Reset Mac OS X Password

2012-01-27T16:23:00.002+01:00

If you have lost your password on Mac, here are a simple list on how to reset your password:

Mac OS X 10.7 - Lion

1. Boot into single user mode (press Command-S at power on)
2. Type fsck -fy
3. Type mount -uw /
4. Type launchctl load /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.opendirectoryd.plist
5. Type ls /Users
6. Type dscl . -passwd /Users/username password, replacing username with the targeted user and password with the desired password.
7. Reboot

Mac OS X 10.6 - Snow Leopard

1. Boot into single user mode (press Command-S at power on)
2. Type fsck -fy
3. Type mount -uw /
4. Type sh /etc/rc
5. Type ls /Users
6. Type passwd username
7. Reboot

Mac OS X 10.5 - Leopard

1. Boot into single user mode (press Command-S at power on)
2. Type fsck -fy
3. Type mount -uw /
4. Type launchctl load /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.apple.DirectoryServices.plist
5. Type ls /Users
6. Type dscl . -passwd /Users/username
7. Reboot

Mac OS X 10.4 - Tiger

1. Boot into single user mode (press Command-S at power on)
2. Type fsck -fy
3. Type mount -uw /
4. Type sh /etc/rc
5. Type ls /Users
6. Type passwd username
7. Reboot

Last Resort! WARNING! You may lose settings with this one!

1. Boot into single user mode (press Command-S at power on)
2. Type fsck -fy
3. Type mount -uw /
4. Type rm /var/db/.AppleSetupDone
5. Reboot

There it is. Quick and ugly. If there's any question, please, feel free to comment.

Guide: Bypass Captive Portals

2012-01-23T13:48:00.001+01:00

Ever connected to an open WiFi somewhere, like hotels or airports, and you realize that it isn't open after all. Your browser is being redirected to a site which requires payment or some kind of authentication (Captive Portal). In this guide, I'll show you how to bypass these portals and freely surf the web.

The hack is to send traffic through the DNS protocol, disguising your surfing as a harmless DNS request. This guide does not endorce illegal activity.

A client bypassing the Captive Portal using DNS Tunneling

For this to work, you'll need the following:

A Linux machine which will act as a server (A Windows machine is also possible, but not recommended). This server must have internet access and should be the computer which is always on, or better: a server. NOTE! If your server is already running a DNS service, this will not work.
A client computer for testing.
Port UDP 53 forwarded to server. Check Portforward.com for how to do this.

Let's begin..

1. Setting up domain

Our tunnel is going to request your domain name to be solved many times (it's in this traffic we send our web traffic). Therefore we need to register a domain. For this to work, it's required that the domain is registert as a NS type. For a free subdomain, visit freedns.afraid.org/subdomain, register an account and create your subdomain.

2. Setting up server

First you need to install iodine. You can install it from this .deb package (dpkg -i [package path]), or use either of these commands:

$ sudo aptitude install iodine

$ sudo apt-get install iodine 

Once installed, edit the configuration file: /etc/default/iodine:

# Default settings for iodine. This file is sourced from

# /etc/init.d/iodined

START_IODINED="true"

IODINED_ARGS="192.168.10.101 mydomain.it.cx"

IODINED_PASSWORD="secret"

Start_iodined: This must be true to allow iodine daemon to start

Iodine_args: Arguments to pass iodine. First one is a local ip-address for your server, NOT THE ONE YOU USE! This address must be in a complete different range; this is iodine's network. Second one is the domain you registered.

Iodined_password: It's excactly what you think. Leave blank for no password.

Save your configuration file. We can now start iodine:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/iodined start

Check if your iodine server is available and correctly set-up here:

code.kryo.se/iodine/check-it/

3. Setting up client

NOTE! The client must be set-up before you arrive at the Captive Portal WiFi!

3a. For iodine to work on Windows, you'll need to install TAP32 driver. Download OpenVPN at www.openvpn.net/index.php/open-source/downloads.html. You only need the TAP32 driver, so no need to install the rest.

TAP Virtual Ethernet Adapter

3b. After that, download iodine for Windows. It can be found here: code.kryo.se/iodine/. Excract the zip-file (7zip etc) and open an elevated prompt window in the iodine-0.6.0-rc1-win32\bin folder. Run the command:

C:\iodine\bin> iodine.exe -P secret mydomain.it.cx

Change "secret" with the password you wrote on the server and change "mydomain.it.cx" with the domain you registered.

Test your connection. Open another command window and ping your iodine server ip:

C:\iodine\bin> ping 192.168.10.101

3c. If you were successful the server will reply. Next we need to make this tunnel available for our system. Download Kitty (based on Putty), exctract and run it. Under Connection -> SSH -> Tunnels, set destination to Dynamic and Auto. Set Source Port to 9999 add click add.

Now click on top of the list, Session, and type the iodine server ip (in this example: 192.168.10.101) and click Connect. Log on with your normal server credentials and leave the window open.

3d. Last thing we need is to set our browser to use this tunnel. On Google Chrome, you may use Proxy Switchy! On Mozilla Firefox, open Options -> Advanced -> Network -> Connection -> Configure. Set configuration as shown on the picture bellow:

Kitty opens a socket proxy, 127.0.0.1 is a loopback address (meaning yourself), and the port 9999 was the port we chose in Kitty. As long as your Kitty stays connected to your server, this tunnel should be open for business, your business!

Image bellow shows speed achieved using iodine tunnel between work and home:

So there you go! If there is any question, just comment!

Regards
Tomas

Bitcasa Invites

2012-01-17T09:02:00.000+01:00

Bitcasa is kinda like Dropbox, but offers infinite storage! Bitcasa is still in beta and requires an invite. New members get 5 invites (at least I did), and I will share this with you.

Please help sharing Bitcasa by commenting your invite url here! Hope you appreciate this opportunity!

Invite link - Now infinite invites!

Edit: Alternatively, check this Twitter search

Regards

Tomas

treZotop Blog

Reset Mac OS X Password

Guide: Bypass Captive Portals

Bitcasa Invites