Tutorial Opensource and Linux

How To Install Cinnamon In Ubuntu 14.04

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 22 Aug 2014 07:31:00 +0700

Cinnamon is the default desktop environment of Linux Mint. Unlike Unity in Ubuntu, Cinnamon is more traditional but elegant looking desktop environment with bottom panel and app menu etc. No, you don’t need to install Linux Mint just for trying Cinnamon. In this tutorial we shall see how to install Cinnamon in Ubuntu 14.04.

Install Cinnamon in Ubuntu 14.04

There used to be a-sort-of official PPA from Cinnamon team for Ubuntu but it doesn’t exist anymore. Don’t loose heart. There is an unofficial PPA available and it works perfectly.

Open a terminal and use the following commands:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lestcape/cinnamon
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install cinnamon

It will download files of around 130 MB in size (if I remember correctly). This also provides you with Nemo (Nautilus fork) and Cinnamon Control Center. These bonus stuff gives a closer feel of Linux Mint.

Using Cinnamon desktop environment in Ubuntu 14.04

Once you have installed Cinnamon, log out of the current session. At the login screen, click on the Ubuntu symbol beside the username:

When you do this, it will give you all the desktop environments available for your system. No need to tell you that you have to choose Cinnamon:

Now you should be logged in to Ubuntu with Cinnamon desktop environment. Remember, you can do the same to switch back to Unity. Here is a quick screenshot of what it looked like to run

Cinnamon in Ubuntu 14.04:

Looks completely like Linux Mint, isn’t it? I didn’t find any compatibility issue between Cinnamon and Unity. I switched back and froth between Unity and Cinnamon and both worked perfectly.

Remove Cinnamon from Ubuntu 14.04

It is understandable that you might want to uninstall Cinnamon. We will use PPA Purge for this purpose. Let’s install PPA Purge first:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

Afterwards, use the following command to purge the PPA:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:lestcape/cinnamon

I hope this post helps you to install Cinnamon in Ubuntu 14.04. Do share your experience with Cinnamon.

How To Install Mate Desktop In Ubuntu 14.04

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Fri, 22 Aug 2014 07:26:00 +0700

The other week we saw about installing Cinnamon in Ubuntu. This week we’ll see how to install Mate desktop in Ubuntu 14.04.

I think you might have already heard of Mate desktop environment. A fork of now dead classic GNOME 2, Mate provides the classic desktop experience with latest applications. Mate is an official flavor of Linux Mint. While there is also an unofficial flavor of Ubuntu named as Ubuntu Mate.

We will actually use the packages provided by Ubuntu Mate team to easily install Mate desktop environment in Ubuntu 14.04. Please note that the same method is NOT applicable for installing Mate in Linux Mint 17.

Install Mate desktop on Ubuntu 14.04

Before you go on with Mate installation, I must tell you that Mate messes with Unity a little (not a lot). So you may face couple of compatibility issue if you come back to Unity. So no prizes for guessing that you should not try it on production system of if you want a stable system.

The PPAs we are going to use install several third party applications while installing Mate 1.8. Total download size amounts to 350 MB so pay attention to your network connection, if you have data limit or speed constraints.

Okay, so you have been warned Now, to install Mate in Ubuntu, open a terminal and use the following commands:

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/ppa
sudo apt-add-repository ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/trusty-mate
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-core ubuntu-mate-desktop

Using Mate desktop in Ubuntu 14.04

Once you have installed Mate, log out of the system. On the login screen, click on Ubuntu sign, besides the username, to choose a desktop environment:

In here, you’ll see plenty of options. Choose Mate to use Mate desktop environment:

Select that and enter your password and then you will be logged in to Mate desktop environment. Here is how did it look on my notebook. I really liked the Ubuntu Mate background.

In my brief testing, I did not find any visible issue with Mate. But then, I didn’t try a lot of things. Experience was smooth and no glitches were seen.

Going back to Unity from Mate

If you want to switch between Mate and Unity, restart the system (I did not see logout option in my brief testing). At login screen, you can switch between desktop from the right corner screen:

You may find that there are two network indicator applets running when you switch back to Unity.

Remove Mate desktop from Ubuntu 14.04

Okay! so you tried Mate and you did not like it. Now, how to uninstall Mate from Ubuntu? To do that, we shall be using PPA Purge. Install PPA Purge using the following command:

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge

Once you have installed PPA Purge, use the following commands to purge all the packages installed by those PPAs and revert the system back to what was before:

sudo ppa-purge ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/ppa
sudo ppa-purge ppa:ubuntu-mate-dev/trusty-mate

It just doesn’t end there. Uninstall remaining Mate packages also:

sudo apt-get remove mate-*
sudo apt-get autoremove

This will uninstall (almost) all the Mate packages. So now you won’t even see the Ubuntu Mate background while logging out. Unfortunately, by the time I am writing this article, I still have two issues remaining, one is that I still have two network indicator applets and second is that Unity Greeter is still showing the Mate version. I’ll fix them tomorrow perhaps, as I need to take my “beauty sleep”.

Did you install Mate in Ubuntu 14.04? How is your experience with it? If you face any issues or have questions, feel free to drop a comment. Ciao

Creating the first Windows Server 2003 Domain Controller in a domain

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sun, 29 Jun 2014 16:23:00 +0700

One of the greatest features of Windows Server 2003 is its ability to be a Domain Controller (DC). The features of a domain extend further than this tutorial ever could, but some of its most well known features are its ability to store user names and passwords on a central computer (the Domain Controller) or computers (several Domain Controllers). In this tutorial we will cover the "promoting" (or creating) of the first DC in a domain. This will include DNS installation, because without DNS the client computers wouldn't know who the DC is. You can host DNS on a different server, but we'll only deal with the basics.

Method:

Click Start -> Run...

Type "dcpromo" and click "OK"

You will see the first window of the wizard. As it suggests, I suggest reading the help associated with Active Directory. After this, click "Next"

Click "Next" on the compatibility window, and in the next window keep the default option of "Domain Controller for a new domain" selected, and click "Next"

In this tutorial we will create a domain in a new forest, because it is the first DC, so keep that option selected

Now we have to think of a name for our domain. If you own a web domain like "visualwin.com", you can use it, but it isn't suggested because computers inside of your domain may not be able to reach the company website. Active Directory domains don't need to be "real" domains like the one above - they can be anything you wish. So here I will create "visualwin.testdomain"

Now in order to keep things simple, we will use the first part of our domain ("visualwin"), which is the default selection, as the NetBIOS name of the domain

The next dialog suggests storing the AD database and log on separate hard disks, and so do I, but for this tutorial I'll just keep the defaults

The SYSVOL folder is a public share, where things like .MSI software packages can be kept when you will distribute packages (as I said, AD has a lot of different features). Once again, I will keep the default selection but it can be changed if you wish to use the space of another drive

Now we will get a message that basically says that you will need a DNS server in order for everything to work the way we want it (i.e., our "visualwin.testdomain" to be reachable). As I mentioned earlier, we will install the DNS server on this machine as well, but it can be installed elsewhere. So keep the default selection of "Install and configure", and click "Next"

Because, after all, this is a Windows Server 2003 tutorial website, we'll assume there are no pre-Windows 2000 servers that will be accessing this domain, so keep the default of "Permissions compatible only with Windows 2000 or Windows Server 2003 operating systems" and click "Next"

The restore mode password is the single password that all administrators hope to never use, however they should also never forget it because this is the single password that might save a failed server. Make sure it's easy to remember but difficult to guess

Now we will see a summary of what will happen. Make sure it's all correct because changing it afterwards can prove to be difficult

After the previous next was clicked, the actual process occurs. This can take several minutes. It's likely that you will be prompted for your Windows Server 2003 CD (for DNS) so have it handy

If your computer has a dynamically assigned address (from DHCP) you will be prompted to give it a static IP address. Click ok, and then in the Local Area Connection properties, click "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" and then "Properties"

In the next window select "Use the following IP address" and select the information that you will use for your domain (and 127.0.0.1 for the primary DNS, because your computer will host DNS. I still suggest setting up an alternate as well.) Click "OK" and then "Close" on the next window

And after a while you will see

And we're finished.

How To Install Ubuntu 13.10 Server

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 31 Dec 2013 22:32:00 +0700

Install Ubuntu 13.10 Server Step by Step

This is a step by step guide for beginners how to create bootable Ubuntu 13.10 Server USB and install it on your computer.

Requirements:

A Windows, Linux or Mac OS PC for burning the iso into USB
1GB+ USB stick
Ubuntu 13.10 Server ISO downloaded from releases.ubuntu.com/13.10

How to Create Bootable Ubuntu Server USB

First download Unetbootin executable, a simple tool to install Linux/BSD distributions to a partition or USB drive. It works on Windows, Linux and Mac.
Insert USB stick to computer and format (don’t use’Quick format’) to FAT. Open Unetbootin, in the picture below choose the Ubuntu 13.10 Server iso and your usb device and finally click OK to start the burning process.

create bootable ubuntu server usb

Once finished, connect the USB to the machine which you want to install Ubuntu Server on. Boot from the USB and you’ll see a screen with list of options include ‘Install Ubuntu Server’

Install Ubuntu 13.10 Server

Select ‘Install Ubuntu Server’ from the Unetbootin boot screen, then select your desired language in the screen below:

Ubuntu 13.10 Server select language

Click Install Ubuntu Server

install ubuntu 13.10 server

Choose the language for installation process and installed system:

Ubuntu 13.10 server installation language

Select your Country which will used to set your time zone:

Ubuntu 13.10 Server select location

Choose your locale settings. Then select YES to detect keyboard layout or NO to select from list.

Setup the hostname (Computer name).

Ubuntu 13.10 Server hostname

Enter your username and password to create an Administrator account. You can login with this user after installation:

Ubuntu 13.10 Server create user

Encrypt previous created user’s home directory or not:

Ubuntu 13.10 Server encrypt home directory

Select the partitioning method:

Guided – use the entire disk: it will automatically create the main EXT4 partition and swap area for Ubuntu using all disk storage.
Guided – use the entire disk and setup (encrypted) LVM: it will use the whole disk storage and you need to manually create EXT partition and Swap for Ubuntu Server.
Manual: If you have a dual-boot system or you want to keep a non-system partition on the disk, do it manually.

Ubuntu 13.10 Server partition

Confirm the partition and the installation will begin:

Ubuntu 13.10 Server installing process

Input HTTP proxy server IP. Leave it empty if you don’t have one.

Ubuntu 13.10 Server HTTP setup

It’ll take a few minutes configuring apt. If want, cancel it and do it afterwards.

Ubuntu 13.10 Server configure apt

In order to keep your system security, select ‘Install security updates Automatically’ in next screen:

Ubuntu 13.10 Server security updates

Now you can select to install OpenSSH server, DNS, LAMP, MAIL, PostgreSQL, Print, Samba, Tomcat, Virtual Machine Host from the list. Use arrow keys to highlight and Space to select, finally press Enter to go on.

Ubuntu 13.10 Server install software

Select to install Grub boot loader and finish the installation. Restart and login with the username and password you created:

Ubuntu 13.10 server login

Your Ubuntu 13.10 server is running now!

In the above awesome series, we want to add one more guide about Ubuntu 13.10 server installation. Here you go.

Download the latest version of Ubuntu 13.10 server edition here. Boot your server with latest Ubuntu 13.10 server ISO. You will see the following like screen.

Select your desired language.

Click Install Ubuntu Server.
Select Installation language.
Select your Country.
Configure locale settings.
Detect keyboard layout.
Select the keyboard layout.

Enter your server hostname.
Enter the username.
Choose user password.
If you want to encrypt the user home directory, select Yes, else select No.
Select the partitioning method.
Now installation will begin.
If you have any proxy server on your network, enter the proxy server IP address.
Select Install security updates automatically and press enter.
Choose the software to install.
Click Yes to install Grub boot loader. Installation is completed now. Select Continue to reboot the server.
Login to Ubuntu server.
Enter the username and password to login.
That’s it. Your Ubuntu 13.10 server is up and running now.
- See more at: http://www.unixmen.com/install-ubuntu-server-13-10-step-step/#sthash.RU7bfzUP.dpuf

How to Install Nuvola Player in Ubuntu

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 21 Oct 2013 15:19:00 +0700

Install Nuvola Player in Ubuntu

Nuvola is a cloud melodies integration for your Linux desktop. It supports Google Play melodies, Amazon Cloud contestant, 8tracks, Grooveshark, Hype Machine, Pandora, Rido.

whereas the maintainer has ceased the development of this task, it’s still available for Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy, Ubuntu 13.04, Ubuntu 12.04 and their derivatives on its PPA.

Tutorial Objectives:

Install Nuvola Player in Ubuntu 13.10
relish!

To get begun, press Ctrl+Alt+T on your keyboard to open fatal. When it undoes, run command below to add the unstable PPA which works great on my laptop.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nuvola-player-builders/unstable

Then update system package lists:

sudo apt-get update

Install the cloud player as well as the flash plugin:

sudo apt-get install nuvolaplayer nuvolaplayer-flashplugin

How to establish Emerald in Ubuntu 13.10 & Linux Mint 16

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Mon, 21 Oct 2013 15:11:00 +0700

How to Install Emerald in Ubuntu 13.10 & Linux Mint 16

Emerald is a custom window decorator which was transported with Compiz. It adorns windows boundaries and name bars by installing and editing topics.

Emerald has been ceased, but the newest v0.9.5 works great in all present Canonical sustained Ubuntu releases. Webupd8 group has conceived a PPA for Ubuntu 13.04, Ubuntu 12.10, Ubuntu 12.04. Here’s how to install and use Emerald in Ubuntu 13.10.

Emerald ubuntu 13.10

Tutorial Objectives:

establish Emerald Window Decorator in Ubuntu 13.10

relish!

To get started, press Ctrl+ALt+T on your keyboard to open terminal. When it opens, run command to install the required packages:

sudo apt-get install git autoconf libtool libwnck1.0-cil-dev libwnck-dev intltool libdecoration0-dev gawk compizconfig-settings-manager

Download the source tarball:

wget cgit.compiz.org/fusion/decorators/emerald/snapshot/emerald-0.9.5.tar.gz

Uncompress and go into result folder:

tar -zxvf emerald-0.9.5.tar.gz && cd emerald-0.9.5/

Run commands below one by one to compile it:

./autogen.sh
make clean
make distclean
./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib${LIBDIRSUFFIX} LIBS='-ldl -lm'
make
sudo make install

To enable Emerald:

emerald --replace &

To make Emerald permanently, install CompizConfig Settings Manager from Ubuntu Software Center. Open CCSM and navigate to Effects -> Window Decoration. In command area replace the default with emerald --replace &

After all, open Emerald Window Manager from Unity Dash.

How to Restoring iptables Automatically On Boot on Debian and Ubuntu

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 19:42:00 +0700

For some reason, Debian can’t do “/etc/init.d/iptables save”. There is no option in iptables which will make your rules permanent. But you can use iptables-save and iptables-restore to fulfill your task.

To save iptables rules to some file like /etc/iptables.rules using following command:

$ sudo iptables-save > /etc/iptables.rules

To make sure the iptables rules are started on a reboot we’ll create a new file:

$ sudo vi /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables

Add these lines to it:

#!/bin/bash

iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules

Don’t forget to make it executable:

$ sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/iptables

Other you can create the following if-up.d script called iptables that restores the saved iptables rule set.

$ sudo vi /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables

#!/bin/bash

iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules

$ sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-up.d/iptables

Alternatively, you can add “iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules” command to /etc/rc.local, which gets executed at the end of system boot-up.
Add the following command in /etc/rc.local to reload the rules in every reboot.

$ sudo vi /etc/rc.local

iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.rules

How to Compile FFMPEG with H.264 and LAME in Ubuntu And Debian

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 19:39:00 +0700

This guide will provide the latest FFmpeg code and enable several external encoding and decoding libraries:fdk-aac (AAC encoder), libfaac (AAC encoder), libmp3lame (MP3 encoder), libopencore-amr (AMR encoder/decoder), librtmp (for additional RTMP protocols), libtheora (Theora encoder), libvorbis (Vorbis encoder), libvpx (VP8 encoder/decoder), and libx264 (H.264 encoder). These are optional and may be omitted if desired. This guide will also install many filters, including the subtitles filter for hardcoding subtitles (see the filter list in the Filtering Guide).

If necessary, uninstall x264, libx264-dev, and ffmpeg:

$ sudo apt-get remove ffmpeg x264 libx264-dev yasm

Get the dependencies (Ubuntu Desktop users):

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get -y install autoconf
 build-essential checkinstall git libass-dev libfaac-dev libgpac-dev 
libjack-jackd2-dev libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev 
libopencore-amrwb-dev librtmp-dev libsdl1.2-dev libtheora-dev libtool 
libva-dev libvdpau-dev libvorbis-dev libx11-dev libxext-dev 
libxfixes-dev pkg-config texi2html zlib1g-dev

 

Get the dependencies (Ubuntu Server or headless users):

$ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get -y install autoconf
 build-essential checkinstall git libass-dev libfaac-dev libgpac-dev 
libmp3lame-dev libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev librtmp-dev 
libtheora-dev libtool libvorbis-dev pkg-config texi2html zlib1g-dev

Compilation & Installation

1. Yasm

Yasm is an assembler used by x264 and FFmpeg.

$wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

$ tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz

$ cd yasm-1.2.0

$ ./configure

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=yasm --pkgversion="1.2.0" --backup=no --deldoc=yes --default

2. Install x264

H.264 video encoder. The following commands will get the current source files, compile, and install x264. See the x264 Encoding Guide for some usage examples.

$ git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264

$ cd x264

$ ./configure --enable-static --enable-shared --enable-debug --enable-gprof

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=x264 --pkgversion="3:$(./version.sh | \

    awk -F'[" ]' '/POINT/{print $4"+git"$5}')" --backup=no --deldoc=yes \

    --fstrans=no --default

3. fdk-aac

AAC audio encoder. See the AAC Encoding Guide for more information and examples.

$ git clone --depth 1 git://github.com/mstorsjo/fdk-aac.git

$ cd fdk-aac

$ autoreconf –fiv

$ ./configure --disable-shared

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=fdk-aac --pkgversion="$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)-git" --backup=no \

  --deldoc=yes --fstrans=no --default

4. libmp3lame

MP3 audio encoder.

$ sudo apt-get remove libmp3lame-dev

$ sudo apt-get install nasm    

$ wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

$ tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz

$ cd lame-3.99.5

$ ./configure --enable-nasm --disable-shared

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=lame-ffmpeg --pkgversion="3.99.5" --backup=no --default --deldoc=yes

5. libopus

Opus audio decoder and encoder.

$ git clone --depth 1 git://git.xiph.org/opus.git

$ cd opus

$ ./autogen.sh

$ ./configure --disable-shared

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=libopus --pkgversion="$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)-git" --backup=no \

  --deldoc=yes --fstrans=no --default

6. libvpx

VP8/VP9 video encoder and decoder. See the vpx (WebM) Encoding Guide for more information and examples.

$ git clone --depth 1 http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git

$ cd libvpx

$ ./configure --disable-examples --disable-unit-tests

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=libvpx --pkgversion="1:$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)-git" --backup=no \

  --deldoc=yes --fstrans=no --default

7. ffmpeg

Note: Server users should remove --enable-x11grab from the following command:

$ git clone --depth 1 git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg

$ cd ffmpeg

$ ./configure --enable-gpl --enable-libass --enable-libfaac --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libmp3lame \

  --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-librtmp --enable-libtheora \

  --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-x11grab --enable-libx264 --enable-nonfree --enable-version3

$ make

$ sudo checkinstall --pkgname=ffmpeg --pkgversion="7:$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M)-git" --backup=no \

  --deldoc=yes --fstrans=no --default

$ hash -r

Finish

Installation is now complete and ffmpeg is now ready for use. Check to see if you’re using your new ffmpeg:

$ ffmpeg 2>&1 | head -n1

ffmpeg version git-2013-05-18-5918b7a Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers

How to Install Linux on a Playstation 2

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 19:33:00 +0700

To install linux you need the following things:

Playstation 2 (e.g. SCPH-50004 or SCPH-39004, slim PSTwo SCPH-70000 is not recommended).
PS2 Linux Kernel with VFAT support (devfs)
PS2 Linux Kernel without devfs
Initial ramdisk
Bootloader Kernelloader
Linux distribution to install. Please download blackrhino_baseimage-1.0.tar.gz from Sourceforge Download
USB memory stick
Hard disc (recommended), all data will be deleted (you can also use a USB memory stick, but then you need to change the scsi device path at your own)
Network adapter SCPH-10350 or SCPH-10281 for PS2 (recommended, required to connect the hard disc)
USB keyboard
TV screen and a video cable (you can use the normal PS2 video cable)
PS2 memory card (recommended, but not required)
A method to boot the files is required to start kloader.elf. Please choose one:

Modchip (I don't have a modchip, but this method should work, you need to generate a system.cnf file to start kloader.elf)
Action Replay: The ARmax media player can start kloader.elf
Memory card exploit memory card exploit (not working with slim PSTwo)
Memory card exploit Free McBoot (working with old slim PSTwo)

Download vmlinux and initrd files.

Note: It is easier to start the Linux Live DVD and extract the baseimage from the DVD. The base image is at /oldroot/cdrom/SRC/BASE-1.0.TGZ. The kernel is on the DVD at BOOT/VMLINUX.GZ.
To get the command line, you need to start xterm from the menu. Then you need to enter the command "su" to get root access.

Steps:

Note: The screen shots are from an old kernelloader version, you should use the newest version.

Create directory "ps2linux" on a USB memory stick and copy all files here (vmlinux, vmlinux.devfs, initrd.gz and blackrhino_baseimage-1.0.tar.gz).
Start "kloader.elf" using your preferred booting method. At startup you will see the following screen. You can use the PS2 controller to navigate through the menu. The button CROSS selects a menu entry. It is also possible to use a USB keyboard and press UP and DOWN keys. You can select a menu entry by pressing RETURN.
Select kernel vmlinux.devfs. This kernel supports VFAT used on most USB memory sticks.
Select initial ramdisk (initrd). We need a small system to install Linux.
Disable "dmarelay.irx" (recommended). This is only required if you use other kernels with DMA support.
Boot Linux
Create Linux partitions on hard disc (CAUTION: all data will be deleted).
- fdisk /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/disc
  Commands (key + return):
  "p" - Show partitions
  "d" - Delete partitions
  "n" - Create partitions
  "t" - CHange partition type
  "w" - Write data back
  "q" - Quit
  
  If you use a kernel without devfs (e.g. from the Live DVD), the command is different:
  fdisk /dev/hda - internal IDE hard disc
  fdisk /dev/sda - first external USB mass storage
  fdisk /dev/sdb - second external USB mass storage
  
  Steps:
  1. Show all partitions with "p".
  2. Delete all partitions with "d".
  3. Create a swap partition with "n", "p", "1", "1", "+128M".
  4. Change partition type with "t", "1", "82".
  5. Create root partition with "n", "p", "2", return, return.
  6. Write partition data on hard disc with "w"
Format swap partition (CAUTION: Delete all data on hard disc):
- mkswap /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1
  If you use a kernel without devfs (e.g. from the Live DVD), the command is different:
  mkswap /dev/hda1 - internal IDE hard disc
  mkswap /dev/sda1 - first external USB mass storage
  mkswap /dev/sdb1 - second external USB mass storage
Format root partition (CAUTION: Delete all data on hard disc):
- mke2fs /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part2
  If you use a kernel without devfs (e.g. from the Live DVD), the command is different:
  mke2fs /dev/hda2 - internal IDE hard disc
  mke2fs /dev/sda2 - first external USB mass storage
  mke2fs /dev/sdb2 - second external USB mass storage
Mount hard disc
- mkdir /mnt
- mount /dev/ide/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part2 /mnt
  If you use a kernel without devfs (e.g. from the Live DVD), the command is different:
  mount /dev/hda2 /mnt - internal IDE hard disc
  mount /dev/sda2 /mnt - first external USB mass storage
  mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt - second external USB mass storage
Mount USB memory stick (read only):
- mkdir /usb
- mount -r /dev/scsi/host0/bus0/target0/lun0/part1 /usb
  If you use a kernel without devfs (e.g. from the Live DVD), the command is different:
  mount -r /dev/sda1 /usb - first external USB mass storage
  mount -r /dev/sdb1 /usb - second external USB mass storage
Extract Linux distribution
cd mnt
tar -xzf /usb/ps2linux/black~1.gz
There will be many messages printed showing that date is in the future.
Customize Linux installation:
- vi /mnt/etc/fstab
  Commands:
  ESC - Get back to command mode.
  "i" - Insert text.
  "x" - Remove character.
  ":wq" - Save and quit.
  ":q!" - Quit and don't save.
  - Exchange "hda1" and "hda2". "hda1" must be swap. "hda2" must be "ext2".
    If you installed to USB memory device, exchange hda by sda.
Unmount and reboot:
- cd /
- unmount /mnt
- unmount /usb
- shutdown -h now
Start "kloader.elf" using your preferred booting method.
Select kernel vmlinux.
Disable initrd
Change kernel parameter using USB keyboard to "crtmode=pal root=/dev/hda2 ro" or "crtmode=ntsc root=/dev/hda2 ro" (Keep your "pal" or "ntsc" setting).
If you installed on USB mass storage, you need to use initrd.usb2.gz and kernel parameter "newroot=/dev/sda1" for first partition or "newroot="/dev/sda2" for second partition and remove parameter "root".
Save configuration.
Boot Linux.
You can now login as "root" user and use Linux.

apt-fast: Improve apt-get Download Speed

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 19:23:00 +0700

apt-fast is a “shell script wrapper” for apt-get and aptitude that can drastically improve APT download times by downloading packages with multiple connections per package. apt-fast uses aria2c or axel download managers to speed up the APT download time. Just like the traditional apt-get package manager, apt-fast supports almost all apt-get functions such as install, remove, update, upgrade, dist-upgrade etc. And one more notable feature is it supports proxy too.

Install apt-fast On Ubuntu

Use the following PPA to install apt-fast. apt-fast developer says “Some distros, such as PCLinuxOS include apt-fast in their default repos”. I expect the same in Ubuntu/Debian default repositories.

To Add apt-fast PPA, enter the following command in Terminal.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:apt-fast/stable

Update the sources list with command:

sudo apt-get update

Now install it using command:

sudo apt-get install apt-fast

During installation it will ask you to select the maximum number connections to download packages.

Select No and continue installation. If you select Yes, apt-get won’t ask you the confirmation during any package installation.

I found aria2 download manager has been installed along with apt-fast installation automatically. So you don’t have to install it separately.

If you want re-configure apt-fast options, you can do it using command:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure apt-fast

Usage

Similar to apt-get functions, we can use:

apt-fast install package

apt-fast remove package

apt-fast update

apt-fast upgrade

apt-fast dist-upgrade

and more.

apt-fast package manager in action:

Create alias (Optional)

Edit ~/.bashrc file and add the following line at the end.

alias apt-get='apt-fast'

Or simply run the following command to add it in your ~/.bashrc file.

sudo echo "alias apt-get='apt-fast'" >> ~/.bashrc

From now whenever you run apt-get command to install, remove, update and upgrade packages, it will use apt-fast automatically in the background. Sounds cool? Yes it should.

During testing i found it very fast compared to apt-get when downloading packages. Give it a try, you will agree with me. Cheers!!

How To Use Python To SSH To Your Machine

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 19:06:00 +0700

It is time for some python programming. I love automating stuff and this time I will display you friends how to connect to your appliance via ssh utilising python and run order on it. It is not hard, but at the same time not very very simple to do this in python, since there are many modules and libraries to do this task. Are you inquisitive about the module we will use in this tutorial?

We will use pxssh class of the pexpect module in Python which is utilised to to take care of some of the automation desires, like ssh and ftp. Do you desire to make your sysadmin lifestyle as easy as possible? Then, why don’t you aim on this tutorial and try to learn as much as likely? Ok ,ok, i got your vigilance now, so let me give you guys a easy recount about pxssh. You can also get data about pxssh by typing help(pxssh) after trading it in a python interactive case.

Pxssh recount

Pxssh is founded on pexpect. It’s class extends pexpect.spawn to focus setting up SSH connections. I use pxssh often for making ssh attachments in python. Pxssh uses the shell punctual to synchronize yield from the isolated host. In alignment to make this more robust it sets the shell prompt to certain thing more exclusive than just $ or #. This should work on most Borne/Bash or Csh method seashells.

You can read more about pxssh here.

Now let the joy begin.

In the first step, we trade everything we need and accredit machine details to variables like shown in number 1.

number 1

Then we conceive a function which will use pxssh to conceive and start a connection with the ssh server.

Figure 2

Study mindfully how we use try and except so we can handle errors. Read more about error management in python here.

What is the next step?

The next step is to conceive a function which will send the command to the machine after the ssh connection between two machines is established.

Figure 3

number 4

Now close the file and save it. It is prepared to run.

How To Porting a Windows App to Linux with Visual Studio

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 18:58:00 +0700

Porting a Windows App to Linux with Visual Studio

This tutorial displays how to dock a easy Windows application to Linux by conceiving a Linux configuration in a Visual Studio task with VisualGDB.

Before we begin, ensure that VisualGDB 4.0 or later is installed.

Now switch the current configuration back to Debug and hit F5 to run the Windows version of your program:
The last page allows specifying the location of the source files on the Linux machine. You can proceed with the default settings:
On the next page select the Linux computer you want to use. You can also select a different toolchain:
VisualGDB will start the Linux Configuration Wizard. Enter "LinuxDebug" as the configuration name:
Our first step will be to create a simple console application for Windows. Start Visual Studio and select File->New->Project.
Select "Win32 Console Application":
Proceed with the default settings and press "Finish". Visual Studio will create a basic console application. Add the following code to the main file:
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h>
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
    printf("HOMEPATH=%s\n", getenv("HOMEPATH"));
    printf("HOME=%s\n", getenv("HOME"));
    return 0;
}
Build the project. If the build complains about the getenv() function, add the following line to the beginning of stdafx.h:
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
Run the project and observe its output. Note that on Windows the HOME variable is undefined:
Now we will create a new Linux configuration for the project. Select Project->Add VisualGDB Configuration->New Linux Configuration:
When you press Finish, VisualGDB will create a new project configuration and a corresponding solution configuration. As certain Windows-specific files are missing on the Linux machine, the compilation will fail with several errors. We will fix them in the next steps:
Open the stdafx.h file and remove references to SDKDDKVer.h and tchar.h:
Rename _tmain() to main() and replace _TCHAR with char. Build the project. You will notice that the modified source files will be transferred to the Linux machine and built there using GCC, the standard compiler on Linux systems:
Set a breakpoint on the return statement and run the program. Observe the output:
As Windows and Linux use different variable names (HOMEPATH vs HOME), we had to write two separate getenv() lines. Now we will add conditional compilation statements to ensure that only one line is used on each OS. We could test for the _MSC_VER macro on Windows (that is set by the Visual C++ compiler) or the LINUX macro that is defined by Linux headers, however in this tutorial we will show how to add your own macro. Right-click on the project, select VisualGDB Project Properties and go to the Makefile Settings page. Add BUILDING_FOR_LINUX to Preprocessor Macros:
Now press OK and add the #ifndef BUILDING_FOR_LINUX statement to your code. Build and run the program. Observe that the output only contains one line now:
As most of the API (except for the basic standard functions) is different between Linux and Windows, you may want avoid having too many #ifdef statements and simplify your porting. You can accomplish this in one of the following ways:
- Use a multi-platform framework like QT that abstracts out the differences between platforms
- Install Cygwin and create a Cygwin configuration via Project->Add VisualGDB Configuration->Windows. Cygwin provides equivalents to most Linux APIs on Windows so once you have ported your app to Linux you can build the Windows version of it without too many changes

How To Install HideMyAss VPN in Linux

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Tue, 15 Oct 2013 18:47:00 +0700

Set up HideMyAss VPN in Linux

Install HideMyAss VPN in Linux

A virtual personal mesh (VPN) expands a personal mesh across a public network, such as the Internet. It endows a computer to drive and obtain facts and figures across distributed or public systems as if it were directly attached to the private mesh, while benefiting from the functionality, security and management policies of the private network. This is finished by establishing a virtual point-to-point attachment through the use of dedicated attachments, encryption, or a blend of the two.

VPNs allow workers to securely access their company’s intranet while traveling out-of-doors the agency. Similarly, VPNs securely and cost-effectively attach geographically disparate offices of an association, conceiving one cohesive virtual mesh. VPN expertise is also utilised by commonplace Internet users to attach to proxy servers for the reason of protecting one’s identity.”

Now that you know what a vpn is, would you like to boost your online security? You can furthermore use a vpn service to surf the internet anonymously, bypass censorship or encrypt your connection. Many of you are well known with vpn services and maybe HMA Pro VPN service, so this article aim is to teach beginner linux users how to use the HMA vpn in their linux machines after they have subscribed to the service.

HMA vpn is available for Windows, Linux, Mac, and smartphones. To use vpn services you need a vpn programs. Once you are logged in your command panel dwelling you can outlook your present subscription rank and download the exact client for your appliance.

Download Linux-1.3 purchaser and extract in your very popular directory. But, in alignment to use the purchaser you need to install openvpn. You can establish openvpn by typing “sudo apt-get establish swirl around openvpn” in your terminal like shown in

Figure 1

Download Linux-1.3 client and extract in your favorite directory. But, in order to use the client you need to install openvpn. You can install openvpn by typing “sudo apt-get install curl openvpn” in your terminal like shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2

As you see from Figure 3 i have already installed openvpn.

Figure 3

Once you have installed openvpn, open a new terminal and cd to the directory where you extracted the linux pack from Hidemyass site. The zip archive has a shell script which is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4

Run the script like shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5

After the script is executed it shows you the usage instructions and gives some examples. Now, it is time to connect to a server. I like to connect to UK, so i type “./hma-vpn.sh UK”. So easy, isn’t it?

Figure 6

Now, type your username and password and everything will go ok.

- See more at: http://www.unixmen.com/install-hide-ass-vpn-linux/#sthash.AlOuMFLv.dpuf

As you see from number 3 i have already installed openvpn.

Once you have established openvpn, open a new fatal and cd to the book or directions where you extracted the linux pack from Hidemyass site. The zip archive has a case script which is shown in number 4.

Run the script like shown in number 5.

Figure 1

Figure 2

As you see from Figure 3 i have already installed openvpn.

Figure 3

Once you have installed openvpn, open a new terminal and cd to the directory where you extracted the linux pack from Hidemyass site. The zip archive has a shell script which is shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4

Run the script like shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5

Figure 6

Now, type your username and password and everything will go ok.

- See more at: http://www.unixmen.com/install-hide-ass-vpn-linux/#sthash.AlOuMFLv.dpuf

After the script is performed it displays you the usage directions and gives some demonstrations. Now, it is time to attach to a server. I like to attach to UK, so i type “./hma-vpn.sh UK”. So very simple, isn’t it?

Now, type your username and password and everything will go ok

Set up HideMyAss VPN in Linux

How to setup RDS ( Relational Database Service ) on Amazon

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Thu, 11 Jul 2013 18:11:00 +0700

RDS is a separate service on AWS. On creating a new RDS instance , you will get a username, password and a hostname to use it on your application.

After install RDS point your database towards RDS Or you can install PhpMyadmin in your EBS instance and in its configuration file give RDS details to connect.

You will get following details after you install RDS instance.

DB Version:- Mysql 5.5.27
Instance Class:- db.m1.medium
Allocated Storage: 1024 GB
DB Instance Identifier: rds-ctechz
Master Username: root
Master Password: 12345678
Hostname / Endpoint
:The DNS address of the DB Instance.--- rds-ctechz.ckieen0iiljz.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com

# mysql -uroot -p -P3306 -h rds-ctechz.ckieen0iiljz.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com

Please check the installation steps below:-

1.

2. RDS-DashBoard

3. LaunchDBInstance

4. DB-InstanceWizard

5. SelectDB

6. DBDetails

7. CreatingBDName-and-port

8. DB-Backup-Planning

9. LaunchDB-Instance

10.

11. LaunchingDBInstance

12.

13. DB-Description

14. ConfigureDB-SecurityGroups-forAccessingDBInstance

15.

16.

16.1

16.2

16.3

16.4

17.

How to Start and stop daemons via sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 20:25:00 +0700

Problem: you want specific non-superusers to start and stop system daemons

Solution: Here we let four our different users to start,stop, and restart web servers. The script for doing so is /etc/init.d/httpd

/etc/sudoers:
User_Alias FOLKS=barbara, l33t, jimmy, miroslav

Cmnd_Alias DAEMONS=/etc/init.d/httpd start, /etc/init.d/httpd stop, /etc/init.d/httpd restart

FOLKS ALL = (ALL) DAEMONS

How to Authorize Password changes via sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 20:20:00 +0700

Problem: you want to permit a user to change the passwords of certain other users.

Solution: To permit smith to change the passwords of jones, chu, anf agarwal:

/etc/sudoers:
smith ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/passwd jones, /usr/bin/passwd chu, /usr/bin/passwd agarwal

The NOPASSWD tag is optional.

How to Permitting read-only access to a shared file via sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 20:07:00 +0700

Problem: Two or more users want to share a file, some read/write and others read-only.

Solution: Create two linux groups, one for read/write and one for read-only users:

/etc/group:
readers:x:300:r1,r2,r3,r4
writers:x:301:w1,w2,w3

Permit the writers group to write the file via group permissions:

# chmod 660 shared_file
# chgrp writers shared_file

Permit the readers group to read the file via sudo:

/etc/sudoers:
%readers ALL = (w1) /bin/cat /path/to/shared_file

Note: If a file must be writable by a group of teaching assistants but read-only to a group of students. if there were only two users-one reader and one writer - you could dispense with groups and simply let the reader access the file via sudo.

if smith is the reader and jones the writer, and we give smith the following capability:

/etc/sudoers:
smith ALL = (jones) NOPASSWD: /bin/cat /home/jones/private.stuff

then jones can protect her file:

jones$ chmod 600 $HOME/private.stuff

and smith can view it:

smith$ sudo -u jones cat /home/jones/private.stuff

How to Prohibiting Command-line arguments with sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 19:58:00 +0700

Problem: ou want to permit a command to be run via sudo, but only without command-line arguments.

Solution: Follow the pgm name with the single argument :: in /etc/sudoers:

/etc/sudoers:
smith ALL = (root) /usr/local/bin/mycommand ""

smith$ sudo -u root mycommand a b c ---- Rejected
smith$ sudo -u root mycommand ---- Authorized

NOTE:
if you specify no arguments to a command in /etc/sudoers, then by default any arguments are permitted.

/etc/sudoers:
smith ALL = (root) /usr/local/bin/mycommand

smith$ sudo -u root mycommand a b c ----- Authorized
Use "" to prevent any runtime arguments from being authorized.

How to run any program in a directory via sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 19:35:00 +0700

Problem: Authorize a user to run all programs in a given directory, but only those programs, as another user.

Solution: Specify a fully-qualified directory name instead of a command, ending it with a slash

/etc/sudoers:
smith ALL = (root) /usr/local/bin/

smith$ sudo -u root /usr/local/bin/mycommand   Authorized
smith$ sudo -u root /usr/bin/emacs             Rejected

This authorization does not descend into subdirectories
smith$ sudo -u root /usr/local/bin/gnu/emacs    Rejected

How to Grant privileges to a group via sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 19:05:00 +0700

Problem: Let a set of users run commands as another user,

Solution: Define a linux group containing those users,

/etc/group:
mygroup:x:1200:joe,jane,hiram,krishna

then create a sudo rule with the %groupname syntax:

/etc/sudoers:
# let the group run a particular program
%mygroup ALL = (root) /usr/local/bin/mycommand arg1 arg2
# give full superuser privilages to the group
%mygroup ALL = (ALL) ALL

How to Authorize per host machines in sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 19:03:00 +0700

Problem: You want to allow a user authorization privileges only on certain machines

Solution: First, define a list of machines:

/etc/sudoers
Host_Alias SAFE_HOSTS = banana, cherry, grapes

Let smith run a program as jones on these machines:
# smith SAFE_HOSTS = (jones) /usr/local/bin/mycommand

Let smith run all programs as jones on these machines:
# smith SAFE_HOSTS = (jones) ALL

How to Bypass Password Authentication using sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 18:55:00 +0700

Problem: You want one user to run a command as another user without supplying a password

Solution: Use sudo's NOPASSWD tag, which indicates to sudo that no password is needed for authentication.

/etc/sudoers
smith ALL = (jones) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/mycommand args
smith ALL = (root) NOPASSWD: /usr/local/bin/my_script ""

Password-less authentication is particularly useful for batch jobs.

How to Run commands as another user via sudo

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 18:52:00 +0700

Problem: You want one user to run commands as another, without sharing passwords

Solution: Suppose you want user smith to be able to run a given command as user jones.

/etc/sudoers
smith ALL = (jones) /usr/local/bin/mycommand

user smith
smith$ sudo -u jones /usr/local/bin/mycommand
smith$ sudo -u jones mycommand --- if /usr/local/bin/ is in $PATH

user smith will be prompted for his own password, not jones's. The ALL keyword, which matches anything, in this case specifies that the line is valid on any host.

Some useful RPM commands in Linux

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Wed, 3 Jul 2013 17:05:00 +0700

RPM (Red Hat Package Manager)

RPM keeps the information of all the installed packages under /var/lib/rpm database.

RPM is the only way to install packages under Linux systems, if you’ve installed packages using source code, then rpm won’t manage it.

RPM deals with .rpm files, which contains the actual information about the packages such as: what it is, from where it comes, dependencies info, version info etc.

There are five basic modes for RPM command

Install : It is used to install any RPM package.
Remove:It is used to erase,remove or un-install any
RPM package.
Upgrade : It is used to update the existing RPM package.
Verify : It is used to query about different RPM packages.
Query : It is used for the verification of any RPM package.

Please remember you must be root user when installing packages in Linux, with the root privileges you can manage rpm commands with their appropriate options.

1.Check an RPM Signature Package

Always check the PGP signature of packages before installing them on your Linux systems and make sure its integrity and origin is OK.

# rpm --checksig epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

2.How to Install an RPM Package

# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

-i : install a package
-v : verbose for a nicer display
-h : print hash marks as the package archive is unpacked.

3.How to check dependencies of RPM Package before Installing

# rpm -qpR BitTorrent-5.2.2-1-Python2.4.noarch.rpm

-q : Query a package
-p : List capabilities this package provides.
-R : List capabilities on which this package depends..

4.How to Install a RPM Package Without Dependencies

# rpm -ivh --nodeps epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

above command forcefully install rpm package by ignoring dependencies errors, but if those dependency files are missing, then the program will not work at all, until you install them.

5.How to check an Installed RPM Package

# rpm -q BitTorrent-5.2.2-1-Python2.4.noarch.rpm

6.How to List all files of an installed RPM package

# rpm -ql BitTorrent

7.How to List Recently Installed RPM Packages

# rpm -qa --last

to List All Installed RPM Packages

# rpm -qa

8.How to upgrade rpm package

# rpm -Uvh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

9.To Remove a RPM Package

# rpm -e packagename

-e --- erase

10.How to Remove an RPM Package Without Dependencies

# rpm -ev --nodeps packagename

11.How to Query a file that belongs which RPM Package

# rpm -qf /usr/bin/htpasswd

-qf -- query file

12.How to Query a Information of Installed RPM Package

# rpm -qi vsftpd

-qi (query info)

13.How to Query documentation of Installed RPM Package

# rpm -qdf /usr/bin/vmstat
-qdf (query document file)

14.How to Verify a RPM Package

# rpm -Vp BitTorrent-5.2.2-1-Python2.4.noarch.rpm

Verifying a package compares information of installed files of the package against the rpm database.

The -Vp (verify package) is used to verify a package.

How to Verify all RPM Packages
# rpm -Va

15.How to Import an RPM GPG key

# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

16.How to List all Imported RPM GPG keys

# rpm -qa gpg-pubkey*

17.How To rebuild Corrupted RPM Database

Sometimes rpm database gets corrupted and stops all the functionality of rpm and other applications on the system.
So, at the time we need to rebuild the rpm database and restore it with the help of following command.

# cd /var/lib
# rm __db*
# rpm --rebuilddb
# rpmdb_verify Packages

Mysql Master-Slave Replication after slave fails

noreply@blogger.com (Anonymous) — Sat, 29 Jun 2013 01:18:00 +0700

1. From slave if we run mysql> mysql slave status;
it will show last bin file slave reads from master
and all,so start from that bin file to sink with master to slave.

2. Set Master configuration on the Slave.
Execute the following command on a MySQL prompt to sink slave with master:

mysql > CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’10.100.10.80’, MASTER_USER=’repl’, MASTER_PASSWORD=’slavepassword’, MASTER_LOG_FILE=’mysql-bin.000003’, MASTER_LOG_POS=106;

This is how you tell Slave how to connect to Master in order to replicate. Note the log coordinates. These are the coordinates you got from step 1 above.

[
Now we need to tell the slave where the master is located, which binlog file to use, and which position to start. Issue this CHANGE MASTER TO
command on the slave server(s): (don’t forget to change the values to match your master server)

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='master IP address',
-> MASTER_USER='replication user',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='replication user password',
-> MASTER_PORT=3306,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000015',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=540,
-> MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=10;

mysql> show warnings\G

Two values to note in the slave status shows us that our CHANGE MASTER TO statement worked:

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000015
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 540
]

3. Stop MySQL

4. Start MySQL normally

Checking out that everything is OK

Having started the slave MySQL node, you can log in and issue some commands to make sure that Slave is running OK.

On mysql prompt, give the following command:

mysql> show processlist;

You can see the SQL thread that gets data from Master (in the above output is the thread with Id 2) and the SQL thread that executes the statements on Slave (in the output is the thread with Id 1).

2. mysql> show slave status;

This will display the current status on slave. Pay attention to the *_Errno and *_Error columns. Normally, you shouldn’t see anything that indicates existence of errors there.

3. On mysql prompt, give the following command

mysql> show status like ‘Slave%’;

You should see an output like the following:
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Slave_open_temp_tables | 0 |
| Slave_retried_transactions | 0 |
| Slave_running | ON |
+----------------------------+-------+

Pay attention to Slave_running being with value ON.

Important note on binary log time to live

As we have said before, you can have Slave down and
re-synchronize as soon as you bring it up again.But do not put it out of service for quite long because, then it will be impossible to synchronize its content with Master.

This is because the binary logs on Master do not leave forever.

There is the variable with name expire_logs_days that determines the number of days for automatic binary log file removal. Check this out. This should be 10, meaning that if you ever have your Slave down for 10 days or more, it will not be able to do replication as soon as you bring it up, and you will have to everything from the beginning.

Tutorial Opensource and Linux

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How to Restoring iptables Automatically On Boot on Debian and Ubuntu

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1. Yasm

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3. fdk-aac

4. libmp3lame

5. libopus

6. libvpx

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Finish

How to Install Linux on a Playstation 2

Steps:

apt-fast: Improve apt-get Download Speed

How To Use Python To SSH To Your Machine

How To Porting a Windows App to Linux with Visual Studio

Porting a Windows App to Linux with Visual Studio

How To Install HideMyAss VPN in Linux

Set up HideMyAss VPN in Linux

Set up HideMyAss VPN in Linux

How to setup RDS ( Relational Database Service ) on Amazon

How to Start and stop daemons via sudo

How to Authorize Password changes via sudo

How to Permitting read-only access to a shared file via sudo

How to Prohibiting Command-line arguments with sudo

How to run any program in a directory via sudo

How to Grant privileges to a group via sudo

How to Authorize per host machines in sudo

How to Bypass Password Authentication using sudo

How to Run commands as another user via sudo

Some useful RPM commands in Linux

Mysql Master-Slave Replication after slave fails