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tourists happy and have a steady stream of income and employment. It already has experience in the travel industry, such as expectations of tourists to meet. This is the reason, employers looking for candidates to demonstrate curiosity Travel conferences on career development and progress.

An introduction to the industry of Travel and Tourism is normally exist at the beginning of the career of Travel classes of development. Students learn to start, and they learn the nature of the companies in this industry. They also received information about places and events that tourists. Airlines, air travel, and travel agents have been introduced so that students can choose where they prefer to work not only that, they are also with the land and sea travel will focus on guided buses, rail systems and cruise ships. The advantages and disadvantages of each transport system are discussed in detail in these classes, so that future employees are able to provide accurate information to customers.

While tourists will continue to come, the travel industry continues to grow to offer more employment opportunities. In this context, customer safety and comfort are a priority in this area. Therefore, a trip includes a motel career development class, hotel and resort sales and service delivery. A fine travel agency recognizes the individual needs of each client, and as his career progresses, he will be able to add and holiday deals in planning services.

’s grade, Travel agents are trained to convey to manage the review of career development trip by the Institute of Certified Travel Agents.

prospective agents can start in this profession by enrolling in a course centering in the level positions. Advanced courses that educate students on the requirements of customers in the ways and desires of customers. It is always an advantage if you are a human being acquires. However, something more is needed. A travel agent should also know how to deal with clients and customers angry and mad when he can avoid the travel agents to aid professional development.

students in a course of professional development trip are trained to keep an eye for identifying targets and things that would make major tourist attractions. You must show great skill in customer service and sales and marketing to succeed in the business world.
It is a variety of organizations, colleges and universities, classes for career development trip to give people who want a career in the travel industry. Searching the Internet may offer or request a brochure, several schools, traditional courses or schools.

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Santiago Aramburu and
Gonzalo Casanova Ferro

For ever students

There are several theories to explain the origin of tourism. Some of them result from an anthropological fate, others speak of a psychological motivation and finally others try to impose a historical reading.

From this last trend other variants also spring, two main lines through the theoretical framework of those who dare to raise a hypothesis that frequent these lines: there are those who are the first tourists to the ancient pilgrims who attempted d examine some of the world? identify? s seven wonders, those medieval people who tried to visit the holy places and finally declare that those who should determine this current, we believe that the first tourists were students. Strictly speaking: â? Graduatesâ ????. They thought so, XVII century upper middle class people of London, once they have completed their studies, they began a journey around the opening of the great capitals of Europe, a precursor of the â? ? Grand Tour? . This was not a hobby or entertainment related activity, but a means to complete their studies, it consisted of knowing the people and the markets later thanks to a professional agreement in a better way.

Anyway, here and around the world, tourism as we know it today emerged in the twentieth century.

Have been the beginning, perhaps, Travel tourism is a product of a mana rich? S eccentricity. An elite? S privilege associated with a desire for adventure, recreation, or simply a means to alleviate the upper classes of boredom. But after 30 years in place, it was not long until a time in which he described as a right of the working class family, right to the so-called welfare state y focused on a? Sunny beach? Supports get distribution? ? Products (season-rigid, ill-informed people) oriented. And so, finally, the NTE (New Era Tourism), which combines and exceeds the two stages (large market segmentation, specialized products, safety of tourists, sustainability awareness, etc..)

The paradox implies that the recovery in tourism history, the old European habit again, as a legal category and market, in such a landscape of the south that we could even say that conditions would be more accurate, it is not free of light and shadow.

We will fight to analyze what is a tourism student in Argentina, his players and said: what is their role, through the most difficult cases and possible solutions.

Contrary to our country in the world, expressions such as â? Students Tourisma? or? Students Travel? may represent:

A) Each student will travel by teachers with an educational character;
B) organizations for a certain segment of the university (including teachers) ready to drive everywhere, usually abroad, and in general to study the reasons
C) students and groups of specialists, if the historical sites, museums, parks, monuments and important natural environment, beaches, mountains, you decide to visit, organized, meadows, etc., and allowing them to Places near work and know they are little known through statements Play
D) young people have learned from information on the Internet, the motivation to live in a globalized society, and to combine their experience of adventure travel, study, work and rest to organize. Go to a part of an international community on a journey

What is one? Student Tourism? Argentina?

After the dictation of the early 25 Act 599, are themselves as such, be understood in the art. 2Â º noting that:

â? To understand the impact of existing law, then a student travel:

a) Study: Training activities that schools proposed integrated program, which are organized and controlled by the authorities and teachers of the institution concerned;
b) Graduate Travel: Tourism activities to celebrate the completion of an education or career, with parents or guardians of students participating in recreational activities and amusement park, organized by independent schools the proposed curriculum and performance without affecting the desired minimum of days after visiting the school calendar each educational competence. Â ????< br />

Needless to say that the current definition has been the subject of sharp criticism. On the one hand, it seems exaggerated, without warning, including study tours, as a stricter interpretation would be the norm was to travel to school with them are mediated by a travel agency, regardless of their length or distance. One the other hand, in the analysis of the second clause states that the “formula? Parents and students to participate tutorsâ? Is being opened, leading to confusion or ambiguity. Be that it may be, it is not our intention to resolve here, but only explained that perhaps reconsider this standard requires, above all that certain.

However, the â? Student Tourism? Category is a legislative body in the form of Argentina, which in other countries, or for a mistake? Youth Tourisma ????, provides holidays for this segment, or? Tourisma covers exchange student? ?, That students of different nationalities, the transfer is received from one place to another, the experience of a foreign language disorder, or the education system. What we call “student tourism”, on the other, contains a highly unusual, even if they travel to study and graduate, is very satisfied with this last category, associated with the winter season and a single goal: Bariloche concentrated.
For decades, the fate of tourism “student” San Carlos de Bariloche in the province of Rio Negro was. Today, nobody doubts his position relative to the travel of students, particularly for the second cycle (Polimodal or secondary) of our educational system. This, without detriment to lose in the future for the market economy or monetary reasons, his leadership position when it comes to new targets for the current segment.

It offers the same attractions than any other urban center: the accommodation options of good varieties gastronimy, dance classes, etc., but combined with a natural setting preferred. Founded in 1902, with a drawing by the architect Alejandro Bustillo in the 30 improved in the city rose from the surrounding beauty of the Nahuel Huapi National Park, the mountainous geography, many lakes and forests, it is ideal for skiing, climbing fall, trekking and similar activities.
In the early 60s to leave the town, the Bavarian Alps to it by the German architect styleimprinted hackers and their vertical development began7. The 70s and 80s have been supported to achieve the placement of diversity in the sporting environment for major airlines, there was an opportunity to travel to higher education. His leadership Reamin since, despite the interval of time because of growing economic environment in which we (with international destinations, especially Brazil) or in time of crisis, like today, when options such competitors seconds that cordobae Villa Carlos Paz. Despite, Bariloche is now in winter (June / July flood), coinciding with school holidays in most countries.

Applicants and their roles

There are five candidates, which is on the rental of “Student Development Travel Services”

Schools
Students (and their legal representatives, parents or guardians)
Service back to sleep /
renderer
Agencies authorized to operate with “Student Tourism”
National Secretary of Tourism
The local tourism

In general, schools are affected by the degree travel how to deal with a problem that requires special treatment.

At one end, and not their responsibility, the sponsor, not only are not permitted into the facility, but also parents and pupuils informed that the service made its own responsibility and risk, moreover, takes the participation of teachers and Travel If falls on working days (except during winter vacation), absenteeism was recorded.

Moderate positions do not seek to intervene in the negotiations, but to serve the trajectory of the agency / s, instead. They suggest the involvement of not only teachers but also parents and caregivers, and assistance to the group of students who are on the road.

Finally, as an exception, there are institutions that contradict the art. 1 of 18 829 travel agencies of law and art. 18 of Resolution 118/05 organize their own trips graduates, will normally cover the hands of a few teaching methods or agents, “undermining institutional Furda. 118/05 spectral resolution considered an exception in his art. 17 and It is proposed that the journey should take only one day and he does not spend the night.

Since the payment of such travel is by installments during the year, students begin to explore in cantract agencies during this period. In this sense, the experience of graduates is the same year is important for them usually, but not determinig support. Some groups and others say yes to a consensus with the parents. In Argentina, the age of consent is 21 and only in exceptional cases, certain actions are allowed 18th Check the average age of students who usually travels under that age, and become their parents or guardians legal, which usually end up signing contracts with agencies. It is also permitted in certain HTE Educational Travel in the age of 14.

Go back to sleep service providers are direct managers of the hotel operators, restaurateurs, SKII teachers, trainers, photographers, etc., the Agency considers a business relationship with them, they almost always dependent on them in a better way to allow financing volume and OT continuity. The â? Optional? Appeals (which is all sold and the address of the students) in fact an important part of the company. It goes without saying that in many cases, the economic situation (in particular) say currency types may be neglected for the determination of sleep again distorting local market or weakness in the Argentine agencies in the segment of the work students.

To run the agency in a position in the Argentine territory, it must respond to a temporary or permanent license, certain requirements: to obtain coverage
Have A) into a functional structure, ie, facilities and at least one shall record the contract (tourism PHB), which is responsible for technical aspects of the journalists.
B) the appropriate permits and the precariousness of the provisional license.
C) it is or owners of businesses have no criminal record or business, which prevent them from trading.
D) the definition of a guarantee of the rule by an insurance bond depanding on agencia TIPE and location.
E) And finally, the holder will be registered as a broker when it comes to being a single operator or activity in the objects described in the case of a partnership.

The travel agent tried to fill in more Travel must first receive a â? National Certificate of Approval for Student Tourism Agenciesâ ????, which means they also have a life, personal injury, civil liability and provide additional insurance for health care in full for each member of each quota of risk students, from beginning to end travel covers. On the other hand, they must also submit an annual affidavit containing the following information:

 a) personal business? Main and branches, waiting in that environment,
indicated on the student-tourist area, with personal data and function;
b) the name, date of birth, identification number and address of the person to stand and therefore will coordinate and monitor the performance compromise of travel destinations. You must include the address of each exist, they will operate.
c) programs. Sinthesi A brief description of services that will ensure that the names and addresses of various services back to sleep:
Hotels, airlines and those taken for travel and a clear set of seats with each contract. Brochures and promotional material must be accompanied
d) A list of persons responsible for the coordination of objectives and coordinator of the group must be over 21, with name, identification number and address, schooling, years in the service of society;
;
e) A list of the institution of any company name, they must be aged 18 years, the ID number and address, training, years in the service of society;
f) a person who contracts to sign.
The agency g) The holder must be a certified copy of the contract model, leading them to use for the sale of services;
h) Insurance for liability, personal accident and medical care;
i) All services for the current year, a programmed? sold or reserved, indicating the probable date of departure of the troops, educational institution to which they belong, are transported to their destination, they are placed in the hotel, they will use, and all services that come with their certificate jurisdiction of the CNRT. You must clearly specify the quality, type and category of miscellaneous services. Similarly, unless there is the question of the year to begin, they must submit a report containing details of the statistical activities of the previous year.

8 Although the resolutions speak of categories from organizers and dealers, not necessarily how the classes together since the decrees 2182/72 must be interpreted that Act 18 applies. 829, which only examined three types of organizations: Tourism and Travel Company (TTC), Tourism Agency (TA) and Mapping Agency (TA).
9 The regulations do not include the terms acount belonging to certain restrictions to minors and insurance business operating in the background.
As already mentioned, trade procedures is slightly ahead, and documented, in fact, standardized general, the model can be downloaded from Internet10.

Given the Law11 National Tourism and the National Student Law12 Tourism, the National Secretary of Tourism is the enforcement authority. He is responsible for establishing national policies for the activity under the Federal Strategic Plan for Sustainable Tourism. It is against this institution, that organizations need these licenses, it is the body that acts as a controller with files and be able to penalties for violation and / or enforce standards that determine the ads that the business certifications to the extent of being able to terminate immediately, provided the transgressors.

The local tourism authorities have often behave more power than the DC tourist destination and in some provinces, the Department has terminated in effect. Therefore, in many countries are inspectors htemselves local authority and control not only agencies but also hotels, restaurants and other local dance and fell asleep. In the case of the right of San Carlos de Bariloche city hall three standards:

â? ¢ 1396-CM-04 Byelaws whose terms and scope of an organization? Student Tourism Services Certificate? it provides to the borrowing company.
â? ¢ 39-I-06 Byelaws, which imposes a statutory declaration with suppliers and customers.
â? ¢ 1026-I-06 Byelaws, which calls for a replay of the entry in the AFIP.

So far, everything seems to be considered and controlled; nevetheless market conditions may sometimes be unpleasant surprises to leave the companies abandoned for uncertain reasons, Travel and hundreds of tourists stranded or.

Agencies Strict and proportionate to collapse due to fraud or abuse are not so many. Out of three thousand eight hundred agencies kicks are qualified only two hundred and fifty to eight13 â? Students Commerce Tourism? 14, and from the average one to two per year within five years of record lat falls suddenly for reasons mentioned above, although the feeling of impunity and no cause of tribulation such situations, the company , together with the mass media multiplier effect of creating a sort of public outrage, quite understandable.
We describe, and four cases (probably learned the most important), where the civil administration seems how different crises were resolved by the agencies that caused the operating system unexpectedly. Thus, preventive measures on the
Companies, regardless of current and about to leave, passengers, coordination with
directly back to sleep and local authorities, negotiations with other agencies, etc.

be
10 www. turismo. gov. ar
11 Ley 25th
997
12Ley 25e 599
13 figures of January 2006 provided by Secretaria de Turismo of nacía ³ n (Argentina).
14 Bulletin N º 196 de CÃ ¡mara Argentina de Turismo (CAT) 12/10/2005 cites a report by the Secretaria de Turismo de Rio Negro, â? The leaders of the previous transaction will not survive as the Río de la Plata and El RÃ ¡pido of the Argentine economic crisis and today, companies that bring the most students (Bariloche) are rock and bus trips Flecha who will receive services and 40% of studentsâ ????.

not optimized, because she sees the legislation as a tool or an adjustment retaining wall for this type of situation, but because tourism has phase and continuity in state policy does not allow. What concerns us is prepared to prodeedings they had no correlation normative and therefore â? Solve it? has been operating for more than institutional.

The RA-o de la Plata Inc.

Case
Río de la Plata Inc. were two companies: Transportation Inc., and Rio de la Plata, Río de la Plata Tourism Inc. both had a permit to travel agent, but was withdrawn in 1997 first, and only the latter was running. Río de la Plata Tourism Inc., had not only the prestige long on the market, but also an infrastructure that allowed for the transport and hotel services are, with their own units and accommodation.

In August 2002, an incident in the fall has been hailed a major player in tourism student. A group of parents, pupils and teachers took possession of the Río de la Plata inBuenos Aires construction company following the announcement that they would not be able to travel the next day by a bus crash.

Twenty-four hours later, the problem has been resolved, but doubts were already there.

In November 2002, and in particular two of the hotels in Rio (Austonia Inn and Austonia III) Union workers went on strike, and this led to a series of injuries to students who are already at the destination. Reports were given directly to the Hotel San Carlos de Bariloche city and the National Tourism Secretary (since the hotel is managed by local expertise and agencies Journey “) is at the federal level. Strikers same threatened to block access routes for buses river.

The decision companyA by a sudden change in the management and closure of several branches caused by administrative initiaion in December of this year, in January 2003, it was clear that the company was unable to face services, Minister of Tourism, a precausionary measure15: remain operational, without prejudice to satisfy the demand that the agency created in office, but a limitation in the future in the file. Until then, suspected fraud was obvious to everyone, and even criminal intervened16.

The mass media and the issue of wealth companyA facts made for a national environmental policy to overcome the input is not only the agenda of several members, but also in the President (Dr. Eduardo Duhalde) because it deviates Council Bariloche City Hall invited the manage17 resolve the conflict with the Río de la Plata workers, which was the entire city under their control.

Passengers who have not traveled, have been supported by other agencies, accepts that in some cases, a portion of previous payments, and other cases have been negotiating for either day or stay for the quantity of services or both.

15 Order 79/03.
16 National Criminal Court No. 31 No. 119 secretary.
17 Resolution No. 004-PCM-2003.
In the hotel auctions in November 2003 came from the working area of Rio launched Negro18 addressed, but it was not until September 19, 2005 that bankruptcy was petitioned19.

The Lapa Estudiantil Inc. Case â? Air-generation

LAPA was a single company, but from two different Coporation, Inc. LAPA LAPA Estudiantil Inc.

In early 2003 the financial roumors airlines are quite alarming manifestations of workers arrived quickly. After some board members were reasons in the price of aviation fuel will be found, or bogs said that the taxes on them, the taxes they and other airlines left far from the profitabiliy line (already difficult to achieve for all aerospace companies).

The responses of public bodies to this situation were not similar. The Minister of Transport, was Shichen perhaps the most appropriate place for the proposal, an alternative has remained calm, while the Secretary General Turim, by contrast, chose deferthe extension of the allowance for tourism students, (a method of prevention for such cases).

In May, the documents dramatically â? A privately held company and the managers of a company disappeared without explanation? LAPA 1200 could leave their children without TravelA diploma? 20. None of them were exactly disappeared nor administrators nor students were left without their journey, in fact, in October the same year (paying the difference between $ 85 and provisions) made by the Secretary of Tourism last travelled21 quota, but before those results, which come and go between the tragic and grotesque oscilated.

Provide parents to protest outside the headquarters Scretary Tourism Board, licensees and consumers in the province of Buenos Aires, negotiating and demanding a solution from the National Executive Power, by Aeroandina (companyA reinvest the principal shareholder ) and renew the flights, if and only if the government blocked its fuel prices (U $) $ 85 by LT, so they scale the rate of 20% to 22 increase, preventive license23 their stay for a long series of irregularities which are held by society, journalists, hopeless bankruptcy proceedings for insolvency24 committed to the uncertainty of what would be paid part of the General Counsel, and was afraid that the rest say, and l opening of a permanent criminal record.

18 Nair, Marco Aguilar and other deportation Automotores Río SA and another with no records.
19 National Trade Court N º 25 Secretariat 50th
20 Claran newspaper, 24/5/2003, Constanza Dura ¡n.
21 newspapers Claran Otra empresa 2/10/2003 chicos se hizo cargo of 800
Graduates who are not satisfied by the journey of LAPA.
22 Tour Messenger Newspapers Feliz domingo para todos 9th June 2003
23 Directive 487/03 of the Secretaria de Turismo of nacía ³ n
24 It is only March 8, 2004 that dictated the National Trade Court N º 14 Secretary 28, the company `s bankruptcy.
All these parties have a tremendous waste of effort and provide answers and is also due to a civil complaint and the willingness of some officers.

The 5 areas

Case
Same as above, but Cinco Zonas SRL (five zones was limited company) a society in organizing trips for graduates of high level expert technique.

They are operating normally and had no criminal record too which leads us to see what happened later. Moreover, the paradox is that managers are looking companyA six reports to various agencies to meet the current had brought tourism standards.

She had 7 branches throughout the country, a more or less solid implies, for a year to mobilize, and they also have a large number of students. And after you fall asleep, they do not have large sums of money.

Then, when least expected, as did the unexpected, a weekend at the headquarters is located in Ciudad Autónoma de Bs. Like. and 7 branches in the cities awarded Gran Bs, Was Cordoba, Salta and Mendo completely emptied without warning.

In December 2005, Monday 19 each newspaper has mentioned the disappearance of the Cinco Zonas manager, without a trace, who left their offices completely empty. Very surprising for students, parents, back to sleep, authorities and employees who were afraid of reprisals, managers companyA disappeared, leaving behind more than 850 children from San Carlos de Bariloche city and no way back. It must travel to passengers on the other, and a few others around 1200th Those who had already begun, should make the rate of travel in 2006 to pay.

Released the same day, confirmed the news to include the National Secretary of Tourism of the above situation by inspection and reported a loss of license for failure companyA operating structure (N 156/03) resolution, try directly to the situation.

What later happened was constant and parents and students of public complaints, especially in the province of Cordoba, as most students were injured from there.

In less than a week later, students who are in the city of Bariloche and those on the trip to see the ability to make their dreams become reality. Some tourism companies who spoke National Secretary of Tourism and the Tourism Agency of Cordoba (organ of the province’s tourism sector), in addition to achieving the Cinco Zonas contracts after negotiation with the rendors25.

25 Claran newspaper, Thursday, December 22, 2005, Marta Plataea.

Previously, there was a problem to solve, that of those who had started paying in 2005, planning the first half of 2006 to travel. Again, some countries have opted to negotiate price and close to abandoning or services and other long conversations trying to improve their situation.

The cycle repeats itself. Left on the one hand, the administrative complaints before the introduction of quotas inspector more damaged, and the verycompanyÂ’s emloyees.

Initiated the other hand, the legal issue in relation to criminal reports (still under construction) in various regions of the country against the owners of the Compania in connection with the alleged fraud.

And finally the real solution, namely Various solutions which the injured party has, by context, time and the will of those to whom they negotiate.

The Travel Case Zaiga

Tours and Travel, LLC, was created as a family oriented maximum Zaiga Travel.

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