tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-39519237189998299752023-03-21T19:32:26.180-07:00Think like MALINGAKnowing How others think about different thinks sometimes interesting.
Know how I, Malinga think will be allowed through this blog.Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comBlogger61125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-27021518000123741162013-09-27T23:47:00.002-07:002013-12-12T04:24:23.956-08:00Floyd Warshall algorithm easy way to computeYou can download my Presentation at: <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/malinga_perera/floyd-warshall-algorithm" target="_blank">SlideShare</a><br />
This is a external slide set which helped me to understand FW: <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/malinga_perera/floyd-warshallalgorithm" target="_blank">SlideShare</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-3984549636075889512013-03-17T21:23:00.000-07:002013-07-14T08:10:31.428-07:00Importance of geographical position with information services and Location Determination TechnologiesWe are living in a day where all the forms are half filled. Early days there were web forms that need to be filled by the user from top to bottom. Now all the developers trying to fill the form as much as possible from what they know about the user. It is just a one example; people are trying to customize the services according to the customer using whatever details they have on customer. Geolocation of the customer is one of the most important details of them. We have seen Google homepage is customized to the country; we have seen ads that changed according to the country of the visitor. Finding the country is not enough, now we need the exact position of the user in real time. Location Based Service (LBS) is an innovative technology that provides information or makes information available based on the geographical location of the mobile user. In addition, LSB tend to be one of the hottest research areas these days. <br />
“Where am I”, “Where is the nearest fuel station”, “From where I can have my breakfast”, these questions are asked from humans in the past, but not anymore. People need there handheld mobile device to answer those questions. This is where knowing the geolocation of the user become most important to the developers. <br />
Location Determination Technologies (LDTs) are the heart of Location Based Services (LBS). These LDTs can be separated into 4 main parts Network-based, Mobile-based, Mobile-assisted, and Network-assisted. <br />
<br />
<h4>
Network-based</h4>
Normally network based techniques are less cost techniques. These do not require any change in the mobile handset. Possibility of using with almost any handset (even with low end ones) gives a clear advantage. <br />
<br />
<h4>
Mobile-based</h4>
In Mobile-based LTDs locating it and doing the required calculations is done by the mobile device. It might need some little pieces of information from the network too. Mobile-based implementation does not support legacy handsets. <br />
Mobile-assisted and Network-assisted techniques are the used to distribute some amount of load to the Base Station (BS) from the Mobile Station (MS) for vice-versa. Those are used to overcome limitations and disadvantaged of each base technique. <br />
LDTs can be separated into 2 main categories. Satellite and Cellular LDTs. Satellite LDTs are based on the principle of measuring the interval of time a set of signals spend travelling from a set of orbiting satellites to a receiver on or near the surface of earth. The main satellite LDTs are GPS, AGPS, DGPS, GLONASS and Galileo. Cellular LDTs use the signals of the cellular system to find the location of a MS. The main Cellular LDTs are, <br />
<ul>
<li>Cell-ID (or Cell of Origin (COO))</li>
<li>Received Signal Level (RSL)</li>
<li>Angle Of Arrival (AOA)</li>
<li>Uplink Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA)</li>
<li>Downlink Observed Time Differences (DOTD). </li>
</ul>
Each of these methods has their own advantages and disadvantages. To overcome those disadvantages there are some hybrid methods that will combine advantages of two or more methods to archive greater quality. <br />
<h5>
Cell-ID</h5>
This is the simplest and straightforward way to find the location. Here we will use the area of the BS, which services the user, as his location. This has very low accuracy and it tend to get worst in rural areas. <br />
<a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-uBpAftPQg_E/UUaWrvX7BII/AAAAAAAAAtc/ZvQBrhHpo00/s1600-h/clip_image002%25255B5%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image002" border="0" height="259" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-z58hnDsNJJo/UUaWsUl37_I/AAAAAAAAAtk/FOCANHGimWs/clip_image002_thumb%25255B2%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image002" width="280" /></a> <br />
With this, we get that large area covered by the served BS as the user location. This method does not have any calculation and very good for applications that need quantity over quality. With a high error of 500m order, it is questionable whether this is of any use. Nevertheless, there is a set of significant services, the so-called Resource Discovery Services (RDS), for which Cell-ID’s accuracy might be sufficient. <br />
Cell-ID techniques are encouraged to use with the help of other methods or location information. As an example in Voice Location-Based Services user, provide their locations by voice and cell ID identification helps in identifying the location for Automatic Speech Recognizer (ASR). ASR have a large set of locations to compare the user voice with, where knowing the Cell-ID reduce that set of locations to a workable small set. <br />
It seems that even though cell-Id works well in urban areas, there is a tendency of not connecting to the closest BS in the urban areas. Some experimental studies conducted (in Italy) in this areas shows that, percentage of samples not connected to the closest BTS reaches 43% when it comes to urban areas (1). <br />
<h5>
Received Signal Level (RSL)</h5>
This Method uses the signal strength from MS to calculate the distance to the MS. In urban areas, the received signal level decreases more rapidly with distance than in open areas. Multipath fading and shadowing poses a problem for distance estimation based on signal level. We need to have a suitable propagation model that account on those fading, shadowing and estimate the distance. Factors like traveling in a vehicle, being in a seminar room can cause changes in the received signal strength and those cannot be captured in to calculations easily. <br />
This is an easy and low-cost method to enhance the accuracy of pure cell-ID based location. This method can be used with any kind of handset with GSM enabled. (2) <br />
<h5>
Angle of Arrival</h5>
Here we will take the angle of arrival from 2 base stations and will take the intersection point as the MS location. A minimum of two BSs is required to determine the position of the mobile phone. <br />
<a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-Tmv2Bv-6eC4/UUaWtfztQAI/AAAAAAAAAts/rSqVNEXAjQ8/s1600-h/clip_image004%25255B5%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image004" border="0" height="201" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-vgLO4mqPQZQ/UUaWuJdr1aI/AAAAAAAAAt0/HphthUjtpyg/clip_image004_thumb%25255B2%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: block; float: none; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image004" width="274" /></a> <br />
In each antenna there are array of small Omni directional antennas, these antennas are separated by a small distance and a measurable difference in arrival times and electrical phase received at each antenna are used to estimate the direction at which the transmission is originating. A small change in the arrival time can make a big error in the angle. AOA needs line of sight (LOS) from the BS and it is very rare that we have LOS from 2 BSs. Due to above issues this method is more towards unusable. <br />
There are proposed systems that give better accuracy with AOA even in NLOS scenarios. Accuracy of AOA method increases with the number of base stations available for calculation. Root mean square of the distance between the true position and the estimate can be limited to 500m or below with 3 base stations and an angular error less than 5 degrees (3). <br />
<h5>
TDOA and DOTD</h5>
These techniques use the uplink and downlink times to find the location of the MS. TDOA happens at the MS and DOTD happens in the network end. Main concern relevant to these methods is, 1 microsecond error equals 300 meters measurement error. These techniques need additional timing equipment is required. The required infrastructure has an important cost effect. <br />
RSL is my choice for location identification. None of these techniques is perfect and you might need to try a hybrid method to archive that perfection. <br />
Comparison <br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody>
<tr> <td valign="top" width="213">Method</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Advantages</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Dis-Advantages</td></tr>
<tr> <td valign="top" width="213">Cell-ID</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Easy, Not Complex <br />
No Calculations <br />
Less cost<br />
<br /></td> <td valign="top" width="213">Lesser accuracy (especially when cell serves a large area). Error (related to GPS location) around 500m-1000m (1)</td></tr>
<tr> <td valign="top" width="213">Received Signal Level (RSL)</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Less cost <br />
Good Accuracy in urban areas</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Lesser Accuracy/impossible to use in rural areas with few towers <br />
Need support from the network</td></tr>
<tr> <td valign="top" width="213">Angle of Arrival</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Less Cost <br />
Don’t need any extra modifications to the existing handset</td> <td valign="top" width="213">A small change in the arrival time can make a big error in the angle <br />
Need 2 BS at least <br />
Complex computations<br />
<br /></td></tr>
<tr> <td valign="top" width="213">TDOA and DOTD</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Easy, Less Computation <br />
High cost due to the equipment needed.</td> <td valign="top" width="213">Accuracy greatly depend on the error, 1ms error can cause above 300m error</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br />Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-28268057512631182022012-12-24T11:39:00.000-08:002013-05-25T09:25:17.542-07:00Merry Christmas !<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ndJwC1jt8_U/UNivDro8irI/AAAAAAAAAsQ/cILdrOSDG-Q/s1600/Country-Merry-Christmas-191815.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="430" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ndJwC1jt8_U/UNivDro8irI/AAAAAAAAAsQ/cILdrOSDG-Q/s640/Country-Merry-Christmas-191815.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-10164480494103129182012-12-09T05:33:00.000-08:002013-07-14T08:12:58.789-07:00You can't survive without 'grep' (most importent grep commands)<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hfPRi8VzwvI/UMSSudyqdvI/AAAAAAAAAp8/zQO1d73-Uhk/s1600/grep.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="198" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hfPRi8VzwvI/UMSSudyqdvI/AAAAAAAAAp8/zQO1d73-Uhk/s320/grep.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
I started my internship in wso2 6-7 months ago. By then I had no clue about the Linux command prompt. Even though I have worked with Ubuntu in when I was doing my A/Ls I didn’t use the bash to anything at all. But with the start of my internship I started Using the Command line for almost everything. It is a one way stop for everything and you feel really powerful and feel more control over things. With those I moved towards using the Command line more and more. When I do that ‘grep’ played a big part in my life. Simply you can’t survive in a command line environment without ‘grep’. Below are some nice little commands using grep that I think everyone should know.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
basic usage of grep command is to search for a specific string within a specified set of files. In below commands you have to replace the <> and what is in there with what you need.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>grep "<string you need to search>" filename</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
e.g. grep “submitFilterForm” index.jsp</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Here we are searching for “submitFilterForm” in index.jsp. This will return the sentence that string can be found (if there is any).you can give a file pattern instead of the file name<br />
<br />
</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
e.g. grep “submitFilterForm” *.jsp</div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
And if you need you can replace the search string with a regex.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span> You can use some parameters to make the search more advances.</div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>i - Ignore case(ignore capital, simple, “the”, “THE” and “The” all will be same)</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>w - Full strings only (if you don’t use this all the substring matches also will be there in the search)</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>v - Negative search. ( When you want to display the lines which does not matches the given string/pattern)</li>
<li><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>n - Line numbers (To show the line number of file with the line matched. It does 1-based line numbering for each file. Use -n option to utilize this feature.)</li>
</ul>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
e.g. grep -iw "submitfilter" *.java </div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Above will search for "submitfilter" as a full word, ignoring case insensitively within all java files, try it and you will understand more. </div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
e.g. grep -i "submitfilter" *.java </div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Above will search for "submitfilter", ignoring case insensitively within all java files.</div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="MsoNormal">
e.g. grep -v "submitfilter" *.java </div>
</blockquote>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This will search for places which do NOT match "submitfilter”, within all java files.</div>
<img id="smallDivTip" src="chrome://dictionarytip/skin/dtipIconHover.png" style="border: 0px solid blue; left: 167px; position: absolute; top: 256px; z-index: 90;" />Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-45823428323383029002012-09-29T19:33:00.003-07:002012-09-29T19:34:11.581-07:00Free Learning is Everywhere (for Programmers at least): 50 of the best places to learn free<br>
<ol>
<li><strong><a href="http://webcast.berkeley.edu/series.html#c,d,Computer_Science">UC Berkeley Webcasts</a>:</strong>
UC Berkeley's Computer Science department offers a huge collection of courses in programming and computing.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/">MIT OpenCourseWare</a>:</strong>
Find more than a hundred online course materials for electrical
engineering and computer science in MIT's OpenCourseWare collection.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="http://stanford.edu/online/courses">Stanford University</a>:</strong>
Through iTunesU and Coursera, Stanford University offers plenty of
programming courses, including Coding Together: Apps for iPhone and
iPad, Programming Methodology, and Human-Computer Interaction.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/course/category.php?id=7">The Open University</a>:</strong>
U.K.-based Open University has a variety of learning units in computing and ICT.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="http://ocw.usq.edu.au/">University of Southern Queensland</a>:</strong>
From the University of Southern Queensland, you'll find courses in
Object Oriented Programming in C++ and Creating Interactive Multimedia.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="https://www.coursera.org/princeton">Princeton</a>:</strong>
Through Princeton University's Coursera site, you can find courses on algorithms, computer architecture, and networks.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="https://www.coursera.org/umich">University of Michigan</a>:</strong>
From the University of Michigan, you'll get access to great
programming courses including Computer Vision and Internet History,
Technology, and Security.<br>
</li>
</ol>
<h3>
General</h3>
<br>
<center>
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/tbisaacs/3086355917/"><img src="http://www.onlinecollegecourses.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/50codeonline2.jpg"></a></center>
<br>
If you're just dipping your toes into programming, or you want to
find a variety of resources, these sites offer several different ways to
learn how to code.<br>
<ol class="list-continue" start="8">
<li><strong><a href="https://p2pu.org/en/schools/school-of-webcraft/">School of Webcraft</a>:</strong>
Mozilla Foundation's School of Webcraft is a peer-powered school that offers free web development education.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="http://code.google.com/edu/introductory_courses.html">Google Code University</a>:</strong>
Google Code University is full of excellent resources for code
learning, including tutorials, introductions, courses, and discussion
forums.<br>
</li>
<li><strong><a href="http://code.google.com/">Google Code</a>:</strong>
Search Google's repository of code through this awesome resource.<br>
</li></ol><a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/09/free-learning-is-everywhere-for.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-90337055415399802902012-09-28T23:32:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:41:50.399-07:00What do software architects really do? - Review<b>Original Paper:</b><br />Name: <b>What do software architects really do?</b><br />Download: http://goo.gl/906Yk<br /><br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">By: Philippe Kruchten</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"> </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> 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mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style><![endif]--> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;">This paper is published in 2008 and written by Philippe Kruchten, who was a Philippe Kruchten is professor of software engineering in the department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the University of British Columbia. Qualification shows that he can answer the question “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What do software architects really do?</b>” </div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;">This is one of the interesting papers that I have read. This made me interested because of two reasons. First, it is the language style that the writer has used. Then, it is the graphical representation that is used in this paper. At the start, writer take a nice opening with the dialog captured from the OOPSLA workshop in Vancouver in the fall of 1992. If I ask, the question “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">who is an architect?”</b> answer can be given in the domain of the question “<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">What do software architects really do?</b>” This simply mean that this paper actually answer two questions, which I mentioned above.</div><a name='more'></a><br /> <div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;">Deviating from common definitions that can be found in the internet, this paper gives a more practical and measurable definition to the architect and what he does. In this paper, he talks about some common mistakes, which he call as “antipatterns” which fails software architect or software architecture team. As example “creating a perfect architecture, for the wrong system”, “creating a perfect architecture, but too hard to implement” was two antipatterns that is listed in the paper.</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;">In the next section writer start talking about “Roles and responsibilities of an architect” where he mention eight main roles and responsibilities. We can see that not all of them talks only about the architecture of the system.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After that writer gives a nice graphic that clears, “What architect should do?” This graphic is drawn using, how the time of an architect is allocated. Here writer identify 3 main areas, where is spent.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Architecting:<span style="font-family: AdvGulliv-R; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: AdvGulliv-R;"> </span>architectural design, prototyping, evaluating, documenting, etc.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Getting input: listening to customers, users, product manager, and other stakeholders (developers, distributors, customer support, etc.). Learning about technologies, other systems’ architecture, and architectural practices.</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -13.5pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Providing Information: providing information or help to other stakeholders or organizations, communicating the architecture, project management, product definition.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Writer recommends that, architecture should spend his time on these this in a 50:25:25 ratio. </div><div class="MsoNormal">In the next section writer shows, how each antipattern affects the above ratio. In addition, all of these faces are represented in graphs too. These graphs make it really easy to identify how those antipatterns effect in one site. Comparing these graphs will give you a clear idea of how damaging is each antipattern. If we take a team, these ratios will change from individual to another. These ratios will depend on the phase of the project; at the beginning, there will be more internal focus, where as in the development and transition phase there will be more outward focus. According to the writer, our main consideration is the ratios of the whole team taken together. This team ratio should hover somewhere near 50:25:25.</div><div class="MsoNormal">In last section, writer gives us a nice method of identifying and measuring the ratios. He elaborates on, how we can really implement this system in a practical way. Furthermore, he gives us a way of identifying how each work by a architect can be categorize as a inward outward or architecting. This is simple method that will not cost you anything for trying. Therefore, try this in your workplace. Let the writer know your experience in that.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Reviewed By: Romesh Malinga Perera, Undergraduate, University of Moratuwa.</div> </div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-59588400499285239332012-09-28T23:27:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:41:50.397-07:00Performance Optimization of SOA based AJAX Application - Review<b>Original Paper:</b><br />Name: <b>Performance Optimization of SOA based AJAX Application</b><br />http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1506233&dl=ACM&coll=DL&CFID=120989012&CFTOKEN=50544860<br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">By: Kanakalata N, Udayan Banerjee, Shantha Kumar. 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SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]><style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:.5in; text-align:justify; text-indent:-.25in; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style><![endif]--> </div><div class="MsoNormal">Nowadays we can see java script based libraries been used in almost every web site or web application. AJAX is one of the most popular JS libraries around. This research paper shows how AJAX can be used to optimize SOA based applications. This paper has a nice organization and a flow that take the reader through several fine points that will prove that, there is a room for optimization in SOA based applications using AJAX. This talk about several AJAX based solutions to optimize the response time and the usability of the application. This does not talk about how to optimize the server performance. It shows that writer has identified the boundaries of the paper and has managed to stick to it.</div><div class="MsoNormal">This Paper starts explaining and elaborating on the topic through an example of an insurance underwriting application. This walks the reader through main design considerations, elimination of coding inefficiencies, and selecting though design alternatives and finally optimizing for usability. This makes a fine order to anyone who reads this paper. Writer of this paper has not made it hard, which make it readable by anyone with a basic knowledge in AJAX and SOA.<br /><a name='more'></a></div><div class="MsoNormal">Other main factor, that make me believe in their idea of using AJAX for SOA optimization is that, all of their arguments are backed up by good facts and theories. As a example, in this paper they describe why we should shift the load entirely to the client. Writer took well-known Moore’s law to show how power of servers and client computers increase over years. However if we take “power per user” servers do not show a large increment compared to PCs, as number of users are rapidly increasing. With above argument writer proves the importance of AJAX.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Another point, which fascinated me, is the “<i>Micro Granular Repainting</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">”. This talks about having a XML files for both data and HTML and, repainting at the node level. Using this approach, it is possible to repaint the part of the page at the lowest level of granularity. In the next section, they talk about client side caching which is a relatively new idea with AJAX. Here they say that, it improves the response time and overall performance of the system. Use of caching reduces the number of requests for the server, which enables sever to handle higher number of users. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">In the “<b>Improve Perceived Response</b>” section, they talk about “Lazy Loading” which is known by most of developers, mainly as a concept and a design pattern. However, I think it would be better if they give the brief description on “What is lazy loading”, at least for the completeness sake. “Lazy loading” as they suggest can reduce the initial page loading time. According to my experience, there are users who let the page load while he is doing something else and return after sometime. This type of uses might get irritated seeing that only a partially loaded page.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">The research paper ends with nice set of test result that shows the success of this framework and design considerations. However, these results are taken relative to “insurance underwriting application”, and can change as the domain changes. Nevertheless, the underline facts of those search results suggest that such a change will not happen. According to my knowledge in AJAX and web applications it is clear to me that this framework will improve the responsiveness in any SOA based application regardless of the domain. I see a better future for SOA based applications through AJAX optimization which give you the total control over how, when, where your application should be loaded.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">Reviewed By: Romesh Malinga Perera. Undergraduate, University of Moratuwa</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><br /></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-36493896203735900082012-09-28T23:18:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:25:17.585-07:00Turing Machines Examples<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">This document shows few Turing Machines that is used for following tasks.</span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">1.</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Copy a string</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">2.</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Erase a String</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">3.</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Right Shift a String</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">4.</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Split a string</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">5.</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Reverse a string</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.75in; mso-add-space: auto;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Copy a string (>_w_ <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>to >_w_w_)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-xrcTZCEzvU0/UGaR9VGZHjI/AAAAAAAAAmM/qaWyeuuzxMY/s1600-h/clip_image002%25255B13%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image002[13]" border="0" height="301" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-vVC140QC9UQ/UGaR-itLNQI/AAAAAAAAAmU/JIwfEZEhGzE/clip_image002%25255B13%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image002[13]" width="600" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Erase a String (>_w_ to >_)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-u6J2V7QbPGo/UGaSAMcGPWI/AAAAAAAAAmY/BxAUVIX_nko/s1600-h/clip_image004%25255B13%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image004[13]" border="0" height="275" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-1Mu3LRwTVbU/UGaSBkgq0zI/AAAAAAAAAmk/cdxspPd4pQU/clip_image004%25255B13%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image004[13]" width="445" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;"></span></span></div><a name='more'></a><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Right Shift a String (>_w_ to >__w_)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/--QYeXaRahPY/UGaSDRKtVVI/AAAAAAAAAms/mpDmqC9agCg/s1600-h/clip_image006%25255B13%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image006[13]" border="0" height="355" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-AMDy_DdjOkE/UGaSFL8aa4I/AAAAAAAAAm0/qwk7ZEmPkIM/clip_image006%25255B13%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image006[13]" width="602" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Split a string (>_w@w`_ to >_w_@w_)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-jfiVkoiwMsY/UGaSGugsAiI/AAAAAAAAAm8/ZN2eUsX2LbA/s1600-h/clip_image008%25255B13%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image008[13]" border="0" height="388" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-33_jAeO6QcI/UGaSIQuH9cI/AAAAAAAAAnE/4xesh1jHDFc/clip_image008%25255B13%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image008[13]" width="602" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Reverse a string (>_w_ to >_w`_ where w` is the reverse of w)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-1s2UHr3Q97Y/UGaSJ21mczI/AAAAAAAAAnM/P11fFa9Ksdg/s1600-h/clip_image010%25255B13%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image010[13]" border="0" height="227" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-wIadca5SZ3c/UGaSL8p2IZI/AAAAAAAAAnU/S0u70sXeXEM/clip_image010%25255B13%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image010[13]" width="624" /></a></span></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-91645532219440630952012-09-23T19:55:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:25:17.592-07:00Operating System Fingerprinting<h3> Introduction to Cyber Security</h3><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-f9LtgssOip8/UF_M4QBrGFI/AAAAAAAAAlQ/0ozAF_DlsI8/s1600/os+finger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-f9LtgssOip8/UF_M4QBrGFI/AAAAAAAAAlQ/0ozAF_DlsI8/s200/os+finger.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>We use computers for everything from space investigation to shopping and communicating with friends through email or chat programs. Although you may not consider your communications much of a high confidential issue, you probably do not want strangers reading your email, using your computer to attack other systems, sending forged email from your computer, or examining personal information stored on your computer. <br />Intruders may not care about your identity. Often they want to gain control of your computer so they can use it to launch attacks on other computer systems. Having control of your computer, gives them the ability to hide their true identity as they launch attacks, often against high-profile computer systems such as government or financial systems. Even if you have, a computer connected to the Internet only to play games or to send emails to friends and family, your computer may be a target. <br />One of the many techniques used to compromise your computer by the attackers is Operating System Fingerprinting. Operating System (OS) fingerprinting is the process of learning what operating system is running on a target device. <br />According to Wikipedia, <br /><i>“TCP/IP stack fingerprinting (or OS fingerprinting) is the process in computing of determining the identity of a remote host’s operating system by analyzing packets from that host.”</i> <br /><i></i> <br /><h3>Why OS Fingerprinting?</h3><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Bs3J_yCffeM/UF_M3UzBljI/AAAAAAAAAlI/q5Q4O_bXkhU/s1600/images.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Bs3J_yCffeM/UF_M3UzBljI/AAAAAAAAAlI/q5Q4O_bXkhU/s320/images.jpg" width="320" /></a>When an attacker is trying to hack into any computer, he starts to gather information about the computer (target) as much as possible. Major Key information is the operating system the target is running on. As long as this information is not revealed, the attacker is limited in the variety of attacks, probes and exploits. Therefore the focus on initial information gathering is finding out the operating system. <br />There are several approaches to finding out the running operating system of an unknown host without having an account or any other way of logging in directly on this machine. Some of the many OS Fingerprinting techniques are; <br />1. Direct Banner Grabbing (Classical Fingerprinting) <br />2. Active IP Packet Fingerprinting <br />3. Passive IP Packet Fingerprinting <br /><b></b><br /><a name='more'></a><b><br /></b> <br /><h3>Classical Fingerprinting </h3>Even without using any automated techniques of any kind, hosts will often announce their OS to anyone making a connection to them through welcome banners or header information. For example, when connecting to a host via the standard Telnet protocol the OS version is often sent to the client as part of a welcome message. <br />Example from “Techniques in OS-Fingerprinting” by Nostromo: <br />In UNIX like platforms, when using Telnet Protocol; <br /><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-b01e0Rw_nuQ/UF_K8sGa-3I/AAAAAAAAAk4/yX_vJKwV_xs/s1600-h/clip_image001%25255B7%25255D%25255B3%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image001[7]" border="0" height="152" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-TesolbRBst8/UF_K9w65czI/AAAAAAAAAlA/9Q8tbjhhRF0/clip_image001%25255B7%25255D_thumb%25255B1%25255D.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image001[7]" width="552" /></a> <br />When analyzing the output a lot of information is revealed from the single line that was returned by the server. Now it is up to an attacker to find an exploit for this specific version of the Microsoft Exchange Server 2003.<br /><br /><h3>Active IP Packet Fingerprinting</h3>Active operating system fingerprinting is the method of actively determining a targeted network node’s underlying operating system by probing the targeted system with several packets and investigating the response. The traditional approach is to examine the TCP/IP stack behavior (IP, TCP, UDP, and ICMP protocols) of a targeted network element when probed with several legitimate packets. <br />We can automate this technique using “nmap” software tool. <br />According to “Techniques in OS-Fingerprinting” published by Nostromo; <br /><i>“</i><i>nmap begins its OS detection by sending an ICMP ping request to the target. Then it connects to port 80 (HTTP) to see if the target is responding and running at all. Then nmap does the actual portscan, searching for at least one open (an application listening and waiting for connections) and one closed (no application is listening on this specific port) port. To gain exact information about the underlying OS nmap sends several special crafted TCP packets and records the replies. It then makes a lookup in the OS-detection fingerprint file and detects the Operating System which the target is running on.”</i><br /><br /><h3><i></i>Passive IP Packet Fingerprinting</h3>Passive fingerprinting is based on sniffer traces from the remote system. Instead of actively querying the remote system, all it needs to do is capture packets sent from the remote system. Based on the sniffer traces of these packets, you can determine the operating system of the remote host. Just like in active fingerprinting, passive fingerprinting is based on the principle that every operating system's IP stack has its own individual characteristic. By analyzing sniffer traces and identifying these differences, you may be able determine the operating system of the remote host. <br />“Ettercap” is a package that is available for most common operating systems (Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and FreeBSD) which collects and dissects packets from a network. <br />According to Ettercap official web site (<a href="http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/">http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/</a>): <br /><i>“Ettercap is a suite for man in the middle attacks on LAN. It features sniffing of live connections, content filtering on the fly and many other interesting tricks. It supports active and passive dissection of many protocols (even ciphered ones) and includes many features for network and host analysis. ”</i><br /><br /><h3><i></i>Avoiding Fingerprinting</h3>“Every problem has a solution” this saying is true for our context, which is OS fingerprinting. There is always a risk of someone steeling your OS information, in the same time there is a mechanism of overcoming this problem. There are number of ways that we can avoid OS fingerprinting. <br />It is so easy to avoid classical fingerprinting (Daemon banner grabbing). Daemon banner grabbing happens through the welcome massage that applications use to send when starting a conversation. This problem can be solved by simple editing the welcome massage. In the same time, we can edit that in such a way that attacker get the wrong information and that information mislead him. Another technique is to provide the attacker with a long daemon banner and in the mean time track him. <br />This problem can also be solved by use of a firewall. Many firewall products now provide this functionality out of the box. Firewall software provides a language that allows responses to be crafted to particular packets, thus actively spoofing the target OS. <br />In the Sri Lankan context it is harder to do a (active) OS fingerprinting, as most of Sri Lankan systems using a NAT (Network Address translation) system, even though we use NAT as a system to overcome the limitation of IPv4 addresses this can be use as a security technique. When we are using NAT outsider do not have the direct access to our machine. In this scenario, the host’s network is typically given a ‘private’ network designation (10.0.0.0, or 192.168.0.0). An intelligent gateway accepts outgoing packets from hosts do the address translation, which will assign that packet a global IP and a new port. Upon return, the gateway transparently reinstates the original address and forwards the packet to the original host. This effectively makes all traffic to or from the network appears to be coming from the one node, making identification of hosts on the private network very difficult. <br />Always we have to keep updated with the technology, when there is a exploit in a OS, the manufacture tend to develop a patch to overcome that, so uses need to install them as soon as possible. <br />EX from “Techniques in OS-Fingerprinting” published by Nostromo: <br /><i>“IP Personality1 is a patch for Linux kernels of version 2.4, which modifies the characteristics of network traffic. Things that can be influenced are the TCP Initial Sequence Number, the TCP initial window size, the TCP options (their types, values and order in the packet), the IP ID numbers and answers to some pathological TCP packets. After applying this patch iptables has new targets that can be used in the mangle table. “</i><br /><br /><h3>The future of OS Fingerprinting<i></i></h3>A current focus of software development houses is one of computer security, with Microsoft launching its “Trustworthy Computing Initiative” (According to Trustworthy Computing Initiative”, Microsoft website) and many OS vendors initiating an automated patch download/update service. Examples include Microsoft’s Windows Automatic Update service included in Windows 2000 and onwards, and the Redhat Network service available via the up2date utility in Redhat Linux. These developments, coupled with the general improvement in the world’s cyber laws and prosecution rates, are slowly ‘raising the bar’ on cyber attacks. In this climate, general ‘script kiddy’ mass-scans may prove too dangerous or fruitless to pursue. <br />According to “An Overview of Remote Operating System Fingerprinting” by SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room, “The attacks of the future may be well directed and customized according to OS and services running on the target. This may be considered normal worm activity in the future.”<br /><br /><h3>Conclusion</h3>OS fingerprinting is a fascinating subject that is of interest to the security community. There are lot of techniques to do OS fingerprinting in the same time there are number of ways to overcome/avoid OS finger printing. Remote OS Fingerprinting is a recent development on the Internet and one to watch. The ability to remotely determine, with high accuracy, the Operating System of a remote host on the Internet is a powerful one. Even though it is limited to a certain part of users due to the lack of global IP addresses, this will rise with the new IPv6 addresses. In future, there will be extremely customized new attacks that will overcome all the barriers and will be harder to avoid. The general trend towards increasing penalties for being caught as the world’s cyber laws improve may also serve as a driver towards more refined attacks in the future. <br /><i>What we have to remember is that, this is like a race when hackers come up with a solution to avoid OS fingerprinting crackers come up with a counter technique; hackers again develop a counter counter technique that will avoid the new technique discovered by crackers. This cycle never ends. All what we have to do is knowing the most recent technology to deal with this.</i> <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-19335898688711684662012-09-23T19:41:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:41:28.472-07:00Programming Challenge - Tank Game - Part 1<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Q0iEbiv6caM/UF_HHBzKFeI/AAAAAAAAAkg/7cWoBKmeHOM/s1600/M3_2_Tanks.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="184" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Q0iEbiv6caM/UF_HHBzKFeI/AAAAAAAAAkg/7cWoBKmeHOM/s320/M3_2_Tanks.jpg" width="320" /></a>In this project we have to create a client program to communicate with a server and play the tank game. Five players will play at a given time in a map given by the server. The difference in this tank game is that the player of the client computer is not a human being but the client computer itself.<br />All the decision making of the players tank depends on the AI (Artificial intelligence) of the client. Therefore the AI development is of utmost importance in this project. Other than that a good user interface with some cool graphics is needed under the requirements of the client program.<br /><br /><h3>Game Rules</h3><br />The main purpose of this game is to gain more points than the his competitors. There are three methods to gain points in this tank game.<br /><br /><ul><li> Breaking bricks - Each time a shell (bullet) from a player damages a brick wall, a constant amount of points is added to the player’s point count.</li><li> Collecting coins - Coins will appear in the map for a certain amount of time. A player can take the coins buy moving on to the cell before the coins disappear.</li><li> Spoils of war - When a opponent get killed the coins will appear on the cell the opponent got killed. Any player who goes to that cell will get the coins but not necessarily the player who killed that player.</li></ul><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-N8iasZiPlfo/UF_HImCZTxI/AAAAAAAAAko/vX9CXZ-II68/s1600/us-army-tanks-have-digital-armor-pics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="193" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-N8iasZiPlfo/UF_HImCZTxI/AAAAAAAAAko/vX9CXZ-II68/s320/us-army-tanks-have-digital-armor-pics.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><h4>Health</h4>The health of the tank is initially set to 100%, for each bullet it takes it looses 10% of the health. By acquiring health packs which appear on the map randomly a player can improve its health.<br />A health pack improve the health of a player by 20% of its health. there is no upper bound for the health of the player.<br /><br /><a name='more'></a><br /><h4>Killing</h4>When a player kills one of its opponents 25% of the points of the opponent will be added to the players points.<br /><br />If a player tries to move over water it will get killed, but the coins will not appear in the map when this happen.<br />When a player hit an obstacle a fixed amount of points will be deducted. if the player continuously loose points.. <br /><br /><h3>Server and Its massage protocol</h3>Server is written in C# language. And it listens to clients on port 6000 and send messages to client from port 7000.<br /><h4>Game Server API</h4>One request per second is allowed by the server. If more than one command is send within a minute it will respond with error message.<br /><br /><b>JOIN#</b> -client has to issue this command to get connected to the sever to play the game. The server will reply appropriately to this as follows.<br /><br />Join accepted message - If the request is granted the server will send a message informing the player position of the map and the map details (game initiation message).<br /><br /><br />Player position message: Then a massage containing all player positions will be sent if it was a successful join. If not one of the following will be sent.<br /><br /><b>PLAYERS_FULL#</b> - If the server already has five players connected then this message will be send to inform that the request was rejected<br /><br /><b>ALREADY _ADDED# </b>- When a client sends multiple JOIN# requests from the same IP when the client is already in the game.<br /><br /><b>GAME_ALREADY _STARTED#</b> - if a client try to join a game that has already begun the server will reply with this message.<br /><br /><h4>Directional Commands</h4><br /><br /><b>UP#</b> - This will turn the tank in the direction of north if its facing another direction, if not it will move one block in the direction of north, given that there are no obstacles in that direction.<br /><br /><b>DOWN#</b> - This will turn the tank in the direction of south if its facing another direction if not it will move one block in the direction of south, given that there are no obstacles in that direction.<br /><br /><b>LEFT#</b> - This will turn the tank in the direction of west if its facing another direction if not it will move one block in the direction of west, given that there are no obstacles in that direction.<br /><br /><b>RIGHT#</b> - This will turn the tank in the direction of east if its facing another direction if not it will move one block in the direction of east, given that there are no obstacles in that direction.<br /><br /><b>SHOOT#</b> - This command will shoot a bullet in the direction the tank is facing.<br /><br />Messages Send by the server in response to the commands made by the client<br /><br /><b>OBSTACLE#</b> - If you a client tries to go to a cell occupied by an obstacle (brick or stone) this error message will be given by the server.<br /><br /><b>CELL_OCCUPIED# </b>- If a client give direction to move to a cell which is occupied by opponent this error message will be given.<br /><br /><b>DEAD#</b> - if a client request for any action after it is dead this error message will be given by the server.<br /><br /><b>TOO_QUICK#</b> - If a client gives multiple commands within a second this error will be given by the server.<br /><br /><b>INVALID_CELL#</b> - If the client tries to move out of the map this error message will be given by the server.<br /><br /><b>GAME_HAS_FINISHED#</b> - After all the players are dead or the allotted time of the game is expired this message will be transmitted by the server to all the clients.<br /><b><br />GAME_NOT_STARTED_YET#</b> - If a client request for any game specific commands such as SHOOT#, UP# before the game is started this error message will be given buy the server.<br /><br /><b>NOT_A_VALID_CONTESTANT#</b> - If a client who is not eligible to play the game, who is not assigned a player number, request player specific tasks from the server this error will be made by the server.<br /><br />In Part 2 I will bring you the real implementation of this Game, And how we developed the AI.Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-4224748886811097462012-09-23T00:10:00.003-07:002012-09-23T00:10:33.494-07:00Get the Maximum out of Windows 7 Task Manager<br>
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<img alt="image" border="0" height="283" src="http://www.howtogeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/image84.png" style="background-image: none; border: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="image" width="650"></div>
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The
Windows Task Manager is often used for troubleshooting – perhaps
closing an application that isn’t working properly or monitoring system
resource usage. However, there’s a lot more you can do with Windows 7’s
Task Manager.</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 0px;">
To quickly open the Task Manager, right-click your taskbar and select Start Task Manager.</div>
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Send a Message To Another Logged In User</h3>
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From
the Users tab in the Task Manager, you can see which users are
currently logged into your computer. These can be either remote
connections or locked local sessions.</div>
<div style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px; margin-bottom: 20px; margin-top: 20px; padding: 0px;">
You
can also send a message to another logged in user from here – just
select the user and click Send Message. If the user is currently using
the computer, a message box with your message will pop up on their
desktop.</div>
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<img alt="" border="" class="lazyLoad" height="564" src="http://www.howtogeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/image85.png" style="background-image: none; border: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="image" width="530"></div>
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</h3></div><a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/09/get-maximum-out-of-windows-7-task.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-48057466166468288292012-09-22T19:26:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:25:17.607-07:00How agile software development methods sync with Agile Manifesto<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Qg5cA5gn_P4/UF50NXSoHnI/AAAAAAAAAkQ/Tm_RRrxc94A/s1600/agiledevelopmentprocess1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Qg5cA5gn_P4/UF50NXSoHnI/AAAAAAAAAkQ/Tm_RRrxc94A/s1600/agiledevelopmentprocess1.gif" /></a></div><h3>Agile Manifesto </h3>Individuals and interactions over processes and tools<br />Working software over comprehensive documentation<br />Customer collaboration over contract negotiation<br />Responding to change over following a plan<br /><br /><br /><h3>Examples of agile software development methods</h3><h4>1. Extreme programming</h4>Extreme Programming (XP) has evolved from the problems caused by the long development cycles of traditional development models. It is composed with five phases (Exploration, Planning, Release, Productionizing, Maintenance, and Death). This method is famous for short iterations (even may be couple of iterations per day) pair programming and often interaction with the customer.<br />Reference:<br />http://www.extremeprogramming.org/rules.html<br />Agile software development methods Review and analysis by Pekka Abrahamsson, Outi Salo & Jussi Ronkainen Viri Electronics Juhani Warsta - University of Oulu<br /><br /><h4>2. Scrum</h4><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JQseX0ML6r0/UF50Mcr3NLI/AAAAAAAAAkI/yd-TTIaqSSs/s1600/agile-scrum-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="406" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JQseX0ML6r0/UF50Mcr3NLI/AAAAAAAAAkI/yd-TTIaqSSs/s640/agile-scrum-1.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>Getting lot of terminology form rugby, this concentrates on putting out a release. The Scrum development process concentrates on organization sprints. Prior to each sprint begins, the group plans the sprint, identifying the backlog items and assigning sets of programmers to these items. Teams develop, wrap, review, and adjust each of the backlog items. Scrum talks about roles like scrum master, product owner, scrum team, customer, management.<br />Reference:<br />http://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/topics/scrum<br />http://scrummethodology.com/<br />An Introduction to Agile Software Development - Serena<br /><br /><h4>3. Feature Driven Development (FFD)</h4>Each of before methods had some difficulties with large project, as a solution FFD comes in. while just as applicable for small teams, Jeff designed FDD from the ground up to work for a larger team. Composed with five steps they are Develop an overall model, Build a features list, Plan by feature, Design by feature, Build by feature.<br />Reference: <br />http://agile.dzone.com/articles/introduction-feature-driven<br />http://infolific.com/technology/methodologies/feature-driven-development/<br />http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_Driven_Development<br /><br /><a name='more'></a><br /><h3>How They sync with Agile Manifesto</h3> Here will explain it using 3rd, and 4th points in agile manifesto. <br /><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> 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table.MsoTableLightShadingAccent3OddRow {mso-style-name:"Light Shading - Accent 3"; mso-table-condition:odd-row; mso-style-priority:60; mso-style-unhide:no; mso-tstyle-shading:#E6EED5; mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent3; mso-tstyle-shading-themetint:63; mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none; mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;} </style><![endif]--> <br /><table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoTableLightShadingAccent3" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-top-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-top-themecolor: accent3; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184;"> <tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: -1;"> <td style="background: white; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.95in;" valign="top" width="187"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 5; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div></td> <td style="background: #E9FFAB; border-left: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 167.75pt;" valign="top" width="224"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-indent: 0in;"><b><span style="color: #76923c; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">Customer collaboration over contract negotiation</span></b></div></td> <td style="background: #E9FFAB; border-left: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 154.1pt;" valign="top" width="205"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-indent: 0in;"><b><span style="color: #76923c; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">Responding to change over following a plan</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 1; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div></td> </tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 0;"> <td style="background: #E9FFAB; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.95in;" valign="top" width="187"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-indent: 0in;"><b><span style="color: #76923c; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">Extreme Programming</span></b></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 167.75pt;" valign="top" width="224"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">We know that there is lot of iterations in the extreme programming. After each of this iteration, there is a small release. This is in order to get the customer feedback. Otherwise, there is no use of doing it in such a small chunks.</span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 154.1pt;" valign="top" width="205"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Keeping ever release small and having stand up meetings allow changes to occur. Avoids lot of up front design and over design.</span></div></td> </tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;"> <td style="background: white; border-bottom: none; border-left: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: background1; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.95in;" valign="top" width="187"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 4; text-indent: 0in;"><b><span style="color: #76923c; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">Scrum</span></b></div></td> <td style="border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 167.75pt;" valign="top" width="224"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">In scrum, we have a project owner role, which is selected by scrum master, customer and management. He has the responsibility of taking final decisions. So there we can see the customer collaboration.</span></div></td> <td style="border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border: none; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 154.1pt;" valign="top" width="205"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Project owner can edit and re-prioritize product backlog at anytime. If there is a change sprint can be terminated or system can be tweaked midway of a sprint.</span></div></td> </tr><tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;"> <td style="background: #E9FFAB; border-top: none; border: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.95in;" valign="top" width="187"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 68; text-indent: 0in;"><b><span style="color: #76923c; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;">Future Driven Development</span></b></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 167.75pt;" valign="top" width="224"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Regular builds ensure there is always an up to date system that can be demonstrated to the client and helps highlighting integration errors of source code for the features early.</span></div></td> <td style="background: #E6EED5; border-bottom: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-background-themecolor: accent3; mso-background-themetint: 63; mso-border-bottom-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-left-alt: solid #9BBB59 1.0pt; mso-border-left-themecolor: accent3; mso-border-right-themecolor: accent3; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 154.1pt;" valign="top" width="205"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; mso-yfti-cnfc: 64; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Regular builds helps highlighting integration errors of source code for the features early, and it means it allow changes.</span><span style="color: #76923c; mso-themecolor: accent3; mso-themeshade: 191;"> </span><span style="color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;">Developing by Feature makes it easier to deliver correct functions and to extend or modify the system.</span></div></td> </tr></tbody></table><br />Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-26588821290225427072012-09-21T20:48:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:41:28.474-07:00UI Designs DOs and DON’Ts with Examples<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 15pt;">Examples of user interface bad practices.</span></span><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><h2 style="margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 13pt;">CSE.lk</span></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">If you go to CSE site(</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.cse.lk/welcome.htm"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;"><u>http://www.cse.lk/welcome.htm</u></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">) any state look up need a ‘my cse’ account and if you go to their home page you may see that there is a place to sign in to their account, but it is very hard to find where to start a account. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">They should place it at the top.</span></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="height: 81px; margin-left: 464px; margin-top: 449px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 224px; z-index: 3;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td bgcolor="white" height="81" style="background: white; border-bottom: black 0.75pt solid; border-left: black 0.75pt solid; border-right: black 0.75pt solid; border-top: black 0.75pt solid; vertical-align: top;" width="224"><span style="mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; z-index: 3;"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%px;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="shape" style="padding-bottom: 4.35pt; padding-left: 7.95pt; padding-right: 7.95pt; padding-top: 4.35pt;"><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">This is where you find a place to sign up, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">right at the bottom and hidden from all</b>.</span></span></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></span><span style="height: 35px; margin-left: 427px; margin-top: 443px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 126px; z-index: 2;"><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-Jjjl4shemi0/UF0y2SmH2fI/AAAAAAAAAfM/yvJz02_82QU/s1600-h/clip_image001%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image001[4]" border="0" height="35" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-93TFUrPP6gI/UF0y3YEeBhI/AAAAAAAAAfU/8sLyIxNIzwo/clip_image001%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image001[4]" width="126" /></a></span><span style="height: 92px; margin-left: 165px; margin-top: 400px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 252px; z-index: 1;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-m5r5F8iKJjU/UF0y4sZbhAI/AAAAAAAAAfc/BP3WQcFCcSE/s1600-h/clip_image002%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image002[4]" border="0" height="92" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-jMSBqQlGMGk/UF0y516GplI/AAAAAAAAAfk/nbkZtCO6C48/clip_image002%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image002[4]" width="252" /></a></span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-o5QRUQDhDzY/UF0y72lGkGI/AAAAAAAAAfs/56aFx19siko/s1600-h/clip_image004%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image004[4]" border="0" height="572" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-8b2uSCop3aI/UF0y-5NB8oI/AAAAAAAAAf0/Q5ZAAaGtQ1Y/clip_image004%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image004[4]" width="525" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">When you click there, you are directed to another page .There you find following currently unavailable massage. That massage is also not meeting the specification. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">They should emphasize more on the color on the heading so it will get more attention.</span></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-p9XQIu6Cl1Y/UF0zBZ56yRI/AAAAAAAAAf8/nl-cRNcZLOc/s1600-h/clip_image006%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image006[4]" border="0" height="335" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-ab77dfhL3cE/UF0zD1i0DxI/AAAAAAAAAgE/ODGDyt3ZWAc/clip_image006%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image006[4]" width="585" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Just blow that same page you find a “Sign Up” button again, which do not give a respond at all. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">At least it should give a same error massage again. Best possible way is to remove that icon temporary from that page.</span></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-L-G51ZYasJ0/UF0zFdLqZNI/AAAAAAAAAgM/w6o1Jb75UQI/s1600-h/clip_image008%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image008[4]" border="0" height="166" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-Cztm6R8dAL0/UF0zGiYopRI/AAAAAAAAAgU/wj5duDYGokc/clip_image008%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image008[4]" width="532" /></a></span></div><span style="line-height: normal; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br /><a name='more'></a><span style="line-height: normal; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /></span> <br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></div><h2 style="margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 13pt;">transparency.lk</span></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Go to URL(</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.transparency.lk/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;"><u>http://www.transparency.lk/</u></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">) and you will be at their home page.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="height: 140px; margin-left: 225px; margin-top: 37px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 31px; z-index: 4;"><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-o4tAU_UDnts/UF0zHyOTUJI/AAAAAAAAAgc/kylpiwgrWU8/s1600-h/clip_image009%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image009[4]" border="0" height="140" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-fizcC0YjPLo/UF0zJDochmI/AAAAAAAAAgk/ocqtljVmA2A/clip_image009%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image009[4]" width="31" /></a></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">I must tell you that this site is actually a good one but there was a highly annoying bad UI design with banners, which was rotating right up the page.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-JLcmZKbAGzQ/UF0zLWRvu7I/AAAAAAAAAgs/we1pSq3kBpA/s1600-h/clip_image011%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image011[4]" border="0" height="351" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-CuepWyA1pEY/UF0zNoyOVfI/AAAAAAAAAg0/OsTkpdj1ps4/clip_image011%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image011[4]" width="624" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">Each banner is designed in such a way that user feels that they are clickable.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="height: 39px; margin-left: 470px; margin-top: 116px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 92px; z-index: 5;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-HWK3u-IGOVc/UF0zOnqj32I/AAAAAAAAAg8/IhkjpqKpcnU/s1600-h/clip_image012%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image012[4]" border="0" height="39" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-xgGiPeqzCJw/UF0zQB1gvkI/AAAAAAAAAhE/qur_2cO0sLA/clip_image012%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image012[4]" width="92" /></a></span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-cnrphtr4fT8/UF0zSFbVkAI/AAAAAAAAAhM/Ck4q3hFMM9w/s1600-h/clip_image014%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image014[4]" border="0" height="163" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-nDP5TOC-EzE/UF0zUDasKXI/AAAAAAAAAhU/bV2U4qNo3rc/clip_image014%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image014[4]" width="624" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="height: 26px; margin-left: 575px; margin-top: 106px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 61px; z-index: 6;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-bdYAJfiZjDg/UF0zVO1NMSI/AAAAAAAAAhY/QwEoymPpOJI/s1600-h/clip_image015%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image015[4]" border="0" height="26" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-AFgpmLdJNN4/UF0zWJF98aI/AAAAAAAAAhg/1kyPyU8ulOk/clip_image015%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image015[4]" width="61" /></a></span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-pK2MPiN7QEw/UF0zXY7BH2I/AAAAAAAAAhs/d8IaRMYDD4s/s1600-h/clip_image017%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image017[4]" border="0" height="145" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-9t6FdiLPBXY/UF0zY9lpAnI/AAAAAAAAAh0/cqKFGwTBlVA/clip_image017%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image017[4]" width="624" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">However, there do not respond at all. So what is the solution for that? Either they have to design those banners again or they have to design them to lead users to right place</span></span></b></div><h2 style="margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 13pt;">keellssuper.lk</span></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">This is a worst one I saw when I was searching through the internet. It is like a full mess, lot of things all over the place and cannot find anything.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-rNwjY0MvPxg/UF0zbeGeufI/AAAAAAAAAh8/TG6IflYKnqk/s1600-h/clip_image019%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image019[4]" border="0" height="434" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-6kAZ792bycU/UF0zd2j2kOI/AAAAAAAAAiE/u3yjlqBRJPY/clip_image019%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image019[4]" width="623" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">I have marked there lot of components doing various thing, in various shapes colours, font sizes and it violated lot of good practices which are listed below. </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Therefore, to improve the site they have to re-design their site according to below best practices </span></b></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">(Reference: </span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://ergo.human.cornell.edu/AHTutorials/interface.html"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;"><u>http://ergo.human.cornell.edu/AHTutorials/interface.html</u></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">)</span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Certain aspects of an interface should behave in consistent ways at all times for all screens</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Organize data fields to match user expectations, or to organize user input</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Do not use more than four different font sizes per screen</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Do not use more than four different colors on a screen</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">On text, screens do not use more than three fonts on a single screen</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Use a balanced screen layout - do not put too much information at the top of the screen - try to balance information in each screen quadrant</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Use plenty of 'white space' around text blocks - use at least 50% white space for text screens</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Group information logically</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">In the best case, they can accommodate user preferences by allowing some degree of customization of screen layout, appearance, icons etc.</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><span style="line-height: normal; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /></span> <br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></div><h3><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 15pt;">Examples of user interface good practices.</span></span></h3><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><h2 style="margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 13pt;">mountlaviniahotel.lk</span></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Go to their home page (</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.mountlaviniahotel.lk/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;"><u>http://www.mountlaviniahotel.lk/</u></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">) and at the top try to do a reservation and then click proceed. If you do that, you will find that it is there main purpose using the web site and they have just placed reservation function in the ideal place. In addition, if you click in the date place it gives you a calendar that makes It much easy (same with the other fields). </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="height: 166px; margin-left: 212px; margin-top: 46px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 250px; z-index: 7;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-YyjFY9Gd_CI/UF0ze2aM3JI/AAAAAAAAAiM/O9FsRGc6owQ/s1600-h/clip_image020%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image020[4]" border="0" height="166" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-x03Nr6cIBqY/UF0zf1BxFcI/AAAAAAAAAiU/rsODWPEo8W4/clip_image020%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image020[4]" width="250" /></a></span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-IdLt9Yn3jSo/UF0ziC7hNwI/AAAAAAAAAic/DfhW_QOBHzY/s1600-h/clip_image022%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image022[4]" border="0" height="485" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-B_ln_nSn25s/UF0zkQ6baxI/AAAAAAAAAik/ARPSwUqUqJk/clip_image022%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image022[4]" width="623" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">After selecting the values and if you press ‘proceed’, you will get a error massage telling what parts are missing (if you didn’t fill any required field). If not you will be getting screen like below</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-3CF5TcVaGRE/UF0zmsjnvQI/AAAAAAAAAis/rlsdYf44WtQ/s1600-h/clip_image024%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image024[4]" border="0" height="340" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-ylk3nmBxq2k/UF0zo_h3CiI/AAAAAAAAAi0/U485DmUQmYQ/clip_image024%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image024[4]" width="624" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">As you can see, there is very simple design. They have got 2 things right here</span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Break complex tasks into simpler tasks</span></span></span></div><div align="justify" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: symbol;"><span style="mso-list: ignore;"><span style="font-family: Symbol;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">·</span></span><span style="line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 7pt;"> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Break long sequences into separate steps</span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">They have 4 simple steps and they show that in the corner, giving the user the filling of this is not a long form. At the most right of the page as I have boxed they show a summary of what we have filled up to now. Therefore, if there is any mistake you can go back and correct that.</span></span></div><span style="line-height: normal; mso-ansi-language: en-us; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-language: ar-sa; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: en-us; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /></span> <br /><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></div><h2 style="margin: 10pt 0in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: #17365d; font-size: 13pt;">odel.lk</span></span></h2><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Another great site I saw in the search of good .lk sites. This has lot of good things that make this a good UI. Go to their home page (</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><a href="http://www.odel.lk/"><span style="color: blue; font-family: Calibri;"><u>http://www.odel.lk</u></span></a></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">)</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="height: 41px; margin-left: 125px; margin-top: 80px; mso-ignore: vglayout; position: absolute; width: 469px; z-index: 8;"><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/--dVwfYS8lUQ/UF0zpzvNBVI/AAAAAAAAAi8/NFyltfTL0ps/s1600-h/clip_image025%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.gif"><img alt="clip_image025[4]" border="0" height="41" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/--5IQ2Pmjjj4/UF0zrLuG5NI/AAAAAAAAAjE/KnkibgLuSGU/clip_image025%25255B4%25255D_thumb.gif?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image025[4]" width="469" /></a></span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-jGF983GojKQ/UF0ztMqan0I/AAAAAAAAAjM/9so6BUbfu9Y/s1600-h/clip_image027%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image027[4]" border="0" height="351" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-cn62Ll4CUgo/UF0zvP_0wFI/AAAAAAAAAjU/Ttiw3VUOvdg/clip_image027%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image027[4]" width="624" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">As I have boxed, there is a very easy navigation that covers whole site. Main things that I see in this site are <b>Consistency, simplicity ease of use</b></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">. If you go MEN > T-shirts in the main menu, you will be directed to following page.</span></span></span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-hr1q5H5P3UE/UF0zxdJR-PI/AAAAAAAAAjc/nuMo68jV8B4/s1600-h/clip_image029%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image029[4]" border="0" height="419" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-kx3ZzLKuavg/UF0zzUFJ2NI/AAAAAAAAAjk/mmFmL2DJ9dY/clip_image029%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image029[4]" width="624" /></a></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">I have boxed a part that they allow you to choose what you need and they filter the results according to our choice. The Banner “Mens T-Shirts” helps you to find where you are. If you go to any other page, they are also similar to this, which shows the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">consistency. </b>Just click on a product to add that to you cart or to find more information.</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-c7jVnrriOlw/UF0z1YIaXNI/AAAAAAAAAjs/U1c_ugjRjm4/s1600-h/clip_image031%25255B4%25255D%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image031[4]" border="0" height="420" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-0EiGd47g5Dc/UF0z30k4B7I/AAAAAAAAAj0/qllBJ2uc9Gw/clip_image031%25255B4%25255D_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image031[4]" width="624" /></a></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 11pt;">At the right of the screen you get a short summery of the product and in left you get couple of screen shorts that give all the information in a one view. Just great!</span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><br /></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-33402412425917648372012-09-17T10:04:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:41:28.475-07:00Step in to the cloud<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> 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table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style><![endif]--> <br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DMmhj3boAXk/UFdXhqfjUkI/AAAAAAAAAdw/FSyD6JSNAbA/s1600/ccc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-DMmhj3boAXk/UFdXhqfjUkI/AAAAAAAAAdw/FSyD6JSNAbA/s320/ccc.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><div class="MsoNormal">Going through the eras of mainframes, personal computers, server-client computing and the web, we have come to the 5<sup>th</sup>generation of computing “The Era of Cloud Computing.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With an estimated $42 billion i<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">nfrastructure-</span>market in 2012, “cloud computing” has become the biggest trend on the web. Today, cloud computing has become a popular topic due to its everyday use by almost all internet users. Anyone using Gmail, Facebook, Blogger, Flicker, Amazon, etc. uses cloud computing. As a result of daily use by everybody, knowledge of cloud computing has been added to the “basic requirement set” that every internet user must have. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this article we will walk you through the basics, pros and cons of cloud computing.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UNUduPQm1EY/UFdXgf45n7I/AAAAAAAAAdo/WD3coCD5AmI/s1600/605px-Cloud_computing_svg.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="222" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-UNUduPQm1EY/UFdXgf45n7I/AAAAAAAAAdo/WD3coCD5AmI/s320/605px-Cloud_computing_svg.png" width="320" /></a>At the abstract level, “cloud computing” refers to the supply of scalable, reliable, maintainable and flexible IT resources over the Internet. From an initial dependence on local resources, today we are moving towards networked resources. Why are people so eager to move into cloud computing? The easy answer would be its simplicity and cost effectiveness. Today, all companies irrespective of their size need business “apps,” which are normally too expensive<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>because such apps require servers, networks, cooling, power, office space, supporting apps, and a team of hired people to configure them. Further, they have to maintain this support throughout the system’s lifetime. When the business becomes larger and larger, this maintenance becomes a complete headache. </div><a name='more'></a><br /> <div class="MsoNormal">Cloud computing gives us solutions to the problem of support and maintenance by providing us with applications and services, as well as the infrastructure within which we can operate. With cloud computing you need nothing but a computer and a connection: connect to the network and start using the app, with a simple “plug and play” concept. By deploying IT infrastructure and services over the network, an organization can purchase these resources on an as-needed basis and avoid the capital costs of software and hardware.<span style="color: black; font-family: "Gotham Book","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.5pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Gotham Book";"> </span>With cloud computing, organizations can monitor current needs and make on-the-fly adjustments to increase or decrease capacity, accommodating spikes in demand without paying for unused capacity during slower times. Most importantly, with cloud computing you are freed from maintenance costs.</div><div class="MsoNormal">As always, technologies are not perfect, nor is cloud computing. With the rise in the use of cloud computing, several concerns came in to the picture. One of the main concerns is “Data Security.” The “cloud” should be trustable in terms of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. In addition, latency can be a problem with some applications. A user might not find the most suitable application for them, in the “cloud.” If the user has to switch to some other service provider, there are often migration issues since it is not easy to transfer huge amounts of data from one provider to another.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Many of these problems will one day be resolved with improved storage and network technologies. In addition, we can expect more use of cloud computing in the future. Mobile devices will become much smaller and will depend entirely on the “cloud.” People will learn to trust the “cloud” and one day you might not even have a hard disk in your laptop… <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We are walking towards a world that depends on cloud computing. This simple concept will have a huge impact on your future life.</div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-1394828487314937632012-09-16T10:32:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:41:28.471-07:00Lanka Trip Planner White Paper<!--[if !mso]><style>v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} </style><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> 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Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]><style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"Iskoola Pota"; mso-bidi-language:SI-LK;} </style><![endif]--> <h4 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><a href="http://www.mediafire.com/?l0n25fuj9aobbfe" target="_blank"><span style="color: black;">DOWNLOAD as PDF </span></a></span></h4><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span>1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>ABSTRACT</h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="Abstract"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Finding a solution for a problem using Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be viewed as a systematic search through a range of possible actions in order to reach the predefined goal or solution. Problem solving by using various searching algorithms is a common technique in AI. In this research paper, an approach taken to implement a trip planner using search algorithms of AI is discussed. Travel planning is a very complex & important task in day today life. Paper discusses why trip planning is hard? In addition, how planning process can be improved using AI technologies. Implementation detail of the application, Challenges faced in the implantation process and how researchers overcame those are also discussed. Future works that are planned to done in this field and the benefits of that constraint based travel planner are also highlighted in the paper. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Categories and Subject Descriptors</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">I.2.5 [<b>Artificial Intelligence</b>]:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Programming Languages and Software - </span><em><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "Verdana","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Expert system tools and techniques.</span></em><i><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"> </span></i></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">General Terms</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Algorithms, Performance, Design</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Keywords</span></b><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Artificial intelligence, Travel planning</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><br /></div><a name='more'></a><br /> <h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">INTRODUCTION</span></h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Sri Lanka is a beautiful country with many places that attract tourists. Planning a trip manually to visit some of these places is a harder job than it seems, because it requires detailed knowledge in several areas like distances between places, road conditions, food supply, accommodation etc. Planning process become more complicated as the factors like mode of transportation, number of participants, preferences of participants etc. begin to vary. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">To ease the process of trip planning to some extent, automated software is created using AI technologies where users can input their preferences like starting town, trip duration, preferred sites and the software will plan the best route for the user based on preferences. To carry out this process efficiently application’s agent has to know the correct distances between places on the map, level of tourist attraction to a particular place, places to get accommodation facilities and food and an efficient algorithm to compute the best path for the user.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">In the next section of the paper describes background of this problem explaining problem description, current solutions, and existing resources.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The implementation details are described next explaining user Interfaces, algorithm used and data Stores. After that, problem and challenges faces in the process are described along with the ways used to tackle those. Before the conclusion, future works that are expected to do and ways to improve the software are described.</span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>BACKGROUND</h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.1<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Problem Definition</h2><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Trip planning is a hard job because it requires detailed knowledge about distances between places, road conditions, alternate routes, time to be spent at a particular site, food supply, accommodation, amount of money to be expended on tickets and booking services. Process of planning becomes even complicated when varying factors like mode of transportation, possible delays in travelling due to traffic or natural reasons, weather conditions, number of participants, preferences of participants are taken in to consideration. If we look at this problem in a more generic mathematical perspective, it is observed that this problem easily maps to the generic Travelling Salesmen Problem (TSP). Since TSP is a NP-Complete problem, we cannot find the optimal solution for this problem. Therefore, the planning has to be done with a sub optimal solution that will take us to the optimal solution as close as possible. </span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.2<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Current Solutions</h2><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Currently only available solution to tackle the problem of trip planning is to plan the trip manually. For the manual planning information can be taken from road maps, other people’s experiences, weather reports, timetables of transportation services etc. For example, Google maps can be pointed as a valuable resource for manual trip planning. As other valuable resources web sites like “lakdasun”<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"> (1) </span>where people can share their experiences with others about trips they went, Sri Lanka Railways’ online train timetable and ticket booking service can be pointed out. Information gathered from these resources play a vital role when creating the knowledge base of the new software as it helps application to come up with best route possible with data that are more accurate. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.3<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Available Resources</h2><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">As this new software is implemented using java programming language several existing data structures, file reading APIs and inbuilt UI components are used. For example as the application uses xml files to store core data for processing java xml libraries were used to access data in xml files. Using java xml libraries for this operation is much easier than implementing a way to read data from generic file reading methods. In the implementation, section of the paper it will be explained more about how existing resources are utilized to successfully implement the software and the advantages gained by using those resources.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">It is observed that there are some software solutions created to address this problem in other countries both on line and off line. <span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(2)<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(3)</span>Main problematic design decisions to take when developing a trip planner application are</span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: left; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Selecting a method to store persistence data</span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: left; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Selecting a suitable algorithm to compute path </span></div><div align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-align: left; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">How to manage data inside the program for computation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Details about how these problems are tackled are described in the later sections “Implementation” and “Problems & Challenges”</span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">IMPLEMENTATION</span></h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.1<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Functionality</h2><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Our system is not only giving the route of cities which traveler need to travel but also our system is capable of giving rough schedule of the journey. User can enter the preferred locations which traveler needs to travel through his journey. Afterwards user ask to enter the departure time, journey days, arrival time and meal preferences whether traveler likes to get regular meals in a visiting place or a well-known meal taking place. Possible route is giving by considering user-preferred locations. After getting route, our system is capable of generating possible rough plan for the journey. Our AI is planning travel by day by day. For a day, traveler visits several places and travel between cities. Our AI is considering the travelling times between cities, time for taking meals and time for visiting locations to plan the day schedule. This is an also hard task for AI. This becomes harder because we take several traveler preferences to schedule the day plan. Planning for day includes arranging the order of visiting location along with providing suggestions for breakfast, lunch and evening tea whiles considering the traveler preferences. If travel takes more than one day, our AI is providing suggestions for staying for the day which traveler needs to stay. When planning the day schedule, it is not possible to meet all the traveler preferences. As an example, consider the situation where algorithm is indicate<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>traveler travelling between cities when user specify that he wants to get meal at a visiting location at that time. It’s not possible because traveler travel between the cities but user specify that he need to have a meal at around that time at a visiting<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>location. Therefore, our AI is dealing it by indicating user that it is not possible to meet with that requirement while providing a suggestions for location for taking meals. Generating rough schedule is helpful for traveler in order to get understand about the travel order, which is more beneficial for a traveler. Our algorithm is capable of suggesting visiting locations, which can be visit through the journey, but traveler not specified it. This option is also more helpful for a traveler to know the places, which are passing through the travel. Then traveler can be adjusting the travel route by considering the locations, which are suggested by our algorithm. There are many constraints to planning the schedule, for an AI its need to be gradually developed. In our AI, we address many issues but it is not the prefect. Further, anyone can improve the efficiency of the planning algorithm.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.2<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Implementation Detail</h2><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">In our trip planner algorithm, we mainly use a variation of the<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(4)</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(5)</span>. Here mainly algorithm runs using a list of places, a finished list, and an open list, as used in a normal BFS search. Here the difference happens, in how we used BFS. </span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Let us start with the methods used here one by one. The main method we use here is the ‘get route’ method what this do is, given a set of preferred places and the starting place id it returns the route, that the user should follow in a integer array.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This ‘get route’ method uses other supporting methods to find the route. As an example, this ‘get route’ method uses ‘get neighbors’ method to get all neighbors to a node.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It uses ‘get all neighbors’ to get neighbors of the nodes in the open list. I am not going to explain where and why those methods are used, in this research paper (please refer to the code in order to get a perfect idea of how it is working). If I simply go through the main algorithm, it takes the neighbors of the starting node and then neighbors of newfound nodes until it find a preferred place (a place where user wants to visit). When it find a preferred place algorithm will generate a sub-route to that place form the starting place. Algorithm will continue taking the found preferred place as a starting point. Found preferred place will be removed from the preferred place list. This will happen in a greedy manner until all the preferred places are finished.</span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">It is clear that this is not the optimal way of doing this. After all this is a NP-complete problem, so it is not a good idea to try to find an optimal solution for this problem. Therefore, our target is clear we have to find a sub-optimal solution that will take us to the optimal solution as close as possible. I looked at the existing algorithms that can solve this kind of problems. Two problems that was similar (not similar enough though) to our problem are, ‘Traveling Salesman Problem’<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(6)</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(7)</span><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(8)</span> and ‘Traveling Purchases Problem’<span style="mso-no-proof: yes;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(9)</span>. While this gave us lot of thinking around our problem, those had lot of limitations that made it hard to use the existing solutions for our purpose. As an example, we can find that in ‘travelling salesman problem’ salesperson cannot travel via same city twice, which is not a problem in our scenario. In addition, if we look into ‘travelling Purchases problem’ we cannot find enough details on the web so that we can relate it to our problem. Considering those limitations in the existing problem, we thought of going towards a solution that will search for a travel route in a greedy manner.</span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.3<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>User Interface</h2><div class="MsoNormal">User will navigate through 3 main UI panels before coming into the final result of his journey. In the first panel, he will be asked to provide his preferences to the system. After selecting the preferred places user is asked to define time constrains, and meal taking constrains. After user provides all those details, we give him a full look of all the details he provided. With one click, he will be navigated to the result page.</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">User interface is one of major critical part in our system. User interaction is achieved through the User interface. We are providing several user interfaces, which are easy to understand, and highly user friendly. First user is providing an interface to select preferred locations. In this user interface, traveler needs to indicate the starting location of the journey. User can view locations, which are in a particular city and select preferred locations in that city. Until traveler adds all preferred locations in the city, traveler will not be able to see the visiting locations of another city.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Traveler need to add all the visiting locations in a city, which are preferred to visit during the travel. Through user interface user can see currently added visiting places. After finishing the selecting visiting locations, user will directed to another user interface, which need to be filled by the user. All interfaces are design in a way that reducing user typing by having combo boxes. This user interface user need to enter the journey days, departure time of the journey and the arrival time. Then user asks to selecting meal preferences during the travel. User can give an approximate time, which he prefers to take each regular meal. Along with time, user can specify he likes to take meal during the journey (visiting place) or a well-known meal-taking place (E.g.-restaurant) for taking meals. All these inputs are getting through user interface components such as combo boxes and check boxes, which are more user friendly for the user.</span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 11;"> </span>After providing the inputs by user, next window shows entire user preferences list. This user interface generated in order to user to recall all the preferences, which are made during the user, interface interactions. Then user can view the final journey plan. According to given user constraints, if journey cannot be planned because of time limitation, then system will indicate that the journey cannot be planned. If our AI can successfully planned the journey according to user preferences, then user will receive a window which contains the route, order of visiting places which need to be visit during the journey, suggestions which contains the locations to take meals during the journey, suggestions about the visiting places other than the user specified and if journey is more than one day, suggestions for places which can be stay for each day. These user interfaces are design in a way that improving a user-friendliness in order to provide a more usability for user.</span></div><h2 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.4<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Data Handling</h2><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Here our main data storing technology is through xml. We had to do a decision here either we have to go with a database which requires internet connection to use our product or going with the xml structure that will store information that allows the offline access. However, use of xml definitely limits our extendibility and modifiability. We had to go with the xml solution as we are in the Sri Lanka where not a lot of users have internet connections. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">When working with xml we use java xml libraries that made our life so much easy. Without that, we are still writing the code for reading xml. XmlReader class mainly reads the data from the database and loads that into a set of objects that we will use in the main program. Talking about the objects where data resides in, it is built in a hierarchy. At top, we have a city; each city has its own id and name. ‘id’ is mainly used for identification of the object. These cities are composed of visiting places, meal taking places, places where you can stay in the night, places where you can have a visit. We have made sure that we stick in to the object oriented structure while we are storing data. We went with this design mainly because of three things. OOP methods make code more maintainable. Identifying the source of errors becomes easier because objects are self-contained the principles of good OOP design contribute to an application’s maintainability. Next one is re usability, objects contain both data and functions that act on data, objects can be thought of as self-contained “boxes”. This feature makes it easy to reuse code in new systems. Thirdly, it is <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Scalability, OO applications are more scalable then their structured programming roots. As an object’s interface provides a roadmap for reusing the object in new software, it also provides you with all the information you need to replace the object without affecting other code. This makes it easy to replace old and aging code with faster algorithms and newer technology.</span></span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>PROBLEMS AND <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">CHALLENGES</span></h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">How to store graph so that it easy to change and retrieve? This was the main problem that we had in our mind, we thought of a database at the first step. However, in order to use a database, user should always be connected to the internet to use that app. Therefore, we started thinking about a local data storing method. As our data, normally do not go through a rapid change we are always allowed to go to a local data storing method. Our solution was XML, which is a semi-structured way to store data. With XML, we had to face several problems. First, will it be hard to manipulate XML data with java? As a solution to that, we found a java library to work with XML. Other problem is the scalability of XML files. Still we are finding ways to overcome scalability problems. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Another problem that we came across was how the graph is represented in the program (An array list, adjacency matrix, etc.)? We went with the adjacency matrix because of its simplicity and the fast access. With adjacency matrix, we can have a constant time access to the journey details between two cities. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Next problem was how deep we have to go into the problem? Do we have to show the route within a city? Do we have to show the route to meal taking places? We concluded with that we do not have to do that far. So we thought of not considering the path within a city and path to a meal place.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt;"><br /></div><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>FUTURE <span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">WORK</span></h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the development process, it is observed that performance of a selected algorithm depends on the context of the given problem’s parameters.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For the future development of the software, it is planned to implement the systems algorithm to be changed dynamically depending on the problem at hand using the strategy design pattern. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Most of the better sub optimal solutions for travelling salesmen problem are implemented using the genetic algorithms (GA). Since the trip-planning problem is also closely related to the TSP, it is inevitable that a solution based on genetic algorithms would perform better than the current algorithm, which is a variation of BFS. When a set of different sub optimal algorithms are created they can be switched accordingly to get the necessary performance with the strategy design pattern. </span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">According the existing architecture of the application user has to download the java application from the internet and run it locally to get the output. Moreover, user has to periodically update the data used by the application for the operation via internet. Other than this architecture, we have planned to implement the application as web services, which can be accessed using a web browser, which support client side scripting. Therefore, that user can access the application from any computer with an internet connection and a web browser. With this web application, it is planned to give an opportunity to the users of the system to enter data of their trip experiences. Therefore, the Application can learn from those feedbacks and learn and update existing data to give performance that is more robust to users.</span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><br /></div><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">CONCLUSION</span></h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">In this research paper, an approach to create a trip planner application based on AI theories is discussed. Trip planning is closely related to travelling sales men problem, therefore we have to go with a sub optimal solution for the trip plan because it is not possible to come up with an algorithm to get the optimal solution for all the preferences. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">Created application is implemented as an off line java application in which the data should be updated periodically via internet. XML files are selected as the medium to store persistence data for the application. A variation of BFS is used in the application to compute the required trip path according the preferences input by user. </span></div><div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">As future developments of the application, existing algorithm to compute path will be replaced with a set of algorithms, which will be switched according to the user preferences. In addition, the application will provided as a web services, which can be accessed and used via a modern web browser.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is planned to implement a way to take feed backs from the users about the trips they went, and implement learning part to the AI so that the data will be automatically changed based on the users feed backs to create more accurate plans in the future.</span></div><h1 style="margin-left: 0in; text-indent: 0in;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span>Works Cited<span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-weight: normal; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"></span></h1><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">1. <b>Gallage, Malinga.</b> <i>Lakdasun. </i>[Online] 2011. [Cited: 01 13, 2012.] http://www.lakdasun.org/.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">2. <i>NSW transport info. </i>[Online] [Cited: 01 12, 2012.] http://www.131500.com.au/plan-your-trip/trip-planner.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">3. <i>Trans Link. </i>[Online] [Cited: 01 13, 2012.] http://tripplanning.translink.ca/.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">4. Breadth-first search. <i>Wikipedia. </i>[Online] Wikipedia. [Cited: 02 22, 2012.] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadth-first_search.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">5. Breadth-First Search Traversal Algorithm. [Online] [Cited: 02 10, 2012.] http://www.personal.kent.edu/~rmuhamma/Algorithms/MyAlgorithms/GraphAlgor/breadthSearch.htm.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">6. <b>Weisstein, Eric W.</b> Traveling Salesman Problem. <i>Wolfram MathWorld. </i>[Online] [Cited: 02 13, 2012.] http://mathworld.wolfram.com/TravelingSalesmanProblem.html.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">7. The Traveling Salesman Problem. [Online] [Cited: 01 30, 2012.] http://www.tsp.gatech.edu/.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">8. <b>Karla Hoffman, Manfred Padberg.</b> Traveling Salesman Problem-2. [Online] [Cited: 02 11, 2012.] http://iris.gmu.edu/~khoffman/papers/trav_salesman.html.</span></div><div class="MsoBibliography"><span style="mso-no-proof: yes;">9. <b>Clelland, Ian.</b> Traveling purchaser problem. <i>Wikipedia. </i>[Online] [Cited: 02 21, 2012.] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traveling_purchaser_problem.</span></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-40584745871392064192012-09-16T09:52:00.000-07:002012-09-16T10:14:40.736-07:008x9 = 72, Hard? Here is a easy way to do it using fingers.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hbpHN5V55kY/UFYAZLr34iI/AAAAAAAAAKc/44QT4mSHTek/s1600/medium.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="242" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-hbpHN5V55kY/UFYAZLr34iI/AAAAAAAAAKc/44QT4mSHTek/s400/medium.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
It is sometimes hard to do single digit multiplications when it get pass 5, 6. Here is a easy way to do single digit multiplications. It is very fast when you get use to it.<br />
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This is how we do it.<br />
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Problem: 7*8 = 56<br />
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1. touch figures with 7 and 8<br />
2. number of fingers above that touching fingers gives you, your 'ones' value. Here is how we take it.<br />
no. of fingers above in left * no. of fingers above in right<br />
3 * 2 = 6<br />
3. number of all other fingers (including touching) gives you the tens value (here 5)<br />
4. Using above two values you get your answer (5*10 + 6*1 = 56)<br />
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Below image will help you in understanding...<br />
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OS2ltPYPf_Y/UFYAbYy2JBI/AAAAAAAAAKk/1PbaN_UZP8s/s1600/original.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="360" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OS2ltPYPf_Y/UFYAbYy2JBI/AAAAAAAAAKk/1PbaN_UZP8s/s640/original.jpg" width="640" /></a></div>
<br />
It is even harder than multiplying single digit numbers ? believe me it will look so simple when you use it few times.<br />
<br />
From: lifehacker.com<br />
<br />Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-75113601945685515112012-04-06T05:52:00.000-07:002012-04-06T05:52:07.423-07:00Funny: The 5 types of programmers<br>
In my code journeys and programming adventures I’ve encountered many
strange foes, and even stranger allies. I’ve identified at least five
different kinds of code warriors, some make for wonderful comrades in
arms, while others seem to foil my every plan.<br>
However they all have their place in the pantheon of software
development. Without a healthy mix of these different programming styles
you’ll probably find your projects either take too long to complete,
are not stable enough or are too perfect for humans to look upon.<br>
<br>
<h3>
The duct tape programmer</h3>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qQJdnkJVFLs/T37l9yWC34I/AAAAAAAAAKU/9cVRvQ8oD1o/s1600/ducttape-150x150.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qQJdnkJVFLs/T37l9yWC34I/AAAAAAAAAKU/9cVRvQ8oD1o/s1600/ducttape-150x150.png"></a></div>
<em>The code may not be pretty, but damnit, it works!</em><br>
<em><br></em><br>
This guy is the foundation of your company. When something goes wrong
he will fix it fast and in a way that won’t break again. Of course he
doesn’t care about how it looks, ease of use, or any of those other <em>trivial</em>
concerns, but he will make it happen, without a bunch of talk or
time-wasting nonsense. The best way to use this person is to point at a
problem and walk away.<br>
<h3>
The OCD perfectionist programmer</h3>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<em style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Perfection" class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-1169" height="150" src="http://stevenbenner.com/wp-content/uploads/perfection-150x150.png" title="Perfection" width="150"></em></div>
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<em style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">You want to do what to my code?</em></div>
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</div>
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</div>
<br>
This guy doesn’t care about your deadlines or budgets, those are
insignificant when compared to the art form that is programming. When
you do finally receive the finished product you will have no option but
submit to the stunning glory and radiant beauty of perfectly formatted,
no, perfectly beautiful code, that is so efficient that anything you
would want to do to it would do nothing but defame a masterpiece. He is
the only one qualified to work on his code.<br>
<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/04/funny-5-types-of-programmers.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-56313944427017246532012-04-06T05:42:00.001-07:002012-04-06T05:42:35.431-07:00Funny: Geeks VS Non-Geeks in Repetitive tasks<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PJnZGjaCXhk/T37kpZvKoKI/AAAAAAAAAKM/2kY5M29OdxY/s1600/Geeks_and_repetitive_tasks.jpg.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="452" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PJnZGjaCXhk/T37kpZvKoKI/AAAAAAAAAKM/2kY5M29OdxY/s640/Geeks_and_repetitive_tasks.jpg.png" width="640" /></a></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-15669324831971046322012-04-01T21:33:00.001-07:002012-04-01T21:37:08.139-07:00Funny: How to hunt Elephants<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-O5L6MjswAFA/T3ks4lis4BI/AAAAAAAAAKE/mNIn_bCAY7I/s1600/2007_02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-O5L6MjswAFA/T3ks4lis4BI/AAAAAAAAAKE/mNIn_bCAY7I/s320/2007_02.jpg" width="320"></a></div>
<br>
<strong>MATHEMATICIANS</strong> hunt elephants by going to Africa, throwing out
everything that is not an elephant, and catching one of whatever is
left.<br>
<strong>EXPERIENCED MATHEMATICIANS</strong> will attempt to prove the
existence of at
least one unique elephant before proceeding to step 1 as a subordinate
exercise. <br>
<strong>PROFESSORS OF MATHEMATICS</strong> will prove the existence of
at least one
unique elephant and then leave the detection and capture of an actual
elephant as an exercise for their graduate students. <br>
<strong>COMPUTER SCIENTISTS</strong> hunt elephants by exercising
Algorithm A:
<br>
<ol>
<li>Go to Africa.
</li>
<li>Start at the Cape of Good hope.
</li>
<li>Work northward in an orderly manner, traversing the continent
alternately east and west.
</li>
<li>During each traverse pass,
<ol>
<li>Catch each animal seen.
</li>
<li>Compare each animal caught to a known elephant.
</li>
<li>Stop when a match is detected.
</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<strong>EXPERIENCED COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS</strong> modify Algorithm A
by placing a
known elephant in Cairo to ensure that the algorithm will terminate. <br>
<strong>ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMERS</strong> prefer to execute
Algorithm A on their hands and knees. <br>
<strong>DATABASE ADMINISTRATORS</strong> do not need to go out and
capture elephants when they can retrieve them simply with an ad hoc query:
<br>
<pre> SELECT * FROM AFRICAN_CRITTERS
2 WHERE CRITTER_TYPE = 'TERRESTRIAL'
3 AND SIZE = 'LARGE'
4 AND COLOR = 'GRAY'
5 AND TRUNK ='YES'
6 AND ODOR IS NOT NULL;
</pre>
<pre></pre><a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/04/funny-how-to-hunt-elephants.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-66997637217329693682012-04-01T21:21:00.000-07:002012-04-01T21:21:18.895-07:00Love free online learning ? 50 Free Classes for Computer Science<br>
Here are 50 free opencourseware classes that can help you learn more about computer science:<br>
<span id="more-29"></span><br>
<h3>
Introduction to Computer Science</h3>
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Computer" class="alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-37" height="150" src="http://www.mastersincomputerscience.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/220px-SPARCstation_1-150x150.jpg" title="220px-SPARCstation_1" width="150"></a>Learn the basics of computer science, and get a foundation in how computer science works.<br>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Computer_Science">Introduction to Computer Science</a>:
Learn about the history of computing, as well as the development of
computer languages. A great basic course on introductory computer
science.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k6U-i4gXkLM">Introduction to Computer Science and Programming</a>: A series of video lectures from MIT about computer science, and the basics of programming.</li>
<li><a href="http://webcast.berkeley.edu/course_details.php?seriesid=1906978395">Introduction to Computers</a>: UC Berkeley offers a course on the basics of computing and science.</li>
<li><a href="http://ocw.dixie.edu/computer-and-information-technology/artificial-intelligence">Artificial Intelligence</a>: Learn about the basics of artificial intelligence and how it has been developed for computer applications.</li>
<li><a href="http://ocw.capcollege.bc.ca/computing-science/breadth-topics-in-computing-science">Breadth Topics in Computing Science</a>:
This class from Capilano University offers a wide view of computer
science. Learn about design, programming and more for different
opportunities in computer science.</li>
<li><a href="http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Anthropology/21A-350JFall-2004/CourseHome/index.htm">The Anthropology of Computing</a>: This MIT course offers an interesting look into the development of computers and their impact on human society.</li>
<li><a href="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/csep510/04wi/">Human Computer Interaction</a>:
Basic information on how humans interact with computers, and how to
better design usability, from the University of Washington.</li></ol><a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/04/love-free-online-learning-50-free.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comUniversity of Moratuwa, Campus Rd, Moratuwa 10400, Sri Lanka6.796877 79.90177816.78111 79.8820371 6.8126440000000006 79.9215191tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-79340664471147099442012-03-20T04:23:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:25:18.020-07:00Automated Weather Monitoring System : Measuring Wind Speed and Direction<h3> </h3><h4> <a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-QJVXuErIxQ4/T2hn-QNVfCI/AAAAAAAAAYc/RMevR7oLLfg/s1600-h/clip_image002_thumb1%25255B2%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image002_thumb1" border="0" height="322" hspace="12" src="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-c7iUL2eGzdY/T2hoBRTrPmI/AAAAAAAAAYk/KT9Zd-SGBJQ/clip_image002_thumb1_thumb.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image002_thumb1" width="235" /></a></h4><h4> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=9162056505393079490" name="_Toc301473047">Wind Vane</a></h4>We will be using the well-known Robinson cup Anemometer to measure the wind speed. Main consideration to select this design is <br />1. It has been used frequently in similar applications. <br />2. Cost effective <br />3. Simple output can be taken from the rotating wheel. <br /><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-tFwzMrBZOZs/T2hoCSuKFVI/AAAAAAAAAYs/xEy8K89qx78/s1600-h/clip_image003_thumb1%25255B2%25255D.png"><img alt="clip_image003_thumb1" border="0" height="165" hspace="12" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-frneDt_k6Fs/T2hoDdX1ixI/AAAAAAAAAY0/Lu1R3ctAAWg/clip_image003_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image003_thumb1" width="390" /></a><br />We will be using rollers that are used in a track ball mouse. The light detector will be used to measure the speed by the number of spokes it passes in a particular time. We will be using gear wheels as necessary interface the anemometer wheel to the mouse rollers. We will be using a interrupt technique to count the steps (spokes).<br /><h4> <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=9162056505393079490" name="_Toc301473048">Wind Direction</a></h4><a href="http://lh5.ggpht.com/-oJL5E0m-18Q/T2hoERfHJ2I/AAAAAAAAAY8/PI3ufnTBY2Y/s1600-h/clip_image005_thumb1%25255B2%25255D.png"><img alt="clip_image005_thumb1" border="0" height="297" hspace="12" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-_7N0yBGoisA/T2hoFmM0PLI/AAAAAAAAAZE/IpFf7PQ0MLA/clip_image005_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; margin: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image005_thumb1" width="297" /></a> <br /><br /><br /><a name='more'></a>We will be using an arrow head connected to a wheel to measure the wind direction. Suitable weight is added to the other end to have proper inertia to direct the arrow to the correct direction. It will only be accurate to 8 of the main directions when we are specifying the direction of the wind. <br /><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-Vji6JcIfuVg/T2hoG0SbhVI/AAAAAAAAAZM/147axv3DPmQ/s1600-h/clip_image007_thumb1%25255B2%25255D.png"><img alt="clip_image007_thumb1" border="0" height="295" hspace="12" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-w2pgTXvhFGc/T2hoIe5wPQI/AAAAAAAAAZU/scjtf_t6dUI/clip_image007_thumb1_thumb.png?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image007_thumb1" width="295" /></a> <br />We will be using a“8 bit grey-code” to absolutely measure the direction using 3 light sensors. We will be using a polling technique to measure the wind direction where needed. <br />[Circuit diagrams relevant to this part can be found in the appendix]Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-77184961177419584792012-03-20T04:11:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:25:18.117-07:00Automated Weather Monitoring System: Rain Gauge Design<h3>Rain Gauge</h3><h4>What is we are using and why we are using that</h4>We are using the famous “tipping bucket method” to measure the rainfall. We thought of using this because of several reasons. <br />1. This is a well-known technique and has been used by lot of people. Therefore, this technique is a tested and proven correct technique. <br />2. With this technique, we do not need to remove water after a rainfall. <br />3. Can overcome vaporizing effect by using this. <br />4. It is simple and produces a digital signal that is easy to process. <br />5. Low cost to manufacture. <br /><h4>Basic design</h4><a href="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-DDsvZvKo3e0/T2hk7ehuEpI/AAAAAAAAAWs/BwLGR-pe_5s/s1600-h/clip_image002%25255B4%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image002" border="0" height="317" src="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-lfxzD8wm4Bs/T2hk8thsszI/AAAAAAAAAW0/dubTbcEcr34/clip_image002_thumb%25255B1%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image002" width="431" /></a> <br />Finally, we can keep this in a holder like below <br /><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td width="256"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td>We have to keep holes at the low end of the holder so that they will allow water to get out from the holder<br /><br /><a name='more'></a> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-E4pk53Bn8cI/T2hk9orrc-I/AAAAAAAAAW8/pQvEk2IRABE/s1600-h/clip_image006%25255B4%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image006" border="0" height="402" src="http://lh4.ggpht.com/-4-wKph50Et4/T2hk-mSNy8I/AAAAAAAAAXE/NU4obJp6zW0/clip_image006_thumb%25255B1%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image006" width="312" /></a> <br /><h4>Problems with this design and solutions</h4>1. Every time after we get the reading there will be a remainder of water in the tipping bucket. This affects the current reading and the next reading. <br />· This lead to an error in our reading. This can be reduced by reducing the amount of water that the bucket can hold. <br />· For every reading, we have to add a little due to the remainder at the same time we have to reduce a little for what was there at the beginning. So neglecting both of them will not affect much. <br />2. What happen if something blocks the waterway? <br />· This can be reduced by having an angled net on the holder. <br /><a href="http://lh3.ggpht.com/-_hapQHttx3U/T2hk_lOUHyI/AAAAAAAAAXM/aVp4947d434/s1600-h/clip_image008%25255B4%25255D.jpg"><img alt="clip_image008" border="0" height="290" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/-R_d_b_qqNpk/T2hlAuKrxDI/AAAAAAAAAXU/xLaVjfHH62w/clip_image008_thumb%25255B1%25255D.jpg?imgmax=800" style="background-image: none; border-bottom: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; display: inline; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;" title="clip_image008" width="229" /></a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-68345861551196388712012-03-20T04:09:00.000-07:002013-05-25T09:25:18.217-07:00Automated Weather Monitoring System : Temparature Sensor Design<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> 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1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" 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SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException 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SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> 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SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles></xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]><style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} </style><![endif]--> <br /><div class="MsoNormal">Mechanism for measuring atmospheric temperature</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Equipment used:<a href="" name="_GoBack"></a></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>LM35 temperature sensor</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Analog to digital conversion functionality of the microchip</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">LM35 Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensor</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">LM35 series produced by National Semiconductors is a precision integrated circuit temperature sensor series which are designed to produce an output voltage that is linearly proportional to the Celsius temperature. The output voltage is 10mV per degree Centigrade.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Advantages/ Features</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Calibrated directly in Celsius</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Linear 10mV/`C scale factor</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Can operate in the range of -55`C – 150`C</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>0.5`C accuracy guaranteeble (@25`C)</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Less than 60<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">µ</span>A current drain</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Operates from 4V to 35V</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Low self-heating (0.08`C in still air)</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Low impedance output (0.1<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Ω</span> per 1mA load)</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Low cost</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Easily available</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>Suitable for remote applications (low power consumption)</div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The sensor is commonly used for such application</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Calculations</b></div><div class="MsoNormal">Assume the ADC of the PIC gives the values between 0 to n for input voltage of 0 to 5v provided. (eg: if the reading is 0 then input is 0V, if the reading is n the input is 5V). The PICs we are planning to use, PIC16F877a or PIC18 series, have a 10 bit ADC. Thus the max value for the 10 bit ADC will be 1023)</div><div class="MsoNormal">N = 1023</div><div class="MsoNormal">If the value read from the ADC = <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">α</span></div><div class="MsoNormal">Voltage = (<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">α/n)*5</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Voltage in mV = </span>(<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">α/n)*5*1000</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Since 10mV = 1`C</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Temperature = </span>(<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">α/n)*5*100 = </span>(<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">α/n)*500</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Substituting n = 1023</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Temperature = (α/1023)*500 = α * 0.48876 `C</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;">We can use this equation to directly calculate the instantaneous temperature of the atmosphere.</span></div>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-83432128612983487322012-03-03T19:55:00.001-08:002014-11-28T02:24:08.782-08:00Want to learn HTML 5? This is where you should head. (30+ sites for HTML 5)<br>
<h2 style="text-align: center;">
<img src="http://www.w3.org/html/logo/downloads/HTML5_Logo_512.png" height="320" width="320"></h2>
<h2>
<a href="http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-offlineweb/index.html" target="_blank">Create Offline Web Application On Mobile Devices With HTML5</a></h2>
<a href="http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/web/library/wa-offlineweb/index.html" target="_blank"><img alt="image" border="0" src="http://cdn.tripwiremagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/image37.png" height="322" style="border-width: 0px; display: inline;" title="image" width="627"></a><br>
A comprehensive article from the technical library of IBM by IT
Architect Dietmar Krueger. In this article, the author describes and
explains how challenging it i s to write application for operating
systems and mobile platforms. Instead of relying on learning the
platform specific languages like Objective-C with Cocoa (on iPhone), the
author takes the open way of developing things through HTML5. A very
clearly explained and in-depth article.<br>
<h2>
<abbr><a href="http://html5demos.com/" target="_blank">HTML 5 Demos and Examples</a></abbr></h2>
<a href="http://html5demos.com/" target="_blank"><img alt="image" border="0" src="http://cdn.tripwiremagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/image54.png" height="322" style="border-width: 0px; display: inline;" title="image" width="624"></a><br>
This site have HTML5 examples all over the place and good ones too. <abbr>HTML</abbr>
5 experimentation and demos I’ve hacked together. Click on the browser
support icon or the technology tag to filter the demos (the filter is an
<code>OR</code> filter).<br>
<h2>
<a href="http://www.focus.com/images/view/11905/" target="_blank">WTF is HTML5</a></h2>
<a href="http://www.focus.com/images/view/11905/" target="_blank"><img alt="image" border="0" src="http://cdn.tripwiremagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/image55.png" height="322" style="border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px; border-top-width: 0px; display: inline;" title="image" width="627"></a><br>
One page overview of HTML5 – very useful and with good HTML5 examples!<br>
<h2>
<a href="http://www.webia.info/articles/tutorials/building-a-live-news-blogging-system-in-php-spiced-with-html5-css3-and-jquery-part-i/" target="_blank">Building a live news blogging system in PHP, Spiced with HTML5</a></h2>
<h2>
<a href="http://www.webia.info/articles/tutorials/building-a-live-news-blogging-system-in-php-spiced-with-html5-css3-and-jquery-part-i/" target="_blank"><img alt="image" border="0" src="http://cdn.tripwiremagazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/image38.png" height="322" style="border-width: 0px; display: inline;" title="image" width="627"></a></h2>
This tutorial show you how to build a news website in HTML5 and CSS3. Every line of code is explained for both HTML and CSS<br>
<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/03/want-to-learn-html-5-this-is-where-you.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3951923718999829975.post-40522310932234446072012-02-25T04:31:00.000-08:002012-02-25T04:31:25.660-08:00Cheat Sheets for all the aspects of Web Developing<br>
No matter how good programmer you are, you can`t memorize
everything. It often happens to spend more time searching for a
particular library, tag or declaration, than implementing it on our
code. <span id="more-9926"></span> To ease your work I have gathered
here some of the most important cheat sheets that you will ever need. Do
you have any suggestions?<br>
<h2>
HTML Cheat Sheet</h2>
<img alt="" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-9938" height="127" src="http://www.topdesignmag.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/1128.jpg" title="1" width="450"><br>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.html.su/" target="_blank">HTML/XTML in one page</a></li>
<li><a href="http://refcardz.dzone.com/refcardz/html5-new-standards-web-interactivity" target="_blank">HTML5: The Evolution of Web Standards by James Sugrue</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.elizabethcastro.com/html/extras/xhtml_ref.html" target="_blank">(X)HTML Elements and Attributes</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.w3.org/QA/2002/04/valid-dtd-list.html" target="_blank">Doctype Declarations (DTDs)</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.digitalmediaminute.com/reference/entity/index.php" target="_blank">XHTML Character Entity Reference</a></li>
<li><a href="http://downloads.gosquared.com/help_sheets/08/HTML-Help-Sheet-02.jpg" target="_blank">GoSquared HTML Help Sheet</a></li>
</ul>
<br>
<h2>
CSS Cheat Sheets</h2>
<img alt="" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-9941" height="112" src="http://www.topdesignmag.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/2104.jpg" title="2" width="451"><br>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.css.su/" target="_blank">CSS in one page</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.elizabethcastro.com/html/extras/cssref.html" target="_blank">CSS Properties and Values</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.blooberry.com/indexdot/css/propindex/all.htm" target="_blank">All CSS Properties Listed Alphabetically</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.dustindiaz.com/css-shorthand/" target="_blank">CSS Shorthand Guide</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.gosquared.com/liquidicity/archives/1010" target="_blank">GoSquared CSS Help Sheet</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>
</h2><a href="http://www.thinklikemalinga.lkblog.com/2012/02/cheat-sheets-for-all-aspects-of-web.html#more">Read more »</a>Malinga Pererahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00101668788458116687noreply@blogger.com