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<channel>
	<title>Way back south</title>
	<atom:link href="http://daffy.za.net/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>http://daffy.za.net</link>
	<description>Various musings of a travelling family.</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 22 Jan 2018 00:03:16 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>NSX on a VMWare Homelab with limited resources</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2018/01/nsx-on-a-vmware-homelab-with-limited-resources/</link>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Jan 2018 00:02:47 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vmware]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[nsx]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1483</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I run a VMWare lab at home, because I have a forgiving wife and a tendency to over-complicate everything. My VMUG Advantage subscription gives me a license for NSX, which is something I&#8217;ve been wanting to play with for a while. Unfortunately, the resource requirements for a minimal installation of NSX is 16 vCPUs and &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2018/01/nsx-on-a-vmware-homelab-with-limited-resources/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">NSX on a VMWare Homelab with limited resources</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I run a VMWare lab at home, because I have a forgiving wife and a tendency to over-complicate everything.</p>
<p>My VMUG Advantage subscription gives me a license for NSX, which is something I&#8217;ve been wanting to play with for a while.</p>
<p>Unfortunately, the resource requirements for a minimal installation of NSX is 16 vCPUs and 28GB RAM.<br />
In my setup, this is a significant chunk of my resources, not leaving much for any actual VMs<span id="more-1483"></span></p>
<p>Resizing the NSX Manager VM is easy,  you can just edit the resources in vSphere. But the NSX Controllers have their &#8220;Edit Settings&#8230;&#8221; Link grayed out.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s how you can re-enable that link, and thus edit the resource allocation.</p>
<ol>
<li>Enable SSH on your vCenter server</li>
<li>Enable BASH on your vCenter server</li>
<li>SSH to vCenter server</li>
<li>type &#8216;shell&#8217; to get a BASH shell</li>
<li>Launch Postgres shell
<pre>/opt/vmware/vpostgres/current/bin/psql -U postgres</pre>
</li>
<li>Connect to the VMDB
<pre>\connect VCDB;</pre>
</li>
<li>Find the Object IDs for the VMs
<pre>select * from VPX_DISABLED_METHODS;</pre>
</li>
<li>Delete the entry that locks the editing in vSphere
<pre>delete from VPX_DISABLED_METHODS where entity_mo_id_val = 'Object ID';</pre>
</li>
<li>exit Postgres shell</li>
<li>exit bash shell</li>
<li>Restart vCenter Server Service
<pre>service-control --stop vmware-vpxd

service-control --start vmware-vpxd</pre>
</li>
<li>Edit your resource allocations in vSphere</li>
</ol>
<p>I&#8217;ve been able to get away with halving the allocations for each VM. But your mileage may vary.</p>
<p>DO NOT DO THIS IN A PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT. This is not supported by VMWare, so don&#8217;t go opening support tickets if your NSX environment goes flaky.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1483</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>A very big Networking LAB &#8211; DN42</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2017/02/a-very-big-networking-lab-dn42/</link>
		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Feb 2017 02:26:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1459</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve always thought of JAWUG as a network lab the size of a city. But now there&#8217;s DN42, which is describes itself as, dn42 is a big dynamic VPN, which employs Internet technologies (BGP, whois database, DNS, etc). Participants connect to each other using network tunnels (GRE, OpenVPN, Tinc, IPsec) and exchange routes thanks to the &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2017/02/a-very-big-networking-lab-dn42/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">A very big Networking LAB &#8211; DN42</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve always thought of <a href="http://jawug.org.za/">JAWUG</a> as a network lab the size of a city.</p>
<p>But now there&#8217;s <a href="https://dn42.us/">DN42</a>, which is describes itself as,</p>
<blockquote><p>dn42 is a big dynamic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network">VPN</a>, which employs Internet technologies (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bgp">BGP</a>, whois database, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_Name_System">DNS</a>, etc). Participants connect to each other using network tunnels (<a href="https://wiki.dn42.us/howto/GRE-on-FreeBSD">GRE</a>, <a href="https://wiki.dn42.us/howto/openvpn">OpenVPN</a>, <a href="https://wiki.dn42.us/howto/tinc">Tinc</a>, <a href="https://wiki.dn42.us/howto/IPsec-with-PublicKeys">IPsec</a>) and exchange routes thanks to the Border Gateway Protocol.</p></blockquote>
<p>I&#8217;ve joined DN42, and gone a little crazy with it. So far I have nodes in the US, Ireland, Australia and South Africa. This means I can interconnect with other DN42 members anywhere in the world, having resilience against failures.<br />
I&#8217;ll probably be adding more to that, but my first step will be to upgrade my Australian node to something with a bit more bandwidth.</p>
<p>So, get over to http://dn42.us/ and get started.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1459</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>I break down a Lexmark x646e Printer for recycling</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2016/04/i-break-down-a-lexmark-x646e-printer-for-recycling/</link>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Apr 2016 23:54:58 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[teardown]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[printer]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1437</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A very simple cut together video of me disassembling a broken Lexmark x646e printer and trying to remain calm through the process. Not terribly interesting, but I do go through explaining how a laser printer works in this and the following parts..]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A very simple cut together video of me disassembling a broken Lexmark x646e printer and trying to remain calm through the process.</p>
<p>Not terribly interesting, but I do go through explaining how a laser printer works in this and the following parts..<span id="more-1437"></span></p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe class='youtube-player' type='text/html' width='660' height='402' src='http://www.youtube.com/embed/TGgCI89WJB8?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;autohide=2&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;wmode=transparent' allowfullscreen='true' style='border:0;'></iframe></div>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1437</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Building an Internet Radio &#8211; Part 1</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2016/01/building-an-internet-radio-part-1/</link>
		<pubDate>Sun, 24 Jan 2016 11:38:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[howto]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[internet radio]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wrt54g]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1430</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve decided to build a few Internet Radios. Sure, you can probably buy one for €100, but where&#8217;s the fun in that? Since I have a pile of Linksys WRT54G&#8217;s, I&#8217;ve decided to turn them into something useful. Here&#8217;s the first part in a series on How to Build an Internet Radio. &#160;]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve decided to build a few Internet Radios.</p>
<p>Sure, you can probably buy one for €100, but where&#8217;s the fun in that?</p>
<p>Since I have a pile of Linksys WRT54G&#8217;s, I&#8217;ve decided to turn them into something useful.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s the first part in a series on How to Build an Internet Radio.<span id="more-1430"></span></p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe class='youtube-player' type='text/html' width='660' height='402' src='http://www.youtube.com/embed/Py2lWx1xKSs?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;autohide=2&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;wmode=transparent' allowfullscreen='true' style='border:0;'></iframe></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1430</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Xiaomi Mi Smart Home kit overview</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2016/01/xiaomi-mi-smart-home-kit-overview/</link>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jan 2016 03:06:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[home automation]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smart home]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[xiaomi]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1428</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Many people asked me for a video explaining what the Xiaomi Mi Smart Home gateway does. I tore it apart in the last video without explaining to people what it is. So I&#8217;ve made a follow up video to give a very brief overview of the functionality of the Kit, and provide a few links &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2016/01/xiaomi-mi-smart-home-kit-overview/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Xiaomi Mi Smart Home kit overview</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Many people asked me for a video explaining what the Xiaomi Mi Smart Home gateway does.</p>
<p>I tore it apart in the last video without explaining to people what it is. So I&#8217;ve made a follow up video to give a very brief overview of the functionality of the Kit, and provide a few links for English resources.</p>
<p><span id="more-1428"></span></p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe class='youtube-player' type='text/html' width='660' height='402' src='http://www.youtube.com/embed/wtynOCCeXQk?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;autohide=2&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;wmode=transparent' allowfullscreen='true' style='border:0;'></iframe></div>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1428</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Xiaomi Mi Smart Home Gateway Teardown video</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2015/12/xiaomi-mi-smart-home-gateway-teardown-video/</link>
		<comments>http://daffy.za.net/2015/12/xiaomi-mi-smart-home-gateway-teardown-video/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 23 Dec 2015 07:02:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[smart home]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[teardown]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[video]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1424</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;ve pulled enough things apart to see what makes them tick. So I&#8217;ve decided to put them on video, with some commentary. Here&#8217;s the first installment, a teardown of a very solid little Smart Home Controller from the massive Chinese tech powerhouse Xiaomi.]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;ve pulled enough things apart to see what makes them tick. So I&#8217;ve decided to put them on video, with some commentary.</p>
<p>Here&#8217;s the first installment, a teardown of a very solid little Smart Home Controller from the massive Chinese tech powerhouse Xiaomi.</p>
<p><span id="more-1424"></span></p>
<div class="jetpack-video-wrapper"><iframe class='youtube-player' type='text/html' width='660' height='402' src='http://www.youtube.com/embed/nTo3qi_hsuw?version=3&#038;rel=1&#038;fs=1&#038;autohide=2&#038;showsearch=0&#038;showinfo=1&#038;iv_load_policy=1&#038;wmode=transparent' allowfullscreen='true' style='border:0;'></iframe></div>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://daffy.za.net/2015/12/xiaomi-mi-smart-home-gateway-teardown-video/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
	<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1424</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Way back South, again</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2015/11/way-back-south-again/</link>
		<comments>http://daffy.za.net/2015/11/way-back-south-again/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 14 Nov 2015 08:29:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[personal]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[australia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ireland]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1419</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[It&#8217;s been fun Europe, but I just had to go. It&#8217;s not you, it&#8217;s me. We&#8217;ve relocated to Sydney, Australia. The work/life balance in Ireland started to get to me and I was tired of not being able to spend much time outdoors with my kids. So now we&#8217;re Too Far South, the family loves &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2015/11/way-back-south-again/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Way back South, again</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>It&#8217;s been fun Europe, but I just had to go. It&#8217;s not you, it&#8217;s me.</p>
<p>We&#8217;ve relocated to Sydney, Australia. The work/life balance in Ireland started to get to me and I was tired of not being able to spend much time outdoors with my kids.</p>
<p>So now we&#8217;re Too Far South, the family loves it. Decent weather, proper meat and big cars.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
			<wfw:commentRss>http://daffy.za.net/2015/11/way-back-south-again/feed/</wfw:commentRss>
		<slash:comments>1</slash:comments>
	<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1419</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>DNSMasq suddenly stopped working?</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2015/06/dnsmasq-suddenly-stopped-working/</link>
		<pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2015 22:39:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[guides]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dnsmasq]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1410</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[If you&#8217;ve recently done an update on your debian or ubuntu Linux system, and you&#8217;re running dnsmasq, you might have noticed that it&#8217;s no longer responding to remote queries. Check your /var/log/syslog Do you have a line saying something like dnsmasq[14673]: Ignoring query from non-local network Well, thats because dnsmasq has decided to change the &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2015/06/dnsmasq-suddenly-stopped-working/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">DNSMasq suddenly stopped working?</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you&#8217;ve recently done an update on your debian or ubuntu Linux system, and you&#8217;re running dnsmasq, you might have noticed that it&#8217;s no longer responding to remote queries.</p>
<p>Check your /var/log/syslog<br />
Do you have a line saying something like<br />
<code>dnsmasq[14673]: Ignoring query from non-local network</code></p>
<p>Well, thats because dnsmasq has decided to change the default behaviour for service DNS queries.<br />
It will now only answer to itself by default<span id="more-1410"></span></p>
<p>From the <a href="http://www.thekelleys.org.uk/dnsmasq/CHANGELOG">changelog</a> for version 2.69</p>
<blockquote><p>Add &#8211;local-service. Accept DNS queries only from hosts<br />
whose address is on a local subnet, ie a subnet for which<br />
an interface exists on the server. This option<br />
only has effect if there are no &#8211;interface &#8211;except-interface,<br />
&#8211;listen-address or &#8211;auth-server options. It is intended<br />
to be set as a default on installation, to allow<br />
unconfigured installations to be useful but also safe from<br />
being used for DNS amplification attacks.</p></blockquote>
<p>So the fix for me was to add a line to my /etc/dnsmasq.conf<br />
<code>interface=eth0</code></p>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1410</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>Getting simple data from MyEskom</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2014/11/getting-simple-data-from-myeskom/</link>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Nov 2014 22:28:59 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[eskom]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[python]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1400</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Eskom has developed a great webapp it calls MyEskom. Once you create an account and tell it where you live, it&#8217;ll give you localised information on the state of the power grid. It looks pretty good on a phone, better on a tablet, and aweful on a proper web browser. Its great that they&#8217;re making &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2014/11/getting-simple-data-from-myeskom/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">Getting simple data from MyEskom</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Eskom has developed a great webapp it calls <a title="MyEskom" href="http://www.myeskom.co.za">MyEskom</a>. Once you create an account and tell it where you live, it&#8217;ll give you localised information on the state of the power grid.</p>
<p>It looks pretty good on a phone, better on a tablet, and aweful on a proper web browser.</p>
<p>Its great that they&#8217;re making the information freely available, I&#8217;m just not keen on having a web page open that hurts my eyes. I want a simple 2-line summary of what&#8217;s going on.</p>
<p>So I dove into the background and figured out which HTTP POST to fake to get all the information I needed. Then I wrote a simple python script to do just that, and print out what I wanted to know.</p>
<p>The output I get now is very simple, but it contains everything you need.</p>
<p><code>Power Status: high/up/red<br />
Turn off: Electric Stove,Geyser,Pool Pump,Dryer,Dishwasher,Heater,Normal Lights</code></p>
<p>Code is available on <a title="mypowerstats on github" href="https://github.com/daffster/mypowerstats">github</a></p>
<p>Feel free to fork it, contribute and make something awesome.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1400</post-id>	</item>
		<item>
		<title>My mini Christmas tree</title>
		<link>http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/</link>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Dec 2012 16:23:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[daffy]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://daffy.za.net/?p=1371</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I made a Christmas tree, in the only way I knew how. Its not fancy or big, but its certainly nerdy and awesome! In the tree, are 18 LEDs. 17 Green and 1 Red. It&#8217;s connected with a strip of ribbon cable to an AVR Atmega168. I used the Atmega168 because thats all I had &#8230; <a href="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="screen-reader-text">My mini Christmas tree</span></a>]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I made a Christmas tree, in the only way I knew how.</p>
<figure id="attachment_1375" style="width: 250px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><a href="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/3x9iz/" rel="attachment wp-att-1375"><img data-attachment-id="1375" data-permalink="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/3x9iz/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/3x9iZ.gif?fit=250%2C188" data-orig-size="250,188" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}" data-image-title="Done" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Mini Christmas Tree&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/3x9iZ.gif?fit=250%2C188" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/3x9iZ.gif?fit=250%2C188" class="size-full wp-image-1375 " alt="Mini Christmas Tree" src="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/3x9iZ.gif?resize=250%2C188" width="250" height="188" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a><figcaption class="wp-caption-text">Mini Christmas Tree</figcaption></figure>
<p>Its not fancy or big, but its certainly nerdy and awesome!</p>
<p><span id="more-1371"></span></p>
<p>In the tree, are 18 LEDs. 17 Green and 1 Red. It&#8217;s connected with a strip of ribbon cable to an AVR Atmega168.</p>
<p>I used the Atmega168 because thats all I had lying around, and I couldn&#8217;t have been bothered to minimize the number of pins needed by using <a title="Charlieplexing" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlieplexing">charlieplexing</a> instead of <a title="Multiplexing" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexed_display">multiplexing</a> to make it work with an AtTiny.</p>
<p>It has 3 rows of 6 LEDs. The top row is actually 5 Green LEDs with the Red LED sticking out the top.</p>
<p>The legs of the LEDs form the structure by bending the Anodes up to solder to the Anode of the next LED.</p>
<p><a href="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/img-20121213-wa0006/" rel="attachment wp-att-1372"><img data-attachment-id="1372" data-permalink="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/img-20121213-wa0006/" data-orig-file="https://i1.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006.jpg?fit=612%2C816" data-orig-size="612,816" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}" data-image-title="First Layer" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i1.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006.jpg?fit=225%2C300" data-large-file="https://i1.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006.jpg?fit=612%2C816" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-1372" alt="First Layer" src="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006-150x150.jpg?resize=150%2C150" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://i1.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006.jpg?resize=150%2C150 150w, https://i1.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006.jpg?zoom=2&amp;resize=150%2C150 300w, https://i1.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0006.jpg?zoom=3&amp;resize=150%2C150 450w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a>This leaves you with 6 Cathodes and a single common Anode.</p>
<p>Do this for the next layer, but shorten the Anode legs a little so it turns out smaller than the first layer.</p>
<p><a href="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/img-20121213-wa0007/" rel="attachment wp-att-1373"><img data-attachment-id="1373" data-permalink="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/img-20121213-wa0007/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007.jpg?fit=612%2C816" data-orig-size="612,816" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}" data-image-title="Second Layer" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007.jpg?fit=225%2C300" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007.jpg?fit=612%2C816" class="alignnone size-thumbnail wp-image-1373" alt="Second Layer" src="https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007-150x150.jpg?resize=150%2C150" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007.jpg?resize=150%2C150 150w, https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007.jpg?zoom=2&amp;resize=150%2C150 300w, https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0007.jpg?zoom=3&amp;resize=150%2C150 450w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></p>
<p>Repeat for as many layers as you want. The final layer in mine was 5 Green LEDs and then a Red LED. The Anode of the Red LED was soldered to the common Anode ring, so it forms part of the same layer.</p>
<p>Then solder them together by putting the layers on top of each other, and soldering the Cathode of each LED to the Cathode of the LED directly below it. You&#8217;ll end up with a common Cathode per column.</p>
<p>Repeat until you&#8217;re happy. Then solder some wires on to each of the common Anode &#8220;rings&#8221;. Bring them out at the base of the tree so you have 6 Common Cathodes and as many Common Anodes as you have layers.</p>
<p><a href="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/img-20121213-wa0008/" rel="attachment wp-att-1374"><img data-attachment-id="1374" data-permalink="http://daffy.za.net/2012/12/my-mini-christmas-tree/img-20121213-wa0008/" data-orig-file="https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008.jpg?fit=612%2C816" data-orig-size="612,816" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;}" data-image-title="Assembled" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008.jpg?fit=225%2C300" data-large-file="https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008.jpg?fit=612%2C816" class="size-thumbnail wp-image-1374 alignnone" alt="Assembled" src="https://i0.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008-150x150.jpg?resize=150%2C150" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008.jpg?resize=150%2C150 150w, https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008.jpg?zoom=2&amp;resize=150%2C150 300w, https://i2.wp.com/daffy.za.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/IMG-20121213-WA0008.jpg?zoom=3&amp;resize=150%2C150 450w" sizes="(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px" data-recalc-dims="1" /></a></p>
<p>You can just see the Anode legs and the wires for Cathodes in this pic.</p>
<p>So 3 layers and 6 columns gives me 9 wires, so I soldered them to a ribbon cable and connected that up to an AVR Atmega168 using 6 digital pins and 3 digital pins with PWM.</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t do it yet, but I can use the common anodes on the PWM pins to adjust the brightness.</p>
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