ThE TeChNo FrEaKzzz!!

AAKASH 2 FINALLY MADE ITS WAY IN INDIAN MARKET!

2012-11-12T00:14:00.001+05:30

Aakash 2 is the latest version of Indian government Initiative aakash project which aims at providing tablet to every child of India. The tablet is named after Aakash which means sky or space in Hindi. The first phase suffers a huge setback of performance but the latest version is improved a lot. There is a detailed review of aakash 2. We had dissected almost every specification of the tablet in a detailed manner.

Hardware and Design of aakash 2 tablet

Aakash 2 tab is available in black color with boxy design. The weight of this tiny priced tablet is 350 grams. Its build solidly to cope with the frequent falls in the monsoon’s in the India. The dimension of Aakash 2 is 7.5 inch (190.5 mm) long 4.67 inch (118.5 mm) wide with a thickness of 0.62 inches (15.7 mm). The low weight and handy dimension of aakash makes it possible to carry in your pocket. Aakash has 2 USB ports for plug and play connectivity of external devices. You can use any 3G USB data card to connect to Internet or you can use your Pen Drive to transfer data from it. A video co-processor is added for better rendering of graphics on video playback. No SIM card is provided in aakash 2 but its present in its commercial version Ubisalte 7+. 35% of hardware components of tablet will be outsourced from South Korea, 16% from the USA, 16% from India, 25% from China and 8% from other countries.

Performance and Battery life of aakash 2 tablet

Aakash tablet 2 is powered by a solid ARM Cortex A8 700 MHz processor which delivers you about 1500 MHz if we are comparing it with ARM 11 processor which is present in BSNL tablet. Means it’s about 1.5 times faster than BSNL tablet even with lower configurations on paper. In the testing phase IIT Rajasthan released the specification of 1200 MHz processor and 1GB RAM in aakash 2 which was not feasible in this budget. RAM of aakash tablet 2 is 256 MB which lets you to execute most of the aaps function smoothly. The internal Memory of the tablet is 2GB flash storage and with a use of simple memory card (SD) card you can extend it up to 32GB. The battery life is also enhanced than and instead of 2100mAh battery of aakash 1 you will get 3200mAh battery in Aakash 2 tab which can runs for 3-4 hours smoothly without any power supply. Aakash 1 has suffered a problem of low memory and frequent system freeze which are worked upon this newer version and looks better than before.

Display, Sound and camera of Aakash 2 tab

Aakash tab 2 display is much better than the previous version. Unlike the resistive touch screen of previous version this version owns capacitive touch screen of 7” inches (18 cm). The resolution of the screen is 800×600 which are fine for small screen. The 7” inch (18cm) screen size is measured diagonally. The tablet consists of a built in microphone for voice recording and voice chat while using any voice chat android app. A 3.5 mm jack is provided with aakash 2 for the connectivity of external speakers to enjoy the music and you can also use the earphones that comes along with the tablet. A headset control is also present in aakash 2. A front end VGA camera is also present in aakash 2 tab commercial version Ubislate 7+ but not in aakash tab.

Software Specs of akash 2 tab

Aakash tablet 2 runs on the Android 2.3 platform also known as Gingerbread. Aakash tab supports (DOC, DOCX, PPT, PPTX, XLS, XLSX, ODT, ODP,PDF), image (PNG, JPG, BMP and GIF), audio (MP3, AAC, AC3, WAV, WMA) and video (MPEG2, MPEG4, AVI, FLV) file formats and also you can access youtube with aakash 2 via a inbuilt android app. A special browser is made or the tablet by Datawind to send the data in compress form to speed up the data streaming even at lower bandwidth. It is expected that normal data will transfer about 6 times faster in this browser than other browser due to the use of advance data compression technology of Datawind. When this data is combined with server side data compression you can get speed about 30 times faster than normal. The commercial version of aakash 2 (ubislate 7+) can connect to Google Android market place for downloading of aaps but nothing is said about the aakash2 tablet. But it can connect to the upcoming government apps portal to download apps and content which are specially designed for aakash 2.

Network and Connectivity of akash 2

Aakash2 supports Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN or Wi-Fi). No SIM card slot is provided to enable any GPRS or 3G connectivity with aakash tab 2. But you can use any 3G stick or Modem of different companies to connect the device to Internet. A Wi-Fi port (802.11 a/b/g/n) is provided to connect the tablet to internet using Wi-Fi.

Aakash tablet 1 vs aakash 2

There is much advancement from the aakash 1 in aakash 2:

1) Processor of the tablet is improved a lot the architecture is improved and also the speed as it runs faster about 3 times and performs quite well as a very less system freezes are observed.

2) Battery life is improved to 50% i.e you can use the tablet for 3-4 hours without any problem.

3) The Operating system is upgraded and it now runs Android 2.3 Gingerbread instead of 2.2 Froyo.

4) Aakash 2 can be connected to Google Android Market place unlike aakash tab 1 which can download only from Getjar.

5) Touch Screen in aakash 2 is now capacitive instead of Resistive in aakash tab 1.

6) A front end camera is also predicted in aakash 2 but not yet confirmed.

Aakash 2 vs Ubislate 7+

Ubislate 7+ is the commercial version of aakash tablet 2. The tablet is manufactured by Datawind for Indian Public. The commercial variant of Aakash two is almost similar in specification except a few additional features. The additional features of Ubislate 7+ are

1) Ubislate 7+ allows user to call i.e we can use it as a phone to call other phones.

2) The SIM card slot allows to connect the tablet to internet without any external USB modem or Wi-Fi

3) A front Camera is provided for video calling in the tablet also you can use this camera to capture photos and video (low quality)

4) The integration of Skype or other Android Apps can enable you to connect to video conferencing or video chatting.

Aakash tab 2 Specifications :

Processor	700 MHZ
Video Processor	HD video co-processor
Connectivity	Wi-Fi( 802.11 a/b/g/n)
Screen Size	7 inch.
Screen Resolution	800×480
Screen Type	Touch Screen Capacitive
Internal Memory	2 GB
Random Access Memory (RAM)	256 MB
Expandable Memory	Upto 32 Gb with SD card slot
USP support	2 USB 2.0 Ports
Audio support	3.5 mm jack
File extension Supported	DOC,DOCX,ODT,ODP,PDF,TXT,XLSX,SLS,PPT,PPTX
Battery Life	3 hrs 3200mAh li-po battery
Dimensions	190.5 mm (7.50 in) Height 118.5 mm (4.67 in) Width 15.7 mm (0.62 in) Thick
Weight	350 gram (12 oz)
Warranty	1 Year replacement warranty

Scientists Build the First All-Carbon Solar Cell

2012-11-11T23:45:00.002+05:30

Stanford University scientists have built the first solar cell made entirely of carbon, a promising alternative to the expensive materials used in photovoltaic devices today.

"Carbon has the potential to deliver high performance at a low cost," said study senior author Zhenan Bao, a professor of chemical engineering at Stanford. "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a working solar cell that has all of the components made of carbon. This study builds on previous work done in our lab."

Unlike rigid silicon solar panels that adorn many rooftops, Stanford's thin film prototype is made of carbon materials that can be coated from solution. "Perhaps in the future we can look at alternative markets where flexible carbon solar cells are coated on the surface of buildings, on windows or on cars to generate electricity," Bao said.

The coating technique also has the potential to reduce manufacturing costs, said Stanford graduate student Michael Vosgueritchian, co-lead author of the study with postdoctoral researcher Marc Ramuz.

"Processing silicon-based solar cells requires a lot of steps," Vosgueritchian explained. "But our entire device can be built using simple coating methods that don't require expensive tools and machines."

Carbon nanomaterials

The Bao group's experimental solar cell consists of a photoactive layer, which absorbs sunlight, sandwiched between two electrodes. In a typical thin film solar cell, the electrodes are made of conductive metals and indium tin oxide (ITO). "Materials like indium are scarce and becoming more expensive as the demand for solar cells, touchscreen panels and other electronic devices grows," Bao said. "Carbon, on the other hand, is low cost and Earth-abundant."

The Bao group's all-carbon solar cell consists of a photoactive layer, which absorbs sunlight, sandwiched between two electrodes.

For the study, Bao and her colleagues replaced the silver and ITO used in conventional electrodes with graphene -- sheets of carbon that are one atom thick -and single-walled carbon nanotubes that are 10,000 times narrower than a human hair. "Carbon nanotubes have extraordinary electrical conductivity and light-absorption properties," Bao said.

For the active layer, the scientists used material made of carbon nanotubes and "buckyballs" -- soccer ball-shaped carbon molecules just one nanometer in diameter. The research team recently filed a patent for the entire device.

"Every component in our solar cell, from top to bottom, is made of carbon materials," Vosgueritchian said. "Other groups have reported making all-carbon solar cells, but they were referring to just the active layer in the middle, not the electrodes."

One drawback of the all-carbon prototype is that it primarily absorbs near-infrared wavelengths of light, contributing to a laboratory efficiency of less than 1 percent -- much lower than commercially available solar cells. "We clearly have a long way to go on efficiency," Bao said. "But with better materials and better processing techniques, we expect that the efficiency will go up quite dramatically."

Improving efficiency

The Stanford team is looking at a variety of ways to improve efficiency. "Roughness can short-circuit the device and make it hard to collect the current," Bao said. "We have to figure out how to make each layer very smooth by stacking the nanomaterials really well."

The researchers are also experimenting with carbon nanomaterials that can absorb more light in a broader range of wavelengths, including the visible spectrum.

"Materials made of carbon are very robust," Bao said. "They remain stable in air temperatures of nearly 1,100 degrees Fahrenheit."

The ability of carbon solar cells to out-perform conventional devices under extreme conditions could overcome the need for greater efficiency, according to Vosgueritchian. "We believe that all-carbon solar cells could be used in extreme environments, such as at high temperatures or at high physical stress," he said. "But obviously we want the highest efficiency possible and are working on ways to improve our device."

"Photovoltaics will definitely be a very important source of power that we will tap into in the future," Bao said. "We have a lot of available sunlight. We've got to figure out some way to use this natural resource that is given to us."

Source-www.sciencedaily.com

QUANTUM COMPUTING--MORE FAST AND MORE RELIABLE!!

2012-09-08T11:33:00.005+05:30

Combining physics, mathematics and computer science, quantum computing has developed in the past two decades from a visionary idea to one of the most fascinating areas of quantum mechanics. The recent excitement in this lively and speculative domain of research was triggered by Peter Shor (1994) who showed how a quantum algorithm could exponentially “speed-up” classical computation and factor large numbers into primes much more rapidly (at least in terms of the number of computational steps involved) than any known classical algorithm. Shor's algorithm was soon followed by several other algorithms that aimed to solve combinatorial and algebraic problems, and in the last few years theoretical study of quantum systems serving as computational devices has achieved tremendous progress.

While computers have been around for the majority of the 20th century, quantum computing was first theorized less than 30 years ago, by a physicist at the Argonne National Laboratory. Paul Benioff is credited with first applying quantum theory to computers in 1981. Benioff theorized about creating a quantum Turing machine. Most digital computers are based on the Turing Theory.

Defining the Quantum Computer

The Turing machine, developed by Alan Turing in the 1930s, is a theoretical device that consists of tape of unlimited length that is divided into little squares. Each square can either hold a symbol (1 or 0) or be left blank. A read-write device reads these symbols and blanks, which gives the machine its instructions to perform a certain program. Does this sound familiar? Well, in a quantum Turing machine, the difference is that the tape exists in a quantum state, as does the read-write head. This means that the symbols on the tape can be either 0 or 1 or a superposition of 0 and 1; in other words the symbols are both 0 and 1 (and all points in between) at the same time. While a normal Turing machine can only perform one calculation at a time, a quantum Turing machine can perform many calculations at once.

Today's computers, like a Turing machine, work by manipulating bits that exist in one of two states: a 0 or a 1. Quantum computers aren't limited to two states; they encode information as quantum bits, or qubits, which can exist in superposition. Qubits represent atoms, ions, photons or electrons and their respective control devices that are working together to act as computer memory and a processor. Because a quantum computer can contain these multiple states simultaneously, it has the potential to be millions of times more powerful than today's most powerful supercomputers.

This superposition of qubits is what gives quantum computers their inherent parallelism. According to physicist David Deutsch, this parallelism allows a quantum computer to work on a million computations at once, while your desktop PC works on one. A 30-qubit quantum computer would equal the processing power of a conventional computer that could run at 10 teraflops (trillions of floating-point operations per second). Today's typical desktop computers run at speeds measured in gigaflops (billions of floating-point operations per second).

Quantum computers also utilize another aspect of quantum mechanics known as entanglement. One problem with the idea of quantum computers is that if you try to look at the subatomic particles, you could bump them, and thereby change their value. If you look at a qubit in superposition to determine its value, the qubit will assume the value of either 0 or 1, but not both (effectively turning your spiffy quantum computer into a mundane digital computer). To make a practical quantum computer, scientists have to devise ways of making measurements indirectly to preserve the system's integrity. Entanglement provides a potential answer. In quantum physics, if you apply an outside force to two atoms, it can cause them to become entangled, and the second atom can take on the properties of the first atom. So if left alone, an atom will spin in all directions. The instant it is disturbed it chooses one spin, or one value; and at the same time, the second entangled atom will choose an opposite spin, or value. This allows scientists to know the value of the qubits without actually looking at them.

The Qubit

A bit is the basic unit of computer information. Regardless of its physical realization, a bit is always understood to be either a 0 or a 1. An analogy to this is a light switch— with the off position representing 0 and the on position representing 1.

A qubit has some similarities to a classical bit, but is overall very different. Like a bit, a qubit can have two possible values—normally a 0 or a 1. The difference is that whereas a bit must be either 0 or 1, a qubit can be 0, 1, or a superposition of both.

Theoretically, a single qubit can store an infinite amount of information, yet when measured it yields only the classical result (0 or 1) with certain probabilities that are specified by the quantum state. In other words, the measurement changes the state of the qubit, “collapsing” it from the superposition to one of its terms. The crucial point is that unless the qubit is measured, the amount of “hidden” information it stores is conserved under the dynamic evolution (namely, Schrödinger's equation). This feature of quantum mechanics allows one to manipulate the information stored in unmeasured qubits with quantum gates, and is one of the sources for the putative power of quantum computers.

Quantum Gates

Classical computational gates are Boolean logic gates that perform manipulations of the information stored in the bits. In quantum computing these gates are represented by matrices, and can be visualized as rotations of the quantum state on the Bloch sphere. This visualization represents the fact that quantum gates are unitary operators, i.e., they preserve the norm of the quantum state (if U is a matrix describing a single qubit gate, then U^†U=I, where U^† is the adjoint of U, obtained by transposing and then complex-conjugating U). As in the case of classical computing, where there exists a universal gate (the combinations of which can be used to compute any computable function), namely, the NAND gate which results from performing an AND gate and then a NOT gate, in quantum computing it was shown (Barenco et al., 1995) that any multiple qubit logic gate may be composed from a quantum CNOT gate (which operates on a multiple qubit by flipping or preserving the target bit given the state of the control bit, an operation analogous to the classical XOR, i.e., the exclusive OR gate) and single qubit gates. One feature of quantum gates that distinguishes them from classical gates is that they are reversible: the inverse of a unitary matrix is also a unitary matrix, and thus a quantum gate can always be inverted by another quantum gate.

Quantum Circuits

Quantum circuits are similar to classical computer circuits in that they consist of wires and logical gates. The wires are used to carry the information, while the gates manipulate it (note that the wires do not correspond to physical wires; they may correspond to a physical particle, a photon, moving from one location to another in space, or even to time-evolution). Conventionally, the input of the quantum circuit is assumed to be a computational basis state, usually the state consisting of all 0. The output state of the circuit is then measured in the computational basis, or in any other arbitrary orthonormal basis. The first quantum algorithms (i.e. Deutsch-Jozsa, Simon, Shor and Grover) were constructed in this paradigm. Additional paradigms for quantum computing exist today that differ from the quantum circuit model in many interesting ways. So far, however, they all have been demonstrated to be computationally equivalent to the circuit model (see below), in the sense that any computational problem that can be solved by the circuit model can be solved by these new models with only a polynomial overhead in computational resources.

Today's Quantum Computers

Quantum computers could one day replace silicon chips, just like the transistor once replaced the vacuum tube. But for now, the technology required to develop such a quantum computer is beyond our reach. Most research in quantum computing is still very theoretical.

The most advanced quantum computers have not gone beyond manipulating more than 16 qubits, meaning that they are a far cry from practical application. However, the potential remains that quantum computers one day could perform, quickly and easily, calculations that are incredibly time-consuming on conventional computers. Several key advancements have been made in quantum computing in the last few years. Let's look at a few of the quantum computers that have been developed.

1998

Los Alamos and MIT researchers managed to spread a single qubit across three nuclear spins in each molecule of a liquid solution of alanine (an amino acid used to analyze quantum state decay) or trichloroethylene (a chlorinated hydrocarbon used for quantum error correction) molecules. Spreading out the qubit made it harder to corrupt, allowing researchers to use entanglement to study interactions between states as an indirect method for analyzing the quantum information.

2000

In March, scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory announced the development of a 7-qubit quantum computer within a single drop of liquid. The quantum computer uses nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to manipulate particles in the atomic nuclei of molecules of trans-crotonic acid, a simple fluid consisting of molecules made up of six hydrogen and four carbon atoms. The NMR is used to apply electromagnetic pulses, which force the particles to line up. These particles in positions parallel or counter to the magnetic field allow the quantum computer to mimic the information-encoding of bits in digital computers.

Researchers at IBM-Almaden Research Center developed what they claimed was the most advanced quantum computer to date in August. The 5-qubit quantum computer was designed to allow the nuclei of five fluorine atoms to interact with each other as qubits, be programmed by radio frequency pulses and be detected by NMR instruments similar to those used in hospitals (see How Magnetic Resonance Imaging Works for details). Led by Dr. Isaac Chuang, the IBM team was able to solve in one step a mathematical problem that would take conventional computers repeated cycles. The problem, called order-finding, involves finding the period of a particular function, a typical aspect of many mathematical problems involved in cryptography.

2001

Scientists from IBM and Stanford University successfully demonstrated Shor's Algorithm on a quantum computer. Shor's Algorithm is a method for finding the prime factors of numbers (which plays an intrinsic role in cryptography). They used a 7-qubit computer to find the factors of 15. The computer correctly deduced that the prime factors were 3 and 5.

2005

The Institute of Quantum Optics and Quantum Information at the University of Innsbruck announced that scientists had created the first qubyte, or series of 8 qubits, using ion traps.

2006

Scientists in Waterloo and Massachusetts devised methods for quantum control on a 12-qubit system. Quantum control becomes more complex as systems employ more qubits.

2007

Canadian startup company D-Wave demonstrated a 16-qubit quantum computer. The computer solved a sudoku puzzle and other pattern matching problems. The company claims it will produce practical systems by 2008. Skeptics believe practical quantum computers are still decades away, that the system D-Wave has created isn't scaleable, and that many of the claims on D-Wave's Web site are simply impossible (or at least impossible to know for certain given our understanding of quantum mechanics).

If functional quantum computers can be built, they will be valuable in factoring large numbers, and therefore extremely useful for decoding and encoding secret information. If one were to be built today, no information on the Internet would be safe. Our current methods of encryption are simple compared to the complicated methods possible in quantum computers. Quantum computers could also be used to search large databases in a fraction of the time that it would take a conventional computer. Other applications could include using quantum computers to study quantum mechanics, or even to design other quantum computers.

But quantum computing is still in its early stages of development, and many computer scientists believe the technology needed to create a practical quantum computer is years away. Quantum computers must have at least several dozen qubits to be able to solve real-world problems, and thus serve as a viable computing method.

Source-- www.howstuffworks.com

2012-08-11T13:05:00.001+05:30

Physicists at The University of Texas at Austin, in collaboration with colleagues in Taiwan and China, have developed the world's smallest semiconductor laser, a breakthrough for emerging photonic technology with applications from computing to medicine.

Miniaturization of semiconductor lasers is key for the development of faster, smaller and lower energy photon-based technologies, such as ultrafast computer chips; highly sensitive biosensors for detecting, treating and studying disease; and next-generation communication technologies.

Such photonic devices could use nanolasers to generate optical signals and transmit information, and have the potential to replace electronic circuits. But the size and performance of photonic devices have been restricted by what's known as the three-dimensional optical diffraction limit.

"We have developed a nanolaser device that operates well below the 3-D diffraction limit," said Chih-Kang "Ken" Shih, professor of physics at The University of Texas at Austin. "We believe our research could have a large impact on nanoscale technologies."

In the current paper, Shih and his colleagues report the first operation of a continuous-wave, low-threshold laser below the 3-D diffraction limit. When fired, the nanolaser emits a green light. The laser is too small to be visible to the naked eye.

The device is constructed of a gallium nitride nanorod that is partially filled with indium gallium nitride. Both alloys are semiconductors used commonly in LEDs. The nanorod is placed on top of a thin insulating layer of silicon that in turn covers a layer of silver film that is smooth at the atomic level.

It's a material that the Shih lab has been perfecting for more than 15 years. That "atomic smoothness" is key to building photonic devices that don't scatter and lose plasmons, which are waves of electrons that can be used to move large amounts of data.

"Atomically smooth plasmonic structures are highly desirable building blocks for applications with low loss of data," said Shih.

Nanolasers such as this could provide for the development of chips where all processes are contained on the chip, so-called "on-chip" communication systems. This would prevent heat gains and information loss typically associated with electronic devices that pass data between multiple chips.

"Size mismatches between electronics and photonics have been a huge barrier to realize on-chip optical communications and computing systems," said Shangjr Gwo, professor at National Tsing Hua University in Taiwain and a former doctoral student of Shih's.

Physicists Explore Properties of Electrons in Revolutionary Material

2012-08-11T12:59:00.002+05:30

Scientists from Georgia State University and the Georgia Institute of Technology have found a new way to examine certain properties of electrons in graphene -- a very thin material that may hold the key to new technologies in computing and other fields.

Ramesh Mani, associate professor of physics at GSU, working in collaboration with Walter de Heer, Regents' Professor of physics at Georgia Tech, measured the spin properties of the electrons in graphene, a material made of carbon atoms that is only one atom thick.

The research was published this week in the online-only journal Nature Communications.

Electrons, which follow orbits around the nucleus in atoms, have two important characteristics -- charge and spin.

The electric charge is the basis of most electronic devices, but spin -- which Mani and co-workers examined using a new technique -- forms the basis of new "spintronic" devices, and can serve as a building block for new computers in a field called quantum computing, as well as other technologies.

Graphene is thought to be a key material for spintronic devices, but it is so new that scientists must perform a lot of research on it to understand its capability. The GSU and Georgia Tech study propels this research forward.

"We tried to use the electrical resistance to detect spin resonance. When you shine microwaves on the device, and the microwave energy equals the spin-splitting energy," Mani explained.

"The device absorbs the microwave energy, and that changes the resistance of the device. But this is usually such a small effect that one hardly expects to see it. Fortunately, this material allowed us to see the effect. Measuring spin resonance electrically is especially useful for nanoscale devices."

"By doing such a measurement, we can measure properties like the spin splitting energy, and the spin relaxation time directly," he continued. "There have been other measurements, but those have been a little more indirect."

With the advance in measuring the properties of an electron's spin in graphene, it will allow scientists to carry out further studies of this novel material -- giving researchers ways to optimize graphene for spintronic applications.

Mani noted that that the experiments which were conducted at GSU, were very labor intensive. Simply creating graphene -- which de Heer's laboratory accomplished -- is very time consuming and requires enormous experience.

Measurements use very sophisticated equipment, requiring the researchers to immerse samples in liquid Helium at temperatures close to absolute zero -- about 460 degrees Fahrenheit below zero.

Atlanta has become a center for graphene research, Mani said.

"The confluence of available experimental capability in Atlanta, a hotbed for graphene science and technology, made possible this important advance in the world of spintronics physics," he explained.

The team included Mani of GSU, de Heer, John Hankinson and Claire Berger of Georgia Tech.

Source:- http://www.sciencedaily.com

Original Journal:-Ramesh G Mani, John Hankinson, Claire Berger, Walter A de Heer. Observation of resistively detected hole spin resonance and zero-field pseudo-spin splitting in epitaxial graphene. Nature Communications, 2012; 3: 996 DOI:

New Silicon Memory Chip May Offer Super-Fast Memory

2012-05-27T13:52:00.003+05:30

The first purely silicon oxide-based 'Resistive RAM' memory chip that can operate in ambient conditions -- opening up the possibility of new super-fast memory -- has been developed by researchers at UCL.

Resistive RAM (or 'ReRAM') memory chips are based on materials, most often oxides of metals, whose electrical resistance changes when a voltage is applied -- and they "remember" this change even when the power is turned off.

ReRAM chips promise significantly greater memory storage than current technology, such as the Flash memory used on USB sticks, and require much less energy and space.

The UCL team have developed a novel structure composed of silicon oxide, described in a recent paper in the Journal of Applied Physics, which performs the switch in resistance much more efficiently than has been previously achieved. In their material, the arrangement of the silicon atoms changes to form filaments of silicon within the solid silicon oxide, which are less resistive. The presence or absence of these filaments represents a 'switch' from one state to another.

Unlike other silicon oxide chips currently in development, the UCL chip does not require a vacuum to work, and is therefore potentially cheaper and more durable. The design also raises the possibility of transparent memory chips for use in touch screens and mobile devices.

The team have been backed by UCLB, UCL's technology transfer company, and have recently filed a patent on their device. Discussions are ongoing with a number of leading semiconductor companies.

Dr Tony Kenyon, UCL Electronic and Electrical Engineering, said: "Our ReRAM memory chips need just a thousandth of the energy and are around a hundred times faster than standard Flash memory chips. The fact that the device can operate in ambient conditions and has a continuously variable resistance opens up a huge range of potential applications.

"We are also working on making a quartz device with a view to developing transparent electronics."

For added flexibility, the UCL devices can also be designed to have a continuously variable resistance that depends on the last voltage that was applied. This is an important property that allows the device to mimic how neurons in the brain function. Devices that operate in this way are sometimes known as 'memristors'.

This technology is currently of enormous interest, with the first practical memristor, based on titanium dioxide, demonstrated in just 2008. The development of a silicon oxide memristor is a huge step forward because of the potential for its incorporation into silicon chips.

The team's new ReRAM technology was discovered by accident whilst engineers at UCL were working on using the silicon oxide material to produce silicon-based LEDs. During the course of the project, researchers noticed that their devices appeared to be unstable.

UCL PhD student, Adnan Mehonic, was asked to look specifically at the material's electrical properties. He discovered that the material wasn't unstable at all, but flipped between various conducting and non-conducting states very predictably.

Adnan Mehonic, also from the UCL Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, said: "My work revealed that a material we had been looking at for some time could in fact be made into a memristor.

"The potential for this material is huge. During proof of concept development we have shown we can programme the chips using the cycle between two or more states of conductivity. We're very excited that our devices may be an important step towards new silicon memory chips."

The technology has promising applications beyond memory storage. The team are also exploring using the resistance properties of their material not just for use in memory but also as a computer processor.

The work was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council.

Source- http://www.sciencedaily.com

Li-Fi INSTEAD OF Wi-Fi?

2012-05-20T16:43:00.000+05:30

"DATA TRANSMISSION THROUGH VISIBLE LIGHT POSSIBLE, says researchers"

Many of us are familiar with Wi-Fi technology and its impact in our daily lives. We cannot survive without it. Wi-Fi is being used everywhere like in repair shops, educational institutes, computer shops, offices. We have become quite dependent upon this technology that we can hardly imagine our life without it.

Wi-Fi technology can cover an entire home and it is band limited to 50-100 megabits per second today using IEEE802.11n standard. This is a good standard to use current services provided by internet like browsing and moving larger data files like softwares, HD movies, video games, music libraries etc. It may be very useful in today’s life but it may not be that efficient in future where we have a gesture recognition technology coming.

So here comes in the new technology names as VISIBLE LIGHT COMMUNICATION or simply VLC. It is more frequently referred to as Li-Fi(Light Fidelity).

This emerging new technology offers optical wireless communication by using visible light. An additional opportunity is arising by using current state-of-the-art LED lighting solutions for illumination and communication as the same time and with the same module. Hence when the LEDs are illuminating, their secondary duty will be to communicate data onto lighting system. This will be relevant in the indoor systems where the light will be fully ‘on’.

The premise behind VLC is that since light is always on and we have reflections everywhere communications can ride along for nearly free. The VLC technology include giga-speed technology, optical mobility technologies, navigation, precision location and gesture recognition technology.

For giga-speed technology, the Li-Fi Consortium defined GigaDock, GigaBeam, GigaShower, Giga Spot and GigaMIMO models to address different user scenarios for wireless indoor and indoor like data transfers. While GIgaDock is a wireless docking solution including wireless charging for smartphones, tablets or notebooks, with speeds upto 10Gbps, the GigaBeam model is a point to point data link for kiosk applications or portable-to-portable data exchanges. Thus a two hour full HD movie, whose size can be imagines around 5GB, can be transferred from one device to other in merely 4 seconds!

First applications of Li-Fi have already been put to use in hospitals where RF signals are a threat due to interference problems with medical equipment such as blood pumps and other life supporting instruments. The prototype of a mobile phone with an incorporated VLC system was presented by Casio in Las Vegas earlier this year. In coming years we are surely going to see more of the Li-Fi technology and more compatible products entering the market from labs.

Infinite number of wireless channels possible in a fixed bandwidth

2012-03-20T15:24:00.000+05:30

Infinite number of wireless channels possible in a fixed bandwidth

Italian researchers have demonstrated in Venice a technique which could allow the implementation of an infinite number of channels in a given, fixed bandwidth.

“We have experimentally shown that by using helicoidal parabolic antennae, the use of OAM (orbital angular momentum) states might dramatically increase the capacity of any frequency band, allowing the use of dense coding techniques in each of these new vortex radio channels,” say the researchers, “this might represent a concrete proposal for a possible solution to the band saturation problem.”

Most of the researchers are from the University of Padova, with one from the Swedish Institute of Space Physics and one from the Padova Nanofabrication Laboratory.

The experimental transmission, from the isle of San Giorgio across the water to the Doge’s Palace – a distance of 442m - showed that it is possible to use two beams of incoherent radio waves, transmitted on the same frequency but encoded in two different orbital angular momentum states, to simultaneously transmit two independent radio channels.

The location of the experiment was chosen because it is where Galileo first demonstrated his invention of the telescope 400 years ago.

The technique could be used in TV broadcasts, WiFi and radio.

‘This novel radio technique allows the implementation of, in principle, an infinite number of channels in a given, fixed bandwidth, even without using polarization, multiport or dense coding techniques,’ say the researchers in a paper describing the experiment, ‘this paves the way for innovative techniques in radio science and entirely new paradigms in radio communication protocols that might offer a solution to the problem of radio-band congestion.’

Source: Epoch Times

DISCOVERY OF A NEW PARTICLE.

2012-03-20T15:08:00.000+05:30

New Particle Discovered at Large Hadron Collider

A new particle has been observed by scientists from the U.K.’s University of Birmingham and Lancaster University, who made the discovery after analyzing data from the ATLAS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider.

The ATLAS experiment is a particle physics experiment involving smashing protons together with extremely high energies, according to the ATLAS website. The LHC is the largest particle accelerator in the world, built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) on the border of France and Switzerland.

“Analyzing the billions of particle collisions at the LHC is fascinating. There are potentially all kinds of interesting things buried in the data, and we were lucky to look in the right place at the right time,” said University of Birmingham Ph.D. student Andy Chisholm in a press release.

The particle—the Chi-b(3P)—is a boson particle, like the famous Higgs particle, but is made up of two very heavy objects held together by a strong force, said the researchers. The Higgs is currently thought to exist as a single object.

Chi-b(3P) had been previously predicted but had until now remained unobserved. The Chi-b(3P) is a new way of binding together a “beauty quark and its antiquark”—collectively known as quarkonium, said the scientists in their research paper.

The beauty quark is a quark with a charge of one-third of the charge carried by an electron. Its associated antiquark is a particle with the same mass but opposite electric charge. That is, the beauty quark’s antiquark carries one-third of the charge of a proton.

In the (3P) state, the beauty quark and its antiquark are almost separated from each other, said the ATLAS team. “One surprise is that the Chi-b(3P) is slightly heavier than predicted, meaning the quark antiquark pair is a little more loosely bound than expected,” states an ATLAS press release.

Source:- Epoch times.

APPLE UNVEILS ITS NEW iPad

2012-03-08T12:06:00.001+05:30

THE NEW iPad FEATURES A SHARPER SCREEN AND A FASTER PROCESSOR...

Apple unveild its new iPad on Wednesday 7^th morning in San Francisco and I was browsing the sites here in night as the LIVE EVENT was going on in the States. Many sites offered the live coverage of it online but I looked for reading the specifications. I knew the event was going to be a sad one as the company would remember their former CEO Steve Jobs.

Anyhow, coming to the launch event, Chief Executive Tim Cook, presiding over his second major product launch after debuting with 2011's voice-enabled iPhone 4S, introduced the highly anticipated third iteration of the tablet, which is available for pre-orders from Wednesday and will hit store shelves March 16 in USA.

But he stumped many in the audience by breaking away from the tradition of calling the third-generation tablet the iPad 3, as some had expected, referring to it simply as the "new iPad."

The company said it will continue to sell the iPad 2 but dropped its price by $100. The older tablet now starts at $399 while the new third-generation wi-fi only iPad starts at $499.

Now moving on to the specifications and features, I’ve compiled them in major points. So here it goes.. Perhaps the most touted accomplishment of the new iPad 3 is its new screen, or ‘Retina display.’ The screen boasts incredibly high resolution, 2048 x 1536, which is double that of the current iPad 2. At 3.1 million megapixels, the most ever in a mobile device, the iPad 3 Retina display has over a million more pixels than 1080p full HD TVs. A new processor, the Apple A5X makes the iPad 3 even faster than its predecessor, the X standing for quad-core graphics. The A5X claims to deliver 4x the performance of NVIDIA’s Tegra 3. In addition, added image stabilization feature in the iPad 3 makes gaming and watching video clips that much easier on the go.

The theme of the innovations and design changes for the iPad 3 seems to be enhanced visual capacity and graphics, and increased diversity of features that are guaranteed to deliver the ‘Wow!’ factor. The iPad 3 incorporates a brand new camera, dramatically increased from the 1.0 megapixel in the iPad 2 to a 5.0 megapixel camera. Referred to as the iSight, the new camera enables the iPad 3 to have even more of the same functions of a digital camera. For example, the new camera is capable of shooting 1080p full HD video.

For those interested in speed and connectivity, the iPad 3 does indeed offer 4G LTE, and boasts 21Mbps HSPA, DC-HSPA for 42Mbps, together with LTE for 72Mbps. The 4G LTE will be available from AT&T and Verizon carriers. Also new on the iPad 3 is a dictation feature with an incredibly simple on/off switch that allows users to have the iPad 3 take notes from their dictation. Incredibly useful for students and presenters, this new feature is a sure-fire draw for the education and business communities.

Believe it or not, the iPad 3 runs all of its impressive new features with 10 hours of battery life, 9 hrs if 4G LTE is turned on. And if all of the new tech specs weren’t enough to grab consumers’ attention, Apps like Sketchbook Pro and Garageband and have exciting updates that take full advantage of the new Retina Display. And the things the latest version of iPhoto is capable of make it fully drool-worthy for every photographer alive, amateur and professional.

Here’s the table of specifications:-

General	2G Network	GSM 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 for AT&T
		CDMA 800 / 1900 for Verizon
	3G Network	HSDPA 850 / 900 / 1900 / 2100 for AT&T
		CDMA2000 1xEV-DO for Verizon
	4G Network	LTE 700 MHz Class 17 / 2100 for AT&T
		LTE 700 MHz Class 13 for Verizon
	Announced	2012, March
	Status	Coming soon. 2012, March 16

Body	Dimensions	241.2 x 185.7 x 9.4 mm
Body	Weight	662 g

Display	Type	LED-backlit IPS TFT, capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors
	Size	1536 x 2048 pixels, 9.7 inches (~264 ppi pixel density)
	Multitouch	Yes
	Protection	Scratch-resistant glass, oleophobic coating

Sound	Alert types	N/A
	Loudspeaker	Yes
	3.5mm jack	Yes

Memory	Card slot	No
Memory	Internal	16/32/64 GB storage

Data	GPRS	Yes
	EDGE	Yes
	Speed	HSDPA, 21 Mbps; HSUPA, 5.76 Mbps, LTE, 73 Mbps; Rev. A, up to 3.1 Mbps
	WLAN	Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n
	Bluetooth	Yes, v4.0 with A2DP, EDR
	USB	Yes, v2.0

Camera	Primary	5 MP, 2592 x 1944 pixels, autofocus
	Features	Touch focus, geo-tagging, HDR, face detection
	Video	Yes, 1080p@30fps, video stabilization
	Secondary	Yes, VGA

Features	OS	iOS 5
	Chipset	Apple A5X
	CPU	Dual-core 1 GHz Cortex-A9
	GPU	PowerVR SGX543MP4
	Sensors	Accelerometer, gyro, compass
	Messaging	iMessage, Email, Push Email, IM
	Browser	HTML (Safari)
	Radio	No
	GPS	Yes, with A-GPS support
	Java	No
	Colors	Black, White
		- MicroSIM card support only - iCloud cloud service - Twitter integration - MP4/MP3/WAV/AAC player - Photo viewer/editor - Audio&video player/editor - Voice dictation - iBooks PDF reader - Google Maps - TV-out

Battery		Standard battery, Li-Po 42.5 Wh
	Stand-by	Up to 720 h
	Talk time	Up to 10 h

The launch Apple iPad 3 Price and Launching Date:

Apple iPad 3 release date in US- March, 2012.

Apple iPad 3 release date in UK- March, 2012.

Apple iPad 3 release date in India- Spring, 2012.

Apple iPad 3 price in US is $ 800 and the price in India is around Rs.40,000/-.

If you like this article and found it useful then please recommend it or share it on Facebook or Twitter.

Sources:- TOI, Yahoo news, gsmarena.com

LATEST RESEARCH IN TELECOM SECTOR.

2012-03-07T14:25:00.003+05:30

Infinite number of wireless channels possible in a fixed bandwidth

Italian researchers have demonstrated in Venice a technique which could allow the implementation of an infinite number of channels in a given, fixed bandwidth.

“We have experimentally shown that by using helicoidal parabolic antennae, the use of OAM (orbital angular momentum) states might dramatically increase the capacity of any frequency band, allowing the use of dense coding techniques in each of these new vortex radio channels,” say the researchers, “this might represent a concrete proposal for a possible solution to the band saturation problem.”

Most of the researchers are from the University of Padova, with one from the Swedish Institute of Space Physics and one from the Padova Nanofabrication Laboratory.

The experimental transmission, from the isle of San Giorgio across the water to the Doge’s Palace – a distance of 442m - showed that it is possible to use two beams of incoherent radio waves, transmitted on the same frequency but encoded in two different orbital angular momentum states, to simultaneously transmit two independent radio channels.

The location of the experiment was chosen because it is where Galileo first demonstrated his invention of the telescope 400 years ago.

The technique could be used in TV broadcasts, WiFi and radio.

‘This novel radio technique allows the implementation of, in principle, an infinite number of channels in a given, fixed bandwidth, even without using polarization, multiport or dense coding techniques,’ say the researchers in a paper describing the experiment, ‘this paves the way for innovative techniques in radio science and entirely new paradigms in radio communication protocols that might offer a solution to the problem of radio-band congestion.’

NEW RESEARCH COULD LEAD TO 'INVISIBLE' ELECTRONICS.

2012-03-07T14:01:00.001+05:30

SCEINCE FICTION CAN BECOME REAL

Never could have imagined that even after going through all the research work online I could read such articles that are way ahead than those we study or more like cram day and night.

So the latest researches going on in the world are leaving me utterly bamboozled.

This research goes back in 2006 but i came across it now. So here it goes.

Imagine a car windshield that displays a map to your destination, military goggles with targets and instructions displayed right before a soldier's eyes or a billboard that doubles as a window.

Only in science fiction you say? Northwestern University researchers report that by combining organic and inorganic materials they have produced transparent, high-performance transistors that can be assembled inexpensively on both glass and plastics.

The results of this breakthrough, which brings such futuristic high-quality displays closer to reality, were published in the November 2006 issue of the journal Nature Materials.

Researchers have long worked on developing new types of displays powered by electronics without visible wires. But, until now, no one was able to develop materials for transistors that could be "invisible" while still maintaining a high level of performance.

"Our development provides new strategies for creating transparent electronics," said Tobin J. Marks, the Vladimir N. Ipatieff Research Professor in Chemistry in the Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences at Northwestern and professor of materials science and engineering, who led the research. "You can imagine a variety of applications for new electronics that haven't been possible previously -- imagine displays of text or images that would seem to be floating in space."

Transistors are used for all the switching and computing necessary in electronics, and, in displays, they are used to power and switch the light sources.

High-performance, transparent transistors could be combined with existing kinds of light display technologies, such as organic light-emitting diodes, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and electroluminescent displays, which are already used in televisions, desktop and laptop computers and cell phones.

To create their thin-film transistors, Marks' group combined films of the inorganic semiconductor indium oxide with a multilayer of self-assembling organic molecules that provides superior insulating properties.

The indium oxide films can be fabricated at room temperature, allowing the transistors to be produced at a low cost. And, in addition to being transparent, the transistors outperform the silicon transistors currently used in LCD screens and perform nearly as well as high-end polysilicon transistors.

Prototype displays using the transistors developed at Northwestern could be available in 12 to 18 months, said Marks. He has formed a start-up company, Polyera, to bring this and related technologies to market.

Source: Northwestern University

ATOMTRONICS TO REPLACE ELECTRONICS!!

2012-03-06T22:18:00.006+05:30

First mechantronics then electronics after spintronics and now atomtronics...

Electronics is the field of electron movement in the circuits governed by the use of wires, silicon and electricity. All modern electronic devices contain transistors as the fundamental building blocks. Until recently, electronics had been based on a single property of electrons—their charge. But now physicists have begun to exploit another property—electron spin. The technology of spintronics promises to revolutionise electronics because it allows information to be encoded in an entirely new way.

But as the size of semiconductor devices is reducing year by year, the present size of fabrication of one semiconductor device being in nanometers, the fabrication becomes difficult as the silicon melts if tried to be fabricated.

So the latest word that is buzzing around in the research industry is ATOMTRONICS—the science of creating circuits, devices and materials using ultra-cold atoms instead of electrons. What if atoms could be used to perform the functions that are currently the province of electronic devices? The goal of atomtronics is to do just that by creating analogues to the common items found in electronic and spintronic devices.

Atomtronics is a young and mostly theoretical field based on the idea that atoms in unusual quantum states of matter may provide an alternative to the tried-and-true electron for making useful devices. The field’s proponents have drawn up blueprints for atomic versions of many traditional electronic components—from wires and batteries to transistors and diodes. The idea is to manipulate neutral atoms using lasers in a way that mimics the behaviour of electrons in wires, transistors and logic gates.

In atomtronics, the current carriers in electronics(electrons) are replaced with neutral and ultra cold atoms and the semiconductor material is replaced with the optical lattice and the electric potential is replaced by chemical potential.

Over the last decade or two, physicists have become masters at creating optical lattices in which atoms can be

pushed, pulled and prodded at will. The problem is that atoms don’t behave like electrons. So, building the atomtronic equivalent of something even as straightforward as a simple circuit consisting of a battery and resistor in series requires some thinking out of the box.

The dynamics of atoms in optical lattice are just an addition to the field of by theoretically demonstrating that the electronic properties of the diode and transistor can be observed in specifically tailored optical lattices. Researchers believe that it is possible to emulate the behaviour of a semiconductor diode in these atomic systems. For example, simulations show that this augmented optical lattice will allow atoms to flow across it from left to right, but forbids the atoms to traverse the lattice going the other way. Ultra-cold atoms have interesting properties that conventional materials lack—superfluidity, superconductivity and coherence, to name just three.

These can be used to measure time on unimaginably short time-scales, can carry out simple calculations and may even form the basis of future quantum computers. Almost all of the atomtronics pioneers hope that for certain applications atoms will prove to be more interesting than electrons.

Latest developments

The atoms placed in an optical lattice,when super-cooled to form Bose- Einstein condensates, may form states analogous to electrons in solid-state crystalline media such as semiconductors. Impurity doping allows the creation of n- and p-type semiconductor analogue states, and an atomtronic battery can be created by maintaining two contacts at different chemicalpotentials. Analogues to diodes andtransistors have also been theoretically demonstrated. Although atomtronic devices have yet to be realised experimentally, the properties of condensed atoms offer a wide range of possible applications. The use of ultra-cold atoms allows for circuit elements, which further allow for the coherent flow of information and may be useful in connecting classical electronic devices and quantum computers. The use of atomtronics may allow for quantum computers that work

on macroscopic scales and do not require the technological precision of laser-controlled few-ion computing

methods. Since the atoms are Bose condensed, they have the property of superfluidity and, therefore, have

resistance-less current in which no energy is lost or heat is dissipated, similar to superconducting electronic devices.

Limitations of atomtronics

Scientists are hoping to use the condensate in the way that superconductors have been used to make improved devices and sensors. Idea for a useful device was inspired by superconducting quantum interference devices, commonly known as SQUIDs. Scientists also believe that Bose-Einstein condensate could provide an extremely

sensitive rotation sensor. It is pointed out, however, that atomtronics probably won’t replace electronics as atoms are sluggish compared to electrons. This means it might be difficult to replace fast electronic devices with sluggish atomtronic devices.

Source:- EFY Magazine

SHOPPERS ARENA...

2012-01-29T14:59:00.000+05:30

1) ULTRA-THIN NOTEBOOK

Weighing only 1.33 kg with a 29.5cm TFT(1366x768) WLED screen, the e.Go Aero notebook from Wipro Infotech is a perfect balance between performance and mobility.

The pristine white notebook is styled in clamshell contours and chrome highlights. Its security features include hard disk password protection that secures hard disk data even if the notebook is stolen. Also, its hardware-level interface security lock secures the USB, card reader and WLAN input/output port to prevent data theft.

Based on Calpella ULV Platform on Intel Core i processor, the notebook comes with a 1.3 megapixel camera, an eight-in-one card reader, 4GB, DDR3 RAM and supports both Windows 7 and Linux operating systems.

The price range is kept at Rs. 35,990.

2) 14MP DIGITAL CAMERA

Fujifilm FinePix S2950 digital camera has a Fujinon 18x optical zoom lens and 7.6cm LCD screen with 230,000-dot resolution. Its electronic view finder with eye sensor automatically switches the display from LCD to the view finder as you put your eyes to the view finder. It has Dual Image stabilization which works to eliminate blurred photos by freezing action and minimizing blurs at maximum zoom range. As you frame your shot, the SR Auto function intelligently recognises the scene and select the ideal settings. The price of the product is kept around Rs. 10,990 only.

ELECTRONIC FOCUSING EYEWEAR...

2012-01-25T19:27:00.000+05:30

Electronic Focusing Eyewear

PixelOptics claims to have developed the first electronic focusing eyewear. A touch of the temple or tilt of the head activates a layer of liquid crystals in each lens, instantly creating a near-focus zone. emPower! Not only gives you control over your vision, it also provides wider fields of view and less distortion than progressives.

The technology used is similar to that used in LCD televisions. Each of the lenses in emPower! Features a virtually invisible layer of liquid crystals that instantly adjusts and provides the user with a near-focus zone. The zones can be activated in two modes-manual and automatic. In manual mode, a touch of the temple triggers the near-focus zone, while another touch turns it off. A swipe of the temple activates the automatic mode, so the near focus zone turns on and off in response to up and down movements of the user’s head. A portable charger lets the user power emPower! For two-three days with a single charge.

THE GOD PARTICLE.... IS IT REAL???

2011-12-13T23:58:00.000+05:30

Scientists find signs of missing 'God particle'

The CMS, or Compact Muon Solenoid. It's one of the two general-purpose experiments at the Large Hadron Collider with which physicists hope to detect the Higgs boson.

If anyone has read the book named Angels and Demons the God Particle can be described as “Leonardo believed his research had the potential to convert millions to a more spiritual life. Last year he categorically proved the existence of an energy force that unites us all. He actually demonstrated that we are all physically connected . . . that the molecules in your body are intertwined with the molecules in mine . . . that there is a single force moving within all of us.”

Or the THE GENESIS from Bible in which the first line speaks that “Let there be light” and there was light. Which means that the matter was created out if nowhere which corrects the theory of THE BIG BANG. In order to prove the existence of the GOD PARTICLE one must create the miniature form of the BIG BANG using particle accelerators and collide the particle at high speed and observe the “events” that happen afterwards. However we not only get the matter but also its counter-particle which can be called as ANTIMATTER, a highly unstable substance which can create an annihilation when it comes in contact of matter.

So the scientists at the CERN, Geneva claims to have find the signs of missing God Particle. Higgs boson (sometimes nicknamed the "God particle" in popular media) is a hypothetical massive elementary particle that is predicted to exist by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. The Higgs boson is an integral part of the theoretical Higgs mechanism. If shown to exist, it would help explain why other particles can have mass. It is the only predicted elementary particle that has not yet been observed in particle physics experiments. Theories that do not need the Higgs boson also exist and would be considered if the existence of the Higgs Boson was ruled out. They are described as Higgsless models.

A simulated event, featuring the appearance of the Higgs boson.

Scientists at the CERN physics research centre near Geneva said, however, they had found no conclusive proof of the existence of the particle which, according to prevailing theories of physics, gives everything in the universe its mass.

"Physicists will have uncovered a keystone in the makeup of the Universe...whose influence we see and feel every day of our lives."

The leaders of two experiments, ALTAS and CMS, revealed their findings to a packed seminar at CERN, where they have tried to find traces of the elusive boson by smashing particles together in the Large Hadron Collider at high speed.

On 12 December 2011, the ATLAS collaboration at the LHC found that a Higgs mass in the range from 145 to 206 GeV was excluded at the 95% confidence level. On 13 December 2011, experimental results were announced from the ATLAS and CMS experiments, suggesting that if the Higgs Boson exists, it is probably limited to a range of 115–130 GeV at the 3.6 sigma level (ATLAS) or 117–127 GeV at the 2.6 sigma level (CMS), and indicating possible scope for a 124 GeV (CMS) or 125-126 GeV (ATLAS) Higgs.

The red lines show how the LHC's Atlas experiment registered the arrival of four particles called muons. They could have been the byproducts of a short-lived Higgs boson--or they could have been more humdrum events. CERN's LHC particle accelerator will continue smashing protons into each other to spot the statistical significance that means the Higgs really has been found.

"We observe an excess of events around mass of about 126 GeV," CERN physicist and Atlas leader Fabiola Gianotti said in slides presented today at a CERN seminar to physicists who applauded her results. That equates to about 212 quintillionths of a gram by comparison, a proton is more than 100 times lighter with a mass of 0.938GeV.

Her small sentence carries big import for physics. That's because the Higgs boson, thought by some to endow other particles with mass, is a key missing ingredient in physicists' understanding of what makes the universe tick. It's predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics, but no one has been able to confirm its existence or nature.

"The Higgs could be the first link in a chain of discovery. This is what we hope," said Guido Tonelli of the Universita degli Studi di Pisa and leader of the CMS project, in a news conference after the seminar. Another year of continued data gathering should be enough to provide a conclusive answer on this particular matter, the physicists said.

Gianotti called the findings "beautiful results" at the seminar, but stopped well short of declaring victory because there's not enough data for statistical certainty. "It's too early to draw definite conclusions...We believe we have built a solid foundation on the exciting months to come."

Finding the Higgs boson is essentially a matter of checking for a variety of events--or their absence. The LHC's detectors have been gradually ruling out ranges of possible mass for the Higgs boson.

The Higgs boson isn't observed directly, but rather is detected by extremely rare side effects of collisions between protons smashing into each other. To increase the likelihood of collisions, the LHC operators have been gradually increasing the beam intensity.

Gianotti also said the CMS results predict with a 95 percent confidence level that the Higgs boson has a mass between 115.5GeV and 131GeV.

Another experiment, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS), also helped narrow down the possible mass of the Higgs boson. Its results showed with a 95 percent confidence level that the particle can't be between 127GeV and 600GeV, Tonelli said.

The CMS experiment also found "a modest excess of events" that could be evidence of the Higgs boson between 115GeV and 127GeV, Tonelli said in a presentation at the seminar. "The excess is most compatible with a Standard Model Higgs hypothesis in the vicinity of 124GeV and below, but the statistical significance is not large enough to say anything conclusive."

One of the big mysteries that physicists hope to plumb with the Higgs is an idea called supersymmetry. The Standard Model predicts a wide range of particles, of which the Higgs is the last to be pinned down. But with supersymmetry, each of the conventional elementary particles in the standard model, including the Higgs, has a companion. If there's only one Higgs boson, it's part of the Standard Model. But with supersymmetry, there have to be at least five Higgs bosons. Supersymmetry would double the number of particles to resolve physics problems in a similar way that the prediction--and later discovery--of antimatter did decades ago.

If the Higgs boson weighs about 125GeV, it would match many physicists' general expectations--but also carry some importance. That's because it's at the light end of the range of possibilities, and physicists believe a particle that light needs another particle from the sypersymmetry collection to anchor it.

When it comes to mass, physicists liken the Higgs boson to groupies at a party. Heavy particles interact strongly with Higgs bosons, equivalent to a lot of people swarming a celebrity and making it harder for the famous person to start moving and, once moving, harder to stop. Particles with little mass are those that interact weakly with Higgs bosons, making them more fleet-footed.

"A heavier particle is nothing more that one than has more interactions with the Higgs particle as it passes through the vacuum," said Lawrence Sulak, chairman of Boston University's physics department.

If the Higgs boson is precisely measured in the next year, the LHC can be used to look further down the same pathway, Tonelli added, possibly finding supersymmetric particles--"if they are in the energy range of the LHC."

Such particles would likely be vastly heavier--many thousands, perhaps millions, of GeVs, he said.

That would be quite a coup: supersymmetric particles are a possible explanation for dark matter, material that in the universe outweighs the ordinary matter of which we're made but that generally interacts with ordinary matter only through gravitational pull.

To find harder particles, CERN plans an LHC upgrade that will let protons be smashed together at twice today's energy level. "Hopefully we'll explore a large region of masses," Tonelli said. And then, the supersymmetry work can begin in earnest. "A lot of parameters are still open, a lot of SUSY models are still open and are waiting to be excluded or confirmed," he said.

The LHC is a huge, phenomenally complex instrument built in a circular subterranean tunnel 27 kilometers in circumference. It can accelerate protons fast enough that, when they collide, they reproduce energy levels found only in the earliest moments of the universe after the Big Bang.

"We have had hints today of what its mass might be and the excitement of scientists is palpable. Whether this is ultimately confirmed or we finally rule out a low mass Higgs boson, we are on the verge of a major change in our understanding of the fundamental nature of matter.It can still happen that it is a fluctuation, but all we see from both experiments is compatible with what we would expect for a Higgs signal to build up," said Buchmueller.

"But we really need the data from next year to be sure of what we're seeing."

Source: Times Of India and news.cnet.com

TELECOM OFFERING SEA OF OPPORTUNITIES.

2011-12-08T12:32:00.000+05:30

TELECOM SECTOR TO PROVIDE TEN MILLION JOBS BY 2012

If there is one sector in India which is showing tremendous growth that can be the Telecom Industry. Being as a part of a developing nation and the modernisation of the users and Indian telecom industry has not only shown signs of profitability but also contributed significantly to the nation’s economy.

With over 892 million telecom subscribers, India is the fastest growing and the second-largest telecom market in the world. The future looks tremendously bright for this sector.

According to Prof. Sanjay Sharma, professor of ECE at Shobhit University, “The opportunities in the Indian communication sector have grown phenomenally over the last three years as has been surveyed by the ministry of communications and information technology in New Delhi recently.”

This technology has great leaps in the last decades like from 2.3% in 1999 to 4.8% in 2002. Around 300 million population of highly consumable middle-class is advantageous sector. Some of the Indian households that have landline telephones can replace these with mobile phones, which is very unlikely to happen in the developed countries. Therefore it adds up to the growth in the mobile sector in the Indian telecom industry.

In the same way the opportunities in telecom industry are increasing at the fast rate with the introduction of internet telephony service and a number of international long-distance services.

The recruitment trend in the telecom sector further confirms that this is the right time to become a part of this booming sector. According to a recent study by Pricewaterhouse Cooperation(PwC), the telecom sector in India will provide employment to around 10 million people by 2012. The sector will provide about 28,00,000 direct jobs and around 70,00,000 indirect jobs by next year. This study was conducted by Cellular Operators Association of India.

With the launch of 3G, WiMAX and the planning being done for 4G, there is a huge demand for qualified and skilled professionals with knowledge and technical know-how in these fields. Also, with the upcoming projects, the telecom sector wants more than 5000 trained and experienced radio frequency engineers.

The sector has been the largest of all the recruiters in the last decade and it is estimated that it will recruit more than 2,75,000 people by 2015. The demand will be mainly driven by Nokia Siemen, Ericson, GTL, Alcatel Lucent and Huawei, among others.

But what will the young engineers be getting out of this? That’s the main question. On an average, the sector offers a starting salary of Rs. 3,00,000 to Rs. 5,00,000 per annum while the expert professional could get Rs. 6,00,000 to Rs. 12,00,000 per annum. The industry is offering freshers competitive pay packages despite having to spend time and resources in training the manpower before they turn productive.

TECHNO NEWS.

2011-10-23T21:12:00.000+05:30

LED LIGHTS TO TRANSMIT DATA WIRELESSLY.

Till now LED's were used only for the purpose of illumination. But now Harald Haas, a professor of engineering at Edinburgh University, has discovered how LEDs can serve as wireless Internet access points. Car headlights, street lamps or any other lighting device used for communication by a a new networking technology named "Li-Fi".

Haas' D-Light system uses a mathematical trick called orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, which allows it to vary the intensity of the LED's output at a very fast rate, invisible to the human eye. The signal can be picked up by simple receivers.

As of now, the system has achieved data rates of upto 10Mbps(faster than a typical broadband connection), which is expected to reach 100Mbps by the end of this year.

RESEARCHERS COMBINE QUANTUM PROCESSOR WITH

QUANTUM MEMORY.

Matteo Mariantoni and his team of scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have combined a quantum processor with memory mechanism on a single chip. The quantum integrated circuit implements the quantum von Neumann architecture. In this architecture, a long-lived quantum random-access memory can be programmed using a quantum central processing unit, all constructed on a single chip, providing the key components for a quantum version of a classical computer.

The hardware is based on super-conducting quantum circuits, and must be cooled to very low temperatures to display quantum behaviour. The architecture represents a new paradigm in quantum information processing, and shows that quantum large scale integration within reach.

The quantum integrated circuit includes two quantum bits(qubits), a quantum communication bus, two bits of quantum memory and a resetting register comprising a simple quantum computer. The architecture explores the possibiltyof writing quantum information to memory, while simultaneously performing other calculations.

THE ALL NEW iPHONE 4S ON THE WAY....

2011-10-09T13:45:00.000+05:30

THE APPLE iPHONE 4S REMIND US OF THE LEGENDARY STEVE JOBS... R.I.P.

Apple’s fifth generation smartphone was unveiled today after months of speculations. No iPhone 5 as of now. Apple calls it the best iPhone ever, but, there have been negative impressions as well because everyone expected more.

iPhone 4S for sure packs a lot of punch and the negative feedbacks are because Apple raises the bar higher every time it launches a new iPhone. Lets look at our iPhone 4S review and see what it has to offer. Whether or not it meets your expectations, do let ME know.

1)DESIGN:

No changes in the design – exactly the same. Same materials, same look.

2)FEATURES:

i)SIRI-YOUR NEW ASSISTANT: AN AWESOME ADDITION

Siri will run only in the iPhone 4S (and presumably the iPad 2). Siri needs the faster A5 processor to run and that is available in only these 2 models. Siri on iPhone 4S lets you use your voice to send messages, schedule meetings, place phone calls, and more. It really understands natural language and follows complex commands. It’s conversational too, so it will reply back to you and you can reply back to it.

Siri also pulls information from Wikipedia and Wolfram Alpha to give you smart answers to your questions. You can even ask him for definitions, which Siri will read out loud.

Siri actually interprets what you are saying. You just talk to it like you would talk to another person. So instead of asking “tell me the weather today” you can just say “Do I need a raincoat?” and it will reply “It sure does look like rain today!” Or if you say “Wake me up tomorrow at 6am” it will automatically set up the alarm for you. Or “hey, remind me to buy milk later” and it will remind you to buy milk as you pass near a grocery store (Siri is location aware).

Siri writes and sends email messages and texts — and reads them to you, too. It searches the web for anything and everything you need to know. It plays the songs you want to hear. It helps you find your way and shows you around. It places calls. It schedules meetings. It helps you remember. And it wakes you up. Siri tells you almost everything.

Without any doubt, Siri is an awesome add. How efficient it is remains to be seen (it is still in Beta phase). More on what Siri can do for you is available on Apple.

ii) DUAL CORE A5 PROCESSER:

2 cores in the A5 chip deliver up to 2 times more power and up to 7 times faster graphics. It will make iPhone 4S quick and responsive. Pages load quicker. Gameplay is better. The A5 chip is also power-efficient – iPhone 4S has better battery life than its predecessors.

iPads had Dual Core A5 processor till now and the iPhones are getting Dual Core A5 for the first time. It will not be available in any other iPhone model. Also, it is critical to run Siri.

iii)NEW CAMERA:

There’s a new 8 MP camera in the iPhone 4S as compared to the 5 MP camera in iPhone 4. That is an increment of 60% pixels. Apart from having more pixels, it also has a CMOS backside illuminated sensor. According to Apple, you get 73% more light than the iPhone 4 sensor.

Apple has also remodeled the lens system, with five lens elements. The custom lens uses five precision elements to shape incoming light, which makes the entire image sharper. The larger f/2.4 aperture lets in more light, so photos look brighter. The camera system is also faster than the previous version.

Taking photos definitely got better with iPhone 4S.

iv)1080p HD VIDEO RECORDING:

iPhone 4S allows you to do 1080p HD video recording with image stabilization and temporal noise reduction. The advanced backside illumination sensor and larger aperture let in even more light. Improved auto white balance makes color even more accurate.

iPhone 4S automatically steadies shaky shots with video stabilization. You can shoot video right in the Messages app and send it through iMessage or as an MMS. You can attach it to an email or post it on Facebook or YouTube.

Creating videos definitely got better with iPhone 4S.

v)iOS5:

iOS 5 includes more than 200 new features for your iPad, iPhone, or iPod touch. Details available atApple. There is no denying that iOS 5 makes your iPhone further productive and powerful.iOS 5 is releasing on Oct. 12th and previous versions of iphone can also upgrade to iOS 5.

vi)iCLOUD:

iCloud can be used to stores your music, photos, apps, mail, contacts, calendars, documents, and more. And wirelessly push them to all your devices. It will be automatic, effortless, and seamless. iTunes will be moving over to iCloud. With iCloud, you can have iTunes automatically download new music purchases to all your devices the moment you tap Buy. You can also access past music and TV show purchases from any of your devices — wirelessly and without syncing.

Using iCloud Photo Stream, you can take a photo on one iOS device and it automatically appears on all your other devices, including your Mac or PC. More details of iCloud are available here.

vii)BETTER ANTENNA:

iPhone 4S is the first phone to intelligently switch between two antennas to transmit and receive, so call quality is better. It also doubles the maximum HSDPA data speeds to 14.4 Mbps.^This means faster connections, faster loading and reloading, and faster downloads. And iPhone 4S is a world phone, so you can use it almost anywhere. Whether you’re a GSM or CDMA customer, you can roam GSM networks in 200 countries around the world.

Overall, iPhone 4S is a very nice phone to have. Go for it. You’ll never regret it!

source:-http://www.survivalguide4idiots.com/iphone-4s-review-2.html

THE WORLD'S CHEAPEST TABLET LAUNCHED...

2011-10-05T19:41:00.000+05:30

AAKASH || A $35 TABLET MADE ITS WAY IN THE MARKET

India's finally got its much hyped ultra-low-cost tablet, Aakash. The government is buying the first units of the device for Rs 2250 each from a British company which is assembling the devices in India. They will initially be given to students for free in a pilot run of 100,000 units.

"The rich have access to the digital world, the poor and ordinary have been excluded. Aakash will end that digital divide," Telecoms and Education Minister Kapil Sibal said.

The tablet runs on Android 2.2 (Froyo) and comes with a 7-inch resistive touchscreen with 800x480 resolution and weighs 350 grams. The tablet also supports Wifi. The tablet has a 256MB of RAM, a 32GB expandable memory slot and two USB ports.

The tablet comes with a 12-month replacement warranty and supports formats like DOC, DOCX, PDF and PPTX etc. Aakash has a standard 3.5mm headphone jack.

The tablet has a 2100mAh battery which can reportedly last for 2-3 hours depending on the usage. The device is also said to be completely made in India, as according to a review, a sticker at the back emphasises the fact. Aakash also reportedly packs some pre-loaded apps, however, lacks the Android Market Place.

DataWind, the British-based company that developed the tablet, said the cost would drop when mass production begins. The tablet will be commercially available from November for Rs 2999. The commercial version of the tablet would have no duty waivers or subsidy, as in the government's version and come with added features like an inbuilt cellular modem and SIM to access internet.

Initial reactions to the Aakash were mixed, with the mainly middle-class technology department students at the event saying it needed refinement but was a good option for the poor.

"It could be better," said Nikant Vohra, an electrical engineering student. "If you see it from the price only, it's okay, but we have laptops and have used iPads, so we know the difference."

Some 19 million people subscribe to mobile phones every month, making India the world's fastest growing market, but most are from the wealthier segment of the population in towns.

India lags behind fellow BRIC nations Brazil, Russia and China in the drive to get its 1.2 billion population connected to technologies such as the Internet and mobile phones, according to a report by risk analysis firm Maplecroft.

The number of Internet users grew 15-fold between 2000 and 2010, according to another recent report. Still, just 8 per cent of Indians have access. That compares with nearly 40 per cent in China.

Some 19 million people subscribe to mobile phones every month, making India the world's fastest growing market, but most are from the wealthier segment of the population in towns.

Source:- Times Of India.

MOTOROLA DEFY || A TOUGH COMPETITOR TO APPLE AND HTC...

2011-10-03T18:02:00.000+05:30

MOTOROLA DEFY MAY TAKE OVER APPLE AND HTC!!!...

Motorola has come up with a brand new mobile phone in the market namely MOTOROLA DEFY. The cellphone is equipped with latest technologies with no compromise on the looks.

Here'a quick review:

Size:

The dimension of the phone are 107x59x13.4mm and the weight is 118 gm

Screen:

The screen is one thing with is the most attractive feature of the phone. With its TFT capacitive touchscreen and 16M colors Motorola Defy comes with Gorilla Glass display which give the full scratch less touchscreen experience. Other screen features include Touch sensitive controls, MOTOBLUR UI with Live Widgets, Multi-touch input method, Accelerometer sensor for UI auto-rotate and Proximity sensor for auto turn-off.

Memory:

The phone comes with 2GB internal storage and 512MB RAM. The external memory can be extended to 32GB through a microSD slot with 2GB included.

Data:

The phone supports GPRS, Edge, Wifi, 3G, Bluetooth, Infrared and USB port.

Camera:

A 5MP camera with 2592x1944 pixels along with auto focus and LED flash. Other features include Geo-Tagging and image stabilization. Video features include VGA recording at the rate of 30fps.

Other features are as follows:

Operating system:- Android OS, v2.1 (Eclair), upgradable to v2.2

CPU:- 800MHz Cortex-A8 processor, TI OMAP3610 chipset

Messaging:- SMS (threaded view), MMS, Email, IM, Push Email

Games and Apps:- Yes + downloadable.

More Info:- Dustproof and water-resistant, Digital compass, MP3/WAV/WMA/AAC+ player, MP4/WMV/H.263/H.264 player, Google Search, Maps, Gmail, YouTube, Google Talk, Facebook, Twitter, MySpace integration, Document viewer, Flash Lite, Photo viewer/editor, Organizer, Voice memo/dial/commands, Active noise cancellation with dedicated mic, Predictive text input.

It has a standard Li-Po 1540mAh battery which gives standby time upto 238 hours and Talk time upto 6 hours and 48 minutes.Battery:

SHOPPER'S ARENA || THE APPLE'S iMAC 21 ON ITS WAY TO BREAKTHROUGH GADGET MARKET....

2011-10-02T21:24:00.000+05:30

THE APPLE'S iMAC21 - ULTIMATE PC FOR THE NEW GENERATION!!

The Apple iMac 21 is the all-in-one desktop that most every PC maker has been trying to emulate in the recent rash of all-in-one desktops. The ultimate PC that keeps the recent technology in it, let it be the graphics, the processor, the wireless technology everything is paired in it. It is one of a kind PC that every compny has been trying to make and to reach its mark. But no one’s yet been able to match both the style and performance of Apple’s flagship desktop line. And with its latest update of the iMac, Apple continues to aggressively re-invent itself by updating its design and lowering prices, without forgetting about performance.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Build:

The new iMacs keep their brushed aluminium physique as great as edge-to-edge potion screen. The usually shift to a bodywork is which a Mini DisplayPort is transposed by a brand brand brand brand brand brand brand new Thunderbolt port. The SD label reader right away supports a SDXC format, yet is still uncomfortably tighten to a visual expostulate slot.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Screen

It’s a 21.5-inch, IPS LED-backlit widescreen, with glorious observation angles as great as glorious colour reproduction. Its 1920×1080 pixel resolution’s sufficient for full HD, as great as a 1000:1 contrariety comparative measure gives we some-more colourful colours as great as deeper blacks. Our usually censure is it’s really glossy, which can equates to problems with shade glare.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Performace

The performance is all better from its previous version. It incorporated a 2.5 Ghz Intel Core i5 processor. Talking about the graphics we have AMD Radeon HD 6750M, 512MB GDDR5 Graphics giving gaming a whole new experience. We have Doom 3 runs during a peppery 169.7 frames a second, with a some-more complicated Call of Duty 4 handling over 86 FPS. The new iMac does not compromise on the performance at all as we see.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Storage Capacity

The new iMAc 21 comes with 2 options of storage capacity as in 500 GB or 1 TB.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Accessories

The brand new iMac removes the mesh of wires when a desktop PC is concerned. The keyboard, the mouse is all but totally WIRELESS! Couldn't this be more amazing? Yes it totally is! Anyways The space of Central Processing Unit(CPU) is also saved. The CPU is incorporated in the screen portion itself making it the most compact desktop there is.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Connections

Once again, a 2011 iMac gives us a inexhaustible 4 USB 2.0 ports as great as a singular FireWire 800 port. USB 3.0 as great as a rumoured FireWire 1600 unsuccessful to have an appearance, yet a Thunderbolt pier some-more than creates up for this. twelve times faster than FireWire 800 as great as over twenty times quicker than USB 2.0, it can be used for video as great as data. You can bond a second arrangement to your Thunderbolt port, as great as even couple it to a MacBook Pro to have have make use of of of your iMac as a shade for your notebook.

Apple iMac 21.5-inch: Other Features

Built-in Wi-Fi
High-speed 802.11n wireless technology is built into iMac. And with Time Capsule or the AirPort Express Base Station, every computer in every room can wirelessly connect to iMac, the Internet, and each other. Over this network, everyone can print, surf the web, and play music on iTunes through your home stereo--wirelessly.

iSight Webcam
Hidden behind the glass display at the top of iMac is an iSight camera. Use it with iChat, and you can be anywhere without actually being there. Video chat with up to three of your friends, share a video with a colleague, or present to a client. Use iSight with Photo Booth for fun photo effects. And there's no need to waste valuable primping time installing software or configuring the camera.

Pre-Loaded with Mac OS X Snow Leopard and iLife '09
Every Mac comes with Mac OS X Snow Leopard, the world's most advanced operating system, and iLife, Apple's innovative suite of applications for managing photos, making movies and creating and learning to play music. Snow Leopard builds on a decade of OS X innovation and success with hundreds of refinements, new core technologies and out of the box support for Microsoft Exchange. iLife features iPhoto, to easily organize and manage photos; iMovie with powerful easy-to-use new features such as Precision Editor, video stabilization and advanced drag and drop; and GarageBand which introduces a whole new way to help you learn to play piano and guitar.

Installed software
* Mac OS X v10.6 Snow Leopard (includes Time Machine, Quick Look, Spaces, Spotlight, Dashboard, Mail, iChat, Safari, Address Book, QuickTime, iCal, DVD Player, Photo Booth, Front Row, Xcode Developer Tools)
* iLife '09 (includes iPhoto, iMovie, GarageBand, iWeb, iDVD)

Environmentally Friendly Design
Because Apple designs both hardware and software, we can reduce our environmental footprint in ways others can't. For starters, a highly efficient power supply reduces the amount of power wasted when bringing electricity from the wall to your Mac. Unlike a lot of PCs, a Mac uses energy-efficient hardware components that work hand in hand with the operating system to conserve power--even between keystrokes.

A Mac also doesn't contain a lot of toxic materials. All Mac displays are mercury and arsenic free, and the internal components are free of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs).

Efficient Power Supply
The iMac includes a highly efficient power supply that reduces the amount of power wasted when bringing electricity from the wall to your computer. Lower power consumption reduces energy bills and lessens the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions from power plants.

Advanced Power Management
Unlike a lot of Windows-based PC systems, iMac uses energy-efficient hardware components that work hand in hand with the operating system to conserve power. Mac OS X spins down hard drives and activates sleep mode on already energy-efficient LED-backlit displays. And it balances tasks across both central processors and graphics processors. Mac OS X never misses a power-saving opportunity, no matter how small. It even regulates the processor between keystrokes, reducing power between the letters you type. That's just one of many ways Apple manages small amounts of power that add up to big savings.

ENERGY STAR Qualification
The iMac meets the stringent low power requirements set by the EPA, making it ENERGY STAR qualified. ENERGY STAR 5.0 sets significantly higher efficiency limits for power supplies and aggressive limits for the computer's typical annual power consumption

Keeping all of this stuff in mind the price of this brand new awesome PC starts from £999.

In India the price is in following two ways:

21.5-inch iMac (2.5GHz Intel Core i5, 500GB HDD and Radeon HD 6750M Graphics) Price: Rs. 64,900.

21.5-inch iMac (2.7GHz Intel Core i5, 1TB HDD and Radeon HD 6770M Graphics) Price: Rs.79,900.

HONDA BRIO IN INDIA....

2011-10-01T12:29:00.000+05:30

HONDA LAUNCHES BRIO; TO COMPETE WITH WagonR, i10.

Making its maiden entry into the "volumes car" market Japanese automobile major Honda today launched Brio priced between Rs. 3.95 lakh and Rs. 5.1 lakh.

The company has manufactured Brio especially for India. "With Brio, we will be entering a new segment for the first time in India. It has been designed and developed specially to meet the needs od customers here", said by HSCI President and CEO Takashi Nagai.

Its the first small car which Honda has launched anywhere in the world. The Brio will be available in four variants.

Honda Brio E:

Engine:1198(cc) 1.2 L VTEC

Average: 16

Fuel Type: Petrol

Price: Rs. 3,95,000

Honda Brio S:

Engine:1198(cc) 1.2 L VTEC

Average: 16

Fuel Type: Petrol

Price: Rs. 4,35,000

Honda Brio S(optional):

Engine:1198(cc) 1.2 L VTEC

Average: 16

Fuel Type: Petrol

Price: Rs. 4,90,000

Honda Brio V:

Engine:1198(cc) 1.2 L VTEC

Average: 16

Fuel Type: Petrol
Petrol: Rs. 4,90,000

Honda Brio Interiors- Honda Brio is beautiful car; if you are looking for quality small cars then Honda Brio will be the best choice for you. It is an excellent 4 door hatchback which can easily accommodate 5 passengers at a time. The seats inside the car look tiny yet it can give enough room to feel comfy.

Honda Brio Engine- Honda Brio will be equipped with a 1.2-litre VTEC petrol engine (similar to Honda Jazz). The company is also plans to increase 1 liter motor in the future. It comes with 1197 cc of displacement which will have an aptitude to churn out maximum peak power of 88 PS at 6000 rpm and torque of 109 Nm at 4600 rpm.

Honda Brio Exteriors- Honda Brio is smaller than Maruti Swift and it looks unique from the rear side because of all-glass stalk. The car is pretty with its aerodynamic design; the front look is amazing with its chrome strip and Honda badge on the grille. The attention-grabbing part is its shoulder line which starts at the C-pillar and flies down to meet the front wheel arch line and it continues to meet top edge. The large Trapezoid is designed in such a way where Air intake is easy. Overall the car is aggressive.

Honda Brio Safety Features -Honda is popular for giving best to its customers in terms of safety. Honda Brio is also expected to loaded with some advance safety features like TCS (traction control system), IVSP( Intelligent vehicle stability program) and It has two Airbags on front seats in order to guarantee safety if any collision occurs.

Honda Brio Competitors - Honda Brio will compete with the models like Chevrolet Beat, Toyota Etios Liva, Maruti Swift, Hyundai i20 and the upcoming Maruti Cervo in Indian market.

All in all its a perfect economy car, a small car launched specifically for Indian roads. The car was launched on 27 september where it was given positive reviews. The car has a reasonable price and can be thought into buying.

A BREAKING DISCOVERY SHAKING THE VERY FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN PHYSICS.

2011-09-24T10:49:00.000+05:30

NEUTRINOS TRAVELLING FASTER THAN LIGHT CHALLENGE EINSTEIN's THEORY OF RELATIVITY!!!

Subatomic Neutrino Track

Albert Einstein "THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY" is considered as a fundamental pillar in modern physics. But now the scientists say that the result that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light could be proved wrong.

Scientists at CERN (The European Organisation of Nuclear Research), which host the world's largest physics laboratory at Franco-Swiss border claim that they have recorded subatomic particles, known as Neutrinos, travelling faster than the speed of light.

CERN says as part of its OPERA experiment , a neutrino beam fired from a particle accelerator near Geneva to a lab 730km away in Italy travelled 60 nanosecond faster than the speed of light. It is revealed that neutrinos travel at a velocity of 20 parts-per-million above the speed of light.

If the findings are correct, it would force a major rethink of the fundamental laws of nature, including how the universe works. Given the potential far-reaching consequences of such a result, CERN has decided to hold an open house shortly in which scientists can refute or confirm the result based on their measurements.

If the result is confirmed, it might change our view of physics, but we need to be sure that there are no other, more mundane experiments.

Even the CERN scientists are "flabbergasted" by the claim and are waiting for other to verify the results again before claiming a discovery.

"The feeling that most people have is this can't be right, this can't be real," said James Gillies, a CERN spokesman.

After the experiment the scientists at Fermilab in Chicago have promised to start such a work immediately. He said, "Its a shock. It's going to cause us problems, no doubts about that- if its true."

Given the enormous implications of the find, the scientists will still spent months checking and rechecking their results to make sure there was no flaws in the experiments. The CERN researchers are now looking to the US and JAPAN to confirm the results.

"The results comes as a complete surprise", said Antonio Erediatato, the spokesperson of the OPERA experiment. "After many months of studies and cross checks, we have not found any instrumental effect that could explain the result of the measurement."

CERN said a series of high precision measurements of the distance between the source and the detector, and of the neutrinos' time of flight will be conducted.

To know about CERN and OPERA experiment follow these links..
CERN.
OPERA experiment.

SHOPPER'S ARENA....

2011-09-23T12:33:00.000+05:30

TOUCH SCREEN PORTABLE MEDIA PLAYER!!!...

The ZebMate 3.0

Zebronics has added a touchscreen model to its category of media players.

The 52gm ZebMate Cinema 3.0+ supports 720p HD video and has an inbuilt 4GB storage(expandable up to 16GB). The lithium-polymer battery allows uninterrupted playback for 9.5 hours and video playback for 2.5 hours. The 7.6cm(3 inch) color TFT screen has 400x240-pixel resolution.

The player has a glossy-black front panel and a metallic finish on the back panel. Measuring only 11 mm in width, it has a size and styling similar to a contemporary cellphone. The sound is audiophile-quality with full controls allowing users to customise the listening experience.

The ZebMate 4.3!!!...

After the ZebMate 3.0 we have the ZebMate 4.3. It features excellent sound quality with premium design and advanced features. It weighs just 128 grams and equipped with a 4.3-inch touch screen with 260K colors and 480 x 272 pixel widescreen resolution. The benefit of high resolution is that the clarity is awesome that it makes the videos looks like real. The inbulit memory is 8GB and expandable momory with a micro-SD card slot makes users to store huge collection of their favourite songs on their media player. The player is designed for the style conscious people, it is packed in a elegant smoked black colour body with a sturdy build.

It has a TV-out feature and inbuilt speakers to enjoy digital media content such as HD Videosat 720p definition on any large screen like TV. The player comes with USB2.0 interface to communicating with computer and transferring data. The media playe delivers long battery life of up to 13 hours for audio playback and 4 hours for video playback. So that users can enjoy movie for long time without a break.

It also features FM radio, photo viewing, e-book, voice recorder and built-in games. Zebronics had crafted its touch-screen interface user friendly media player with awesome features that people from all ages would love to use it.