The Vetiver Solutions Blog

Proceeding of the Fifth International Conference on Vetiver

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 14:56:00 +0000

The documents that were presented during the Fifth International Conference on Vetiver (ICV-5) in Lucknow, India from October 28 - 30, 2011 have been orgainized and published at the web site of The Vetiver Network International.

For the first time at an ICV conference some pharmaceutical papers were presented. These included a paper on the ability of an extract of vetiver oil to act as an antimycobacterial agent to combat tuberculosis

The documents are all in English and separated into text and the graphic presentations used during the conference. They are organized by subject as follows:

Climate Change
Infrastructure Protection
Environmental Protection
Vetiver Oil
Basic Research
Dissemination
Soil and Water Conservation
Pharmaceutical
Socio-economics
Innovation

These proceeding can be accessed and downloaded freely from this page: ICV5-Proceedings.

Vetiver Soil Conservation Buffers at the Pioneer Machete Farm

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Wed, 27 Jul 2011 17:16:00 +0000

Versión en español

Initial barrier

We are happy to say that the Vetiver Soil Conservation Buffers project at the Pioneer Machete Farm has met its objectives and our plants are now containing sediments that would otherwise be affecting coral reefs south of Guayama in Puerto Rico. This project, funded by a grant from the National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) of the US Department of Agriculture, is a good example of simple bioengineering used in the agricultural industry.

Pioneer, a DuPont company, has several locations in Puerto Rico where research on new seeds for corn, soybean, sorghum, and sunflower is taking place. They are very interested in the application of the Vetiver technology, for controlling soil erosion, managing waterways, reducing runoff, trapping sediments, and stabilizing soils during intense rainfall and floods. A small pilot project at one of their Salinas locations was the stepping stone to this ambitious project.

Barriers along waterway

A visit on July 20, 2011 by Luis Pascual Ramos from Pioneer, Edwin Mas from NRCS, and Alberto Rodriguez and Carmen I. Ruiz from Agriflora, found the Vetiver hedges to be developing very rapidly after they were replanted in March 2011. The replanting using hardened, well-rooted, plugs was needed because the original bare root slips could not survive the severe drought that occurred from November 2010 to February 2011. The new planting, with an installed drip irrigation system, is now fully rooted and the hedges are already trapping a substantial amount of the sediment carried by the waterway.

Although this land looks fairly level to the eye, evidence of strong sediment flows could be seen throughout the fields. The waterway running across Finca Machete was creating a large gully due to the effect of water running through the soft soil with no protecting vegetation. The silt being dragged down the waterway was finding its way to an urban area at the southern end and to the coastal area beyond that. Pioneer had been establishing trenches and dikes to direct and collect the water flows in a manner which protects the production fields as well as the community. These mechanical barriers and channels require extensive maintenance and do little to prevent the main waterway flow from reaching the coast where coral reefs are known to exist.

A vegetative conservation system, as built, forms a series of protective barriers along the waterway, which slows the run-off water causing sediment to be deposited. Since the barriers only filter the runoff and do not block it, water seeps through the hedge, reaching the bottom of the slope at a lower velocity without causing any erosion and without being concentrated in any particular area.

The objectives of this proposal have been achieved and the project is considered completed. The Vetiver filter strip system established is composed of:

One initial barrier of 500 feet north of the start of the waterway
Thirty (30) barriers along the waterway - placed every 100 feet
One final barrier, 1000 feet wide, at the southernmost edge of the waterway

Trapped sediment

All the barriers were seen trapping vegetative mass along the waterway and deposits of loose soil accumulations are evident within each segment of the waterway. It was noted that hedges closer to the beginning of the waterway show greater development that those towards the end. This would be consistent with the expectation that the Vetiver will trap and use the excess fertilizer that would otherwise flow along the waterway.

Agronomist Luis Pascual Ramos, Sr. Research Associate at Pioneer, made a presentation about this project in a Pioneer meeting in Hawaii where operations from several countries were represented. The results of the project will continue to be shared with these locations and it is expected that similar measures could be implemented by other stations. In Puerto Rico, Pioneer is still interested in expanding the use of Vetiver to other areas of the Machete Farm. We will continue to work closely with them to define and design these additional objectives.

A full set of pictures can be seen in our Picasa album Pioneer Finca Machete Sediment Control

New Blog Design Completed

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Mon, 30 May 2011 03:18:00 +0000

Today we completed the redesign for this blog Vetiver Solutions. We hope that you enjoy the new look and content We acknowledge the support of, OOruc, the designer of this blog layout who has given us excellent assistance throughout the process. If anyone is looking for a good professional design, we recommend you visit his website at ooruc.com.

Fifth International Conference on Vetiver - October 2011

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Sat, 07 May 2011 14:03:00 +0000

The Fifth International Conference on Vetiver (ICV-5) is scheduled to take place at the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, India, between 28-30 October 2011.

For detailed information and registration please visit the ICV-5 Conference Website. Their invitation is reprinted below:

The Organizing Committee of the Fifth International Conference on Vetiver (ICV-5) on the theme “Vetiver and Climate Change” has the pleasure of inviting you to participate in this important international conference.

In India, the roots of this grass have been traditionally used for essential-oil production, and its hedges for on farm soil and water conservation, contour and forage. Over a period of time Vetiver System (VS) has acquired international territories and is now grown in over 100 countries owing to its cost effective environment friendly multifarious application and sustainable solutions for soil and water conservation, slope and embankment stabilization, natural disaster mitigation, pollution mitigation, agroforestry management and host of ecosystem services.

The vetiver grass model promises a natural solution to mitigate the effects of climate change. Leading practitioners, experts, and policy makers associated with Vetiver System applications from all over the world will participate in the conference. This will provide an excellent opportunity for scientists, growers, entrepreneurs, industrialists and environmentalists to interact and share experience on prospects, potential, and opportunities of VS applications.

India is the native home of vetiver, and Lucknow is located in an important geographic region where vetiver has its natural occurrence. It is our privilege to hold this International Conference on Vetiver in India, and also offer an opportunity for the participants to see vetiver in action in its native home. We extend a hearty welcome to you to explore and learn the state of art progress in this unique plant and its application.

We look forward to your active participation to make this international event a grand success.

Bioengineering With Vetiver Grass on Guam

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Mon, 11 Apr 2011 15:25:00 +0000

This article - Bionegineering with Vetiver Grass on Guam - published with information from Guam University, is very pertinent for our coastal areas. Professor Mohammad Golabi, has completed a pilot project protecting a coastal area adyacent to a residential contruction project on Pago Bay. These Vetiver hedges will trap the sediment resulting from the construction site before it affects the coral reefs in that area.

Many coastal areas of the USA are under similar pressure from construction projects, agricultural practices, and industrial contaminants. Vetiver is a great bioengineering tool to reduce the damage and clean up our coastline. We sorely need more research and pilot projects from our regulatory agencies.

Vetiver Blogs - Some New, Some Improved

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Fri, 02 Apr 2010 02:01:00 +0000

Over the last few weeks I have been bad about writing in my own blog. I was busy, however, helping out other Vetiver bloggers to ramp up their sites.

The "most improved" award goes to the site of The Vetiver Network International blog itself. Many new features have been added including much better visibility of what is being published by other Vetiver sites. A new subsection provides easy links to various official publications in PDF and hard cover. This is the top blog on Vetiver around the world and it is written by Dick Grimshaw, Chairman of TVNI himself.

Both the Vetiver Latina blog in Spanish, and the Vetiver Brazil blog in Portuguese, received facelifts with new layouts, color schemes, and widgets to make them more attractive and organized.

Finally John Greenfield, father of the Vetiver movement, now has his own personal blog, John Greenfield's World, where you will find stories, anecdotes, and humor not found at any other of the sites.

All these sites now have the "Blog Concierge" service where you can choose to receive new articles on email. RSS subscription services are also available for your favorite RSS reader if you like that better.

A now look for this blog is also in my "to do" list for sometime soon. Each of these blogs has its own style and character, and I encourage you, my reader, to get to know them all.

New Vetiver Network Board Members and Appointments

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 18:31:00 +0000

At The Vetiver Network International board meeting on January 30 several new board members were elected along with the awarding of some well deserved technical recognitions. I am very pleased to report that the board honored me with an appointment as Associate Director in recognition of my activities in support of the Vetiver Network and of Vetiver users in the Caribbean and for finding ways of improving TVNI's image and communications via the Internet.

Before becoming a nurseryman (and I thought that I was retiring), I had a long career in information technology. Parlaying that experience into my Vetiver endeavors, I first created this blog that you, my readers, have supported with regular visits from over 70 countries each month. The success of this blog encouraged several others around the world in French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese to add more regular content accessible to non-technical readers.

Other Internet efforts that I have helped grow include the creation and administration of the Vetiver Caribbean Network Google Group, the creation of The Vetiver System Knol Collection at Google Knols, creating the site structures for the Vetiver Latina Google Group and the Vetiver Latina Blog, the maintenance of the Wikipedia Vetiver System page, and, of course, making Vetiver easier to obtain by the general public (in the USA at least) from our Agriflora Tropicals online store. All of these efforts would be meaningless without the support from you, our readers and clients, many of which have become personal friends and Vetiver champions in your own right.

Other well deserved appointments include Elise Pinners and Roley Noffke as Directors to the Board of TVNI, and Mary Wilkowski also as Associate Director. Marco Forti, Alain Ndona, Tony Cisse, and Yoann Coppin were recognized with appointments as Senior Technical Advisers to TVNI, and the appointment to the same position by Alemu Mekonnen of Ethiopia is pending his acceptance. Congratulations to all!

I also want to share with you the acceptance response by Tony Cisse in Senegal. I always preach that we live at at time when the concept of "networking" has taken a new and indispensable meaning in our social and professional lives. TVNI, as a network, is a textbook example of what a small group of people can accomplish by pulling in the same direction. In Tony's words:

"Thank you for your recommendation and I take it as a great honor. I will of course accept, and hope that in doing so I can live up to it and contribute to the mission.

"I must say that, since coming into contact with TVNI, I have never ceased to be inspired by the people I have met or read or communicated with. In my view, the spirit of TVNI is almost unique in its commitment to sharing, supporting each other, and openness. So many times organizations are riven with competition, rivalry, egotism, or self-interest - and here is TVNI which is an example to all of how we can work together, sharing information, knowledge, and experience with people we have never met and may never meet, because of our commitment to a common good. Apart from our belief in what Vetiver can contribute, it is that commitment to open exchange which is a shining example to people working in all fields of development work."

Well said, Tony! It is indeed a fine group of people that make up TVNI. Vetiver rocks!

Vetiver as Windbreaker at Gargiulo Puerto Rico

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 20:24:00 +0000

Back in August last year, Peter Hernández, Operations Manager of the Gargiulo commercial farming operation in Puerto Rico, agreed to try Vetiver as a windbreaker for their tomato fields. Gargiulo has been using sugar cane hedges to cut back the dust that blows into their tomato production fields. With 900 acres of land, 600 of which are in actual production, dust damage can be a very costly environmental factor that must be effectively controlled. Although the sugar cane has proven effective as a wind barrier, this cane must be harvested and replanted annually at substantial cost. In the old days, the biomass left over from sugar cane harvesting was burned and plowed back into the fields. Air quality legislation no longer allows this disposal method, and all this biomass must be spread on otherwise useful land and allowed to dry and decompose over many years. Gargiulo and Agriflora Tropicals agreed that a better solution was needed.

Two 500-plant trials were planted on June 24 and August 6, 2009. Both locations were planted as double Vetiver rows that were later continued as double sugar cane rows, that being the standard Gargiulo practice. The Picasa album Vetiver as Windbreaker, Gargiulo Puerto Rico documents the successful implementation of the Vetiver barriers. The latest pictures, taken on January 13, 2010, show that the Vetiver has achieved about two-thirds of the sugar cane height with a denser, more wind-resistant, body mass. Contrary to sugar cane, Vetiver hedges will be permanent and will require minimal care and maintenance for many years. Vetiver biomass, should Gargiulo choose to cut any of it, can be used as mulching or plowed back into fields providing additional value.

In Puerto Rico, Gargiulo produces 1.5 million 25-lb boxes of top quality tomatoes per harvest. Vetiver may also help Gargiulo address various soil conservation problems where sugar cane was never a solution, and may increase field productivity by increasing soil moisture and acting as a trap crop to flying insects. Agriflora Tropicals will continue to work with Gargiulo to evaluate and implement these Vetiver bioengineering solutions during this year.

Vetiver as Windbreaker, Gargiulo Puerto Rico

Manual Técnico del Sistema Vetiver - Edicion en Español

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 18:07:00 +0000

Gracias al esfuerzo de Oscar Rodríguez de Venezuela, la versión final del Manual Técnico del Sistema Vetiver en español ya ha sido publicada. Este manual esta disponible al público por un costo de US$15.00 a través de la Página de Publicaciones del Vetiver Network International (TVNI).

Ediciones en Inglés, Francés y Swahili también estan disponibles allí, al igual que otras publicaciones importantes sobre la planta Vetiver.
El costo de estos manuales técnicos esta pautado para aumentar a US$20.00 muy pronto. Las personas interesadas deben aprovechar el precio actual.

Thanks to the efforts of Oscar Rodriguez from Venezuela, the final Spanish version of the Vetiver System Technical Reference Manual is now published. The manual is available to the public for $15.00 from the Publications Page of The Vetiver Network International (TVNI). Editions in English, French, and Swahili are also available there, as well as other important publications about the Vetiver plant.

The price of these technical manuals is scheduled to increase to US$20.00 very soon. If you are interested, take advantage of the current price.

Vetiver Roots Excavation in Brazil

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 12:59:00 +0000

Showing Vetiver roots in a picture or in a slide show is what most of us do when we give a presentation about our plants. Fernando Costa Pinto of Biofabrica JAFM in Brazil does not take the easy way out. For his display at the 2009 SOBRADE Congress on November 2009, Fernando decided to show the real thing.

My Picasa album, Vetiver roots excavation in Brazil and my YouTube video show, step-by-step, the ordeal of the excavation process required to exhibit these 10-foot roots. Vetiver is known for grabbing onto the soil and not letting go. These photos prove that beyond any doubt. Thank you, Fernando, for this unique demonstration!

SOBRADE stands for Sociedade Brasileira de Recuperação de Áreas Degradadas and the congress took place Novermber 9-13 on Curitiba, Brazil. An attendance of 380 members from 15 countries gave this event significant global importance. Vetiver plays an important role in this context of land rehabilitation and Biofabrica JAFM in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil is a major contributor in that difficult field.

Vetiver Top Conservation Option In Ethiopia

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Sat, 17 Oct 2009 00:14:00 +0000

Last March, The Vetiver Network International (TVNI) helped sponsor a Vetiver System workshop in Ethiopia. It seems that somebody listened. Dick Grimshaw, Chairman of TVNI shared a message that he received from Belayneh Adugna, the Up-Scaling Component Coordinator and Soil and Water Conservation Specialist of GTZ-Amhara Sustainable Land Management Program. Belayneh Adugna said:

The progress made so far to scale-up the Vetiver System in Amhara region is promising. Many government and non government organizations who are working in the area of soil and water conservation are giving due attention to promote Vetiver as the best solution for agricultural development and natural resources conservation. Vetiver nurseries are established in each corner of the region. Even private farmers are producing Vetiver planting materials and generating income by selling Vetiver seedlings.

Moreover, the Vetiver System is the top in the agenda of options for sustainable land management and included in the governments extension technologies package. So, I am sure we can make a difference in this country through the application of the Vetiver System. Actually we need to do a lot of capacity building works at all levels.

Dick Grimshaw commented: "It is a real pleasure to see the progress being made in Ethiopia with the continued expansion of the Vetiver System for soil and water conservation. There is a lot written and talked about relating to combating climate change in Africa and improving agricultural production.

"The possibilities of irrigation are very limited as compared to south and east Asia. Africa has to optimize her rain-fed agriculture - a primary concern must be erosion control, soil nutrient retention, and in-situ soil and water conservation. The Vetiver System is proving to be the least costly and most effective method of achieving these objectives. If widely applied it might indeed prove to be a precursor to a new "Green Revolution" for tropical agriculture."

I am hoping that the rest of the world will not wait for near-disaster conditions before implementing sensible soil conservation practices. Anybody else listening?

Vetiver as a Landscaping Plant

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Thu, 15 Oct 2009 17:39:00 +0000

OK, I am guilty as charged. With thousands of Vetiver plants in my nursery and hundreds of others doing their conservation job around my farm, I too forget what an attractive plant this can be in a formal or tropical garden. I train my plants to survive in the harshest environments with almost nonexistent water, fertilization, and love. I am used to seeing them look scrawny and angry from neglect, but I know that I can count on them to do their job without a complaint.

Lately, I have been planting a few short rows near the house as part of our landscaping. At the risk of establishing a bad precedent with the not-so-lucky rest of the pack, these puppies get regular sprinkling, fertilizing, and trimming. That is when you realize that this lush, green grass can hold its own against any of the more popular decorative grasses that you pay so much more for.

I do not expect to see gardening books written about Vetiver, but my good friend Tony Cisse, editor of the blog Pepiniere Naaj Baal in Senegal created a document called Vetiver Grass for Landscaping with a great photo collection. We have three and six-plant packs in our store that enjoy in your garden. Try it out . . .

Vetiver Information - Wikipedia vs. Google Knols

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Mon, 05 Oct 2009 13:39:00 +0000

Where Wikipedia Ends - That is the link to the article in the September 28, 2009 issue of TIME magazine reflecting on the slowing down of the growth in Wikipedia content. Many explanations are discussed, but the core problem is that, " . . . as Wikipedia has added layers of control to bolster accuracy and fairness, it has developed a kind of bureaucracy." TIME also stated that "Over time, though, a class system emerged; now revisions made by infrequent contributors are much likelier to be undone by élite Wikipedians."

Tell me about it! This past April, one of these élite storm troopers took it upon himself to break up the Vetiver information into separate entries about the Vetiver plant and the Vetiver System. In itself, this was not a bad idea; but in the process, this "editor" removed all the information on the Vetiver System leaving just a stub of little value.

For more than a month I jousted with this self-appointed Wikipoliceman, attempting to restore all the content, references, and links that were there before. At every step, he would undo my work citing unending arguments about copyrights, writing style (I was not being encyclopedic), rules about links and references (no links to blogs or community groups), and many other hurdles that only added to the annoyance and not to the content. In the end, to my frustration, the Wikipedia page for the Vetiver System was left with no more than a lame explanation, no pictures, and few sources of additional information for the reader.

Fortunately, Google has come up with a much friendlier alternative for the publication of documents authored by a joint community of writers. The Google Knols, is a "crowdsourcing" tool based on the publication of full documents - not just encyclopedic entries. In my opinion, the various Vetiver blogs on the Internet should present short and simple discussions of a very focused subject or event. The knols, on the other hand, can provide depth and detail on more complex subjects and be open to community scrutiny and revision.

I am pleased to report that I am authoring a growing collection of knols on the Vetiver plant and the Vetiver System, that I have listed in The Vetiver System Knol Collection. This knol acts as a table of contents to all the other publications about Vetiver and is the recommended entry point to view the articles.

The Internet is about making information easily shared. That is no longer true of Wikipedia, and for me, Google Knols is the place where I will make meaningful information available in the future without unnecessary restrictions. TIME ended by saying, " . . . these changes (in Wikipedia laws) have created a community not very hospitable to newcomers." I could not agree more.

Client Profile - Vetiver in Defense of Road Embankments

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Fri, 02 Oct 2009 18:45:00 +0000

In my frequent presentations to government agencies and professional groups, I always say that, although Vetiver has been in Puerto Rico for over a 100 years, it arrived without an instruction manual. Since then, the planting methodology known today as the Vetiver System has demonstrated the plant's ability to become an important part of the solution in a soil stabilization problem. Nowhere is this more evident in our island than in our road embankments, where most of the soil has a very high clay content and is very prone to slippage after it becomes saturated with heavy rains.

Not long ago, I was invited to deliver a Vetiver presentation to the design engineers of our Highways Authority, an agency within the Department of Transportation and Public Works. Instead of the two persons that I expected at that meeting, I was privileged to have an audience of nineteen. Within two weeks we were involved in a project on Road 30, a major highway where a low point in the road spills a high volume of water over a steep embankment.

Although this project was close to completion near the town of Las Piedras, the Highways Authority, asked their contractor, Constructora Hartmann, to additionally protect the gabion structures and soil fill by adding 4000 Vetiver plants in strategically planted rows that will provide added stability and contain soil erosion over the surface of the reconstructed slopes.

Engineer Enrique Hartmann, and his namesake father made sure that their staff attained proficiency in the proper planting techniques in accordance with the Vetiver System guidelines. The attached picture and more in this additional Picasa Album attest to this well-done job. I feel confident that this first trial of the Vetiver plant in a major road stabilization project will provide the validation needed for its widespread acceptance. I will update this blog in the future with more pictures and results.

Vetiver in Carbon Sequestration

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 13:57:00 +0000

As evidence mounts on the effect of the increased amounts of carbon dioxide on global warming, the world looks for alternative methods to mitigate the problem. Because of its longevity and extraordinary root mass, Vetiver is becoming one of the leading contenders for carbon sequestration. This bioengineering application of Vetiver accomplishes the long-term storage of carbon dioxide or other forms of carbon through biological processes. With Vetiver, carbon products are extracted from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and stored permanently in its root mass.

An article published in the September issue of Current Science titled Sequestration of atmospheric carbon into subsoil horizons through deep-rooted grasses – Vetiver Grass Model (PDF) , states in its preamble:

Choosing the strategies to mitigate global warming should envisage sustenance of soil carbon sink, and also long-term locking of excess carbon deep into the soil horizon. Fast growing grasses with penetrating deep root system would facilitate long-term locking of atmospheric carbon below plough layer with reduced chances of being recycled to atmosphere and recuperate soil carbon sink. Vetiver, a non-invasive C4 grass with fast-growing tufted root system, reaching 3 m just in one year could be an ideal global candidate with a holding potential of 1 kg atmospheric carbon, sequestered annually deep into the soil pool from one sq metre surface area.

Another document from the European Union, Climate change: Commission dishes the dirt on the importance of soil (PDF), raises a red flag about damaging the remaining carbon reservoirs by not protecting Europe's forests and peat bogs. You can read about the complete European Union thematic strategy on soils in the pages from the European Commission.

In tropical and subtropical climates, Vetiver is a clear alternative for increasing these carbon storages, while at the same time providing a soil conservation and stabilization solution in many scenarios. We can all do our part by using and promoting Vetiver in our homes and neighborhoods, and encouraging our USA government agencies to catch up with the rest of the world.

Client Profile - Vetiver on the Turabo River, Caguas, PR

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 19:04:00 +0000

Quick, find 4800 Vetiver plants in this picture of the Turabo River in Caguas, Puerto Rico! Well, installing them in this dry fill under an unrelenting midday sun was not much easier, but project engineer Kenneth Vélez and the hardy folks of contractor RO Rental Equipment completed the job on 9/15/2009. This project, coming to completion with this vegetative reinforcement, was undertaken by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural Resources under the management of engineer Ramona Paris.

This ambitious project has repaired and reinforced the river's channel at a point where it makes a sharp turn in the Villa del Rey neighborhood. The path of this river was altered substantially during the 1960's when previously agricultural lands became a residential community. Ever since, the river has fought back by overflowing its bank at this turn and reclaiming some of its space.

Most of the Vetiver plants supplied by Agriflora Tropicals for this project were used to create a double hedge along the top edge of the gabion structure. This 1060 ft (323 meters) edge will be under frequent attack by the rising river water on one side and the heavy flows or rain water from the land side. The Vetiver hedges will anchor this soil and protect the stucture from being undermined from the top.

Beyond the end of the gabion structure, a small Vetiver patch has been planted to evaluate its behavior when battered directly by the river's current. This small 10 ft by 33 ft strip sits at the frontline of the dike's battle with the river flow. Small as it is, it could play an important role defending the front edge of the structure from the force of the water trying to work its way under the structure.

The soil and sun conditions that these plants will face can not get much worse. Regular irrigation and fertilization during the first few months must be provided diligently. Given this, I trust my plants will be up to the task . . . that's what I train them for. :-)

A full set of geotagged pictures can be seen in the Picasa album Vetiver on the Turabo River.

Vetiver on Turabo River - Caguas, PR

Agriflora Tropicals in the News

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Mon, 14 Sep 2009 18:29:00 +0000

In case you missed it - and you probably did, we made the Business section of Sunday's El Nuevo Dia newspaper. Even if the title of "Productor Mundial de la Planta de Vetiver" (Worldwide Grower of Vetiver Plants) stretches reality to the point of no return, it was very flattering to see our Vetiver production highlighted and praised by this, the largest circulation newspaper on the island. The write-up even earned us a "well done" on TV and radio by Boricuazo, the herald of positive news in Puerto Rico.

The USA, and consequently Puerto Rico, are badly lagging in the application of the Vetiver plant in soil conservation and other bioengineering applications. For the last two years, we have strived to make Vetiver easily accesible to anyone that can benefit from it. Today, the Internet provides the tools to achieve that. Our blog, The Vetiver Solutions Blog, as an information resource, and our store Agriflora Tropicals as a shopping venue are helping to develop the critical mass of Vetiver followers that will cause the government agencies to specify the use of Vetiver as an erosion control measure more often.

We thank the newspaper reporter, Aura N. Alfaro, and El Nuevo Dia for helping us get the message out. You can read her full article in Spanish here.

Vetiver Plants - When Bigger is not Better

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Tue, 01 Sep 2009 19:18:00 +0000

At our Internet retail store, Agriflora Tropicals, we offer plants that will work well in all soil conservation applications requiring a vegetative solution. We discussed the basic rules of the Vetiver System in an early blog titled How Do I Use The Vetiver System? that answers the most frequent questions of first-time users.

We were recently approached by a contractor looking for Vetiver plants in one-gallon pots. They were seeking plant material for a project where plants had been specified to be of this size. If small Vetiver plants were so good, starting with a larger plant had to be better and quicker, right? Alas, once again, the "bigger is better" myth is proved wrong.

The attached picture from Malaysia shows a plant grown in a large polybag and transplanted to the ground as an adult plant. Dug out some months later, we can see that the original center of the plant
never developed deep roots. Even with proper irrigation and application of fertilizers, the center roots that were bag-bound became senescent and did not regenerate.

Vetiver roots grow and penetrate the soil by creating new tillers and roots around the original slip or small plant once it is set on the ground. The roots of a small plant will extend like curtain layers from that center and secure the soil starting right at the center. A root-bound large plant will grow with a weak center that will never provide the needed soil anchoring. When set side-by-side in a slope, the resulting hedge will not provide the desired support and the results could be catastrophic.

Transplanting large, root-bound plants from bags or pots to save time is not cost-effective and is not the recommended technique of the Vetiver System. Save your large plants for landscaping projects or, better yet, use them to propagate new, stronger plants.

Exxon-Mobile Plants Vetiver From The East Bali Poverty Project

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Sun, 26 Jul 2009 21:07:00 +0000

When I first read about this project a few months ago, I was duly impressed by the quality of work and happy for the visibility that a client like Exxon-Mobile meant for a Vetiver colleague. But this story goes beyond being another Vetiver success story in a remote location that I am unlikely to ever visit. This was the work of the folks at the East Bali Poverty Project (EBPP) in East Java, Indonesia, a mountain community that has made Vetiver both a source of income and its foundation for a better future.

In September 2008, the civil engineering contractor constructing the inland oilfield for Exxon-Mobil in Bojonegoro, East Java, Indonesia, requested that they survey and quote for supplying and planting Vetiver on the slopes of a newly constructed oil platform. The Vetiver was needed to stabilize the slopes of approximately 2 meters of fill, to prevent any erosion from runoff from the 125,000 square meters of concrete platform. The runoff during monsoon rains would otherwise carry a lot of it away.

A total of 34,000 Vetiver slips were required for the 3,000 square meters of slopes, planting Vetiver rows at 80 cm (32 inches) measured down the slopes, and 10 cm (4 inches) plant separation along the contours, to ensure sufficient plants to cope with the enormous runoff. They started planting at the start of the rainy season (end of November 2008). Amazingly, a three-man team completed the planting in five days. The attached “after” photo, taken at beginning of May 2009, shows the fantastic growth and zero erosion of the oil platform side slope five months after the planting.

SUMMARY OF EAST BALI POVERTY PROJECT

The East Bali Poverty Project (EBPP) is a non-profit organization established in 1998 by David J. Booth, a British resident of Bali after an appeal for help by an isolated mountain village, forgotten by time and progress. Surveys in 1998 revealed thousands of people, in 19 isolated hamlets, living in abject poverty - without water, sanitation, roads, schools, health facilities or electricity. By 2009, sustainable community livelihoods opportunities had opened in Vetiver grass sales and dried Vetiver handicrafts.

Today, malnutrition and child mortality are almost eliminated, due to improved access and other facilities that have been enabled by the power of Vetiver grass – the stabilization of roads; the stopping of mountain homes from slipping down the slopes; the establishment of permanent hedges that allow vegetable gardens on steep and sandy farms that could only grow cassava and corn before. With the philosophy of “helping people to help themselves”, the EBPP project delivers both ecological and humanitarian results under conditions most others would have termed impossible. Please visit the EBPP web site for a complete view of this amazing story.

Hawaii Legislature Evaluates Vetiver as a Vegetative Erosion Barrier

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Wed, 15 Jul 2009 23:33:00 +0000

Although the USA has badly lagged the rest of the world in the implementation of vegetative soil erosion controls, we are finally seeing steps in the right direction. Sometimes these "baby steps" come from where you least expect them. Of all places, the Hawaii Senate in State Concurrent Resolution SCR176 is requesting their Department of Land and Natural Resources and their Department of Transportation to research the use of Vetiver as an erosion barrier.

In the resolution, the senate recognizes that in spite of millions of dollars having been invested in "hard engineering structures", soil erosion "continues to compromise road safety, pollute streams and coastal waters, and kill reefs". The Senate also established that "additional mitigation work could be completed if effective methods of slope stabilization and soil erosion prevention were more economical, environmentally-friendly, and readily available".

In conclusion, the resolution states:

"BE IT RESOLVED by the Senate of the Twenty-fifth Legislature of the State of Hawaii, Regular Session of 2009, the House of Representatives concurring, that the Legislature requests that the Department of Land and Natural Resources and the Department of Transportation research the use of vegetative erosion barriers, particularly Vetiver grass, to minimize soil erosion and prevent the resulting runoff from damaging roads, streams, coastal waters, and reefs and to stabilize stream banks, hillsides, and other threatened sites."

The summary page with the ongoing status of the measure can be seen here: Hawaii State Legislature SCR176.

Given that Hawaii is probably the most conservative and protectionist state when it comes to exotic plants, this is a major milestone. Vetiver has been in Hawaii for many years, and evidence of its merits is very evident, so this should probably move along very rapidly. What the good senators may not know, however is that their state Department of Agriculture has a regulation in place that requires a two-year quarantine for the importation of any grass. I suspect that there is not enough Vetiver supply in Hawaii to support a project of this magnitude in the short term. Given Vetiver's well documented non-invasiveness, it should not be part of this extreme regulation.

I suggest we all keep an eye on this one. Stay tuned . . .

Client Profile - Vetiver in a Backyard Orchard, Los Angeles, CA

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Sun, 05 Jul 2009 18:18:00 +0000

Whenever I have the pleasure of telling people about the uses of Vetiver and the proper planting method, I always make a point of saying that the two things that Vetiver dislikes the most are ice and shade. Oversimplified as that statement may be, both of those conditions may kill or stun the plants and planting under tree canopies should be avoided when planning a landscaping or soil conservation project.

Nevertheless, a few weeks ago I received a very kind email from UCLA law professor Grace Blumberg in west Los Angeles praising the Vetiver plants that she and her husband Donald, both UCLA Master Gardeners, had purchased from us on the Internet and planted last February. The message included a collection of photos of their semicircular hillside backyard with a very nicely laid out drip irrigation system and a collection of small trees set between the Vetiver rows. In my book, the shade from those little trees would be detrimental to the Vetiver in a few years, so I wrote back raising a red flag about the possible shade issue.

Happily, Grace was a step ahead of me. She quickly explained that they had planned and distanced the trees according to a novel concept of "Backyard Orchards" where the trees will be regularly pruned and allowed to grow no taller that arm's reach for ease of maintenance and harvesting. This technique results in a lower yield per tree, but a greater yield per acre with reduced harvesting cost. This technique is detailed in the web site of Dave Wilson Nurseries and is now been used by some California commercial orchards as well. With this management, the tree shade is unlikely to become an issue in this orchard.

The Blumbergs are quickly becoming Vetiver champions in their own right. Beyond their own backyard, they are already sharing their knowledge where it can be put to good use. In Grace's own words:

"We consider the Vetiver a great success. Beside its many fine qualities, we love the appearance of the green Vetiver rows between rows of the fruit trees that we planted at the same time. We are both University of California Master Gardeners and, within the next few months, we will be presenting a brief PowerPoint presentation on Vetiver to a meeting of the Los Angeles County Master Gardeners. The mission of the LA County Master Gardeners is to teach low-income adults and school children in low-income schools how to grow their own fruits and vegetables. There is considerable local land that is unutilized because of its steep grade. Hence, bioengineering with Vetiver promises to be a local godsend."

It is very rewarding and valuable when our clients take the time to give us feedback and share their experiences with us. This is one story that I felt important to pass along. I also learned my lesson . . . never argue with a lawyer that knows more than you about gardening. (said with a tip of my hat)

Thailand: Faasai Resort Plants Vetiver in Wetland

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Sun, 31 May 2009 15:55:00 +0000

The Faasai Resort and Spa, a family owned eco-resort in Thailand, will plant Vetiver to protect White Water Lake, a conservation lake 500 meters from the resort. Their guests are being invited to join the planting on World Responsible Tourism Day, Tuesday June 2, 2009.

White Water Lake (Nong Nam Kao) has healing mineral spring waters which collect in streams, the small lake and a swamp. To increase the water retention the owners of Faasai Resort have increased the depth of the stream and lake. They have also planted Vetiver grass, bamboo, lemongrass and about 1,000 trees around the perimeter of the lake and on adjoining land.

"Our intention is to preserve the springs as a reservoir of pure fresh water and to provide a safe shelter for birds and other wildlife including fish, frogs, bats, lizards and snakes," say the owners. So far more than a hundred varieties of birds, dozens of varieties of fresh water fish, fresh water shrimps, water monitors, pythons, rats and water snails have been recorded at the sanctuary.

On June 2 the edges of the water are being planted with an additional 1,000 Vetiver plants - which is considered to be a 'super grass' for water conservation. Vetiver ('yaa faak' in Thai) has a strong fibrous root system which rapidly penetrates deep into the soil and develops into a tightly knitted net. It holds the soil together and serves as an underground wall which retards water flow but allows water to seep into the soil. The roots are also capable of absorbing mineral nutrients for plants and other chemical substances such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides before they flow into the water sources. This protects the water from pollutants and maintains water quality.

The resort is nestled beside a small forest reserve in the foothills of the world-renowned Cardamom Mountains which stretch into Cambodia 100 kilometres away. This makes the area a magnet for wildlife, despite being only a three-hour drive from Bangkok. The sustainable practices implemented by the resort have earned them much recognition from the tourist industry. See more about this story in this Asia Travel Blackboard newsletter.

NRCS Plant Guide on Vetiver

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Fri, 29 May 2009 12:05:00 +0000

Stop the presses! This is front page news about Vetiver that may, once and for all, answer some of the doubts that you may have about this plant.

The NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service) of the US Department of Agriculture has issued a new Plant Guide on Vetiver. It comes from the NRCS office in Hawaii and has excellent information about the Vetiver plant and the Vetiver System.

The Vetiver community is very pleased with this publication, but a few of its statements may need clarification or updating.

The range of soil pH that the plant will tolerate has been documented by the Vetiver Network International as being 3.3 to 12.5 without soil amendment and is so stated in its publications. The guide states 4 to 7.5 which its limiting its application unnecessarily.
Except in very difficult enviroments, the plants do not need irrigation or large amounts of fertilizer to become established.
The case of "a stem bending down into moist soil and rooting at the node" is so improbable that people working with Vetiver for over 50 years have never seen it.

Be sure to pick up a copy of this guide here, and share it with other people that may benefit from this information.

Nicaragua: Vetiver as a Community Project

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Thu, 14 May 2009 13:48:00 +0000

Googling the web for other information, I came across this article in Spanish from Nicaragua whose title translates as The Wizards of Vetiver. It tells the story of this rural community 45 km south of Managua, the capital of Nicaragua that has turned Vetiver into a communal effort. Working as a cooperative and with the funding and assistance of government agencies, they have turned to Vetiver as an answer to their agricultural problems and as a source of community income.

Early plantings of Vetiver provided dramatic improvements in the condition of their agricultural soils by increasing humidity in an otherwise very dry terrain. The community then implemented an education program by means of posters, newspapers, and radio programs, that resulted in the whole community embracing the technology improving the agricultural productivity accross the region.

Today the cooperative sells Vetiver to the government and other farmers in Nicaragua. Not only has their agricultural productivity increased, but Vetiver is now a major commercial product of their community, with additional income being produced from crafts made out of the Vetiver leaves. In the end, the educational and commercial efforts will have benefited about 12,000 families. This is an important aspect of Vetiver that we sometimes miss in the more developed countries, and it is gratifying to see it done well where it is needed.

Vetiver as Part of a Pest Management System

noreply@blogger.com (Alberto Rodriguez) — Wed, 22 Apr 2009 19:17:00 +0000

Pest management is the science of preventing, suppressing, or eradicating biological organisms that are causing a problem. The term "Integrated Pest Management" (IPM), implies integration of approaches and methods into a pest management system, which takes into consideration the ecology of the environment and all relevant interactions that pest management practices may have upon the environment in which one or more pest problems may exist. When IPM principles are applied to a given pest problem, it is generally assumed that environmental impact and economic risks have been minimized. Since IPM considers all applicable methods, it is also assumed that emphasis on chemical methods may be reduced when effective non-chemical alternative methods are available.

The use of Vetiver as part of a management system falls into the realm of "Cultural and Mechanical" practices that that can be quick, safe, and economical to implement for the protection of many agricultural crops. Trials in Ethiopia and South Africa with the control of stem borers and nematodes have been very successful.

Depending of the environment, Vetiver can act both as a trap crop around the perimeter of a produce field, and as an underground physical barrier against nematodes and termites. In some areas the plants are allowed to grow tall and serve as wind barriers protecting more delicate crops. For many farmers, the introduction of Vetiver into their practices also provides the solution to soil erosion problems that threaten to severely reduce the productivity of many soils.

Vetiver alone is not enough to control pests. A complete management plan must be devised depending on the objectives that may include chemical controls - but hopefully in a much lesser scale.

For additional information and pictures, see this PowerPoint presentation by Johnnie van den Berg from the School of Environmental Sciences and Development of Northwest University in South Africa: Vetiver as a Component of a Pest Management System.