Ubuntu Linux Tutorials, Tips & News

How to download an MP3 track from a YouTube video

2014-07-09T11:11:00.001-07:00

Install youtube-dl from the official repository in Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install youtube-dl

To download a video execute the following:

youtube-dl <url>

E.g

youtube-dl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_z-hEyVQDRA

You can also specify other options

-b            Best quality
-m            Mobile version
-d            High Definition
-g            Don’t download, just show the url
-c            Resume download of a video which was interrupted before
-w            Don’t overwrite existing file

For complete list of switches execute man youtube-dl in terminal.

Information from http://www.absolutelytech.com/2010/06/26/howto-download-youtube-video-from-command-line-ubuntu/
Converting to mp3

Now install ffmpeg from the official repo.

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

Next have a look to make sure the flv file has downloaded from youtube by typing

ls *flv

This will list all the flv files you have. What you should see is a flv file with the same name as the 'v' component of the youtube url you downloaded.

E.g if you downloaded http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_z-hEyVQDRA then you should have a file called _z-hEyVQDRA.flv

Next you need to copy that file name and then put it in an ffmpg command like

ffmpeg -i <file name>.flv -acodec liblamemp3 <song name>.mp3

So for this example you would type

ffmpeg -i _z-hEyVQDRA.flv -acodec liblamemp3 MasterOfPuppets.mp3

Once this has successfully completed you will now have the mp3 file you were after.

Note For cleanup you may want to type rm _z-hEyVQDRA.flv to get rid of the flv file that you no longer need.

You can also download the mp3 directly from youtube without converting using ffmpeg

youtube-dl --extract-audio --audio-format mp3 <video URL>

Playlist

youtube-dl -cit --max-quality FORMAT --extract-audio --audio-format mp3 http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=XXXXXXXXXXX

From the online help:

-x, --extract-audio        convert video files to audio-only files (requires
                           ffmpeg or avconv and ffprobe or avprobe)

Bear in mind as well that youtube-dl defaults to using avconv so you should consider specifying either avconv or FFmpeg at the commandline. From the online help:

--prefer-avconv                  Prefer avconv over ffmpeg for running the
                                 postprocessors (default)
--prefer-ffmpeg                  Prefer ffmpeg over avconv for running the
                                 postprocessors

Further options for keeping the original video, adjusting the bitrate or quality of the audio and a few others can be seen by looking at youtube -h.

https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl

Clean up your Linux computer

2013-10-20T06:34:00.002-07:00

No matter how careful or fastidious you are, over time a lot of cruft builds up on your computer. Things like cached files, cookies, temporary files, packages, log files, and a whole lot more. All of this builds up and takes up a tens or hundreds of megabytes of disk space.

BleachBit for Linux

BleachBit has many useful features designed to help you easily clean your computer to free space and maintain privacy.

http://bleachbit.sourceforge.net/

Ubuntu Tweak

Ubuntu Tweak is an application to config Ubuntu easier for everyone. It provides many useful desktop and system options that the default desktop environment doesn't provide. With its help, you will enjoy with the experience of Ubuntu!

http://ubuntu-tweak.com/

Server and Hosting Management

2013-09-16T09:36:00.002-07:00

Ajenti is a server administration panel for Linux distributions and FreeBSD. It is similar to cPanel, ISPConfig and others like them, but kinda light in features. It is a Free Software application whose development is spear-headed by Eugene Pankov.Besides being a server administration panel, Ajenti may also be used by developers as a rapid-development platform to create Web frontends, and by hardware vendors to create Web interfaces.
http://ajenti.org

Virtualmin is a powerful and flexible web hosting control panel for Linux and UNIX systems based on the well-known Open Source web-based systems management GUI, Webmin. Manage your virtual domains, mailboxes, databases, applications, and the entire server, from one comprehensive and friendly interface. http://www.virtualmin.com/

Setting up a Wifi Hotspot on Ubuntu

2013-03-08T04:16:00.001-08:00

The first thing I wanted to do after installing Ubuntu 12.04 is setup a wifi hotspot. I have a Samsung Netbook N130. I use a usb-modem to connect to the internet. I have a single data contract with Vodacom and I want all my devices to use this data at the same time.

Gathering information:

Opening a terminal and typing the following command :
#lspci
Showed me that I have a :
Network controller: Atheros Communications Inc. AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express)
#lsmod
Shows that it uses the ath9k drivers (this information may help you to google for setup information specific to your machine.)
Also
#iwconfig
will give you the name of your wireless adapter name for example:
“wlan0 “or “wlan1” (note that the “0″ and “1″ are numbers not letters)

Installing Programs

I then installed 2 programs via apt. In a terminal enter the following command:
#sudo apt-get install dhcp3-server
#sudo apt-get install hostapd

Editing Configuration Files

In a terminal:
#sudo gedit
This will bring up the editor with root privileges so that you can edit system files. (WARNING – editing system files can damage your system. Please do not edit system files unless you have made a backup of them first)
Open / Create the following files editing:
1. /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf
interface=wlan0
driver=nl80211
ssid=my_hotspot
channel=1
hw_mode=g
auth_algs=1
wpa=3
wpa_passphrase=1234567890
wpa_key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
wpa_pairwise=TKIP CCMP
rsn_pairwise=CCMP
Please note: the “ssid” in this case “my_hotspot” is the name of the network that will show up on the device or laptop that will connect to the hotspot. The passphrase is a password – you can change this to any other 10 digit number. The device / laptop that wants to connect will have to enter this password.
Save the file.
2. /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server
Edit the line that says
INTERFACES=”"
To
INTERFACES=”wlan0″
Or change the “wlan0″ to “wlan1″ or whatever the wireless adapter name you have (see above section on gathering information.)
3. /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
Make sure the follow lines are Commented out ( put a hash “#” sign at the beginning of the line ) the following lines:
# option definitions common to all supported networks…
#option domain-name “example.org”;
#option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;
#default-lease-time 600;
#max-lease-time 7200;
Add the following lines to the file (copy and paste)
subnet 10.10.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 10.10.0.2 10.10.0.16;
        option domain-name-servers 8.8.4.4, 208.67.222.222;
        option routers 10.10.0.1;
}
(Note: the only other line in this whole config file that is uncommented is :
ddns-update-style none;)
4. /etc/default/hostapd
Add the following lines to the bottom of the file. Make sure similar lines are commented.
RUN_DAEMON=”yes”
DAEMON_CONF=”/etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf”
DAEMON_OPTS=”-dd”
(Note: This file makes sure hostapd program starts on bootup with your edited configuration files loaded)
5. /etc/network/interfaces
This is how my interfaces file looks:
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto wlan0
iface wlan0 inet static
address 10.10.0.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
(Note: Again you must change every “wlan0″ to the name of your adapter. This file may have more entries for other network adapters. Just make sure you edit the section of the wireless adapter you want to use. This file will automatically configure the wireless network adapter’s network address at bootup time.)
At this stage you can reboot. And hopefully any device / laptop should connect to your wifi hotspots network via the network manager applet. On these devices search for the network “my_hotspot” and type in the password.
At this stage however you cannot access the Internet. Which brings us to another important step:

Internet connection Sharing.

You will need to ask yourself the following information. How do I connect to the internet on my ubuntu computer / laptop? In my case I use a usb 3G modem. You need to know the name of the network adapter that you connect to the internet on. > This must be different from the network adapter you configured above. (ie wlan0)
Connect to the internet, and in a terminal type:
#ifconfig
On my netbook, one of the entries is for adapter “ppp0″ this is the network adapter for my usb modem and the connection to the internet. The following steps use “ppp0″ however you can swap it for your adapter name:
To share the internet connection we have to do a thing called “ip masquerading”.
First we have to allow ip forwarding:
#sudo gedit
edit /etc/sysctl.conf
Make sure the following line is uncommented and reads
net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
Save and close gedit. (reboot)
After reboot: Connect to the Internet and In a terminal type:
# sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.10.0.0/16 -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
(Note the “ppp0″ adapter name in the above line. The 10.10.0.0 is the ip address of your network that you configured in steps 3 and 5 above. Your wifi hotspot will thus share the internet with up to 15 machines that are given the ip addresses 10.10.0.2 to 10.10.0.16)
All devices and laptops should now be able to browse the internet and download email. If this works we have to make this permanent:
#sudo gedit
edit /etc/rc.local
add this line just before “exit 0″
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.10.0.0/16 -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE
Reboot / Connect to the internet and Enjoy your wifi hotspot.

Acknowledgements

When configuring and setting up mine I used and adapted the following Howto’s and forums:
http://exain.wordpress.com/2011/03/31/making-a-wifi-hotspot-access-point-using-linux-wifi-lan-cardusb-adapter/
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=11890695#post11890695
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=11890408#post11890408

Source: https://thenewbieblog.wordpress.com/2012/05/01/wifi-hotspot-setup-on-ubuntu

Recovering grub after installing windows 7 on Ubuntu

2012-12-12T02:28:00.004-08:00

To recover grub:

open the live version
open the terminal and run sudo fdisk -l to see where Linux is installed
run sudo mount /dev/sdaX /mnt where x is the number you have found Linux word in
run sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda to install grub
run sudo update-grub to update grub and if this command didn't work run it after rebooting
reboot

http://askubuntu.com/questions/83771/recovering-grub-after-installing-windows-7

How to add https to localhost

2012-12-08T00:27:00.000-08:00

Use a Self-Signed SSL Certificate with Apache
These instructions will help you generate a generic self-signed certificate, which may be used to provide SSL service for all name-based hosts on your VPS. Please note that self-signed certificates will generate warnings in a visitor's browser; proceed to "Installing a Commercial SSL Certificate" if you need to set up SSL on a domain using a certificate signed by a commercial SSL provider.

Generate a Self-Signed Certificate
At the shell prompt, issue the following commands to enable SSL for Apache and generate a certificate:

a2enmod ssl mkdir /etc/apache2/ssl openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -out /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem -keyout /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key

You will be asked for several configuration values. Enter values appropriate for your organization and server, as shown here. This example will create a certificate valid for 365 days; you may wish to increase this value. We've specified the FQDN (fully qualified domain name) of the VPS for the "Common Name" entry, as this certificate will be used for generic SSL service.

Generating a 1024 bit RSA private key ...................................++++++ ..............................++++++ writing new private key to '/etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem' ----- You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated into your certificate request. What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN. There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank For some fields there will be a default value, If you enter '.', the field will be left blank. ----- Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:US State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:New Jersey Locality Name (eg, city) []:Absecon Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:SoftwareDev, LLC Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Web Services Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:archimedes.mydomain.com Email Address []:support@mydomain.com

Configure Apache to use the Self-Signed Certificate
Since SSL name-based virtual hosts are still not supported in /etc/apache2/ports.conf, we'll need to add an entry for a specific IP address on your VPS as follows. You may use a single IP to provide self-signed SSL service for multiple vhosts, and the same IP may also be used for multiple non-SSL vhosts (HTTPS uses port 443, while HTTP uses port 80).

File excerpt:/etc/apache2/ports.conf

NameVirtualHost 12.34.56.78:443

Replace "12.34.56.78" with your Linode's IP address. Next, edit the virtual host configuration files for sites which you would like to enable SSL on. For each virtual host, you must add the following stanza (change the values as appropriate for each site). Note that this example essentially reproduces the configuration for a non-SSL site, with the addition of three lines for SSL.

File excerpt:Apache virtual hosting file

<VirtualHost 12.34.56.78:443>
     SSLEngine On
     SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.pem
     SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key

     ServerAdmin info@mydomain.com
     ServerName www.mydomain.com
     DocumentRoot /var/www/mydomain.com/public_html/
     ErrorLog /var/www/mydomain.com/logs/error.log
     CustomLog /var/www/mydomain.com/logs/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Restart Apache:

service apache2 restart

You should now be able to visit your site with SSL enabled (after accepting your browser's warnings about the certificate).

http://library.linode.com/web-servers/apache/ssl-guides

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/how-to-create-a-ssl-certificate-on-apache-for-ubuntu-12-04

http://askubuntu.com/questions/49196/how-do-i-create-a-self-signed-ssl-certificate

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=953607

Virtual hosts overlap on 443, first has precedence

sudo gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf

Change it to

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
NameVirtualHost *:443
Listen 443
</IfModule>

http://blog.breidert.net/virtual-hosts-overlap-443-first-has-precendence/

apt-get update fails to fetch files,"Temporary failure resolving …" error

2012-11-11T05:22:00.000-08:00

overview

There are two parts to your question:

fixing temporary resolve messages
fixing the package management issues

Temporary resolve

It is likely that this issue is either:

temporary due to your Internet Service Provider not correctly forwarding internet naming (DNS) to either its or external DNS servers, or
due to a change in your network has similarly blocked this naming - for example, new router/modem, reconfiguring a switch with a new configuration.

Lets look at the possible DNS resolving issues.

First, temporarily add a known DNS server to your system.

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" | sudo tee /etc/resolv.conf > /dev/null

Then run sudo apt-get update.

If this fixes your temporary resolving messages then either wait for 24 hours to see if your ISP fixes the issue for you (or just contact your ISP) - or you can permanently add a DNS server to your system:

echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" | sudo tee /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base > /dev/null

8.8.8.8 is Google's own DNS server.

source

Another example DNS server you could use is OpenDNS - for example:

echo "nameserver 208.67.222.222" | sudo tee /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base > /dev/null

package-management issues

In addition to the temporary resolve issues - you have a few package management issues that need to be corrected - I'm assuming you have tried recently to upgrade from one Ubuntu version to the next recommended version - in your case from Natty (11.04) to Oneiric (11.10)

Open a terminal and type

sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Look for lines that have your a different distribution name in the list than you were expecting - in your case - you have upgraded to oneiric but you have another release name natty

For example, look for lines that look like deb http:/archive.canonical.com/ natty backports

Add a # to the beginning of the line to comment it out - for example

#deb http:/archive.canonical.com/ natty backports

Save and re-run:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

You should not have any more release naming errors.

At the time of writing this, possible common release names include lucid, maverick, natty,oneiric, precise and quantal

http://askubuntu.com/questions/91543/apt-get-update-fails-to-fetch-files-temporary-failure-resolving-error

Speed up Firefox by moving cache into RAM in Ubuntu

2012-11-03T18:36:00.004-07:00

By default Firefox puts its cache in your home partition.You can speed up Firefox and reduce disk writes by moving this cache into RAM if you have 1GB RAM or more.

1.Edit /etc/fstab,open terminal from Applications->Accessories menu and type:

sudo gedit /etc/fstab

Add following into this file and close it.

tmpfs /tmp tmpfs noexec,defaults,noatime 0 0
tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs noexec,defaults,noatime 0 0

2.Edit /etc/sysctl.conf:

sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.conf

add this line and save it:

vm.swappiness=1

3. Type about:config in firefox address bar and click I'll be careful,I promise!.Right click on blank area and create a new string value called

browser.cache.disk.parent_directory,set its value to /tmp

Now,reboot your system and experience the performance.

http://ubuntuguide.net/speed-up-firefox-by-moving-cache-into-ram-in-ubuntu

Linux memory cache

2012-11-03T18:18:00.000-07:00

Note: Linux is NOT "eating" your RAM! Please take a look at Geirha's excellent answer below to understand why...

After the above note, if you still feel "cleaning" the cache could help, you can certainly try: it's a one-liner from the terminal:

sync && echo 3 | sudo tee /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

There's no easy way to disable the cache, but you can achieve the same effect by cleaning it as often as every minute, if you want to:

Make it a cron-job
Press Alt-F2, type gksudo gedit /etc/crontab, and add this line near the bottom:
*/15 * * * * root sync && echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
This cleans every 15 minutes. You can set to 1 or 5 minutes if you really want to by changing the first parameter to * or */5 instead of */15

One liner to know REAL free RAM, excepting cache

Geirha's answer explains the details, but in short, you get the number of free megabytes with:

free -m | sed -n -e '3p' | grep -Po "\d+$"

which on my 2GB command-line server returns an extremely health 1835.

http://askubuntu.com/questions/155768/how-do-i-clean-or-disable-the-memory-cache

http://www.linuxatemyram.com/

DNS stuff

2012-10-29T23:58:00.003-07:00

Flush DNS Cache in Ubuntu 12.04 (Precise Pangolin)

To flush your system DNS Cache Resolver in Ubuntu 12.04, press Ctrl – Alt – T on your keyboard to open Terminal. When terminal opens, run the commands below to clear it.

sudo /etc/init.d/dns-clean

http://www.liberiangeek.net/2012/05/windows-7-vs-ubuntu-12-04-how-to-flush-your-system-dns-cache/

Add custom DNS

To avoid having your settings get revoked after reboots, or after periods of inactivity, you may need to make the following changes via the command line:

$ sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.auto
NOTE: The dhclient.conf location may vary depending on you linux distribution.

To locate the correct file you can use:
$ sudo find /etc -name dhclient.conf

$ gksudo gedit /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf
# add the following line to the document before the 'return subnet-mask' command

supersede domain-name-servers 208.67.222.222,208.67.220.220;

# save and exit
$ sudo ifdown eth0 && sudo ifup eth0

You may be required to change eth0 to your own network device's name if it uses a non-standard name.

https://store.opendns.com/setup/device/ubuntu/

Check domain with custom DNS

DNS records are likely cached by your provider's DNS servers so if you want to check if the DNS changes you made were successful you can interrogate a DNS server from your domain hosting service with dig:

dig -t a ns1.myhostingcompany.com @domain_registrar_dns_server

It you want Ubuntu to start caching dns I recommend installing pdnsd together with resolvconf. nscd is buggy and not advisable.

Example: dig -t a @8.8.8.8 example.com

http://askubuntu.com/questions/2219/how-do-i-clear-the-dns-cache

Check your PC DNS in command-line

nm-tool

http://askubuntu.com/questions/152593/command-line-to-list-dns-servers

Check DNS related stuff online

http://www.iptools.com/

Linux alternative/equivalent for AcDsee

2012-09-10T19:17:00.002-07:00

digiKam

digiKam is an advanced digital photo management application for Linux, Windows, and Mac-OSX. The people who inspired digiKam's design are the photographers like you who want to view, manage, edit, enhance, organize, tag, and share photographs under Linux systems.

http://www.digikam.org

darktable

darktable is an open source photography workflow application and RAW developer. A virtual lighttable and darkroom for photographers. It manages your digital negatives in a database, lets you view them through a zoomable lighttable and enables you to develop raw images and enhance them.

http://www.darktable.org

Shutter - Screenshot tool

2012-09-10T18:01:00.002-07:00

Shutter is a feature-rich screenshot program. You can take a screenshot of a specific area, window, your whole screen, or even of a website – apply different effects to it, draw on it to highlight points, and then upload to an image hosting site, all within one window. Shutter is free, open-source, and licensed under GPL v3.

http://shutter-project.org

Read & Remove EXIF Data From the Command Line

2012-08-06T02:19:00.002-07:00

Most digital cameras will insert metadata into images. This metadata is stored using the exchangeable image file format (EXIF) and can contain camera specifications, exposure settings, thumbnails, GPS coordinates and more. This article outlines some Linux command line tools you can use for reading, editing and removing EXIF metadata from images.

Reading and Editing EXIF Metadata with ExifTool
ExifTool is powerful a Perl program that can be used to read and edit EXIF metadata in images. To install ExifTool as /usr/bin/exiftool on Fedora, install the perl-Image-ExifTool package:
su -c 'yum install perl-Image-ExifTool'
Alternatively, you can use CPAN to install ExifTool in /usr/local/bin/exiftool.
su -c "perl -MCPAN -e'install Image::ExifTool'"
After installation, you will have the exiftool command available in /usr/bin or /usr/local/bin. To view the EXIF metadata in an image, just past the image as an argument to exiftool.
exiftool dsc_0790.jpg
Here is a snippet of the output from the above command:

ExifTool Version Number         : 7.60

File Name                       : dsc_0790.jpg

Directory                       : .

File Size                       : 4.4 MB

File Modification Date/Time     : 2008:07:16 09:45:20-07:00

File Type                       : JPEG

MIME Type                       : image/jpeg

Exif Byte Order                 : Big-endian (Motorola, MM)

Make                            : NIKON CORPORATION

Camera Model Name               : NIKON D200

Orientation                     : Horizontal (normal)

X Resolution                    : 300

Y Resolution                    : 300

Resolution Unit                 : inches

Software                        : Bibble 4.10a

Modify Date                     : 2007:06:23 22:00:14

Exposure Time                   : 1/40

F Number                        : 2.0

Exposure Program                : Aperture-priority AE

ISO                             : 100

.

.

.

ExifTool has many options for editing and removing EXIF metadata in images. To see the available options, use the --help switch or read the ExifTool documentation.
exiftool --help
Reading EXIF Metadata with Jhead
Jhead is a command line tool for displaying EXIF data embedded in JPEG images. On Fedora, use Yum to install Jhead:
su -c 'yum install jhead'
Now, use /usr/bin/jhead to read EXIF metadata:
jhead dsc_0790.jpg
Here is an example of the output produced by the jhead command:

File name    : dsc_0790.jpg

File size    : 4654488 bytes

File date    : 2008:07:16 09:45:20

Camera make  : NIKON CORPORATION

Camera model : NIKON D200

Date/Time    : 2007:06:23 22:00:14

Resolution   : 3880 x 2608

Flash used   : No

Focal length : 50.0mm  (35mm equivalent: 75mm)

Exposure time: 0.025 s  (1/40)

Aperture     : f/2.0

ISO equiv.   : 100

Exposure bias: 1.00

Whitebalance : Auto

Exposure     : aperture priority (semi-auto)

GPS Latitude : ? ?

GPS Longitude: ? ?

======= IPTC data: =======

(C)Flag       : 0

DateCreated   : 20070623

Time Created  : 220014

Record vers.  : 4

Removing EXIF Metadata with ImageMagick
If you need to strip the EXIF metadata from images, use ImageMagick's mogrify command. To install ImageMagick on Fedora, use Yum:
su -c 'yum install ImageMagick'
After ImageMagick is installed, you will have /usr/bin/mogrify available. The mogrify command can be used to strip Exif data from images.
mogrify -strip imagename.jpg
If you need to process a large number of files, use find and xargs:
find ./folder_of_images -name '*.jpg' | xargs mogrify -strip

http://hacktux.com/read/remove/exif

How to enable/disable mobile broadband from terminal?

2012-07-28T11:02:00.000-07:00

Example,

nmcli con up id <id> & or nmcli con up uuid <uuid>

'nmcli con list id|uuid <name>'

'nmcli dev list'

http://www.sakoman.com/GNOME/how-to-control-networkmanger-from-the-command-line.html

http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/oneiric/en/man1/nmcli.1.html

http://askubuntu.com/questions/137815/how-to-enable-disable-mobile-broadband-from-terminal

Important Tweaks/Things to do After install of Ubuntu 12.04 Precise Pangolin

2012-07-16T19:19:00.001-07:00

http://www.noobslab.com/2012/04/important-things-to-do-after-install_26.html

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/04/things-to-tweak-after-installing-ubuntu.html

http://www.techdrivein.com/2012/06/25-things-i-did-after-installing-ubuntu.html

http://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2012/04/10-things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-12-04

http://howtoubuntu.org/things-to-do-after-installing-ubuntu-12-04-precise-pangolin/

Intel GM45 driver installation

2012-07-16T08:17:00.004-07:00

https://launchpad.net/~xorg-edgers/+archive/ppa

http://askubuntu.com/questions/85318/how-can-i-get-my-intel-integrated-graphics-to-be-recognized-in-system-info

http://askubuntu.com/questions/129227/how-do-i-install-intel-hd-graphics-driver-on-ubuntu-12-04

http://intellinuxgraphics.org/index.html

Note:

Downgrade Mesa libraries,

sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-dri=8.0.2-0ubuntu3 mesa-common-dev=8.0.2-0ubuntu3

Link

`CompizConfig`

Delete .Xauthority in my home

rm -rf .compiz-1

rm -rf ~/.config/compiz-1/compizconfig/*

sudo apt-get purge compizconfig-settings-manager

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-fusion-plugins-extra

unity --reset

Link

VAAPI driver for Intel G45 & HD Graphics family

https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/intel-vaapi-driver/

How to Install New Kernel on Ubuntu

2012-07-05T06:04:00.002-07:00

How to install Linux Kernel 3.4 in Ubuntu 12.04. WARNING This isn't worth doing unless you're having problems with the old kernel or you're adding new hardware which is unsupported in old Kernel 3.2, such as nVidia Kepler (600 series) or AMD HD 7000 series Graphics cards.

Improvements in Kernel 3.4:
Reduced Power Usage
Speed improvements for BTRFS file systems
More wireless network drivers from Ralink and Broadcom added
Support for nVidia Kepler chipsets (600 series)
Support for AMD Southern Islands GPUs (HD 7000 series)
Support for AMD Trinity Processors

Ubuntu Kernel Website: http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/
Look for the latest Kernel
Download linux-headers-3.4.x-xxx-all.deb, plus the headers and image for your system architecture.
e.g. linux-headers-3.4.x-xxx-i386.deb, and linux-image-3.4.x-xxx-generic-i386.deb for 32bit systems.

Open Terminal
cd ~/Downloads
sudo dpkg -i linux*.deb

Reboot
Check the new kernel is running with either System Monitor or "uname -r"

If you have any problems with the new kernel reboot and select "Previous Versions" on the Grub Menu (hold down Shift key if Grub doesn't show by default)

Remove auto updating old Kernel:
In Synaptic remove: linux-generic, linux-headers-generic, linux-image-generic
You can also remove any older kernels to free up some harddrive space.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=traegZveTKo

http://askubuntu.com/questions/142192/can-i-install-linux-kernel-3-4-in-ubuntu-and-kubuntu-12-04

How to Back Up and Restore a MySQL Database

2012-06-01T02:36:00.001-07:00

If you're storing anything in MySQL databases that you do not want to lose, it is very important to make regular backups of your data to protect it from loss. This tutorial will show you two easy ways to backup and restore the data in your MySQL database. You can also use this process to move your data to a new web server.

Back up From the Command Line (using mysqldump)

If you have shell or telnet access to your web server, you can backup your MySQL data by using the mysqldump command. This command connects to the MySQL server and creates an SQL dump file. The dump file contains the SQL statements necessary to re-create the database. Here is the proper syntax:

$ mysqldump --opt -u [uname] -p[pass] [dbname] > [backupfile.sql]

[uname] Your database username
[pass] The password for your database (note there is no space between -p and the password)
[dbname] The name of your database
[backupfile.sql] The filename for your database backup
[--opt] The mysqldump option

For example, to backup a database named 'Tutorials' with the username 'root' and with no password to a file tut_backup.sql, you should accomplish this command:

$ mysqldump -u root -p Tutorials > tut_backup.sql

This command will backup the 'Tutorials' database into a file called tut_backup.sql which will contain all the SQL statements needed to re-create the database.
With mysqldump command you can specify certain tables of your database you want to backup. For example, to back up only php_tutorials and asp_tutorials tables from the 'Tutorials' database accomplish the command below. Each table name has to be separated by space.

$ mysqldump -u root -p Tutorials php_tutorials asp_tutorials > tut_backup.sql

Sometimes it is necessary to back up more that one database at once. In this case you can use the --database option followed by the list of databases you would like to backup. Each database name has to be separated by space.

$ mysqldump -u root -p --databases Tutorials Articles Comments > content_backup.sql

If you want to back up all the databases in the server at one time you should use the --all-databases option. It tells MySQL to dump all the databases it has in storage.

$ mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > alldb_backup.sql

The mysqldump command has also some other useful options:
--add-drop-table: Tells MySQL to add a DROP TABLE statement before each CREATE TABLE in the dump.
--no-data: Dumps only the database structure, not the contents.
--add-locks: Adds the LOCK TABLES and UNLOCK TABLES statements you can see in the dump file.
The mysqldump command has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of using mysqldump are that it is simple to use and it takes care of table locking issues for you. The disadvantage is that the command locks tables. If the size of your tables is very big mysqldump can lock out users for a long period of time.

Back up your MySQL Database with Compress

If your mysql database is very big, you might want to compress the output of mysqldump. Just use the mysql backup command below and pipe the output to gzip, then you will get
the output as gzip file.

$ mysqldump -u [uname] -p[pass] [dbname] | gzip -9 > [backupfile.sql.gz]

If you want to extract the .gz file, use the command below:

$ gunzip [backupfile.sql.gz]

Restoring your MySQL Database

Above we backup the Tutorials database into tut_backup.sql file. To re-create the Tutorials database you should follow two steps:

Create an appropriately named database on the target machine
Load the file using the mysql command:

$ mysql -u [uname] -p[pass] [db_to_restore] < [backupfile.sql]

Have a look how you can restore your tut_backup.sql file to the Tutorials database.

$ mysql -u root -p Tutorials < tut_backup.sql

To restore compressed backup files you can do the following:

gunzip < [backupfile.sql.gz] | mysql -u [uname] -p[pass] [dbname]

If you need to restore a database that already exists, you'll need to use mysqlimport command. The syntax for mysqlimport is as follows:

mysqlimport -u [uname] -p[pass] [dbname] [backupfile.sql]

Backing Up and Restoring using PHPMyAdmin

It is assumed that you have phpMyAdmin installed since a lot of web service providers use it. To backup your MySQL database using PHPMyAdmin just follow a couple of steps:

Open phpMyAdmin.
Select your database by clicking the database name in the list on the left of the screen.
Click the Export link. This should bring up a new screen that says View dump of database (or something similar).
In the Export area, click the Select All link to choose all of the tables in your database.
In the SQL options area, click the right options.
Click on the Save as file option and the corresponding compression option and then click the 'Go' button. A dialog box should appear prompting you to save the file locally.

Restoring your database is easy as well as backing it up. Make the following:

Open phpMyAdmin.
Create an appropriately named database and select it by clicking the database name in the list on the left of the screen. If you would like to rewrite the backup over an existing database then click on the database name, select all the check boxes next to the table names and select Drop to delete all existing tables in the database.
Click the SQL link. This should bring up a new screen where you can either type in SQL commands, or upload your SQL file.
Use the browse button to find the database file.
Click Go button. This will upload the backup, execute the SQL commands and re-create your database.

http://webcheatsheet.com/sql/mysql_backup_restore.php

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2008/09/backup-and-restore-mysql-database-using-mysqldump/

http://www.supportfacility.com/blog/mysql/how-to-repair-mysql-table-from-ssh/

http://viralpatel.net/blogs/mysql-database-backup-mysql-mysqldump-backup-command/

How to Fix Screen Brightness Resets To Lowest Level On Ubuntu

2012-05-31T11:37:00.004-07:00

type in the terminal:

sudo sed "s/$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=$\"\"/\1\"acpi_osi=Linux acpi_backlight=vendor\"/" /etc/default/grub -i
then type:

sudo update-grub

then type:

sudo reboot

http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1972303

http://keyable.blogspot.com/2012/04/fix-screen-brightness-resets-to-lowest.html

How to create a tar.gz archive

2012-05-25T00:26:00.003-07:00

tar -pczf name_of_your_archive.tar.gz /path/to/directory

Fix Broken package on Ubuntu

2012-05-16T19:02:00.004-07:00

http://itechlog.com/linux/2008/12/18/fix-broken-package-ubuntu/

http://www.thepowerbase.com/2012/04/how-to-fix-broken-packages-in-ubuntu-or-debian/

http://blog.bodhizazen.net/linux/apt-get-how-to-fix-very-broken-packages/

Ubuntu Sources List Generator

2012-05-16T19:01:00.000-07:00

http://repogen.simplylinux.ch

The way to use the sources.list generator is to select your country (Americans, please note – United States is in the U section (of course)). Then you select your version, for instance Natty. Then you check the Ubuntu repositories you require, and lastly, you select third party repositories.
There are a good many repositories already available for Natty. Among them are the Medibuntu, Ubuntu Tweak and Google repositories. Of course, more will be added.
Please note that for third party repositories, the result text lists how to store the gpg key for each repository.

Ubuntu USB 3G modem issue solved

2012-05-04T02:13:00.001-07:00

Open up a terminal from Applications -> Accessories. Type:

sudo gedit /etc/modules

At the bottom of the file, make two new lines, like this:

usbserial
option

Then close the editor program and save it. Reboot the computer.

Source: http://blog.christophersmart.com/2010/05/25/ubuntu-lucid-usb-3g-modem-issue-solved/

Running Photoshop CS4 - CS5 with Wine on Ubuntu

2012-03-07T18:51:00.000-08:00

You need ms fonts installed first

sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer

From Nautilus - View -Show Hidden

then go to /home/username/.wine/

edit user.reg

find this "UserPreferenceMask"=hex:10,00,02,80

and replace from this line and above with this

WINE REGISTRY Version 2
;; All keys relative to \\User\\S-1-5-4

[AppEvents\\Schemes\\Apps\\Explorer\\Navigating\\.Current] 1249917684
@=""

[Console] 1252956930
"CursorSize"=dword:00000019
"CursorVisible"=dword:00000001
"EditionMode"=dword:00000000
"ExitOnDie"=dword:00000001
"FaceName"="Courier\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0"
"FontSize"=dword:000d0008
"FontWeight"=dword:00000000
"HistoryBufferSize"=dword:00000032
"HistoryNoDup"=dword:00000000
"MenuMask"=dword:00000000
"QuickEdit"=dword:00000000
"ScreenBufferSize"=dword:00190050
"ScreenColors"=dword:0000000f
"WindowSize"=dword:00190050

[Control Panel\\Colors] 1254317519
"ActiveBorder"="212 208 200"
"ActiveTitle"="94 129 188"
"AppWorkSpace"="128 128 128"
"Background"="16 26 38"
"ButtonAlternateFace"="181 181 181"
"ButtonDkShadow"="133 135 140"
"ButtonFace"="235 233 237"
"ButtonHilight"="255 255 255"
"ButtonLight"="220 223 228"
"ButtonShadow"="167 166 170"
"ButtonText"="0 0 0"
"GradientActiveTitle"="112 177 235"
"GradientInactiveTitle"="131 183 227"
"GrayText"="167 166 170"
"Hilight"="94 129 188"
"HilightText"="255 255 255"
"HotTrackingColor"="0 0 128"
"InactiveBorder"="212 208 200"
"InactiveTitle"="111 161 217"
"InactiveTitleText"="255 255 255"
"InfoText"="0 0 0"
"InfoWindow"="255 255 225"
"Menu"="255 255 255"
"MenuBar"="235 233 237"
"MenuHilight"="94 129 188"
"MenuText"="0 0 0"
"Scrollbar"="212 208 200"
"TitleText"="255 255 255"
"Window"="255 255 255"
"WindowFrame"="0 0 0"
"WindowText"="0 0 0"

[Control Panel\\Desktop] 1254316497
"DragFullWindows"="0"
"FontSmoothing"="2"
"FontSmoothingGamma"=dword:00000578
"FontSmoothingOrientation"=dword:00000001
"FontSmoothingType"=dword:00000002
"LowPowerActive"="0"
"MenuShowDelay"="400"
"SmoothScroll"=hex:00,00,00,00
"UserPreferenceMask"=hex:10,00,02,80

Save and close.

now you have antialiasing on menu and some other boxes only!

lets fix it all!!!

You have to download Tahoma fonts from here

Unzip and copy the to font files to /home/username/.wine/drive_c/windows/Fonts

Photoshop CS4 Portable

Photoshop CS5 Portable

Unrar it where ever you want to run, it runs direct without install.

then download from here

gdiplus.dll and copy it to system32 folder as root (in terminal : sudo nautilus) and go to home/yourusername/.wine/dosdevices/c:/windows/system32

Download fix for Type tool from here

and copy it to system32 this one too!

then from Application-Wine-Configure Wine go Applications and add the exe file of photoshop, then select it go to Libraries and select gdiplus.dll, when you select it press Add and Ok.

you are ready .. execute Photoshop.exe from unziped folder and work!!

ps. Always need latest wine version!

Adobe Photoshop CS5 and 10.04:)

Ok, its easy with portable again!! always with latest wine!

Download From here CS5 portable

If you have error when execute the file , right click - properties - pemissions Tab
and click Execute - Allow Executing file as program

double click to execute now.

follow the installation instructions and install it on c:\program files\

and

you have to add in .wine\drive_c\windows\system32 this fix file for type tool like CS4 :)

This version doesnt need to accept the license agreement runs directly!

Gdiplus.dll no more needed with latest wine.

Enjoy latest Photoshop:)

Sources:
http://ubuntudoitall.blogspot.com/2009/09/running-photoshop-cs4-with-wine-finally.html

http://ubuntudoitall.blogspot.com/2009/09/wine-with-full-antialiasing.html

http://ubuntudoitall.blogspot.com/2010/05/adobe-photoshop-cs5-and-1004.html

Perfect guide on wine
http://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?sClass=version&iId=20158&iTestingId=71572

Boot to text mode in Ubuntu

2012-03-03T15:39:00.000-08:00

Installing the GUI will probably cause it to start automatically, but it's very easy to boot to text mode in Ubuntu. Just open /etc/default/grub as root and add text to the

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=

line. Then run:

sudo update-grub

Your system will then always boot to text mode.

If you want to boot to the GUI, just press e in the boot menu and remove text from the kernel line.

If you want to start the GUI after boot, just run:

sudo /etc/init.d/lightdm start

Source: http://askubuntu.com/questions/74645/possible-to-install-ubuntu-desktop-and-then-boot-to-no-gui