterra. Em 1415 Henrique V da lnglaterra invadiu a França com    o intuito de derrubar o rei Carlos VI. Os invasores encontraram apoio da parte    da Borgonha, cujo duque Filipe o Bom reconheceu Henrique V da Inglaterra como    legítimo soberano da França; ao mesmo tempo, Carlos VI, cuja saúde    mental estava abalada, deserdou seu filho e nomeou o monarca inglês herdeiro    e regente do país.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Em 1422, morreram Henrique V e Carlos VI. o filho    deste, Carlos VII fez´se coroar em Poitiers, e estabeleceu sua corte em    Bourges, enquanto os ingleses caminhavam em território francês    e assediavam a cidade de Orleães. Carlos VII era figura fraca, que nada    fazia para deter os invasores, mas, ao contrário, permitia que homens    ineptos e gozadores dirigissem o seu povo. Foi então que entrou em ação    uma jovem de 17 anos, que prometia salvar a França.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;lntervenção de Joana &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Joana nasceu em Domrémy, de família camponesa, aos 6 de janeiro    de 1412. Não aprendeu a ler e escrever, mas possuia profundo senso religioso.    Aos 13 anos de idade, começou a ouvir certas vozes, que ela identificou    com as de S. Miguel Arcanjo, S. Catarina de Alexandria e S. Margarida de Antioquia,    virgem e mártir; exortavam´na a ir socorrer a França.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A    este propósito já se põe uma questão debatida: as    revelações que Joana anunciava e que se repetiram até a    sua morte, não terão sido mero fenômeno de alucinação?    ´ Note´se que a alucinação significa um estado patológico,    fonte de falsos juízos e de comportamento moral descontrolado. Ora em    toda a conduta de Joana d’Arc não há vestígios de    prostração física nem de aberração intelectual    ou de incoerência de dizeres e atitudes; ao contrário, clarividência    e firmeza notáveis se manifestaram. Torna´se, por conseguinte,    difícil, se não ilógico, sustentar a tese das “alucinações”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Somente três anos mais tarde, em 1428, a jovem resolveu atender aos apelos    celestes. Um tio levou´a então à presença do capitão    Robert de Baudricourt, delegado do rei em Vancouleurs. Vendo´a, o oficial    desprezou´a, devolvendo´a a seu pai; este ameaçou afogá´la.    Joana voltou a procurar o capitão, impressionando´o por sua energia.    Roberto mandou´a ter com o rei Carlos VII, acompanhada por uma escolta    de seis homens, que deviam defendê´la na caminhada por estradas    perigosas.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A donzela pediu e obteve também um cavalo e trajes masculinos    (mais adaptados à missão militar que ela empreendia). Chegando    em Chinon aos 6 de março de 1429, Joana identificou o rei dissimulado    entre os seus cortesãos. Logo lhe pediu soldados para ir levantar o cerco    de Orleães.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Todavia aquela jovem de 17 anos, vestida de trajes masculinos,    não inspirava confiança. Tendo insistido, Joana foi submetida    a interrogatórios e exames sobre a fé e a moral pelo espaço    de três semanas; já que o laudo resultou favorável, Carlos    VII reconheceu o possível valor do empreendimento de Joana. A situação    para a França era tão grave que somente uma intervenção    do céu poderia salvar a nação.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;O rei concedeu´lhe    então um pequeno batalhão destinado a ir socorrer a sitiada cidade    de Orleães, que estava para cair. Joana não combateria, mas estimularia    os guerreiros, empunhando um estandarte branco, sobre o qual estava a figura    de Cristo entre dois anjos. Finalmente, aos 8 de maio de 1429 os ingleses muito    imprevistamente levantaram o cerco de Orleães, dando entrada na cidade    a Joana d’Arc e sua tropa. Assim vitoriosa, a jovem quis levar Carlos VII    a Reims para que recebesse a sagração régia ´ o que    se deu a 17 de julho de 1429. Ao lado do monarca, a benemérita heroína    Ihe disse então: “Gentil roi, maintenant est faict le plaisir de    Dieu... Gentil rei, agora está feito o prazer de Deus”.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Joana dava    por finda a sua missão, quando o rei Ihe pediu continuasse a guerra.    A donzela, dócil, muito se empenhou pela reconquista de Paris, mas aos    23 de maio de 1430, perto de Compiégne, foi presa pelos burgúndios,    aliados dos ingleses. Estes a compraram pelo preço de 10.000 francos´ouro,    e a levaram para Ruão, onde Joana deveria ser julgada. Aos ingleses interessava    não apenas manter a donzela encarcerada, mas também destruir o    seu prestígio aos olhos do público. ´ Este plano haveria    de ser executado mediante pretextos religiosos que, para os homens da época,    eram os mais persuasivos.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Mentalidade do século XV &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Não se poderiam entender adequadamente o processo e as maquinações    empreendidos contra Joana d’Arc se não se levasse em conta a mentalidade    de ingleses e franceses da época:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;a) Joana dera à sua missão militar um caráter religioso,    dizendo que Deus queria por seu intermédio libertar a França.    ´ Por conseguinte, os inimigos, para desprestigiá´la, tentariam    demonstrar que Joana de modo nenhum podia ser enviada de Deus, por estar sob    a influência do demônio, como herege, bruxa, impostora, etc. ´    Caso isto ficasse comprovado, também o rei Carlos VII perderia a sua    autoridade; seria evidente que se aliara a uma filha de Satanás, por    obra da qual havia sido sagrado. Os franceses poderiam então perder a    esperança de obter a vitória final.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;b) A mentalidade popular da época era levada a crer que vitória    obtida em guerra era sinal de que Deus apoiava o vencedor. Ora os ingleses haviam    conseguido um triunfo retumbante em Azincourt (1415), onde cinco mil guerreiros    tinham prostrado toda a cavalaria francesa, lutando um soldado contra seis cavaleiros.    Tão fulgurante vitória, pensava´se, só teria sido    alcançada com a colaboração do céu; donde podiam    muitos concluir que Joana contradizia ao curso dos acontecimentos sobre o qual    Deus já proferira o seu juízo.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;c) A própria conduta de Joana se prestava a deturpações...    As calamidades que assolavam a França havia cerca de 75 anos, excitavam    a imaginação popular, provocando o surto sucessivo de falsos taumaturgos    e visionários. Como naquela hora se distinguiria Joana de uma Catarina    de la Rochelle ou do pastor Guilherme de Gévaudan, comprovadas vítimas    da ilusão? ´ Além disto, o espírito medieval podia    facilmente escandalizar´se com a figura de uma jovem vestida de cavaleiro    a cavalgar junto com uma tropa de soldados; ora tal era o caso de Joana. Ninguém    concebia que uma virgem cristã se pudesse apresentar nesses termos. Compreende´se    então que muitos dos contemporâneos da heroína se tenham    podido iludir a seu respeito.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;d) Será preciso levar em conta também a colaboração    da Universidade de Paris, setor de grande autoridade, que os ingleses ganharam    para a sua causa. O espírito que então animava os professores    dessa instituição, não era muito sadio. Tendiam a considerar´se    os luzeiros da S. Igreja; os mais moderados entre eles ficavam céticos    ao ouvir falar de Joana; muitos, porém, Ihe eram energicamente contrários.    A pobre camponesa, com seus poucos anos de idade, deixava´se guiar por    pretensas visões mais do que pelas idéias dos professores; queira    passar por mais perita do que os capitães do exército, sem pedir    vênia nem autorização aos doutos lentes!&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;À luz destas características da mentalidade da época,    analisemos agora.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;O desfecho da história de Joana&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Os ingleses, tendo que apelar para motivos religiosos na sua ação    contra a jovem guerreira, encontraram apoio valioso na pessoa do bispo de Beauvais,    Pierre Cauchon, todo devotado à causa dos invasores e, por isto, refugiado    em Ruão, território possuído pelos ingleses.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Não    foi difícil encontrar pretexto para se iniciar um processo contra Joana:    as suas apregoadas mensagens celestiais forneciam fundamento a acusações    de bruxaria e heresia! Cauchon foi constituído presidente do respectivo    tribunal. Para dar ao júri o aspecto e a autoridade de tribunal da Inquisição    (tribunal oficial da S. Igreja!), chamaram a participar da mesa o Vice´inquisidor    de Ruão, Jean Lemaitre. Cauchon convidou ainda grande número de    assessores e jurados, aos quais o governo inglês fez saber que tinha meios    para os coagir, caso rejeitassem participar do processo; 113 juristas aceitaram    a intimação, dos quais 80 pertenciam à Universidade de    Paris.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; O júri era de todo ilegítimo, pois Cauchon não tinha    sobre Joana nem a autoridade de bispo diocesano nem a de legado pontifício.    A Santa Sé não fora em absoluto informada da constituição    de tal tribunal. Contudo o processo foi encaminhado. A jovem sofreu maus tratos    físicos e morais; submetida a interrogatórios capciosos, que visavam    a arrancar´lhe a confissão de heresia e superstição,    respondeu sempre com simplicidade e nobreza; chegou a apelar para o Santo Padre:    “Peço que me leveis à presença do Senhor nosso, o    Papa: diante dele responderei tudo o que tiver que responder Tudo que eu disse,    seja levado a Roma e entregue ao Sumo Pontífice, para o qual dirijo o    meu apelo!” Em vão, porém, apelou.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Finalmente, após    peripécias diversas, Joana foi fraudulentamente condenada qual herege,    relapsa, apóstata, idólatra. Entregue ao braço secular,    sofreu a morte pelas chamas aos 30 de maio de 1431, enquanto olhava para o Crucifixo    e orava. &lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bold;&quot;&gt;Na última manhã de sua vida, ainda dizia Joana a Cauchon:    &lt;span style=&quot;color: rgb(255, 0, 0);&quot;&gt;“Eu morro por causa de V.S.; se me tivésseis colocado nos cárceres    da Igreja.... isto não teria acontecido.”&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;A opinião pública    viu´se profundamente abalada pelo ocorrido. Apesar de todas as acusações,    a massa do povo ainda tinha Joana na conta de vítima da injustiça    de seus inimigos.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Conseqüentemente, pouco depois de entrar solenemente    em Ruão (dezembro de 1449), o rei Carlos VII deu início a uma    revisão do processo condenatório, revisão que terminou    favorável a jovem. Seguiu´se em 1445 o inquérito pontifício,    já que Joana fora abusivamente sentenciada em nome da Inquisição:    após numerosos interrogatórios, o arcebispo de Reims, aos 7 de    julho de 1456, perante numerosa assembléia de clérigos e leigos    em Ruão, publicou a conclusão do “processo do processo”,    reabilitando a memória da donzela.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;De modo oficial e solene, a Igreja    restaurou a memória de Joana d’Arc, reconhecendo´lhe os méritos    e a santidade em 1920. Por que tanto se fez esperar essa completa reabilitação?    Os tempos que se seguiram ao ano de 1456, foram de reação contra    o espírito e a vida da Idade Média: na época da Renascença    o adjetivo “gótico” vinha a ser sinônimo de “bárbaro”;    quebravam´se os vitrais das catedrais para substitui´los por vidraças    brancas; o famoso poeta Pierre de Ronsard (†1585), imitador dos clássicos    gregos e latinos, qualificava o período medieval de “séculos    grosseiros”; mais tarde, Voltaire (.†1778) e ainda Anatole France    († 1924) mostravam´se diretamente infensos à jovem guerreira    de Domrémy. Foi preciso que a opinião pública em geral    proferisse um juízo mais objetivo sobre a Idade Média para se    pensar em exaltar a figura tão caracteristicamente medieval de Joana    d’Arc.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Em conclusão: a condenação de Joana d’Arc    é fato histórico profundamente doloroso. Jamais, porém,    poderá ser considerado fora do contexto do séc. XV, que bem o    marca e ilumina. Trata´se de um processo inspirado por interesses políticos    e nacionais e justificado perante a opinião pública do séc.    XV mediante pretextos religiosos (pretextos que podiam impressionar naquela    época). Lamentavelmente houve prelados e clérigos que se prestaram    ao papel de juízes de Joana d’Arc. Não procederam, porém,    em nome da autoridade suprema da Igreja, mas, sim, por autoridade a eles conferida    pelo rei da Inglaterra. Entende´se, pois, que a S. lgreja, de maneira    oficial e solene, tenha procedido à reabilitação e canonização    de Joana d’Arc. &lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/4648472971453367862'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/7331546899908515253/posts/default/4648472971453367862'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://duglan.blogspot.com/2011/01/santa-joana-darc.html' title='Santa Joana D&#39;Arc'/><author><name>Duglan Pontes</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/11062566176824607787</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='32' height='32' src='//blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0Md1K88OHbLMe1W8MZxJRXR4aS8QueJ9z0_6PHi6l1EfHV7qm7RN33umKDQDQKS-x4TLPajXepR0Sf6jQnMiylgsx09vpg0wc_jfIQv19eBTMxuYPRZfwAhTnURjo-A/s113/duglan+bonbeiro.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLUnm_CF_G0Amu1iSMpvdkVReLEJqSS3MQy9yDg7s_NY7SxEqT5EZJ0HXcSQ3ZCwYUrw1kQRl-i3lGsc7MmgcaBCcthbRAPtku_anTHVNSiWKe3T-E5iLz9wnbMR1RKd8mhO6giZagK0/s72-c/Santa+Joana+d%2527Arco%252C+catedral+de+Reims.jpg" height="72" width="72"/></entry></feed>