The Socks Specialists

2019-10-21T00:58:00.002+05:00

Best Quality Socks

2018-01-01T03:46:00.004+05:00

best quality socks

Hanes High Quality Socks !

2018-01-01T03:22:00.003+05:00

Latest Movies Hollywood, Bollywood, South Indian Hindi Dubbed Movies,

2017-12-31T00:09:00.001+05:00

SOX ARENA - The Socks Specialists: Quality, Quality Management System, Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement & Quality Terms

2017-12-27T01:44:00.001+05:00

SOX ARENA - The Socks Specialists: Quality, Quality Management System, Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement & Quality Terms

2017-12-27T01:07:00.000+05:00

Quality Assurance & Quality Improvement:

Scope:

To give understanding about both QA and QI so these are not mixed with each other in understanding.

	Quality Assurance	Quality Improvement
Focus	* Catches " Bad Apples" People or work focus	* Examine and improve the process
	* Eliminate the bad performers	* Does not find fault
	* Detect problems	* Integration into work
	* A program	* Process oriented
	* Result oriented	* Maintain standards and systems
	* Evaluate the out comes	* Focus on best practices, so all can learn/benefit


Goal	* Meet the minimum standards	* Ongoing process improvement
	* Control	* Breakthrough improvements
	* Identify the outliers	* Identify the system

Who is Involved	* Usually 1 or 2 persons in a facility	* Teams
	* Committees

Driven By	* Regulations	* Organization
	* Accreditation	* Data
	* Knowledge of Peers	* Knowledge of all
	* Special Cause variation	* Common & Special causes examined
	* Statistical Analysis	* Revision of performance

When Occurs	* Monthly Or Quarterly	* Continuous
When Occurs
Other Differences	* No Historical value or Customer input	* Customer driven
	* Assigned responsibility for monitoring indicators	* Organization of a team comprises of people that work in the process
	* Ask WHO	* Ask WHY

Quality Improvement Means Process Improvement:

a) Steps to Quality Improvement
b) Quality Improvement Tools

Quality, Quality Management System, Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement & Quality Terms

2017-12-27T01:03:00.002+05:00

What is Quality ?

Quality is the degree to which a set inherent characteristics full fill requirements.
Conformance to customer requirement, specifications and fitness for use is Quality.
Meeting the customer requirement is Quality.

Quality Management System (QMS):

A Quality Management system can be expressed as the organizational structure, procedures, processes and resources needed to implement quality management.

Ø Quality Management System recognizes the importance of:

§ Customer Satisfaction

§ Prevention over Inspection

§ Continuous Improvement (PDCA)

§ Management Responsibility.

Quality Planning:

One of fundamental tenets of modern quality management is: Quality is planned, designed and built in-not inspected in.

Special Causes

- Considered unusual and preventable.

- Manufacturing process produced 250 defects per million due to assembly errors.

Common Causes

- Considered normal and acceptable

- Your manufacturing process considers one defect in a lot/doz. due to bad raw material.

Quality Control & Quality Assurance:

Quality Assurance:

The process of auditing quality requirements, and the results from the Quality Control measurements, to ensure quality standards and operational definitions are used/met.

- QA involves Quality Audits.

Quality Control (QC):

A process of monitoring and recording results ( both product and process management) of executing quality activities to assess performance and to recommend necessary changes.

- QC involves identifying ways to remove the causes of quality defect.

- Measure specific product results against the standards.

- Implement Approved Changes to Quality Base Line.

- Containment and Repair Defects.

- Quality Control involves Inspection and requires an understanding of Sampling Strategies, Tolerances and the causes of the variation in a process.

An Audit: Audit is a structured review of the products Quality Management activities to determine if they comply with organizational policies, procedures and process.

Some Quality Terms:

Prevention – Keeping errors out of process.

Inspection – Keeping errors out of hands of the customer.

Attribute Sampling – Result conforms or Not

Variable Sampling – The result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity.

Tolerance – Specified range of acceptable limits control limits, Threshold, which can indicate whether the process is out of control.

Acceptance Sampling – Inspection of a sample from a lot to decide whether to accept that lot.

Six Sigma Quality – A Term generally used ti indicate process capabilities in terms of Process spread measured by standard deviations in a normally distributed process.

SMART MERCHANDISING

2017-12-27T00:45:00.002+05:00

PERSONAL EVALUATION OF WORKSHOP ON SMART MERCHANDISING

The workshop was designed on SMART MERCHANDISING for those Merchandisers who are already working in some textile organization & those who intend to become the part of Merchandising. Mr Shahzad Dadbhoy conducted this workshop who is permanent faculty of Textile institute of Pakistan and thereby teaching Merchandising course. He has been running his own buying agency for a long time with the name of Dadabhoy textile sourcing.

The work shop started at 9:00 AM and class was filled up with Merchandisers from different textile field. The workshop was divided in four sections throughout the day.

Section A: Introduction to Merchandising
Section B: Importance of Sampling, types of sewing machines
Section C: Types of fabric, it’s costing, consumption and TNA of apparel Production.
Section D: Costing/Pricing, Trims/Accessories, future trend in quality

Section A:

The introduction of Merchandising was to have an idea about the fields where Merchandisers work and how they can fine tune their jobs. What we understand about merchandising concept from this work shop is

Production, Development, Sourcing, Costing and understanding of Raw material. Some Management skills like Time management, timely execution of task, to meet the demands of the job in a specified amount of time. We also understand the concept of seasonal changes like how different products are placed in which category according to style and selling seasons.

Merchandiser should have common sense/ logical approach, Ability to learn and adapt quickly, personal organizational / communication skill and ability in achieving targets.
Merchandiser knows that due to changing trends and situations each order is different from other and every time he has to face unexpected situations. He is able to handle additional workload with his team and manage time. Moreover Merchandiser common sense helps in evaluation of orders, time factor consideration, decision making, mistaken shipment targets being avoided and avoid repetition of work.

Personal Organizational / Communication Skills.
As Merchandiser receive information from foreign customers so their communication is culturally different as we do internally/ therefore every Merchandiser should be understanding power and they may response persuasively with customer because Merchandiser is bridge link between company and customer for making and building relationship and retain the customer. The marketing team struggle an years to get the customer attention in our organization thus by providing services these merchandisers can retain customers for long term business. One customer lost mean business lost millions of dollar.
Merchandisers receive some important documents from customer which are always important for future reference so their file should be updated with all records, focus on cleanliness of desk, reports etc.

Merchandiser’s communication skill is not applicable for customers only but with co-workers as well because you are the only person who interpret customer message across the concerned person in company. The information receives from customer not as per company’s requirement. Merchandisers refine and interpret the information into work order by having all above qualities.

Target achieving:

Merchandiser is aware of targets and customer urgency so he should be aggressive with the reason and provide on time deliveries, highlight about potential problem when it look for happening so that team jointly work out and take responsibility by every dependable to achieve targets.

Below are some job descriptions of a Merchandiser which are being followed in different companies subject to magnitude of company. If company volume of work is high then some areas are given below divide into further departments.

Job Description of a Merchandiser:

Sales/Marketing/Customer dealing
Organizational Communication,
Sampling
Costing
Negotiate prices with the vendors/Customers.
Order details.
The art of arranging things/attachments of materials on time.
Approval from customers
Delivery sheets Production Planning.
Production Reports/auditing/Rejection
Reports from Assistants
Problem solving
Meeting Minutes/Order Closing

SECTION B:

Importance of Sampling

The timely submission and approval of samples is an integral part of ensuring the production cycle remains on schedule.

In this section we could learn types of samples that are being followed internationally to complete order cycle. We learnt every sample type in detail and understand the Merchandiser’s sample responsibility. We also look the structure of sample department, staff, equipment etc. Also the method of working in the sample department. We further came to know some technical information regarding stitching machines used in apparel industry. Instructor had shown some videos on stitching, dummy reports, test results, sample remarks sheet, sample log that are being followed in companies.

SECTION C:

This section is based on fabric production, purchasing and knowledge of fabric types.

We came to learnt importance of Fabric and its wastages that affects on costing. The wrong planning of fabric may leads lost of thousand dollars. Lead time of fabric, planning of fabric because fabric constitutes almost 70% of garments or more. Cost saving could be done on the cutting table, if fabric is utilized efficiently and this could be done only if the fabric is defect free. Always suggest buying better quality yarn to begin with. Avoid buying any low quality yarn and B fabrics especially where woven fabrics are concerned.

We also got to know different types of fabric. Instructor teaches about woven, knitted fabric and its importance that what factors that should be checks at all level.

Than we were taught regarding quality control of fabrics at all level either inline, during manufacturing etc. and importance of costing & consumption that can be reduced by taking effective step during or before production. Instructor shows some fabric calculation with us to exercise when needed in practical life. He shows different type of garments and gives awareness of differentiation among all. We also get familiar with the term “time and action plan”. In practical field very few company follow this on order basis but it is alive in the books and effective. If I want to describe it one sentence that “TNA is the bird’s eye view of the orders” what coordination needs to be done at what time, proper orderly material procurement. Need to make sure to get things done on basis of priority.

SECTION D:

In this section we learnt about product costing and its importance. It is in depth analysis and understanding of product development, material, production process, and plant operations. What is cost variance and why does it occur. Difference between what was planned in the initial costing and what actually happened. Difference in budgeting and actual costs

This cost variance comes due to insufficient information from previous orders. The initial costing is not close to what actual should be. There have been mistakes done along the product making chain. Time allocated for the order was not sufficient and extra days were used to close the order, Production bottle necks, late shipment and procurement of the material was late.

We also understand how we can improve our profit by making strong purchase of raw material and other dependent accessories with the help of credit terms and sufficient timing, control on wastages, management techniques, effective cross checks, proper auditing of production report, and QA reports and make best & effective strategies. At the end of session we exercised by doing costing of dummy order. This is closing part of the work shop.

Recommendation:

This work shop brings positive changes in our perception and in merchandising philosophy. What we understand earlier and what now. I strongly recommend to those Merchandiser who started their career in textile merchandising should attend these kind of workshops and get training in 3 month Merchandising course to make oneself effective Merchandiser for organization and to be worthwhile asset.

Merchandiser should also take training on below courses to groom for merchandising aspect.
Communication and interpersonal skills,
self management skills and
stress management

These above training areas enhance Merchandising job in effective manner

Thank You

X--------------------------X-------------------------X---------------------------X

Change Request Form

2017-12-27T00:32:00.003+05:00

Change Request Form

[This form is divided into three sections. Section 1 is intended for use by the individual submitting the change request. Section 2 is intended for use by the Functional Manager to document/communicate their initial impact analysis of the requested change. Section 3 is intended for use by the Change Control Board (CCB) to document their final decision regarding the requested change.]

1.) SUBMITTER - GENERAL INFORMATION
CR#	001
Type of CR	Enhancement	Defect
Project/Program/Initiative
Submitter Name
Brief Description of Request
Date Submitted
Date Required
Priority	Low	Medium	High	Mandatory
Reason for Change
Assumptions and Notes
Comments
Attachments or References	Yes	No
	Link:
Approval Signature			Date Signed

2.) Functional MANAGER - INITIAL ANALYSIS
Schedule Impact	[WBS]
Cost Impact	[Cost]
Comments
Recommendations
Approval Signature		Date Signed

3.) CHANGE CONTROL BOARD – DECISION
Decision	Approved	Approved with Conditions		Rejected	More Info
Decision Date
Decision Explanation	[Document the CCB’s decision]
Conditions	[Document and conditions imposed by the CCB]
Approval Signature			Date Signed

Problem Solving

2017-12-27T00:25:00.004+05:00

AN ELEGANT SOLUTION IS ONLY THE BEGINNING.

Both solutions to a problem and a good idea have something in common—they need to be implemented. Until that is done, in essence, nothing has happened. Often the easy part is identifying a problem and finding an answer. The difficult and more challenging part is making it all happen—making it all work—usually not easily done. The issues encountered will be both technical and emotional because stakeholders may have built routines that provide a sense of comfort and stability with the status quo.

Improvement is more than discovering a solution. It is a multi-stepped process that includes both problem resolution and solution implementation. All stages must be handled with consideration and enthusiasm to ensure success. However, energy usually gets focused on problem-solving, and realization becomes a drag where thoughtfulness about people and processes is a casualty of time.

Here are steps that can help ease the transition from intention to application:

Step One: CREATE AWARENESS
• Explain the need and necessity for making improvement: Define why improvements are needed and then cut through complacency so system stakeholders understand why it’s necessary to move in a new direction.
• Communicate a unifying purpose: Develop a central theme that people can rally around and create a sense of urgency so those affected by the change are ready to take a chance on something different.
• Identify formal and informal workgroups and engage their participation: Make sure the voices of diverse workgroups are heard and that these individuals have an active role in completing the transition.

Step Two: MAKE A PLAN
• Create a plan for action: Create a map for getting from the current mess to the desired condition. Determine constraints, decide what should be done, assign responsibility, and estimate completion.
• Create the opportunity for small but meaningful gains: Break the plan into meaningful chucks so people are willing to take risks and can readily measure progress.

Step Three: MODIFY AND IMPROVE
• Empower people to take action: Give workgroups the authority to make changes to their work process and accept responsibility for decisions related to their actions.
• Manage resistance to improvement: Understand how workgroups may react to change and develop some strategies for helping those who are fearful and uncertain make the transition.

Step Four: STANDARDIZE AND SUSTAIN
• Complete the restructuring of daily activities: Finish redesigning old communication networks, reporting relationships, and build new connections. Provide for self-determination. Keep people involved and on track, maintain faithfulness to purpose, coordinate and integrate unfinished activities.
• Sustain Improvement: Document revised activities. Measure and monitor both system and workgroup effectiveness to make sure improvement are performing as intended.

Difference Among Quality Control, Quality Assurance & Quality Management System

2017-12-27T00:19:00.002+05:00

Quality Control – Verifying the Quality of the Output

Quality Control is the most basic level of quality management. It includes all activities of inspecting, testing, or checking a product to ensure it meets the requirements. The intent of QC is to identify any issues—and either fix them or eliminate them—to make sure the end result is as expected. QC is typically conducted re-actively, at the end of the process.

The main limitation of quality control is that it’s very product oriented and doesn’t improve quality or make quality more efficient—it only focuses on identifying instances where quality is lacking. What’s more, you only find out about issues at the end of the process, which may cost you time and money.

Quality Assurance – Managing and Planning for Quality

Quality assurance takes your quality management process a step further. QA is focused on planning, documenting, and agreeing on the steps, rules, and guidelines that are necessary to ensuring quality. The planning happens at the beginning of a project, and the end result is a documented quality plan.

The main purpose of QA is to prevent defects from entering into your product in the first place, so it’s a proactive measure to ensure quality. Planning for quality is key to mitigating risks, but also saves you a lot of time and money.

Quality Management System – QA and QC Working Together

According to ISO standards, a quality management system (QMS) includes quality planning, quality improvement initiatives, the establishment of a set of quality policies and objectives that will act as guidelines within an organization, and QA/QC procedures.

The seven quality management principles are:

1. Customer focus

2. Leadership

3. Engagement of people

4. Process approach

5. Improvement

6. Evidence-based decision making

7. Relationship management

About Us

2016-02-04T04:18:00.000+05:00

About Us
We’re in socks business since year 2000. Having over 17 years experience in Socks Production Operations, Quality control/assurance, Sourcing and Inspection services makes us top of the line business unit.

We would like to introduce ourselves as buying and sourcing house in Socks since 2000.
Sox Arena is a customer focused organization involved in procuring Premium Quality Socks. Its each operating division has the same objective, which is superior quality and customer satisfaction. Keeping this in mind, The Sox Arena team has developed work methods geared to an ongoing attention to each and every step when expediting our projects. Our procedures ensure to deliver products within the set time frame with superior quality results.

Why Us ?

1’st hand knowledge about every manufacture, their strengths & lean areas

Our service includes:
1. Matching you with well-established units so that your orders remain secure.
2. Getting you the best prices.
3. Conducting in-line and final inspection to according to AQL standards.
4. Ensuring timely deliveries.
5. Time management & cost management procedures.

We manage the entire from pricing to shipping. (Sourcing, Merchandising, Quality, Auditing, Logistics).

In short we can manage the entire order from pricing to shipping. If you are looking for your business partner in Pakistan we are there for you. We believe that you will certainly take this opportunity of utilizing our services for mutually beneficial business relationship. For further information Please do not hesitate to reach us by e-mail.

Advantages of order placement through us

Best suitable factory.
Best competitive prices.
In line & Final audits/Inspections.
Logistics handling.
Sea & air freight competitive rates
After shipment, backups & complaint handling

Why Pakistan ?

Geographically Pakistan is located in south Asia, it is third largest cotton producing country in the world, having a moderate climate through the year it is suitable for every business, production & logistics. Its geographical location makes it feasible for every market around the global, Middle east, EU, Scandinavian countries, Africa, USA & Australia. If you are intending the transit time across the globe Pakistan is the best choice, you will find its location almost in the center of world.

Socks Industry in Pakistan:

This is important to let it know the worth of the sock industry in Pakistan, the needle count, diameter & machines range, along with the capability of manufacturers to use the imported man made fibers, wherever these are developed.

Manufacturing goes back in year 1947, but the start of business with latest Italian computerized machines in year 1990.

When there was no activity in India & Bangladesh.
Approx. 25 year socks started.
Approx 20000 Direct manpower associated with industry.
9000 machines in Pakistan Socks Industry, ranges from 84 Needle, 96N,108N,120N,132N,144N,168N While in Double Cylinder 168N,176N,200N.
20 export oriented factories.
12 commercial suppliers.
70% Spinning mills are making courser yarns for socks industry.
Manpower having work experience of 3 decades.

The above strengths make Pakistan the best choice for socks buyers around the world.

Thank you

Sox Arena

Social: www.facebook.com/soxarena

HOME - Product Range

2015-06-27T07:15:00.000+05:00

PRODUCT RANGE:

We can provide all kind of Socks using 84N (3.50”inch Dia), 84N (5”Inch, 4.5Inch Dia) 96N, 108N, 132N, 144N, 168N computerized knitting machines., including Dress Socks of Double Cylinder and Single Cylinder.

If you need Unbeatable Prices for Premium Quality Socks, Please do write us. We’re available 24/7 for your service.

White Tennis Pouch Socks – Plain, Strips and Motif
Standard and Sandwich Terry Sports Socks.
Performance Socks, (Evap, Coolmax, Bamboo, Sulkool, AIO and Blister Guard yarn etc.)
Performance Socks with Antimicrobial and Moisture Management, Treated Socks
Diabetic Socks
COMPRESSION SOCKS ( pressure of 15 ~20 mmHg) – Support over the Counter
Real Heel, Y-Heel and Pouch Heel all type of socks
Football Socks
Full Cushioned Sports Socks including Cushioned Leg Comfort.
Men, Women and Toddler Socks
Women Slouch Socks/Aerobic Socks
Kids Sports Socks
Tube Socks
Thermal Boot Socks
Heavy Work Socks (84N machines with 5” inch dia)
Double Cylinder 168Needles & 176 Needles Dress Socks in 5×1, 4×1 and 3×1 Rib (100% Cotton, 100% Nylon OR Polyester etc.)

Quality Inspection Services (FOC):

Having said that we also provide Free of Cost Inspection Services to our customers which covers Inline and Final Inspections on AQL 2.5 (final inspections) or per the customer requirement.

For further info. Please visit our website www,soxwear.com

Find me on LinkedIn

2013-06-14T10:09:00.004+05:00

History of Socks and Hosiery

2013-06-13T04:08:00.000+05:00

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The word "sock" is derived from the Latin soccus, the Old English socc and the Middle English word socke. The "soccus" was a shoe worn by Roman comic actors. It was a "calceoli" or sock-like and fitted loosely so they could be taken off quickly. Roman’s sometimes wore soccus with sandals and then removed their sandals indoors; the soccus remained on their feet.
8^th Century Barbarians wore brightly colored socks.
During the Crusades and Gothic periods (1000-1300) linen hose made from two-leg profile pieces replaced tube hose sewn together. Tapes tied to the waistband held these up. Under the hose was worn a shapeless pair of linen legs which were stitched through the crotch, hemmed at the top and gathered by a drawstring around the waist.
Over time, the outer hose were joined and called closed hose or a pair of legs.
From about 1340 onwards men started to wear shorter garments called gippons or pourpoints. Long garments survived at court and ecclesiastical and academic circles. Short garments exposed the leg and required hose that was better supported and tighter.
By the 12th century the word meant a low shoe or slipper and later a knitted foot covering sometimes extending to the knee. By 1583 the word "stocking" was used to describe a covering for the feet and legs. "Hose" came from the Old English and Old High German word hosa, meaning leg covering.
Reverend William Lee of Nottinghamshire, England invented a sock-knitting machine in l589, and started to make hosiery out of cotton, wool and silk. The machine made bright colored socks easier to produce, cheaper, and encouraged their popularity.
The developments of better knitting techniques were enveloped as well as the introduction of the full bottom hose and codpiece. The leg sections of these limb coverings were made to fit more smoothly by means of a series of small darts, hidden by embroidery, around the ankles of the hose. As doublets and suercotehardies came into general use the hose or chausses were first worn over the breeches but eventually these became only brief trunks and were then discarded in favor of the full bottom hose. Either these styles of leg coverings were attached to the doublets or jupes by cord laces with metal tap tips.
The embroidered ankle decoration known as "Clocks" were hot fashion stuff on thigh or knee high hose in the 17th Century!
In the eighteenth century both men and women wore stockings usually white made of silk or wool.
It was the Victorians in the late 19th century who insisted than men should wear dark socks especially after the death of Albert, Queen Victoria’s husband in 1861. A long period of mourning followed which, in addition to the industrial revolution, made black the most prominent color in men’s wardrobes.
In the 1930s a new circular knitting machine meant garments could be made in one piece, and no longer needed to be sewn together.
Julian Hill was one of the scientists at the Du Pont Company in Delaware, in a group led by Wallace Carothers. Hill was looking for a silk substitute, and one day he discovered that by pulling a heated rod from a mixture of coal tar, water and alcohol he could create a filament that was strong, sheer, and silk-like in appearance. Further research led to the first synthetic fiber, which soon came to be known as Polymer 6.6. Two years later, in 1937, Du Pont patented the discovery, the same year Wallace Carothers, fatally depressed, committed suicide. As a tribute to his work, Du Pont decided that he - rather than Hill should be hailed as the inventor of Polymer 6.6.
Synthetic fibers were presented to the public at the World's Fair in New York in 1939. Taking the NY from the city's initials, the fiber became known as "nylon".
Nylon was a revelation. The first nylon stockings appeared in New York stores on May 15, 1940. Over 72,000 pairs were sold in the first day alone, and the Japanese silk market collapsed almost overnight. Department stores throughout

America

saw a similar stampede. In the first year, 64 million pairs of stockings were sold and manufacturers could not keep up with demand.
Sock decoration became popular again after WWI, when shoes replaced ankle boots.
In the late 1990's many synthetic materials and cool-max , and dry-max have revolutionized socks, to have a great pair of socks may not require any cotton in the future, Smart socks with chips built in and thermostats and temperature control are around the corner.
Socks in space?!!!!

Brand Management

2013-01-23T02:29:00.000+05:00

Brand Management

Brand management begins with having a thorough knowledge of the term “brand”. It includes developing a promise, making that promise and maintaining it. It means defining the brand, positioning the brand, and delivering the brand. Brand management is nothing but an art of creating and sustaining the brand. Branding makes customers committed to your business. A strong brand differentiates your products from the competitors. It gives a quality image to your business.

Brand management includes managing the tangible and intangible characteristics of brand. In case of product brands, the tangibles include the product itself, price, packaging, etc. While in case of service brands, the tangibles include the customers’ experience. The intangibles include emotional connections with the product / service.

Branding is assembling of various marketing mix medium into a whole so as to give you an identity. It is nothing but capturing your customers mind with your brand name. It gives an image of an experienced, huge and reliable business.

It is all about capturing the niche market for your product / service and about creating a confidence in the current and prospective customers’ minds that you are the unique solution to their problem.

The aim of branding is to convey brand message vividly, create customer loyalty, persuade the buyer for the product, and establish an emotional connectivity with the customers. Branding forms customer perceptions about the product. It should raise customer expectations about the product. The primary aim of branding is to create differentiation.

Strong brands reduce customers’ perceived monetary, social and safety risks in buying goods/services. The customers can better imagine the intangible goods with the help of brand name. Strong brand organizations have a high market share. The brand should be given good support so that it can sustain itself in long run. It is essential to manage all brands and build brand equity over a period of time. Here comes importance and usefulness of brand management. Brand management helps in building a corporate image. A brand manager has to oversee overall brand performance. A successful brand can only be created if the brand management system is competent.

Following are the important concepts of brand management:

Brand Image

	Definition of Brand
	Brand Name
	Brand Attributes
	Brand Positioning
	Brand Identity
	Sources of Brand Identity

Brand Identity vs Brand Image

Brand Personality

Brand Awareness

Brand Loyalty

Brand Association

Building a Brand

Brand Equity

Brand Equity & Customer Equity

Brand Extension

Co-Branding

1. Definition of Brand:

Brands are different from products in a way that brands are “what the consumers buy”, while products are “what concern/companies make”. Brand is an accumulation of emotional and functional associations. Brand is a promise that the product will perform as per customer’s expectations. It shapes customer’s expectations about the product. Brands usually have a trademark which protects them from use by others. A brand gives particular information about the organization, good or service, differentiating it from others in marketplace. Brand carries an assurance about the characteristics that make the product or service unique. A strong brand is a means of making people aware of what the company represents and what are it’s offerings.

To a consumer, brand means and signifies:

§ Source of product

§ Delegating responsibility to the manufacturer of product

§ Lower risk

§ Less search cost

§ Quality symbol

§ Deal or pact with the product manufacturer

§ Symbolic device

Brands simplify consumers purchase decision. Over a period of time, consumers discover the brands which satisfy their need. If the consumers recognize a particular brand and have knowledge about it, they make quick purchase decision and save lot of time. Also, they save search costs for product. Consumers remain committed and loyal to a brand as long as they believe and have an implicit understanding that the brand will continue meeting their expectations and perform in the desired manner consistently. As long as the consumers get benefits and satisfaction from consumption of the product, they will more likely continue to buy that brand. Brands also play a crucial role in signifying certain product features to consumers.

To a seller, brand means and signifies:

· Basis of competitive advantage

· Way of bestowing products with unique associations

· Way of identification to easy handling

· Way of legal protection of products’ unique traits/features

· Sign of quality to satisfied customer

· Means of financial returns

A brand, in short, can be defined as a seller’s promise to provide consistently a unique set of characteristics, advantages, and services to the buyers/consumers. It is a name, term, sign, symbol or a combination of all these planned to differentiate the goods/services of one seller or group of sellers from those of competitors. Some examples of well known brands are Mc Donald’s’, Mercedes-Benz, Sony, Coca Cola, Kingfisher, etc.

A brand connects the four crucial elements of an enterprise- customers, employees, management and shareholders. Brand is nothing but an assortment of memories in customers mind. Brand represents values, ideas and even personality. It is a set of functional, emotional and rational associations and benefits which have occupied target market’s mind. Associations are nothing but the images and symbols associated with the brand or brand benefits, such as, The Nike Swoosh, The Nokia sound, etc. Benefits are the basis for purchase decision.

2. Brand Name:

Brand name is one of the brand elements which helps the customers to identify and differentiate one product from another. It should be chosen very carefully as it captures the key theme of a product in an efficient and economical manner. It can easily be noticed and its meaning can be stored and triggered in the memory instantly. Choice of a brand name requires a lot of research. Brand names are not necessarily associated with the product. For instance, brand names can be based on places (Air India, British Airways), animals or birds (Dove soap, Puma), people (Louise Phillips, Allen Solly). In some instances, the company name is used for all products (General Electric, LG).

Features of a Good Brand Name

A good brand name should have following characteristics:

1. It should be unique / distinctive (for instance- Kodak, Mustang)

2. It should be extendable.

3. It should be easy to pronounce, identified and memorized. (For instance-Tide)

4. It should give an idea about product’s qualities and benefits (For instance- Swift, Quickfix, Lipguard).

5. It should be easily convertible into foreign languages.

6. It should be capable of legal protection and registration.

7. It should suggest product/service category (For instance Newsweek).

8. It should indicate concrete qualities (For instance Firebird).

9. It should not portray bad/wrong meanings in other categories. (For instance NOVA is a poor name for a car to be sold in Spanish country, because in Spanish it means “doesn’t go”).

Process of Selecting a renowned and successful Brand Name

Define the objectives of branding in terms of six criterions - descriptive, suggestive, compound, classical, arbitrary and fanciful. It Is essential to recognize the role of brand within the corporate branding strategy and the relation of brand to other brand and products. It is also essential to understand the role of brand within entire marketing program as well as a detailed description of niche market must be considered.

2. Generation of multiple names - Any potential source of names can be used; organization, management and employees, current or potential customers, agencies and professional consultants.

3. Screening of names on the basis of branding objectives and marketing considerations so as to have a more synchronized list - The brand names must not have connotations, should be easily pronounceable, should meet the legal requirements etc.

4. Gathering more extensive details on each of the finalized names - There should be extensive international legal search done. These searches are at times done on a sequential basis because of the expense involved.

5. Conducting consumer research - Consumer research is often conducted so as to confirm management expectations as to the remembrance and meaningfulness of the brand names. The features of the product, its price and promotion may be shown to the consumers so that they understand the purpose of the brand name and the manner in which it will be used. Consumers can be shown actual 3-D packages as well as animated advertising or boards. Several samples of consumers must be surveyed depending on the niche market involved.

6. On the basis of the above steps, management can finalize the brand name that maximizes the organization’s branding and marketing objectives and then formally register the brand name.

3. Brand Attributes:

Brand Attributes portray a company’s brand characteristics. They signify the basic nature of brand. Brand attributes are a bundle of features that highlight the physical and personality aspects of the brand. Attributes are developed through images, actions, or presumptions. Brand attributes help in creating brand identity.

A strong brand must have following attributes:

1. Relevancy- A strong brand must be relevant. It must meet people’s expectations and should perform the way they want it to. A good job must be done to persuade consumers to buy the product; else inspite of your product being unique, people will not buy it.

2. Consistency- A consistent brand signifies what the brand stands for and builds customers trust in brand. A consistent brand is where the company communicates message in a way that does not deviate from the core brand proposition.

3. Proper positioning- A strong brand should be positioned so that it makes a place in target audience mind and they prefer it over other brands.

4. Sustainable- A strong brand makes a business competitive. A sustainable brand drives an organization towards innovation and success. Example of sustainable brand is Marks and Spencer’s.

5. Credibility- A strong brand should do what it promises. The way you communicate your brand to the audience/ customers should be realistic. It should not fail to deliver what it promises. Do not exaggerate as customers want to believe in the promises you make to them.

6. Inspirational- A strong brand should transcend/ inspire the category it is famous for. For example- Nike transcendent Jersey Polo Shirt.

7. Uniqueness- A strong brand should be different and unique. It should set you apart from other competitors in market.

8. Appealing- A strong brand should be attractive. Customers should be attracted by the promise you make and by the value you deliver.

4. Brand Positioning:

Brand positioning refers to “target consumer’s” reason to buy your brand in preference to others. It is ensures that all brand activity has a common aim; is guided, directed and delivered by the brand’s benefits/reasons to buy; and it focuses at all points of contact with the consumer.

Brand positioning must make sure that:

Is it unique/distinctive vs. competitors ?
Is it significant and encouraging to the niche market ?
Is it appropriate to all major geographic markets and businesses ?
Is the proposition validated with unique, appropriate and original products ?
Is it sustainable - can it be delivered constantly across all points of contact with the consumer ?
Is it helpful for organization to achieve its financial goals ?
Is it able to support and boost up the organization ?

In order to create a distinctive place in the market, a niche market has to be carefully chosen and a differential advantage must be created in their mind. Brand positioning is a medium through which an organization can portray it’s customers what it wants to achieve for them and what it wants to mean to them. Brand positioning forms customer’s views and opinions.

Brand Positioning can be defined as an activity of creating a brand offer in such a manner that it occupies a distinctive place and value in the target customer’s mind. For instance-Kotak Mahindra positions itself in the customer’s mind as one entity- “Kotak ”- which can provide customized and one-stop solution for all their financial services needs. It has an unaided top of mind recall. It intends to stay with the proposition of “Think Investments, Think Kotak”. The positioning you choose for your brand will be influenced by the competitive stance you want to adopt.

Brand Positioning involves identifying and determining points of similarity and difference to ascertain the right brand identity and to create a proper brand image. Brand Positioning is the key of marketing strategy. A strong brand positioning directs marketing strategy by explaining the brand details, the uniqueness of brand and it’s similarity with the competitive brands, as well as the reasons for buying and using that specific brand. Positioning is the base for developing and increasing the required knowledge and perceptions of the customers. It is the single feature that sets your service apart from your competitors. For instance- Kingfisher stands for youth and excitement. It represents brand in full flight.

There are various positioning errors, such as-

Under positioning- This is a scenario in which the customer’s have a blurred and unclear idea of the brand.

Over positioning- This is a scenario in which the customers have too limited a awareness of the brand.

Confused positioning- This is a scenario in which the customers have a confused opinion of the brand.

Double Positioning- This is a scenario in which customers do not accept the claims of a brand.

5. Brand Identity:

Brand identity stems from an organization, i.e., an organization is responsible for creating a distinguished product with unique characteristics. It is how an organization seeks to identify itself. It represents how an organization wants to be perceived in the market. An organization communicates its identity to the consumers through its branding and marketing strategies. A brand is unique due to its identity. Brand identity includes following elements - Brand vision, brand culture, positioning, personality, relationships, and presentations.

Brand identity is a bundle of mental and functional associations with the brand. Associations are not “reasons-to-buy” but provide familiarity and differentiation that’s not replicable getting it. These associations can include signature tune (for example - Britannia “ting-ting-ta-ding”), trademark colours (for example - Blue colour with Pepsi), logo (for example - Nike), tagline (for example - Apple’s tagline is “Think different”),etc.

Brand identity is the total proposal/promise that an organization makes to consumers. The brand can be perceived as a product, a personality, a set of values, and a position it occupies in consumer’s minds. Brand identity is all that an organization wants the brand to be considered as. It is a feature linked with a specific company, product, service or individual. It is a way of externally expressing a brand to the world.

Brand identity is the noticeable elements of a brand (for instance - Trademark colour, logo, name, symbol) that identify and differentiates a brand in target audience mind. It is a crucial means to grow your company’s brand.

Brand identity is the aggregation of what all you (i.e. an organization) do. It is an organizations mission, personality, promise to the consumers and competitive advantages.

It includes the thinking, feelings and expectations of the target market/consumers. It is a means of identifying and distinguishing an organization from another. An organization having unique brand identity have improved brand awareness, motivated team of employees who feel proud working in a well branded organization, active buyers, and corporate style. Brand identity leads to brand loyalty, brand preference, high credibility, good prices and good financial returns. It helps the organization to express to the customers and the target market the kind of organization it is. It assures the customers again that you are who you say you are. It establishes an immediate connection between the organization and consumers. Brand identity should be sustainable. It is crucial so that the consumers instantly correlate with your product/service.

Brand identity should be futuristic, i.e. it should reveal the associations aspired for the brand. It should reflect the durable qualities of a brand. Brand identity is a basic means of consumer recognition and represents the brand’s distinction from it’s competitors.

SOCKS AND UNDERGARMENT GLOSSARY

2008-09-26T04:02:00.004+06:00

Contributed By: Mudassar Salman (mudassar.uh@gmail.com)

A-Shirt

A T-shirt without sleeves and cut-away armholes. Stands for athletic shirt.

Balloon Seat

Also called a 3-panel back. A design for men's boxers in which the pattern calls for additional fabric to be provided in the rear panels while at the same time having no center back seam. The added fabric creates a "balloon" effect over the seat, providing ease of movement and less strain on fabric.

Bar Tracking

Reinforcing the bottom of a fly or the side leg slits with short stitching rows perpendicular to the seam.

Creep down

Term to describe the falling down of a sock off the calf.

Crew Length

A sock that extends beyond ankle length, but not beyond the largest part of the calf. Typically 9" to 12" in length.

Elasticized Rib, Leg, Top, or Arch Panel

A portion of a sock that has an elastic yarn running through it, giving it the ability to fit snugly and to recover its original shape and size immediately after removing.

Fitted Heel and Toe

A sock that has a knit-in, or true heel pocket and a reciprocated (knit-in) toe pocket.

Flat lock stitching

A style of stitching common on men's briefs. Rather than a seam, the two pieces of fabric are sewn together with a 3-thread zigzag stitch. This keeps the seam flat while providing reinforcement.

Functional fly

The front fly on the garment actually works and provides an opening.

Gusset

The name given to a triangular or diamond-shaped piece of fabric that is constructed into a garment to allow for more space and greater movement. Gussets typically appear under the arms of sleeves, along the inseam of underwear, and the sides of men's shirttails.

High Heel Splice

An area of knit reinforcement that falls above the heel pocket, and typically rises above the top of the shoe.

Inseam

The seam in a trouser or short that runs from the crotch to the hem. Leg length is measured based on the inseam.

Instep

That part of the sock lying over the top of your foot.

Lin-Toe Closure

A method of closing the toe of a sock by aligning the knit loops at the edge of each piece of knit fabric and using a single thread to join the knit fabric edges loop-for-loop. This type of closure leaves no ridge on the toe seam inside or outside of the sock.

Long Johns

A type of long underwear bottoms usually ankle length. These drawers were first worn in public by John L. Sullivan as a boxing outfit.

Low-Cut

A short length sock that falls below the anklebone. Usually 3" to 4" in length.

Micro-Fiber

Very fine nylon or polyester filaments that, when woven, produce light soft and breathable fabrics ensuring comfort and durability.

Mini-Crew

A short crew sock with a typical length of between 5" and 7".

Mock fly

The front fly of the garment has the appearance of a functioning fly, but in fact has been sewn shut. This is done primarily for modesty.

Mock Rib Leg or Ankle

The appearance of a true rib, achieved in Jersey fabric by using elastic.

Needle Hem Stitching

A stitch where two needles approximately 3/8" apart sews two rows of stitching simultaneously.

Over-The-Calf Length

A sock that extends above the largest part of the calf. Typically 15" or longer.

Overlapping Fly

Name given to the traditional brief front fly where two layers of fabric are sewn on top of one another.

Pajama

A set of top and pants, designed for sleeping. From the Persian words pai for "leg" and jaman for "garment," pajamas were originally introduced in the 1800s for Indian men to wear as an alternative to the nightgown. Today, pajamas--or pjs--are classic sleepwear for both men and women.

Ped

Usually, a short length sock that falls below the anklebone.

Placket Fly

Name given to the traditional boxer fly. Design is similar to the front placket on a shirt. Can also have a button closure.

Quarter Length

A short crew sock, similar in length to a mid-crew sock. Typically 6" to 9" in length.

Reinforced (Ankle, Heel or Toe)

To strengthen a high-stress area of the sock (usually the heel, toe or ankle) with a durable yarn such as nylon or polypropylene.

Reverse toe closure

A method of closing the toe of a sock that is identical to the smooth looped toe seam, except that the seam lies on the outside of the sock leaving an extra-smooth "seamless" surface on the inside of the sock next to the foot.

Rubber reinforced

Inside a leg hem, elastic with rubber reinforcement can be used. This gives elastic longevity to the garment.

Shin Panel

That part of the sock lying at the front of the leg that protects the shin.

Smooth Looped Toe Seam

A type of toe closure that links the fabric ends together in a single layer. This eliminates the fabric ridge created by conventional toe seaming.

Stretch Sock

A sock knit, in part, with yarns that have the ability to stretch and recover. This enables the sock to fit a range of shoe sizes. They will be sized as 2S, XS, SM, MS, MD, LG, XL or XXL.

Taped

The edge of the garment is finished with a folded and sewn-on piece of fabric.

Terry Cushioning, or Full Terry Cushioning

Knitting all (Full) or part of a sock with a secondary (Terry) loop to create extra cushioning in the areas where the extra yarn loops are present.

Thermal Cushioning

Terry stitching done specifically to enhance the insulating properties of a sock.

Transfer

Any point where the knit pattern of the sock changes construction. Typically, where the leg meets the foot.

True Heel and Toe Pockets

See Fitted Heel and Toe.

True Rib Leg, Cuff, Top or Instep (1x1, 2x2, etc.)

A vertical pattern of alternating ridges in the leg, cuff, top or instep of a sock. The numerals represent the number of stitches in the raised part of the rib, by the number of stitches in the recessed part of the rib.

Tube Sock

A sock that is knit in the shape of a tube, having no knit-in heel pocket

Turned Cuff

The top of the sock that is designed to be folded down when worn, usually just above the ankle.

Welt Top or Rolled Welt Top

A double thickness of Jersey fabric at the top of the leg to promote strength, increase its ability to stay up and to give a cleaner finished look.

Y Heel Pocket

A method of knitting an extended heel pocket to create an anatomically correct fit.

TEXTILE DICTIONARY

2008-09-26T03:00:00.004+06:00

Compiled By : Mudassar Salman

Abrasion Resistance -
The degree by which a fabric is able to withstand loss of appearance through surface wear, rubbing, chafing, and other frictional actions.
Absorbency -
The ability of a fabric to take in moisture. Absorbency is a very important property, which effects many other characteristics such as skin comfort, static build-up, shrinkage, stain removal, water repellency, and wrinkle recovery.
Acetate -
A manufactured fiber formed by a compound of cellulose, refined from cotton linters and/or wood pulp, and acedic acid that has been extruded through a spinneret and then hardened.
Acrylic -
A manufactured fiber derived from polyacrylonitrile. Its major properties include a soft, wool-like hand, machine washable and dryable, excellent color retention. Solution-dyed versions have excellent resistance to sunlight and chlorine degradation.
Air Permeability - The porosity of a fabric as estimated by the ease with which air passes through it. Air permeability measures the warmth of blankets, the air resistance of parachute cloth, the wind resistance of sailcloth, etc. as measured on standard testing equipment.
Algaecide -
Kills algae.
Alpaca -
A natural hair fiber obtained from the Alpaca sheep, a domesticated member of the llama family. The fiber is most commonly used in fabrics for dresses, suits, coats, and sweaters.
Angora -
The hair of the Angora goat. Also known as Angora mohair. Angora may also apply to the fur of the Angora rabbit. However, according to the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, any apparel containing Angora rabbit hair must be labeled as "Angora rabbit hair" on the garment.
Anti-Bacterial (Anti-Microbial) -
A fabric that has been chemically treated or a fiber that is created by incorporating the anti-bacterial chemical agent into the fiber formula, making the finished fiber or fabric resistant to, or inhibiting the growth of micro-organisms.
Antifungal -
Inhibits or kills fungi.
Anti-Static -
Can be either a fiber or fabric that does not allow the build-up of static electricity to occur when the fiber or fabric experiences friction or rubbing.
Aramid -
A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is a long chain of synthetic polyamide in which at least 85% of the amide linkages are attached directly to two aromatic rings. Aramid fabrics are very strong and are resistant to high temperatures and extreme external forces. Aramid fabrics are used in thermally protective clothing; (i.e. coveralls, jackets, gloves, shirts, pants). U.S. FTC Definition: A manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is a long-chain synthetic polyamide in that is at least 85% of the amide linkages are attached directly to two aromatic rings.
Back Length -
The dimension on a garment taken from the center collar attaching seam to the bottom of the garment, or in the case of a coverall, to the top of the waistband.
Back Waist Length - The dimension on a body, taken from the top of the back bone at the base of the neck to the waistline.
Bactericide -
Kills bacteria.
Bacteriostat -
Doesn't necessarily mean that it kills bacteria. A stat means that it may simply be slowing growth or holding the death to growth rates of bacteria (same for fungal stats) more or less in equilibrium. Inhibits bacteria growth.
Ballistic -
A thick woven fabric that is extremely abrasion resistant and tough; has a denier of about 2000, and is used in apparel, packs and gear.
Band (Continuous/Grown-on) -
Pant panels that extend to the top of the pant and are folded over without an outside band. A separate inside band lining is sewn through the pant and has an interlining.
Band (Pasted-on/Folder-set) -
A separate band sewn on the pant with stitching that shows on the outside at the top and bottom.
Band (Rocap) -
A separate band of body fabric sewn on and turned down so the attaching seam is not visible. Inside the band is a separate lining---made from pcketing fabric---and interlining.
Barré -
An imperfection, characterized by a ridge or mark running in the crosswise or lengthwise directions of the fabric. Barrés can be caused by tension variations in the knitting process, poor quality yarns, problems during the finishing process.
Bartack -
To reinforce a seam with a bar of stitches that provides a more durable seam end. (Commonly used at points of strain.)
Base Layer -
The apparel in contact with your skin. The purpose of the base layer is to keep you warm/cool and dry.
Basket Weave -
A variation of the plain weave construction, formed by treating two or more warp yarns and/or two or more filling yarns as one unit in the weaving process. Yarns in a basket weave are laid into the woven construction flat, and maintain a parallel relationship. Both balanced and unbalanced basket weave fabrics can be produced. Examples of basket weave construction includes monk cloth and oxford cloth.
Bast Fiber -
Strong, soft, woody fibers, such as flax, jute, hemp, and ramie, which are obtained from the inner bark in the stems of certain plants.
Batiste -
A medium-weight, plain weave fabric, usually made of cotton or cotton blends. End-uses include blouses and dresses.
Bedford Cord -
A cord cotton-like fabric with raised ridges in the lengthwise direction. Since the fabric has a high strength and a high durability, it is often used for upholstery and work clothes.
Beeze -
Piping or cording formed at lower and inside pocket welts.
Besom -
An edging or reinforcement around a pocket opening.
Bicomponent Fiber -
Manufactured fiber made of continuous filaments, and made of two related components, each with different degrees of shrinkage. The result is a crimping of the filament, which makes the fiber stretchable.
Bleaching -
A process of whitening fibers, yarns, or fabrics by removing the natural and artificial impurities to obtain clear whites for finished fabric, or in preparation for dyeing and finishing. The materials may be treated with chemicals or exposed to sun, air, and moisture.
Blend -
A term applied to a yarn or a fabric that is made up of more than one fiber. In blended yarns, two or more different types of staple fibers are twisted or spun together to form the yarn. Examples of a typical blended yarn or fabric is polyester/cotton.
Bonding -
The technique of permanently joining together two fabrics or layers of fabrics together by a bonding agent.into one package. The bonding of fibers in a single layer of material is called a web. Special adhesives, binders, or thin slices of foam may be used as the marrying agent.
Bonding -
A process for adhesive laminating of two or more fabrics or fabric and a layer of plastic by means of a bonding agent (adhesives, plastics or cohesion).
Boucle -
A knit or woven fabric made from a rough, curly, knotted boucle yarn. The fabric has a looped, knotted surface and is often used in sportswear and coats
Break -
Point on the front edge of the garment at which the roll of the lapel begins. Usually at the same point as the lower end of the bridle.
Breath ability -
The movement of water or water vapor from one side of the fabric to the other, caused by capillary action, wicking, chemical, or electrostatic action. Also known as moisture transport.
Broad Spectrum Antimicrobial -
An antimicrobial that effectively controls or kills at least 3 of the basic microorganism groups. This term is important to help give a specific encompassing term to technologies that offer protection from the gamut of microorganisms, without the sometimes vague nature of the term antimicrobial, which could mean kills just one type or kills many types.
Broadcloth -
A plain weave tightly woven fabric, characterized by a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling. The most common broadcloth is made from cotton or cotton/polyester blends.
Brocade -
A heavy, exquisite jacquard type fabric with an all-over raised pattern or floral design. Common end-uses include such formal applications as upholstery, draperies, and eveningwear.
Brushing - A finishing process for knit or woven fabrics in which brushes or other abrading devices are used on a loosely constructed fabric to permit the fibers in the yarns to be raised to create a nap on fabrics or create a novelty surface texture.
Bunting -
Can be either a cotton or wool fabric, woven in a plain open weave, similar to cheesecloth, and dyed in the piece. Cotton bunting is often woven with plied yarns. Wool bunting is woven with worsted worsted yarns, using strong, wiry wool.
Burlap -
A loosely constructed, heavy weight, plain weave fabric used as a carpet backing, and as inexpensive packaging for sacks of grain or rice. Also, as fashion dictates, burlap may also appear as a drapery fabric.
Burn-out -
A brocade-like pattern effect created on the fabric through the application of a chemical, instead of color, during the burn-out printing process. (Sulfuric acid, mixed into a colorless print paste, is the most common chemical used.) Many simulated eyelet effects can be created using this method. In these instances, the chemical destroys the fiber and creates a hole in the fabric in a specific design, where the chemical comes in contact with the fabric. The fabric is then over-printed with a simulated embroidery stitch to create the eyelet effect. However, burn-out effects can also be created on velvets made of blended fibers, in which the ground fabric is of one fiber like a polyester, and the pile may be of a cellulosic fiber like rayon or acetate. In this case, when the chemical is printed in a certain pattern, it destroys the pile in those areas where the chemical comes in contact with the fabric, but leave the ground fabric unharmed.
Buttonhole (eyelet) -
Formed by a contoured patch of zig-zag stitching, followed by a cut---a portion of which is circular. Eyelet buttonholes are usually used on heavy fabrics and/or with large buttons. A gimp or cord is usually contained within the stitches to provide a reinforcement along the edge of the hole.
Buttonhole (straight) -
Formed by two pairs of straight, parallel rows of zigzag stitching, followed by a single, straight knife cut. Each end of the row of stitching is secured by a bartack.
Buttons -
Specified by design, size, color, and type---such as brass, melamine, or pearl, buttons are either shanked (attached by passing threads through the shank's eye) or holed (attached by passing threads through the button's holes).
Calendering -
A process for finishing fabrics in which such special effects as high luster, glazing, embossing, and moiré are produced.
Calico -
A tightly-woven cotton type fabric with an all-over print, usually a small floral pattern on a contrasting background color. Common end-uses include dresses, aprons, and quilts.
Camel's Hair -
A natural fiber obtained from the hair of the Bactrian camel, a two-humped pack-carrying species. The fiber is used primarily in coats, sweaters, and suits.
Canvas -
Cotton, linen, or synthetic fabric made with a basic plain weave in heavy and firm weight yarns for industrial or heavy duty purposes. Also referred to as "duck", although the term "canvas" usually relates to the heavier, coarser constructions.
Capillary Action -
A process by which liquids are drawn through the fabric and into pores found between fibers and yarns.
Carding -
A process which eliminates fibers too short for inclusion in the spun yarn. The process also removes dirt and foreign matter still remaining in the fiber mass, and arranges the fibers into a very thin layer.
Cashmere -
A luxury fiber obtained from the soft fleecy undergrowth of the Kashmir goat of Tibet, Mongolia, China, Iran, Iraq, and India. Most commonly used in sweaters, shawls, suits, coats, and dresses.
Cellulose -
A material derived from the cell walls of certain plants. Cellulose is used in the production of many vegetable fibers, as well as being the major raw material component used in the production of the manufactured fibers of acetate, rayon, and triacetate.
Challis -
A lightweight, soft plain weave fabric with a slightly brushed surface. The fabric is often printed, usually in a floral pattern. Challis is most often seen in fabrics made of cotton, wool, or rayon.
Chambray -
A plain woven fabric that can be made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers, but is most commonly cotton. It incorporates a colored warp (often blue) and white filling yarns
Chenille - 1.
A specialty yarn, characterized by a pile protruding on all sides, resembling a caterpillar. The yarn is produced by first weaving a fabric with a cotton or linen warp and a silk, wool, rayon, or cotton filling. The warp yarns are taped in groups of tightly woven filling yarns, which have been beaten in very closely. After weaving, the fabric is cut into strips between the yarn groups. Each cutting produces a continuous chenille yarn, which is then twisted, creating the chenille yarn, and giving the pile appearance on all sides of the yarn. The chenille yarn is used mainly for decorative fabrics, embroidery, tassels, and rugs. 2. A fabric woven from the chenille yarn.
Chiffon -
A plain woven lightweight, extremely sheer, airy, and soft silk fabric, containing highly twisted filament yarns. The fabric, used mainly in evening dresses and scarves, can also be made from rayon and other manufactured fibers.
Chino -
Classic all-cotton "Army twill" fabric made of combed two-ply yarns. Usually vat dyed, mercerized, and given a compressive shrinkage finish. Used traditionally for army uniforms, chino is now finding popularity sportswear and work clothes.
Chintz -
Glazed plain weave cotton fabric with a tioghtly spun fine warp and a coarser slack twist filling, often printed with brightly colored flowers or stripes. Named from Hindu word meaning spotted. Several types of glazes are used in the finishing process. Some glazes wash out in laundering, but others such as resin finishes are permanent. Unglazed chintz is called cretonne. Chintz end-uses include draperies, slipcovers, skirts, and summer dresses, and shirts.
Chintz -
A plain-weave fabric, which has been glazed to produce a polished look. Usually made of cotton, this fabric is most commonly used in blouses, dresses, draperies, and slipcovers.
Chlorinated Wool -
Wool in the fiber, yarn, or fabric form which are treated chemically to decrease felting shrinkage and increase ability to take dyes.
Circular Knit -
Weft knit fabric made on a circular needle-bed knitting machine, which produces fabric in tubular form. Common types include single or double knits. Seamless hosiery are also made on a circular knitting machine. Although allowances are made on the machine for knitting the welt and foot. See Knitting (Circular).
Cleaning -
Hand operation in which the basting threads are removed from the garment; usually done prior to the final pressing.
Clo Value -
A unit of thermal resistance. The insulation required to produce the necessary heat to keep an individual comfortable at 21 degrees Centigrade with air movement at .1 m/s. One clo is about equal to the insulation value of typical indoor clothing.
Closures -
Items used to close openings in apparel and other consumer textile products, i.e. buttons, buckles, hook and eye, snaps and zippers.
Coated Fabrics - Fabrics that have been coated with a lacquer, varnish, rubber, plastic resin of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, or other substance to make them longer lasting or impervious to water or other liquids.
Collar -
Two or more thicknesses of fabric attached to the neckhole opening to provide a firm and neat-appearing finish.
Collar (Banded) -
The visible or panel portion of the collar is cut separately and attached to the neckband portion. This is normal dress shirt construction.
Collar (convertible) -
The panel or visible portion of the collar and the neckband portion are cut as one piece, but folded once along the length to produce the appearance of a banded collar.
Collar (Lined) - A collar made by placing a piece of interlining between the two pieces of body fabric.
Collar (one piece) -
A collar constructed from a single piece of fabric with the center fold forming the outer edge.
Collar (padding) -
Attaching the under-collar to canvas with several rows of blindstitching.
Collar (sandwich) -
A collar which has the top-collar inserted between the canvas and the under-collar.
Collar (topstitched) -
A collar with an added row of stitching along the folded edges.
Collar (two-piece) -
A collar formed by joining two identical pieces, inverting and sometimes topstitching along the folded edges.
Color Abrasion -
Color changes in localized areas of a garment due to differential wear, such as the knees of blue jeans. Often evident in cross-dye shades of blends where durable press treatments are applied. Color abrasion is often called "frosting".
Colorfastness -
A term used to describe a dyed fabric's ability to resist fading due to washing, exposure to sunlight, and other environmental conditions.
Combing -
The combing process is an additional step beyond carding. In this process the fibers are arranged in a highly parallel form, and additional short fibers are removed, producing high quality yarns with excellent strength, fineness, and uniformity.
Comfort Stretch -
The term given to the freedom of movement experienced in the wearing of a garment that contains spandex, or has stretch engineered into a yarn through mechanical stretch construction.
Commercial Standards -
"Recorded voluntary standards of the trade." The U.S. Bureau of Standards issues Commercial Standards which are not laws, but are important as accepted voluntary benchmarks of performance and quality by the industry. These standards are usually referred to by number, and spell out test procedures and minimum performance guidelines.
Composite Fabric -
An engineered fabric made from two or more components. One component is often a strong fiber such as fiberglass, Kevlar®, or carbon fiber that gives the material its tensile strength, while another component (often called a matrix) is often a resin, such as polyester or epoxy that binds the fibers together.
Compression Fabric -
A high tenacity stretch fabric which, when in a close fitting garment, provides muscles with a firm compression fit that lessons vibrations, reduces fatigue, and keeps muscles energized. The fabric is usually made in a knit construction, using a series of gradient fibers with an open knit inner surface to create a moisture transfer environment.
Compression Stretch - The name given to the expansive stretch that is created by the spandex fibers used in the development of a compression fabric.
Continuous Cure -
A method of curing durable press garments which uses a moving conveyor system to carry garments into and out of the curing oven. Also known as continuous oven.
Continuous Filament - A long continuous, unbroken strand of fiber extruded from a spinneret in the form of a monofilament. Most manufactured fibers such as nylon, polyester, rayon, and acetate are made in continuous filament form.
Converter -
A person or a company which buys grey goods and sells them as finished fabrics. A converter organizes and manages the process of finishing the fabric to a buyers' specifications, particularly the bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Converter - A person or a company which buys grey goods and sells them as finished fabrics. A converter organizes and manages the process of finishing the fabric to a buyers' specifications, particularly the bleaching, dyeing, printing, etc.
Corduroy -
A fabric, usually made of cotton, utilizing a cut-pile weave construction. Extra sets of filling yarns are woven into the fabric to form ridges of yarn on the surface. The ridges are built so that clear lines can be seen when the pile is cut
Core Yarn -
A yarn in which one type of fiber is twisted or wrapped around another fiber that serves as a core. Core yarns are often used to make stretch fabrics where the core is spandex or rubber, and the outer wrapped fiber is a textured manufactured fiber such as polyester or nylon.
Core-Spun Yarns -
Consist of a filament base yarn, with an exterior wrapping of loose fiber which has not been twisted into a yarn. Polyester filament is often wrapped with a cotton outer layer in order to provide the strength and resiliency of polyester, along with the moisture-absorbent aesthetics and dye affinity of cotton. Sewing thread as well as household and apparel fabrics are made from these yarns.
Cotton -
A unicellular, natural fiber that grows in the seed pod of the cotton plant. Fibers are typically 1/2 inch to 2 inches long. The longest staple fibers, longer than 1 1/2 inch, including the Pima and Egyptian varieties, produce the highest quality cotton fabrics.
Count of Cloth -
The number of warp ends and picks per inch in a woven fabric. If a cloth is 68 X 72, it means there are 68 ends and 72 picks per inch in a woven fabric. A cloth that has the same number of ends and picks per inch in woven goods is called a square cloth. 80-square percale, for example, has 80 warp ends and 80 picks per inch.
Course -
The rows of loops or stitches running across a knitted fabric. Corresponds to the weft or filling in woven goods.
Crabbing -
A treatment used to set the cloth and yarn twists permanently in woolens and worsted goods.
Crease Resistant Finish - Also referred to as CRF. Finishes used on fabrics that make them resistant to wrinkling and creasing, such as synthetic resin type finishes like durable press. Today some fabrics are made highly resistant to wrinkling through fiber blending and construction.
Crease Retention -
The ability of a cloth to hold or pleat or a crease, which has been intentionally created, through the use of a heat treatment. Heat setting of thermoplastic fibers causes creases to be permanently set.
Crepe-back Satin -
A satin fabric in which highly twisted yarns are used in the filling direction. The floating yarns are made with low twist and may be of either high or low luster. If the crepe effect is the right side of the fabric, the fabric is called satin-back crepe.
Crinoline -
A lightweight, plain weave, stiffened fabric with a low yarn count (few yarns to the inch in each direction).
Crocking -
The rubbing-off of dye from a fabric. Crocking can be the result of lack of penetration of the dyeing agent, the use of incorrect dyes or dyeing procedures, or the lack of proper washing procedures and finishing treatments after the dyeing process.
Crocking -
The tendency of excess dyes to rub off. Napped and pile fabrics in deep colors are most likely to crock. Industry has set standards and tests to measure and prevent crocking.
Crotch Seam -
The short seam from the back of the pants fly to the inseam.
Cuff (lined) -
A cuff with interlining placed between the two pieces of body fabric.
Cuff (one-piece) -
A two-ply cuff formed by folding over a single piece of fabric, usually with a lining in between.
Cuff (topstitched) -
A cuff with an added row of stitching along the folded edges.
Cuff (two-piece) -
A cuff in which two identical pieces of fabric, usually with a lining in between, are joined by a seam along the edge, then turned and sometimes topstitched near the folded edges.
Cuprammonium -
A process of producing a type of regenerated rayon fiber. In this process, the wood pulp or cotton liners are dissolved in an ammoniac copper oxide solution. Bemberg rayon is a type of Cuprammonium rayon.
Curing -
A baking process with the use of resin finishes, applying heat under carefully controlled conditions to a fabric or the garment, which cause a reaction in the finishing agents and make them work. Crease-retention, water repellency, wrinkle resistance, and durable press are examples of finishes that are cured.
Cut-on-cross -
Fabric that is cut so that the warp runs horizontally across the garment piece.
Cut-on-fold -
Fabric that is doubled, then cut.
Damask -
A glossy jacquard fabric, usually made from linen, cotton, rayon, silk, or blends. The patterns are flat and reversible. The fabric is often used in napkins, tablecloths, draperies, and upholstery.
Dart (cut-in) -
An open dart cut in approximately 12" under the armhole.
Dart (front or double) -
An additional closed dart located toward the front edge of the garment, used to get maximum waist suppression.
Dart (panel) - A panel sewn full length to the front that is used for waist suppression.
Denier - A system of measuring the weight of a continuous filament fiber. In the United States, this measurement is used to number all manufactured fibers (both filament and staple), and silk, but excluding glass fiber. The lower the number, the finer the fiber; the higher the number, the heavier the fiber. Numerically, a denier is the equivalent to the weight in grams of 9,000 meters of continuous filament fiber.
Denier Per Filament - The size of an individual filament, or an individual staple fiber if it were continuous, The dpf is determined by dividing the yarn denier per filament by the number of filaments in the yarn.
Denim - True denim is a twill weave cotton-like fabric made with different colored yarns in the warp and the weft. Due to the twill construction, one color predominates on the fabric surface.
Dobby Weave - A decorative weave, characterized by small figures, usually geometric, that are woven into the fabric structure. Dobbies may be of any weight or compactness, with yarns ranging from very fine to coarse and fluffy. Standard dobby fabrics are usually flat and relatively fine or sheer. However, some heavyweight dobby fabrics are available for home furnishings and for heavy apparel
Doeskin - Generally used to describe a type of fabric finish in which a low nap is brushed in one direction to create a soft suede-like feel on the fabric surface. End-uses include billiard table surfaces and men's' sportswear.
Donegal Tweed - A medium to heavy, plain or twill weave fabric in which colorful yarn slubs are woven into the fabric. The name originally applied to a hand-woven woolen tweed fabric made in Donegal, Ireland. End-uses include winter coats and suits.
Dotted Swiss - A lightweight, sheer cotton or cotton blend fabric with a small dot flock-like pattern either printed on the surface of the fabric, or woven into the fabric. End-uses for this fabric include blouses, dresses, baby clothes, and curtains.
Double Cloth - A fabric construction, in which two fabrics are woven on the loom at the same time, one on top of the other. In the weaving process, the two layers of woven fabric are held together using binder threads. The woven patterns in each layer of fabric can be similar or completely different
Double Knit - A fabric knitted on a circular knitting machine using interlocking loops and a double stitch on a double needle frame to form a fabric with double thickness. It is the same on both sides. Today, most double knits are made of I5O denier polyester, although many lightweight versions are now being made using finer denier yarns and blends of filament and spun yarns.
Double Knit - A weft knit fabric in which two layers of loops are formed that cannot be separated. A double knit machine, which has two complete sets of needles, is required for this construction.
Double Weave - A woven fabric construction made by interlacing two or more sets of warp yarns with two or more sets of filling yarns. The most common double weave fabrics are made using a total of either four or five sets of yarns.
Down - The soft, fluffy fiber or underfeathers of ducks, geese, or other water fowl. Used primarily for insulation in outerwear garments.
Duck - A tightly woven, heavy, plain-weave, bottom-weight fabric with a hard, durable finish. The fabric is usually made of cotton, and is widely used in men's and women's slacks, and children's play clothes.
Durability - The ability of a fabric to resist wear through continual use.
Durable Press - A treatment applied to the fabric in the finishing process in which it maintains a smooth attractive appearance, resists wrinkling, and retains creases or pleats during laundering.
Durable Water Repellent (DWR) - Fabrics that retain their durability and their ability to repel water after wearing, washing, and cleaning. Typically involves a fabric with a coating
Dye (Piece) - Dyeing of the fabric into solid colors after weaving or knitting.
Dye (Yarn) - Dyeing of the yarn into solid colors before weaving or knitting.
Edge - The front margin of the garment that extends from front corner to front corner.
Edge Tape - A tape sewn along the front edge of a coat from top of the lapel to bottom of the facing. On less expensive coats, this tape starts at the bottom of the lapel (called the breakline). The tape is usually sewn with an edge-knife machine.
Elasticity - The ability of a fiber or fabric to return to its original length, shape, or size immediately after the removal of stress.
Embossing - A calendering process in which fabrics are engraved with the use of heated rollers under pressure to produce a raised design on the fabric surface.
Embroidery - An embellishment of a fabric or garment in which colored threads are sewn on to the fabric to create a design. Embroidery may be done either by hand or machine.
Encapsulation - A process in which the fibers of a fabric are coated with a filmy substance to create certain high performance qualities, such as breathability.
Ergonomic Seaming - This apparel construction technology is aimed at maximizing comfort and ease of movement. The key feature of this seaming technology is that the seams are constructed ergonomically. Therefore, the seams flow according to the body's natural movements, regardless of the type of activity engaged in by the wearer. The seams are placed away from potential pressure points, in order to maximize comfort and movement.
Ergonomics - The study of improving a garment design by enhancing the wearers' comfort, performance, or health.
Eyelet - A type of fabric which contains patterned cut-outs, around which stitching or embroidery may be applied in order to prevent the fabric from raveling.
Face Finished Fabrics - Fabrics which have surface treatments that provide a variety of looks and effects on the fabric surface. These include brushing, sanding, sueding, etc. The warp knit industry is specially innovative with face finishing techniques.
Facing - A piece of fabric that is sewn to the collar, front opening, cuffs, or arms eye of a garment to create a finished look.
Faille - A glossy, soft, finely-ribbed silk-like woven fabric made from cotton, silk, or manufactured fibers
Fell - To join two pieces of material with the edges folded together using double needle stitching.
Felt - A non-woven fabric made from wool, hair, or fur, and sometimes in combination with certain manufactured fibers, where the fibers are locked together in a process utilizing heat, moisture, and pressure to form a compact material.
Fiber - The basic entity, either natural or manufactured, which is twisted into yarns, and then used in the production of a fabric.
Fiberfill - Specially engineered manufactured fibers, which are used as filler material in pillows, mattresses, mattress pads, sleeping bags, comforters, quilts, and outerwear
Filament - A manufactured fiber of indefinite length (continuous), extruded from the spinneret during the fiber production process.
Filling - In a woven fabric, the yarns that run cross the fabric from selvage to selvage, and which run perpendicular to the warp or lengthwise yarns. Also referred to as the weft.
Findings - Any extra items attached to a garment during the manufacturing process. This can include trims, buttons, hooks, snaps, or embellishments.
Finished Fabric - A fabric that has gone through all the necessary finishing processes, and is ready to be used in the manufacturing of garments. These processes include bleaching, dyeing, printing, heat setting, etc.
Flame Resistant - Fabrics treated with special chemical agents or finishes to make them resistant to burning. Today many fabrics achieve this property by using fibers that have this property built directly into the polymer. A fabric is considered flame resistant if it passes federal specifications for specific end-uses.
Flame Retardant - A chemical applied to a fabric, or incorporated into the fiber at the time of production, which significantly reduces a fabric's flammability.
Flannel - A medium-weight, plain or twill weave fabric that is typically made from cotton, a cotton blend, or wool. The fabric has a very soft hand, brushed on both sides to lift the fiber ends out of the base fabric and create a soft, fuzzy surface. End-uses include shirts and pajamas.
Flannelette - A medium-weight, plain weave fabric with a soft hand, usually made from cotton. The fabric is usually brushed only on one side, and is lighter weight than flannel. End-uses include shirts and pajamas.
Flax - The plant from which cellulosic linen fiber is obtained. Linen is used in apparel, accessories, draperies, upholstery, tablecloths, and towels.
Fleece - The wool shorn from any sheep, or from any animal in the wool category.
Fleece Fabric - A lightweight fabric with a thick, heavy fleece-like surface. It may be a pile or napped fabric, or either woven or knit construction. End uses include coats, jackets, blankets, etc. Fleece fabrics are available in a variety of constuctions: 1) Polarfleece® is the original fleece fabric, developed in 1979, by Malden Mills. It is typically used for non-technical garments, and it is only available at Malden Mills®; 2) Polartec®, also developed by Malden Mills, was created for today's high-performance technical garments, which provides enhanced durability warmth, wind resistance, breathability and weather protection.
Flocking - A type of raised decoration applied to the surface of a fabric in which an adhesive is printed on the fabric in a specific pattern, and then finely chopped fibers are applied by means of dusting, air-brushing, or electrostatic charges. The fibers adhere only to the areas where the adhesive has been applied, and the excess fibers are removed by mechanical means.
Foulard - A lightweight twill-weave fabric, made from filament yarns like silk, acetate, polyester, with a small all-over print pattern on a solid background. The fabric is often used in men's ties.
Four-way Stretch - A fabric that stretches both on the crosswise and lengthwise grains of the fabric. It is the same as two-way stretch.
Front(stitched down) - A front the has a double-turned hem that is stiched down full length of the front. The term may also refer to the shell (outside) front of self-goods.
Full-cut - Not tapered.
Fungicide - Kills fungi.
Fungistat - Inhibits fungal growth.
Gabardine - A tightly woven, twilled, worsted fabric with a slight diagonal line on the right side. Wool gabardine is known as a year-round fabric for business suiting. Polyester, cotton, rayon, and various blends are also used in making gabardine.
Gauge - A measurement most commonly associated with knitting equipment. It can mean the number of needles per inch in a knitting machine. However, in full fashioned hosiery and sweater machines, the number of needles per 1-1/2 inches represents the gauge.
Gauze - A thin, sheer plain-weave fabric made from cotton, wool, silk, rayon, or other manufactured fibers. End-uses include curtains, apparel, trimmings, and surgical dressings.
Georgette - A sheer lightweight fabric, often made of silk or from such manufactured fibers as polyester, with a crepe surface. End-uses include dresses and blouses.
Geotextiles - Manufactured fiber materials made into a variety of fabric constructions, and used in a variety civil engineering applications.
Gingham - A medium weight, plain weave fabric with a plaid or check pattern. End-uses include dresses, shirts, and curtains.
Glass Fiber - An inorganic fiber which is very strong, but has poor flexibility and poor abrasion resistance. Glass will not burn and will not conduct electricity. It is impervious to insects, mildew, and sunlight. Today, the primary use of glass fiber is in such industrial applications as insulation or reinforcement of composite structures.
Gorge - The break between the collar and the lapel.
Greige Goods - An unfinished fabric, just removed from a knitting machine or a loom. Also called grey goods.
Hand - The way the fabric feels when it is touched. Terms like softness, crispness, dryness, silkiness are all terms that describe the hand of the fabric.
Hard Shell - A high-impact, abrasion-resistant outer fabric, which provides protection from the environment.
Heat Set Finish (Heat Sealing) - A process of heat finishing that will stabilize many manufactured fiber fabrics in order that there will not be any subsequent change in shape or size. Heat setting is used to permanently impart a crease, a pleat, or durability into a fabric or garment---a finish that will remain through repeated washings and dry cleanings.
Heather - A yarn that is spun using pre-dyed fibers. These fibers are blended together to give a particular look. (For example, black and white may be blended together to create a grey heathered yarn.) The term, heather, may also be used to describe the fabric made from heathered yarns.
Heavy Weight - Also called expedition weight. Most often use din base layers. Thick and warm, it is usually brushed on the inside for warmth and wicking, and smooth on the outside to protect.
Hem (clean) - The double fold of fabric secured with a row of stitching with the raw edge of the fabric buried within the fold.
Hem (raw) - A single fold of fabric secured with a row of stitching, leaving the raw edge of the fabric exposed.
Hemp - >A coarse, durable bast fiber obtained from the inner bark of the hemp plant. Used primarily in twines and cordages, and most recently apparel.
Herringbone - A variation on the twill weave construction in which the twill is reversed, or broken, at regular intervals, producing a zig-zag effect.
High Loft - A term given to a fiber structure that contains more air then fiber. It is a lofty, low-density material that is used in such applications as fiberfill, insulation, etc.
High Visability Fabrics - Fabrics that contain fluorescent materials in order to make the wearer visible in dim and dark lights. These fabrics have the ability to reflect on-coming lights, which cause them to glow in the dark.
Hollow Fiber - Manufactured fiber made with a hollow center.
Hollow Filament Fibers - Manufactured, continuous filament fibers that have a center void, which has been created through the introduction of air or other gas in the polymer solution, or by melt spinning through specially designed spinnerets during production.
Houndstooth Check - A variation on the twill weave construction in which a broken check effect is produced by a variation in the pattern of interlacing yarns, utilizing at least two different colored yarns.
Hydrophilic Fibers - Fibers that absorb water easily, take longer to dry, and require more ironing.
Hydrophobic Fibers - Fibers that lack the ability to absorb water.
Infusion Technology - An infused polymer construction process that reinforces the fabric of outerwear garments in the places where they take the most abuse: zipper and pocket flaps, and other high-abrasion areas. The technology blends polymers, penetrates deep into the inner fibers, and surrounds them to form a permanent bond. this tough, resilient matrix ensures a highly wear-resistant surface while allowing the fabric to remain lightweight and flexible. The infused polymer process eliminates the need for heavier-weight abrasion overlays, tapes anhd bindings, and adds increased strength to the most crucial points on the garment, which dramatically extends the life of the garment.
Inseam - The distance from the bottom of a trouser leg to the crotch. The measurement is taken along the inside leg seam that joins the front and the back leg panels.
Insulation - With respect to a fabric, a material that protects from the loss of warmth or the penetration of cold.
Interfacing - Fabrics used to support, reinforce and give shape to fashion fabrics in sewn products. Often placed between the lining and the outer fabric., it can be made from yarns or directly from fibers, and may be either woven, nonwoven, or knitted. Some interfacings are designed to be fused (adhered with heat from an iron), while others are meant to be stitched to the fashion fabric.
Interlining - An insulation, padding, or stiffening fabric, either sewn to the wrong side of the lining or the inner side of the outer shell fabric. The interlining is used primarily to provide warmth in coats, jackets, and outerwear.
Interlock - The stitch variation of the rib stitch, which resembles two separate 1 x 1 ribbed fabrics that are interknitted. Plain (double knit) interlock stitch fabrics are thicker, heavier, and more stable than single knit constructions.
Jacquard - Woven fabrics manufactured by using the Jacquard attachment on the loom. This attachment provides versatility in designs and permits individual control of each of the warp yarns. Thus, fabrics of almost any type or complexity can be made. Brocade and damask are types of jacquard woven fabrics.
Jacquard Knit - A weft double knit fabric in which a Jacquard type of mechanism is used. This device individually controls needles or small groups of needles, and allows very complex and highly patterned knits to be created.
Jersey Fabric - The consistent interlooping of yarns in the jersey stitch to produces a fabric with a smooth, flat face, and a more textured, but uniform back. Jersey fabrics may be produced on either circular or flat weft knitting machines.
Jersey Stitch - A basic stitch used in weft knitting, in which each loop formed in the knit is identical. The jersey stitch is also called the plain, felt, or stockinet stitch.
Jute - A bast fiber, chiefly from India, used primarily for gunny sacks, bags, cordage, and binding threads in carpets and rugs.
Kapok - A short, lightweight, cotton-like, vegetable fiber found in the seed pods of the Bombocaceae tree. Because of its brittle quality, it is generally not spun. However, its buoyancy and moisture resistance makes it ideal for use in cushions, mattresses, and life jackets.
Knit Fabric - Fabrics made from only one set of yarns, all running in the same direction. Some knits have their yarns running along the length of the fabric, while others have their yarns running across the width of the fabric. Knit fabrics are held together by looping the yarns around each other. Knitting creates ridges in the resulting fabric. Wales are the ridges that run lengthwise in the fabric; courses run crosswise.
Knit-de-knit - A type of yarn texturizing in which a crimped yarn is made by knitting the yarn into a fabric, and then heat-setting the fabric. The yarn is then unraveled from the fabric and used in this permanently crinkled form.
Knitting (Circular) - A weft knitting process where the fabric is a tube,.with the threads running continuously around the fabric. Double-knit fabrics are produced on a circular knitting machine equipped with two sets of latch needles situated at right angles to each other.
Knitting (Flat or Single) - A weft knitting process where the fabric is in flat form. The threads run back and forth across the fabric. Shape can be added in the knitting process by increasing or decreasing the loops or stitches. Full-fashioned garments are made on a flat-knitting machine.
Knitting (Raschel) - A versatile warp knitting made in plain and jacquard patterns; the fabrics are coarser than other warp knits. Raschel knitting machines have one or two sets of latch needles and up to thirty sets of guides that enable them to create a wide range of fabrics.
Knitting (Warp) - A type of knitting in which the yarns generally run lengthwise in the fabric. The yarns are prepared as warps on beams. Examples of this type of knitting include tricot, Milanese, and Raschel knitting.
Knitting (Weft) - A type of knitting, in which one continuous thread runs crosswise in the fabric making all of the loops in one course. Weft knitting types are circular and flat knitting.
Lamb's Wool - The first clip of wool sheered from lambs up to eight months old. The wool is soft, slippery and resilient. It is used in fine grade woolen fabrics.
Lame' - A woven fabric using flat silver or gold metal threads to create either the design or the background in the fabric.
Laminated Fabric - A term used to describe fabrics which have been joined together through the use of a high-strength reinforcing scrim or base fabrics between two plies of flexible thermoplastic film.. It can a bonded utilizing either foam itself, or some other material, such as adhesives, heat, or chemical bonding agents.. See BONDING.
Lapel - The part of a garment that is turned back in the front. The front fold on a shirt that is a continuation of the collar.
Lapels (padding) - Attaching the lapel to canvas with several rows of blindstitching.
Latent Heat - The quantity of heat absorbed or released by a substance undergoing a change of state, such as ice changing to water or water to steam, at constant temperature and pressure. When a solid material is heated and reaches its melting point, it goes from solid to liquid. During this process the material absorbs a certain amount of heat, Despite the heat input, the temperature of the material stays at a relatively constant level, even though phase change is taking place. We thus speak of latent (concealed) heat having been taken up by the material.
Lawn - A light, fine cloth made using carded or combed, linen or cotton yarns. The fabric has a crease-resistant, crisp finish. Linen lawn is synonymous with handkerchief linen. Cotton lawn is a similar type of fabric, which can be white, solid colored, or printed.
Left-hand twill - Any twill weave which runs from the left. The twill or diagonal line on the face of the fabric will run from the upper left-hand corner to the lower right-hand corner of the fabric.
Leight Weight - Having an airy weave. Used as a light weight base layer in apparel for aerobic activities and cool weather.
Leno Weave - A construction of woven fabrics in which the resulting fabric is very sheer, yet durable. In this weave, two or more warp yarns are twisted around each other as they are interlaced with the filling yarns; thus securing a firm hold on the filling yarn and preventing them from slipping out of position. Also called the gauze weave. Leno weave fabrics are frequently used for window treatments, because their structure gives good durability with almost no yarn slippage, and permits the passage of light and air.
Linen - A fabric made from linen fibers obtained from inside the woody stem of the flax plant. Linen fibers are much stronger and more lustrous than cotton. Linen fabrics are very cool and absorbent, but wrinkle very easily, unless blended with manufactured fibers. Linen is one of the oldest textile fibers.
Lining - A fabric that is used to cover the inside of a garment to provide a finished look. Generally, the lining is made of a smooth lustrous fabric.
Loft - High loft is thick and fluffy, low loft is thin and dense. The higher the loft, the better the insulation characteristic.
Loom - A machine used for weaving fabrics.
Loom-Finished - Material sold in the same condition in which the goods came from the loom---duck, webbing, canvas, burlap, etc.
Lyocell Fiber - A manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose. Lyocell has a similar hand and drape as rayon, but is stronger, more durable, and in many cases machine washable. It has a subtle luster and is rich in color. Lyocell possesses low shrinkage characteristics, as well as good absorbency and wrinkle resistant qualities.
Madras - A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric with a striped, plaid, or checked pattern. A true madras will bleed when washed. This type of fabric is usually imported from India. End-uses are men's and women's shirts and dresses.
Matelassé - A medium to heavyweight luxury fabric made in a double cloth construction to create a blistered or quilted surface. Common end-uses are upholstery, draperies, and evening dresses.
Melton - A heavyweight, dense, compacted, and tightly woven wool or wool blend fabric used mainly for coats.
Membrane - A thin, soft material made from a polymer which is laminated to the fabric to provide properties such as strength, water-proofing or wind-proofing to enhance the fabric?s performance.
Mercerization - A process of treating a cotton yarn or fabric, in which the fabric or yarn is immersed in a caustic soda solution and later neutralized in acid. The process causes a permanent swelling of the fiber, resulting in an increased luster on the surface of the fabric, an increased affinity for dyes, and increased strength.
Merino - A type of wool that originates from pure-bred Merino sheep. The best Merino wool comes from Italy.
Mesh - A type of fabric characterized by its net-like open appearance, and the spaces between the yarns. Mesh is available in a variety of constructions including wovens, knits, laces, or crocheted fabrics.
Metallic - An inorganic fiber made from minerals and metals, blended and extruded to form fibers. The fiber is formed from a flat ribbon of metal, coated with a protective layer of plastic, which reduces tarnishing. Metal used in apparel fabric is purely decorative.
Microclimate - The temperature and humidity of the space between your skin and the base layer of clothing.
Micro-encapsulation - A method of enclosing polymer additive materials in microscopic capsules, which can then be released under certain conditions to enhance performance properties.
Microfibers/Microdeniers - The name given to ultra-fine manufactured fibers and the name given to the technology of developing these fibers. Fibers made using microfiber technology, produce fibers which weigh less than 1.0 denier. The fabrics made from these extra-fine fibers provide a superior hand, a gentle drape, and incredible softness. Comparatively, microfibers are two times finer than silk, three times finer than cotton, eight times finer than wool, and one hundred times finer than a human hair. Currently, there are four types of microfibers being produced. These include acrylic microfibers, nylon microfibers, polyester microfibers, and rayon microfibers.
Microfleece - A soft, luxorous fabric with a velvety feel.
Micron - A unit of measure that describes the average staple fiber diameter in a lot of wool. Over he past 30 years, the Micron measurement has evolved to become the predominant term used commercially to describe the fineness of a wool fiber. A Micron is determined by the actual measurement when the wool lots are tested for sale during wool processing. Most wool fibers range in the area of 18-40 micron. Merino wool falls into the 18-24 micron range. The 25-32 micron, medium range wool, is usually defined by the word "Shetland", and is used in such applications as blankets and knitwear apparel. The 33-40 range Micron usually describes the wool most often used in the carpet industry.
Microporous - A coating on a fabric that breathes through microscopic pores.
Middle Weight - A weave that is tighter than lightweight, which combines warmth and wickability.
Modacrylic Fiber - A manufactured fiber similar to acrylic in characteristics and end-uses. Modacrylics have a higher resistance to chemicals and combustion than acrylic, but also have a lower safe ironing temperature and a higher specific gravity than acrylic.
Mohair - Hair fibers from the Angora goat. End-uses include sweaters, coats, suits, and scarves.
Moiré/Watermarked - A corded fabric, usually made from silk or one of the manufactured fibers, which has a distinctive water-marked wavy pattern on the face of the fabric.
Moisture Regain - The amount of water a completely dry fiber will absorb from the air at a standard condition of 70 degrees F and a relative humidity of 65%. Expressed as a % of the dry fiber weight.
Moisture Transport - The movement of water from one side of a fabric to the other, caused by capillary action, wicking, chemical or electrostatic action.
Monk's Cloth - A heavy weight cotton fabric utilizing the basket weave variation of the plain weave. Used for draperies and slip covers, monk's cloth is an example of 4 x 4 basket weave. It has poor dimensional stability and tends to snag.
Monofilament - Any single filament, generally a coarser manufactured fiber. Monofilaments are generally spun individually, rather than being extruded through the spinneret in groups of filaments. Cross-sections may be of various shapes.
Monofilament - A single filament of a manufactured fiber, usually made in a denier higher than 14. Monofilaments are usually spun singularly, rather than extruded as a group of filaments through a spinneret and spun into a yarn. End-uses include hosiery and sewing thread.
Muslin - An inexpensive, medium weight, plain weave, low count (less than 160 threads per square inch) cotton sheeting fabric. In its unfinished form, it is commonly used in fashion design to make trial garments for preliminary fit.
Nainsook - A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric, usually finished to create a luster and a soft hand. Common end-uses are infants' wear, blouses, and lingerie.
Nano-fiber - Nano refers to 1 billionth of a meter, or 1 x 10-8 centimeter. 150,000 strands of a nano-fiber can fit across a human hair.
Nano-technology - Complex technology that involves nano-size materials and combines science such as biology, chemistry and physics and engineering.
Nap - A fuzzy, fur-like feel created when fiber ends extend from the basic fabric structure to the fabric surface. The fabric can be napped on either one or both sides.
Napping - The raising of fibers on the face of the goods by means of teasels or rollers covered with card clothing (steel wires) that are about one inch in height. Action by either method raises the protruding fibers and causes the finished fabric to provide greater warmth to the wearer, makes the cloth more compact, causes the fabric to become softer in hand or smoother in feel, increases durability and covers the minute areas between the interlacings or the warp and the filling.
Net - An open mesh fabric of rayon, nylon, cotton, or silk; made in a variety of geometric-shaped meshes of different sizes and weights, matched to various end-uses. The net is made by knotting the intersections of thread or cord to form the mesh.
Net - An open fabric, which is created by connecting the intersections in a woven, knitted, or crocheted construction to form a mesh-like appearance that won't ravel. End-uses include veils, curtains, and fish nets.
Ninon - A lightweight, plain weave, made of silk or manufactured fibers, with an open mesh-like appearance. Since the fabric is made with high twist filament yarns, it has a crisp hand. End uses include eveningwear and curtains.
Nonwoven Fabric - A textile structure held together by interlocking of fibers in a random web, accomplished by mechanical, chemical, thermal or solvent means. Generally, crimped fibers that range in length from 0.75 to 4.5 inches are used.
Novelty Yarn - A yarn that is intentionally produced to have a special or unique effect. These effects can be produced by twisting together uneven single yarns, by using yarns that contain irregularities, or by twisting yarns that contain a color variance. A slubbed yarn is an example of a novelty yarn.
Nylon - Produced in 1938, the first completely synthetic fiber developed. Known for its high strength and excellent resilience, nylon has superior abrasion resistance and high flexibility.
Nytril - A manufactured fiber, most often used in sweaters or pile fabrics, where little or no pressing is recommended, as the fiber has a low softening or melting point. However, it has also been successfully used in blends with wool for the purpose of minimizing shrinkage and improving the shape retention in garments.
Off-pressing - Pressing done after the garment is completely sewn.
Olefirn (polyolefin/polypropylene) - A manufactured fiber characterized by its light weight, high strength, and abrasion resistance. Olefin is also good at transporting moisture, creating a wicking action. End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.
Open-shoulder construction - A method used onb better coats that is characterized by hand-sewn lining shoulder seams.
Organdy - A stiffened, sheer, lightweight plain weave fabric, with a medium to high yarn count. End-uses include blouses, dresses, and curtains/draperies.
Organza - A crisp, sheer, lightweight plain weave fabric, with a medium to high yarn count, made of silk, rayon, nylon, or polyester. The fabric is used primarily in evening and wedding apparel for women.
Osnaburg - A tough medium to heavyweight coarsely woven plain weave fabric, usually made of a cotton or cotton/poly blend. Lower grades of the unfinished fabric are used for such industrial purposes as bags, sacks, pipe coverings. Higher grades of finished osnaburg can be found in mattress ticking, slipcovers, workwear, and apparel.
Ottoman - A tightly woven plain weave ribbed fabric with a hard slightly lustered surface. The ribbed effect is created by weaving a finer silk or manufactured warp yarn with a heavier filler yarn, usually made of cotton, wool, or waste yarn. In the construction, the heavier filler yarn is completely covered by the warp yarn, thus creating the ribbed effect. End uses for this fabric include coats, suits, dresses, upholstery, and draperies.
Outseam - The distance from the bottom of the trouser leg to the top of the pant at the waist. The measurement is taken along the outside leg seam that joins the front and back leg panels, and includes the width of the waistband.
Oven - Enclosed heating equipment used by garment manufacturers to apply heat for the purpose of applying heat to a garment to set, or cure (bake), a durable press finish on the article.
Oxford - A fine, soft, lightweight woven cotton or blended with manufactured fibers in a 2 x 1 basket weave variation of the plain weave construction. The fabric is used primarily in shirtings.
Paisley - A tear-drop shaped, fancy printed pattern, used in dresses, blouses, and men's ties.
Panné Velvet - A type of lustrous, lightweight velvet fabric, usually made of silk or a manufactured fiber, in which the pile has been flattened in one direction.
Parachute Fabric - A compactly woven, lightweight fabric comparable with airplane cloth. It is made of silk, nylon, rayon, cotton, or polyester.
Peau de Soie - A heavy twill weave drapeable satin fabric, made of silk or a manufactured fiber, and used for bridal gowns and eveningwear.
Percale - A medium weight, plain weave, low to medium count (180 to 250 threads per square inch) cotton-like fabric. End-uses include sheets, blouses, and dresses.
Performance Fabrics - Fabrics made for a variety of end-use applications, which provide functional qualitites, such as moisture management, UV protection, anti-microbial, thermo-regulation, and wind/water resistance.
Permanent Press (Durable Press) - Terms used to describe a garment which has been treated to retain its fresh appearance, crease, and shape throughout the life of the garment, Permanent press can be a misleading description, because no finish is completely permanent. Durable press or crease resistant are the more accepted terms, and are the ones approved by the Federal Trade Commission.
Permeability - A textile characteristic which allows air, water, and water vapor to penetrate and pass through it.
Perspiration Resistant - A treatment on a fabric which allows a fabric or a dye to resist perspiration.
Phase Change Materials - A hydrophilic compound applied to a fiber or fabric which results in superior breathability and a moisture management system within the fabric that helps to maintain a comfortable body temperature when the garment is worn.
Pick - A filling yarn that runs crosswise between selveges in woven goods. The pick intersects with the warp (or lengthwise yarn) to form a woven cloth.
Pile Fabric - A fabric in which certain yarns project from a foundation texture and form a pile on the surface. Pile yarns may be cut or uncut in the fabric. Corduroy and velveteen are examples of cut filling pile fabrics.
Pile Knit - A type of knit construction which utilizes a special yarn or a sliver that is interlooped into a standard knit base. This construction is used in the formation of imitation fur fabrics, in special liners for cold weather apparel such as jackets and coats, and in some floor coverings. While any basic knit stitch may be used for the base of pile knits, the most common is the jersey stitch.
Pile Weave - A type of decorative weave in which a pile is formed by additional warp or filling yarns interlaced in such a way that loops are formed on the surface or face of the fabric. The loops may be left uncut, or they may be cut to expose yarn ends and produce cut pile fabric.
Pill - A tangled ball of fibers that appears on the surface of a fabric, as a result of wear or continued friction or rubbing on the surface of the fabric.
Piping - A narrow tape used to bind seams, or used for decoration.
Pique - A knitted fabric that resembles a lightweight Bedford cord, with the wales or cords running in the warpwise or lengthwise direction.
Piqué - A medium-weight fabric, either knit or woven, with raised dobby designs including cords, wales, waffles, or patterns. Woven versions have cords running lengthwise, or in the warp direction. Knitted versions are double-knit fabric constructions, created on multi-feed circular knitting machines.
Plaid - A pattern consisting of colored bars or stripes which cross each other at right angles, comparable with a Scottish tartan.
Plain Edge (Bluff Edge) - A construction in which the edges of the garment are not stitched.
Plain Weave - A basic weave, utilizing a simple alternate interlacing of warp and filling yarns. Any type of yarn made from any type of fiber can be manufactured into a plain weave fabric.
Plaited Fabric - A narrow fabric made by crossing a number of sturdy yarns diagonally, so each strand passes alternatively over or under one or more of the other stands. Typically used in shoe laces and suspenders.
Plaited Yarn - A yarn covered by another yarn.
Pleats - A portion of the fabric folded over, and secured by stitching or pressing.
Plied Yarn - A twisting together of two or more single yarns in one operation.
Plissé - A lightweight, plain weave, fabric, made from cotton, rayon, or acetate, and characterized by a puckered striped effect, usually in the warp direction. The crinkled effect is created through the application of a caustic soda solution, which shrinks the fabric in the areas of the fabric where it is applied. Plissé is similar in appearance to seersucker. End-uses include dresses, shirtings, pajamas, and bedspreads.
Ply - Two or more yarns that have been twisted together. An automobile tire fabric yarn may be 9, 10, or 11 ply.
Pocket (patch) - A pocket attached to the outside of the garment and constructed of self-fabric.
Pocket (quarter) - The angle from the side seam.
Pocket (rule) - A patch pocket attached on the outseam, halfway betweeen the hip and the knee of the garment; usually found on coveralls.
Pocket (serged) - A pocket formed by joining two pieces of fabric and joining the edges with safety-stitching.
Pocket (slash) - A pocket that must be entered through a slash on the garment. The pocket pouch is suspended from and attached to the slash.
Pocket (stitch and turn) - Formed when two pieces of fabric are joined along the edges and turned so that the raw seam margin is inside of the finished pocket.
Pocket (stitched/topstitched) - The same as stitch and turn pocket, except with an added row of stitching along the folded edges.
Pocket (swing) - The pocket pouch is suspended from and attached to the pocket opening.
Pocket Facing - A piece of shell (outer) material super-imposed on the top of the pocket material at its opening to conceal the lining.
Polyester - A manufactured fiber introduced in the early 1950s, and is second only to cotton in worldwide use. Polyester has high strength (although somewhat lower than nylon), excellent resiliency, and high abrasion resistance. Low absorbency allows the fiber to dry quickly.
Polymer - A high molecular weight structure, which makes up the substance from which manufactured fibers are produced. The fiber is created by linking together the chain-like molecular units called monomers.
Polypropylene (Olefin or Polyolefin - A manufactured fiber characterized by its light weight, high strength, and abrasion resistance. Polypropylene is also good at transporting moisture, creating a wicking action. End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery.
Pongee - The most common form is a naturally colored lightweight, plain weave, silk-like fabric with a slubbed effect. End-uses include blouses, dresses, etc.
Poplin - A fabric made using a rib variation of the plain weave. The construction is characterized by having a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling. Poplin used to be associated with casual clothing, but as the "world of work" has become more relaxed, this fabric has developed into a staple of men's wardrobes, being used frequently in casual trousers.
Post-Cure - A type of durable press finish in which the finish is applied to the fabric by the mill, but the garment manufacturer completes the cure of the finish by applying heat, using an oven, or press, or both to the completed garment.
Pre-Cure - A finishing treatment in which the durable press finish is applied to the fabric and set, or cured, through the use of heat at the mill, prior to shipment of the fabric to the garment manufacturer.
Pre-Shrunk - Fabrics which have received a treatment, which causes shrinking. Often done on cottons before cutting the fabric in order to remove the tendency for shrinkage in the finished garment. The percent of residual shrinkage must be indicated on the label of the treated goods or garments.
Press - 1. A device that uses heat and pressure to remove wrinkles and creases and smooth fabrics during garment construction. 2. A device used to press or compress raw materials. 3. To iron in the home or commercial laundry. 4. To squeeze liquid out of a fabric through the use of roller presses.
PTFE Fabric - A fabric made from Polytetrafluoroethylene, such as Gore-Tex.
Pucker - The uneven surface caused by differential shrinkage in the two layers of a bonded fabric during processing, dry cleaning, or washing.
Purl Stitch - A basic stitch used in weft knitting, which produces knit fabrics that have the same appearance on both sides. The purl stitch is frequently used in combination with the jersey and rib stitches to produce a knitted fabric design. Sweaters, knitted fabrics for infants and children's wear, knitted fabrics for specialized sportswear, and bulky knit fabrics are commonly made using the purl stitch.
Quilting - A fabric construction in which a layer of down or fiberfill is placed between two layers of fabric, and then held in place by stitching or sealing in a regular, consistent, all-over pattern on the goods.
Ramie - A bast fiber, similar to flax, taken from the stalk of a plant grown in China.
Raschel Knit - A warp knitted fabric in which the resulting knit fabric resembles hand crocheted fabrics, lace fabrics, and nettings. Raschel warp knits contain inlaid connecting yarns in addition to columns of knit stitches.
Rayon - A manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose, derived from wood pulp, cotton linters, or other vegetable matter. Today, various names for rayon fibers are taken from different manufacturing processes. The two most commonly used production methods for rayon are the cuprammonium process and the viscose process.
Repellency - The ability of a fabric to resist such things as wetting and staining by water, stains, soil, etc.
Resiliency - The ability of a fabric to spring back to its original shape after being twisted, crushed, wrinkled, or distorted in any way.
Resin - The name commonly applied to synthetic chemical compounds polymerized on the fabric or yarn to give wash-and-wear and durable press properties, crush resistance, dimentional stability, and hand to fabrics.
Resin-Treated - A finishing process associated with the application of synthetic chemical compounds to the fabric to provide wrinkle-resistance, wash-and-wear characteristics, or an improved hand.
Rib Knit - A basic stitch used in weft knitting in which the knitting machines require two sets of needles operating at right angles to each other. Rib knits have a very high degree of elasticity in the crosswise direction. This knitted fabric is used for complete garments and for such specialized uses as sleeve bands, neck bands, sweater waistbands, and special types of trims for use with other knit or woven fabrics. Lightweight sweaters in rib knits provide a close, body-hugging fit.
Rib Weave - One of the plain weave variations, which is formed by using: 1) heavy yarns in the warp or filling direction, or 2) a substantially higher number of yarns per inch in one direction than in the other, or 3) several yarns grouped together as one. Rib fabrics are all characterized by having a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling. Such fabrics may have problems with yarn slippage, abrasion resistance, and tear strength. Examples of this construction include broadcloth, poplin, taffeta, faille, shantung, and cord fabric.
Ribbon - A fillet or narrow woven fabric of varying widths, commonly one-quarter to three inches, having selvage edges, chiefly or rayon, silk, or velvet, and used for braiding, decoration, trimmings, etc.
Rickrack - Flat braid in a zig-zag formation. Made from several types if fibers, it is used for many kinds of trimming on apparel.
Ring Spinning - A system of spinning, using a ring spinning frame that drafts the roving, twists the yarn, and winds it on the bobbin continuously and simultaneously on one operation. Modern ring frames are suitable for spinning all counts up to 150s.
Rip-stop Nylon - A lightweight, wind resistant, and water resistant plain weave fabric. Large rib yarns stop tears without adding excess weight to active sportswear apparel and outdoor equipment such as sleeping bags and tents.
Rise - The length of trouser from the top of the waistband at the fly opening, around the crotch, to the top of the back waistband at the center.
Sailcloth - Any heavy, plain-weave canvas fabric, usually made of cotton, linen, polyester, jute, nylon, etc. that is used for sails and apparel (i.e. bottomweight sportswear).
Sanforized - Registered trademark of Cluett, Peabody & Co. for fabrics processed by machine so that residual shrinkage will not exceed 1% in either direction (according to the U.S.?s standard wash test CCC-T-191a),, despite repeated washings.
Saran Fiber - A manufactured fiber which has an excellent resistance to sunlight and weathering, and is used in lawn furniture, upholstery, and carpets.
Sateen Fabric - A fabric made from yarns with low luster, such as cotton or other staple length fibers. The fabric has a soft, smooth hand and a gentle, subtle luster. Sateen fabrics are often used for draperies and upholstery.
Sateen Weave - A variation of the satin weave, produced by floating fill yarns over warp yarns.
Satin Fabric - A traditional fabric utilizing a satin weave construction to achieve a lustrous fabric surface. Satin is a traditional fabric for evening and wedding garments. Typical examples of satin weave fabrics include: slipper satin, crepe-back satin, faille satin, bridal satin, moleskin, and antique satin.
Satin Weave - A basic weave, characterized by long floats of yarn on the face of the fabric. The yarns are interlaced in such a manner that there is no definite, visible pattern of interlacing and, in this manner, a smooth and somewhat shiny surface effect is achieved. The shiny surface effect is further increased through the use of high luster filament fibers in yarns which also have a low amount of twist. A true satin weave fabric always has the warp yarns floating over filling yarns.
Saxony - Originally a high grade coating fabric made from Saxony merino wool raised in Germany.
Schiffli Embroidery - Originated in Switzerland, the word, Schiffli, means "boat", identifiable with the boat-shaped shuttle used in the frame. The lace effect is made by embroidering the motifs on a net ground.
Seam (book/booking) - The raw edge hem done on a blindstitch machine, usually sewn in the side ans back seam outlets, and on the bottom turn-up.
Seam (french) - A closure between two pieces of material, made by stitching,turning, and restitching, so as to conceal all raw edges.
Seam (open gorge) - Both the collar and the facing are turned under, basted, and then the seam is felled (edges folded together) from the outside.
Seam (raised) - A seam resulting after two pieces of fabric have been joined; one piece is folded back, and a second row of stitching is placed adjacent to the folded edge.
Seamless Knitting - A unique process of circular knitting, done on either Santoni or Sangiacomo knitting machines. This circular knitting process essentially produces finished garments with no side seams, which require only minimal sewisng to complete the garment. Seamless knitting can transform yarn into complete garments in a fraction of the time it takes for traditional garment manufacturing, by minimizing the traditional labor-intensive steps of sutting and sewing.
Seamless Technology - This term can refer to either "seamless knitting" (See Seamless Knitting), or "welding/bonding technology", which uses a bonding agent to attach two pieces of fabric together, and eliminates the need for sewing threads. (See welding.)
Seat - The circumference of a pant, measured perpendicular to the fly opening and from the base of the fly.
Seersucker - A woven fabric which incorporates modification of tension control. In the production of seersucker, some of the warp yarns are held under controlled tension at all times during the weaving, while other warp yarns are in a relaxed state and tend to pucker when the filling yarns are placed. The result produces a puckered stripe effect in the fabric. Seersucker is traditionally made into summer sportswear such as shirts, trousers, and informal suits.
Self-goods - When the same material is used as a pocket lining, or in a waistband, collar and fly construction. Also called shell.
Selvage or Selvedge - The thin compressed edge of a woven fabric which runs parallel to the warp yarns and prevents raveling. It is usually woven, utilizing tougher yarns and a tighter construction than the rest of the fabric.
Serge - A fabric with a smooth hand that is created by a two-up, two-down twill weave.
Serging - An overcasting technique done on the cut edge of a fabric to prevent raveling.
Shantung - A medium-weight, plain weave fabric, characterized by a ribbed effect, resulting from slubbed yarns used in the warp or filling direction. End-uses include dresses and suits.
Sharkskin - A hard-finished, low lustered, medium-weight fabric in a twill-weave construction. It is most commonly found in men's worsted suitings; however, it can also be found in a plain-weave construction of acetate, triacetate, and rayon for women's sportswear.
Shell - A fabric from which the garment is made.
Shuttle - The boat-like devise on weaving machines, which carries the filling yarn wound on the bobbin. The shuttle moves from the shuttle box on one side of the loom, through the shed, and onto the shuttle box at the other side of the loom.
Side Opening - An opening created by the facing tacked onto the swing pockets. It allows the wearer access to his trouser pockets. Typically found on coveralls.
Silk - A natural filament fiber produced by the silkworm in the construction of its cocoon. Most silk is collected from cultivated worms; Tussah silk, or wild silk, is a thicker, shorter fiber produced by worms in their natural habitat. All silk comes from Asia, primarily China.
Singeing - Process of burning off protruding fibers from fabrics to give the fabric a smooth surface.
Sisal - A strong bast fiber that originates from the leaves of the Agave plant, which is found in the West Indies, Central America, and Africa. End-uses include cordage and twine.
Sizing - The application of a size mixture to warp yarn. The purpose of this is to make the yarn smoother and stronger to withstand the strain of weaving, to provide an acceptable hand in the woven gray goods, and to increase fabric weight.
Sleeve Length - The sleeves measured from the center of the neckline in the back to the end of the sleeve or cuff.
Sleeve Tacking - Stitches which attach the sleeve to the lining along the sleeve inseams and elbow seams.
Sleeve Vent - A finished slit or opening in the sleeve. Vents are usually secured by snaps or buttons at the base of the cuff.
Sliver - A continuous bundle of loosely assembled untwisted fibers. These are fibers that are drawn from the card by the drawing frames, and are eventually twisted into a yarn during the sliver knitting process.
Sliver Knitting - A type of circular knitting in which a high pile fabric is knitted by the drawing-in of the sliver by the knitting needles.
Smart Textiles - Textiles that can sense and react to changes in the environment, such as changes from mechanical , thermal, chemical, magnetic and other sources.
Soft Shell - Soft shell fabrics combine the benefits of hard shell fabrics with a breathable, flexible, comfortable fabric. Stretch wovens with a DWR treatment.
Soil Release - A finish that has the purpose of increasing the absorbency of a fabric. on durable press blends. The finish allows the stain to leave the fabric faster, increases the wicking action for improved comfort, and therefore imparts greater ease in cleaning. Some soil release finishes also provide resistance to soiling as well as ease of soil removal.
Solution-dyed - A type of fiber dyeing in which colored pigments are injected into the spinning solution prior to the extrusion of the fiber through the spinneret. Fibers and yarns colored in this manner are color-fast to most destructive agents.
Spacer Fabric - Two separate fabrics faces knitted independently and then connected by a separate spacer yarn. These fabrics can be produced on both circular and flat knitting machines. Spacer fabrics have the properties of good breathability, crush resistance, and a 3D appearance.
Spandex Fiber - A manufactured elastomeric fiber that can be repeatedly stretched over 500% without breaking, and will still recover to its original length.
SPF (Sun Protection Factor) - SPF measures the effectiveness of sunscreen on the body. the test for SPF is done by using a living organism or body to measure the length of time it takes for the skin to redden without coverage or protection.
Spinneret - A metal nozzle type device with very fine holes used in the spinning process of manufactured fibers. The spinning solution is forced or extruded through the small holes to form continuous filament fibers. The holes in the spinneret can vary in diameter to produce fibers of various denier.
Spinning - This final operation in the production of a natural yarn, consists of of the drawing, twisting, and the winding of the newly spun yarn onto a device such as a bobbin, spindle, cop, tube, cheese, etc. In manufactured fibers, the spinning process is the extrusion of a spinning solution into a coagulation bath, a heated air chamber, or a cooling area in order to form a continuous filament or tow.
Sponging - A pre-shrinkage process which involves the dampening with a sponge to woolen and worsted fabrics. The process is accomplished by rolling in moist muslin, or by steaming. This procedure is performed at the fabric mill prior to cutting to insure against a contraction of the material in the garment.
Spot Weave - A woven construction in which patterns are built in at spaced intervals through the use of extra warp and/or extra fill yarns are placed in selected areas. These yarns are woven into the fabric by means of a dobby or Jacquard attachment.
Spun Yarn - A yarn made by taking a group of short staple fibers, which have been cut from the longer continuous filament fibers, and then twisting these short staple fibers together to form a single yarn, which is then used for weaving or knitting fabrics.
Stain Repellent - The ability of a fabric to resist wetting and staining by water.
Stain Resistance - A fiber or fabric property of resisting spots and stains.
Staple Fibers - Short fibers, typically ranging from 1/2 inch up to 18 inches long. Wool, cotton, and flax exist only as staple fibers. Manufactured staple fibers are cut to a specific length from the continuous filament fiber. Usually the staple fiber is cut in lengths ranging from 1-1/2 inches to 8 inches long. A group of staple fibers are twisted together to form a yarn, which is then woven or knit into fabrics.
Stay - A piece of fabric used to hold another piece of fabric in place, or to add strength to a seam or tack.
Stitch (Backstitch) - Used at the beginning and end of stitching to reinforce and prevent raveling. Also called backtack or stay-stitch.
Stitch (Baste) - A stitching which holds the fabric in place until permanent stitching has been completed.
Stitch (Blind) - A stich that is not visible on one side of the fabric.
Stitch (Chain/Class 100) - A stitch formed with one or more needle threads, the look=ps of which are passed through the material and through the loops of the preceding threads.
Stitch (Contrasting) - When the stitching thread contrasts the garment color.
Stitch (Dbl. lock/class 400 - A stitch formed with two or more groups of threads that interlace each other. The loops of needle thread are passed through the material where they are secured by looper threads; no bobbins used. This stitching ravels in one direction.
Stitch (Flat seam/class 600) - Multi-needle stitches that provide the elasticity necessary for knits.
Stitch (hand/class 200) - A stitch formed by hand with one or more needles---one thread per needle passing in and out of the material.
Stitch (Lock/class 300) - A stitch formed with two or more groups of threads that interface each other. The loops of needle threads are passed through the material where they are secured by bobbin threads.
Stitch (overedge/class 500) - A stitch formed with one or more groups of threads at least one of which passes around the edge of the material.
Stitch (safety) - A combination chain-stitch and overedge stitch made simultaneously on the same sewing machine.
Stitch (Top) - A second row of stitching close to the edge of a seam, after two or more pieces of fabric have been sewed together and turned to bury the raw seam margin side.
Stitch (Zig-zag) - A stitch made on a sewing machine in which the needle bar comes down alternately on the right and left side of an imaginary center line. Also refers to the type of machine producing this stitch.
Storm Shell - Wind proof, wind resistant outerwear.
Stretch Yarns - Continuous filament synthetic yarns that have been altered through special treatments or modification to give them elasticity. Techniques include: twisting and untwisting, use of air jets, stuffer boxes, knife blades, crimping, heat setting, curling, steaming, or looping. Use of these yarns gives fabrics a degree of elasticity and comfort.
Substrate - Fabric on which coatings or other fabrics are applied; a support.
Super Light Weight - Term used to describe a fabric used in outerwear, which allows for a minimum pack volume and weight. These lightweight, packable garments offer the most versatile weather protection. Some of these fabrics have a protection layer on the membrane, which provides durability. This means that the garments made from the extra lightweight fabrics need no separate lining.
Surah - A light weight, lustrous twill weave constructed fabric with a silk-like hand. Surah is the fabric of ties, dresses, and furnishings. It is available in silk, polyester, and rayon.
Taffeta - >A lustrous, medium weight, plain weave fabric with a slight ribbed appearance in the filling (crosswise) direction. For formal wear, taffeta is a favorite choice. It provides a crisp hand, with lots of body. Silk taffeta gives the ultimate rustle, but other fibers are also good choices.
Tape - Fabric sewn to a garment at the front edges, armholes, shoulder, neck, sideseams, vents, bottoms, gorge seams, etc. It is usually designed to prevent distortion of a fabric edge or seam.
Tapestry - A heavy, often hand-woven, ribbed fabric, featuring an elaborate design depicting a historical or current pictorial display. The weft-faced fabric design is made by using colored filling yarns, only in areas where needed, that are worked back and forth over spun warp yarns, which are visible on the back. End-uses include wall hangings and upholstery.
Tear Strength - The force necessary to tear a fabric, measured by the force necessary to start or continue a tear in a fabric. Expressed in pounds or in grams, the most commonly used method for determining the tear strength is the Elmendorf tear test procedure.
Tensile Strength (Breaking Stregth) - The strength shown by a fiber, yarn, or fabric to resist breaking under pressure. It is the actual number of pounds of resistance that a fabric will give before the material is broken on the testing machine.
Tension Control Weave - A type of decorative weave, characterized by a puckered effect which occurs because the tension in the warp yarns is intentionally varied before the filling yarns are placed in the fabric.
Terry Cloth - A typical uncut pile weave fabric. This fabric is formed by using two sets of warp yarns. One set of warp yarns is under very little tension; when the filling yarns are packed into place, these loose yarns are pushed backward along with the filling yarns, and loops are formed. Typical uses include towels, robes, and apparel.
Terry Velour - A pile weave cotton fabric with an uncut pile on one side and a cut pile on the reverse side. Terry velour is valued for its soft, luxurious hand. Typical uses include towels, robes, and apparel.
Textured Yarns - The yarns that result after undegoing the texturizing process, which can create crimping, looping, and otherwise modify the filament yarn for the purpose of increasing cover, abrasion resistance, insulation, warmth resilience, or moisture absorption, and to provide a different surface texture. When filament yarns are texturized, and then woven or knitted into fabrics, the result is that the finished fabric?s properties resemble a fabric that has been made from a spun yarn. Most of today's filament polyester is texturized.
Texturizing - A process performed on specialized machinery which create bulk, stretch to the yarn, and therefore creates new aesthetics to the finished fabric.
Thermal Insulation - The ability of a fabric to retain heat.
Thermoregulation - The ability to maintain a constant temperature independent of dynamic (changing) environmental conditions.
Thread Count - The number of ends and picks per inch in a woven cloth; the number of wales and courses per inch in a knit fabric. See "Count of Cloth".
Ticking - A tightly woven, very durable fabric, usually made of cotton, and used for covering mattresses, box springs, pillows, and work clothes. The fabric can be made by using a plain, satin, or twill weave construction.
Ticking - Compactly woven cotton cloth used for containers, covers for mattresses and pillows, sportswear (hickory stripes), institution fabric, and work clothes. It is striped cloth, usually white background with blue or brown stripes in the motif.
Tow - A large bundle of manufactured filament fiber as they are extruded from the spinerette, and before they have been cut into staple fibers.
Triacetate - A manufactured fiber, which like acetate, is made by modifying cellulose. However, even more acetate groups have been added to create this fiber. Triacetate is less absorbent and less sensitive to high temperatures than acetate. It can be hand or machine washed and tumble dried, with relatively good wrinkle recovery.
Tricot Knit - A warp knit fabric in which the fabric is formed by interlooping adjacent parallel yarns. The warp beam holds thousands of yards of yarns in a parallel arrangement, and these yarns are fed into the knitting area simultaneously. Sufficient yarns to produce the final fabric width and length are on the beam. Tricot knits are frequently used in women's lingerie items such as slips, bras, panties, and nightgowns.
Trim-cut - Tapered and tailored, or a form-fitting garment.
Trunk - Double the length of a coverall, from the center of the neckhole at the back to the point of the leg separation on the seat seam.
Tulle - A lightweight, extremely fine, machine-made netting, usually with a hexagon shaped mesh effect. End-uses include dance costumes and veils.
Turning - The reversing of two or more pieces of material that are seamed together for pressing or topstitching.
Tweed - A medium to heavy weight, fluffy, woolen, twill weave fabric containing colored slubbed yarns. Common end-uses include coats and suits.
Twill Weave - A basic weave in which the fabrics are constructed by interlacing warp and filling yarns in a progressive alternation which creates a diagonal effect on the face, or right side, of the fabric. In some twill weave fabrics, the diagonal effect may also be seen clearly on the back side of the fabric.
Twist - A term that applies to the number of turns and the direction that two yarns are turned during the manufacturing process. The yarn twist brings the fibers close together and makes them compact. It helps the fibers adhere to one another, increasing yarn strength. The direction and amount of yarn twist helps determine appearance, performance, durability of both yarns and the subsequent fabric or textile product. Single yarns may be twisted to the right (S twist) or to the left (Z twist). Generally, woolen and worsted yarns are S-twist, while cotton and flax yarns are typically Z-twist. Twist is generally expressed as turns per inch (tpi), turns per meter (tpm), or turns per centimeter (tpc).
U.L. Down - Ultra Light Down is used in women's and men's jackets. the concept is to make the lightest and warmest insulation layer available. U.L. Down jackets weigh less than a tee-shirt, blocks more wind, is warmer than even the heavist fleece jackets, and compress to the size of a water bottle. This outerwear can be used when warmth is critical, minimal weight is paramount, and space is at a premium.
Ultra-Light Weight - Term used to describe a fabric used in outerwear, which allows for a minimum pack volume and weight. Lightweight packable garments offer the most versatile weather protection. Some of these fabrics have a protective layer on the membrane, which provides durability. This means that the garments made from extra lightweight fabrics need no separate lining.
Under-press - To press the underside of a garment section during manufacturing to open the seams and give it shape.
UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) - The UPF rating indicates how effective a fabric is at blocking out solar ultraviolet radiation from reaching the skin. UPF ratings range from 15 to 50 with higher ratings indicating more effective blocking and therefore better protection for the wearer of a garment. Fabrics that test higher than UPF 50 are rated as UPF50+. UPF testing involves exposing a fabric to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and measuring how much is tranmitted through the sample. Different wave-lengths of radiation in the UVR spectrum have different effects on human skin and this is taken into consideration when calculating the UPF rating. Factors that contribute to the UPF rating of a fabric are: *Composition of the yarns (cotton, polyester, etc) *Tightness of the weave or the knit (tighter improves the rating) *Color (darket colors are generally better) *Stretch (more stretch lowers the rating) *Moisture (many fabrics have lower ratings when wet) *Condition (worn and faded garments may have reduced ratings) *Finishing (some fabrics are treated with UV absorbing chemicals)
UV Degradation - The breaking down of fibers or fabrics when exposed to ultraviolet rays.
Velour - A medium weight, closely woven fabric with a thick pile. It can be made using either a plain weave or a satin weave construction. It resembles velvet, but has a lower cut pile. End uses include apparel, upholstery, and drapes.
Velvet - A medium weight cut-pile constructed fabric in which the cut pile stands up very straight. It is woven using two sets of warp yarns; the extra set creates the pile. Velvet, a luxurious fabric, is commonly made with a filament fiber for high luster and smooth hand.
Velveteen - A cotton cut-pile weave fabric, utilizing extra fill yarn construction, with either a twill or a plain weave back. The fabric is woven with two sets of filling yarns; the extra set creates the pile.
Virgin Wool - New wool that has never been used before, or reclaimed from any spun, woven, knitted, felted, manufactured or used products.
Viscose - The most common type of rayon. It is produced in much greater quantity than cuprammonium rayon, the other commercial type.
Voile - A crisp, lightweight, plain weave cotton-like fabric, made with high twist yarns in a high yarn count construction. Similar in appearance to organdy and organza. Used in blouses dresses and curtains.
Waistband (one-piece) - A single thickness of fabric that is doubled and stitched to the top of a pant.
Waistband (Two-piece) - When two identical pieces of fabric are placed back-to-back at the top of a pant, raw edges turned inside, and joined with two widely spaced rows of stitching. the pant body is inserted betweeen and along one edge.
Warmth to Weight Ratio - A measurement used to evaluate the effectiveness of an insulated product in relation to weather conditions and the environment. The insulation with the best rating is down. Down provides the best warmth to weight ratio over almost any other insulation material, which is why you will see down garments and sleeping bags as the primary choice for use in almost every high altitude, cold weather expedition.
Warp - In woven fabric, the yarns that run lengthwise and is interwoven with the fill (weft) yarns.
Warp Knit - A type of knitted fabric construction in which the yarns are formed into stitches in a lengthwise manner. Warp knits are generally less elastic than weft knits. Common examples of warp knits are tricot knits and raschel knits.
Washable - Materials that will not fade or shrink during washing or laundering. Labels should be read by the consumer to assure proper results. Do not confuse with "wash-and-wear".
Wash-and-Wear - Ability of a garment to be washed by hand or in a washing machine and require little or no ironing. Also referred to as "easy care".
Watch Pocket - A small pocket in the garment, typically located just below the front waistband of men's trousers and used to accomodate change or a pocket watch.
Water Repellent - Fabrics that have been treated with a finish which cause them to shed water and resist water penetration, but are still air-permeable. Treatments can include wax coatings, resins, silicones, and fluorine derivatives. Such treatments do not close the pours of the fabric, while waterproof finishes do.
Water Repellent - A term applied to fabrics that have been treated with a finish which causes them to shed water, but are still air-permeable.
Water Resistant - A degree by which water is able to penetrate a fabric. Not to be confused with water-repellent. However, the terms are often used interchangeably.
Waterproof - Materials that are impermeable by water.
Waterproof - A term applied to fabrics whose pores have been closed, and therefore, will not allow water or air to pass through them.
Weaving - The process of forming a fabric on a loom by interlacing the warp (lengthwise yarns) and the filling (crosswise yarns) perpendicular to each other. Filling is fed into the goods from cones, filling bobbins or quills, which carry the filling yarns through the shed of the loom. Filling may also be inserted into the material without the use of a shuttle, as in the case of a shuttleless loom. The three basic weaves are Plain, Twill, and Satin. All other weaves, no matter how intricate, employ one or more of these basic weaves in their composition. Variations on the basic weaves make a variety of different fabric surfaces and fabric strengths.
Weft - In woven fabric, the filling yarns that run perpendicular to the warp yarns.
Weft Knit - A type of knitted fabric in which yarns are formed into stitches in widthwise manner. Common examples of weft knits are circular knits and flat knits.
Weight of Cloth - This term describes the variety of ways that fabric is sold: Ounces per linear yard, Yards per pound, and Ounces per square yard.
Welded Shell - The outer layer of a bonded wor welded garment, such as a jacket.
Welding - There are two basic methods for applying bonding or welded seams. The first method uses an adhesive film, and the application of heat to glue or laminate two substrates together. The second method involves gluing or attaching two fabrics, using ultrasonic technology. The creation and channeling of high frequency vibratory waves cause a rapid buildup of heat in synthetic fabrics to create the bonding.
Welt - 1. A strip of material seamed to a pocket opening as a finishing, as well as a strengthening device. 2. A raised or swelled lap or seam. 3. A covered cord or ornamental strip sewed on a border or along a seam. 4. In knitting, it is flat-knitted separately and then joined to the fabric by looping or hand knitting, as the heel to the stocking. 5. A ribbed piece of knit goods used in forming the end of a sleeve or sock to prevent rolling or raveling.
Welt Lining - Interlining for pocket welts.
Whipcord - A woven fabric with a very steep and compacted twill appearance on the face of the goods. End-uses for the fabric include dress woolens, worsteds, or wool blends, and many types of uniforms.
White Goods - A very broad term which implies any goods bleached and finished in the white condition. Some of the cotton white goods are muslin, cambric, dimity, lawn, longcloth, organdy, voile, etc.
White-on-White - Some fabrics, such as men's shirtings or broadcloth, poplin, madras, etc., are made on a dobby or jacquard loom so the white motifs will appear on a white background.
Wickability - The ability of a fiber or a fabric to disperse moisture and allow it to pass through to the surface of the fabric, so that evaporation can take place.
Wicking - Dispersing or spreading of moisture or liquid through a given area by capillary action in a material.
Wigwan - A converted cotton cloth, dyed black, brown or gray, and given a firm starched, plain calender finish, and used for interlinings in men's and boys's clothing to give body to the garment.
Wind Resistant - The ability of a fabric to act against or oppose the penetration of wind or air, but it is not totally windproof.
Windproof - The ability of a fabric to be nonpermeable to wind and air.
Woof - Comes from the Anglo-Saxon "owef". It is another name for the warp or warp yarn. Sometimes in advertising textiles, the word has been used to imply filling yarn, and made to interchange with the other term, weft.
Wool - Usually associated with fiber or fabric made from the fleece of sheep or lamb. However, the term "wool" can also apply to all animal hair fibers, including the hair of the Cashmere or Angora goat or the specialty hair fibers of the camel, alpaca, llama, or vicuna.
Worsted Fabric - A tightly woven fabric made by using only long staple, combed wool or wool-blend yarns. The fabric has a hard, smooth surface. Gabardine is an example of a worsted fabric. A common end use is men's tailored suits.
Worsted System - The textile process of manufacturing spun yarns from staple fibers usually over 3 inches in length. The main operations are carding, combing, drafting, and spinning.
Woven Fabric - Fabrics composed of two sets of yarns. One set of yarns, the warp, runs along the length of the fabric. The other set of yarns, the fill or weft, is perpendicular to the warp. Woven fabrics are held together by weaving the warp and the fill yarns over and under each other.
Wrinkle Free - A resistant to wrinkling created through the use of a variety of finishes and treatments.
Wrinkle Recovery - Similar to resiliency. It is the ability of a fabric to bounce back after it has been twisted, wrinkled, or distorted in any way.
Yarn - A continuous strand of textile fibers created when a cluster of individual fibers are twisted together. These long yarns are used to create fabrics, either by knitting or weaving.
Yoke (self) - The entire back of a garment is one piece and has a single yoke superimposed on the outside.
Yoke (Two-pierce) - Two identical pieces of fabric are joined to a shortened back piece to produce the total back.
Yokeless Shirt - The front and backs of a shirt are joined without a yoke facing.
Zipper - The physical parts of the zipper are: scoop teeth, chain, lock, pull tape, and slider. Zippers used in industrial clothing are metal or brass. Plastic zippers are used typical apparel garments. Zippers are used as a closure in pants, skirts, and dresses.

Fiber/Yarn Trademark and Brand Name Index

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Eclipse™ - Eclipse™ Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. It is a textile nylon with high ultra-violet resistance and superior dyeability for extended wear in surf and ski apparel.

EcoSpun® - EcoSpun®, (EcoSpun Squared), made by Foss Manufacturing Company, LLC, is the revolutionary second generation polyester fiber derived from recycled plastic bottles. It's power boosted performance combines natural comfort with superior performance characteristics. End uses include performance apparel-fleeces and knits.

ESP® - ESP® is a polyester textured filament yarn made by Invista. ESP stands for Extra Stretch Performance fiber. It has high stretch potential and excellent recovery properties. ESP yarn is used as filling or warp yarn in wovens to produce primarily one-way stretch fabrics and is used in warp knit and circular knit fabrics for two-way stretch. ESP polyester can be combined with most other textile fibers, including regular polyester, acetate, cotton, rayon, wool and others, and can be used to create special effects, such as crepe, crinkle, or surface effects. It is used in a variety of high performance garments including skiwear, swimwear, cycling pants and jerseys, running tights, leotards, diving suits, denim, and workout wear.

Finesse® - Finesse® is made by Invista with microfiber polyester yarn for high performance, water resistant, breathable outerwear and activewear. The fiber is finer than the finest silk, but is durable and washable.

Glospan® - Glospan® is a spandex fiber produced by RadiciSpandex. Lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber. Able to be stretched over 500% without breaking, fibers can be repeatedly stretched and still recover they're original length. Uses include athletic apparel, bathing suits, foundation garments, ski pants, slacks, tights, slacks, support and surgical hose.

Holofiber™ - Holofiber", developed by Hologenix, LLC, a joint venture between Wellman Inc. and Holofiber Enterprises. Holofiber is a responsive material for textiles and other uses. Textiles made with Holofiber can actually make a physical difference, responding to the body's own energy system. Holofiber measurably increases oxygen levels in the body and bloodstream, helping to build stregth, and accelerate muscle recovery. Wellman introduces an array of yarns containing Holofiber including Wellman's family of performance fibers (i.e. Sensrua®, ComFortrel Plus®, ComFortrel XP®, and Spunnaire®.)

Hydrofil® - Hydrofil® Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. It is a highly absorbent and quick drying nylon for knit, woven, and nonwoven moisture management fabric systems. It has comfort characteristics like cotton and can hold 15% of its weight in water and not feel damp. Hydrofil is used in linings for outerwear, gloves, hats, activerwear, and footwear and base layer apparel.

Ingeo® - This PLA fiber, developed by NatureWorks LLC, is a polymer fiber made with 100% annually renewable resources, such as corn. Fabrics, made with Ingeo, look and feel like those made from a natural fiber. But they have the performance qualities of a synthetic. The properties, inherent in the fiber, remain constant throughout the production cycle, whether the use is for the raw fiber or finished product.

Innova® - Innova® is the premier polyolefin filament fiber made by American Fibers and Yarns Company. It's inherent properties include quick drying, excellent insulative qualities without weight or bulk, and excellent moisture management characteristics without expensive fabric finishes. Garments made with Innova are colorfast and machine washable. End uses include all activewear categories such as jogging, cycling, aerobics, watersports and thermalwear.

Innova® AMP - Innova® AMP is the premier branded polyolefin filament fiber made by American Fibers and Yarns Company with antimicrobial additives built into the fiber for long lasting protection against odor causing bacteria, fungus, mold and mildew. Innova AMP is used in activewear, triathlete gear and watersports and incorporates the same inherent performance characteristics as Innova® polyolefin.

Kevlar® - Kevlar® is an aramid fiber produced by DuPont and used in high performance protective apparel. It has no melting point, low flammability, and good fabric integrity at elevated temperatures. It is used in flame-resistant clothing, protective vests and helmets, sail cloth and sporting goods.

Lenzing Modal® - This rayon fiber is particularly well suited to blends with cotton since both fibers have similar properties. In particular, the dyeing performance of Lenzing Modal® emulates that of cotton. Naturalness plays a key role in Lenzing Modal®. The fiber is made from beech wood, a natural raw material. The pulp used for fiber production is made by Lenzing to guarantee consistent and reliable quality. The natural softener makes Modal fabrics pleasant to the touch even after repeated washing. Hardening of the rayon fabric, which occurs as a result of limestone deposits and traces of detergent, becomes a thing of the past with Lenzing Modal®.

Lycra® - Lycra® is the spandex fiber produced by Invista. It is lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber. Lycra can be stretched over 500% without breaking, and can be stretched repeatedly and still recover it's original length. It provides lightweight freedom of movement in men's, women's and children's apparel. Uses include athletic apparel, bathing suits, foundation garments, ski pants, slacks, tights, slacks, support and surgical hose.

MAPP® - MAPP®, which stands for Merino Advanced Performance Program, is a fabric produced using exclusive Merino fibers sourced from only the cleanest and purest

New Zealand

alpine environments. MAPP® incorporates these "Natural Performance" fibers into fabrics specifically designed to work in activity apparel. MAPP® is the "Guarantee of source, process, and functionality."

Meryl® - Meryl® is Nylstar's registered trademark for its nylon/polyamide microfiber, which allows the softness of microfiber to be combined with excellent absorption capacity in order to maintain a balanced comfort level during athletic activities. Because Meryl is a microfiber, it is extremely lightweight. It also is machine washable, dries three times faster than cotton, and reuqires little or no ironing.

Meryl® Actisystem - The Meryl® Actisystem is an innovation in textile fibers, designed to meet the demands of both athletic and leisure activities. Developed by Nylstar, These fibers have been created with cutting-edge technology, and are the result of continual research into the leading solutions that fully satisfy a wide variety of performance requirements. Therefore, the Meryl Actisystem is designed to revolutionize technical apparel for sports enthusiasts.

MicroSpun® - Developed by Wellman Inc., MicroSpun® is a polyester microfiber. It provides more clarity to colors, It is soft, light, breathable,and comfortable to wear. Fabrics made from MicroSpun have a luxurious feel with an incredible drape and flow. It possesses all the performance characteristics of a microfiber including moisture transport, wind resistance, and water resistance capabilities. MicroSpun fabrics hold their shape, but won't shrink, stretch, or wrinkle. End-uses include menswear, womenswear, activewear, outerwear, and home furnishings.

MicroSupplex - MicroSupplex" is Invista's microdenier nylon fiber. As a microfiber, it allows for tight, densely constructed woven fabrics, while being soft and lightweight. Fiber s are even finer than silk. It has twice the wind resistance of standard nylon with greater water resistance and good abrasin resistance. It is ued for rainwear, running and swim shorts, cycling jackets, golf and tennis apparel.

MynxUV® - MynxUV® is Unifi's UV protection yarn that can achieve a 50- plus UPF rating, compared to cotton fabrics of the same construction, which offer only a 5 UPF rating. The UPF properties in this yarn are permanent, lasting the life of the garment. The soft MynxUv yarn also offers wrinkle resistance, color retention, and easy care qualities.

Polarguard® - Polarguard® is an insulation continuous filament polyester fiber developed by INVISTA. It has been specified by the U. S. Armed Forces, as the insulation material for its Extreme Cold Weather Sleep System sleeping bag, which must protect in extreme cold environments of minus 60 F. It was selected because of its high warmth to weight ratio and easier compressibility. It was selected over goose down because of its superior insulation when wet.

Polarguard® ∆ - Polarguard® ∆ continuous filament polyester is the newest member of the Polarguard Family of Insulation Products. Polarguard ® ∆ combines a super void cross section with modified batting formation. The larger void creates higher loft with less weight, making it warmer, yet lighter. The result is a state-of-the art insulation that offers superior performance in sleeping bags and outdoor apparel under the harshest environments.

Polarguard® 3D - Polarguard® 3D, made by INVISTA, is a continuous, polyester fiber with a down-like softness. It is used for fiberfill for sleeping bags, gloves, outdoor jackets and pants, and for other outdoor gear. The exclusive high-void cross section of the fiber prevents collapse and retains loft after years of use. In Polarguard 3D the new finer deniers create insulation that remains strong and warm for high performance outerwear.

Polarguard® HV - Polarguard® HV is a polyester insulation produced by INVISTA. The HV stands for "high void continuous filament." It offers all the advantages of Polarguard® but is 25% lighter, because it traps greater quantities of air. It is also highly compressible, resists wet conditions, and is very durable. Most sleeping bag manufacturers give it a lifetime guarantee.

Recyclon™ - A new product line of recycled nylon 6 fibers. Through this recycling process, Toray uses off-spec yarn generated during its virgin nylon production to create post-industrial recycled nylon yarn. Through this new process, the company utilizes only 15% of the energy required during the production of virgin nylon fibers made from petroleum.

Reflexx® - Reflexx® is a family of stretch yarns produced by Unifi. The yarn was developed to enhance style and comfort without the use of an expensive spandex yarn. The Reflexx yarn has an engineered stretch and recovery that can provide varying amounts of stretch from comfort stretch to performance stretch. The stretch properties last the life of the fabric, and the yarn also possesses quick drying and easy-care qualities.

Repreve® - Developed by Unifi, Repreve® is a family of first-quality, eco- friendly yarns made from 100% recycled materials. Repreve meets FTC guidelines for recycled products.

Salus® - Salus® is a hygienic antimicrobial polyolefin fiber made by Filament Fiber Technology Corp. Salus® is a solution dyed fiber in which Microban® is dispersed throughout the entire cross section of the fiber, thus providing permanent protection against odor and germs. Salus® is extremely effective in controlling a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, even after repetitive washings. This is because washing or other active friction actually helps to continuously deliver new Microban® to the surface of the fiber. End uses include apparel and home fashion products.

SeaCell® - This marine fiber is the combination of cellulose (lyocell) and the active substances of seaweed (e.g. Ascophyllum nodosum) and silver. In this fiber, the natural cellulose-based lyocell fiber acts as the carrier for the natural, health-promoting substance---seaweed. The result is a soft, breathable, stimulating and comfortable fabric that is available in the two versions: SeaCell® active fiber and SeaCell® pure fiber.

Sensil® - Sensil® is the treademark name for Nilit Corporate America's family of 6.6 polyamide yarns. These branded novelty fibers, designed for extreme comfort and easy-care, are used for both circular and seamless knitting. The benefits of Sensil® include: High-color fastness; Soft hand even after repeated washings; Quick drying; Lightweight;Adaptable for delicate intimate apparel to rugged sportswear with performance properties. End-uses include intimate apparel, bodywear, activewear, and legwear.

Sensura® - Developed by Wellman Inc., this revolutionary fiber has built-in softness, smoothness, and performance. Fabrics made from Sensura are sensual and soft, yet resilient and durable.It takes less dyestuff, less energy, less water in the production. Sensura dries twice as fast a cotton, and it's comparable with high-tech fibers too. It moves perspiration away from the skin, transporting it to the fabric surface. End-uses include active sportswear, weekend wear, and socks.

SOLARMAX® - SOLARMAX® is the registered trademark for the INVISTA brand of UV-resistant fiber and fabric. It features superior ultraviolet resistance and durability that promote excellent style benefits for use in outdoor fabric applications. SOLARMAX® is ideal for use in flags, banners, hot-air balloons, parachutes, life jackets, tents and other such products that must withstand environmental stress. An inherent strength and a built-in ultraviolet resistance, using a base type 6,6 nylon, allow superior performance over type 6 nylons and polyesters of similar fabric constructions.

Sorbtek® - Sorbtek® is Unifi's advanced "Catch, Move, and Release System" yarn, which moves moisture faster and further than any yarn available today, keeping the wearer drier longer. In addition to being fast drying, fabrics made from Sorbtek are lightweight, shrink resistant, and provide stain release protection, fabric breathability, and increased anti-stat properties.

Sorona® - Sorona®, the latest fiber-grade polymer innovation from DuPont, offers a three-part environmental story. Made with renewable resources instead of petrochemicals, Sorona® requires 40% less energy to produce than an equal amount of petrochemical-based nylon. Producing Sorona® reduces CO2 emmissions up to 60% over an equal amount of petroleum-based nylon.

Spectra® - Spectra® Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. Spectra is a high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE) and the strongest and lightest manmade fiber. Light enough to float, Spectra fiber also exhibits superior resistance to chemicals, water and ultra-violet light. It is used for climbing ropes and slings, wakeboarding ropes, ultratechnical backpacks, shoes, and softsided luggage.

Sportwool™ - Sportwool™ fabric construction features the finest Merino wool against the skin, to provide a micro-climate environment which draws vapor away from the skin, expelling it out into the atmosphere. The removal of the vapor from the micro-climate between the skin and fabric reduces the formation of liquid sweat, leaving you drier and more comfortable.

Spunnaire® - Spunnaire® is a fiber that gives both comfort and performance to apparel and socks. Qualities include great moisture management and shape retention. Spunnaire is developed from a new patented co-polymer that allows fibers to be atmospherically dyed for beautiful colors. End-uses include knitwear, thermals, underwear, sleepwear, athletic wear, and socks.

Supplex® - Supplex® Nylon is made by Invista. It is a cottony soft nylon that offers the performance benefits of a man-made fabric with the look of cotton. It offers protection from wind and rain and is durable. Light weight and quick drying it is used for gym shorts, jackets, windbreakers, running suits and more.

SUPRIVA™ - SUPRIVA™ is a family of fibers designed to create durable, highly styled accent and kitchen rugs. SUPRIVA™ is a registered trademark for the INVISTA type 6,6 nylon which is designed to stand up to traffic and wear. Because of its styling flexibility, mills can create fashionable printed rugs, elegant solids and natural-looking textures using SUPRIVA™ fibers. Rugs made with SUPRIVA™ nylon are market favorites, and can be found at the major home furnishings retailers.

Sul Cool - ???????? ( working on this, Very soon details about this yarn will be uploaded )

Tactel® - Tactel® Nylon is made by Invista. It is a silkier softer nylon with a crinkle finish. It offers protection from wind and rain and is durable. Light weight and quick drying, it is used for gym shorts, jackets, windbreakers, running suits and more.

Telar® - Telar® is a continuous filament, fine denier polyolefin fiber made by Filament Fiber Technology Corp. Telar® is an enhanced polypropylene fiber through the incorporation of other olefins into the fiber structure. It is ideal for water related uses because it will not fade, bleed, or run. Polyolefin is the only fiber, maufactured or natural, that floats, will not support mold, mildew or bacteria in normal use. An ideal comfort fiber, it rapidly moves moisture away from the body via vapor transfer. It is a solution dyed fiber, making it possible to be over-dyed with the wildest possible selectino of dyes in combination with another fiber. Excellent insulation qualities. End uses include high performance and fashion sportswear apparel and home furnishings.

Tencel® - This lyocell fiber is the first cellulose fiber to draw its strength from this nano-technology. As a result of the controlled and regular structure of nano fibrils, new functional properties can be introduced to TENCEL® fabrics. These are hydrophilic and guarantee excellent moisture absorption combined with optimum moisture management. The production process of Tencel is environmentally-friendly. As a result, the fiber was awarded the European ECO Award, combined with the purity of the fiber.

Thermolite® - Thermolite®, made by Invista, provides warmth and comfort without weight, even when wet. It's a lightweight fabric that provides heavy-duty performance, because it's a performance fabric that traps air for greater insulation. It dries 20% faster than other insulating fabrics, and 50% faster than cotton. Thermolite® is the perfect layering fabric because it's comfortable and lightweight, allowing more freedom of movement.

Thinsulate® - Thinsulate®, made by the 3M Company, is a microfiber blend of polyolefin and polyester, which is very thin, lightweight, warm, moisture resistant, and breathable. Thinsulate insulation absorbs less than 1% of its weight in water, an important feature for maintaining warmth under damp conditions. Because it is so thin, it provides the warmth of a big jacket in a much less bulky garment. It is used in high-performance outerwear, jackets, gloves, hats and footwear. Thinsulate Ultra® is a softer version.

Tru-Ballistic® - Tru-Ballistic® Nylon is is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. It is a high-strength, puncture and tear resistant, 1050 denier ballistic nylon with excellent color uniformity. Orginally engineered for military flak jackets, it is now used for the finest lightweight softsided luggage, computer and sports bags.

Wear-Dated® - Wear-Dated® carpet fiber, made by Solutia, has earned its reputation as one of the most durable choices for carpet. Carpet made with Wear-Dated® carpet fiber is available from the major carpet manufacturers and brands, like Mohawk (Karastan, Aladdin, Horizon, CustomWeave, Wunda Weve), Shaw (Tuftex, Philadelphia, Queen, World, Trustmark), Beaulieu (Coronet, Hollytex), Royalty, Gulistan, Milliken, Fabrica, and Masland.

X-Static® - X-Static® - The Silver Fiber, has a layer of pure silver permanently bonded to the surface of the textile fiber. The process is such that the fiber, with its silver layer, retains traditional textile and tactile characteristics. It can be used in knits, wovens, and non-wovens as either a filament or spun yarn. X-Static offers all of the benefits known to be inherent to pure silver, only in a textile fiber.

Information About Yarns/Fibers

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Hosiery Terms

Denier
Denier is the term used to describe the thickness of the hosiery. In simple terms, the finer the tight the lower the number, and the thicker or heavier weight the hosiery the higher the number. The denier of the product will determine how the product will look on the leg.

10 denier or less Ultra sheer Extremely elegant, cooler in summer, can give the illusion of bare legs when wearing the correct skin tone
10 to 20 denier Semi sheer Elegant and practical for everyday or evening wear. The most popular denier range, giving even coverage to legs. Stronger than ultra sheer.
25 to 35 denier Semi – opaque Still elegant for dressy occasions, stronger, longer lasting and slightly warmer than sheers.
40 denier or more
Opaque Very durable and long lasting. Practical for everyday use. Warmer and ideal for cooler weather. Offers complete cover for the leg.
Lycra
Almost all hosiery now has a Lycra content. Hosiery containing Lycra is stronger and fits better on the leg, resulting in increased comfort. The more rows of knitting that contain Lycra the better the result. Lycra is the registered brand name of Du Pont for elastane fibre.

Purista
Purista is an exciting new treatment designed to keep your fabrics cleaner and fresher for longer, increasing your comfort and giving you a new, fresh confidence in your clothes.
Your clothes will retain that just washed feeling after a full day at work - no matter how stressful your day has been!

The most popular form of hosiery, available in 15 - 70 denier.
Stockings
The most traditional form of hosiery, with two separate legs worn with a suspender belt to keep the item in place.
Hold Ups
These maintain the sexiness of stockings without the inconvenience of having to wear a suspender belt. Cooler in summer, they have a silicone band at the top of the leg which holds them in place against the skin. Beauty products, talc and body lotions should be avoided when wearing hold-ups, as these lessen the grip between the silicone and the skin, which is key to keeping the product secure and in place. They are available in 15 - 70 denier and also some fashion styles. Hold ups- avoid moisturisers when using our silicone based products. In the event of any irritation please discontinue using them. For those who are allergic to silicone products we offer an alternative, our classic nylon stocking.
Knee-Highs
These are ideal to wear under trousers as the product stops just below the knee. They are available in 15 - 70 denier and also some fashion styles.
Ankle Highs
These are again ideal for wear under trousers but stop just above the ankle. They are cooler to wear during the summer months and are available in 15 - 40 denier. They can currently be seen on the catwalks in ‘bright fashion colours’ worn with stilettos.
Fashion Lines
An exclusive range of high fashion hosiery including: tights, fishnets, knee highs, hold–ups and ankle highs. This range changes seasonally to incorporate the latest fashions and colours for legs.
Chic Essential Hosiery
Generally an Autumn and Winter range of opaque hosiery that includes patterned and luxury yarns available in tights, hold-ups and knee-highs.

How To Wash Your Hosiery
We recommend that you use our hosiery wash bag to protect and prolong the life of your hosiery during washing. This printed polyester zip fastening wash bag can be used in your ordinary 40 degree wash.

Source Company Trademark/Brand

2008-09-26T01:58:00.004+06:00

TRADE MARKS & SOURCE COMPANIES

3M (Insulations) A diversified technology company serving customers and communities with innovative products and services. 3M has seven businesses, including Nexcare", Post-it®, Scotch®, Scotch-Brite®, and Scotchgard". Thinsulate® insulation is the product that is used in the apparel market. Thinsulate®
A AEGIS Environments (Antimicrobial Technology) This company is the producer of AEGIS Microbe Shield®, which is an antimicrobial product that does not dissipate or leach, and it cannot be absorbed into the skin. With the AEGIS Microbe Shield technology, the membrane of the microbe is physically ruptured by a stabbing and electrocution action. Since it is not consumedand does not dissipate, the antimicrobial active is not depleated and continues to control microbial growth over time. This means that the antimicrobial will be fully effective as long as the surface remains intact.

Alamac American Knits (Textile Mill) Alamac manufactures high quality, innovative knit fabrics to address the performance and fashion needs of the cuurent market. Natural, synthetic or blended fibers are knit into textures, stripes, novelties, and solids.
Alandale Knitting In business since 1996, Alandale Knitting comprises 150,000 square feet of space in its Troy, NC, production facility. The plant is one of the cleanest and most efficient operations around, offering high quality knitted fabrics. Alandale, along with its sister company, Alandale Industries, Inc., a knitting machine accessory manufacturer, hold more than 20 patents in the knitting industry. Alandale is best known for its new StrataTek fabrics, which uses a paternted knitting technique for producing a true two-layer, double-sided knit construction without grin-through. StrataTek
Albany International (Insulation) Albany Int. is the producer of Primaloft® is a premium patented synthetic down insulational, which duplicates the microfiber structure of down, and the distribution of down clusters. Primaloft uses state-of-the-art technology to create millions of air pockets between fibers to trap heat, and also provide a lasting water repellent finish, but allow moisture from the body escape. Primaloft PL1®
American Fibers and Yarns Co. (Fiber Producer) American Fibers and Yarn Company (AF&Y) is a premier supplier of solution dyed filament yarn. Using the latest polymer technologies, AF&Y engineers filament yarn with high-tech combinations not previously offered to the industry. As the largest U.S. supplier of solution dyed filament yarn, AF&Y's product portfolio is dominant in both the residential and the contract furnishings marketplace. In addition, AF&Y's varied product line spans industries, which includes: hospitality, apparel, automotive, and industrial markets, just to name a few. The company's well known brands include Innova®, Innova® AMP, and Marquesa®.
Innova® AMP
American & Efird, Inc (Thread Mfg.) A&E is a quality producer of high-performance threads and yarns for apparel and non-apparel applications, wirh operations in over 50 countries around the world.
American Wool Council (Association) The American Wool Council is a division of the American Sheep Industry Association, a producer-funded organizaion that represents nearly 70,000 sheep producers in the U.S. Since its establishment in 1955, the American Wool Council has been involved in the entire vertical process of wool marketing from fleece to fashion. It is headquartered in Denver, Colorado.
Antex Knitting Mills (Textile Mill) Antex Knitting Mills is a vertical knitting, dyeing, and printing company established in Los Angeles in 1973. The company produces approximately 1.5 million yards of fabric per week. Its traditional business is to provide fashionable knitted fabrics to the junior, contemporary, and children's markets. In 2004, Antex added the Antex Premier Performance division to provide technical fabrics to the outdoor and activewear markets. And it also produces its Green Line" of envirnmentally friendly cotton fabrics.

Apex Mills Corp. (Textile Mill) Apex Mills is a manufacturer and supplier of industrial knits, including mesh, netting, tricot, and spacer fabric solutions, to an expanding array of consumer, industrial, and government related industries.
AquaTex (Fabric Technology) Hydroweave® is a revolutionary, newly patented "performance enhancing" (PE) composite fabric, developed by AquaTex. Hydroweave technology improves the performance and endurance of the wearer by reducing the amount of energy wasted cooling the body and battling heat stress. Harnessing the power of evaporation, Hydroweave actively cools the wearer while helping to maintain core body temperature, provide comfort, enhance performance, and help eliminate the hazards of working, playing, and competing in high heat environments.
Hydroweave®
Arkay Textiles Inc. (Textile Manufacturer) Arkay Textiles is one of the world's premiere resources for custom woven home furnishings and upholstery fabrics. The company provides highly creative, cost effective custom woven fabrics for the residential, commercial and hospitality markets. With the in-house production capabilities, we can transform any visual design into reality. Arkay Textiles has the most advance resources for custom woven fabrics in the business.
ASF Group / Clark Textile Company Inc. (Textile Mill) The ASF Group is the producer of four major textile products, which are key components used in the construction of waterproof/breathable garments. These four components are: Water Repellency, Water Resistance, Breathability/Moisture Vapor Transmission, and Garment Seam Sealing. Eclipse®Astrup
Austrailan Wool Innovation Australian Wool Innovation Limited (AWI) is a research, development, innovation and marketing body working for and owned by 29,000 Australian farmers. AWI has an objective to drive research, development and product marketing that aims to increase the long-term profitability, productivity and sustainability of Australian woolgrowers. By building direct business relationships, alliances with designers, retailers, fabric manufacturers and garment makers; the result is a number of high performing, premium quality Australian Merino wool textiles and apparel products available around the world.

B Basofil Fibers, LLC (Fiber Producer) Basofil Fibers is a former division of BASF, and the North Carolina-based company that manufactures Basofil® melamine fiber. Basofil is inherently heat- and flame-resistant, and can be found in a variety of end-use categories, including friction parts, automotive insulation, protective clothing, and home furnishings.
Bayer Inc. (Fiber Producer) Manufacturer of Dorlastan® spandex fiber. Dorlastan®
Bemis Associates Inc. (Technology Company) Bemis is a major manufacturer of thermoplastic adhesives, coatings, tapes and specialty film products that serve various markets throughout the world. The company's products are specified in a number of industries for use in many different applications. From textile to industrial and apparel to building panels, Bemis provides cost effective solutions that often solve complex technical challenges within the manufacturing process. The company is most known for its branded product, Sewfree®, a bonding adhesive used in the stitch-free production of bodywear, intimate apparel, and technical outerwear.

BHA Technologies, Inc. (Textile Manufacturer) BHA Technologies markets a family of ePTFE-based technical fabrics under the eVENT" Protection Fabrics brand name. These fabrics provide breathable-waterproof comfort and are positioned as the smartest choice for athletes and adventurers who need and demand the highest possible performance from their garments. eVENT® Fabric
Britannia Mills Ltd. (Textile Mill) BRITANNIA MILLS LTD., based in both New York and Los Angeles, makes high end fine knits for bridge to designer women’s apparel manufacturers, and wool knits for military application. Fabrics include: rayon, rayon/spandex, micro-modal, micro-modal/spandex, and wool knits. Constructions include jersey, interlock, rib, and ponte de roma. The company stocks many fabrics in a large range of colors. With wide color selection and fast turn, Britannia is the ideal choice for start up designers to established manufacturers. Britannia Mills Ltd expertise and background in wool makes it a leading company in wool knits. The high quality makes it an ideal choice for high end clothing from women’s wear to highly technical military application.
Burlington Industries (Textile Manufacturer) Burlington Worldwide Activewear is the premier supplier of technical fabrics to leading activewear brands and retailers worldwide. The company designs and engineers performance fabrics for technical sportswear, performance outerwear, active sportswear, swimwear, and fitnesswear. Burlington's key brands include Xalt®, M.C.S. Blocker, Durepel Plus®, Versatech®, No Fly Zone®, Ultrex®, Micromove®, M.C.S. - S.R.®, Bioguard®, and M.C.S. Comfort Zone®. M.C.S. Blocker®
M.C.S.®
XALT®
Buzz Off Insect Shield, LLC (Supplier) In July 2003, Buzz Off Insect Shield, LLC, introduced the first EPA-registered insect-repellent apparel. Buzz Off Insect Shield¹s patent-pending technology provides effective, invisible and odorless protection against mosquitoes, ticks, ants, flies, chiggers, and midges (no-see-ums). Buzz Off Insect Shield apparel categories include outdoor, golf, hunting, fishing, and equestrian in partnership with select brands including ExOfficio, L.L. Bean, Orvis, Rocky Outdoor Gear, Imperial Headwear, Ariat, Stearns, and Gold Toe. Buzz Off Insect Shield gear categories include camping, patio, beach, pet, and horse products, in partnership with brands such as Horseware Ireland and Orvis. Buzz Off™ Insect Shield

C Castle Rock/Shamrod, Inc. (Textile/Apparel Manufacture) CASTLEROCK and its parent company Shamrod, Inc. is an innovative and quality knitter of specialty fabrications that brings 15 years of experience and expertise to its products. The main market focus with the CASTLEROCK division is the active sportswear and performance markets. Casual Performance" sportswear fabrics, are knitted fabrics which provide a balance between function and fashion, performance and style, fit and comfort. CastleRock is the manufacturer of EXpert®, the performance t-shirt. Airstretch™
Celenese Acetate (Fiber Producer) Celanese Acetate, a business of Celanese, manufactures cellulose acetate products used in filtering and other industrial applications. We have manufacturing facilities and sales offices in the United States, Europe, Canada, Mexico and Asia. Derived from highly purified wood pulp from re-forested trees, cellulose products are "natural" and "environmentally friendly". Celanese Acetate products include: acetate flake and acetate tow.
Columbia Sportswear Company (Apparel Manufacturer) Founded in 1938, Columbia Sportswear Company has grown from a small family-owned hat distributorship to one of the world's largest outerwear brands and the leading seller of skiwear in the United States. Columbia's extensive product line includes a wide variety of outerwear, sportswear, rugged footwear and accessories. The company is know for developing innovative products that are functional yet stylish and offer great value.
Comfort Technologies (Technology) Akwatek® polyester and Akwadyne® nylon, developed by Comfort Technologies, Inc., represent the newest generation of performance fabrics utilizing thermoregulatory action to give you the best of both worlds. Their unique properties give the wearer comfort and performance over a wide range of temperatures.

Concept III Textiles (Fabric Converter) Concept III Textiles International is an inclusive resource for the development, sourcing, and production of both knit and woven textiles and textile-based finished products worldwide. The company offers a keen understanding og global commerce, extensive textile and fiber development expertise, and effective mill and factory relationships. Concept III serves brands in the outdoor, active sports, sportswear, outerwear and uniform markets.

Cone Mills (Textile Mill) Cone Mills is a manufacturer of woven fabrics for a vaiety of end-use applications. ProSpin®
Consoltex (Textile Manufacturer) Consoltex is a vertically integrated material solution provider. Headquartered in Montreal, QC in Canada, it has an international reputation for the innovative nature of its products and services as well as for the rigor of its research and development program. Consoltex fabrics are at the heart of many textile products destined for high-risk and/or high-performance sectors of activity such as: military/defence, performance outerwear, personal protection, petrochemical, fire service, medicine, image & active wear, hospitality & home textiles, and many other industrial and commercial applications. Cryon™
Dryon™
Earthwhile™
Hydroflex®
Relyon™
Rezillion™
S2 Technologies™-Stretch System
S3 Technologies™-Soft Shell System
Cookson Fibers Inc. (Fiber Producer) Cookson Fibers Inc. is a manmade fiber manufacturing company, specializing in the production of type 6 and 6.6 (textured and solution-dyed).
Cotton Incorporated (Association) From agricultural, fiber and textile research, market information and technical services, to advertising and public relations, fashion forcasts and retail promotions, Cotton Inc. focuses on the goal of promoting cotton, so that it remains the first choice among consumers in apparel and home products.
STORM DENIM™

D Daikin America Inc. (Chemical Supplier) Daikin America, Inc, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Daikin Industries, a leading global manufacture of fluorochemical stain protection finishes. In 2007, a new line of protective and repellent products were introduced offering superior fluorine based water and oil repellency and stain release in a C6 platform which enhances the environmental performance of the protective chemistry. Daikin’s Unidyne TechnaGard® Series, provides durability for a broad spectrum of stains and soiling on textiles, carpet, nonwovens, and other substrates. Unidyne TechnaGard®
Dale of Norway
Deer Creek Fabrics (Fabric Converter) Deer Creek Fabrics is a Stamford, Connecticut, based technology and customer-driven textile company, supplying innovative knitted fabrics to the outdoor and active performance wear markets. Deer Creek is proud to be a member of the outdoor industry's Green Steps program that supports companies adopting 'Green' practices in their products, policies, and business tactics. Deer Creek Fabrics' sustainable products include.

Design Knit, Inc. (Textile Mill) Located in Los Angeles, California, Design Knit, Inc. is the knitter of high quality fine and medium gauge single and double knits for the designer and contemporary markets. The company specializes in European quality knits and designs at affordable prices. Design Knits works with a variety of fine, high quality yarns including: Supima cotton, organic cotton, Modal®/Micro Modal® blends, Tencel®, Lycra®/spandex, bamboo, as well as silk, wool, and cashmere blends.
Designer Textiles (Textile Mill) Designer Textiles are Merino specialists. We employ people with specific Merino knowledge in every stage of the process, to guarantee the final quality of our Merino wool products. Designer Textiles offer a range of products and services---controlling all of the processes, from fabrics, design and production co-ordination, to a fully labeled and packaged garment. MAPP®
Dow Chemical Company (Fiber Producer) Dow Fiber Solutions is a business unit of The Dow Chemical Company. Dow is a diversified chemical company that combines the power of science and technology with the "Human Element” to constantly improve what is essential to human progress. The Company delivers a broad range of products and services to customers in around 160 countries, connecting chemistry and innovation with the principles of sustainability to help provide everything from fresh water, food and pharmaceuticals to paints, packaging and personal care products. Dow XLA™
Dow Corning Corporation Dow Corning provides a comprehensive line of silicone and silane softeners, coatings, finishes, modifiers, binders and process aids for the textile industry, servicing the fashion textile, industrial textile, leather, nonwovens textile markets. Its trademark product is the Dow Corning® Active Protection System, high-performance textiles for impact protection, which is used in high-performance sportswear, medical devices, architecture & construction, industrial & geo fabrics, military & civil defense products. Dow Corning® Active Protection System
Dry Fibre (Fabric Technology) Dry Fibre Inc. is the creator of Transpor® performance fabrics, apparel, and socks. Transpor®
Duofold (Apparel Manufacturer) In 1906 Duofold began its tradition of innovation with the introduction of the first two-layer thermals. Since that time, Duofold's dedication to innovation has resulted in hundreds of new, high performance products. Innova® MicroFleece
Tibetan Fleece
DuPont (Fiber Producer/Technology) Founded in 1802, DuPont puts science to work by creating sustainable solutions essential to a better, safer, healthier life for people everywhere. Operating in more than 70 countries, DuPont offers a wide range of innovative products and services for markets including agriculture, nutrition, electronics, communications, safety and protection, home and construction, transportation and apparel. DuPont™ Active Layer
Hytrel® films/fabric laminates
Kevlar®
Sorona®
Teflon®
DuraCord Textiles

E Eclat (Fiber/Fabric/Apparel Manufacturer) Eclat Textile Company, Ltd., based in Taipei, Taiwan, is a vertical producer of circular knit fabrics for the high performance activewear, intimate apparel, swimwear, and casual sportswear markets. The company produces all types of knitted fabrics, including single knit jersey, interlock, rib knit, jacquard, terry knit, fleece, etc. The company's branded textile performance fabric is Body Care®.

Exportex, S. A. Dec.V. A third generation family owned circular knitter, based in Mexico City, has two divisions: 1) Its industrial division caters to the apparel interling and automobile markets. 2) The company's apparel division serves as a circular knitter for the volume Mexican market. It also provides high-end novelty knits for customers in Europe and the United States.

F FiberVisions Inc. (Fiber Producer) FiberVisions develops, manufactures, and markets CoolVision® polyolefin fibers for nonwovens, textiles and apparel and industrial applications. The Company's products add performance and processing benefits to a variety of markets, including the hygiene, textile, automotive, and construction industries. CoolVisions®
Filament Fiber Technology (Fiber Producer) Filament Fiber Technology, Inc. (FFT) is an established company with experienced personnel, machinery developed specifically for polypropylene, including the Salus® and Telar® branded fibers. FFT is a unique manufacturer of fine denier, producer colored polypropylene filament yarn. Salus®
Telar®
Foss Manufacturing Company LLC (Fiber Producer) is a vertically integrated producer of engineered, non-woven fabrics and specialty synthetic fibers for a variety of applications and markets. As one of the world's largest needle-punch based manufacturer, Foss is a well known leader and pioneer in the use of synthetic fibers in an ever-expanding number of manners, environments and circumstances. EcoSpun®
Fosshield®
Freudenberg (non-woven fabric producer and developer of technologies) is a family company offering its customers technically challenging product solutions and services. With 441 companies in 55 countries and with its business partnerships, the company is present in all of the world´s major markets. The automotive industry (original equipment manufacturers) is the largest customer grouping for Freudenberg products. Other market segments include the mechanical engineering and plant engineering industry, the energy and chemical industry, the medical and pharmaceutical sectors, etc.

Frisby Technologies (Technology) Owned by Freudenburg Nonwoven, Frisby Technologies, Inc.'s principal business is to develop and market innovative branded thermal management products for use in a broad range of consumer and industrial products. The company's branded product is ComforTemp®. ComforTemp® DCC"

G Glen Raven
Glenoit Fabrics (Textile Manufacturer) Glenoit Fabrics is a mnufacturer of sliver knit pile fabrics for the outdoor and home furnishings markets. The company manufacturers both domestically at Tarboro Textiles, which is a contact manufacturer for Glenoit Fabrics' colorful pile fabrics, and in China. Berber By Glenoit
Cascade
Caslana
Chantilly
Furelle®/Petite Furelle
Glenaura®
GlenPile®
Luxaire
Marrakech
MiniMicro®
Mystique™
Popcorn Sherpa
SunDancer
Green-Spun™ Textured Knits (Textile Mill) This Gastonia, North Carolina, based company is a manufacurer of a line of domestically produced 100% recycled cottons and 100% recycled knits in jersey and pique constructions, made from 65% recycled cotton/35% recycled PET polyester. The Green-Spun® lines of recycled fabrics are made from yarns that have had a prior life as a fabric, such as post consumer PET polyester or recycled cotton. GreenSpun™ Fabrics

H Hafner Inc (Textile Mill) For more than half a century, Hafner has created stretch knit fabrics that enhance the performance and comfort of your apparel. From fashion to fitness to competition, Hafner is dedicated to manufacturing the highest quality fabrics. Hafner develops comfortable fabrics that breathe, wick and move with your body and high compression products to optimize athletic performance. No matter what your activity, there’s an innovative Hafner product engineered to improve your look and enhance your performance. Hafner is shaping the world of textiles! Hybrid®
ThinSkin®
YB Wet®
Hamrick Mills (Textile Mill) Hamrick Mills, founded in 1900, is located in Gaffney, South Carolina. The company is a leading producer of high quality, lightweight greige woven fabrics for use in the home furnishings, industrial, and apparel markets. The company offers woven fabrics in a variety of widths, ranging from 41 inches to 140 inches and weights from 2 to 6 oz. per square yard. The fabrics are offered in poly/cotton blends and 100% cotton, and in a variety of constructions/patterns (i.e. plain, twill, sateen, stripes, and herringbones.
Harrison Technologies (Textile Manufacturer) Harrison Technologies is a vertical mill, which maintains facilities in Taiwan and mainland China as part of Sinotex, Inc. The group produces coated fabrics under the Toughtek® and Rhinotek® brands. The company specializes in full garment packages, gear bags, and hunting products. Harrison provides laminations, coatings, and technical fabrics that incorporate UV protection; grip functions; abrasion resistance; fire, mildew, and wind resistance; waterproof breathability; antimicrobial; and cold-crack prevention. Rhinotek®
Toughtek®
Hemp Industries Association (Association) The Hemp Industries Association (HIA) is a non-profit trade group representing hemp companies, researchers and supporters. We are at the forefront of the drive for fair and equal treatment of industrial hemp. Since 1992, the HIA has been dedicated to education, industry development, and the accelerated expansion of hemp world market supply and demand.
Hercules Inc. (Fiber Producer) FiberVisions, a division of Hercules Inc., is the world's largest producer of thermal bond polypropylene staple fiber and a major supplier of fine denier staple fibers to the disposable hygiene product industry. It also produces textile fibers for automotive, decorative, and industrial applications.
Hot Chillys (Apparel Manufacturer) Hot Chillys has led the performance apparel industry for more than a decade with moisture managing base layer technology. When founded in 1985, Hot Chillys revolutionized the ski market with performance ski "warm wear" (base layer underwear) incorporating fabric technologies previously found primarily in running apparel.
Hyosung America Inc. (Fiber Producer) Hyosung is the second largest global manufacturer of Creora® brand spandex. Creora high heat resistant H350 is specifically engineered for polyester compatibility and offers improved wash fastness and quality in soft, quick-drying blends. Creora®

I Indigenous Designs A manufacturer of sustainable apparel, Indigenous Designs' garments are made by the hands and hearts of artisans in many types of communities throughout the globe. By working directly with these artisans and their knitting cooperatives, a strong partnership has evolved to support their visions in managing sustainable commerce. Indigenous Designs assists the artisans with quality control measures, sound production and planning management, as well as research and design for the local and world markets.
Industrial Fabrices Assoc. Int. (Association) The Industrial Fabrics Association International (IFAI) is a not-for-profit trade association whose more than 2,000 member companies represent the international specialty fabrics marketplace. Member companies range in size from one-person shops to multinational corporations; members' products span the entire spectrum of the specialty fabrics industry, from fiber and fabric suppliers to manufacturers of end products, equipment and hardware.
Innovative Insulation Inc. Innovative Insulation Inc. has been providing its customers with cutting edge insulation products for over 18 years. Super Rtm Radiant Barriers and other 99% pure aluminum products provide the very best in reflective technology. The company's newest offering is a versatile new product called Temptrol™. This innovative new material is soft, flexible, washable and perfect for a multitude of products from clothing to awnings. Temptrol™
InSport International Inc. (Apparel Manufacturer) InSport is a manufacturer that specializes in athletic apparel. The company employs experienced athletes, inventors and designers who come together to create unique products that truly perform. The team scrutinizes every product down to the smallest detail to ensure that it will perform for the consumer. And it offers a breadth of product to address the individual needs of the customers, so they can be comfortable in whatever they're doing. DryLiner®
DrySport®
Hydrasuede®
Triphibian®
Vortech®
International Textile Market Association Founded in 1990, the ITMA is a non-profit trade association, consisting of mills, converters, tanneries and trimming manufacturers that supply decorative coverings for the home furnishings industry, whose main objective is to stimulate growth and development within the home furnishings industry. The ITMA is the producer of Showtime, the largest textile market in the United States.
International Trade Center (Association) ITC has worked with firms, national governments and industry associations to promote silk and silk products in silk producing developing countries, particularly in Asia. ITC has closely monitored world production and trade in silk goods, working with key industry players such as the International Silk association, the International Sericulture Commission (both in Lyon, France), and relevant organizations in developing countries, including the China National Silk Import and Export Corporation, the Central Silk Board of India, the Indian Silk Export Council, the Thai Silk Association and others.
Invista (Fiber Producer) Invista is a global integrated producer and marketer of premium fibers, resins and intermediaries. The company's best known global fabric brands include Lycra®, StainMaster®, Antron®, Polarguard®, Coolmax®, Thermolite®, Avora®FR, Cordura®, Supplex®, Tactel®, and ESP®. Antron®
Avora® FR
CELBOND®
Comforel®
CoolMax®
Cordura®
Dacron®
ESP®
Finesse®
Hollofil 808®
HOLLOFIL®II
Lycra®
Micro-loft®
MicroSupplex
Microtherm®
Polarguard®
Polarguard® ∆
Polarguard® 3D
Polarguard® HV
Quallofil®
SOLARMAX®
Supplex®
SUPRIVA™
Tactel®
Thermolite®

J James Thompson & Co., Inc. James Thompson & Co. is a dyer, finisher and producer of fabrics and sewn textile products. Founded in 1860 as a weaver of nettings, the company now specializes in producing solid shade cotton fabrics for the industrial, home sewing, quilting and crafts industries. The mills specializes in the following constructions: duck cloth, flannel, muslin, twill, burlap, tickings, wide cottons, buckram, and bull denim. James Thompson & co. also maintains a sewing operation in Mexico that provides a variety of specialty finished textile products. James Thompson & Co. Fabrics

K Kenyon (Apparel Manufacturer)Manufacurer of K-Kote Plus® apparel. K-Kote Plus®
Kenyon Consumer Products

L Lenzing Fibers (Fiber Producer) The Lenzing Group, an international corporate group with headquarters in Upper Austria, is present on world markets. With quality and innovation, the company sets standards in the field of man-made cellulose fibers. Lenzing is committed to the principles of sustainable management with high environmental standards. The Lenzing Group is a world leader in marketing and manufacturing man-made cellulose fibers. Lenzing TENCEL®, Lenzing Modal® and Lenzing Viscose® fibers are primarily used in the textile industry, special fibers made by Lenzing are used for hygiene as well as technical applications. Lenzing Modal®
Tencel®

M Malibu Textiles (Textile Distributor) This company offers a global distribution on stretch laces, rigid laces, raschel, jacquards, fringes, scallops, borders, leavers, glitter, flocking, nets, and meshes.
Masters of Linen (Association) MASTERS OF LINEN is a subsidiary of the CELC (European Flax and Hemp Confederation), the only European agro-industrial body to bring together players working in all stages of the flax/linen supply chain, from plant to fabric, including scutching and spinning. As a venue for brainstorming, economic analysis and cooperation, the CELC is also a regulatory body, working to promote industrial harmony and provide strategy. Masters of Linen acts as the interface between the European linen industry and the other players in the sector.
Menra Mills (Textile Mill) Menra Mills is the manufacture of fleece products, such as Artic Fleece® and Chinella®. Artic Fleece®
Chinella®
Milliken & Company (Fabric Manufacturer) Milliken manufactures a wide variety of knit and woven fabrics to serve the various clothing needs. Utilizing polyester, nylon, cotton, spandex and other synthetic fibers, Milliken offers a broad range of women s apparel fabrics. These fabrics are sold to the nation s major branded apparel manufacturers whose garments can be found in leading retailers such as Wal-Mart, JC Penney s, Dillard's, Nordstrom s and Lands' End. Two of Millikens most popular brands are VisaEndurence® and StainSmart®.

Mohair Council of America (Association) This association promotes the sale and use of mohair.
Monterey Mills (Textile Mill) Monterey Mills, located in Janesville, Wisconsin, is a premier supplier of knitted pile fabric to the paint roller industry. Product lines include: apparel, over-the-counter, toy, saddlepad, casket/boot/slipper/music case liners, wash mitts, pet beds, wool and wool blended buffing pads, premium hospital pads, and pet bed fabrics. The company strives to be the premium supplier of knitted pile fabric and to be recognized as a leader in the industry.

N NanoHorizons (Technology) NanoHorizons, Inc. focuses on nanotechnology applications in the fiber, medical, semiconductor and analytic chemistry markets. Founded in 2002, the company is a leading innovator in using applied nanotechnology to solve real problems. In addition to SmartSilver™ nanoparticle-based additives and antimicrobial fibers, NanoHorizons' products and application introductions include QuickMass™, the Postflex process, and a nanoscale-engineered solar cell technology. The company's founder also founded the Penn State NanoFabrication Facility, a part of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network.

National Textile Industries (Fabric Manufacturer) National Textile Industries, has been supplying broadcloth and trimmings since 1958. Today, National Textile Industries converts poly cotton broadcloth for a wide range of manufacturers from the home furnishings market to the medical market. In addition, its bias binding division produces approximately 295 million yards of trimming a year. National Textile Industries has developed an unsurpassed reputation in the industry for quality fabric and trims in its stock program of over 150 solid colors.
NatureWorks LLC NatureWorks LLC is a stand-alone company wholly owned by Cargill. Dedicated to meeting the world’s needs today without compromising the earth’s ability to meet the needs of tomorrow, NatureWorks LLC is the first company to offer a family of commercially available greenhouse-gas-neutral polymers derived from 100 percent annually renewable resources with cost and performance that compete with petroleum-based packaging materials and fibers. The company applies its unique technology to the processing of natural plant sugars to create a proprietary polylactide polymer, which is marketed under the NatureWorks® polymer and Ingeo™ fibers brand names. Ingeo®
Nextec Applications Inc. (Technology) Nextec Applications, Inc. has pioneered a new process for creating performance fabrics. By using precise polymer placement and special chemistries, protection is placed inside the fabric, encapsulating the actual woven fibers. The company's design and management teams are leaders in the production of high performance fabrics for a broad range of markets including outdoor gear, performance apparel, industrial applications and protective products. Nextec s extensive R&D capabilities cover fabric characterization, polymer research and development and a full range of ASTM and AATCC fabric testing. Nextec is best known for its EPIC by Nextec® fabrics. EPIC
Nilit Corporate America (Fiber/yarn Producer) Nilit is the international manufacturer of fine and super fine yarns for the fashion legwear and bodywear markets. The company is a pioneer in the devolpment of nylon microfibers and their applications. The Sensil® brand comprises Nilit's family of 6.6 polyamide yarns. Sensil®
Noble Fiber Technologies (Fiber Producer) Silver fiber is the silver bullet in Noble Fiber Technologies' business model. The company markets and distributes X-Static, a silver fiber that is used in manufacturing textiles, home fashions, military boots and apparel, medical garments, and a variety of other consumer products. X-Static is an effective anti-microbial and has proven anti-static, heat transfer, and therapeutic properties as well.

North Carolina University
Nylstar (Fiber producer) Nylstar is a leading producer of polyamide yarns, and the Meryl® family of nylon yarns for the activewear, bodywear, hosiery, and seamless knitting markets.

O Optimer Performance Fibers (Textile Technology) Optimer Performance Fibers, Inc., based in Wilmington, DE, is a textile research, development and marketing company. The company, founded in 2001, has a scientific staff credited with over 100 patents and developments. Dri-release is a registered trademark of Optimer Performance Fibers. It is a patented, intimate blend of hydrophobic and hydrophilic fibers that accelerate the water release rate of a fabric when wet. FreshGuard is a registered trademark of Optimer Performance Fibers. It is an environmentally friendly odor neutralizer built directly into all Dri-release fabrics.

Outlast Technologies (Textile Technology) Headquartered in Boulder, Colorado, Outlast Technologies Incorporated specializes in Outlast® Adaptive Comfort® technology that delivers superior comfort and performance. The company develops and markets products that interactively change temperature in response to the unique needs of each individual and the demands of their environment. Today the intelligent microencapsulated phase change material (PCM) is not only used in high quality apparel and footwear, but also in bedding and other applications of worldwide brand leaders.

P Pittards (Leather Supplier)Pittards plc is a preferred supplier of high performance leather to the world's leading brands of gloves, shoes, luxury leathergoods and sports equipment. The company seeks to grow its business by offering innovative leathers which are differentiated from competing products by their performance properties, quality and consistency, which are backed by the highest standards of customer service.

Polartec, LLC (Textile Mill) Malden Mills Industries Inc. is the developer and manufacturer of Polartec® performance textiles. Polartec® Aqua Shell®
Polartec® Classic
Polartec® Power Dry®
Polartec® Power Shield"
Polartec® Power Stretch®
Polartec® Thermal Pro®
Polartec® Wind Pro®
Polartec® Windbloc®
Polartec® Windbloc-ACT®
Prima-Tex industries, Inc. Prima-Tex, a Buena Park, California, based textile printing company, has emerged as one of the West Coast's leading rotary printers. This customer service oriented, quality textile printer focuses on fast turn-times for its customers. Prima-Tex offers an in-house design studio, screen engraving, and a dedicated staff to personally cater to its customers' needs. The company can create custom orders, and will work closed with its customers to make any idea a reality. Prima-Tex's specific capabilitites include: color rotary screen printing, sanforizing, micro-sanding, crinkling, discharge printing, burn-out printing, foil and paper transfer, and custom finishing.

R RadiciSpandex (Fiber Producer) RadiciSpandex Corp. is a U.S. subsidiary of The Radici Group, an Italian based entity that employs over 5600 employees at 49 production units in 15 countries worldwide. The company's trademark products include Cleerspan® and Glospan®. Cleerspan®
Glospan®
Redding Canvas Redding Canvas is a manufacturer of custom covers, as well as selling the stock fabrics used in the covers. The company manufactures items to your specifications. Family owned and operated since 1985, Redding Canvas has a reputation for building quality, durable canvas products. The company believes in using the best techniques, the best materials, and the best prices to make canvas products that will last for years. Many of the company's items carry a 5 yr. guarantee. Redding Canvas's manufactured items include covers for sandboxes, swamp coolers, satellite dishes, sun shades, patios, retractable covers, valances, and tarps.
Rubberlite, Inc. (Supplier) Rubberlite, Inc. is an industry recognized leader of converted cellular rubber and plastic products. Rubberlite is an innovator in polyurethane foam manufacturing and features the largest variety of foam densities by thickness, with the tightest tolerance capability in the industry. The company also laminates most any cellular foam with a wide variety of fabrics, and films, and can laminate fabric to fabric or foam to foam for dual function or dual density applications. Rubberlite is the producer of the HyPUR-cel® and Visco-cel® family of medium-to-high density foams. Rubberlite services the safety, sports textiles, medical, automotive, industrial, electronic, and footwear markets. HyPUR-cel®
Visco-cel®

S S & A Impex (Trading Company/Finishing Equipment)S & A is a trading firm, dealing in specialty chemicals for the garment and textile trade. S & A also offers specialty finishing equipment for the garment industry.
Safety Systems Corp. This company is a tactical Systems Specialist, supplying tactical and assault equipment to the Military, Anti-Terrorist Teams, Police Emergency Response Teams, Major Security Companies, Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, and Foreign Governments SSC is the oldest company of its kind in existence, established in 1981 in Illinois and incorporated in March 1984. driFIRE®
Schoeller Textil USA (Textile Mill) Schoeller develops multi-functional performance stretch woven fabrics, incorporating protective and reflective qualities into the fabrics. 3XDRY®
Bluesign®
Schoeller®-deoline
Schoeller®-dryskin
Schoeller®-dynamic
Schoeller®-dynatec
Schoeller®-keprotec®
Schoeller®-PCM"
Schoeller®-prestige
Schoeller®-reflex
Schoeller®-skifans
Schoeller®-spirit
Schoeller®-stretchlight
Schoeller®-WB-400
Schoeller®-WB-formula
Schuessler Knitting Mills, Inc. (Textile Mill) Schuessler Knitting Mills is the manufacturer of knit & fleece winter hats, scarves, neckgaiters, headbands, mittens and more.
Seamless Consortium A division within The Hosiery Association (THA), The Seamless Consortium is an industry group representing manufactures, suppliers, marketers, and retailers of seamless apparel products. Its objective is to be the primary destination for information, education, and support related to the business of design, development, production and marketing of seamless garments.
Shawmut Mills (Textile Mill) Shawmut laminates over 30 million yards annually on 15 laminating ranges, making it the largest independent laminator in the U.S. Shawmut has the ability to serve a variety of industries including the automotive, medical, protective and performance wear, military, hospitality, and filtration industries. Darlexx Superskin®
Darlexx Thermalastic®
Darlexx®
Silver Textile, Inc. (Knit/Woven Distributor/Garment Packages) This company offers a line of Tencels®, Bembergs, yarn dyes, embroideries, cottons, lace, velvets, cordurys, silks, jacquards, prints, wovens, and knit fabrics and full garment packages.
Solutia Inc. (Fiber/Yarn Producer) Wear-Dated® carpet fiber, made by Solutia, has earned its reputation as one of the most durable choices for carpet. Carpet made with Wear-Dated® carpet fiber is available from the major carpet manufacturers and brands, like Mohawk (Karastan, Aladdin, Horizon, CustomWeave, Wunda Weve), Shaw (Tuftex, Philadelphia, Queen, World, Trustmark), Beaulieu (Coronet, Hollytex), Royalty, Gulistan, Milliken, Fabrica, and Masland. Wear-Dated®
Swift Galey HOME (Textile Mill) Swift Galey HOME, a division of Swift Galey, is the global producer of denim fabrics that targets the home furnishings market. Swift Galey's Santa Fe Denim was originally introduced to the home furnishings market in 1992. The improved New Generations line of denim fabrics, produced by Swift Galey HOME, offers performance qualities in color and finish never before seen in 100% cotton fabrics for the home. The New Generations Denim is breathable, comfortable, fade resistant, and easy care.
SylvanSport

T T.O.P.I. Imports This company imports fabrics direct from France and Europe, along with lavender Direct from growers in France. T.O.P.I. Imports packages and manufactures everything in Surrey, B.C. Canada. It is able to supply any small or large quantity in any product it sells. The company also works with distributors and will be happy to set up a package tailored to a distributor's needs.
Tefron (Fabric Manufacturer) Tefron has established itself as a leader in fabric design, innovation and manufacturing in the areas of seamless and engineered apparel, and has taken a dominant market position in performance sports wear. Working with many of the most admired global brands in the world, Tefron provides the insight, technology, manufacturing and partnership that bring ideas to life. Tefron's research, design, and development continues to set industry standards.
Teijin Fibers Group Limited (Manufactured Fiber/Fabric Producer) is a multinational enterprise, of which the synthetic fiber division is one of five major business groups.
Texas Tech University
TexBase Based in Bozman, Montana, TEXbase delivers technology solutions to the textile industry and is committed to providing software and services that enable its customers to save money by streamlining their R&D processes and make money by bringing better products to market faster. The company's hosted applications serve customers such as NatureWorks, Wellman, Inc., Deer Creek Fabrics, and Patagonia.
Texollini (Textile Mill) Specializing in stretch fabrics and located in Long Beach, California, Texollini is the largest vertically integrated knitting mill west of the Mississippi. The company is recognized within the textile industry as an innovative leader in quality knitted fabrications with and without spandex, and in creativity in print design and application. The company has the capacity for small custom orders, as well as large program business. Texollini provides fabric development, knitting, dying, finishing, fabric print design and printing capabilities. The company's product lines include sportswear, bodywear, activewear, performance wear, intimate apparel and swimwear.
The Astrup Company (Fabric Supplier) This company is a supplier to the awning, marine, casual furniture, industrial and recreational markets with a complete and unequaled selection of colorful and popular sunshade and protective fabrics. Astrup is an international leader and innovator in the fabric industry, providing thousands of different fabrics, hardware, finishing tools, trimmings and cordage. These products are used in the manufacture of awnings, tents, signs, tarpaulins, outdoor furniture and patio umbrellas, marine products (tops and covers) and associated products.
The Hosiery Association The Hosiery Association (THA) is the premiere, trusted source for USA hosiery and seamless knitting markets. The association proudly supports and promotes leg wear manufacturers and suppliers, and serves as the information gateway for consumers, retailers, legislators and the media.
Thermore Thermore®, producer of Thermore® Thermal Insulation has been on the leading edge in thermal insulation technology and continues to be a pioneer in the development of advanced fibers and innovative structures that help your body maintain its natural warmth. Today, Thermore s corporate offices are still located in Milan- a city well noted as one of the leaders in global fashion and design. Milan offers the ideal setting for the Thermore® R&D team to explore trends and introduce innovative products to the outerwear market. Thermore®
Thomson Research Associates (Antimicrobial Technology) Thomson Research Associates (TRA), a Canadian company, develops and markets Ultra-Fresh antimicrobial treatments for textiles and polymers. Ultra-Fresh, a world leader in antibacterial and antifungal treatments, has been a global success since its 1955 introduction. Developed in the TRA laboratories, Ultra-Fresh has found countless applications in the manufacture of textiles, plastics, foams, coatings and rubber-based materials. Ultra-Fresh diminishes odours, promotes freshness and extends product life by attacking the very source of bacteria, fungi, and other destructive microorganisms. Recently, the company introduced Silpure, its silver-based anti-microbial product. Ultra Fresh Silpure
Toray Marketing & Sales (Manufactured Fiber/Fabric Producer) The Toray Group augments its primary focus on synthetic fibers, raw fibers and textiles with end products delivered straight to the market. Toray products are used in a wide array of applications from apparel and clothing to tire-coding, fishing nets and other industrial uses. Entrant®
Entrant®
Recyclon™
Transport Dry Layer, Inc.
TrapTek, LLC TrapTek, a Longmont. Colorado-based company, is the pioneer inventor of technology to embed activated carbon made from coconut shells in fibers, yarns and fabrics, and to keep the particles activated through different polymer and film processes. The technology provides moisture management, odor management and UV protection. It is used in performance apparel, footwear, socks, fleece, pet beds, chemical warfare protection, Homeland Defense applications, and automobile products. Cocona™ Fabrics
Tri Vanage™, LLC (Fabric Manufacturer) A Glen Raven Company, Tri Vanage™, LLC is an international supplier of specialty fabrics and hardware used in the manufacture of awnings, signs, casual furniture, tents, umbrellas, marine products (interiors, tops and covers) and many other residential, commercial and architectural applications. The company serves awning and marine fabricators, architects, interior designers, sign manufacturers and upholstery shops through 19 distribution centers throughout North America.
Tullahoma Industries, LLC (Fabric Converter/Apparel Manufacturer) Tullahoma Industries LLC is a manufacturer of apparel for the US military, and has developed a product for the performance sportswear market called OuterBounds™. Tullahoma also works on a commission basis with manufacturers to provide converting services in both knit and woven fabrics. The company's corporate headquarters is located in Tullahoma, Tennessee, and it has manufacturing facilities in Tullahoma, Tennessee, Gruetli-laager, Tennessee, and Brilliant, Alabama. Tullahoma is ISO 9001 Certified.

U Ultimate Solutions LLC This Salem, New Hampshire, based, company is a customized consulting service, focused on product development, manufacturing, production,and sourcing functions. Founded by Elaine Clarke, a 28+ year veteran of the apparel industry, the company identifies businesses' critical challenges and develops strategies tailored to their goals through collaboration and global expertise.
Unifi, Inc. (Yarn Supplier) Unifi has a longstanding reputation for manufacturing excellence in supplying innovative, high-quality polyester and nylon textured yarns and related raw materials worldwide. Unifi offers solution dyed textured yarns, package dyed textured and spun yarns, covering of elastomeric and other yarns, conventional warp draw beaming, and yarn twisting. ,The Company adds value to the supply chain through our expertise in new product development and downstream marketing efforts. Unifi continues to develop an innovative, differentiated product offering, adding permanent performance characteristics to textile products, including moisture management, UV protection and antimicrobial and odor control properties.

United Knitting (Fabric Knitter/Dyer/Finisher) This mill is a world leader in the product development and production of performance stretch knitted fabrics, and services the outdoor, fitness, team sports, and swimwear markets. Located in Tennessee, United Knitting maintains a modern state-of-the-art circular knitting, dyeing, and finishing facility. Consistency, flexibility, and conformity to requirements are its top priority in developing high quality, innovative fabrics for its partner customers. United Knitting is the exclusive knitting partner for Cocona™, Traptek's new activated carbon fiber. United Knitting Fabrics
Unitika Ltd. (Textile manufacturer) A Japanese textile company whose capabilities have extended into medical and chemical fields with polymers, vinyl and enzymes. Proof Ace®

V Vibram
Visibly Safe Visibly Safe is a committed safety supply organization with a global network of professionals whom have extensive backgrounds and knowledge in their fields. By working closely with each client, Visibly Safe is able to guarantee the product delivered fits the work environment at hand.

W W.L. Gore and Associates (Fabric Developer) W.L. Gore is the a product development company, which produces fluoropolymer products, providing innovative solutions in a wide variety of fabrics. The company is best know for its Gore-Tex brand of fabrics. However, the company also provides innovative solutions in next generation cable assemblies and components for the electronics industry, and medical fabrics.GORE DRYLOFT®
GORE WINDSTOPPER®
GORE-TEX®
GORE-TEX® IMMERSION TECHNOLOGY®
GORE-TEX® OCEAN TECHNOLOGY®
Wellman Inc. (Fiber Producer) Wellman Inc. is best known in the performance sportswear market for its branded fibers of Sensura®, Comfortrel XP®, Holofiber®, and Fortrel®. As one of the very first premium polyesters, Fortrel is engineered with high-tech, high-touch properties. It has been a market leader since its inception as a brand, recognized and valued for consistent quality and superior marketability. Fortrel is used in apparel, home fashions, and industrial markets.

ComFortrel®
MicroSpun®
Spunnaire®
Western Nonwovens Inc. Headquartered in Carson California, and with operations throughout the U.S., Western Nonwovens focuses on applying innovative solutions in adding value to their products, which include ClimaShield™, Sandmat™, and Esyntial Safe®. The company services a variety of industries including mattress, automotive, retail apparel, filtration and furniture manufacturers. Climashield™
Woolrich® (Textile Mill) Woolrich is The Original Outdoor Clothing Company®. The tradition of its custom designed woolens dates back to 1830 when Woolrich's founder, John Rich, constructed his first woolen mill in Plum Run, Pennsylvania. By 1845, he expanded and moved to what is now Woolrich, Pennsylvania. During the great logging era of central Pennsylvania, John Rich traveled from camp to camp selling fabric, socks, coverlets, and yarn from the back of a mule cart. Loggers’ wives then crafted garments from the fabric. Today the company services the apparel, gift, and home furnishings markets. The same original quality, attention to detail, and function can be found today in every fiber of Woolrich wool. No other mill has more experience with wool, because Woolrich is America’s Oldest Woolen Mill

Z Zimmer AG (Fiber Producer) This company is a leading plant contractor for the manufacture of polymers and synthetic fibers and offers high-tech process engineering worldwide. The company is involved polyamide and polyester production processes. But its latest innovation in marine textile production (2001) was the development of a new fiber, SeaCell®. SeaCell®

By: Mudassar Salman

Alphabetical Trademark/Brand Name Index

2008-09-26T01:20:00.003+06:00

Alphabetical Trademark/Brand Name Index

	3XDRY® - Schoeller Textil USA's trademark for it multi-functional high-tech finish, which repels moisture on the outside and transports moisture quickly from the inside. 3XDRY® is highly breathable, less susceptible to soiling and dries very fast.
A	A.M.Y.® - A.M.Y.® is Unifi's performance yarn providing permanent antimicrobial protection. A.M.Y. incorporates a silver ceramic additive providing durable antimicrobial performance for the life of the textile product. Unifi's proprietary process embeds the additive into the polymer matrix during manufacturing, creating a yarn with inherent antimicrobial properties.
	AEGIS Microbe Shield® - The environmentally sensitive and user friendly antimicrobial for textiles. AEGIS Microbe Shield contains no heavy metals, no free radicals, and no toxic mode of action. It is the most advanced silane network that safely works on cany color, any substrate, anywhere in the world. AEGIS Microbe Shield means protection.
	aio® - Manufacturered by Unifi, this single performance yarn combines everthing that you need, in any combination you want. The yarn can incorporate moisture management, stretch, UV protection, and anti-microbial control.
	Airstretch™ - A fabric collection from CastleRock's Casual Performance fabric line, which is "light as air", and offers "comfort stretch" for flexible performance without the expense of spandex. The Airstretch fabrics have a 4-way stretch and recovery quality without the use of spandex. The fabrics are also very soft and easy-care.
	Akwadyne® - Akwadyne nylon, developed by Comfort Technologies, transports moisture and thermoregulates by a chemical principle known as electrochemical transport. The Akwadyne process involves chemically modifying nylon fibers, resulting in a permanent treatment which cannot be removed by laundering. In warm temperatures the fabric responds electrostatically, moving moisture and excessive heat from the body to the surface of fabric to keep the wearer cooler and drier. In cooler weather the fabric adjusts to trap heat while releasing moisture to keep the wearer warm, dry and comfortable. Unlike fabrics that rely on capillary action, Akwadyne does not need to be worn close to the skin to work. The Akwadyne process has been used to treat yarn, and both knit and woven fabric and garments
	Akwatek® - Akwatek® polyester developed by Comfort Technologies, transports moisture and thermoregulates by a chemical principle known as electrochemical transport. The Akwatek process involves chemically modifying nylon fibers, resulting in a permanent treatment which cannot be removed by laundering. In warm temperatures the fabric responds electrostatically, moving moisture and excessive heat from the body to the surface of fabric to keep the wearer cooler and drier. In cooler weather the fabric adjusts to trap heat while releasing moisture to keep the wearer warm, dry and comfortable. Unlike fabrics that rely on capillary action, Akwatek does not need to be worn close to the skin to work. The Akwatek process has been used to treat yarn, and both knit and woven fabric and garments.
	Amersil® - Amersil® is Venture Textiles' proprietary fire-retardant silicone coating, which provides tear-resistance characteristics when applied to the fabric, along with superior waterprofness and flame retardancy. This finish is cuurently being used as a protective coating in tents, sleeping bags, outerwear, and backpacks.
	Anso-tex® - Anso-tex® Nylon is a high-tenacity, textured nylon and registered trademark of Allied Signal Performance Fibers. It provides high strength and superior abrasion resistance, and dyes and prints bright clean colors for footwear, outerwear, accessories, soft sided luggage, duffle bags, computer bags, sports bags, and webbing.
	Antron® - ANTRON® is the registered trademark for the INVISTA brand of commercial carpet fiber. ANTRON® is engineered for superior soil release, stain removal, durability and ease of maintenance. ANTRON® can be found in over 800 commercial styles made by today's leading carpet manufacturers. Being the only carpet fiber designated as an Environmentally Preferable Product, ANTRON® is third-party certified as having a reduced effect on the environment and on human health in comparative ratings with competing offerings. A durable product that offers superior performance, ANTRON® yields excellent life-cycle costs and the lowest total environmental impact.
	Armor-Tan™ - A new generation leather, developed by Pittards, which uses chemistry focused on the fibril bundles within the leather structure. By encasing the fibril bundles by microscopic ceramic "armor plates" within the leather structure, a greater resistance to abrasion and an increase in the durability of the leather is created.
	Artic Fleece® - Artic Fleece® is Menra Mills' lightweight polyester fleece used in active outdoor apparel.
	Augusta™ - Unifi's synthetic alternative to cotton, Augusta™ delivers the light hand, soft drape and simple aesthetics of a fine spun yarn across a variety of end-uses, including seamless apparel, intimate apparel, and casual sportswear. The benefits of Augusta include color retention, low pilling, wrinkle resistance, and easy-care.
	Australian Merino Wool - With the help of Australian Wool Innovation, Merino wool is being rediscovered and reshaped by designers keen to take advantage of the move back toward natural fibers. A product of the ages, Merino wool yarn can be worn through all seasons, and is the fiber for our times. The increasing global preference for natural, eco-friendly and organic products has driven demand for environmentally assured Australian Merino wool.
	Avora® FR - AVORA® FR is the trademark for licensed fabrics containing 100% inherent FR polyester fiber from INVISTA. All Avora FR fabrics must be certified by INVISTA to exhibit the tradename. Avora FR fabrics meet most flammability requirements for use in hospitality and contract furnishing applications. Avora FR fabrics are synonymous with safety, as the flame resistance is permanent and will not wash or wear out. Avora FR fabrics also exhibit excellent wear properties, good dimensional stability, excellent colorfastness and ease of care. Avora FR fabrics, produced from INVISTA FR fiber, are available in a wide range of colors and designs.
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B	Berber By Glenoit - Berber By Glenoit" is Glenoit Mills' cut pile fabric with a tumbled, curled, tweed-like surface, made of MicroSupreme/acrylic/ polyester/modacrylic. Major properties of this easy-care fabric include moisture transport capabilities, excellent color retention, and quick drying. The pile is used in outerwear, skiwear, and casual sportswear.
	Bluesign® - Schoeller Textil USA's trademark name for its high-tech envirnmentally friendly fabrics. These textiles comply with the bluesign® standard. They guarantee the lowest possible concentration of harmful substances and are manufactured in a safe and resource-saving way.
	Body Care® - BODY CARE® (Quick Dry — QD100) This fabric absorbs the moisture and perspiration from the skin and transports it quickly through the fabric for fast evaporation. BODY CARE® (Multi-Function — AB100) This fabric is a highly effective natural anti-microbial agent, restraining the microbe from breeding, and is both ecologically and environmentally friendly.
	Buzz Off™ Insect Shield - BUZZ OFF™ Insect Shield Insect Repellent Apparel is the first insect-repellent clothing to be registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. To gain this approval, BUZZ OFF apparel underwent rigorous testing and review. BUZZ OFF apparel has been shown to be highly effective through 70 washings. By contrast, insect repellents applied directly to the skin range in effectiveness and last from several minutes to several hours. The repellent quality is effective even after repeated washings. BUZZ OFF apparel will continue to repel insects through 70 washings, more than twice the the approximate effective life of a garment.
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C	Caprolan® - Caprolan® Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Peformance Fibers. It is a high quality, Type 6 nylon fiber that is lightweight, durable, abrasion resistant and has excellent dyeability. Caprolan nylon is used for a variety of apparel and equipment, including knit and woven fabrics for linings, shells, outerwear, skiwear, sports bags, golf bags, fanny packs, day packs, and sleeping bags.
	Cascade - A rich, melton-like fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	Caslana - A washable wool pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is very light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	CELBOND® - CELBOND® is a family of technically advanced sheath-core bicomponent staple fibers. The core of each CELBOND® fiber is polyester for added strength and resilience. Surrounding the polyester core of each fiber is a special lower melting polymer sheath which, after exposure to heat, is designed to form a strong, cohesive bond with other fibers. These dual polymer fibers are designed to bond in a wide range of nonwoven and highloft structures. CELBOND® fibers' characteristics offer manufacturers a unique combination of beneficial properties for nonwoven products: Versatile bonding, Easy lamination, Increased strength, Maximum resilience, Enhanced fabric softness, Environmentally responsible CELBOND® bicomponent fibers can be blended with a variety of other fibers for bonding by air-lay, wet-lay, or dry form methods. end uaes include: Absorbent products, Airlaid products, Wet-formed products, Automotive components, Filtration products, Sensitive FDA-regulated uses, Resin-free fabrics
	Chantilly - A silky, textured pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	Chinella® - Chinella® is a collection of three types of polyester fleece fabrics developed by Menra Mills for outerwear, skiwear, sweaters, linings, and accessories. The fabric contains recycled polyester with quick-drying, rapid-wicking characteristics.
	Cleerspan® - Cleerspan® is a spandex fiber produced by Radici Spandex. Lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber. Able to be stretched over 500% without breaking, fibers can be repeatedly stretched and still recover they're original length. Uses include athletic apparel, bathing suits, foundation garments, ski pants, slacks, tights, slacks, support and surgical hose
	Climashield™ - This is the group name for Western Nonwovens' Branded products for the Outdoor Recreation and Sports industries. All of WNI's products are produced using continuous filament technology. Because of this, they all stretch, are warm even if wet, can be washed, are naturally durable, and don't require a scrim or quilting in manufacturing. The company's trademark names for its group of outdoor products include Climashield® XP, Climashield® HL, and Climashield® CL.
	Cocona™ Fabrics - TrapTek's Cocona fibers and yarns are infused with activated carbon from coconut shells and provides moisture management, odor management and UV protection. The yarns and fibers are lightweight, comfortable and retain all other product features, such as stretch and washability for the life of the product. TrapTek's Cocona was named by Time Magazine as one of the most amazing inventions of 2005.
	Comforel® - COMFOREL® is the registered trademark for the INVISTA brand of bedding products. It offers down-like luxury in bedding products such as pillows, comforters and mattress pads. COMFOREL® is also used in furniture applications, which include decorative pillows and mattress toppers. In pillows, COMFOREL® clusters shift and move like real down for comparable comfort, without the worry of allergies commonly associated with down. New "COMFOREL® Naturals" create an even greater feeling of luxury by blending the clusters with silk, cashmere and angora.
	ComforTemp® DCC" - ComforTemp® DCC" is Frisby Technologies' patented thermal insulation engineered with "Dynamic Climate Control" for optimum comfort and protection, even in the most severe conditions. ComforTemp DCC is a next generation insulation, which performs like a thermostat to keep your body at a more constant, comfortable temperature. When it senses cold, it releases stored heat. In extreme heat, it absorbs it to provide a cooling effect. Lightweight and breathable, it also keeps you dry by wicking away moisture from your skin. ComforTemp DCC is "Thermasorb-charged," dynamically absorbing and releasing heat, even when compressed. End uses: polyurethane foam and foam/fabric packages.
	ComFortrel XP® - ComFortrel XP® is a fiber that gives both comfort and performance to apprel and socks. Qualities include great moisture management and shape retention. ComFortrel® is developed from a new patented co-polymer that allows fibers to be atmospherically dyed for beautiful colors. End-uses include knitwear, thermals, underwear, sleepwear, athletic wear, and socks.
	ComFortrel® - ComFortrel® is a polyester fiber made by Wellman, Inc. For natural fiber comfort in a high performance yarn, ComFortrel® is engineered for superior breathability and wickability. Moisture moves away from the skin and doesn't get trapped in the fabric. And, because it's made of Fortrel®, performance is built right in. ComFortrel® provides superb pill resistance, maintains excellent shape retention, and doesn't shrink, wrinkle or stretch. And, it looks as good as it feels. End uses include high performance apparel, sportswear, childrenswear, and performance underwear.
	Concept III Textiles - Concept III fabrics provided by Concept III International include the development, sourcing, and production of both knit and woven textiles and textile-based finished apparel products worldwide. Utilizing a keen understanding of global commerce, extensive textile and fiber development expertise, and effective mill and factory relationships. Concept III fabrics are targeted towards the casual sportswear and performance sportswear market.
	CoolMax® - CoolMax®, made by Invista, is a tetra-channel polyester, which pulls, or "wicks", moisture away from your skin to the outer layer of the fabric. Because of the larger surface area of the tetra- channel fiber, moisture evaporates quickly. So, you stay dry and comfortable. CoolMax fabric is also highly breathable and easy to care for. It is used in a variety of apparel, sports accessories and medical wraps, braces and pads.
	CoolVisions® - Manufactured by FiberVisions, CoolVisions® is the premiere dyeable polypropylene fiber. Besides it dyeability feature, the fiber also incorporates a vast array of performance qualities including lightweight, comfort, cottony soft, moisture management, durability, breathability, thermal insultion, stain resistance, and easy care.
	Cordura® - Cordura® Nylon is an air-textured, high-tenacity nylon made by Invista. Manufacturers use it to create products that provide durability and abrasion resistance. Cordura is used in products like backpacks, luggage and travel accessories, hunting equipment and apparel, hiking shoes, workwear, and snowboarding and motorcycling apparel.
	Creora® - Creora® is the trademark name for Hyosung America's spandex yarn. Creora heat-resistant H350 is specifically engineered for polyester compatability and offers improved wash fastness and quality in soft, quick-drying blends.
	Cryon™ - Developed by Consoltex, Cryon™ is a modacrylic-cotton blend and inherently flame resistant fabric that has natural moisture management properties and offers limitless coloring options, including "bright colors". The 9.4 ounce fabric is compliant with NFPA 70E level 2 for electricians and electrical wor
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D	Dacron® - DACRON® is an Invista polyester fiber, initially developed as a filament yarn for apparel fabrics. The product introduced "easy care" to the market by being the first brand to deliver wash-and- wear benefits to garments. The size, shape and chemistry of DACRON® fibers have been engineered to deliver textile features and benefits not just to apparel. It is used as fiberfill in pillows and decorative fabrics in home textiles. Its exceptional adaptability has also led to the creation of new products in the commercial upholstery and automotive markets.
	Darlexx Superskin® - Darlexx Superskin®, Shawmut Mills, is made with two-ply nylon and Lycra®, along with a proprietary thermoplastic film laminate. The fabric provides a low drag coefficient for speed in competition swim, ski, and running apparel.
	Darlexx Thermalastic® - Darlexx Thermalastic®, Shawmut Mills, is a three-ply Lycra® with a proprietary thermoplastic film and microfiber fleece. The fabric is waterproof, windproof, and breathable and provides all-directional stretch and insulation characteristics for watersports and skiwear apparel.
	Darlexx® - Darlexx®, made by Shawmut Mills, is a two-, three-, four-ply Lycra® fabric with a proprietary thermoplastic film laminate, which creates waterproof, windproof, breathable characteristics in all-directional stretch fabric for outerwear, swimwear, skiwear, and scuba apparel.
	Deer Creek Fabrics - The Deer Creek Line of performance fabrics are developed by Deer Creek, a Stamford, Connecticut, based technology and customer-driven textile company. The innovative knitted fabrics are targeted towards the outdoor and active performance wear markets, as well as the industrial and medical markets. Besides maintaining its line of innovative product developments, Deer Creek Fabrics also works closely with its customer base of branded manufacturers and specialty retailers in the development of customized fabrics.
	Dorlastan® - Dorlastan® is the spandex fiber produced by Bayer Inc. It is lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber. Dorlastan can be stretched over 500% without breaking, and can be stretched repeatedly and still recover it's original length. It provides lightweight freedom of movement in men's, women's and children's apparel. Uses include athletic apparel, bathing suits, foundation garments, ski pants, slacks, tights, slacks, support and surgical hose.
	Dow Corning® Active Protection System - Dow Corning® Active Protection System is a smart high- performance textile for impact protection for use in high- performance sportswear, medical devices, architecture & construction, industrial & geo fabrics, military & civil defense products.
	Dow XLA™ - This elastic filament fiber is a olefin based fiber developed by Dow Fiber Solutions. XLA™ is resistant to harsh chemicals and high heat, enabling XLA™ to be applied across a wide range of apparel products, including swimwear, ready to wear, denim, intimates and activewear. XLA™ fiber is inherently chlorine proof and resists the harmful combination of UV exposure and suntan lotion, helping swimwear maintain bright colors, prints, and fit. The fiber withstands the harshest treatments in denim, including bleaching, grinding, stonewash, resin and laser. XLA™ complements the drape and hand of the host fabric without giving garments a synthetic feel, and provides easy care and durability.
	driFIRE® - DRIFIRE is a Performance FR garment system, designed to deliver the ultimate in Moisture Management, Comfort and Flame Resistant (FR) safety. DRIFIRE was engineered using the patented Dri-release® moisture management performance technology by Optimer Performance Fibers to give the wearer maximum performance, combined with an ultimate FR solution.
	Dri-release® - Dri-release is an engineered yarn, developed by Optimer Performance Fibers, which uses a patented microblend of natural and synthetic fibers, combining the best qualities of both. The natural fibers absorb moisture, pulling it off the skin and onto the fabric. Synthetic fibers repel moisture, forcing it through to the surface of the garment where it evaporates quickly as airflow moves across the surface of the fabric. Dri-release also has the added proprietary benefit of FreshGuard, a natural component and unique process activated right in the yarn, helping this ultimate performance fabric virtually elim
	DryLiner® - DryLiner is a trademark fabric of InSport. It is a lightweight blend of CoolMax® and Lycra® designed with enhanced horizontal stretch and inhibited vertical stretch. The construction of this soft fabric provides both comfort and ideal support.
	Dryon™ - Consoltex soft shell fabrics feature Dryon® is a super durable water repellent finish (SDWR). Dryon technology is invisible to the eye and forces water to bead on the surface of the fabric helping to keep you dry and comfortable. Dryon performs up to ten times better than competing water repellent finishes, does not inhibit breathability and enhances stain resistance. Dryon was originally developed for use by surgeons and their staff protecting them from contamination by bodily fluids, bacteria and other pathogens. Dryon is designed with renewable performance and is able to withstand up to 75 industrial wash and sterilizat
	DrySport® - DrySport is a registered trademark of InSport. This is a uniquely double-faced fabric with a nylon face for maximum durability, and a Micromattique polyester backing provides superior moisture management through the latest hydrophobic/hydrophilic, push/pull fabric technology
	DuPont™ Active Layer - DuPont™ Active Layer is a recyclable, waterproof, breathable film used in apparel applications to help block out wind, cold, and water, so that people stay dry and comfortable during inclement weather conditions. DuPont™ Active Layer offers a sustainable solution for customers who want recyclability and performance from their textiles.
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E	Earthwhile™ - Earthwhile™ are eco-smart fabrics developed by Consoltex that are durable, abrasion resistant, fast drying activewear fabrics featuring natural, organic and recycled materials designed to deliver performance with an environmental consciousnes
	Eclipse™ - Eclipse™ Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. It is a textile nylon with high ultra-violet resistance and superior dyeability for extended wear in surf and ski apparel.
	Eclipse® - Eclipse® is a family of waterproof, breathable polyurethane microporous coatings with two-stage durable water repellency (DWR). These coatings are created for outdoor garments by ASF Group.
	EcoSpun® - EcoSpun®, (EcoSpun Squared), made by Foss Manufacturing Company, LLC, is the revolutionary second generation polyester fiber derived from recycled plastic bottles. It's power boosted performance combines natural comfort with superior performance characteristics. End uses include performance apparel-fleeces and knits.
	Entrant® - an advanced material that fulfills the two functions that are vital for active sportswear: moisture-permeability to allow perspiration to escape from the skin during exercise, and waterproof properties to prevent rain penetrating from outside. Entrant*'s qualities make it ideal for skiwear, athletics wear, and other articles of clothing worn during vigorous exercise or in severe weather conditions as well as for tents and shoes.
	Entrant® - an advanced material that fulfills the two functions that are vital for active sportswear: moisture-permeability to allow perspiration to escape from the skin during exercise, and waterproof properties to prevent rain penetrating from outside. Entrant*'s qualities make it ideal for skiwear, athletics wear, and other articles of clothing worn during vigorous exercise or in severe weather conditions as well as for tents and shoes.
	EPIC - EPIC by Nextec" is a brand of high-performance fabrics that have been encapsulated with a patented process that applies an ultra-thin polymer film around fibers and between the fiber bundles of the fabric. This assures that they absorb so little water, that they continue to breathe even in cold, wet conditions. EPIC by Nextec" fabrics are highly water-resistant and wind-proof, and because the barrier is placed on the inside, they remain soft, quiet and continue to perform wash after wash. It is used in outerwear, rainwear, gloves and sleeping bags.
	ESP® - ESP® is a polyester textured filament yarn made by Invista. ESP stands for Extra Stretch Performance fiber. It has high stretch potential and excellent recovery properties. ESP yarn is used as filling or warp yarn in wovens to produce primarily one-way stretch fabrics and is used in warp knit and circular knit fabrics for two-way stretch. ESP polyester can be combined with most other textile fibers, including regular polyester, acetate, cotton, rayon, wool and others, and can be used to create special effects, such as crepe, crinkle, or surface effects. It is used in a variety of high performance garments including skiwear, swimwear, cycling pants and jerseys, running tights, leotards, diving suits, denim, and workout wear.
	eVENT® Fabric - eVENT® fabric (technology), developed by BHA Technologies, is a Direct Venting waterproof barrier that makes a significant advancement in ePTFE laminate technology. A propriety and patented Dry System technology provides a new standard for comfort by allowing perspiration to dissipate and vent without saturating the inside of the fabric. At the core of eVENT fabric is an ePTFE (expanded Polytetrafluoroethylen) film that has been rendered oil-repellant and thereby free from body-oil contamination, via a method that retains both the inherent open-pore structure of the membrane as well as its hydrophobic properties.
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F	Finesse® - Finesse® is made by Invista with microfiber polyester yarn for high performance, water resistant, breathable outerwear and activewear. The fiber is finer than the finest silk, but is durable and washable.
	FireBloc - A rugged performance leather, developed by Pittards, which combines water resistance and perspiration wicking performance qualities with unique permanent flame retardant properties essential for use by fire brigades, armed forces, etc., without changing the structure of the leather.
	Fosshield® - A fiber technology that provides effective antimicrobial protection, and safely and naturally inhibits the growth of destructive and odor-causing bacteria, mold, mildew, and other fungi. A unique, bicomponent polyester fiber that includes a built-in silver and copper-based inorganic antimicrobial additive, Fosshield transforms almost any fabric or textile to one that invisibly and effortlessly stays bacteria-free, fungus-free, and odor-free.
	Furelle®/Petite Furelle - A luxuriously "unreal" faux fur pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
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G	Glenaura® - Glenaura® is Glenoit Mills' cut pile with a sheared, velour-like surface, made of a blend of MicroSupreme and modacrylic. Major properties of this easy-care fabric include moisture transport capabilities, excellent color retention, and quick drying. The pile is used in outerwear, skiwear, and casual sportswear.
	GlenPile® - GlenPile® is a pile fabric made by Glenoit Mills, Inc., from a special blend of technical fibers including Sterling Fibers' Cystar® and MicroSupreme acrylic fibers, polyester and polypropylene. Each individual fiber insulates, breathes and wicks moisture away from the skin independently. The fabric has excellent insulation with a high warmth to weight ratio, and is soft, breathable, and drapes well. GlenPile fabric can be made in a variety of colors, patterns, textures and sculpting (high and low pile) It's easy to care for and maintains its appearance after washing.
	Glospan® - Glospan® is a spandex fiber produced by RadiciSpandex. Lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber. Able to be stretched over 500% without breaking, fibers can be repeatedly stretched and still recover they're original length. Uses include athletic apparel, bathing suits, foundation garments, ski pants, slacks, tights, slacks, support and surgical hose.
	GORE DRYLOFT® - GORE DRYLOFT® Fabric is an extremely breathable, weather-resistant, windproof shell fabric, engineered for the protection of high-loft insulations. It keeps insulation dry from the inside so you stay warm. It uses a light, patented composite barrier, which allows perspiration vapor to pass through the loft and out through the fabric to keep the loft dry. This fabric is water resistant, but not waterproof. It is used in insulated sleeping bags and parkas.
	GORE WINDSTOPPER® - GORE WINDSTOPPER® Fabric is a durable windproof system that is very breathable and provides warmth with less bulk. It is the result of laminating their ultralight ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethlene) membrane to various high-performance fabrics. This provides a durable windproof fabric with very little or no loss of breathability. It is used as liners for sweaters, pants and casual wear, and windproof fleece for outerwear, gloves, hats and other accessories.
	GORE-TEX® - GORE-TEX® Fabric is the most durably waterproof, very breathable, windproof fabric available. It's uniquely patented structure is made up of two different substances. One is a ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethlene) membrane, which is hydrophobic or water hating. It contains 9 billion pores per square inch. Liquid water cannot penetrate these pores, but moisture from perspiration can easily escape. Integrated into the membrane is an oleophobic or oil hating substance, which prevents penetration of contaminants that might affect waterproofness or breathability.
	GORE-TEX® IMMERSION TECHNOLOGY® - GORE-TEX® IMMERSION TECHNOLOGY® Fabric is the result of a unique fabric laminate, special seam-sealing process, and a manufacturing technology first developed for U. S. Navy pilot survival suits. This fabric provides ultimate waterproofness with comfort. It is used in products like dry suits and fishing waders. However, it is not an insulationg fabric.
	GORE-TEX® OCEAN TECHNOLOGY® - GORE-TEX® OCEAN TECHNOLOGY® Fabric contains a super high-strength Gore-Tex® membrane for extremely durable waterproofness. It has been specially engineered for the offshore and coastal sailors, and it includes special closure systems featuring extensive seam taping and weather flaps, and the latest waterproof designs, such as anti-wick linings and waterproof closures.
	Green Line™ - A line of environmentally friendly cotton fabrics, made from organic cotton. The collectiion is targeted towards the yoga and other casually active sportswear markets. Creen Line" is available with moisture management and/or antimicrobial finishes
	GreenSpun™ Fabrics - This is a line of domestically produced 100% recycled jersey and pique fabrics are produced by Green-Spun Textured Knits of Gastonia, NC. The fabrics are made from 65% recycled cotton/35% recycled PET polyester yarns. These recycled Green-Spun® yarns have had a prior life as a fabric, such as post consumer PET polyester or recycled cotton.
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H	Hardline® - Hardline® is a fabric made of AlliedSignal's Spectra® fiber. It is a distinctive looking, high-tenacity nylon fabric with a super strong white Spectra fiber grid interwoven as a ripstop. Hardline fabric is used for rugged footwear, ski gaiters and other technical outerwear.
	Hollofil 808® - Hollofil 808®, made by Invista, is a high-loft insulation designed for optimum warmth and comfort, yet is durable and refluffable. Its special blend of hollow core fibers trap more air and provide greater warmth without added weight. It is 20% warmer than solid-core insulations of equal weight. Made from 100% pre- consumer recycled polyester, it is machine washable/dryable and is non-allergenic. End uses include outerwear and sleeping bags.
	HOLLOFIL®II - HOLLOFIL®II, made by Invista, is a high-loft insulation designed to be compact and soft, yet resilient and refluffable. It provides increased warmth through DuPonts patented blend of four-hole polyester fibers. A softer insulation, it conforms to body shape for greater comfort, is machine washable/dryable, and is nonallergenic. It is 20% warmer than unbranded solid-core insulation of equal weight, and retains its warmth when damp. End uses include outerwear and sleeping bags.
	Holofiber™ - Holofiber", developed by Hologenix, LLC, a joint venture between Wellman Inc. and Holofiber Enterprises. Holofiber is a responsive material for textiles and other uses. Textiles made with Holofiber can actually make a physical difference, responding to the body's own energy system. Holofiber measurably increases oxygen levels in the body and bloodstream, helping to build stregth, and accelerate muscle recovery. Wellman introduces an array of yarns containing Holofiber including Wellman's family of performance fibers (i.e. Sensrua®, ComFortrel Plus®, ComFortrel XP®, and Spunnaire®.)
	Hybrid® - Hybrid®, developed by Hafner Inc., is a competitively priced tricot for a cost-effective solution to the problem of producing fitness apparel that offers both comfort and fit.
	Hydrasuede® - Hydrasuede is a registered trademark of InSport. Hydrasuede is a blend of Supplex® and Lycra® with a soft peach skin face and superior moisture transfer. Hydrasuede has been developed specifically to provide the softest moisture managing stretch fabric available in the marketplace.
	Hydrofil® - Hydrofil® Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. It is a highly absorbent and quick drying nylon for knit, woven, and nonwoven moisture management fabric systems. It has comfort characteristics like cotton and can hold 15% of its weight in water and not feel damp. Hydrofil is used in linings for outerwear, gloves, hats, activerwear, and footwear and base layer apparel.
	Hydrofil® - Hydrofil® Nylon is made by AlliedSignal. It is a new nylon block co-polymer that has comfort characteristics like cotton. It has the ability to breath and to transport moisture away from the skin to the outside of the fabric, where it can evaporate. It can hold 15% of its weight in water and not feel damp. It is used mainly in linings, shoes, activewear, outdoor equipment and even bullet proof vests.
	Hydroflex® - Hydroflex® is a polyurethane-based coating from Consoltex that creates a durable, waterproof, breathable, wind-resistant finish for nylon or polyester. Important end-uses include jackets and outerwear.
	Hydroweave® - AquaTex manufacturers Hydroweave®, a revolutionary new Performance Enhancing Fabric (PEF) that provides active evaporative cooling, improving wearer performance for up to eight hours. This patented lightweight composite fabric is available in standard and flame-resistant versions to fit a broad-range of industrial garment applications. The flame-resistant version of Hydroweave is well suited for use in lightweight garments for racing, fire fighting and other high-heat applications, demonstrating an equivalent Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) rating greater than 150.
	HyPUR-cel® - Rubberlite's HyPUR-cel® line of open-celled polyurethane foams are offered in a variety of densities and thicknesses, HyPUR-cel® is a unique family of medium to high density foams engineered into three formulations to meet specific market needs. The open-celled, breathable polyurethanes are available with anti- microbial additives for footwear and medical applications, flame retardants for automotive and industrial requirements and a variety of firmnesses for controlled shock absorption and cushioning. For footwear, medical, industrial, orthopedic soft goods, automotive, electronic, aerospace, protective equipment and more, HyPUR-cel® is a cost effective solution.
	Hytrel® films/fabric laminates - Hytrel® is a DuPont registered trademark for its engineering thermoplastic elastomer. The polyether-ester block coplymers combine many of the most desirable characteristics of high performance elastomers and flexible plastics, and offer a unique combination of strength, elasticity, and flexibility, without the use of plasticizers. Very thin monolithic films of 0.001 inch or less can be extruded from Hytrel. Hytrel films are bonded to textiles for both disposal and reusable applications. End uses: applications include end uses requiring waterproof, breathable, and waterproof characteristics; outdoor apparel, operating room gowns, personal protective apparel, backpacks and bedding covers for allergy control.
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I	Ingeo® - This PLA fiber, developed by NatureWorks LLC, is a polymer fiber made with 100% annually renewable resources, such as corn. Fabrics, made with Ingeo, look and feel like those made from a natural fiber. But they have the performance qualities of a synthetic. The properties, inherent in the fiber, remain constant throughout the production cycle, whether the use is for the raw fiber or finished product.
	Innova® - Innova® is the premier polyolefin filament fiber made by American Fibers and Yarns Company. It's inherent properties include quick drying, excellent insulative qualities without weight or bulk, and excellent moisture management characteristics without expensive fabric finishes. Garments made with Innova are colorfast and machine washable. End uses include all activewear categories such as jogging, cycling, aerobics, watersports and thermalwear.
	Innova® AMP - Innova® AMP is the premier branded polyolefin filament fiber made by American Fibers and Yarns Company with antimicrobial additives built into the fiber for long lasting protection against odor causing bacteria, fungus, mold and mildew. Innova AMP is used in activewear, triathlete gear and watersports and incorporates the same inherent performance characteristics as Innova® polyolefin.
	Innova® MicroFleece - Innova® MicroFleece is manufacturered by Duofold. It is a mid-weight thermal fabric knitted with Innova® polyolefin fibers. Innova is specified by the U.S. Military for their Extended Cold Weather Clothing System (ECWCS). The brushed inner surface of the MicroFleece enhances insulation and moisture transfer. A 10% Lycra® content allows a 4-way stretch and freedom of movement It is used in thermalwear.
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J	James Thompson & Co. Fabrics - The woven fabrics manufactured by James Thompson include duck cloth, flannel, muslin, twill, burlap, tickings, wide cotton, buckram, and bull denim, etc. These fabrics are sold only to the trade (i.e. manufacturers, distributors and retailers). James Thompson's fabrics are available to consumers through major fabric chain stores, regional chain stores, and independent fabric and quilt stores. Fabric sample cards are available for qualified businesses only.
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K	Kevlar® - Kevlar® is an aramid fiber produced by DuPont and used in high performance protective apparel. It has no melting point, low flammability, and good fabric integrity at elevated temperatures. It is used in flame-resistant clothing, protective vests and helmets, sail cloth and sporting goods.
	K-Kote Plus® - K-Kote Plus®, developed by Kenyon, is a waterproof, breathable coating for high performance apparel.
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L	Lenzing Modal® - This rayon fiber is particularly well suited to blends with cotton since both fibers have similar properties. In particular, the dyeing performance of Lenzing Modal® emulates that of cotton. Naturalness plays a key role in Lenzing Modal®. The fiber is made from beech wood, a natural raw material. The pulp used for fiber production is made by Lenzing to guarantee consistent and reliable quality. The natural softener makes Modal fabrics pleasant to the touch even after repeated washing. Hardening of the rayon fabric, which occurs as a result of limestone deposits and traces of detergent, becomes a thing of the past with Lenzing Modal®.
	Luxaire - A faux fur that truly rivals the original, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	Lycra® - Lycra® is the spandex fiber produced by Invista. It is lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber. Lycra can be stretched over 500% without breaking, and can be stretched repeatedly and still recover it's original length. It provides lightweight freedom of movement in men's, women's and children's apparel. Uses include athletic apparel, bathing suits, foundation garments, ski pants, slacks, tights, slacks, support and surgical hose.
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M	M.C.S. Blocker® - This line of outdoor sportswear fabrics for high aerobic activity absorbs, wicks and dries faster than cotton. It offers excellent 40 + UPF Protection. It is more advanced than cotton, because of its high tech, high performance Burlington Moisture Control System. Moisture is dispersed over a wider surface area than conventional fabrics. The result: M.C.S. BLOCKER fabrics absorb, wick and dry more quickly. The fabric offers more strength than cotton because M.C.S. BLOCKER is a specifically designed synthetic fabric, perfectly matched to strenuous, high aerobic activities. With this strength, it resists breaks and tears. The fabrics also offer more comfort than cotton because its unique construction dries faster and won't stick to you like cotton. The M.C.S. BLOCKER cottony-soft fabrics are perfect for sun protected shirts, hats and children's wear.
	M.C.S.® - M.C.S.® is Burlington Performance Fabrics' Moisture Control System of nylon and polyester fabrics treated for wicking performance. MCS fabric is used in performance activewear.
	MAPP® - MAPP®, which stands for Merino Advanced Performance Program, is a fabric produced using exclusive Merino fibers sourced from only the cleanest and purest New Zealand alpine environments. MAPP® incorporates these "Natural Performance" fibers into fabrics specifically designed to work in activity apparel. MAPP® is the "Guarantee of source, process, and functionality."
	Marrakech - Acashmere like pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	Meryl® - Meryl® is Nylstar's registered trademark for its nylon/polyamide microfiber, which allows the softness of microfiber to be combined with excellent absorption capacity in order to maintain a balanced comfort level during athletic activities. Because Meryl is a microfiber, it is extremely lightweight. It also is machine washable, dries three times faster than cotton, and reuqires little or no ironing.
	Meryl® Actisystem - The Meryl® Actisystem is an innovation in textile fibers, designed to meet the demands of both athletic and leisure activities. Developed by Nylstar, These fibers have been created with cutting-edge technology, and are the result of continual research into the leading solutions that fully satisfy a wide variety of performance requirements. Therefore, the Meryl Actisystem is designed to revolutionize technical apparel for sports enthusiasts.
	Micro-loft® - Micro-loft® insulation, made by Invista, is made from a patented blend of microfibers to provide down-like softness, and exceptional warmth without bulk. It is superior at blocking radiant heat loss and resisting moisture, and provides lightweight comfort and compactability. Micro-loft® is machine washable/dryable, and is odorless and nonallergenic. End uses include outerwear, sleeping bags, gloves and accessories.
	Microspike - Pittards' MICROSPIKE is the latest development in performance leather, combining anti-microbial treatment for personal hygene with all the WR100X benefits, which provides for moisture resistance along with allowing perspiration to escape, with no change in the leather strucure.
	MicroSpun® - Developed by Wellman Inc., MicroSpun® is a polyester microfiber. It provides more clarity to colors, It is soft, light, breathable,and comfortable to wear. Fabrics made from MicroSpun have a luxurious feel with an incredible drape and flow. It possesses all the performance characteristics of a microfiber including moisture transport, wind resistance, and water resistance capabilities. MicroSpun fabrics hold their shape, but won't shrink, stretch, or wrinkle. End-uses include menswear, womenswear, activewear, outerwear, and home furnishings.
	MicroSupplex - MicroSupplex" is Invista's microdenier nylon fiber. As a microfiber, it allows for tight, densely constructed woven fabrics, while being soft and lightweight. Fiber s are even finer than silk. It has twice the wind resistance of standard nylon with greater water resistance and good abrasin resistance. It is ued for rainwear, running and swim shorts, cycling jackets, golf and tennis apparel.
	Microtherm® - Microtherm® is a polyester microfiber, made by Invista, used as liners for high performance jackets and other outerwear, caps, gloves, sleeping bags, pillows and ground sheets and footwear. Tests indicate that Microtherm has superior wicking, thermal and comfort properties compared to conventional linings.
	MiniMicro® - A versatile lightweight pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	MynxUV® - MynxUV® is Unifi's UV protection yarn that can achieve a 50- plus UPF rating, compared to cotton fabrics of the same construction, which offer only a 5 UPF rating. The UPF properties in this yarn are permanent, lasting the life of the garment. The soft MynxUv yarn also offers wrinkle resistance, color retention, and easy care qualities.
	Mystique™ - A velvety cut pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
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N	Nordic Spirit® - Nordic Spirit®, made by Huntingdon Mills Canada Ltd., are high end pile fabrics made possible by state-of-the-art equipment at the leading edge of computer assisted technologies. These may include polyester, wool, modacrylic, or acyclic fibers of microfibers, imitation furs, and complex jacuard designs. End uses include outerwear, lining in footwear, accessories and home furnishing.
	Novolon® - Novolon® is a revolutionary fabric technology, conducted by Freudenberg, that molds and transforms a two-dimensional substrate into a three-dimensional product, thus improving the perfromance in many applications, including outdoor gear, bedding, medical, filtration, and household cleaning products, etc. As a three-dimensional product, Novolon is sturdy, comfortable, and lightweight, yet incredibly resilient. It is also crush resistant, air permeable, water permeable, and recyclable. Almost any product's performance can be enhanced through the Novolon deep molding process.
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O	OuterBounds™ - OuterBounds is a double-sided fleece fabric, developed and manufactured by Tullahoma Industries. The fabric is made of 100% Innova®, a modified polypropylene yarn system produced by American Fibers & Yarns Company. The fabric is lightweight, comfortable, warm, quick drying, and more durable, compared to other fleece fabrics. The new generation OuterBounds active fleece product surpasses the insulation properties of similar weight polyester fabrics without being bulky. It provides warmth without weight.
	Outlast® - Outlast® Temperature Regulating Fibers and Fabrics contain millions of micro-thermal spheres that create a dynamic thermal barrier that works to keep the micro-climate next to the skin warm and comfortable, despite changes in outside temperature. These micro-thermal materials absorb, store, distribute, and release heat in response to the body's comfort needs. Uses include: ski boot, gloves, hats, pants, parkas, mountaineering wear, sleeping bags, socks, and thermal underwear.
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P	Parados® - A leather process technology, which imparts glove leather resistance to chemicals such as oil, petroleum, and diesel for greater safety and security in the military, fire-fighting, high-tech industrial, and motor racing. Parados leather can be produced in lightweight substances without affecting the chemical repellency, allowing for soft, fine, and comfortable gloves.
	Pertexion® - Pertexion® is Perseverance Mills' extemely waterproof coating for use in bags and outerwear.
	Polarguard® - Polarguard® is an insulation continuous filament polyester fiber developed by INVISTA. It has been specified by the U. S. Armed Forces, as the insulation material for its Extreme Cold Weather Sleep System sleeping bag, which must protect in extreme cold environments of minus 60 F. It was selected because of its high warmth to weight ratio and easier compressibility. It was selected over goose down because of its superior insulation when wet.
	Polarguard® ∆ - Polarguard® ∆ continuous filament polyester is the newest member of the Polarguard Family of Insulation Products. Polarguard ® ∆ combines a super void cross section with modified batting formation. The larger void creates higher loft with less weight, making it warmer, yet lighter. The result is a state-of-the art insulation that offers superior performance in sleeping bags and outdoor apparel under the harshest environments.
	Polarguard® 3D - Polarguard® 3D, made by INVISTA, is a continuous, polyester fiber with a down-like softness. It is used for fiberfill for sleeping bags, gloves, outdoor jackets and pants, and for other outdoor gear. The exclusive high-void cross section of the fiber prevents collapse and retains loft after years of use. In Polarguard 3D the new finer deniers create insulation that remains strong and warm for high performance outerwear.
	Polarguard® HV - Polarguard® HV is a polyester insulation produced by INVISTA. The HV stands for "high void continuous filament." It offers all the advantages of Polarguard® but is 25% lighter, because it traps greater quantities of air. It is also highly compressible, resists wet conditions, and is very durable. Most sleeping bag manufacturers give it a lifetime guarantee.
	Polartec® Aqua Shell® - Polartec® Aqua Shell® fabrics, made by Malden Mills, feature the warmth of Polartec® thermal fabrics, combined with bodyhugging 4-way stretch and a windproof membrane. They are designed to replace neoprene and spandex skins for many water sports by providing far greater comfort and increased warmth per weight. The 4-way stretch provides a comfortable, non-restrictive fit along with easy donning and doffing. The polyester construction provides a high warmth-to-weight ratio. Polartec® Aqua Shell® fabrics are also odor- and itch-resistant and non-chafing, have outstanding sun protection (UPF 30+), and dry faster than neoprene.
	Polartec® Classic - Polartec® Classic 100" Classic 200", and Classic 300" fabrics are the reference standard for lightweight warmth and breathability. These fabrics have been the primary insulation layer of choice among experienced outdoor enthusiasts for nearly two decades. The 100% polyester velour construction creates air pockets that trap air and retain body heat. Unlike less expensive fleece fabrics, Polartec® Classics maintain their insulating ability and non-pilling appearance after repeated laundering.
	Polartec® Power Dry® - Polartec® Power Dry® keeps skin dry. Anti-microbial finish. Dries quickly. Very breathable base layer for all activities. Polartec¨ Power Dry¨ fabrics are designed to keep your skin dry when you sweat. All fabrics in this series feature a patented bi-component knit construction that uses different yarns on either side of the fabric. This creates two different surfaces: one that is optimized to move moisture away from the skin, the other to dry quickly.
	Polartec® Power Shield" - Polartec® Power Shield" fabrics represent the next generation of technical outerwear - body armor against the elements. This clothing concept goes beyond traditional 2 -layer systems, which feature fleece insulation and a waterproof/breathable shell, to a single layer that protects against abrasion and cold,wet weather. They feature a smooth, tightly woven nylon face for abrasion resistance equal or superior to the best shells, but without the stiffness and noise. They also have a polyester velour back that traps air and provides a high warmth-to-weight ratio. Garments made from Polartec® Power Shield" fabrics are designed to replace traditional fleece and PTFE shell systems for most outdoor clothing applications, reducing the weight and number of layers needed to insulate and protect. They are ideal for skiing, snowboarding, winter climbing and back-country trekking.They are used in jackets, pants, bibs, hats,and gloves.
	Polartec® Power Stretch® - Polartec® Power Stretch® fabrics feature body-hugging 4-way stretch and are very breathable. These are the most versatile outdoor apparel fabrics available today. The proprietary construction features two unique surfaces: the durable nylon outer layer is wind- and abrasion-resistant; the soft polyester velour inner layer is warm and comfortable.
	Polartec® Thermal Pro® - Polartec® Thermal Pro® fabrics are the most durable of the Polartec® thermal fabrics. Thermal Pro¨ fabrics offer great styling options for virtually every end use. The 100% polyester proprietary fibers and low-pile-velour, pebbled, or shearling surface create a fabric that is at least 30 times more durable than bargain fleece. These fabrics offer excellent breathability and dry quickly, and the velour or pebbled back traps air and provides outstanding warmth without weight. Many styles are also available with a water-repellent finish that sheds rain and snow. Unlike conventional fleece fabrics, Polartec® Thermal Pro® fabrics maintain their insulating ability and non-pilling appearance after repeated laundering and represent the state of the art in fleece fabrics.
	Polartec® Wind Pro® - Polartec® Wind Pro® fabrics are 4 times more wind-resistant than conventional fleece and represent the evolution of lightweight insulation. Proprietary yarns and a very tight construction greatly reduce the effects of wind chill, the Achilles heel of traditional fleece. The durable water-repellent surface sheds rain and snow. Velour or pebbled back efficiently traps air and provides a high warmth-to-weight ratio. Both surfaces of these fabrics are finished for maximum durability and pill-free performance. They retain their insulating ability and original appearance after repeated use and laundering. The combination of wind resistance, warmth, and breathability provides outstanding comfort in a wide range of activities. Polartec® Wind Pro® fabrics are ideal for stylized or technical outerwear as well as versatile layering garments.
	Polartec® Windbloc® - Polartec® Windbloc® fabrics block 100% of the wind and offer maximum protection from the cold and the elements. They combine the warmth of Polartec® thermal fabrics with a polyurethane barrier membrane that allows moisture vapor transmission and is completely windproof and waterproof, eliminating the need for a windbreaker or additional shell. This reduces the weight and number of layers needed to protect and insulate. These fabrics are very durable, quiet, and non-pilling, and have enhanced stretch and recovery, making them appropriate for general outerwear and accessories where weather protection is desirable. Polartec® Windbloc® fabrics are ideal when the activity level is low or intermittent, and when cold and inclement weather demands high-performance outer protection.
	Polartec® Windbloc-ACT® - Polartec® Windbloc-ACT® fabrics provide wind and weather protection for active sports where enhanced breathability is required. By combining several features in a single fabric, they eliminate the need for a windbreaker or additional shell. Patent-pending Air Control Technology® (ACT) enables the fabric to block 98% of the wind. The remaining 2% is allowed to circulate within the fabric, which greatly enhances moisture vapor transmission - 2 times faster than other windproof fleece Ð and improves breathability, reducing the risk of heat-stress buildup. Featuring a breathable stretch- polyurethane membrane, Polartec® Windbloc-ACT® fabrics are constructed with durable water repellency to shed rain and snow. Versions are available that feature a Polartec® Power Dry® lining for moisture management. Polartec® Windbloc-ACT® fabrics are also very durable, quiet, and non- pilling, with superior stretch and recovery. They are ideal for active, forward-motion sports requiring warmth and protection from the elements.
	Popcorn Sherpa - A boldly comfortable textured pile fabric, made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process..The fabric is vary light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	Primaloft PL1® - Primaloft PL1® is a premium patented synthetic down insulation, developed by Albany International, which duplicates the microfiber structure of down, and the distribution of down clusters. Primaloft uses state-of-the-art technology to create millions of air pockets between fibers to trap heat, and also provide a lasting water repellent finish, but allow moisture from the body escape.
	Prima-Tex Fabrics - Prima-Tex prints and finishes wovens, knits and specialty fabrics made from cotton, poly/cotton blends, Lycra® blends, denim, nylon, and poly/rayon blends. The company’s design staff has the capability to design a variety of print patterns including florals, ditsy prints, abstracts, plaids, stripes and a variety of conversational patterns.
	Proof Ace® - Proof Ace®, developed by Unitika, is a ceramic microporous coating applied to nylon or cationic dyeable polyester fabric to create windproof and waterproof qualities, with moisture permeability. The coating is used for skiwear and outerwear.
	ProSpin® - ProSpin® is a patented core-spun yarn, made by Cone Mills, featuring a polyester core wrapped with a pima cotton blend (55% cotton/45% polyester (core spun)). The result is a fabric which offers the aesthetics of cotton with the performance of a synthetic. ProSpin is naturally wrinkle-resistant and over twice as strong as wrinkle free cotton fabrics with resin treatment. ProSpin is used in men's and women's casual clothing.
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Q	Quallofil® - Quallifil® is a high-loft insulation made by Invista that is an alternative to down. Quallofil insulation is engineered to provide the optimum balance of compactibility, warmth, and durability. Its patented seven-hole fibers hold more air, providing superior warmth and softness, without extra weight. Quallofil is machine washable/dryable, and is nonallergenic. In high performance outerwear Quallofil offers 25% more warmth when wet than down, and it dries three times faster than down. Quallofil insulation meets the extreme camping demands of expedition- grade sleeping bags.
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R	Recyclon™ - A new product line of recycled nylon 6 fibers. Through this recycling process, Toray uses off-spec yarn generated during its virgin nylon production to create post-industrial recycled nylon yarn. Through this new process, the company utilizes only 15% of the energy required during the production of virgin nylon fibers made from petroleum.
	Reflexx® - Reflexx® is a family of stretch yarns produced by Unifi. The yarn was developed to enhance style and comfort without the use of an expensive spandex yarn. The Reflexx yarn has an engineered stretch and recovery that can provide varying amounts of stretch from comfort stretch to performance stretch. The stretch properties last the life of the fabric, and the yarn also possesses quick drying and easy-care qualities.
	Relyon™ - Deveoped by Consoltex, Relyon™ is a family of Personal Protective Fabrics that are designed and developed for a wide variety of occupations that share one thing in common: Danger. The Relyon family of fabrics offer protection from the hazards associated with flame, arc flash, low visibility, ultra violet rays, chemicals, biohazards, viruses and disease. These fabrics maximize durability and
	Repreve® - Developed by Unifi, Repreve® is a family of first-quality, eco- friendly yarns made from 100% recycled materials. Repreve meets FTC guidelines for recycled products.
	Rezillion™ - Developed by Consoltex, Rezillion™ is an extremely versatile fabric solution ideally suited for the home and hospitality marketplace. While most fabrics serve only one function, Rezillion serves many. Rezillion is stain, fluid, flame and bacteria resistant yet is comfortable, breathable and dura
	Rhinotek® - Rhinotek® is Harrison Technologies high grade, abrasion resistant fabrics that are coated with a patent pending coplymer formulation. Rhinotek fabrics are rugged in wet or dry, extreme hot or cold conditions. Fire and mildew specifications available. Can be created in either 600 denier spun polyester or 1,000 denier Cordura® nylon.
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S	S2 Technologies™-Stretch System - Consoltex stretch system features nylon, polyester and spandex stretch fabrics that combine high abrasion resistance and durability with superior stretch performan
	S3 Technologies™-Soft Shell System - Developed by Consoltex, S3 Technologies Soft Shell System is a diverse group of soft shell products designed to provide the right level of protection given four critical factors: climate, level of activity, exposure time and tolerance to heat/cold. S3 features double-faced stretch fabrics as well as bonded base layers designed for comfort, insulation and moisture management. The latest addition is iS3 – a patented soft shell system designed for use in winter weather conditions. iS3 features a continuous filament stretch insulation bonded to a lightweight mechanical stretch lining creating the first fully insulating soft shell system that maintains the stretchability, breathability, abrasion and weather resistance of tradition
	Salus® - Salus® is a hygienic antimicrobial polyolefin fiber made by Filament Fiber Technology Corp. Salus® is a solution dyed fiber in which Microban® is dispersed throughout the entire cross section of the fiber, thus providing permanent protection against odor and germs. Salus® is extremely effective in controlling a wide range of bacteria, fungi, and yeast, even after repetitive washings. This is because washing or other active friction actually helps to continuously deliver new Microban® to the surface of the fiber. End uses include apparel and home fashion products.
	Schoeller®-deoline - Schoeller Textil USA's additional option for its Schoeller® fabrics, which is an antibacterial treatment that offers protection against unpleasant odors and micro-organisms.
	Schoeller®-dryskin - Schoeller®-dryskin is a highly functional group of fabrics, made with two-layer contruction. A highly abrasion resistant nylon face coupled with a Coolmax® inside keeps the body dry, even with high activity. Originally designed for mountaineering pants.
	Schoeller®-dynamic - Trademark name for Schoeller's elastic (mono- and bi-stretch) woven fabrics incorporating abrasion resistant yarns such as nylon and Cordura® for performance applications and natural fiber blends for modern sportswear variety. Designed for pants and jackets.
	Schoeller®-dynatec - Schoeller's tear and abrasion resistant fabrics, designed for protection. These fabrics are suitable for mountaineering, motorcycling, snowboarding, rucksacks, etc.
	Schoeller®-keprotec® - Schoeller®-keprotec® is a group of highly tear and abrsion resistant fabrics, made with tough Kevlar® fiber. These fabrics are designed for occupational safety, motorcycling, snowboarding, skiing, fire brigade wearing, etc. For protective workwear, special characteristics can be developed, like cut and flame resistance.
	Schoeller®-PCM" - Schoeller®-PCM" is a new group of "smart" textiles featuring active thermal regulation,based on Phase Change Technology. The PCM in the microcapsules are set to a specific temperature range. When the temperature rises, they store the excess heat. When the temperature falls again, they release the previously stored heat.
	Schoeller®-prestige - Schoeller's elastic bi-stretch woven fabrics (up to 55% EL in warp and weft). These fabrics are designed for horse back riding, streetwear, and fashion.
	Schoeller®-reflex - Schoeller's modern twilight protection with complete-surface-reflection in Schoeller®-keprotec® or schoeller®-dynatec fabrics. Visible under lights up to 100 meters. Very rub and tear resistant.
	Schoeller®-skifans - Trademark name for Schoellers insulating stretch woven fabrics with an abrasion resistant nylon face coupled with wool inside, which allows for a supple, fleecy hand. Designed for ski garments, mountaineering, and active garments.
	Schoeller®-spirit - Schoeller's fashionable fabrics with a technical look and performance. These fabrics are designed for sportswear, street wear, and fashion.
	Schoeller®-stretchlight - Trademark name for Schoeller's stretch woven fabrics (mono- and bi-stretch) with an abrasion resistant face and a cotton inside for pleasant wearing comfort. These fabrics have a water and dirt repellant finish, and are designed for functional pants.
	Schoeller®-WB-400 - Schoeller's stretch woven fabrics (one or two way stretch), developed with a water, wind and snow barrier. These fabrics have a fleece backing and an air permeable coating, and are designed for winter garments.
	Schoeller®-WB-formula - Schoeller®-WB-formula is a group of lightweight stretch woven fabrics (mono- and bi-stretch), with a waterproof and windproof membrane. Designed for lightweight weather protection garments that offer a great freedom of movement.
	SeaCell® - This marine fiber is the combination of cellulose (lyocell) and the active substances of seaweed (e.g. Ascophyllum nodosum) and silver. In this fiber, the natural cellulose-based lyocell fiber acts as the carrier for the natural, health-promoting substance---seaweed. The result is a soft, breathable, stimulating and comfortable fabric that is available in the two versions: SeaCell® active fiber and SeaCell® pure fiber.
	Sensil® - Sensil® is the treademark name for Nilit Corporate America's family of 6.6 polyamide yarns. These branded novelty fibers, designed for extreme comfort and easy-care, are used for both circular and seamless knitting. The benefits of Sensil® include: High-color fastness; Soft hand even after repeated washings; Quick drying; Lightweight;Adaptable for delicate intimate apparel to rugged sportswear with performance properties. End-uses include intimate apparel, bodywear, activewear, and legwear.
	Sensura® - Developed by Wellman Inc., this revolutionary fiber has built-in softness, smoothness, and performance. Fabrics made from Sensura are sensual and soft, yet resilient and durable.It takes less dyestuff, less energy, less water in the production. Sensura dries twice as fast a cotton, and it's comparable with high-tech fibers too. It moves perspiration away from the skin, transporting it to the fabric surface. End-uses include active sportswear, weekend wear, and socks.
	Sewfree® - Sewfree adhesive films are specifically designed to replace stitched seams in garments. Seams made with Sewfree are just as strong as sewn seams. The bonded seam is unwrinkled, waterproof, and can reduce the need for additional taping. Bonded integral seams can retain the stretch characteristics of the body fabric.
	SmartSilver™ - Developed by NanoHorizons, SmartSilver™ is a permanent anti- odor/antimicrobial enhancement to natural and performance fabrics. The nanotechnology used to create SmartSilver enables manufacturers to improve functionality, add powerful antimicrobial performance and use fewer additives, while maintaining the qualities of the fabrics. SmartSilver yarns and fabrics offer anti-odor endurance and quality. NanoHorizon's blends of nanotechnology-enhanced fibers ensure maximum anti-odor/antimicrobial effectiveness at minimum cost for cotton, rayon, and most synthetic fibers.
	SOLARMAX® - SOLARMAX® is the registered trademark for the INVISTA brand of UV-resistant fiber and fabric. It features superior ultraviolet resistance and durability that promote excellent style benefits for use in outdoor fabric applications. SOLARMAX® is ideal for use in flags, banners, hot-air balloons, parachutes, life jackets, tents and other such products that must withstand environmental stress. An inherent strength and a built-in ultraviolet resistance, using a base type 6,6 nylon, allow superior performance over type 6 nylons and polyesters of similar fabric constructions.
	Sorbtek® - Sorbtek® is Unifi's advanced "Catch, Move, and Release System" yarn, which moves moisture faster and further than any yarn available today, keeping the wearer drier longer. In addition to being fast drying, fabrics made from Sorbtek are lightweight, shrink resistant, and provide stain release protection, fabric breathability, and increased anti-stat properties.
	Sorona® - Sorona®, the latest fiber-grade polymer innovation from DuPont, offers a three-part environmental story. Made with renewable resources instead of petrochemicals, Sorona® requires 40% less energy to produce than an equal amount of petrochemical-based nylon. Producing Sorona® reduces CO2 emmissions up to 60% over an equal amount of petroleum-based nylon.
	Spectra® - Spectra® Nylon is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. Spectra is a high molecular weight polyethylene (HMWPE) and the strongest and lightest manmade fiber. Light enough to float, Spectra fiber also exhibits superior resistance to chemicals, water and ultra-violet light. It is used for climbing ropes and slings, wakeboarding ropes, ultratechnical backpacks, shoes, and softsided luggage.
	Sportwool™ - Sportwool™ fabric construction features the finest Merino wool against the skin, to provide a micro-climate environment which draws vapor away from the skin, expelling it out into the atmosphere. The removal of the vapor from the micro-climate between the skin and fabric reduces the formation of liquid sweat, leaving you drier and more comfortable.
	Spunnaire® - Spunnaire® is a fiber that gives both comfort and performance to apparel and socks. Qualities include great moisture management and shape retention. Spunnaire is developed from a new patented co-polymer that allows fibers to be atmospherically dyed for beautiful colors. End-uses include knitwear, thermals, underwear, sleepwear, athletic wear, and socks.
	StainSmart® - This fabric technology developed by Milliken & Company provides permanent stain repellency and stain release properties. The garments will stay cleaner, longer, because there is the dual action of two robust and balanced technologies, working in the fabric for the life of your garment. StainSmart is the only fabric technology proven to work on a wide variety fabrics for a broad range of uses, including apparel, hospitality, healthcare, military, and automotive.
	STORM DENIM™ - STORM DENIM� Finish - This finish developed by Cotton Incorporated gives a water-repellent function to cotton denim. The STORM DENIM finish compares well to synthetics in breathability; and compared to unfinished denim of the same weight, the STORM DENIM finish provides an additional level of durability. Through STORM DENIM technology, consumers will be introduced to a new category of performance denim. Denim garments made with STORM DENIM technology protect the wearer against cold, wet conditions, offer stain-repellency, enhanced durability, and are easy-care.
	StrataTek - This fabric collection features a two-layer construction with spandex hidden in the middle. Each layer is unique in that it is completely separated from the other layer giving each layer the ability to stand on its own in form or functionality. This two-layer concept makes StrataTek completely unique in the knit category. Each side can be custom-designed to fit the need or end-use of a particular application. Besides performance qualities, the fabrics allaows the designer to customize differences between the outward and next-to-skin layers. Fabric weights range from base layer to outerwear.
	SunDancer - An all-purpose, comfort pile fabric made from Glenoit's sliver knitting process. The fabric is very light-weight for it's volume. It has multi-season comfort, is easy-care, and non-shrink.
	Supplex® - Supplex® Nylon is made by Invista. It is a cottony soft nylon that offers the performance benefits of a man-made fabric with the look of cotton. It offers protection from wind and rain and is durable. Light weight and quick drying it is used for gym shorts, jackets, windbreakers, running suits and more.
	SUPRIVA™ - SUPRIVA™ is a family of fibers designed to create durable, highly styled accent and kitchen rugs. SUPRIVA™ is a registered trademark for the INVISTA type 6,6 nylon which is designed to stand up to traffic and wear. Because of its styling flexibility, mills can create fashionable printed rugs, elegant solids and natural-looking textures using SUPRIVA™ fibers. Rugs made with SUPRIVA™ nylon are market favorites, and can be found at the major home furnishings retailers.
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T	Tactel® - Tactel® Nylon is made by Invista. It is a silkier softer nylon with a crinkle finish. It offers protection from wind and rain and is durable. Light weight and quick drying, it is used for gym shorts, jackets, windbreakers, running suits and more.
	Teflon® - Teflon® is a fluorochemical finish that forms an invisible shield around each fiber to protect fabric against spills and stains. There are two basic types of Teflon® Fabric Protection: 1. Repellent, 2. Stain Release
	Telar® - Telar® is a continuous filament, fine denier polyolefin fiber made by Filament Fiber Technology Corp. Telar® is an enhanced polypropylene fiber through the incorporation of other olefins into the fiber structure. It is ideal for water related uses because it will not fade, bleed, or run. Polyolefin is the only fiber, maufactured or natural, that floats, will not support mold, mildew or bacteria in normal use. An ideal comfort fiber, it rapidly moves moisture away from the body via vapor transfer. It is a solution dyed fiber, making it possible to be over-dyed with the wildest possible selectino of dyes in combination with another fiber. Excellent insulation qualities. End uses include high performance and fashion sportswear apparel and home furnishings.
	Temptrol™ - Temptrol™, developed by Innovative Insulation Inc., is a patent- pending polypropylene based non-woven perforated fabric metallized on one side. Temptrol™ reflects 95% of the radiant heat... the major source of heat transfer. With the Temptrol technology, the company can cause anything to retain or reflect heat, thereby remaining warmer or cooler. The innovative new material is soft, flexible, washable and perfect for a multitude of products. The radiant heat reflecting metallized fabric has a low puncture resistance for ease of sewing with conventional fabric equipment, while maintaining a high tear resistance. Its soft drapability eliminates the unpleasant crinkly noise of previous metallized products used to insulate clothing. An added feature is the microperforations that maximize the breathability of Temptrol™. Applications are limited only by your imagination.
	Tencel® - This lyocell fiber is the first cellulose fiber to draw its strength from this nano-technology. As a result of the controlled and regular structure of nano fibrils, new functional properties can be introduced to TENCEL® fabrics. These are hydrophilic and guarantee excellent moisture absorption combined with optimum moisture management. The production process of Tencel is environmentally-friendly. As a result, the fiber was awarded the European ECO Award, combined with the purity of the fiber.
	Thermolite® - Thermolite®, made by Invista, provides warmth and comfort without weight, even when wet. It's a lightweight fabric that provides heavy-duty performance, because it's a performance fabric that traps air for greater insulation. It dries 20% faster than other insulating fabrics, and 50% faster than cotton. Thermolite® is the perfect layering fabric because it's comfortable and lightweight, allowing more freedom of movement.
	Thermore® - Thermore® is a high tech thermal insulation, designed by Thermore, to keep your body at its natural warmth. Thermore® is designed to offer soft, lightweight warmth for maximum comfort. Thermore® thermal insulation has a very low density structure- its volume is made up mostly of air. Physics has shown that trapped air is a highly efficient insulator and capable of generating beneficial warmth (think of a double pane window).
	ThinSkin® - ThinSkin®, developed by Hafner Inc., is a lightweight base layer fabric that offers unmatched levels of moisture management and comfort. This ultra-comfortable fabric combines the best moisture management technology with a fit that doesn’t add bulk.
	Thinsulate® - Thinsulate®, made by the 3M Company, is a microfiber blend of polyolefin and polyester, which is very thin, lightweight, warm, moisture resistant, and breathable. Thinsulate insulation absorbs less than 1% of its weight in water, an important feature for maintaining warmth under damp conditions. Because it is so thin, it provides the warmth of a big jacket in a much less bulky garment. It is used in high-performance outerwear, jackets, gloves, hats and footwear. Thinsulate Ultra® is a softer version.
	Tibetan Fleece - Tibetan Fleece is manufactured by Duofold using Invista's microfibers - 70% Micromatique® and 30% Microselect®, for warmth, comfort and dryness. Called the "technical cashmere" of performance sports apparel, it can withstand harshest conditions and remain extremely soft.
	Toughtek® - Toughtek® is Harrison Technologies abrasion resistant grip fabrics that are both rugged and nonslip in wet and dry, hot and cold conditions. Fire and mildew specifications are available.
	Transpor® - Transpor® Dry Fibre is a permanent process moisture management technology for performance apparel and gear. This proprietary technology enables fabric worn next to the skin to be dry on the skinside while moist on the outside. Perspiration moves vertically through the Transpor layer, and then spreads horizontally across an outer wicking layer to evaporate quickly. With Transpor the wearer stays drier and more comfortable, whatever the temperature or activity level. Current applications include: socks, sportswear, activewear and innerwear, as well as, shoe linings, medical and industrial products.
	Travtech® - Travtech® is Travis Textiles proprietary waterproof, breathable process for producing monolithic coatings on various Supplex and nylon taffeta fabrics. End-uses include outerwear, skiwear, and activewear.
	Triphibian® - A registered trademark of Insport, Triphibian is a breathable, windproof, water-resistant tri-layer fabric with Vapex®--the superior all-weather barrier. Triphibian provides superior breathability, moisture management and protection from the elements.
	Tru-Ballistic® - Tru-Ballistic® Nylon is is a registered trademark of AlliedSignal Performance Fibers. It is a high-strength, puncture and tear resistant, 1050 denier ballistic nylon with excellent color uniformity. Orginally engineered for military flak jackets, it is now used for the finest lightweight softsided luggage, computer and sports bags.
	Tullahoma Fabrics - Tullahoma Industries LLC is a manufacturer of apparel for the US military, and has developed a product for the performance sportswear market called OuterBounds™. Tullahoma also works on a commission basis with manufacturers to provide converting services in both knit and woven fabrics. The company's corporate headquarters is located in Tullahoma, Tennessee, and it has manufacturing facilities in Tullahoma, Tennessee, Gruetli- laager, Tennessee, and Brilliant, Alabama. Tullahoma is ISO 9001 Certified.
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U	Ultra Fresh Silpure - Ultra Fresh Silpure is an exciting new silver-based antimicrobial agent developed for textiles by Thomsom Research Associates (TRA) of Toronto, Canada. TRA upplies antimicrobials under the Ultra-Fresh trade name in over 40 countries around the world. Silpure is another trademark of TRA.
	Unidyne TechnaGard® - The UnidyneTM line of fluororepellent products lead the field in providing the most cost effective, soil resistant, oil and water repellent fluorochemicals available in today’s marketplace. Unidyne products, like all Daikin’s products, are manufactured with careful respect for the environment. As the world’s largest manufacturer of fluororepellents for both topical and internal treatment of substrates, Daikin supplies and technically supports any application in any location globally. Whether for Carpeting, Textiles, Nonwovens, or Paper, Unidyne really means World Class Protection.
	United Knitting Fabrics - United Knitting Fabrics are a line of fabrics, produced by United Knitting, a world leader in the product development and production of performance stretch knitted fabrics. the fabrics are targeted towards the outdoor, fitness, team sports, and swimwear markets. Located in Tennessee, United Knitting maintains a modern circular knitting, dyeing, and finishing facility. Consistency, flexibility, and conformity to requirements are its top priority in developing high quality, innovative fabrics for its partner customers.
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V	VisaEndurance® - VisaEndurance is a smart fabric from Milliken that combines an effective, long-lasting odor control with moisture management, in a variety of performance apparel fabrics. The comfortable, durable fabric, made from microfiber polyester in several fabric weights and stitch patterns, is used in a wide range of items including t-shirts, long-sleeve shirts, base-layer garments, men's briefs and boxers, and women's underwear.
	Visco-cel® - Visco-cel® is Rubberlite's line of open celled polyurethane foam featuring slow recovery memory cells. From mattress pads, wheelchair seating and much more, Visco-cel® offers superior cushioning for even pressure distribution. Visco-cel®’s physical properties meet the necessary requirements to supply a shock absorption layer in athletic footwear and ergonomic applications including occupational seating and protective padding. Excellent compression set resistance, slow recovery and uniform cell structure make Visco-cel® an outstanding material for cushioning, ergonomic and shock control applications.
	Vortech® - Vortech® is a registered trademark of InSport. It is a luxurious, soft, quiet hand on a lightweight microfiber polyester fabric. It is highly water repellent by construction, which provides moisture vapor transfer. The lightweight construction is also wind resistant due to the high density of the microfilament weave.
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W	Wear-Dated® - Wear-Dated® carpet fiber, made by Solutia, has earned its reputation as one of the most durable choices for carpet. Carpet made with Wear-Dated® carpet fiber is available from the major carpet manufacturers and brands, like Mohawk (Karastan, Aladdin, Horizon, CustomWeave, Wunda Weve), Shaw (Tuftex, Philadelphia, Queen, World, Trustmark), Beaulieu (Coronet, Hollytex), Royalty, Gulistan, Milliken, Fabrica, and Masland.
	WR100X - A leather developed by Pittards, shugs off moistur and allows perspiration to escape without causing any change in the structure of the leather.
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X	XALT® - XALT® (Xtreme Allweather Laminate Technology) is a high tech composite system that combines innovative fabric and laminate technology for superior waterproof, breathable, windproof comfort and protection. XALT® is made by Burlington Performance Fabrics. End use: Performance Outerwear.
	X-Static® - X-Static® - The Silver Fiber, has a layer of pure silver permanently bonded to the surface of the textile fiber. The process is such that the fiber, with its silver layer, retains traditional textile and tactile characteristics. It can be used in knits, wovens, and non-wovens as either a filament or spun yarn. X-Static offers all of the benefits known to be inherent to pure silver, only in a textile fiber.
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Y	YB Wet® - YB Wet®, developed by Hafner Inc., is a new high-tech fabric available exclusively from Hafner. State-of-the-art Nanotex® technology means apparel made with YB Wet fabric will repel water without sacrificing breathability. It absorbs less and dries quicker. YB Wet ... when you can stay dry!
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The Socks Specialists

Best Quality Socks

Hanes High Quality Socks !

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SOX ARENA - The Socks Specialists: Quality, Quality Management System, Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement & Quality Terms

Quality Assurance & Quality Improvement:

Quality Improvement Means Process Improvement:

Quality, Quality Management System, Quality Assurance, Quality Improvement & Quality Terms

What is Quality ?

Quality Management System (QMS):

Ø Quality Management System recognizes the importance of:

Quality Planning:

One of fundamental tenets of modern quality management is: Quality is planned, designed and built in-not inspected in.

Special Causes

Common Causes

Quality Control & Quality Assurance:

Quality Assurance:

Quality Control (QC):

An Audit: Audit is a structured review of the products Quality Management activities to determine if they comply with organizational policies, procedures and process.

Some Quality Terms:

Prevention – Keeping errors out of process.

Inspection – Keeping errors out of hands of the customer.

Attribute Sampling – Result conforms or Not

Variable Sampling – The result is rated on a continuous scale that measures the degree of conformity.

Tolerance – Specified range of acceptable limits control limits, Threshold, which can indicate whether the process is out of control.

Acceptance Sampling – Inspection of a sample from a lot to decide whether to accept that lot.

Six Sigma Quality – A Term generally used ti indicate process capabilities in terms of Process spread measured by standard deviations in a normally distributed process.

SMART MERCHANDISING

PERSONAL EVALUATION OF WORKSHOP ON SMART MERCHANDISING

SECTION B:

SECTION C:

SECTION D:

Recommendation:

Change Request Form

Problem Solving

AN ELEGANT SOLUTION IS ONLY THE BEGINNING.

Difference Among Quality Control, Quality Assurance & Quality Management System

Quality Control – Verifying the Quality of the Output

Quality Assurance – Managing and Planning for Quality

Quality Management System – QA and QC Working Together

According to ISO standards, a quality management system (QMS) includes quality planning, quality improvement initiatives, the establishment of a set of quality policies and objectives that will act as guidelines within an organization, and QA/QC procedures.

About Us

Why Us ?

Our service includes:1. Matching you with well-established units so that your orders remain secure.2. Getting you the best prices.3. Conducting in-line and final inspection to according to AQL standards.4. Ensuring timely deliveries.5. Time management & cost management procedures.

Advantages of order placement through us

Why Pakistan ?

Socks Industry in Pakistan:

HOME - Product Range

PRODUCT RANGE:

Quality Inspection Services (FOC):

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History of Socks and Hosiery

Brand Management

Brand Management

SOCKS AND UNDERGARMENT GLOSSARY

Balloon Seat

Bar Tracking

Creep down

Crew Length

Elasticized Rib, Leg, Top, or Arch Panel

Fitted Heel and Toe

Flat lock stitching

Functional fly

Gusset

High Heel Splice

Inseam

Instep

Lin-Toe Closure

Long Johns

Low-Cut

Micro-Fiber

Mini-Crew

Mock fly

Mock Rib Leg or Ankle

Needle Hem Stitching

Over-The-Calf Length

Overlapping Fly

Pajama

Ped

Placket Fly

Our service includes:
1. Matching you with well-established units so that your orders remain secure.
2. Getting you the best prices.
3. Conducting in-line and final inspection to according to AQL standards.
4. Ensuring timely deliveries.
5. Time management & cost management procedures.