Unión Internacional de Jóvenes Líderes

Firma, únete al Papa Francisco en defensa del Clima

2015-09-27T07:38:00.002-07:00

El Papa Francisco dijo: tenemos que dejar de abusar de los Recursos del planeta y de tomar las decisiones enérgicas que NECESITAMOS para proteger nuestro planeta.

Si no lo hacemos, vamos a enfrentar graves consecuencias que pondrán toda la vida humana en riesgo.

Con la Conferencia sobre Cambio Climático de la ONU en París que está sucediendo, es el momento de estar junto a Francisco y enviar un fuerte mensaje a nuestros líderes mundiales: Exigimos medidas audaces contra el cambio climático.

Haga clic aquí para firmar la petición más grande el clima del mundo y de pie con millones de personas contra el cambio climático.

De pie, con el Papa Earth Day Network Francisco y: Firma la petición para instar a los líderes mundiales a tomar medidas contra el cambio climático.

Añade tu nombre a decirle líderes mundiales: Escuchar al Papa! Ahora es el momento de tomar medidas enérgicas contra el cambio climático.

Gracias,

Kathleen Rogers
Presidente, Earth Day Network

Firmar

¿Tienes una Startup que podría cambiar el mundo?

2014-07-02T20:55:00.000-07:00

Participa y podrás ser seleccionado entre las startups más innovadoras de América Latina y el Caribe.

Con el objetivo de dar a conocer y conectar soluciones innovadoras y emprendimientos de América Latina y el Caribe con el mundo, el BID seleccionará las 15 startups más innovadoras del 2014. Los ganadores participarán en uno de los eventos más innovadores de BID, en Washington DC, del 1 al 3 de diciembre.

Para mayor información visitar aquí

II Seminario Iberoamericano sobre Juventud y Gobernabilidad Democrática

2014-01-21T23:20:00.000-08:00

En el marco del evento organizado por la Organización Iberoamericana de la Juventud (OIJ), la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo –AECID-, el Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo – PNUD, el Programa Presidencial Colombia Joven y el Instituto de la Juventud de España – INJUVE. Tuvo lugar del 02 al 05 de diciembre de 2013 en el Centro de Formación de la Cooperación Española en Cartagena de Indias.

En esta ocasión el evento contó con la participación de jóvenes líderes y representantes de toda Iberoamérica que se dieron cita para revisar, debatir, reflexionar y hacer propuestas en torno al fomento de la gobernabilidad democrática y la participación de las y los jóvenes como garantes de la misma, generando pensamiento crítico y facilitando las condiciones para garantizar mejores políticas de inclusión social para la juventud en la región, tomando en cuenta el proceso de implementación de la Agenda de Desarrollo e Inversión Social en Juventud – Post 2015. El seminario estuvo dirigido a Directores, funcionarios y técnicos de organismos oficiales de juventud a nivel nacional y local, de los países del ámbito iberoamericano. Especialistas, organizaciones civiles y organismos internacionales.

El compromiso cívico de la juventud gracias al status que organismos, gobiernos e instituciones han facilitado también está cada vez más reconocido. Según Naciones Unidas el compromiso cívico y la participación en la vida cívica se puede manifestar de diferentes formas: la participación juvenil en la toma de decisiones, el fortalecimiento del liderazgo, el voluntariado, el empresariado social, el desarrollo de medios de comunicación o redes para jóvenes, entre otros.

Este año en Latinoamérica y gracias al compromiso cívico de los mismos jóvenes en Colombia y Brasil estrenan Estatuto de Juventud, llevando a un importante nivel el marco normativo para garantizar los derechos y la participación como sujetos de su propio desarrollo.

La participación en la vida ciudadana es un derecho humano fundamental. Los jóvenes tienen un papel crítico que desempeñar en el cambio social, no sólo en el futuro como adultos, sino más inmediatamente como ciudadanos activos, hoy mediante el diseño, la realización o la contribución a las acciones individuales o colectivas. El papel de la sociedad juvenil civil o política se ha hecho notar en los últimos años con grandes aportes y propuestas, asumiendo que más que ser el futuro los jóvenes son el presente de lo que quieren como parte de la sociedad.

El seminario además contó con el desarrollo de ponencias y talleres que facilitaron expertos e investigadores sobre la Juventud. Según el profesor Ferri, de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, los Partidos Políticos son la forma más efectiva de la democracia, pero sucede que "Los jóvenes no quieren participar” “los partidos políticos tienen una mala imagen y no han articulado su papel con la sociedad" “los partidos políticos se han vuelto desafortunadamente en solo escenarios de maquinarias electorales y corrupción”.

Por su parte, Luis Alberto Otárola, Asesor Presidencial del Perú, argumento que hay que reestructurar los Partidos Políticos, acercarlos a la sociedad y aterrizar su papel para resolver o dar alternativas a la problemáticas y necesidades sociales como salud, educación pública, el medio ambiente, etc. Los partidos políticos deben generar motivos sociales para que los jóvenes participen en ellos y la política debe reivindicar su papel, se debe generar una escucha activa sobre sus necesidades, por tanto, se deberían abrir nuevas formas de participación horizontal en estas instituciones políticas. De esta manera posibilitar los recambios generacionales que alimenten y constituyan una situación distinta para la Democracia.

Aunque la mayoría de los participantes no representaban a los Partidos Políticos se hizo un reconocimiento al papel de estos para fomentar la gobernabilidad democrática, mejorar la participación de la ciudadanía más allá de los escenarios propios que generan las OSC y visibilizar las agendas sociales en Políticas Publicas de Juventud. Se reconoce además que los mismos partidos hacen parte de la Sociedad Civil y que la política y las dinámicas sociales deben ir de la mano, deben generar mayor participación en la construcción de capital social y la Gobernabilidad.

Finalizando el evento los países participantes construyeron una hoja de ruta para continuar un trabajo conjunto. El Partido Conservador Colombiano en cabeza de sus juventudes asume la responsabilidad, junto a otros líderes, de abrir y gestionar apoyo académico para nuevos escenarios de capacitación sobre los temas trabajados durante este seminario, dirigidos a todos los interesados y que beneficie principalmente a las juventudes de los países participantes.

Luis Fernando Alarcón Urrutia, Participante invitado por Colombia

12 de Agosto #DiaInternacionaldelaJuventud

2013-08-11T20:38:00.001-07:00

Este 12 de agosto celebra el día de la juventud en cualquier parte del mundo. Únete a la celebración de millones de personas, ve más allá de sólo pertenecer a este grupo etáreo porque lo celebrarán aquellos que aún sin ser jóvenes por rango de edad son jóvenes de juventudes acumuladas o porque en su pensamiento los motiva inquietamente a aportar activamente a la sociedad, como hoy lo hacen algunos y ayer lo hicieron otros jóvenes. Hagamos un acto de reflexión sobre el propósito que tenemos en este universo y qué hemos hecho o queremos hacer por la humanidad.

Las Juventudes, una población que aparte de compartir la edad biológica y ser el 26% de la población mundial aproximadamente, son la potencia para el desarrollo sostenible de la humanidad, son quienes tienen la responsabilidad de buscar y asegurar la vida en equilibrio con la naturaleza, así como de preservar los recursos naturales en el Planeta Tierra para las nuevas generaciones.

Y como decía Rubén Darío “Juventud, Divino Tesoro…” porque así lo es en la formación de la pirámide del trascurso de la vida o en aspectos del desarrollo humano, tal vez una de las etapas más importantes de la vida. Una hoja corta o grande en la historia del libro de la vida, en la que se culmina y se allegan tesoros no acumulables como la educación y la salud. Durante la misma se alcanza estrellas de éxito en algunos casos, porque sólo lo logran aquellos que deciden ser emprendedores sociales o toman el riesgo de intentar transformar el mundo para llenar espacios, desde experiencias ciudadanas, con la buena práctica del deporte, la vida política, las artes, la tecnología, la academia, como excelentes dirigentes o como grandes líderes, con ideas de creatividad o con el desarrollo de proyectos innovadores, o deciden romper paradigmas y aplican la premisa de que tomar el riesgo puede ser el inicio para alcanzar el éxito o para cambiar el mundo.

Estamos ante la puerta de retomar los caminos que otros han encausado en importantes procesos. Jóvenes del mundo gracias a las herramientas que ofrecen las TICs y al interés de ser la Voz del Futuro participan en la definición de varias agendas globales, por ejemplo, el proceso de red que se adelanta en torno a la definición de las estrategias y operatividad de los compromisos adquiridos por los Gobiernos luego de la misma agenda que incidieron los mismos jóvenes en la Conferencia mundial de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo Sostenible Rio+20. Hoy Jóvenes de todo el mundo asumieron su papel, tomaron el riesgo, asumieron la responsabilidad y se manifiestan con compromiso cívico en el mundo para incidir con voz en el futuro que queremos, en múltiples escenarios y para varias causas organizadas.

El papel de la sociedad juvenil civil o política se ha hecho notar en los últimos años con grandes aportes y propuestas, asumiendo que más que ser el futuro somos el presente de lo que queremos.

Jóvenes en Brasil estrenan #EstatutodaJuventude (Estatuto de Juventud)

2013-08-07T08:14:00.000-07:00

Divulgação/Agência Brasil Presidenta Dilma sancionou o Estatuto

La presidencia de Brasil, Dilma Rousseff, sancionó este lunes el nuevo Estatuto de la Juventud, que establece los derechos de la población joven en Brasil y crea espacios obligatorios para la participación de la juventud en los procesos de decisión a nivel federal, estatal y municipal.

La ley define los principios y directrices para el fortalecimiento y organización de las políticas de juventud a nivel federal, estatal y municipal. Esto significa que las políticas se convierten en las prerrogativas del Estado, y no sólo de los gobiernos.

El Estatuto de la Juventud había sido aprobado por el Congreso el 9 de julio, después de más de nueve años de tramitación, asegurando derechos a la participación social, el territorio, la libre orientación sexual y la sustentabilidad.

Actualmente, la población brasileña entre 15 y 29 años suma 51 millones de personas, según las estimativas oficiales, lo que corresponde al mayor número de jóvenes de la historia en Brasil.

En el acto de firma del documento, la presidenta Rousseff señaló que se trata de un "pacto por la juventud brasileña". "Este pacto, como todos los pactos importantes de este país, está basado en una visión de que lo que compromete cualquier proceso en Brasil, cualquier iniciativa, es la desigualdad. Es un pacto por la igualdad, por más oportunidades, por garantizar mayor participación y, por lo tanto, un pacto fundado en valores", afirmó. Durante la ceremonia Rousseff firmó un decreto de creación de la Comisión Interministerial de Políticas de Juventud y anunció el lanzamiento de la primera convocatoria del Programa Estação Juventude.

En la ceremonia, la presidenta de la Unión Nacional de Estudiantes (UNE), Vic Barros, señaló que el Estatuto representa "la profundización de la democracia por integrar de forma protagónica a la juventud en la sociedad que queremos" y es una respuesta a la masivas manifestaciones ocurridas a partir de junio pasado.

Entre los puntos salientes del Estatuto está la garantía del ingreso a mitad de precio para los jóvenes de bajos ingresos y estudiantes en eventos culturales y deportivos de todo el país. La regla, sin embargo, no se extiende a los partidos de la Copa del Mundo de Fútbol 2014 ni a las Olimpíadas Rio de Janeiro 2016.

Rousseff vetó también dos puntos que establecían la reducción a la mitad del precio de los pasajes para jóvenes en los viajes de ómnibus interestaduales, y partidas extraordinarias para el transporte público.

A partir de ahora, las administraciones públicas estarán obligadas a crear espacios para escuchar a los jóvenes, fomentar su participación en la toma de decisiones, con la creación de los Consejos de la Juventud estatales y municipales.

Otros derechos fundamentales reafirmados en la ley son el acceso a la educación, a la formación profesional, el empleo y los ingresos. También establece nuevos derechos en la legislación, como la participación social, al territorio, a la libre orientación sexual y la sostenibilidad.

Fuente: Agencia Brasil y notas publicadas en spanish.people.com.cn y www.capitalteresina.com.br.

Colombia nominada a los MTV Millennial Awards 2013

2013-07-08T14:33:00.001-07:00

Cuando Juan David Aristizábal todavía estudiaba Administración notó que había cientos de colombianos emprendedores con ideas novedosas que podían tener un impacto positivo en la sociedad. Sin embargo, el gran problema era que no contaban con los recursos para materializarlas.

Por eso creó la Fundación Buena Nota, que se dedica a buscar inversionistas para sacar adelante proyectos de innovación social. Las 62 iniciativas que han desarrollado llamaron la atención del Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, que nominó a Buena Nota para los premios MTV Millenial que organiza el canal musical. Aristizábal es el único suramericano que compite por el galardón en la categoría Piensa en grande, que se entregará el 16 de julio a quien obtenga la mayor cantidad de votos a través de la página millennial.mtvla.com.

Nota publicada en Semana.com

The 5th Annual International Environmental Summit Is Open for Applications!

2013-06-16T06:08:00.000-07:00

China Youth Climate Action Network Newsletter

The 5th annual

International Youth Summit on Energy and Climate Change

is now accepting applications!

Click Here to Apply and Join Us for 3 days of Excitement!

This July, the International Youth Summit on Energy and Climate Change is returning with more energy and enthusiasm than ever before! Three well-established youth organizations -- China Youth Climate Action Network (CYCAN), Tsinghua University Student Green Association (TUSGA) and Clean Development Mechanism Club (CDM Club) from Peking University -- are again working together to initiate a "greenstorm" that is unique to youths who are interested in sharing environmental dreams with peers around the world. Since 2009, the past four IYSECC attracted thousands of active youths across the continents.

The Summit has arranged a range of interesting and inspiring sessions. With presentations by renowned leaders, discussions with international environmentalists, training sessions on campaign skills that gives you tools to create change and a Creative Green Solution competition that allows you to show off your talents -- this summit will offer a platform to showcase the proud progress our young generation has made in the green revolution, a communicative forum that connect youths in green action nationally and globally and so much more!

If you love the environment, or if you are interested in doing anything green, this is a summit you simply can't miss!

The Theme of this Summer:

Green Leads the Future --

Youth Sustainable Education and Action

IYSECC 5.0 sets its theme as "Green Leads the Future" to emphasize the key role of green movements in future development while disseminating the fresh idea of "green-collar" career among young people. Environmental change calls for youth commitment to relevant industries. Meanwhile, the youth need to build up confidence in the prospects of these sustainable businesses. The green industries will be a promising frontier for both on-campus involvement and career planning.

Make a Global Connection: Shifting the Power

The first time in five years, this summit will actually be part of a larger "Global Power Shift" network, which gathers young people and calls for them to shift the power and realize their own potentials in the green revolutions. As a regional Power Shift sector of the global network, we will lead a campaign session for a low-carbon campus and working places. You will go home with all the resources needed to carry out your own green events and campaigns, and become connected to an invaluable international network that is ready the support you anytime you need.

Join Us!

Time: July 12-15, 2013
Location: Tsinghua University, Peking University
Conference Fee: 300 yuan/person
Registration Deadline: June 20, 2013

For more information, please visit: Renren page | Weibo

If you have any questions about the registeration procedure, please email iysecc@126.com, or call CYCAN office directly at 86-10-52400275. We will get back to you as soon as we can!

Again, Don't forget to CLICK HERE and save yourself a seat for this green festival!

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China Youth Climate Action Network · Room 1221, Unit 4, Dahezhuangyuan Complex · No.3 Suzhou Street, Haidian District, · Somerville, Ma 02143

Ley 1622 del 29 de Abril de 2013 "Estatuto de Ciudadanía Juvenil"

2013-05-19T17:49:00.000-07:00

Conozca y difunda esta nueva ley de los Jóvenes Colombianos!!

Ley 1622 del 29 de Abril de 2013 by LuisFdoAlarconU

Hora del Planeta 2013

2013-03-17T21:01:00.007-07:00

Da clic para ver mas detalles de este evento en facebook

En twitter: #unahorapara seguir siendo líderes por el Planeta. Ponle la camiseta a tu perfil en las redes sociales: http://twibbon.com/support/unahorapara-2/twitter

Consulta Mundial sobre los Objetivos de la #Education2015

2012-12-07T09:00:00.003-08:00

Ahora, una nueva consulta se ha puesto en marcha, sobre un tema de gran relevancia para los jóvenes:

EDUCACIÓN!!

Esta consulta mundial ayudará a dar forma a los objetivos de la educación para las generaciones venideras. Por favor, vaya a www.worldwewant2015.org/education2015. Expresa tu opinión y dale forma al futuro de la educación!

Sigue @WorldWeWant2015 en Twitter, e invita a otros a unirse a la consulta sobre la educación usando #Education2015

Gracias y Pasa La Voz!!

@LuisFdoAlarconU

Invitation: Join to contribute to the global e-Discussion on governance and the post-2015 framework

2012-11-28T05:32:00.001-08:00

Español

Queridos colegas,

El PNUD y la Oficina del Alto Comisionado por los Derechos Humanos (OHCHR), apoyados por el Gobierno de Alemania, están convocando conjuntamente una consulta mundial temática sobre gobernanza. Como parte de esta consulta mundial, el PNUD y la OHCHR lanzarán una Discusión Electrónica sobre Gobernanza y Rendición Pública de Cuentas en el Marco de Desarrollo Post-2015, que tendrá lugar durante cuatro semanas desde el 19 de noviembre al 16 de diciembre, comprendiendo dos fases: Fase I desde el 19 de noviembre al 2 de diciembre y Fase II desde el 3 de diciembre al 16 de diciembre.

Fase I (19 de noviembre – 2 de diciembre): Construyendo los pilares para la gobernanza en un marco de desarrollo post-2015

Durante esta fase, evaluaremos las formas en las cuales se reflejó la gobernanza en los actuales ODM; también buscará evaluar la manera en la cual ha cambiado el contexto de gobernanza desde que se concibieron los ODM. También reflexionaremos sobre laslecciones que han surgido sobre el rol de la gobernanza en el alcance y sostenibilidad de los ODM y de otros objetivos internacionales de desarrollo. Mirando hacia delante, la pregunta guía general de esta fase de la Discusión Electrónica es: ¿Cuáles deberían ser los pilares para una gobernanza receptiva y efectiva en una agenda post-2015?

Más preguntas guías durante esta fase incluirán:

1. Dimensiones de gobernanza: ¿Cómo pueden incluirse múltiples dimensiones de gobernanza en un marco mundial de desarrollo? ¿Cómo ha cambiado el contexto de gobernanza – incluyendo oportunidades y desafíos—desde que se concibieron los ODM?¿Cómo se afectan mutuamente la gobernanza y la (des)igualdad, incluyendo la desigualdad de género?¿Qué lecciones han surgido en lo concerniente a la importancia de componentes específicos de gobernanza para el alcance y sostenibilidad de los ODM y otros Objetivos de Desarrollo Convenidos Internacionalmente (IADG)?¿Por qué es relevante la gobernanza para el alcance y sostenibilidad de las prioridades de desarrollo?¿Cuáles son las experiencias a nivel sub-nacional, nacional, regional y mundial al respecto?

2. Viabilidad de objetivos: ¿Será deseable o viable proponer objetivos y metas de gobernanza en áreas específicas? ¿Cuáles son los abordajes alternativos?

3. Algunas áreas de examinación podrían incluir:

a.Participación cívica que incluya los derechos de pueblos indígenas, minorías, juventud, personas con discapacidades, ancianos, migrantes (legales o no), entre otros;
b.Capacidades de las instituciones públicas (incluyendo las de administración de la justicia, participación democrática y seguridad personal) a nivel nacional o sub-nacional;
c.Gobernanza global (instituciones, mecanismos e instituciones globales); colaboraciones globales y coherencia en políticas públicas en todos los niveles (por ejemplo, en áreas tales como comercio, medio ambiente, justicia, etc.)

4. Rol de las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC) en gobernanza: ¿Cuál podría ser el rol de las TIC en la construcción de capacidad institucional? ¿Y en activar la participación cívica y empoderar a individuos y grupos en todo el mundo?

La Discusión Electrónica podría también incluir otros temas relacionados y relevantes que surjan en el transcurso del diálogo.

Está invitado a participar en esta consulta global en línea para ayudarnos a dar forma a la futura agenda de desarrollo.

Para unirse a la Discusión Electrónica, por favor diríjase a la plataforma en línea, www.worldwewant2015.org/governance, que es de propiedad conjunta del sistema de Naciones Unidas y la sociedad civil. En esta página, se puede registrar o iniciar la sesión en la parte superior derecha de la pantalla y seguir luego las instrucciones dadas a continuación. También puede leer o contribuir con sus visiones en cualquiera de los sesenta idiomas que reconoce el componente de traducción de Google de este sitio.

Esperamos con entusiasmo colaborar con Uds. en esta importante emprendimiento.

Cordiales saludos,

Geraldine Fraser-Moleketi

Director de Práctica

Grupo de Gobernanza Democrática

Dirección de Políticas de Desarrollo

Programa de Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (PNUD)

Marcia V.J. Kran

Director

División de Investigación y Derecho al Desarrollo

Oficina del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas por los Derechos Humanos (OHCHR)

English

Dear colleagues,

UNDP and OHCHR, supported by the Government of Germany, are co-convening a global thematic consultation on governance. As part of this global consultation, UNDP and OHCHR is convening an e-Discussion on Governance and Accountability in the Post-2015 Development Framework, which will take place over four weeks from 19 November to 16 December, encompassing two phases: Phase I from 19 November to 2 December and Phase II from 3 December to 16 December.

Phase I (19 November – 2 December): Building blocks for governance in a post-2015 development framework
During this phase, we will assess how governance has been reflected in the current MDGs, it will also seek to assess how the context of governance (including opportunities and challenges) has changed since the MDGs were conceived. We will also reflect on the lessons that have emerged about the role of governancein the achievement and sustainability of the MDGs and other international development goals. Looking forward, the overall guiding question of this phase of the e-Discussion is: What should be the building blocks for responsive and effective governance in a post-2015 agenda?

Further guiding questions during this phase include:

1. Dimensions of governance: How can multiple dimensions of governance be included in a global development framework? To what extent has governance been reflected in the current MDGs? How has the context of governance—including opportunities and challenges—changed since the MDGs were conceived? How do governance and (in)equality, including gender inequality, affect one another? What lessons have emerged regarding the importance of specific components of governance for the achievement and sustainability of the MDGs and other IADGs? Why is governance relevant for the achievement and sustainability of development priorities? What are experiences at the sub-national, national, regional and global level in this regard?

2. Feasibility of goals: Would it be desirable or feasible to propose governance goals and targets in specific areas? What are alternative approaches?

3. Some areas of examination could include:

a.Civic participation that includes the rights of indigenous peoples, minorities, youth, persons with disabilities, older persons, migrants (legal or otherwise), amongst others;
b.Capacities of public institutions (including for the administration of justice, democratic participation, and personal security) at national or sub-national level;
c.Global governance (global institutions, mechanisms and instruments); global partnerships and policy coherence at all levels (i.e. in areas such as trade, the environment, justice, etc.)

4. Role of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in governance: What might be the role of ICTs in building institutional capacity? In mobilizing civic participation and empowering individuals and groups around the world?

The e-Discussion may also include other related and relevant issues that arise during the course of the dialogue.

You are invited to take part in this global online consultation to help us shape the future development agenda.

To join the e-Discussion, please go to the online platform, www.worldwewant2015.org/governance, which is co-owned by the UN system and civil society. Once on the page, you can register or login on the upper right side of the screen and follow the prompts given thereafter. You may also read or contribute your views in any of the sixty languages supported by the site's Google translate feature.

We look forward to further collaborating with you on this very important endeavour.

Best regards,

Geraldine Fraser-Moleketi

Practice Director

Democratic Governance Group

Bureau for Development Policy

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

Marcia V.J. Kran

Director

Research and Right to Development Division

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)

Français

Chers collègues,

Le PNUD et l'OHCHR co-organisent avec le soutien du gouvernement allemand, une consultation thématique mondiale sur la gouvernance. Dans le cadre de cette consultation mondiale, le PNUD et l'OHCHR lanceront un débat en ligne (e-discussion) sur les principes de Gouvernance et de responsabilité au sein du cadre de développement de l'après 2015, qui se déroulera surquatre semaines, du 19 novembre au 16 décembre, et comprendra deux phases: La première phase se déroulera du 19 novembre au 2 décembre et la deuxième phase du 3 décembre au 16 décembre.

1ère Phase (19 Novembre – 2 Décembre): Piliers de la gouvernance au sein d'un cadre de développement après 2015

Au cours de cette phase, nous évaluerons dans quelle mesure la gouvernance a été prise en compte dans les OMD actuels, et comment le contexte de la gouvernance (y compris ses défis et opportunités) a évolué depuis la création des OMD. Nous réfléchirons également aux leçons que l'on peut tirer du rôle qu'a joué la gouvernance dans la réalisation et la pérennisation des OMD et des autres objectifs internationaux de développement. Tournés vers l'avenir, la question générale d'orientation pour ce débat en ligne, est : Quels devraient être les piliers d'une gouvernance efficace et attentive dans un programme d'après 2015?

Citons parmi les questions d'orientation susceptibles d'être posées au cours de cette phase:

1. Dimensions de la gouvernance: Comment tenir compte des multiples dimensions de la gouvernance dans un cadre de développement mondial? Dans quelle mesure la gouvernance a-t-elle été prise en compte dans les OMD actuels? Comment le contexte de la gouvernance (y compris ses défis et opportunités) a t-il évolué depuis la création de OMD? Comment la gouvernance et l'(in)égalité, notamment l'inégalité entre les sexes, s'influencent--ils mutuellement? Quels sont les enseignements tirés de l'importance de certains volets précis de la gouvernance pour atteindre et pérenniser les OMD et d'autres Objectifs de développement arrêtés à l'échelle internationale. Pourquoi la gouvernance est-elle importante pour réaliser et pérenniser les priorités de développement? Quelles sont les expériences acquises au niveau sous-régional, national, régional et mondial à cet égard?

2. Faisabilité des objectifs: Serait-il souhaitable ou faisable de proposer des objectifs et cibles de gouvernance dans des domaines précis? Quelles sont les formules alternatives?

3. Citons parmi les volets à examiner:

a.La participation citoyenne, qui englobe, notamment, les droits des peuples autochtones, des minorités, des jeunes, des personnes handicapées, des personnes âgées, des migrants (légaux ou autres);
b.Les capacités des institutions publiques (notamment en ce qui concerne l'administration de la justice, la participation démocratique et la sécurité personnelle) au plan national et infranational.
c.La gouvernance mondiale (les institutions, mécanismes et instruments mondiaux); les partenariats et la cohérence politique à tous les niveaux (c'est à dire dans des domaines tels que le commerce, l'environnement, la justice, etc.)

4. Le Rôle des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) dans la gouvernance: Quel pourrait-être le rôle des TIC pour renforcer les capacités institutionnelles? pour mobiliser la participation citoyenne et renforcer l'autonomie des groupes et des personnes à travers le monde?

Le débat en ligne pourra également aborder d'autres problématiques connexes et pertinentes qui surgiront au fil du dialogue.

Vous êtes invité à prendre part à cette consultation mondiale en ligne afin de nous aider à définir les contours du futur programme de développement.

Pour participer à ce débat, allez à la page de la plateforme en ligne www.worldwewant2015.org/governance, qui est une propriété conjointe du système des Nations Unies et de la société civile. Une fois sur cette page, vous pouvez vous enregistrer ou vous identifier dans le champ situé dans le coin supérieur droit de l'écran et suivre les instructions qui apparaissent ensuite à l'écran. Vous pouvez également parcourir le site et donner votre avis en soixante langues grâce à l'utilitaire de traduction Google intégré au site.

Nous attendons avec intérêt la poursuite de notre collaboration sur cette très importante initiative.

Cordialement.

Géraldine Fraser-Moleketi

Directrice Pratiques

Groupe Gouvernance démocratique (GGD)

Bureau des politiques de développement

Programme des Nations-Unies pour le développement

Marcia V.J. Kran

Directrice

Division recherche et droit au développement

Bureau du Haut commissaire des Nations Unies aux droits de l'homme (OHCHR)

This message was sent to lfalarconu@unal.edu.co from: World We Want 2015 | 304 East 45th Street | New York, NY 10017

Encuentro Internacional de Derechos Humanos, Panamá 2013

2012-11-26T19:26:00.003-08:00

Colombia nominada para ser parte del Comité Facilitador del PNUMA

2012-11-13T20:06:00.003-08:00

Estimados amigos, comparto la información del proceso que se va a desarrollar en torno a la elección de los coordinadores regionales para el PNUMA desde el Grupo de Jóvenes y Niños de las Naciones Unidas (UN CSD MGYC Major Group for Children & Youth). Previo a este proceso se ha hecho una fuerte incidencia desde los jóvenes como sociedad civil a los acuerdos de Río+20 y se espera que siga trabajando sobre el proceso que ya lleva varios años.

El objetivo de este proceso de votación es llenar los dos asientos destinados a los niños y jóvenes en los Grupos Principales del Comité Facilitador del PNUMA (MGFC), mediante la identificación de dos nuevos Coordinadores Globales del Grupo Principal de Niños y Jóvenes.

Cada organización acreditada es libre de votar por cualquiera de los dos candidatos y basar su elección en la que entre los nominados le parezca mejor en términos del cumplimiento del mandato de los Grupos Principales del PNUMA Comité Facilitador (http://bit.ly/RVOOky) y cumplir con el rol de coordinadores globales del Grupo Principal de Niños y Juventud- PNUMA. Se sugiere del equilibrio regional y de género para elegir los miembros de los Grupos que harán parte del Comité de Facilitación.

Enlace de las Normas: Directrices para la Participación de los Grupos Principales y Actores Relevantes en el Diseño de Políticas del PNUMA.

http://www.unep.org/civil-society/Portals/59/Documents/Guidelines-for-CSO-participation-Aug2609.pdf

Cada organización podrá votar por dos (2) candidatos. Deberá enviar el formulario completado antes del 20 de noviembre de 2012 a al3laiwi@hotmail.com sajosve@gmail.com , y civil.society@unep.org (el Formulario lo podré enviar adjunto para quienes lo requieran). Esos dos (2) votos vienen de las organizaciones de Niños y Jóvenes acreditados por el PNUMA: Para mayor información, por favor enviar un correo sajosve@gmail.com y al3laiwi@hotmail.com

Las siguientes organizaciones son las acreditadas del PNUMA y que figuran como pertenecientes al MGYC (a 1 de noviembre de 2012) y son elegibles para votar:

1) Arab Office of Youth and Environment (AOYE)
2) Earthcorps
3) Horn of Africa Voluntary Youth Committee (HAVOYOCO)
4) National Youth Achievement Award (NYAA)
5) Peace Child International (PCI)
6) TakingITGlobal (TIG)
7) The Ecological Youth of Angola – Juventude Ecologica Angolana (JEA)
8) World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS)
9) World Organization of the Scout Movement (World Scout Movement)
10) World Youth Congress on Food and Development
11) World Youth Foundation (WYF)
12) Youth For Action
13) Youth For Development and Cooperation.

Si otras organizaciones de niños o jóvenes se acreditan con el PNUMA antes del plazo de la votación, son bienvenidos a votar también. (Más adelante informaré como realizar este trámite, ya solicite más información).

Aquí está la lista de Candidatos a nivel global:

Número Nombre, Genero, Edad, Pais
1 Roli Mahajan, Female, 26, India
2 Kehkashan Basu, Female, 12, United Arab Emirates
3 Christopher Stampar, Male, 20, United States
4 Tsai Yong Qing Shanisse, Female, 15, Singapore
5 Kaviri Ali, Male, 23, Uganda
6 Saket Mani, Male, 19, India
7 Nhat-Tan Nguyen, Male, 18, Canada
8 Linh Do, Female, 21, Australia
9 Shruti, Female, 21, India
10 Bayita Kokou Elom, Male, 29, Togo
11 Jessie James L. Marcellones, Male, 25, Philippines
12 Nemtalla Shawgi, Female, 21, Sudan
13 Nguyen Thi Huong Lien, Female, 19, Vietnam
14 Kabita Gautam, Female, 25, Nepal
15 Avinash Egala, Male, 21, India
16 Sonia Imelda Preisser Rubio, Female, 26, Mexico
17 Sharad V. Sagar, Male, 21, India
18 Luis Fernando Alarcón Urrutia, Male, 22, Colombia
19 Codrin Paveliuc Olariu, Male, 28, Romania
20 Chunyan Wang, Female, 21, China
21 Shani Nelson Zongo, Female, 15, USA
22 Gracia Paramitha, Female, 23, Indonesia
23 Saurav Raj Pant, Male, 21, Nepal
24 Dineshwar Chaudhary, Male, 30, Nepal
25 Clarence Moonde Muzyamba, Male, 29, Zambia
26 Chanda Mulenga, Female, 22, Zambia
27 Danilo Arsenijevic, Male, 24, Serbia
28 Aashish Khullar, Male, 26, India/USA
29 Lena Mäckelburg, Female, 26, Germany
30 Karuna Rana, Female, 24, Mauritius
31 Sarah Dayringer, Female, 28, USA
32 Richard Banda, Male, 27, Zambia
33 Danny Mbuyi Lukusa, Male, 27, Democratic Republic of Congo
34 Uwamahoro Jeanine, Female, 24, Rwanda
35 Prem Prakash, Male, 21, India

Si al 20 de noviembre dos candidatos han recibido los votos de la mayoría de las organizaciones acreditadas, los dos candidatos serán elegidos. Si este no es el caso, una segunda ronda de votación se iniciará. La fecha límite para votar en esta posible segunda votación sería el 30 de noviembre de 2012.

Cualquier consulta adicional no duden en comunicarse.

Muchas gracias,

Luis Fernando Alarcón Urrutia

Celular: (+57) 313 389 6181

Skype: lfalarconu
Facebook Twitter YouTube

Plant trees to fight poverty

2012-11-12T20:13:00.000-08:00

Dear Friend,

Last month, Earth Day Network made a major commitment through the Global Poverty Project: We're going to plant 10 million trees in impoverished areas around the world in five years. And we need your help to make it happen.

For every dollar you donate, we'll plant one tree.

Why trees? Trees reverse the impacts of land degradation and provide food, energy and income, helping communities to achieve long-term economic and environmental sustainability. Trees also filter the air and help stave off the effects of climate change.

With the reality of increasingly unpredictable weather patterns and more frequent and violent storms and floods, tree cover to prevent devastating soil erosion has never been more important.

Donate today to plant trees where they're needed most.

It's the world's poor whose health and livelihoods suffer the most from the effects of environmental degradation. But while those in poverty bear the brunt of these environmental problems, they contribute very little to the problems' causes. That's unjust, and we have to do something about it.

You can do something about it through your generous donation to plant trees in the areas of the world where they'll do the most good for the most vulnerable populations.

The planet is losing nearly 15,000,000 hectares of forest each year. Through our Canopy Project, Earth Day Network has been working tirelessly to reverse this devastating deforestation by planting millions of trees in places like Uganda, Brazil, Haiti, Mexico and more.

These trees are not only healing the planet, they're mending local economies and improving the quality of life for those living in extreme poverty. But we have to do more. Please consider contributing to this critical effort today.

Thanks for all your support,

Kathleen Rogers
President, Earth Day Network

1ª Encuesta Iberoamericana de Juventudes

2012-10-12T14:37:00.001-07:00

Será el primer paso para poner de manifiesto el valor de la juventud en Iberoamérica. Un instrumento que dará voz a 150 millones de jóvenes de la región. Es la convicción de saber que necesitamos conocerlos y dejar que sus ideas nos influyan, nos motiven y nos guíen para transformar sus realidades y el futuro de nuestros países. La 1ª Encuesta Iberoamericana de Juventudes es el punto de partida para un cambio necesario.

Participa, ingresa a http://www.oij.org/encuesta/

Mayor información.

Consulta para Plan de Acción para Todo el Sistema de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas sobre Juventud

2012-08-04T15:08:00.001-07:00

Estimados y estimadas colegas, les reenvío esta información esperando puedan circular entre sus contactos de organizaciones de jóvenes, líderes juveniles y otras organizaciones que trabajan con jóvenes esta información, que permitirá conocer las prioridades de las personas jóvenes a nivel global en el tema de juventud.

Esto se logrará si participan llenando el cuestionario del Plan de Acción para Todo el sistema de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas sobre Juventud.

La Organización de las Naciones Unidas está desarrollando un Plan de Acción para Todo el sistema sobre Juventud. Este Plan de Acción afectará la manera en la que todo el sistema de la ONU trabajará con y para la juventud en los años venideros. El Plan de Acción se concentrará en cinco áreas prioritarias identificadas por la Secretaría General:

- Empleo

- Emprendimientos

- Educación, incluyendo educación sexual y salud reproductiva

- Ciudadanía y protección de derechos

- Inclusión política

Antes de desarrollar este Plan de Acción, la ONU está acercándose a la juventud, a organizaciones lideradas por jóvenes y a otros para buscar sus aportes. Por favor, tome un momento para completar el cuestionario.

El cuestionario está en internet en el siguiente sitio: https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/FJK3P3G

¿Por qué y para qué los/as jóvenes participan en política?

2012-08-01T10:07:00.002-07:00

La anterior pregunta fue dirigida a líderes de opinión, principalmente a jóvenes que forman parte diversos espacios de participación política. Conozca un análisis desde la mirada de varios autores y también lo que opinan los jóvenes sobre este tema.

Objetivos:

General

Hacer una aproximación a la caracterización de los sujetos jóvenes que participan en política.

Específicos

• Indagar a través de diferentes fuentes y medios sobre ¿por qué y para qué los/as jóvenes participan en política?

• Realizar un contraste entre la visión de lo que significa para algunos autores la participación política de los jóvenes y lo que los jóvenes piensan de la participación política.

Contenidos del documento de investigación:

· Juventud y Participación Política

· La participación Política

· La participación de los jóvenes en los partidos políticos

· Jóvenes apolíticos

· De los jóvenes apolíticos y de la política sin jóvenes

· De la política sin jóvenes

· RESULTADOS Y ANÁLISIS

· ¿Por qué y para qué los/as jóvenes participan en política?

· CONCLUSIONES

Responda desde facebook a la misma pregunta, haga clic AQUÍ.

JOVEN Y SU PARTICIPACIÓN POLÍTICA EN COLOMBIA

Encuentro Distrital Jóvenes Indígenas, Bogotá 05 de Julio de 2012

2012-07-03T16:40:00.000-07:00

Bring the Future Back in the Text!

2012-06-18T08:42:00.003-07:00

By Alice Vincent

Policy Officer Future Justice

Assistant to the Management Board UK

The newly released Rio+20 negotiation text by the host country Brazil is an attempt to "make all delegates a bit happy, and a bit unhappy" said Ambassador Luiz Alberto Figueiredo Machado, Executive Secretary of Brazil's National Commission for Rio+20. But at least for youth, it is making us very unhappy indeed! Civil society participation has been severely reduced, the Sustainable Development Council is off the table, UNEP is not receiving a coordinating role, and crucially the High-Level Representative for Sustainable Development and Future Generations has been deleted from the text.

This deletion (previously Paragraph 80) is a serious concern for youth at the Rio+20 conference. Alice Vincent a youth activist from the UK says, "I strongly believe that a Rio+20 outcome that does not include the creation of such an advocate for the needs of future generation wouldn’t be worthy of the title The Future We Want."

The interests and needs of those who will inherit this planet are being systematically compromised by the short-term nature of decision-making and policy. A High-level Representative for Sustainable Development and Future Generations will be tasked with helping government to bring sustainable development, often separate from core policy issues, into the heart of all decision-making.

Rhoda Robinson youth activist from Nigeria said “The removal of this text effectively relegates youth and future generations to the side-lines to watch – not participate – in deciding on our future. This may not look like it something of concern to a young person in Africa but we cannot continue to have no representation, no say and no access to decisions that affect us.”

"This is a one-time opportunity to influence the outcome text in a clear and radical way and make sure that Rio+20 goes beyond just copying the language of previous agreements" says Mathieu Soete, President of the Environmental Working Group, AEGEE / European Students' Forum.

The High-level Representative would work in close cooperation with civil society to represent their concerns and to further their participation at the United Nations. This efficient and innovative solution would ensure a more integrated approach to sustainable development – one of the key objectives of the Rio+20 Conference – and embed long-termism into our political thinking.

Kate Offerdahl from Columbia University says, "Young people are demanding that this language be reinserted into the negotiating text and that a High-level Representative for Sustainable Development and Future Generations be an enduring accomplishment of the Rio+20 Conference".

In addition to the representation of future generations and young people in the form of a High-Level Representative, wider youth participation throughout the process of developing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), inclusion of youth delegates in all member state delegations, and meaningful and effective youth participation across UN sustainable development forums are all key to making sure the interests of youth are represented and their voices are heard.

Laurence Dambuki. African Union Youth delegate said, “Developing countries are particularly concerned about improving means of implementation to ensure the effectiveness of the interventions and to invest financial and human resources efficiently. This proposal would be instrumental in addressing current implementation gaps by helping governments and UN bodies work together on long-term planning and the sharing of best practice.”

Más allá de Río +20: un movimiento juvenil mundial para el desarrollo sostenible

2012-06-16T18:02:00.000-07:00

Beyond Rio+20: A Global Youth Movement for Sustainable Development

Co‐organized by: AEGEE, MGCY, Road to Rio+20, UNFPA, World Economic Forum's Global Shapers and Green Young Economy

Date: Tuesday, 18 June 2012

Time: 11:30 – 13:00

Venue: Rio Centro, Room T‐4, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Current leaders and youth representatives have come together to make young people's voice, interests, needs, actions, and visions a

key part of Rio+20. Such cooperation efforts must continue after the UN summit. The event will therefore discuss future scenarios both

in terms of priorities for the movement (e.g. SDGs, youth unemployment, education) and form (through the Major Groups or an

independent alliance). Feedback will be sought from other stakeholders, whose partnership will be fundamental in making a long‐term

youth movement flourish, for a sustainable future. http://www.uncsd2012.org/rio20/index.php?page=view&type=1000&nr=374&menu=126

Panelists

•David Nabarro, UN Secretary General's Special Representative For Food Security and Nutrition

•Janez Potocnik, European Commissioner for the Environment

•Jan‐Willem Scheijgrond, Senior Director Environment, Health & Safety – Philips Corporate Sustainability Office

•Nicolo Wojewoda, Director, Road to Rio+20

•Olimar E. Maisonet‐Guzman, Rio+20 Facilitator, Major Group for Children and Youth ‐ UNCSD

•High level speaker (TBC), Greenpeace

•Moderator: Andrea Carafa, Liaison Officer towards the UN at AEGEE, Global Shaper, GYE founder

Please register for the event: http://beyondrioplus20.eventbrite.com/

The Future We Want

2012-06-13T22:12:00.002-07:00

2 June 2012, 5:00 pm

Co-Chairs Consolidated Text

THE FUTURE WE WANT

I. Our Common Vision

1. We, the heads of State and Government and high level representatives, having met at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 20-22 June 2012, with full participation of civil society, renew our commitment to sustainable development, and to ensure the promotion of economically, socially and environmentally sustainable future for our planet and for present and future generations. [Agreed ad ref]

2. Eradicating poverty is the greatest global challenge facing the world today and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. In this regard we are committed to free humanity from [extreme - US; G77 delete] poverty and hunger as a matter of urgency.

2.bis We acknowledge the need to further mainstream sustainable development at all levels through integrated approaches, incorporating economic, social and environmental aspects and recognizing their interlinkages, so as to achieve sustainable development in all its dimensions [, in accordance with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. -G77; US, Canada, Japan, EU delete.]

3. We recognize that poverty eradication together with [changing unsustainable - EU, G77 retain / promoting sustainable - US] patterns of production and consumption and protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development are the overarching objectives of and essential requirements for sustainable development. We also reaffirm the need to: promote [sustained and equitable and inclusive / sustained and inclusive - US] economic growth and sustainable development, create greater opportunities for all, reduce income inequality, and raise basic standards of living; foster equitable social development and inclusion; and integrated and sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystems that supports inter alia economic, social and human development while facilitating ecosystem conservation, regeneration and restoration and resilience in the face of new and emerging challenges.

Note: Para. 2, 2bis and 3 are part of the package deal. US to revert on para. 3.

4. We reaffirm our commitment to making every effort to accelerate the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. [Agreed ad ref]

5. We recognize that people are at the center of sustainable development and in this regard, we strive for a world which is just, equitable and inclusive, and we commit to work together to promote sustained economic growth and development, social equity and environmental sustainability, and thereby to benefit all. [Agreed ad ref]

6. We reaffirm that we continue to be guided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and with full respect for international law and its principles. [Agreed ad ref]

7. We also reaffirm the importance of freedom, peace and security, respect for all human rights, including the right to development [and the right to an adequate standard of living, including [the right to - US delete] food], the rule of law, gender equality and women’s empowerment and the overall commitment to just and democratic societies for development.

8. We reaffirm the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as well as other international instruments relating to human rights and international law. We emphasize the responsibilities of all states, in conformity with the Charter, to [respect, protect and promote/ promote universal respect for, and observance and protection of all –US] human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind to race, colour, sex, language or religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, disability or other status.

9. We acknowledge that democracy, good governance and the rule of law, at the national and international levels, as well as an enabling environment are essential for sustainable development, including sustained and inclusive economic growth, social development, environmental protection and the eradication of poverty and hunger. We reaffirm that to achieve our goals of sustainable development. We need institutions at all levels that are effective, transparent, accountable and democratic. [Agreed ad ref]

10. We reaffirm our commitment to strengthening international cooperation to address the persistent challenges related to sustainable development for all, in particular in developing countries. In this regard, we reaffirm the need to achieve economic stability and sustained economic growth, promotion of social equity, and protection of the environment, while enhancing gender equality and women’s empowerment, and equal opportunities for all, and the protection, survival and development of children to their full potential, including through education. [Agreed ad ref]

11. We resolve to take urgent action to achieve sustainable development. We therefore renew our commitment to sustainable development, assessing the progress to date and the remaining gaps in the implementation of the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development and addressing new and emerging challenges. We express our determination to address the themes of the Conference, namely a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, and the institutional framework for sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

12. We recognize that people’s opportunities to influence their lives and future, participate in decision making and voice their concerns are fundamental for sustainable development. We underscore that sustainable development requires concrete and urgent action. It can only be achieved with a broad alliance of people, governments, civil society and private sector, all working together to secure the future we want for present and future generations. [Agreed ad ref]

II. Renewing Political Commitment

A. Reaffirming Rio principles and past action plans

13. We recall the Stockholm Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment adopted at Stockholm on 16 June 1972. [Agreed ad ref]

14. We [also reaffirm that all the Principles contained in the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development / reaffirm the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development and all its principles - G77; US delete][in particular the Principle of CBDR and equity – G77; US, Japan delete], will continue to guide the international community in the achievement of sustainable development and the future we want [and will serve as the basis for cooperation, coherence and implementation of agreed commitments, including in this outcome –US, Japan, Canada delete; G77 retain].

15. We reaffirm our commitment to fully implement the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Agenda 21, the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, the Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development and the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the Barbados Programme of Action and the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation. We also reaffirm our commitment to the full implementation of the Istanbul Programme of Action for Least Developed Countries, the Almaty Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries, the Political declaration on Africa’s development needs, and the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, [the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the Key Actions for Further Implementation of the Programme of Action, and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action - G77 delete] [. We recall -G77] as well as our commitments in the outcomes of all the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic, social and environmental fields, including the UN Millennium Declaration and the 2005 World Summit outcome, the Monterrey Consensus and the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development, and the outcome document of the High-Level Plenary Meeting of the UN General Assembly on the MDGs.

16. We recognize the importance of the three Rio Conventions to advancing sustainable development and in this regard we urge all parties to fully implement their commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, [on the basis of equity and – Canada, New Zealand; US delete; Japan reserves] [in accordance with [the principle of / their –Canada, New Zealand; US delete; Japan reserves] common but differentiated responsibilities[and respective capabilities –Canada, New Zealand; US delete; Japan reserves],-US, Japan, EU delete; G77, RoK, Norway retain] the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification [in accordance with their respective principles - New Zealand], to take effective and concrete actions and measures at all levels, and to enhance international cooperation.

17. We are determined to reinvigorate political will and to raise the level of commitment by the international community to move the sustainable development agenda forward, through the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals including the Millennium Development Goals. [We further reaffirm our respective commitments to other relevant internationally agreed goals in the economic, social and environmental fields since 1992. - Switzerland] We therefore resolve to take concrete measures that accelerate implementation of sustainable development commitments.

B. Advancing Integration, Implementation, and Coherence: Assessing the progress to date and the remaining gaps in the implementation of the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development and addressing new and emerging challenges

18. We recognize that the twenty years since the Earth Summit in 1992 have seen uneven progress, including in sustainable development and poverty eradication. We emphasize the need to make progress in implementing previous commitments. We also recognize the need to accelerate progress in closing development gaps between developed and developing countries, and to seize and create opportunities to achieve sustainable development through economic growth and diversification, social development and environment protection. To this end, we underscore the continued need for an enabling environment at the national and international levels, as well as continued and strengthened international cooperation, particularly in the areas of finance, debt, trade, and [voluntary –US; G77 delete] technology transfer [[as mutually agreed – G77 delete; Canada] / on mutually agreed terms and conditions- US; G77 delete], and innovation and entrepreneurship, capacity building, [transparency and accountability. – EU; G77 delete][We recognize the diversification of actors and stakeholders engaged in the pursuit of sustainable development. In this context we affirm the continued need for [increased voice - US delete] and full and effective participation of all countries, in particular developing countries in global decision making. - G77, US revert]

19. We acknowledge that since 1992 there have been areas of insufficient progress and setbacks in the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development, aggravated by multiple financial, economic, food and energy crises, which have threatened the ability of all countries, in particular developing countries, to achieve sustainable development [and in this regard it is critical that we observe the principle of non-regression. –G77; US, EU, Canada, Japan, Switzerland delete]

[19 bis. We recognize that the current major challenge for developing countries is the impact from the multiple crises affecting the world today, particularly the ongoing economic and financial crisis, as a result of the deficiency of the international financial system. In this regard we reaffirm the urgent need to deepen the reform of the global financial system and architecture based on the principles of equity, sovereign equality, independence, common interest, cooperation and solidarity among all States. - G77; US delete]

20. We are deeply concerned that one in five people on this planet, or over one billion people, still live in extreme poverty, and that one in seven or 14% is undernourished, while public health challenges including pandemics and epidemics remain omnipresent threats [and therefore we acknowledge the ongoing discussions on human security in the United Nations General Assembly - Japan, US, EU, Canada, Switzerland; G77 delete]. We acknowledge that with the world’s population projected to exceed nine billion by 2050with an estimated two thirds living in cities we need to increase our efforts to achieve sustainable development and in particular, the eradication of poverty and hunger.

21. We recognize examples of progress in sustainable development at regional, national, sub-national and local levels. We note that efforts to achieve sustainable development have been reflected in regional, national and sub-national policies and plans, and that governments have strengthened their commitment to sustainable development since the adoption of Agenda 21 through legislation and institutions, and the development and implementation of international, regional and sub-regional agreements and commitments. [Agreed ad ref]

22. Deleted

23. We reaffirm the importance of supporting developing countries in their efforts to eradicate poverty and promote empowerment of the poor and vulnerable groups including removing barriers to opportunity and enhancing productive capacity, developing sustainable agriculture, and promoting full and productive employment and decent work for all, complemented by effective social policies, including social protection floors, with a view to achieving the internationally agreed development goals, including the MDGs. [Agreed ad ref]

24. We express deep concern about the continuing high levels of unemployment and underemployment, particularly among young people, and note the need for sustainable development strategies to proactively address youth employment. [In this regard, we recognize the need for a global strategy on youth and employment and note the work of the ILO. - EU revert]

[24 bis We acknowledge that climate change is a cross-cutting and persistent crisis and express our concern that the scale and gravity of the negative impacts of climate change [affect all countries – EU; G77 delete] and undermine the ability of [particularly the most vulnerable – EU; G77 delete] developing countries to achieve sustainable development and the MDGs and for some threaten the territorial integrity and their existence and viability as countries. [Therefore we underscore that combating climate change requires urgent and ambitious action and the widest possible cooperation among all countries – EU; G77 delete] – G77; US, Canada, Japan delete]

[24 ter We express deep concern on the imposition of laws and other forms of coercive economic measures, including unilateral sanctions, against developing countries, which undermine international law and the rules of the WTO and also severely threaten freedom of trade and investment, and in this regard urge States to refrain from enacting and implementing such measures that hamper the full achievement of sustainable development, as well as trade in developing countries - G77, Belarus; US, Canada delete; EU, Australia reserve]

[24. quat We reaffirm the need to take further effective measures to remove obstacles to the realization of the right of peoples to self-determination, in particular peoples living under colonial and foreign occupation, which continue to adversely affect their economic and social development as well as their environment and are incompatible with the dignity and worth of the human person and must be combated and eliminated. People under foreign occupation must be protected in accordance with the provisions of international humanitarian law. –G77; Canada, US, Japan delete; EU reserve]

[24. quint We also reaffirm that in accordance with the Declaration on the Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, this shall not be construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States conducting themselves in compliance with the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples and thus possessed of a Government representing the whole people belonging to the territory without distinction of any kind. –G77; US, Canada, Azerbaijan, Japan delete; EU reserve]

25. We recognize that many people, especially the poor, depend directly on ecosystems for their livelihoods, their economic, social and physical well-being, and their cultural heritage. For this reason, it is essential to generate decent jobs and incomes that decrease disparities in standards of living to better meet people’s needs and promote sustainable livelihoods and practices and the sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystems. [Agreed ad ref]

26. We emphasize that sustainable development must be inclusive and people-centered, benefiting and involving all people, including youth and children. We recognize that gender equality and women’s empowerment [, including through access to reproductive health services – US; G77, Holy See delete] are important for sustainable development and our common future. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitments [to the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the Key Actions for Further Implementation of the Programme of Action (ICPD+5), the Beijing Declaration and the Beijing Platform for Action – Holy See bracket] to ensure women’s equal rights, access and opportunities for participation and leadership in the economy, society and political decision making.

27. We recognize that each country faces specific challenges to achieve sustainable development and we underscore the special challenges facing the most vulnerable countries and in particular African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States as well as the specific challenges facing the middle-income countries. Countries in situations of conflict also need special attention. [Agreed ad ref]

28. We reaffirm our commitment to take urgent and concrete action to address the vulnerability of small island developing states (SIDS), including through the sustained implementation of the Mauritius Strategy and BPoA, and underscore the urgency of finding additional solutions to the major challenges facing small island developing states in a concerted manner so as to support them in sustaining momentum realized in implementing the BPoA and MSI and achieving sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

29. We reaffirm that the Istanbul Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2011-2020 outlines LDCs’ priorities for sustainable development and defines a framework for renewed and strengthened global partnership to implement them. We commit to assist LDCs with the implementation of the IPOA as well as their efforts to achieve sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

30. We recognize that more attention should be given to Africa and the implementation of previously agreed commitments related to its development needs that increased in recent years, it still lags behind were made at major UN Summits and Conferences [in view of the gap in implementation of those commitments – G77]. [We note that [while – G77 delete] aid to Africa still lags behind [some of the – EU] commitments that were previously made. – US delete] We underscore the key priority for the international community of supporting Africa’s sustainable development efforts. In this regard, we [recognize the urgency/ recommit- G77] to fully implement the internationally agreed commitments related to Africa’s development needs, particularly those contained in the United Nations Millennium Declaration, the Declaration on the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development, the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg Plan of Implementation) and the 2005 World Summit Outcome as well as the 2008 Political Declaration on Africa’s development needs. – EU supports Chair’s text

31. We recognize the serious constraints to achieve sustainable development in all its three dimensions in landlocked developing countries. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to address special development needs and the challenges faced by landlocked developing countries through the full, timely and effective implementation of the Almaty Programme of Action as contained in the Declaration on the mid-term review. [Agreed ad ref]

32. We recognize the progress made by middle-income countries in improving the well-being of their people, as well as the specific development challenges they face in their efforts to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities, and achieve their development goals, including the MDGs, and to achieve sustainable development in a comprehensive manner integrating the economic, social and environmental dimensions. We reiterate that these efforts should be adequately supported by the international community, through various forms, taking into account the needs and the capacity to mobilize domestic resources of these countries. [We also recognize the solidarity of middle-income countries with other developing countries with a view to supporting their development efforts, including in the context of South-South and triangular cooperation. –EU; Russian Federation, G77, Belarus delete]

[33. We recognize that the planet Earth and its ecosystem [s – US] are our home and that Mother Earth is a common expression in a number of countries and regions [and that some countries recognize its rights in the context of the promotion of sustainable development]. We are convinced that in order to achieve a just balance among the economic, social and environment needs of present and future generations, it is necessary to promote harmony with nature. - Canada, US, Holy See delete; EU, Japan revert]

34. We call for holistic and integrated approaches to sustainable development which will guide humanity to live in harmony with nature and lead to efforts to restore the health and integrity of the Earth's ecosystem. [Agreed ad ref]

35. We acknowledge the natural and cultural diversity of the world and recognize that all cultures and civilizations can contribute to sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

C. Engaging major groups and other stakeholders [Agreed ad ref]

36. We reaffirm the key role of all levels of government and legislative bodies in promoting sustainable development. We further acknowledge efforts and progress made at the local and sub-national levels, and recognize the important role that such authorities and communities can play in implementing sustainable development, including by engaging citizens and stakeholders, and providing them with relevant information, as appropriate, on the three dimensions of sustainable development. We further acknowledge the need to involve all relevant decision makers into planning and implementation of sustainable development policies. - G77 revert

37. We underscore that broad public participation and access to information and judicial and administrative proceedings are essential to the promotion of sustainable development. Sustainable development requires the meaningful involvement and active participation of all Major Groups – women, children and youth, indigenous peoples, non-governmental organizations, local authorities, workers and trade unions, business and industry, the scientific and technological community, and farmers – and other relevant stakeholders, including regional, national and sub-national legislatures and judiciaries, local communities, volunteer groups and foundations, migrants, families as well as older persons and persons with disabilities. In this regard, we agree to work more closely with Major Groups and other stakeholders and encourage their active participation, as appropriate, in processes that contribute to decision making, planning and implementation of policies and programmes for sustainable development at all levels including through the contribution of their specific views, knowledge and practical know-how. - G77 revert

[38. We acknowledge the role of civil society and the importance of enabling all members of civil society to be actively engaged in sustainable development. We recognize that improved participation of civil society depends upon strengthening access to [legitimately acquired -US] information [and – EU delete] building civil society capacity [and respecting the right to freedom of association and assembly- EU]. We recognize that information and communication technology (ICT) is making it easier for Governments to share information with the public and for the public to hold decision makers accountable. In this regard, it is essential to work towards improved access to ICT, especially broadband networks and services, and bridge the digital divide [through the provision of adequate financial resources, capacity building and technology transfer to developing countries from developed countries and the UN system].

[38 alt We acknowledge the role of civil society and the importance of enabling all members of civil society to be actively engaged in sustainable development. We recognize that improved participation of civil society depends upon strengthening access to [legitimately acquired -US] information [and – EU delete] building civil society capacity, as well as an enabling environment, including for association and assembly. We recognize that information and communication technology (ICT) is facilitating the flow of information between governments and the public. In this regard, it is essential to work toward improved access to ICT, especially broad-band network and services, and bridge the digital divide, recognizing the contribution of international cooperation in this regard.]

39. We underscore that women have a vital role to play in achieving sustainable development. We recognize the leadership role of women and we resolve to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment and to ensure their full and effective participation in sustainable development policies, programmes and decision-making at all levels. [Agreed ad ref]

40. We acknowledge that the implementation of sustainable development will depend on active engagement of both the public and private sectors. We recognise that the active participation of the private sector can contribute to the achievement of sustainable development, including through the important tool of public-private partnerships. We support national regulatory and policy frameworks that enable business and industry to advance sustainable development initiatives taking into account the importance of [applying standards of – G77, US delete] corporate social responsibility [and accountability – G77 delete]. [We encourage businesses to align their business practices to the principles set forth in the UN Global Compact and the Guiding Principles on business and human rights –EU; US delete/We encourage responsible business practices such as those promoted by the Global Compact .]

41. Deleted

[41. Alt1 We acknowledge the importance of corporate sustainability reporting and encourage companies, where appropriate, especially publicly listed and large companies, to integrate sustainability information into their reporting cycle. We recognize the need for global best practices on sustainability reporting, and in this regard, we encourage industry, interested governments, as well as relevant stakeholders, [to launch a process - US, Canada delete] with the support of the UN system, to develop [a] model for best practice and facilitate action for the integration of sustainability reporting, building upon the experiences of already existing national and international reporting frameworks, such as the Global Reporting Initiative, and examine options for capacity building measures for developing countries. - US, Japan, Canada revert; G77 delete]

[41 Alt2 We recognize the utility of sustainability reporting and encourage publicly listed and large companies to consider integrating and publicizing sustainability information as appropriate. - G77]

42. We recognize the important contribution of the scientific and technological community to sustainable development. We are committed to working with and fostering collaboration among academic, scientific and technological community, in particular in developing countries, to close the technological gap between developing and developed countries, strengthen the science-policy interface as well as to foster international research collaboration [including in the area of planetary boundaries – EU; US, G77 delete].

43. We stress the importance of the participation of indigenous peoples in the achievement of sustainable development. We also recognize the importance of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the context of global, regional, national, and sub-national implementation of sustainable development strategies. [Agreed ad ref]

44. We stress the importance of the active participation of young people in decision making processes as the issues we are addressing have a deep impact on present and future generations, and as the contribution of children and youth is vital to the achievement of sustainable development. We also recognize the need to promote intergenerational dialogue and solidarity by recognizing their views.[Agreed ad ref]

45. We stress the importance of the participation of workers and trade unions to the promotion of sustainable development. As the representatives of working people, trade unions are important partners in facilitating the achievement of sustainable development in particular the social dimension. Information, education and training on sustainability at all levels, including in the workplace, are key to strengthening workers’ and trade unions’ capacity to support sustainable development.[Agreed ad ref]

46. We recognize that farmers, including small-scale farmers and fishers, pastoralists and foresters, can make important contributions to sustainable development through production activities that are environmentally sound, enhance food security and the livelihood of the poor, and invigorate production and sustained economic growth. [Agreed ad ref]

47. We note the valuable contributions [of / that –G77] non-governmental organisations [could [and do – US; G77 delete] make –G77; Switzerland, EU delete] in promoting sustainable development through their well-established and diverse experience, expertise and capacity, especially in the area of analysis, sharing of information and knowledge, promotion of dialogue and support of implementation of sustainable development.

[48. We acknowledge the central role of the United Nations, as well as the important contributions of other relevant international organizations[, in particular International Financial Institutions including the multilateral development banks, and stress the importance of cooperation among them –G77] [within their respective mandates –US] in advancing the sustainable development agenda, encouraging and facilitating close cooperation among states, as well as between states and other stakeholders, and mobilizing resources for sustainable development. - G77 revert]

49. We commit ourselves to re-invigorating the global partnership for sustainable development that we launched in Rio in 1992. We recognize the need to impart new momentum to our cooperative pursuit of sustainable development, and commit to work together with Major Groups and other stakeholders in addressing implementation gaps. [Agreed ad ref]

[49 bis. We encourage the UN system to strengthen its capacity to develop and manage partnerships particularly for sustainable development. – EU, placement to be considered]

III. Green Economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication

[Framing the context of green economy, challenges and opportunities, as well as other approaches, visions, and models of sustainable development and poverty eradication –G77; RoK, Switzerland delete]

50. [We consider a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication as a valuable tool for achieving sustainable development and we acknowledge that it can provide options for policy making but is not a rigid set of rules.–RoK] We affirm that there are different approaches, visions, models and tools available to each country, in accordance with its national circumstances and priorities, to achieve our overarching goal[s –G77 delete] to eradicate poverty [, protect natural resources –US, EU, Switzerland] and achieve the three dimensions of sustainable development in an integrated manner. [In this regard, we consider [the transition towards – EU, RoK; G77 delete] [a – G77 delete] green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication as [a [valuable/ important –Switzerland] / one of the valuable means – EU]/ one of the tools– G77] [for all countries – EU; G77 delete/ available to all - Norway] for achieving sustainable development and [we acknowledge –G77 delete] that it [can / could –G77] provide options for policy making but [is not a / should not be a – G77] rigid set of rules. –RoK delete] We emphasize that it should contribute to eradicating poverty as well as sustained economic growth, enhancing social inclusion, improving human welfare and creating opportunities for employment and decent work for all, while maintaining the healthy functioning of the Earth’s ecosystems.

51. We affirm that policies for [a – G77 reserve] green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should be [guided / informed –US] by [and in accordance with [international law, including human rights law – Liechtenstein][equity and –G77] all – US delete] the Rio principles, [in particular the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, – G77; US delete] Agenda 21 and the JPOI, and contribute towards achieving relevant internationally agreed development goals including the MDGs. (RoK, Switzerland, New Zealand, Australia, EU, Japan retain original para 51)

52. We affirm that green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should:

(a) respect each country’s [national sovereignty [over their natural resources in accordance with Principle 2 of the Rio Declaration –G77; US delete] [and [the –G77] right to development- Liechtenstein, US delete] [the right of each country to choose its own vision, models and approaches towards sustainable development and policy space –G77; US delete], as well as its –US, EU, Japan, RoK delete] national circumstances, objectives and priorities with regard to the three dimensions of sustainable development [, with a view to enhancing the implementation of the right to development –Liechtenstein; US delete];

[(a) bis promote the respect, protection, promotion and fulfilment of all human rights –

EU, Liechtenstein, Norway, Mexico; US reserve; G77 delete]

(b) be supported by an enabling environment and well-functioning institutions at all levels with a leading role for governments and with the participation of all relevant stakeholders;

(c) promote sustained and inclusive economic growth, foster innovation and provide opportunities, benefits and empowerment for all;

situations – G77; US, EU, Japan to revert], and acknowledge that countries establish

their national priorities and policies, based on their national circumstances;

(d) strengthen international cooperation [including the provision of enhanced and new financial resources, capacity building and technology transfer on favourable, concessional and preferential terms to developing countries –G77] [, mobilize the efforts of all countries and means of implementation from all sources -G77 delete], and effectively avoid unwarranted conditionalities on ODA and finance; [Japan, EU, US reserve entire para]

(e) [be consistent with international trade rules and –US, Japan, RoK, Switzerland, New Zealand; G77 delete; EU reserve] [effectively – G77; US delete] avoid creating [trade – US, Japan, RoK, Switzerland delete, New Zealand; G77 retain] measures that constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade [in accordance with Principle 12 of the Rio Declaration –G77; US delete; Japan reserve]; [Norway, Australia retain original co-chair text] [EU reserve]

(f) [contribute to closing technology gaps between developed and developing countries [through technology transfer – G77] and reduce the technological dependence of developing countries; - US delete; to be addressed with para 66]

(g) enhance the welfare of indigenous peoples and their communities, other local and traditional communities, and ethnic minorities, recognizing and supporting their identity, culture and interests and avoid endangering their cultural heritage and traditional knowledge;

(h) enhance the welfare of women, children, youth, persons with disabilities, smallholder and subsistence farmers, fishers and those working in small and medium enterprises, and support the livelihoods and development of [people in vulnerable situations/ members of vulnerable groups –US, New Zealand][in developing countries -G77; US, EU delete];

(h) bis mobilize the full potential and ensure equal contribution of both women and men;

(i) promote productive activities in developing countries that contribute to the eradication of poverty;

(j) sub-para deleted

(k) preserve and promote community practices and non-market approaches that have demonstrated to be useful in eradicating poverty and protecting the environment [particularly- US] [in developing countries – G77];

(l) [address the concern about inequalities between and within countries and the related concentration of income and wealth [, and build social protection floors – EU, G77]. –US delete]

[(l) bis promote sustainable consumption and production patterns with developed

countries taking the lead, and move the world towards sustainable development,

in accordance with Rio Principles, in particular the principle of common but

differentiated responsibilities; – G77; US, EU delete]

[(l) ter effectively avoid increasing the financial burden of developing countries and

their people in providing basic needs; – G77; US, EU delete]

[(l) quat effectively avoid financialisation of natural resources that can result in the excessive concentration of financial resources in developed countries. –G77; US, EU delete]

Note: RoK, Australia reserve on amendments to 52sub-paras; New Zealand reserves on proposed amendments to sub-paras)

Canada, EU, RoK propose agreeing to paras 53 to 57 with minor amendments.

53. [We view the implementation of policies related to a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication [[as a common [undertaking / effort / endeavour]], and –G77 delete; Japan retain] [of interested countries – EU], /as an undertaking of interested countries – G77; Japan revert] and recognize that [in considering green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication – G77] each country can choose an appropriate [path towards a fair and inclusive future / implementing approach – Switzerland] in accordance with national sustainable development plans, strategies and priorities [in accordance with the sovereign right of states to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and developmental policies while ensuring–G77; US delete] [ [, while taking into account –G77 delete] that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction–US, Switzerland delete].

54. [We acknowledge that green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should strive to enhance our ability to manage natural resources sustainably and with lower negative environmental impacts, increase resource efficiency and reduce waste, promote the conservation, management and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystem [services – G77 delete; US, Norway, EU retain], and promote sustainable consumption and production patterns [with developed countries taking the lead – G77; US, EU delete] towards the achievement of sustainable development.] G77 reserve

[54 bis We recognize that strong and urgent action on sustainable patterns of production and consumption is fundamental in addressing environmental sustainability, conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, regeneration of natural resources, and the promotion of sustained, inclusive and equitable global growth. In this regard, we urge developed countries to undertake significant changes in the lifestyles of their people to move towards a more sustainable future for all. – G77 from 25 ter; US, EU, Switzerland, Japan, Norway delete]

55. We encourage each country [, as appropriate, - EU, Mexico, Norway delete; US revert] to [consider the implementation of/implement - Norway] green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a manner that endeavours to drive sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth and the creation of [green] jobs and decent work, particularly for women and youth and [people in vulnerable situations / members of vulnerable groups – US, New Zealand, Norway]. In this respect, we note the importance of ensuring that workers are equipped with the necessary skills, including through education and capacity building, and are provided with the necessary social and health protections. In this regard, we encourage [business and industry/ all stakeholders – G77/all relevant stakeholders, including business and industry - EU, Norway] to contribute, as appropriate. We invite governments to improve knowledge and statistical capacity on job trends, developments and constraints and integrate relevant data into national statistics, with the support of relevant UN agencies within their mandates.

56. We [ [call for / encourage – US/ underscore the importance of evaluation of social and environmental factors – G77] [the integration of social and environmental costs – G77 delete] in [all - US delete] decision making and policy making/underscore the importance of evaluation of social and environmental factors and encourage, where appropriate, the integration of social and environmental costs into decision making and policy making. –Switzerland, Mexico RoK] [. We – G77] [ and – G77 delete] acknowledge that it will be important to take into account the effectiveness, opportunities and challenges of green economy [policies – G77] in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, as well as its environmental, social and economic benefits, costs [and risks – US delete], using the best available scientific data and analysis. We acknowledge that a mix of regulatory measures [in accordance with international rules, provisions and agreements and – G77; US delete/ consistent with obligations under international instruments – Norway; G77, US to check], voluntary approaches, [non-market] and market-based mechanisms could promote green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. We reaffirm that [a framework of – New Zealand delete] social policies at all levels [is / are – New Zealand] vital to promoting sustainable development.

Note: G77 separate the sentence “We acknowledge that…” as a separate paragraph.

57. We acknowledge that involvement of all stakeholders and their partnerships, networking and experience sharing at all levels could help countries to learn from one another in identifying appropriate sustainable development policies, including green economy. We note the positive experiences in some countries, including in developing countries, in adopting green economy policies that promote sustainable development and poverty eradication through an inclusive approach and welcome the voluntary exchange of experiences as well as capacity building in the different areas of sustainable development.

58. We recognize the power of communications technologies, including connection technologies and innovative applications to promote knowledge exchange, technical cooperation [, transfer of technology –G77; Mexico, EU, RoK suggest move to para 65] and capacity building for sustainable development. These technologies and applications build capacity, enable the sharing of experiences and knowledge in the different areas of sustainable development, [foster transparency and accountability [by governments – Norway delete], - G77 delete; EU, US retain] and encourage and stimulate broader participation from a variety of stakeholders in producing and utilizing [inter alia – Norway], the [open, accurate and credible – G77 delete; EU retain] data required for sound, scientifically-based policies.

59. We [encourage/urge – Switzerland] all countries to design and implement policies related to a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. [We support the creation of a capacity development scheme involving UN agencies, multilateral and bilateral donors and the private sector to provide country specific advice, in accordance with national circumstances and priorities, and assist developing countries in accessing available funds and technologies. – US reserve] We support utilizing international platforms and partnerships that enable interested countries and major groups to share policy options and best practices, provide country-specific advice, and assist developing countries, upon request, in accessing available funds and technologies. In this regard, we acknowledge [the ongoing efforts to create and launch platforms /the importance of having a single capacity development scheme which cooperates with already existing and newly created knowledge-sharing platforms, –Switzerland][ such as the Green Growth Knowledge Platform – G77 delete] [among UNEP, World Bank, OECD and GGGI –RoK], and we encourage [other –RoK] relevant institutions, the UN system and stakeholders to join in this effort on a voluntary basis. We further acknowledge that [the capacity development scheme and – US reserve] these platforms should take fully into account the priority needs of developing countries, be demand-driven and accountable, voluntary, established on mutually agreed terms, respect national differences and priorities, and include:

a) toolboxes of good practices in applying green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication at all levels;

b) [sets of – New Zealand delete] models or good examples of inclusive green economy strategies;

c) voluntary mechanisms to promote development of, and access to, shared databases under mutually agreed terms, that countries, civil society and the private sector can use to assess and evaluate progress;

d) [sets of - – New Zealand delete] methodologies for policy evaluation [and of /including as appropriate – New Zealand] relevant indicators [to measure progress – New Zealand delete]; and

e) directories to facilitate access to technical assistance, training, finance, technology and capacity building for countries that request assistance.

Note: G77 reserves on entire para 59.

60. We invite all countries to consult in their national decision-making processes with [[civil society, including – EU] relevant major groups - G77 delete], as appropriate, on matters related to [a – G77 delete; RoK retain] green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication.

Note: G77 would like to consider the para. in section IV

EU, Canada and RoK support Chair’s text of para. 58, 59, 60

61. We underscore the importance of governments taking a leadership role in developing policies and strategies through an inclusive and transparent process. We also take note of the efforts of those countries, including developing countries, that have already initiated processes to prepare national green economy strategies and policies in support of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

62. We invite [all/developed – G77; US, RoK delete] countries and other relevant stakeholders, including the UN Regional Commissions, UN organizations and bodies, other relevant intergovernmental and regional organizations, International Financial Institutions and major groups involved in sustainable development, according to their respective mandates, [to work together – G77 delete; US clarify] [to support developing countries – US delete], upon request in the development of [strategies and – G77 delete; US clarify][green economy – G77] policies [to achieve a green economy – G77 delete] in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in particular in the Least Developed Countries. [We welcome regional and cross-regional initiatives for sustainable development, such as Green Bridge Partnership which is voluntary and open for participation of all partners. – Kazakhstan, RoK, EU; US, Japan, Norway, G77 reserve] EU, RoK support original text. (RoK moves this para to section 3)

(G77, US move to other section; Kazakhstan wish to retain para but flexible on placement in Section III)

63. We [also – EU] invite business and industry [as appropriate and in accordance with national legislations to contribute to sustainable development policies. – G77] [of any size – EU; G77, Japan delete] [to act in accordance with the Global Compact principles of corporate social responsibility – Norway, Australia, Switzerland] to [develop sustainability strategies that integrate – EU] [[consult with relevant stakeholders in a transparent manner to take a – EU delete] green economy [approach/policies – EU][to achieving results – EU delete] including greening their supply chains[and promoting social innovation – EU][in achieving the goals of their sustainability strategies – EU delete]. [In this regard, we encourage business and industry to act in accordance with corporate and social responsibility principles as well as other principles, including on human rights, as set forth by the UN Global Compact. We acknowledge the role of microenterprises in contributing to social inclusion and poverty reduction in particular in developing countries. – EU] – G77 delete]

63 alt We acknowledge the role of cooperatives and microenterprises in contributing to social inclusion and poverty reduction in particular in developing countries. We invite business and industry to act in accordance with national legislation and bearing in mind corporate social responsibility [, [such as/ as reflected in – Australia/ including but not limited to - Kazakhstan] the UN Global Compact [principles - RoK], in [green economy policies and – Norway delete] business practices throughout their supply chains – G77 delete].

[64. We encourage existing and new partnerships, including public-private partnerships, to mobilize [significant – US, EU delete] [public – G77] financing [complemented by the private sector – G77] [from the private sector, complementing public financing – G77 delete] [, taking into account the interests of local and indigenous communities when appropriate – Mexico, RoK, Japan, EU]. In this regard, governments should support initiatives for [sustainable development including – G77] promoting the contribution of the private sector [to support the transition to a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication.– Switzerland, EU, Japan; G77 delete]– EU, RoK, Kazakhstan, Japan, Norway retain]

65. We recognize the critical role of technology as well as the importance of promoting innovation [[in particular/ also – Switzerland] in developing countries – G77; EU reserve]. We invite governments, as appropriate, to create enabling frameworks that foster environmentally sound technology, R&D and innovation [to support green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication – G77 delete; RoK, EU, Switzerland retain pending clean-up of text]. [In this regard, we acknowledge the importance of international sustainability standards, predictable regulation and sustainable procurement. – EU; G77 delete; US, Japan, Mexico, RoK reserve] – Japan supports Chair’s text

65 bis [We emphasize the importance of technology transfer to developing countries. – Japan, G77; EU, US reserve] We reaffirm the objective to promote, facilitate, and finance as appropriate, the access to and the transfer of environmentally sound technologies and corresponding know-how, in particular to developing countries, on favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms [, as mutually agreed, taking into account the need to protect the IPRs as well as the special needs of developing countries for implementation – EU, Japan, Australia; G77 reserve]. RoK, Mexico supports entire para – US, Switzerland, EU reserve entire para]

66. We recognise that the efforts of developing countries that choose to implement green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication [should be supported [through the provision of/by adequate – EU] means of implementation, including financial, technical and technological assistance, such as the [voluntary – US] transfer of environmentally-sound technology [as mutually agreed– G77 delete] [terms and conditions – US], as well as capacity building – US delete]. - Australia move para. to MOI

67. We recognise the importance of [gathering all – G77, RoK, EU delete] [quality and - EU] relevant [economic, social and environmental – G77, RoK, Kazakhstan delete] information and data [for sustainable development and poverty eradication – G77][and of making the information available to [the public and – G77 delete] policy makers for the achievement of green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication.- G77 delete; Kazakhstan, RoK retain] In this regard, [financial – G77] [support should be provided to/the national efforts by – EU] developing countries [to collect the data. – G77][[to enable them – EU delete] to assess their progress and enhance the effectiveness of their national policies and programs[should be supported – EU].- G77 delete]

IV. Institutional framework for sustainable development

A. Strengthening the three dimensions of sustainable development

68. We underscore the importance of a strengthened institutional framework for sustainable development which responds coherently and effectively to current and future challenges and efficiently bridges gaps in the implementation of the sustainable development agenda. The institutional framework for sustainable development should integrate the three dimensions of sustainable development in a balanced manner and enhance implementation by, inter alia, strengthening coherence, coordination, avoiding duplication of efforts and reviewing progress in implementing sustainable development. We also reaffirm that the framework should be inclusive, transparent and effective and that it should find common solutions related to global challenges to sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

69. We recognize that effective governance at local, sub-national, national, regional and global levels representing the voices and interests of all is critical for advancing sustainable development. The strengthening and reform of the institutional framework should not be an end in itself, but a means to achieve sustainable development. We recognize that an improved and more effective institutional framework for sustainable development at the international level should [be consistent with Rio Principles in particular common but differentiated responsibilities, – G77] build on Agenda 21, and JPOI and its objectives on the institutional framework for sustainable development, and contribute to the implementation of our commitments in outcomes of UN conferences and summits in economic, social, environmental and related fields and take into account national priorities and the development strategies and priorities of developing countries. We therefore resolve to strengthen the institutional framework for sustainable development, which will, inter alia:

Note: EU, US, Switzerland support Chair’s chapeau text

(a) Promote the balanced integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development.[Agreed ad ref]

(b) Be based on an action- and result-oriented approach giving due regard to all relevant cross-cutting issues with the aim to contribute to the implementation of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

(c) Underscore the importance of interlinkages among key issues and challenges and the need for a systematic approach to them at all relevant levels.[Agreed ad ref]

(d) [Emphasize the importance of – G77 delete][b/Broaden[ing – G77 delete and strengthen[ing – G77 delete] the participation of all countries [including/in particular – G77 ] developing countries in decision-making [and increase the voice and full and effective participation of developing countries – G77] [processes. – US][of the UN System and [the governance structures of – EU delete; G77 retain] the IFIs and [financial mechanisms of – EU delete; G77 retain]MEAs[based on a clear understanding and respect for the respective mandate and governance structures – EU]. – US delete]

(e) Engage high level political leaders, provide policy guidance, as well as identify specific actions to promote effective implementation of sustainable development, including through voluntary sharing of experiences and lessons learned.[Agreed ad ref]

(f) Strengthen the science-policy interface through inclusive, evidence-based and transparent scientific assessments, as well as access to reliable, relevant and timely data in areas related to the three dimensions of sustainable development, building on existing mechanisms, as appropriate; in this regard, strengthen participation of all countries in international sustainable development processes and capacity building especially for developing countries, including in conducting their own monitoring and assessments. [Agreed ad ref; G77 to revert]

(g) Enhance the participation, effective engagement of civil society and other relevant stakeholders [in implementation of Agenda 21 – G77] , [according with the rules of procedure of each organization – G77; US, EU delete] as appropriate, and in this regard promote transparency [and/as well as – G77] broad public participation [and partnerships – G77 delete; US, EU retain] to implement sustainable development[, including by granting civil society representatives an enhanced consultative status in order to secure effective consultative processes and better use of their expertise – EU; G77, US delete]. - US supports Chair’s text

(h) Enhance and strengthen the implementation of sustainable development as well as follow-up [monitoring – G77 delete; EU retain] and review progress made in the implementation of sustainable development commitments contained in Agenda 21, the JPOI, and other relevant outcomes of UN conferences and summits [including the commitments to provide financial resources and technology transfer on preferential terms and conditions to developing countries in particular LDCs contained therein. – G77][inter alia through a mechanism of periodic review – EU; G77 delete]; - US supports Chair’s text; G77 remove reference to Bali on condition that it will be discussed in another section of the text.

(i) Enhance coherence, reduce fragmentation and overlap and increase effectiveness, efficiency and transparency, while reinforcing coordination and cooperation. [Agreed ad ref – placement to be determined]

[(i)bis Enhance and strengthen monitoring and review of the implementation of all commitments related to SIDS including those contained in the BPOA, the MSI as well as the institutional arrangements within the UN system for supporting SIDS; the commitments related to Africa, in particular those contained in the Declaration on the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, and in the 2008 Political Declaration on Africa’s development needs; the Istanbul Program of Action for LDCs; the Almaty Programme of Action for LLDCS; as well as other commitments to developing countries contained in the UN Millennium Declaration, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development and the 2005 World Summit Outcome. – G77]

B. Strengthening intergovernmental arrangements for sustainable development

70. We acknowledge the vital importance of an inclusive, transparent, reformed and strengthened, and effective multilateral system in order to better address the urgent global challenges of sustainable development today, recognizing the universality and central role of the United Nations, and reaffirming our commitment to promote and strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the United Nations system.[Agreed ad ref]

71. We underscore the need to strengthen UN system-wide coherence and coordination, while ensuring appropriate accountability to Member States, by, inter alia, reinforcing cooperative efforts under existing inter-agency mechanisms and strategies to advance the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development within the United Nations system, including through exchange of information among its agencies, funds and programmes, and also with the international financial institutions and other relevant organizations such as the World Trade Organization, within their respective mandates.

72. We emphasize the need for an improved and more effective institutional framework for sustainable development that should: be guided by the specific functions required and mandates involved; address the shortcomings of the current system; take into account all relevant implications; promote synergies and coherence; seek to avoid duplication and eliminate unnecessary overlaps within the UN system; and, reduce administrative burdens, and build on existing arrangements. [Agreed ad ref]

General Assembly

73. We reaffirm the role and authority of the General Assembly on global matters of concern to the international community, as set out in the Charter. [Agreed ad ref]

74. We further reaffirm the central position of the General Assembly as the chief deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the United Nations. In this regard, we call for the General Assembly to further integrate sustainable development as a key element of the overarching framework for United Nations activities and adequately address sustainable development in its agenda setting, including through periodic high-level dialogues. [Agreed ad ref]

Economic and Social Council

75. We reaffirm that the Economic and Social Council is a principal body for policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on issues of economic and social development and for the follow-up to the Millennium Development Goals and a central mechanism for the coordination of the United Nations system and supervision of the Council’s subsidiary bodies, in particular its functional commissions, and for promoting the implementation of Agenda 21 by strengthening system-wide coherence and coordination. We also reaffirm the major role the Council plays in the overall coordination of funds, programmes and specialized agencies, ensuring coherence among them and avoiding duplication of mandates and activities. [Agreed ad ref]

[76. We further reaffirm the need to [continue strengthening of/ strengthen – Mexico] ECOSOC [, within its Charter mandate, - Mexico] as a principal [organ in the integrated and coordinated follow-up of /body of the United Nations in order to achieve a balanced integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development; ensure high level political leadership for sustainable development; coordinate the follow-up on – Mexico]the outcomes of all major UN Conferences and summits in the economic, social [, environmental – Mexico]and related fields, [and recognize its role for achieving a balanced integration and implementation of the three dimensions of sustainable development, within its mandate./prepare, review the implementation of the sustainable development agenda and ensure the effective involvement of civil society and other stakeholders. – Mexico] –Canada, Norway, Australia, Japan; Liechtenstein reserve]

We resolve that the General Assembly and ECOSOC should immediately begin a process that will maximize the United Nations’ main strengths to undertake the full implementation of the provisions of the Rio+20 Conference on Sustainable Development outcome document (to be replaced by the agreed name of the Outcome Document), with the results feeding into the annual Programmes of Work of the General Assembly and of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. We are convinced that this approach should take into account the paramount need for coherence, coordination and effectiveness of action in all spheres of follow-up. – Slovakia, Egypt, Indonesia, Mexico, Spain

Discussion on functions

Pre 77.

Note: Discussion on functions is without prejudice as to the final mechanism(s) or institutional form that will deliver the listed functions.

· High level inter-governmental [“ common space” - Mexico/ forum – G77 / body – EU; Russia reserve on terms ] with universal [participation – US, Mexico, EU /membership – G77, Russia, Norway, Switzerland].

· Provide political leadership and guidance,[ [make – Norway delete] recommendations – G77 revert] [and initiating responses – Switzerland] [, and / to – Australia] enhance the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development in a holistic and cross-sectoral manner at all levels, taking into account long-term [needs/perspectives – Norway, Switzerland flexible] [and emerging issues – EU]

· Provide a dynamic platform for [regular – G77, US delete / periodic - EU] high-level [ministerial – US, G77 delete / political – Norway, Switzerland, EU] dialogue, stocktaking, and agenda setting to advance SD; [which will meet on a regular basis, and from time to time as necessary – G77 revert; EU delete].

· Follow up [of the outcomes and commitments of the major UN conferences and summits including the internationally agreed goals, – Mexico; G77 delete] the implementation of the sustainable development commitments contained in Agenda 21, JPOI, [BPoA, MSI, - EU delete; G77 retain] the outcome of this Conference, and other relevant outcomes of major UN summits and conferences.

· [Review progress in the implementation of sustainable development commitments and ensure accountability and promote effective implementation, [and /inter alia, through – Norway] [ [strong periodic [peer – Norway; Australia delete] review mechanism – US delete; EU, Switzerland, Norway retain] to monitor progress in the implementation of SD commitments with a clear aspect of mutual accountability, involving not only Member States but all relevant actors, including a strong involvement of civil society – G77, Russian Federation delete; EU, Switzerland, Norway retain; RoK, Japan reserve]. – G77 reserve entire para]

· [Alt Review progress in the implementation of sustainable development commitments through a dynamic mechanism that allows Member States to share their experiences – including their successes, challenges, and lessons learned – on a voluntary basis, in order to enhance transparency about national development efforts. This country-driven mechanism will also encourage the involvement of all relevant stakeholders, including civil society. It will produce a periodic report of its findings to assist policy-makers at all levels. – Australia; G77 reserve]

· Promote the sharing of best practices and experiences relating to the implementation of sustainable development.

· Have a focused, dynamic and action-oriented agenda, ensuring the appropriate consideration of new and emerging sustainable development challenges.

· Encourage high-level system-wide participation of UN Agencies, funds and programmes, as well as other relevant multilateral financial and trade institutions, treaty bodies, as appropriate and in accordance with UN rules and provisions.

· [Improve system-wide coherence and coordination of SD policies. – G77, Mexico reserve]

· [Enhance the coordination [of operational activities – EU delete] and the mainstreaming of SD in the operational activities of the UN. – G77 reserve; Russia, Mexico delete; Canada, Switzerland, Norway, US retain]

· [[Secure enhanced / Provide for – Russia ]participation of, and promote partnerships among, Major Groups and other relevant stakeholders, including private sector and the scientific community, [including by granting civil society representatives enhanced consultative status in order to secure effective consultative processes and better use their expertise – RoK reserve; Russia delete].– G77 reserve; US, EU, Norway, Switzerland, Canada support] /

· [Alt Ensures the engagement of all relevant major groups such as the private sector, NGOs, and local and regional authorities, at all levels, and as appropriate, in accordance with decisions taken by ECOSOC on NGOs, civil society and private sector and building on Agenda 21, JPOI and other relevant UN summits and conferences while drawing from existing experiences in relevant UN bodies having involved members of civil society and stakeholders in a functional and constructive manner and make use of their expertise. – Mexico; Norway, EU, G77, US, Canada reserve; Russia reserve and prefer original language]

· [Strengthen the science-policy-interface through review of documentation bringing together dispersed information and assessments, [inter alia, through the production of a global sustainable development report – Norway, US, EU; Russia reserve] building on existing assessments, [and institutionalizing a direct, active dialogue between science and policy-making – Norway bracket, seek clarification]. - G77 delete]

· [Enhance evidence-based decision-making at all levels and track global progress in achieving SD; present in an integrated and fully accessible manner information on interlinked issues from existing economic, social and environmental assessments. Ensure policy relevance through appropriate instruments; andcontribute to strengtheningongoing efforts of capacity building for data collection and analysis in developing countries. – Mexico; G77 delete; Russia reserve]

Note: Following bullets to be considered together – EU

· [Utilizing / Building on – EU], as appropriate, the strengths [and experiences – Norway] of existing relevant structures or bodies, such [as CSD, DCF, AMR.] – G77 reserve on whole bullet]

Note: G77 to present language on CSD.

· Avoiding overlap with existing structures/bodies and entities.

· Build on the experience, resources,[ and time allocation – EU delete; G77 retain] of CSD [which would have to be terminated.- G77, Russia delete; EU, Norway, US retain]

· [Not create additional financial implications – Canada, Japan, US; G77 reserve]

· Contribute to monitoring and evaluate commitments related to MOI and facilitate provision of financial resources, capacity building and technology transfer to developing countries. – G77, Mexico; US delete

High level political forum

77. We decide to establish an intergovernmental high level political forum with universal membership, building on existing relevant structures or bodies including the Commission on Sustainable Development. The high level political forum shall follow up on the implementation of the sustainable development commitments contained in Agenda 21, JPOI, BPoA, MSI, the outcome of this Conference, and other relevant outcomes of major UN summits and conferences.*

78. The high level political forum shall provide political guidance and enhance the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development at all levels, promote system-wide participation and coordination, including of MEAs, UN Agencies funds and programmes, as well as other relevant multilateral financial and trade institutions, as appropriate and in accordance with their respective mandates. The high level forum shall review progress in the implementation of sustainable development commitments; promote the sharing of best practices and experiences relating to the implementation of sustainable development; promote more intensive participation of Major Groups and other relevant stakeholders; and strengthen the science-policy-interface. The high level forum shall have a focused, dynamic and action-oriented agenda, ensuring the appropriate consideration of new and emerging sustainable development challenges.*

79. We decide to launch a universal, intergovernmental and open-ended negotiation process under the General Assembly to define the high level forum’s form, level of participation, terms of reference, organizational aspects, and its relationship with the General Assembly and ECOSOC, with the aim of convening the first meeting of the high level forum during the 68th session of the General Assembly.*

Note: Canada would note that much of the mandate of the proposed high level political forum overlaps with the existing mandate of the CSD and the DCF, as well as of the proposed Sustainable Development Council. Whatever agreement on IFSD we reach, we should seek to avoid setting up duplicative structures with overlapping mandates and avoid creating new resource implications.

Note: The Co-Chairs have retained unchanged paragraphs 49 alt to 49 alt ter of the compilation text as at 4 May.

[Sustainable Development Council]

[[Sustainable Development Council – Japan, Mexico delete]

49 alt. We resolve to transform the CSD into a Sustainable Development Council that will serve as the authoritative, high-level body for consideration of matters relating to the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development

[49 alt. We resolve to [transform / replace – Norway] the CSD [into / by – Norway] a Sustainable Development Council that will [report directly to the General Assembly and – Norway] serve as the authoritative, high-level body [subsidiary to the General Assembly – Liechtenstein] for consideration of [matters relating to the integration of the three dimensions of – Liechtenstein delete] sustainable development [, while avoiding duplication of the tasks carried out by the ECOSOC. – Norway, Republic of Korea] [on a regular basis throughout the year – Liechtenstein.] [,ensuring the full involvement of relevant UN agencies and bodies as well as the IFIs, and endowed with, inter alia, a review mechanism of countries’ sustainable development performances-EU]– G77 bracket; Japan, Mexico delete]

49 alt. bis The work of the Council should be based on fundamental documents on sustainable development such as Agenda 21, the Rio principles and related outcomes. The Council should, inter alia, fully carry out the functions and mandates of the Commission for Sustainable Development. It would be guided by the need to promote integration of the three pillars of sustainable development, promote effective implementation at all levels and promote effective institutional coherence. It should help in enhancing the involvement of all stakeholders, particularly major groups, in the follow-up of Rio+20.

[49 alt. bis The work of the Council should be based on fundamental documents on sustainable development such as Agenda 21, the Rio principles [, the JPoI-EU] and related outcomes. [The Council should, inter alia, [fully carry out the functions and mandates of the Commission for Sustainable Development-EU delete] / address emerging issues and review progress on sustainable development – Norway]. [It would be guided by the need to promote integration of the three pillars of sustainable development, [address emerging issues and review sustainability progress, with meetings held on a regular basis throughout the year and – Switzerland] promote effective implementation at all levels and promote effective institutional coherence [basing its work on a strong science-policy interface. Building on and strengthening those CSD working methods worth preserving, it-EU, Serbia][, including building the stronger links between its program of work and the activities of the relevant regional bodies and national councils for sustainable development. – Montenegro, Serbia; RoK move to para 61] [within the UN system. The Council should address emerging issues and review sustainability progress and The Council would develop a peer review mechanism that would encourage states, in a constructive spirit, to explain their policies, to share experiences and lessons learned, and to fulfil their commitments. – Switzerland][It should aim at high-level political attendance from all three dimensions of sustainable development and be mandated to make decisions and assess progress according to national commitments. – Norway] It should [also – Switzerland][engage relevant international institutions and – Norway] help [in – Republic of Korea delete] [enhancing/ensuring – EU] the involvement of all stakeholders, particularly major groups, [by endowing civil society representatives an enhanced participation status – EU] in the follow-up of Rio+20. – G77 bracket; Japan, Mexico delete]

[49 alt bis alt. The work of the Council should be based on fundamental documents on sustainable development such as Agenda 21, the Rio principles and related outcomes. The Council should fully carry out the functions and mandates of the Commission for Sustainable Development. It would be guided by the need to promote integration of the three pillars of sustainable development, review implementation, progress, and policy development on sustainable development at all levels, and to further promote dialogue, partnerships, and meaningful participation of all stakeholders, in particular governments and major groups and international or regional forums and organizations dealing with matters of global concern. The Council should also be mandated to:

a) Support governments at all levels in moving towards a green economy and in developing and implementing their own sustainable development policies;

b) Address emerging issues, including developing policy recommendations and initiating responses;

d) Promote effective implementation of sustainable development, including through accountability and monitoring mechanisms such as a periodic review;

e) Prepare through joint effort with the heads of relevant international organizations, including relevant United Nations agencies, international financial institutions, the private sector and other relevant stakeholders, a regular global sustainable development outlook report that brings together information and assessments currently dispersed across institutions, and analyses them in an integrated way; - Liechtenstein]

[Pre 49 alt ter The work of the Council should not create institutional overlaps, but rather promote effective coordination and coherence within the UN system. – Liechtenstein]

[Pre 49 alt terbisA key task for the Council should be to ensure effective implementation, accountability and exchange of experiences through a periodic review of national performance. – Norway]

49 alt ter. We request the President of the General Assembly to conduct open, transparent and inclusive negotiations, with the aim of establishing the mandate, modalities, functions, size, composition, membership, working methods and procedures of the Council and report on the outcome before the end of the 67th session of the General Assembly.

[49 alt ter We request [the President of the General Assembly to conduct open, transparent and inclusive negotiations, with the aim of establishing the mandate, modalities, functions, size, composition, membership, working methods and procedures of the Council and report on the outcome / the Secretary-General to develop proposals to give effect to these reforms for consideration by the General Assembly –EU] before the end of the 67th session of the General Assembly. – G77 bracket; Japan, Mexico delete]

[80. We [agree to further consider/ commit to discuss- Liechtenstein] the establishment [or appointment- Liechtenstein delete] of [the position of - Liechtenstein] a High-level Representative for Sustainable Development and Future Generations[, possibly to be located within an existing office as the high-level voice called upon- Liechtenstein delete] to promote an integrated [and/, -Liechtenstein] coherent [and long-term – Liechtenstein] approach to sustainable development through continuous dialogue with policy-makers, the UN system and civil society.- US reserve; G77 delete]- EU, Mexico support Chair’s text; Switzerland supports Chair’s text, but needs further clarification.

C. [Environmental pillar/ UNEP- G77; US, EU, Liechtenstein retain]

81. We reaffirm the need to strengthen international environmental governance within the context of the institutional framework for sustainable development, in order to promote a balanced integration of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable developmentas well as coordination within the UN system.[Agreed ad ref]

[82. We are committed to strengthening the role of the United Nations Environment Programme that promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of sustainable development. We reaffirm resolution 2997 (XXVII) of 15 December 1972 which established UNEP [and sets out its mandate – Switzerland] and other relevant resolutions [and declarations- Switzerland] that reinforce its mandate, [as well as/ including- Switzerland] the 1997 Nairobi and 2000 Malmö Ministerial Declarations. In this regard, strengthening UNEP should have the following aims and objectives: - G77 revert; Turkey delete; Canada, Russian Federation reserve]-EU, US, Liechtenstein, Japan support Chair’s text

[We recognize that immediate measures to reform and strengthen international environmental governance are required in order to adequately respond to the immediate and emerging challenges of the implementation of sustainable development. - Mexico]

Note: Turkey, Canada proposed to deal with para. 82, 83alt 1 and alt 2 as a package. Canada, Russian Federation reserve position on all sub- paras.; Canada, RoK, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Japan support Chair’s text on sub-paras. Switzerland reserves on all amendments.

[to this effect we decide to – Norway]

(a) Establish universal membership [in the Governing Council – EU delete] of UNEP [, as well as other measures – G77 delete] to strengthen its governance and accountability to Member States [including establishing an executive board-Norway, US]; Ensure that UNEP is responsive to all MS by [establishing universal membership of the GC of UNEP in order to allow equal participation of all States in decision-making – G77] transforming/renaming its GC into an Environment Assembly in order to allow equal membership of all MS in its deliberations and decisions; to fulfil the functions and responsibilities defined in UNEP’s mandate and to lead and set the global environmental agenda and involve as appropriate stakeholders and civil society– Mexico] / [Ensure the full and equal participation of all MS in its deliberations and decision-making processes, recognizing that universal membership of its governing body will promote responsiveness and facilitate accountability to all MS – Australia] / [Establish universal membership in the governing body of UNEP, and establish an Executive Board – Norway] [And commit to increase the number of countries represented in its Bureau in order to reflect its universal character and in order to facilitate executive oversight and standing governing functions – Mexico]

(a) alt Establish universal membership in a transformed/renamed governing body of UNEP to enhance participation, as well as establish an executive board in order to enhance efficiency between sessions.

(b) [Serve/Continue serving –G77; Switzerland, RoK retain] as an authoritative advocate for the global environment[within the UN system- US, G77; Switzerland, Norway delete] [ and provide policy advice and guidance as well as early warning on the state of the global environment – EU, Switzerland; G77 reserve; US reserve for placement][, further advance [international – EU] environmental law – Norway, Switzerland; G77, US delete] [ and give the GC authority to lead and set the global policy agenda for environment [within its existing mandate – RoK, Switzerland, Norway delete]-G77; US delete][in the interest of present and future generations-Norway, Switzerland; G77, US reserve].

(c) Have secure, stable, [adequate / additional – G77; Canada, Japan, US retain; Norway reserve] and [predictable – US delete; Norway, Mexico, G77, Switzerland retain] financial [resources from the regular budget of the UN [and assessed – Switzerland] and voluntary –G77; Norway question placement; US reserve] [resources and [commit to /encourage an – Canada] increase [in – Canada] the proportion of the UN regular budget allocated to UNEP as well as the voluntary contributions to the Environment Fund in order to allow it to fulfil its mandate and programme of work – Mexico; Japan, Russia delete] contributions to fulfil its mandate; - EU, Canada,RoK support Chair’s text

(d) Have the authority to [bring oversight, guidance, coordination and coherence to the multitude of multilateral environmental agreements in order to – Switzerland; US, Mexico delete; Norway, Japan reserve and question placement]adequately fulfil its coordination mandate within the UN System[including through appropriate reporting and interagency cooperation arrangements-Norway; Russia reserve][in accordance with the decisions of its [GC and the overall guidance provided by the GA and ECOSOC – Russia; G77 flexible] Member States [represented in its GC – Mexico] and including the policies formulated by the General Assembly and ECOSOC [and in this connection decides to entrust to the Environment Management Group the task of developing a system-wide UN environment strategy that takes into account, inter alia, capacity building and technology transfer needs in developing countries, and further tasks the UN Development Group with the coordinating function of the implementation of the environmental activities of the UN system at the country level – Mexico; Russia, G77, Switzerland reserve; Canada, US, Norway favourable but need to work on language] -G77, Russia]; - EU, US support Chair’s text;.

(e) [Undertake / Facilitate- US] efforts [, led by the respective conferences of the parties- US] to enhance synergies[and improve efficiency of –EU, G77, US][among-EU delete] multilateral environmental agreements[, where feasible and appropriate-EU delete; G77, US, Canada retain] [and respecting the legal autonomy and mandates of MEAs-G77, Canada];

(f) [Promote the/ Build a strong –EU, Norway] science-policy interface, [building / based – EU, Norway] on existing international instruments, assessments, panels and information networks[, including the Global Environmental Outlook – Australia, Norway] [in accordance with its mandates-G77];

(g) Disseminate [science-based – Russia, Norway; G77 reserve] [and share – EU] environmental information [and knowledge worldwide – EU] and raise awareness [and mobilize public opinion – Russia reserve]– EU] on critical [as well as emerging – Norway; G77 flexible]environmental issues; - EU, US support Chair’s text

(h) Provide [in coordination with the UN system – Mexico, Norway]; [specific- EU] [support for [country-driven- Switzerland delete] processes [of implementation – EU], including through –G77;] capacity building, technical assistanceand [facilitation of access to/transfer of – G77] technology [ for developing countries -G77 ] [on mutually agreed terms. – Switzerland; G77, Mexico delete] [and by promoting – Australia] the full implementation of the Bali Strategic Plan for Technology Support and Capacity Building – G77;

(i) Be based in Nairobi and [strengthen its regional offices – G77, Norway reserves]/[[have a strengthened regional presence- G77 delete] in order to – EU bracket] assist improved implementation [of the environmental pillar of sustainable development –G77] at the national level,[ upon request –G77][ working closely with other relevant [entities – Switzerland retain / organizations- G77] of the UN system [and other entities such as the IFIs, regional organizations, Major Groups, other stakeholders and the civil society at large - Switzerland/ where it will operate as part of UN resident coordinator system within the UN country team and in alignment with national development plans and strategies – EU; G77 delete] .

[(i)alt Ensure UNEP’s strategic engagement by, inter alia, strengthening UNEP’s programmatic, administrative and governing presence in Nairobi; strengthening its regional and subregional offices, allowing them to support national implementation needs through coordinated efforts with all UN country teams;enhancing the EMG capacities and transferring its location to UN headquarters and addressing as appropriate its linkages with the UN development system. - Mexico – Switzerland questions placement]

[(i)bis Ensure the full association of all relevant stakeholders and endowing them with an enhanced participation status drawing from the longstanding and more recent examples of existing specialized agencies and multilateral environmental agreements. –EU]

[83 alt 1. We invite the General Assembly to strengthen UNEP by giving effect to the above measures, by the end of the 67^th session. – Turkey delete; US, Japan support]

[83 alt 2. We resolve to establish a UN specialized agency for the environment, operating on an equal footing with other UN specialized agencies. In this regard, we decide to establish an Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee to prepare the statute for such a specialized agency, for consideration by the General Assembly before the end of its 67^th session.- Canada, Russian Federation, US, Japan delete; EU, Liechtenstein, RoK support]

[83 alt We invite the General Assembly to give effect to the above measures by the end of the 67^th session. –G77; EU delete]

[83 bis We recognize that the above provisions should not lead to turning UNEP into an environmental inspection body [, / or – US] compliance mechanism [for developing countries and standard setting institution that introduce conditionalities, trade barriers or additional financial burden for developing countries – US delete]. –G77; EU revert]

84. We recognize the significant contributions to sustainable development made by the multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs). We [acknowledge / take note of – G77] the work already undertaken to enhance synergies among the three Conventions in the chemicals and waste cluster (the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions).[We encourage parties to MEAs to consider further measures, in these and other clusters, as appropriate, to promote policy coherence at all relevant levels, improve efficiency, reduce unnecessary overlap and duplication, and enhance coordination and cooperation among MEAs, including the three Rio Conventions as well as with the UN system in the field.- G77 delete] – EU, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland support Chair’s text

85. We stress the need for the continuation of a regular review of the state of the Earth[’s ecosystems – Switzerland][’s changing environment and its impact on human well-being- Norway] [and its carrying capacities – EU] and in this regard, we [welcome such initiatives as/resolve to continue supporting and improving – Switzerland] the Global Environmental Outlook process aimed at bringing together [environmental – US] information and assessments [and building national and regional capacity - US] to support informed decision making.

[85 alt We take note of the Global Environmental Outlook as one of the processes aimed at bringing together [environmental - US] information and assessment [and building national and regional capacity –US] to support informed decision-making. – G77]

D. IFIs and UN operational activities

86. We recognize that sustainable development should be given due consideration by the [programmes, funds and specialized agencies of the UN system and other relevant entities such as – G77] IFIs, and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and other relevant entities, in accordance with their respective existing mandates. In this regard, we invite them to further enhance mainstreaming of sustainable development in their respective mandates, programs, strategies and decision-making processes, in support of all countries in particular developing countries’ efforts in the achievement of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

87. We reaffirm the need to continue to broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in international economic decision-making and norm-setting, take note of recent important decisions on reform of the governance structures, quotas and voting rights of the Bretton Woods institutions, better reflecting [current realities and enhancing the voice and participation of developing countries, and reaffirms the need to continue the reform of the governance of those institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions./ the changes in the world economy through greater representation of dynamic emerging markets and developing countries in order to strengthen the legitimacy, credibility and effectiveness of the Bretton Woods institutions. – Japan] – G77 supports Chair’s text

[87 alt We reaffirm the importance of recent decisions on reform of the governing structures, quotas and voting rights in international economic decision making and norm setting, particularly in the case of the Bretton Woods institutions, to broaden and strengthen the participation of developing countries in the governance of those institutions. –US]

88. We call for the further mainstreaming of the three dimensions of sustainable development throughout the UN System, and request the Secretary-General to report to the GA through ECOSOC on the progress made in this regard. We also call for and recognize the importance of the strengthening of policy coordination within key UN Secretariat structures so as to ensure system-wide coherence in support of sustainable development, while ensuring accountability to Member States. [Agreed ad ref]

89. We [call / invite – US] on the governing bodies of the funds, programmes and specialized agencies of the UN development system to consider appropriate measures for integrating the social, economic and environmental dimensions across the UN System’s operational activities. We also emphasize that [increasing the financial contributions to / effective management of resources within - US] the United Nations development system [in particular core resources, because of their untied nature –G77, Mexico; US delete] is [key / an important means – US] to achieving the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals, and in this regard we recognize the mutually reinforcing links among increased effectiveness, efficiency and coherence of the United Nations development system,achieving concrete results in assisting developing countries in eradicating poverty and achieving sustained economic growth and sustainable development. [In this context, we note the importance of the quadrennial comprehensive policy review (QCPR).-G77, Canada, US delete; Russian Federation retain] – EU, Mexico, US support Chair’s text

[89 bis We commit to ensure that the UN operational activities are able to cater for the adequate integration of the three pillars of sustainable development in order to help developing countries develop capacities in support of their national priorities. –Mexico; Russian Federation revert; US reserve]

90. We emphasise the need to strengthen operational activities for development of the UN system in the field that are well aligned with national sustainable development priorities of developing countries. In this regard, we emphasize that the [fundamental principles – NZ clarify] of UN operational activities set forth in the relevant UNGA resolutions provide the overarching framework for all matters pertaining to the UN development assistance operations in the field. We recognize the importance of strengthening UN system coordination, [and in this regard welcome the independent evaluation of the “Delivering as One” initiative.- G77, Russian Federation delete; Canada retain][We note the importance of the quadrennial comprehensive policy review (QCPR). – EU, Canada, US; G77 delete]-Mexico, US support Chair’s text

91. We call on the UN system to set an example of sustainability management in its facilities and operations, [within the existing legislative frameworks and with the view to achieve operational cost reductions, while ensuring full accountability to the respective intergovernmental bodies. – Russian Federation ] [building on existing efforts and within existing [resources/ financial rules and regulations-G77].- Russian Federation delete] – EU, NZ, USsupport Chair’s text

E. Regional, national, sub-national, local [Agreed ad ref]

92. We acknowledge the importance of the regional dimension of sustainable development. Regional frameworks can complement and facilitate effective translation of [global policies / outcomes of the UN major summits in the social, environmental and economic fields –G77] into concrete action at national level. [Agreed ad ref]

(EU supports paras 95 to 97; G77 supports para 95; US supports paras 93 to 95; )

93. We encourage regional, national, sub-national and local authorities as appropriate to develop and utilize sustainable development strategies as key instruments for guiding decision-making and implementation of sustainable development at all levels. [We recognize that integrated social, economic, and environmental data and information is important to decision-making processes and should be based on effective national [and regional –EU] monitoring and assessment capacity at the appropriate levels. –G77 delete and move to new para 93 bis]

[93 bis We recognize that integrated social, economic, and environmental data and information is important to decision-making processes. – G77]

[93 ter We encourage action at the national, sub-national, regional and local levels to promote access to information, public participation, and access to justice in environmental matters, as appropriate. We recognise that enhancing transparency, public participation in decision making, accountability, equal administration of justice, legal empowerment, and institutional arrangements for effective implementation and enforcement are critical to promoting the rule of law and establishing a sound foundation for sustainable development. –US]

94. We emphasize that regional and sub-regional organizations, including the UN regional commissions and their sub-regional offices, have a significant role to play in promoting a balanced integration of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development in their respective regions. We underscore the need to support these institutions, including through the UN system, in the effective operationalization and implementation of sustainable development, and to facilitate institutional coherence and harmonization of relevant development policies, plans and programmes. In this regard, we urge these institutions to prioritize sustainable development through, inter alia, more efficient and effective capacity building, development and implementation of regional agreements and arrangements as appropriate, and exchange of information, best practices, and lessons learnt. We also welcome regional and cross-regional initiatives for sustainable development. We furthermore recognize the need to ensure effective linkage among global, regional, sub-regional and national processes to advance sustainable development. We encourage the enhancement of the UN regional commissions and their sub-regional offices in their respective capacities to support member states in implementing sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]

95. We underline the need for more coherent and integrated planning and decision-making at the national, sub-national and local levels as appropriate and, to this end, we call on countries to strengthen national, sub-national and/or local institutions or relevant multi-stakeholder bodies and processes, as appropriate, dealing with sustainable development, including to coordinate on matters of sustainable development and to enable effective integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development.[Agreed ad ref]

[96. We welcome regional and cross-regional initiatives for sustainable development, such as the Green Bridge Partnership which is voluntary and open for participation of all partners.(G77, US move to other Section; RoK supports and proposes move to Section III; Kazakhstan wish to retain para but flexible on placement in Section III)– US bracket]

97. We underscore the need to ensure long-term political commitment to sustainable development taking into account national circumstances and priorities [and, in this regard, we encourage all countries to undertake the necessary actions to enact effective legislation that enables sustainable development –G77, US delete; EU, Switzerland, RoK, Norway retain].

(G77 reintroduce para on mechanism for technology transfer and discuss placement) Mexico will also introduce language on technology transfer

[97 bis We resolve to establish an International Mechanism under the GA in order to promote, implement and monitor concrete actions, supported by stable, adequate and predictable financial contributions and focused on bridging the technological gap between developed and developing countries and facilitating transfer of technology in sustainable development and strengthen national capacities in developing countries on scientific understanding and technology evaluation. – G77]

V. Framework for action and follow-up

A. Thematic areas and cross-sectoral issues

-EU proposes reordering of sub-sections; move climate 4 to follow chapeau 1

-G77 proposes reordering sub-sections to follow sequence of Agenda 21

Chapeau 1. We recognize that in order to achieve the objective of the Conference, namely to secure renewed political commitment for sustainable development, as well as to address the themes of a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication and the institutional framework for sustainable development, we [need / commit –G77] to [overcome remaining gaps in the implementation of the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development and –US delete; EU retain] seize new opportunities. We therefore resolve to focus on achieving progress [in the implementation of global commitments and –US delete; EU retain] to address new and emerging challenges through the actions enumerated below in this framework for action [, in accordance with the Rio principles and supported [as appropriate – G77 delete] through provision of means of implementation. We recognize that goals, targets and indicators, including where appropriate gender-sensitive indicators, are valuable in measuring and accelerating progress -US delete; EU retain]. [We further note that progress with implementation of the actions stipulated below can be enhanced by voluntarily sharing information, knowledge and experience. –RoK delete] –Canada, EU, Japan, Norway supports

Poverty eradication

-G77 proposes merging and streamlining poverty 1, 2, and 3

Poverty 1. We recognize that, three years from the 2015 target date of the MDGs, while there has been progress in reducing poverty in some regions, this progress has been uneven and the number of people living in poverty in some countries continues to increase, with women and children constituting the majority of the most affected groups, especially in the least developed countries and particularly in Africa.

Poverty 2. We recognize that sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth in developing countries is a key requirement for eradicating poverty and hunger and achieving the MDGs. In this regard, we emphasize that national efforts of developing countries should be complemented by an enabling environment aimed at expanding [the – US delete; Holy See retain] development opportunities [especially – Holy See] [of developing countries US delete; Holy See retain]. We also emphasize the need to accord the highest priority to poverty eradication within the United Nations development agenda, addressing the root causes and challenges of poverty through integrated, coordinated and coherent strategies at all levels.

Poverty 3. We recognize that promoting [universal –US delete] access to social services can make an important contribution to consolidating and achieving development gains. Social protection systems that address and reduce inequality and social exclusion are essential for eradicating poverty and advancing the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. In this regard, we strongly encourage initiatives [at all levels – US delete] aimed at [providing / enhancing –US] social protection for [all –US delete] people [and support ongoing international efforts, including the International Labour Conference’s recommendation on social protection floors –EU].

[Food and nutrition security and sustainable agriculture / Sustainable agriculture, food security, and nutrition]

Proposal by the Facilitator

Food 1. We reaffirm our commitments regarding access to safe, sufficient and nutritious food, consistent with the progressive realization of the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger. We acknowledge that food security has become a pressing global challenge and, in this regard, we further reaffirm our commitment to promoting global food security and access to adequate, safe and nutritious food for present and future generations, including, as appropriate, through national food and nutrition security strategies.

Food 2. We recognize that a majority of the world’s poor live in rural areas, and that rural communities play an important role in the economic development of many countries. We emphasize the need to revitalize the agricultural and rural development sectors, notably in developing countries, in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable manner. We therefore commit, by 2020, to better address the needs of rural communities through, inter alia, promoting increased access by agricultural producers, in particular small producers, women, indigenous peoples and [those living in vulnerable situations / other vulnerable groups], to credit and other financial services, markets, secure land tenure, education and training, health care, social services, and affordable technologies including for efficient irrigation, reuse of treated waste water, water harvesting and storage. We reiterate the importance of empowering rural women as critical agents for enhancing agricultural and rural development and [food and nutrition security / food security and nutrition]. We also recognize the importance of traditional agricultural practices, including seed supply systems, for many indigenous peoples and local communities.

Food 3. We resolve by [2020 / 2030] to sustainably increase agricultural production and productivity, including through improving the function of markets and international support mechanisms, particularly for the developing countries, with a view to increasing public and private investment in agriculture and rural development. Key areas for investment and support include: sustainable agricultural practices; rural infrastructure, storage capacities and related technologies to significantly reduce post-harvest and other food losses and waste throughout the food cycle; research and development on sustainable agricultural technologies; developing strong agricultural cooperatives and value chains; and strengthening urban-rural linkages.

Food 4. We reaffirm the necessity [to promote / of a transition to] sustainable agriculture, including crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, that enhances food security, eradicates hunger, and is economically viable, while [contributing to positive externalities including conserving / conserving] land, water, plant and animal genetic resources, biodiversity and [ecosystem services / ecosystems], and enhancing resilience to climate change and natural disasters. We also recognize the need to maintain natural ecological processes that support food production systems.

Food 5. We stress the need to enhance sustainable livestock production systems, including through improving pasture land and irrigation schemes in line with national policies, legislation, rules and regulations, enhanced sustainable water management systems, and efforts to eradicate and prevent the spread of animal diseases, recognizing that the livelihoods of farmers including pastoralists and the health of livestock are intertwined.

Food 6. We also stress the crucial role of healthy marine ecosystems, sustainable fisheries, and sustainable aquaculture for food security and nutrition, and in providing for the livelihoods of millions of people. [agreed ad ref]

Food 7. We underline the instrumental role of agricultural extension services and education to improving agricultural productivity and sustainability through the sharing knowledge and good practices. We support initiatives that improve access to information, technical knowledge and know-how, including through new information and communication technologies, and that empower farmers, fishers and foresters to choose among diverse methods of achieving sustainable agricultural production.

Food 8. We support reinforcing the work of the Committee on Food Security (CFS), in particular through its role in developing assessments on sustainable food production and food security, and we call on countries to give due consideration to implementing the CFS Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security and to pursuing responsible agricultural investments, including as appropriate by supporting pilot use of the Principles for Responsible Agricultural Investment (PRAI).

Food 9. We stress the need to address the root causes of excessive food price volatility, including its structural causes, at all levels, and the need to manage the risks linked to high and excessively volatile prices in agriculture commodities and their consequences for global food security and nutrition, as well as for smallholder farmers and poor urban dwellers.

Food 10. We reaffirm that a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system promotes agriculture and rural development in particular in developing countries and contribute to world food security. We encourage Member States and members of the World Trade Organization to take measures including, inter alia, elimination of barriers and policies that distort production and trade and lead to negative environmental outcomes, to promote trade policies that would enhance trade in agriculture products as a contribution to sustainable agriculture and food security. We note that obstacles to trade can have a serious impact on the world’s poor and that expanding trade opportunities can contribute to supporting small-scale and marginalized producers in developing countries.

Water [and sanitation]

Water 1. We recognize that water is at the core of sustainable development as it is closely linked to a number of key global challenges. We therefore reiterate the importance of integrating water in sustainable development and underline the critical importance of water and sanitation within the three dimensions of sustainable development. [agreed ad ref]

Water 2. We reaffirm the commitments made in the JPOI and Millennium Declaration regarding halving by 2015 the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation and the development of IWRM and water efficiency plans, ensuring sustainable water use. [In this regard we commit to intensify our efforts to fulfill these commitments with international support to developing countries through the provision of [predictable financial resources/ mobilization of resources] [from all sources] capacity building and technology transfer – ongoing discussion]. We [commit to the / stress the need for] [progressive] realization [by 2030] of access to safe [, clean] and affordable water and basic sanitation for all, as necessary for poverty eradication and to protect human health, [and by that date to significantly improve the implementation of IWRM [at all levels as appropriate].]

New Water 3 . [We [reaffirm / recognize] our commitments regarding the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation as essential for the full enjoyment of life] [mindful of that this dose not encompass transboundary water issues, including bulk water trade, nor any mandatory allocation of international development assistance ].] We also highlight our commitment to the 2005-2015 International Decade for Action “Water for Life.” (from Water 1) Note to the co-chairs: placement to be decided

The following new streamlined text has been provided by the facilitator to the contact group, but not yet been discussed:

Water 4. [We recognize the key role that ecosystems, especially wetlands, mountains and forests, play in maintaining fresh water quantity and quality, and therefore, support efforts to protect and sustainably manage and restore these ecosystems.] (from Water 3.bis )

[Water 5. We recognize the importance of establishing, maintaining and upgrading of water infrastructure, with a view to addressing water scarcity, managing floods, draughts and providing basic services, through inter alia water storage and supply, irrigation, energy production, navigation, disaster prevention and preparedness, in ways that are economically sound, environmentally sustainable and socially equitable.] (from Water 2bis.)

[Water 6. We [commit / recognize the need] to adopt measures, in accordance with national legislation and planning frameworks, to improve water quality, significantly reduce water pollution from domestic, industrial and agricultural sources, and to protect water related ecosystems, [with the aim to reduce water born diseases, eradicate poverty and promote environmental protection]. We commit to significantly improve wastewater treatment and to promote the sustainable use of treated wastewater as a resource and where appropriate other non-conventional water resources, such as desalinated water. We commit [by 2030] to significantly improve water use efficiency and reduce water losses, particularly in buildings, supply systems, agricultural and industrial processes and energy production, through indicators and water efficiency plans, addressing both supply and demand [with the aim of significantly decreasing the percentage of river basins that are water-stressed]. ] (from Water 4).

[Water 7. We recognize the importance of enhanced cooperation on integrated water resources management at basin level within each country, at the international level as well as, where appropriate, among riparian States through relevant arrangements and/or mechanisms with the consent of the States concerned, taking into account the interests of the riparian States, to promote and encourage coordinated, equitable, reasonable and optimal water utilization to meet economic, social and environmental demands equitably] (alternative to Water 5.)

[Sustainable –EU, Norway; Belarus delete] Energy

[Canada, Switzerland, RoK, Kazakhstan, Australia, Japan, EU, Russian Federation, Belarus support Chair’s texts in this sub-section]

Energy 1. We recognize the critical role that energy plays in the development process, as access to sustainable modern energy services contributes to poverty eradication, saves lives, improves health and helps provide basic human needs. We stress that these services are essential to social inclusion and gender equality, and that energy is also a key input to production. We [commit to facilitate and –G77, Belarus] support [efforts to [allow / facilitate – US] / enhancing – G77, Belarus] access to these services by 1.4 billion people worldwide who are currently without these services. We recognize that access to these services is [a prerequisite / critical –US] for [achieving / helping to achieve – US] sustainable development. [We underline the strong interdependence between energy, water and food security –EU, Belarus]

Energy 2. We emphasize the need to address the challenge of access to and affordability of sustainable modern energy services for all, in particular for the poor who are unable to afford these services even when they are available. We emphasize the need to take further action to improve this situation, [including by mobilizing adequate financial resources, to provide these services in a reliable, affordable, economically viable, and socially and environmentally acceptable manner in developing countries – US delete, take it up in Section VI]. [In order to promote equitable opportunities for both developing and developed countries, we encourage the elaboration of a plan of action, based on long term projections, taking into account the available ecological resources. – Kazakhstan; US delete]

Energy 3. We reaffirm [support for the implementation of / the aspiration goal of implementing – US] national and sub-national policies and [low emission development –EU, Belarus] strategies, based on individual national circumstances and development aspirations, using an appropriate energy mix to meet developmental needs, including through increased use of renewable energy sources [including hydropower –Turkey; Iceland delete] and other [safe and sustainable –EU; Belarus delete] low-emission technologies, the more efficient use of energy, greater reliance on [advanced / sustainable –Norway] energy technologies, [including cleaner fossil fuel technologies, and the sustainable use of traditional energy resources – New Zealand, EU delete; Canada, G77, Norway, Russian Federation, Belarus retain]. We commit to promoting sustainable modern energy services for all through national and sub-national efforts, inter alia, on electrification and dissemination of sustainable cooking and heating solutions, including through collaborative actions to share best practices and adopt policies, as appropriate. We urge governments to create enabling environments that facilitate public and private sector [partnership and – Kazakhstan, Belarus] investment in relevant and needed cleaner energy technologies.

Energy 4. [We recognize the importance of improving energy efficiency and increasing the share of renewable energy. -EU] We also recognize the importance of cleaner and energy-efficient technologies in addressing climate change [and in achieving the objective of limiting the [increase in –EU] global average temperature [increase / below 2 degree Celsius above pre-industrial levels –EU, Norway; US delete] [taking into account the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and [historical responsibilities / and respective capabilities –Canada] -G77; US delete] - Russian Federation delete]. We also recognize the need for energy efficiency measures in urban planning, buildings, and transportation, and in the production of goods and services and in the design of products. We also recognize the importance of promoting incentives in favour of, and removing disincentives to, energy efficiency and the diversification of the energy mix, including promoting [technology –US delete] research and development in [all countries, including –EU, Belarus] developing countries.

Energy 5. We [note / support –RoK / welcome -EU] [with appreciation –EU delete] the Secretary General’s “Sustainable Energy for All” initiative and its aspirational goals of ensuring universal access to modern energy services by 2030; doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency by 2030; and doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix by 2030. We recognize [the importance of the mobilization and timely delivery of domestic and international financial resources / that resources will be necessary – US] to achieve these results [, particularly through enabling environments that unlock private sector investments -US]. We encourage voluntary follow-up efforts to coordinate and to catalyse public-private partnerships and to track progress towards its three goals and, in this regard, we encourage States and relevant stakeholders, including the private sector, to conduct, as appropriate, collaborative international research and capacity development [based on a roadmap to be developed through a multilateral process, involving all stakeholders - Kazakhstan]. [G77 delete entire paragraph; Norway retain]

Energy 6. We [recognize / stress - New Zealand; Russian Federation delete / call for –EU; Russian Federation delete] [the need – EU delete; New Zealand retain] [for -New Zealand] [to consider, as appropriate, - Switzerland, New Zealand, EU delete; Canada, Russian Federation retain] [reforms –New Zealand / measures - Russian Federation] that [would – Switzerland, New Zealand] lead[s – Switzerland, New Zealand] to the rationalisation and phasing out over the medium term of environmentally or economically harmful [fossil fuel –US] [energy - New Zealand, Australia, Russian Federation] subsidies[, including [energy subsidies such as for - New Zealand, Australia delete] [inefficient - Australia] fossil fuels [subsidies - New Zealand, Australia], that inhibit sustainable development, - US, Russian Federation delete] [taking fully into account the specific conditions and different levels of development of individual countries, and – Switzerland, New Zealand delete] in a manner that [takes into account specific conditions, - Switzerland, New Zealand] protects the poor and eases the transition for the affected vulnerable communities. [G77 delete entire paragraph; Norway retain]

Sustainable tourism

Tourism 1. We emphasize that well designed and managed tourism can make a significant contribution to the three dimensions of sustainable development, has close linkages to other sectors, and can create decent jobs and generate trade opportunities. We recognize the need to support sustainable tourism activities and relevant capacity building that promote environmental awareness, conserve and protect the environment, respect wildlife, flora, biodiversity and ecosystems and cultural diversity, and improve the welfare and livelihoods of local communities by supporting their local economies and the human and natural environment as a whole. We call for enhanced support for sustainable tourism activities and relevant capacity building in developing countries in order to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development. [agreed ad ref]

Tourism 2. We encourage the promotion of investment in sustainable tourism, including eco-tourism and cultural tourism, which may include creating small- and medium-sized enterprises and facilitating access to finance, including through microcredit initiatives for the poor, indigenous peoples and local communities in areas with high eco-tourism potential. In this regard, we underline the importance of establishing, where necessary, appropriate guidelines and regulations in accordance with national priorities and legislation for promoting and supporting sustainable tourism. [agreed ad ref]

Sustainable transport

Transport 1. We note that transportation and mobility are central to sustainable development. Sustainable transportation can enhance economic growth as well as improving accessibility. Sustainable transport achieves better integration of the economy while respecting the environment. We recognize the importance of the efficient movement of people and goods, and access to environmentally sound, safe and affordable transportation as a means to improve social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages and productivity of rural areas. In this regard, we take into account road safety as a part of our efforts to achieve sustainable development. [agreed ad ref]

Transport 2. We support the development of sustainable transport systems, including energy efficient multi-modal transport systems, notably public mass transportation systems, clean fuels and vehicles, as well as improved transportation systems in rural areas. We recognize the need to promote an integrated approach to policy-making at the national, regional and local levels for transport services and systems to promote sustainable development. We also recognize that the special development needs of landlocked and transit developing countries need to be taken into account while establishing [sustainable transport systems for transit – EU, Australia; G77 to confirm] [and international support for developing countries to achieve sustainable transport – G77; EU, US, Canada delete].

[Transport 3. We recognize the linkage that should exist between planning and urban design as a means to reduce demand for motorized mobility and encourage non-motorized mobility. In this regard, we underline the need for models of more advanced and more compact cities and towns, with mixed, compatible land uses as a mechanism for reducing distances and emissions, while promoting pedestrian and cycling infrastructure. – Mexico, EU to consider integration with Transport 1]

Sustainable cities and human settlements

Cities 1. We recognize that, if well planned and developed including through integrated planning and management approaches, cities can promote economically productive, socially cohesive, and environmentally sustainable societies. In this regard, we recognize the need for a holistic approach to urban development and human settlements that provides for affordable housing and infrastructure and prioritizes slum upgrading and urban regeneration. We commit to work towards improving the quality of human settlements, including the living and working conditions of both urban and rural dwellers in the context of poverty eradication so that all people have access to basic services, [food, G77 reserves; CSD 17 - urban-rural linkages for food security and vibrant markets;] housing and mobility. We also recognize the need for conservation as appropriate of the natural and cultural heritage of human settlements, the revitalization of historic districts, and the rehabilitation of city centers.

Cities 2. We commit to promote an integrated approach to planning and building sustainable cities and urban settlements, including support and empowerment of local authorities and enhanced participation of urban residents, including the poor, in decision making. We also commit to promote sustainable development policies that support inclusive housing and social services; a safe and healthy living environment for all, particularly for children, youth, and women elderly and disabled [Secretariat confirms terminology used by GA documents]; affordable and sustainable transport and energy; [promotion, protection and restoration of safe and green urban spaces– G77 reserves]; safe and clean drinking water and sanitation; healthy air quality; and improved [land-use – US delete, G77 retain] planning. We support environmentally sustainable urbanization, including the development of resilient, energy-efficient and water-efficient buildings and infrastructure. We further support sustainable management of waste through the application of the 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle), and we underline the importance of fully considering disaster risk reduction [and - US], resilience [and climate risks –US delete] in urban planning. We recognize the efforts of cities to balance development with rural regions. We are convinced that building sustainable cities with [low carbon, - Japan, EU] resilient and [resource and - EU] energy-efficient infrastructure and technology [should be a priority effort and -Japan] can facilitate and encourage sustainable [behaviour and lifestyles / development – US; EU retain].

Cities 3. We emphasize the importance of increasing the number of metropolitan regions, cities and towns that are implementing policies for sustainable urban planning and design in order to respond effectively to the expected growth of urban populations in coming decades. We note that sustainable urban planning benefits from the involvement of multiple stakeholders as well as from full use of information and [gender / sex – New Zealand] -disaggregated data including on demographic trends, income distribution and informal settlements. We recognize the important role of municipal governments in setting a vision for sustainable cities, from the initiation of city planning through to revitalization of older cities and neighborhoods, including by adopting energy efficiency programmes in building management and developing sustainable [place-based - US] transport systems [as well as the promotion of non-motorized mode of transport -EU].

Cities 4. We recognize that partnerships among cities and communities play an important role in promoting sustainable development. In this regard, we stress the need to strengthen cooperation mechanisms or platforms, partnership arrangements and other implementation tools for sustainable urbanization with active involvement of the relevant UN entities including UN-HABITAT [and UNEP –EU]. Such cooperation mechanisms and arrangements may foster mobilization of resources from all sources, public and private, voluntary knowledge sharing and technology transfer, and capacity building for sustainable cities. [Therefore, we call upon technical and financial assistance through the UN system to support developing countries to achieve sustainable cities. –G77]

Health and population

Health 1. We recognize that health is a precondition for, an outcome of, and an indicator of all three dimensions of sustainable development. We understand the goals of sustainable development can only be achieved in the absence of a high prevalence of debilitating communicable and non-communicable diseases, and where populations can reach a state of physical, mental and social well-being. We are convinced that action on the social and environmental determinants of health, both for [vulnerable groups / persons in vulnerable situations – Holy See; New Zealand, Switzerland, Norway retain] and the entire population, is important to create inclusive, equitable, economically productive and healthy societies. We call for the full realization of the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.

Health 2. We also recognize [that / the benefits of -US] universal health coverage [is fundamental –US delete] to enhancing health, social cohesion and sustainable human and economic development. We pledge to strengthen health systems towards the provision of equitable universal coverage. [We call for the involvement of all relevant actors for coordinated multi-sectoral action to address urgently the health needs of the world’s population. –G77 delete, merge para 2 and 6] (Switzerland retain original language)

Health 3. We emphasize that HIV and AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza, polio and other communicable diseases remain serious global concerns, and we commit to redoubling efforts to achieve universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support, and to eliminate mother to child transmission of HIV as well as to renewing and strengthening the fight against malaria, tuberculosis, and neglected tropical diseases. [agreed ad ref]

Health 4. We acknowledge that the global burden and threat of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitutes one of the major challenges for sustainable development in the twenty-first century. We commit to strengthen health systems [toward the provision of equitable, universal coverage and promote affordable access to / to address –US] prevention, treatment, care and support related to NCDs, especially cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes. We also commit to establish or strengthen multi-sectoral national policies for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, with a focus on key risk factors. [We recognize that reducing air, water and chemical pollution, leads to positive effects on health. EU -moved from Health 1]

Health 5. We reaffirm the right to use, to the full, the provisions contained in the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, the Doha Declaration on the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and Public Health, the decision of the World Trade Organization General Council of 30th August 2003 on the implementation of paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health, and, when formal acceptance procedures are completed, the amendment to article 31 of the agreement, which provides flexibilities for the protection of public health, and, in particular, to promote access to medicines for all, and encourage the provision of assistance to developing countries in this regard. [We also call for a broad and timely acceptance of the amendment to the article 31 of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, as proposed by the World Trade Organization General Council in its decision of 6 December 2005. –G77 delete] [US delete entire paragraph]

Health 6. We call for further collaboration and cooperation at national and international levels to strengthen health systems through increased health financing, improved [training / production, training and retention –New Zealand] of the health work force, improved distribution and access to essential [safe, high quality –US, New Zealand] and affordable medicines, vaccines and medical technologies, and through improving health infrastructure. We [support / note – Holy See] the [leadership role of the -US] World Health [Organization / Assembly – Holy See; Canada, Switzerland retain] as the directing and coordinating authority on global health. (G77 merge para 6 with para 2)

Health 7. We commit to systematically consider population trends and projections in our national, rural and urban development strategies and policies. Through forward-looking planning, we can seize the opportunities and address the challenges associated with demographic change including migration. [agreed ad ref]

Health 8. We [remain committed to the full implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the key actions for further implementation of the Programme of Action and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, and – Holy See delete] intend to pay special attention to gender equality and women’s empowerment [, and sexual and reproductive health – Holy See delete]. [US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland retain original formulation] (G77 streamline with para 9)

Health 9. We commit to reduce maternal and child mortality, and to improve the health of women, adolescents and children. We reaffirm our commitment to gender equality and to protect the human rights of women, men [and adolescents – Holy See delete] to have control over and decide freely and responsibly on matters related to their sexuality, [including sexual and reproductive health – Holy See delete], free from coercion, discrimination and violence. We will work actively to ensure that health systems provide the necessary information and health [care – Holy See] services addressing the [sexual and reproductive – Holy See delete] needs of women [giving particular attention to maternal and emergency obstetric care – Holy See] [and their reproductive [rights / health -G77], including ensuring universal access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable modern methods of family planning, as this is essential for women’s health and human rights and advancing gender equality – Holy See delete]. [US, Canada, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, New Zealand retain original formulation] (G77 streamline with para 8)

[Health 8 and 9 alt. We remain committed to the full implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the key actions for further implementation of the Programme of Action and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, and in this regard recommit to achieving gender equality and to protect the human rights of women, men and adolescents to have control over and decide freely and responsibly on matters related to their sexuality, including sexual and reproductive health, free from coercion, discrimination and violence. We commit to reduce maternal and child mortality and to improve the health of women, adolescents and children and will work actively to ensure that health systems provide the necessary information and health services for addressing the sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights of women, including ensuring universal access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable modern methods of family planning, as this is essential for women’s health and human rights and advancing gender equality. –Iceland]

Promoting [green jobs – G77 delete; RoK retain], full and productive employment, decent work for all, [including green jobs, – EU, RoK, Norway; US flexible] and social protection

[G77 & Canada encourage for further streamlining]

[G77 cannot accept the expression "green jobs" throughout the text]

Note: "decent work and green jobs" is ILO language

Jobs 1. We recognize that poverty eradication, full and productive employment and decent work [for all – Norway delete; G77 retain; US reserve] [for both women and men – Norway; G77 delete], and social integration and protection are interrelated and mutually reinforcing, and that [an – US delete] enabling environment[s to promote these needs to be created at all levels / can facilitate achievement of these goals - US] [having regard to the International Labour conference recommendations on the social floor – EU; US, Canada: more relevant to job9; G77 reserves].

Note: Delegations agreed to revert to this para in light of- OP3 from ECOSOC Resolution 2010/12 on social integration: Recognizes that poverty eradication, full and productive employment and decent work for all and social integration are interrelated, and mutually reinforcing, and that an enabling environment therefore needs to be created so that all three objectives can be pursued simultaneously, and that policies to pursue these objectives must promote social justice, social cohesion, economic recovery and growth, and be economically and environmentally sustainable

- Ongoing process on Social protection floor within the International Labour Organization, and in particular the Preparations for the June 2012 International Labour Conference on Social Protection Floors

Jobs 2. We are concerned about labour market conditions and widespread deficits of available decent work opportunities, especially for young women and men. We urge all governments to address the global challenge of youth employment by developing and implementing strategies and policies that provide young people everywhere access to decent and productive work [,including green jobs – EU; G77 delete; US, Canada, RoK retain, and fexible on placement] [as, over the coming decades, hundreds of millions of decent jobs, [including green jobs – G77 delete; RoK, EU move up], will need to be created to be able ensure sustainable and inclusive development and reduce poverty – US wondering about sources].

Note: Source is inspired by annual report of ILO 2012 on global employment

Jobs 3. We recognize the importance of job creation by investing in and developing [environmentally-sound, cost-effective and efficient economic and social – G77 reserve; US, EU retain] infrastructure and productive capacities for sustainable development and sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth. [We call on countries to enhance infrastructure investment for sustainable development and we [agree to enhance core resources of the UN funds, programmes and agencies to help assist and promote developing countries’ efforts –G77;] [encourage the international financial institutions to support developing countries, - G77 delete] particularly the least developed countries, in this regard. – US delete] Canada streamline para, could agree with 2^nd part without amendments,

Jobs 4. We emphasize the need to enhance employment and income opportunities for all, especially for women and men living in poverty and, in this regard, we support national efforts to provide new job opportunities to the poor in both rural and urban areas, including support to small and medium enterprises. Agreed Ad Ref

Jobs 5. We recognize that workers should have access to education, skills, healthcare, social security, fundamental rights at work, social and legal protections, including occupational safety and health, and decent work opportunities. Governments, trade unions and workers, and employers all have a role to play in promoting decent work for all, [including green jobs – G77 delete; RoK, EU, US, retain; Canada flexible]., and all should help youth gain access to needed skills and employment opportunities including in new and emerging sectors. Women and men should have equal access to opportunities to acquire job skills as well as to worker protections. We recognize the importance of programmes to help workers adjust to changing labour market conditions [, bearing in mind the potential of green sectors to create decent jobs – RoK; G77 delete; US Canada EU, flexible].

Note: Source of last addition is inspired by ILO's Global Jobs pact

Jobs 6. We also recognize that informal unpaid work, performed mostly by women, contributes substantially to human wellbeing and sustainable development. In this regard, we commit to work towards safe and decent working conditions and access to social protection and education. Agreed Ad Ref

Jobs 7. We recognize that opportunities for the greening of existing jobs and job creation can be availed through, inter alia, public and private investments in scientific and technological innovation, public works in restoring, regenerating and conserving natural resources and ecosystems, and social and community services. We are encouraged by government initiatives to create jobs, for poor people in restoring and managing natural resources and ecosystems, and we encourage the private sector to contribute to decent work and green job creation for both women and men, and particularly for the youth, including through partnerships with small and medium enterprises as well as cooperatives. In this regard, we acknowledge the importance of efforts to promote the exchange of information and knowledge on green jobs and related skills and to facilitate the integration of relevant data into national economic and employment policies.

[G77 reserve position on this para, including its placement, will revert; will look carefully]

Proposal from facilitator: We encourage the creation of decent work and green jobs for all, woman and men alike, in particular for the poor and for young people, through, inter alia, the development of initiatives on the sustainable management and restoration of natural resources and ecosystems, and we acknowledge the importance of efforts to promote the exchange of information and knowledge on decent work, green jobs and related skills and to facilitate the integration of relevant data into national economic and employment policies. We encourage the international community and the private sector to support the efforts of developing countries in this regard, including through partnerships with small and medium enterprises as well as cooperatives.

Jobs 8. [We encourage the sharing of experiences and best practices on ways to address the high levels of unemployment and underemployment, in particular among youth]

Note: parties agree on the importance to send a strong message on the high level of unemployment and under employment, in particularly among youth. This is taken up in para 24 of section 2 of the text with a higher visibility. An additional para under the jobs section could have added-value and bring more action oriented language, and at this stage, preferences were expressed on the proposal hereabove]

Jobs 9. We stress the need to provide social protection to all members of society, fostering growth, resilience, social justice and cohesion, including those who are not employed in the formal economy and migrants. In this regard, we strongly encourage national and local initiatives aimed at providing social protection floors for all citizens. [We support global dialogue on best practices for social protection programmes that takes into account the three dimensions of sustainable development].

Jobs 10. We acknowledge the important nexus between international migration and development and in this regard we call upon States to promote and protect the human rights [and fundamental freedoms of all migrants, regardless of their migration status - G77 to revert], especially those of women and children, taking into account their economic and social circumstances. We further recognize the importance of renewing the political will to act cooperatively and constructively in addressing international migration and to address international migration through international, regional or bilateral cooperation and dialogue. [US, delete paragraph; Mexico, Holy See: retain; G77, Canada: reserve]

Note:1^st part if quote from PP16 of UNGA resolution 65/170 and OP61 of world summit outcome document. 2^nd part is quote from OP1 of UNGA resolution66/172

[Jobs 10.alt We call upon states to promote and protect effectively the human rights and fundamental freedom of all migrants regardless of the migration status, especially those of women and children, and to address international migration through international, regional or bilateral cooperation and dialogue and for a comprehensive and balance approach, recognizing the roles and responsibilities of countries of origin, transit and destination in promoting and protecting the human rights of all migrants, and avoiding approaches that might aggravate their vulnerability. – EU from OP1 of UNGA 66/172; US, delete paragraph; Mexico prefer Job 10, Holy See: retain; G77, Canada: reserve]

Oceans and seas

Oceans 1. We recognize that oceans, seas and coastal areas form an integrated and essential component of the Earth’s ecosystem and are critical to sustaining it and that international law, as reflected in UNCLOS, provides the legal framework for the conservation and the sustainable use of the oceans and their resources. We stress the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and seas and of their resources for sustainable development, including through the contributions to poverty eradication, sustained economic growth, food security, creation of sustainable livelihoods and decent work, while at the same time protecting biodiversity and the marine environment and addressing the impacts of climate change. We therefore commit to protect, and [by 2020] restore, the health, productivity and resilience of oceans and marine ecosystems, and to maintain their biodiversity, enabling their conservation and sustainable use for present and future generations, and to effectively apply ecosystem and precautionary approaches in the management, in accordance with international law, of activities impacting on the marine environment, to deliver on all three dimensions of sustainable development.

[Oceans 2. We invite States to ratify or accede to and implement the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982, which provides the overall legal framework for ocean activities.]

Oceans 3. We recognize the importance of building the capacity of developing countries to be able to benefit from the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and seas and their resources and, in this regard, we emphasize the need for cooperation in marine scientific research to implement the provisions of UNCLOS and the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development, as well as for the [transfer of technology on fair and reasonable terms and conditions / voluntary transfer of technology on mutually agreed terms and conditions], taking into account the IOC Guidelines for the transfer of marine technology.

Oceans 4. We support the Regular Process for Global Reporting and Assessment of the State of the Marine Environment, including socio-economic aspects, established under the United Nations General Assembly, and look forward to the completion of its first global integrated assessment of the state of the marine environment by 2014 and its subsequent consideration by the UNGA. We encourage consideration by States of assessment findings at appropriate levels. [agreed ad ref]

[Oceans 5. We reaffirm the importance of area based conservation measures, including marine protected areas consistent with international law and based on best available scientific information as a tool for conservation for biological diversity and sustainable use of its components, and note the state of progress in implementing the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation commitment to establish representative networks of marine protected areas. We note decision X/2 of the 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, that by 2020, 10% of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are to be conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well-connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures. [We recognise the absence of a multilateral legal regime agreed at a global level for their establishment in areas beyond national jurisdiction.]]

[Oceans 6alt 1. We recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. We note the ongoing work under the UN General Assembly of an Ad Hoc Open-ended Informal Working Group to study issues relating to the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. We agree to initiate, as soon as possible, the negotiation, in the framework of the UN General Assembly, of an implementing agreement to UNCLOS that would address the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction [with a view to its early conclusion by 2016.]]

[Oceans 6alt 2. We recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. We note the ongoing work under the UN General Assembly of an Ad Hoc Open-ended Informal Working Group to study issues relating to the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. We look forward to its recommendations to the 68^th session of the General Assembly to make progress on ways forward to fulfil its mandate provided for in para 167 of GA Resolution 66/231 with a view to ensuring that the legal framework for the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction effectively addresses those issues by identifying gaps and ways forward, including through the implementation of existing instruments and the possible development of a multilateral agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).]

Oceans 7. We note with concern that the health of oceans and marine biodiversity are negatively affected by marine pollution, including marine debris, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and nitrogen-based compounds, from a number of marine and land-based sources, including shipping and land runoff. We commit to take action to reduce the incidence and impacts of such pollution on marine ecosystems, including through the effective implementation of relevant conventions adopted in the framework of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), and the follow up of the relevant initiatives such as the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, as well as the adoption of coordinated strategies to this end. We further commit to take action, based on collected scientific data, to achieve significant reductions in marine debris [by 2025] to prevent harm to the coastal and marine environment.

Oceans 8. We note the significant threat alien invasive species pose to marine ecosystems and resources and commit to implement measures to prevent the introduction of, and manage the adverse environmental impacts of, alien invasive species including, as appropriate, those adopted in the framework of the IMO. [agreed ad ref]

Oceans 9. We note that sea level rise and coastal erosion are serious threats for many coastal regions and islands particularly in developing countries and, in this regard, we call on the international community to enhance its efforts to address these challenges. [agreed ad ref]

Oceans 10. We call for support to initiatives that address ocean acidification and the impacts of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems and resources. In this regard, we reiterate the need to work collectively to prevent further ocean acidification, as well as enhance the resilience of marine ecosystems and of the communities whose livelihoods depend on them, and to support marine scientific research, monitoring and observation of ocean acidification and particularly vulnerable ecosystems, including through enhanced international cooperation in this regard. [agreed ad ref]

[Oceans 11. We [commit to ensure / affirm] that [, in accordance with the precautionary [principle / approach], ] ocean fertilization activities [do / should] not take place until there is an adequate scientific basis on which to justify such activities, including assessing associated risks [. We affirm / , and] that, given the present state of knowledge, ocean fertilization activities other than [legitimate] scientific research [on the conditions agreed by the international community] should not be allowed. We [welcome / recall] the work of the Convention on Biological Diversity [as well as the London Convention and the London Protocol] in this respect [, and the importance of precautionary approaches].]

[Oceans 12. We [commit] to maintain or restore stocks to levels that can produce the maximum sustainable yield with the aim of achieving these goals for depleted stocks on an urgent basis [and where possible] not later than 2015. We commit to develop and implement science based management plans [, including by reducing or suspending fishing catch commensurate with the status of the stock]. We further commit to enhance action to manage by-catch, discards and the ecosystem impacts of fisheries, including through effective use of impact assessments to protect vulnerable marine ecosystem from significant adverse impacts. We also commit to enhance action, including through competent organizations, to eliminate destructive [and harmful] fishing practices, consistent with relevant General Assembly resolutions and FAO Guidelines.]

[Oceans 13. We [invite / urge] States to ratify or accede to and implement the 1995 Agreement on the Conservation and Management of Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, as well as to implement the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and the FAO International Plans of Action and technical guidelines.]

Oceans 14. We acknowledge that illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing deprive many countries of a crucial natural resource and remain a persistent threat to their sustainable development. We [recommit to eliminate IUU fishing as advanced in / commit to eliminate by 2020 IUU fishing building on] the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (JPOI), and to prevent and combat these practices including through the following: developing and implementing national and regional action plans in accordance with the FAO’s international plan of action to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing; [eliminating fisheries subsidies that lead to over-capacity and over-fishing / eliminating subsidies that contribute to IUU] implementing—in accordance with international law—effective and coordinated measures by coastal States, flag States, port States, and chartering nations and the States of nationality of the beneficial owners and others who support or engage in IUU fishing, by identifying vessels engaged in IUU fishing and by depriving offenders of the benefits accruing from IUU fishing; as well as cooperating with developing countries to systematically identify needs and build capacity, including support for monitoring, control, surveillance, compliance and enforcement systems.

[Oceans 15. We [urge / encourage] States that have not yet done so to [consider] [ratify, accept, approve, or accede / ratifying, accepting, approving, or acceding] to the FAO Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated fishing.]

Oceans 16. We recognize the need for transparency and accountability in fisheries management by regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs). We recognize the efforts already made by those RFMOs that have undertaken independent performance reviews, and call on all RFMOs to regularly undertake such reviews and make the results publicly available. We encourage implementation of the recommendations of such reviews and recommend that the comprehensiveness of those reviews be strengthened over time, as necessary. [agreed ad ref]

Oceans 17. We [reaffirm /resolve to act on]our JPOI commitment to eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and overcapacity [by 2015], and we reiterate our commitment to conclude multilateral disciplines on fisheries subsidies which give effect to the WTO Doha Development Agenda and the Hong Kong Ministerial mandates to strengthen disciplines on subsidies in the fisheries sector, including through the prohibition of certain forms of fisheries subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and over-fishing, taking into account the importance of this sector to developing countries. We encourage states to further improve the transparency and reporting of existing fisheries subsidies programmes through the WTO. [Given the state of fisheries resources we welcome efforts by States to eliminate or reduce subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and over-fishing and encourage further efforts in this regard, including by refraining from introducing new such subsidies or extending or enhancing existing such subsidies, taking into account the importance of this sector to developing countries.]

Oceans 18. We urge the identification and mainstreaming of strategies by 2014 that further assist developing countries, in particular the least developed countries and small island developing States, in developing their national capacity to conserve, sustainably manage and realize the benefits of sustainable fisheries, including through improved market access for fish products from developing countries. [agreed ad ref]

Oceans 19. We commit to observe the need to ensure access to fisheries, and the importance of access to markets, by subsistence, small-scale and artisanal fishers and women fish workers, as well as indigenous peoples and their communities particularly in developing countries, especially small island developing States. [agreed ad ref]

Oceans 20. We also recognize the significant economic, social and environmental contributions of coral reefs, in particular to islands and other coastal States, as well as the significant vulnerability of coral reefs and mangroves to impacts including from climate change, ocean acidification, overfishing, destructive fishing practices and pollution. We support international cooperation with a view to conserving coral reef and mangrove ecosystems and realizing their social, economic and environmental benefits as well as facilitating technical collaboration and voluntary information sharing. [agreed ad ref]

Small Island Developing States (agreed ad ref)

SIDS 1. We reaffirm that Small Island Developing States (SIDS) remain a special case for sustainable development in view of their unique and particular vulnerabilities, including their small size, remoteness, narrow resource and export base, and exposure to global environmental challenges and external economic shocks, including to a large range of impacts from climate change and potentially more frequent and intense natural disasters. We note with concern that the outcome of the Mauritius Strategy Review (MSI+5) concluded that SIDS have made less progress than most other groupings, or even regressed, in economic terms, especially in terms of poverty reduction and debt sustainability. [Climate change and sea-level rise continue to pose a threat to the survival and viability [and territorial integrity –G77] of SIDS as well as their efforts to achieve sustainable development. -US delete] We also remain concerned that, while SIDS have progressed in the areas of gender, health, education and the environment, their overall progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals has been uneven.

SIDS 2. We call for continued and enhanced efforts to assist SIDS in implementing the Barbados Programme of Action (BPOA) and MSI. We also call for a strengthening of the United Nations System support to SIDS in keeping with the multiple ongoing and emerging challenges faced by SIDS in achieving sustainable development. –agreed ad ref

[SIDS 3. We call for the convening of the Third International Conference for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States in 2014 [and invites the General Assembly at its 67^th session to determine the modalities of the Conference –EU] [to address new strategies in overcoming the vulnerabilities of SIDS –G77 delete]. –US delete]

LDCs

Stand alone section / paragraph – not to be considered under “regions”

revert on placement

LDC 1. We agree to effectively implement the IPOA and to fully integrate its priority areas into the framework for action, the broader implementation of which will contribute to the IPOA’s overarching goal of enabling half of LDCs to meet the criteria of graduation by 2020. Agreed ad ref on language - revert on placement

US, Canada, EU reserve on the following sub sections and paragraphs

LLDCs – as of 2 June (1:00 pm)

Stand alone section if retained – not to be considered under “regions”

LLDC1. We encourage the international community to speed up further the implementation of the specific actions in the five priorities agreed upon in the Almaty Programme of Action and those contained in the Declaration on the midterm review, in a better-coordinated manner, in particular for the construction, maintenance and improvement of their transport, storage and other transit-related facilities, including alternative routes, completion of missing links and improved communications and energy infrastructure, so as to support these countries' sustainable development. – G77; US, EU reserve]

Africa – as of 2 June (1:00 pm)

Stand alone section if retained – not to be considered under “regions”

Africa 1. While we acknowledge that some progress has been made towards the fulfillment of international commitments related to Africa’s development needs, we emphasize that sustainable development still remains elusive in the continent. - G77; EU, US reserve]

Africa 2. We express our deep concerns that previously agreed commitments related to Africa’s development needs have not been fulfilled. We commit to addressing the special development needs of Africa through accelerated provision of financial resources, technology transfer and capacity building in order to achieve sustainable development. To this end, we call for the mobilization of financial resources through public and private means, including support towards the implementation of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), which is a framework for sustainable development on the continent to be shared by all Africa’s people, as well as other established regional and sub-regional efforts, including through:

a) Providing financing, technical cooperation and institutional cooperation and human and institutional capacity - building at the regional, subregional and national levels, consistent with national priorities and policies

b) Promoting technology development, transfer and diffusion to Africa and further develop technology and knowledge available in African centres of excellence;

c) Supporting African countries in developing effective science and technology institutions and research activities capable of developing and adapting to world class technologies;

d) Supporting the development of national programmes and strategies to promote education within the context of nationally owned and led strategies for poverty reduction and strengthening research institutions in education in order to increase the capacity to fully support the achievement of internationally agreed development goals related to education, including MDGs;

e) Enhancing the industrial productivity, diversity and competitiveness of African countries through a combination of financial and technological support for the development of key infrastructure, access to technology, networking of research centres, adding value to export products, skills development and enhancing market access in support of sustainable development. - G77; US, EU reserve]

Africa 3. We call further on the international community to enhance support and fulfill commitments to advance action in areas critical to Africa’s sustainable development, including: improving agricultural productivity and food security; promoting research and development and the use of biotechnology for sustainable development; combating desertification and land degradation; achieving sound management of coastal, marine and lacustrine ecosystems; enhancing sustainable use of natural resources, including freshwater, forests and biodiversity; promoting sustainable consumption and production and sustainable industrial development; ensuring the sound management of chemicals and waste; promoting sustainable tourism; ensuring access to secure and sustainable energy; achieving sustainable exploitation of mineral resources; enhancing access to safe drinking water and sanitation; promoting sustainable urban development; strengthening disaster risk preparedness and reduction; achieving inclusive and equitable growth; and furthering progress made in health and education. –G77; US, EU reserve]

[Regions / Other Regions / Other Regional Groups / Other Regional Initiatives] – G77; EU, US reserve]

Arab region

US, EU reserve

[Region 7. We support the implementation of the Sustainable Development Initiative in the Arab Region adopted by the 2004 Arab Summit, and its efforts towards addressing poverty eradication, women’s empowerment, job creation particularly for the youth, climate change, food security, water security, increasing drought and desertification, land degradation, the right of access to information, trade liberalization, the transfer and localization of appropriate technology and to further support national and regional efforts aimed at achieving sustainable development in the Arab region, in particular through providing financial resources, transfer of and access to technology and capacity building, as well as meeting the development needs in this regard, particularly for people living under foreign occupation. - G77; US, EU reserve]

Latin America and the Caribbean

US, EU reserve on section

[Region 8. We welcome LAC efforts towards sustainable development and poverty eradication, and recognize that the region continues to face challenges in this regard. We reaffirm that international cooperation, including financial resources and transfer and access to technology, is essential for Latin American and Caribbean countries to complement the region’s efforts to advance in the different dimensions of sustainable development. In this regard, we further note the Quito Declaration, resulting from the First Meeting of the Ministers of Environment of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States –CELAC- on February 3, 2012, in Ecuador as a significant step to advance sustainable development in the region, and note the following issues identified therein for further discussion in the region including : strengthening of regional financial mechanism and structures, universal declaration on rights of nature as an instrument to ensure good living, the full implementation of the rights of access to information participation and environmental justice, the removal of barriers to access to technological innovation and strengthening of environmental education and training. – G77; US, EU reserve]

Asia Pacific Region

US, EU reserve on section

[Region 9. Given that Asia Pacific region has the largest number of poor people in the world, the challenge of sustainable development is the gravest for this region and is further exacerbated by the vast socio-economic and cultural diversity. We stress the need to give the highest global development priority to the region to achieve the internationally agreed development goals including the MDGs. We reaffirm that international cooperation and regional efforts in Asia and the Pacific to eradicate poverty, hunger and disease require concerted global attention and action. In this regard, we call for enhanced financial assistance, transfer of technology and capacity building to the countries in the region. – G77; US, EU reserve]

Disaster risk reduction

DRR 1. We reaffirm our commitment to the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters and call for States, the UN system, International Financial Institutions, regional and international organizations, and civil society to accelerate implementation of the framework and the achievement of its goals. We call for disaster risk reduction and building of resilience to disasters to be addressed with a renewed sense of urgency in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication [to ensure human security], and to be integrated into policies, plans, programmes, and budgets as appropriate, at all levels [and considered within relevant future frameworks [as appropriate] /and considered within the development of a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction / delete]. [We invite governments at all levels as well as relevant regional and international organizations to commit to adequate, timely and predictable resources for disaster risk reduction in order to enhance resilience of cities and communities to disasters, according to their own circumstances and capacities.]

DRR 2. We recognize the importance of early warning systems as part of effective disaster risk reduction at all levels in order to reduce economic and social damages including the loss of human life, and in this regard encourage States to integrate such systems into their national disaster risk reduction strategies and plans. [We encourage donors and the international community to enhance international cooperation in support of disaster risk reduction in developing countries as appropriate through technical assistance, [voluntary] technology transfer on mutually agreed terms and conditions, capacity building and training programmes.] We further recognize the importance of comprehensive hazard and risk assessments, and knowledge and information sharing, including reliable geospatial information. We commit to undertake and strengthen in a timely manner risk assessment and disaster risk reduction instruments.

DRR 3. We stress the importance of stronger inter-linkages among disaster risk reduction, recovery and long-term development planning, and call for more coordinated and comprehensive strategies that integrate disaster risk reduction and climate change [adaptation – delete] considerations into public and private investment, decision making and planning of humanitarian and development actions in order to reduce risk, increase resilience and provide a smoother transition between relief, recovery and development. In this regard, we recognize also the need to integrate a gender perspective into the design and implementation of all phases of disaster risk management.

DRR 4. We call for all relevant stakeholders, including Governments, international and regional organizations, the private sector and civil society, to take appropriate and effective measures, taking into account the three dimensions of sustainable development, including through strengthening coordination and cooperation to reduce risk exposures for the protection of people, infrastructure and other national assets from the impact of disasters in line with the Hyogo Framework for Action and any post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction.

Climate change [agreed ad ref]

Climate 1. We reiterate that countries should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generations of humankind [, consistent with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities –G77; EU requests clarification; US, Japan, Canada, New Zealand, Switzerland delete]. We reaffirm that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and we express profound alarm that emissions of greenhouse gases continue to rise globally. We are deeply concerned that all countries, particularly developing countries, [especially LDCs, SIDS and Africa, -G77, Mexico, US delete; EU, ROK, Canada retain] [that –US] are [especially –US] vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, and are already experiencing increased impacts including persistent drought and extreme weather events, sea level rise, coastal erosion and ocean acidification[, further threatening food security and efforts to eradicate poverty, [to achieve sustainable development and to –EU] advance gender equality [, noting the disproportionate impact on women –EU; Iceland, Norway delete] and achieve sustainable development. / which may present additional challenges to achieving sustainable development – US]

Climate 2. [Consistent with the provisions of the UNFCCC, -G77; EU, US delete] We underscore that [combating / addressing –Russian Federation] climate change requires urgent action and the widest possible cooperation of all countries[, in accordance with the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities – US, Japan, New Zealand delete]. In this regard, we express our commitment to an effective and appropriate international response. [We stress that a significant gap in mitigation [and adaptation –G77, ROK] efforts remains to be [closed in order to hold / minimized with a view to holding –US] the increase in global mean temperature below 2 degrees [or 1.5 degrees – G77] Celsius above pre-industrial levels. – Russian Federation, Japan delete] [We acknowledge that there is a gap between the aggregate level of reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases to be achieved through global mitigation efforts and the reduction needed as part of the global effort to achieve the range indicated in the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. –Japan] [We welcome the outcomes of / We agree to build on the progress achieved at -G77; Canada, New Zealand retain] [COP-17/CMP 7 – Mexico delete] achieved at Durban, and will intensify our efforts towards the timely implementation of all the decisions adopted at those meetings.

Climate 3. We recognize the importance of mobilizing [predictable –US delete] funding from a variety of sources, public and private, bilateral and multilateral, including innovative sources of finance [consistent with the provisions of the UNFCCC –G77], to support [nationally appropriate –Norway delete] mitigation actions and adaptation measures, technology transfer [on mutually agreed terms –Canada] and capacity-building in developing countries. In this regard, we welcome the [designation and –Mexico delete] launching of the Green Climate Fund [at COP-17/CMP-7 as an operating entity of the financial mechanism of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. [We also – Mexico delete] [, call for its prompt operationalization and –Mexico, Norway, Switzerland] encourage [developed countries / Parties –Norway; G77 retain] [and other countries in a position to do so –Japan, New Zealand, Switzerland] to make financial contributions for the expeditious operationalization of the Green Climate Fund [in accordance with para 9 decision 3 of COP 17 – Japan]. –US, Canada delete]

[Climate 4. We highlight the need to better understand and address cross-cutting issues and interlinkages, including those among water, energy, food, health, [ecosystems / biodiversity –Switzerland] and climate change. [In this regard, we welcome initiatives and partnerships aimed at achieving synergies and minimizing conflicts among policy objectives, including through the utilization of science-based climate monitoring and information. -US delete] –G77 delete para; EU, ROK, Norway move to beginning of Section V. A. after chapeau]

[Climate 4 bis. We recognize that short-lived climate pollutants are responsible for a significant fraction of current climate forcing, as well as serious public health problems and damage to crops. We applaud the efforts being made by the Climate Clean Air Coalition to reduce short-lived climate pollutants, and urge countries and the private sector to take immediate actions to reduce emissions of these substances. –US, Canada, Norway; G77, Switzerland delete]

Forests [agreed ad ref]

Proposal by the Facilitator

Forests 1. We highlight the social, economic and environmental benefits of forests to people and the contributions of sustainable forest management to the themes and objective of the Conference. We support cross-sectoral and cross-institutional policies promoting sustainable forest management. We reaffirm that the wide range of products and services that [forests / forest ecosystems] provide creates opportunities to address many of the most pressing sustainable development challenges. We call for enhanced efforts to achieve the sustainable management of forests, reforestation and afforestation, and we support all efforts that effectively slow, halt and reverse deforestation and forest degradation. In this regard, we note the important ongoing and potential role of initiatives to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). We [commit, by 2020, to strengthen / call for increased efforts to strengthen], forest governance frameworks and achieve sustainable forest management (SFM). To this end, we commit to more effectively tackle the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation including through, inter alia:

· robust and transparent forest governance and law enforcement;

· effective forest legal and regulatory frameworks;

· enhanced financial resources from all sources for SFM;

· capacity building and technology transfer to increase human and institutional capabilities for SFM;

· improved land use planning and allocation;

· secure land tenure;

· community-based forest management;

· forest protected areas;

· combating illegal logging and associated trade and promoting trade in legally-harvested forest products;

· market instruments, consistent with national legislation, that encourage sustainable forest management such as voluntary certification measures; and

· science-based monitoring tools to better understand, track and tackle the drivers of forest degradation and deforestation.

[We aim at halting global forest cover loss by 2030 at the latest]

Forests 2. We call for urgent implementation of the “Non-legally Binding Instrument on all Types of Forests (NLBI) and the Ministerial Declaration of the high-level segment of the ninth session of the United Nations Forum on Forests on the occasion of the launch of the International Year of Forests.

Forests 3. We stress the importance of integrating sustainable forest management objectives and practices into the mainstream of economic policy and decision-making, and to that end we commit to working through the governing bodies of member organizations of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests to integrate, as appropriate, the sustainable management of all types of forests into their strategies and programmes.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity 1. We reaffirm the intrinsic value of biological diversity, as well as the ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its critical role in [maintaining ecosystem services which are critical foundations for –US, EU, Mexico, New Zealand; G77 delete] sustainable development and human well-being. We recognize the severity of global biodiversity loss and degradation of [ecosystem services / ecosystems] and emphasize that these undermine global development, affecting food security and nutrition, provision of and [the right and –Holy See; US, Canada, EU delete] access to water, health of the rural poor and of people worldwide, including present and future generations. [This highlights the importance of managing biodiversity at landscape and seascape scales, enhancing habitat connectivity and building ecosystem resilience. –Australia, Mexico, Norway, EU; G77 reserve] We recognize that traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous peoples and local communities make an important contribution to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, [and their wider application –G77, US; New Zealand reserve] can support social well-being and sustainable livelihoods. We further recognize that indigenous peoples and local communities are often most directly dependent on biodiversity and [ecosystems / ecosystem services] and thus are often most immediately affected by their loss and degradation.

Biodiversity 2. We reiterate our commitment to the achievement of the three objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity and call for urgent actions that effectively reduce the rate of, halt and reverse the loss of biodiversity. In this context, we affirm the importance of implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 [, and its / and commit to urgent action to ensure the achievement by 2020 of the –EU, Switzerland; Japan, US, Norway, Canada, G77 retain] Aichi Biodiversity Targets adopted at the 10th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention.

Biodiversity 3. We note the adoption of the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from Their Utilization, and we invite parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to ratify or accede to the Protocol, so as to ensure its entry into force at the earliest possible opportunity. We acknowledge the role of access and benefit-sharing [related to / arising out of any form of utilization of –G77; US, EU, Canada delete] genetic resources in contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, poverty eradication and environmental sustainability.

[Biodiversity 3.bis. We stress the importance of developing the [necessary legislative, administrative or policy –G77 delete] measures [and arrangements –G77], as appropriate, to implement the rights of countries of origin of genetic resources or countries providing genetic resources, as defined in the Convention on Biological Diversity, particularly developing countries, to participate in the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge as well as any subsequent application and commercial utilization of products derived from such resources through the fair and equitable sharing of benefits [and appropriate transfer of technology –G77]. –Canada, Japan, EU, Australia, New Zealand, US delete] (moved from Biodiversity 7)

Biodiversity 4. We [welcome -EU / note the adoption of –US] the Strategy for Resource Mobilization in support of the achievement of the Convention on Biological Diversity's three objectives, including the commitment to substantially increasing resources from all sources in support of biodiversity[, in particular for developing countries –New Zealand, EU, Japan, US delete; G77 retain] [in accordance with the process consolidated and agreed in Nagoya –EU, New Zealand, US].

Biodiversity 5. We support mainstreaming the consideration of the socio-economic impacts and benefits of the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and its components, as well as [ecosystems / ecosystem services – EU, Switzerland], into relevant programmes and policies at all levels, in accordance with national legislation, circumstances and priorities. We encourage investments, through appropriate incentives and policies, which support the conservation and sustainable use [and restoration –EU, Switzerland; G77 delete] of biological diversity and ecosystems, consistent and in harmony with the Convention and other relevant international obligations.

Biodiversity 6. We agree to promote cooperation, [partnerships –G77 delete] and information exchange, and in this context, we welcome the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity 2011-2020 for the purpose of encouraging active involvement of all stakeholders in the conservation and sustainable use [and restoration –EU, Switzerland; G77 delete] of biodiversity, as well as access to and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources, with the vision of living in harmony with nature. [We also welcome the establishment of international partnerships related to conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity [, such as the Satoyama Initiative, –Japan] as well as innovative approaches and mechanisms to mobilize financing for this purpose. –G77 delete]

Biodiversity 7. (moved up as Biodiversity 3.bis)

Biodiversity 8. We recognize the important role of CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) [, an international agreement that / to ensure that not a species be threatened by international trade, as it –Mexico; EU retain] stands at the intersection between trade, environment and development and that [is meant to promote / promotes –Australia] the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity [ensuring non-detrimental harvesting –Mexico; EU delete] [with / and also recognize that it should contribute to –Japan; EU, Australia retain] tangible benefits for local people [as well as the environment –G77, EU delete]. We recognize the economic, social and environmental impacts of illicit trafficking in wildlife [as a transnational organized crime –G77 delete; EU, Norway, US retain] where firm and strengthened action needs to be taken on both the supply and demand sides. In this regard, we emphasize the importance of effective international cooperation among relevant multilateral environmental agreements and international organizations. [We further stress the importance of basing the listing of species and other measures on best available scientific advice. – G77 delete; Norway, Japan retain]

Biodiversity 9. We [welcome / take note of –G77] the establishment of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, and [call for / invite –G77] an early commencement of its work [in order to provide the best available policy-relevant information on biodiversity to assist decision-makers –Mexico].

Desertification, land degradation and drought

Note: Facilitator’s text to be included shortly, pending consultations

Mountains

Mountains 1. We recognize that the benefits derived from mountain regions are essential for sustainable development. Mountain ecosystems play a crucial role in providing water resources to a large portion of the world’s population; fragile mountain ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, deforestation and forest degradation, land use change, land degradation, and natural disasters; and mountain glaciers around the world are retreating and getting thinner with increasing impacts on the environment and human well-being.

Mountains 2. We further recognize that mountains are often home to communities, including indigenous peoples and local communities, who have developed sustainable uses of mountain resources. They are, however, often marginalized, and we therefore stress that continued effort will be required to address poverty, food security and nutrition, social exclusion and environmental degradation in these areas, and invite States to strengthen cooperative action with effective involvement and sharing of experience of all relevant stakeholders, by establishing new or strengthening existing regional [and international – G77; US reserves] [agreements and/or –EU; G77 reserves] arrangements and centers of competence for sustainable mountain development.

Mountains 3. We call for greater efforts toward the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity. We encourage States to adopt a long-term vision and holistic approaches, including through incorporating mountain-specific policies into national sustainable development strategies which could include, inter alia, poverty reduction plans and programmes in mountain areas, particularly in developing countries. [We call for support from developed countries in this regard – G77; EU, US delete]

Chemicals and waste [agreed ad ref]

Note: EU suggests that it would be easier to understand this text if the paragraph order was change to 1, 6, 3, 8, 2, 4, 10, 11, New 5, 9. Para. 7 and 12 have been merged with 6 and 9 respectively.

Consistency required in referring to “throughout their life- cycle”.

Chemicals 1. We recognize that sound management of chemicals is crucial for the protection of human health and the environment. We further recognize that growing global production and use of chemicals and prevalence in the environment calls for increased international cooperation. We reaffirm our aim to achieve by 2020 sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle and of hazardous waste in ways that lead to minimization of significant adverse effects on human health and the environment, as set out in the JPOI. We also reaffirm our commitment to an approach for the sound management of chemicals and waste at all levels that responds in an effective, efficient, coherent and coordinated manner to new and emerging issues and challenges, and encourage further progress across countries and regions in order to fill the gaps in implementation of commitments. [agreed ad ref]

Chemicals 2. We call for the effective implementation and strengthening of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) towards a robust, coherent, effective and efficient [system/ framework/ regime] for the sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle including to respond to emerging challenges. [An integrated approach to sustainable and adequate long-term funding is a key element [to assist countries, in particular developing countries with the implementation of - Switzerland delete] [for the – Switzerland] sound management of chemicals and waste. – G77; US, EU, Canada delete]

Note: This issue (second sentence) would be decided pending the outcome of Section VI on MOI.

Chemicals 3. We are deeply concerned that many countries, in particular least developed countries, lack the capacity for sound management of chemicals and waste throughout their life-cycle. Additional efforts are needed to enhance work towards strengthening capacities, including through partnerships, technical [and financial – US delete] assistance and improved governance structures. We encourage countries and organizations which have made progress toward achieving the goal of sound management of chemicals by 2020 to assist other countries by sharing knowledge, experience and best practices.

Chemicals 4. We commend the increased coordination and cooperation among chemicals and waste conventions, namely the Basel Convention, the Rotterdam Convention and the Stockholm Convention, and encourage [enhanced- US check] coordination and cooperation among them and with SAICM. We take note of the important role of the Basel Convention regional and coordinating centers and the Stockholm Convention regional and sub-regional centers.

Note: Para. 4 pending consideration of possible additional language.

Chemicals 5. We commend existing and call for continued, new and innovative public-private partnerships among industry, governments, academia and other non-governmental stakeholders aiming to enhance capacity and technology for environmentally sound chemicals and waste management, including for waste prevention. [agreed ad ref]

Chemicals 6. We recognize the importance of adopting a life-cycle approach and of further development and implementation of policies for resource efficiency and environmentally sound waste management. [We therefore commit to further reduce, reuse and recycle waste (3Rs) as well as to increase energy recovery from waste and to encourage reduced landfill so that by 2030, the majority of waste globally is managed as a resource. By 2030 the level of landfilling should be significantly reduced.-EU] Solid wastes, such as electronic waste and plastics, pose particular challenges which should be addressed. We call for the development and enforcement of comprehensive national and local waste management policies, strategies, laws and regulations.

Chemicals 7. Deleted and concept merged with para. 6.

Chemicals 8. We urge countries [and other stakeholders- US delete] to take all possible measures to prevent the unsound management of hazardous wastes and their illegal dumping, particularly in countries where the capacity to deal with these wastes is limited, in a manner consistent with obligations under relevant international instruments. [In this context, we welcome the decision taken at the 10^th COP of the Basel Convention. –US, Japan, Canada, NZ delete]

Chemicals 9. We recognize the importance of science-based assessment of the risks posed by chemicals to human beings and the environment, and of reducing human exposure to hazardous chemicals. We encourage the development of environmentally sound and safer alternatives to hazardous chemicals in products and processes. To this end, we encourage, inter alia, life-cycle assessment, public information, extended producer responsibility, research and development, sustainable design and knowledge sharing, as appropriate. [We further encourage cooperation among countries in this regard as well as on transboundary air pollution through utilizing scientific knowledge effectively. – G77 check]

Note: Para. 12 merged into para. 9 by addition of the final few words.

Chemicals 10. We [note - G77 / welcome - EU, Canada, US, Switzerland, Japan] the ongoing negotiating process on a global legally binding instrument on mercury [to address the risks to human health and the environment and reaffirm the aim of achieving a successful outcome of the negotiations by 2013– G77 bracket].

Chemicals 11. We recognize that the phase-out of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is resulting in rapid increase in the use and release of high global warming potential hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to the environment. [We support a gradual phase-down in the consumption and production of HFCs-G77 bracket][under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer – US retain].

[Chemicals 11. bis We welcome the Consultative Process on Financing Options for Chemicals and Waste, initiated to consider the need for heightened efforts to increase the political priorities accorded to sound management of chemicals and waste and the increased need for sustainable, predictable, adequate and accessible financing for the chemicals and waste agenda. We call for decisions, by the third session of the International Conference on Chemicals Management and 27^th session of the UNEP Governing Council, on the forthcoming proposals by the Executive Director of UNEP. - G77 check; US delete]

Chemicals 12. Deleted and merged with para. 9.

Sustainable Consumption and Production [agreed ad ref]

G77 delete paras 1-7 and retain para 8

SCP 1. We reaffirm that [sustainable consumption and production (SCP) is one of the overarching objectives of sustainable development, and recognize that – US delete] fundamental changes in the way societies consume and produce are indispensable [to achieving global sustainable development - US]. [We therefore commit to change unsustainable consumption and production patterns, and eventually reach an absolute decoupling of economic growth from natural resource use. - EU; US delete] We acknowledge the wide disparities in consumption levels and patterns between rich and poor and between developed and developing countries. In this regard, all countries should promote sustainable consumption and production patterns, [with developed countries taking the lead and – US delete] with all countries benefiting and learning from that experience so as to move all our societies nearer to a sustainable future for all. We also recognize the need for focused strategies to meet the basic needs of the poorest segments of society.

SCP 2. We [appeal to /invite – US] all States, relevant international organizations, the private sector and all major groups to enhance their efforts to achieve sustainable changes in consumption and production patterns while creating new economic opportunities and decent work, and [securing good/ enhancing – US] living standards [and protection of vulnerable groups – US delete].

SCP 3. We call for an end to wasteful and unsustainable practices in the use and extraction of natural resources. [We therefore commit to significantly improve global resource efficiency, measured by the ratio of GDP to domestic material consumptions and other internationally agreed indicators. – EU; US delete] We intend to improve resource efficiency in relevant economic sectors through accelerated and scaled-up implementation of best practices and techniques and we [commit /endeavour – US] to further develop international cooperation in this regard[, including enhanced capacity building and technical assistance to developing countries – US delete].

SCP 4. We [encourage / call for – EU; US retain] the integration of social and environmental costs in [prices and – US delete] measures of economic activities to inform choices of consumers and producers to help move towards sustainable patterns of production and consumption.

SCP 5. We [encourage/ commit to – EU; US retain] the widespread adoption of sustainable procurement, in both the public and private sectors, based on robust criteria and reliable tools within priority sectors [and consistent with WTO rules – US delete].

SCP 6. We promote the commitment of organizations, corporations and institutions to social and environmental responsibility, inter alia, by encouraging transparency, reporting, and the development and use of [international standards, - US reserve] guidelines and best practices as appropriate.

SCP 7. In order to make sustainable choices more easily available, affordable and attractive to consumers, we commit to promote in consultation with all concerned stakeholders open, transparent, balanced, science-based [and multilateral – US delete] processes for developing product standards and other mechanisms that [fully reflect the impact of /promote sustainable – US] production and consumption, in accordance with the best available technology. We will work with the private sector to ensure that labeling and advertising is accurate and [trustworthy /verifiable – US] so as to provide consumers with the necessary [relevant and useful - US] information to make informed choices.

SCP 8. We [agree to adopt/ pledge to implement – US] the 10-Year Framework of Programmes (10YFP) on sustainable consumption and production (SCP) [as elaborated in CSD 19 - US] [, appended to this Declaration – US delete]. [Furthermore, we encourage contributions to the 10YFP trust fund intended to support developing countries in promoting sustainable consumption and production. – US reserve]

[New EU para. We therefore agree to the following goal and targets:

Goal: Change unsustainable production and consumption patterns and promote sustainable management of natural resources over their life-cycle and eventually reach an absolute decoupling of economic growth from natural resource use with the aim that current and future generations, in particular people in poverty, can meet their needs.

Target: Significantly improve global resource efficiency, measured by the ratio of GDP to Domestic Material Consumption or other internationally agreed relevant indicators on key natural resources.

Target: Increase prevention, reuse, recycling and energy recovery from waste and reduce landfill and the amount of waste generated, so that by 2030 the majority of waste globally is managed as a resource. By 2030 the level of landfilling should be significantly reduced.]

Mining

Mining 1. We acknowledge that minerals and metals make a major contribution to the world economy and modern societies. We note that mining industries are important to all countries with mineral resources, in particular developing countries. We also note that mining offers the opportunity to catalyze broad-based economic development, reduce poverty and assist countries in meeting internationally agreed development goals, including the MDGs, when [managed effectively and properly / properly managed and effectively regulated]. We acknowledge that countries have the sovereign right to develop their mineral resources according to their national priorities and further acknowledge that mining activities should maximize social and economic benefits as well as effectively address negative environmental and social impacts, in line with the Rio principles. In this regard, we recognize that governments need strong capacities to develop, manage, and regulate their mining industries in the interest of sustainable development.

Mining 2. We [call on countries with a mining sector to strengthen / recognize the importance of strong and effective] legal and regulatory frameworks, policies and practices for the mining sector that deliver economic and social benefits and include effective safeguards that reduce social and environmental impacts as well as conserve biodiversity and [ecosystems / maintain ecosystem services]. We call on governments and the mining sector to promote the continuous improvement of accountability and transparency, taking into account industry best practices [and to improve the effectiveness of existing mechanisms and explore with industry and other stakeholders, as appropriate, new ways to prevent [illegally extracted / conflict] minerals from entering supply chains.]

Education [agreed ad ref]

Education 1. We reaffirm our commitments to the right to education and in this regard, we commit to strengthen international cooperation to achieve universal access to primary education, particularly for developing countries. We further reaffirm that full access to quality education at all levels is an essential condition for achieving sustainable development, poverty eradication, gender equality and women’s empowerment as well as human development, for the attainment of the internationally agreed development goals including the Millennium Development Goals, as well as for the full participation of both women and men, in particular young people. In this regard, we stress the need for ensuring equal access to education for persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples, local communities, ethnic minorities and people living in rural areas. [agreed ad ref]

Education 2. We recognize that the younger generations are the custodians of the future, as well as the need for better quality and access to education beyond the primary level. We therefore resolve to improve the capacity of our education systems to prepare people to pursue sustainable development, including through enhanced teacher training, the development of curricula around sustainability, the development of training programmes that prepare students for careers in fields related to sustainability, and more effective use of information and communication technologies to enhance learning outcomes. We call for enhanced cooperation among schools, communities and authorities in efforts to promote access to quality education at all levels. [agreed ad ref]

Education 3. We emphasize the importance of greater international cooperation to improve access to education including through building and strengthening education infrastructure, increasing investment in education particularly investment to improve the quality of education for all in developing countries. We encourage international educational exchanges and partnerships, including the creation of fellowships and scholarships to help achieve global education goals. [agreed ad ref]

Education 3 bis. We resolve to promote Education for Sustainable Development and to integrate sustainable development more actively into education beyond the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). [agreed ad ref]

Education 4. We urge educational institutions to adopt good practice and to enlist the active participation of all students, teachers and other staff, their local partners and other stakeholders in setting an example of sustainability on their campuses and in their communities. We encourage educational institutions to teach sustainable development as an integrated component across disciplines. General agreement

Education 5. We underscore the importance of supporting educational institutions, especially higher educational institutions in developing countries, to carry out research and innovation for sustainable development, including in the field of education, to develop quality and innovative programmes, including entrepreneurship and business skills training, professional, technical, vocational training and lifelong learning, geared to bridging skills gaps for advancing national sustainable development objectives. [agreed ad ref]

Gender equality and women’s empowerment

Gender 1. We reaffirm women’s vital role and full and equal participation and leadership in all areas of sustainable development, and decide to accelerate the implementation of our respective commitments in this regard as contained in the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) as well as Agenda 21, the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and the Millennium Declaration. [Agreed ad ref]

Gender 2. We recognize that, although progress on gender equality has been made in some areas, the potential of women to engage in, contribute to and benefit from sustainable development as leaders, participants and agents of change has not been fully realised due, inter alia, to persistent social, economic, and political inequalities. We support prioritizing measures to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment in all spheres of our societies, including the removal of barriers to their full and equal participation in decision-making and management at all levels, and we emphasize the impact of setting specific targets and implementing temporary measures, as appropriate, for substantially increasing the number of women in leadership positions, with the aim of achieving gender parity. [Agreed ad ref]

Gender 3. We resolve to unlock women’s potential as drivers of sustainable development, including through the repeal of discriminatory laws and removal of formal barriers, ensuring equal access to justice and legal support, the reform of institutions to ensure competence and capacity for gender mainstreaming and the development and adoption of innovative and special approaches, to address informal, harmful practices that act as barriers to gender equality. In this regard, we commit to creating an enabling environment for improving the situation of women and girls everywhere, particularly in rural areas and local communities and among indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities.

[Agreed ad ref]

Gender 4. We commit to actively promote the collection, analysis and use of gender sensitive indicators and sex disaggregated data in policy, programme design and monitoring frameworks, in accordance with national [legislations and – G77] capacities, in order to deliver on the promise of sustainable development for all.

Gender 5. We are committed to women’s equal rights and opportunities in political and economic decision-making and resource allocation and to remove any barriers that prevent women from being full participants in the economy. We resolve to ensure full and equal rights and access of women to productive resources through the rights to own property, inheritance, credit and to financial and extension services along the entire value chain. [G77, EU, Iceland, Norway reserve]

Gender 5 bis We are committed to ensure the equal access of women and girls to education, basic services, economic opportunities and health care services, including addressing women’s sexual and reproductive health [and their reproductive rights, – G77 reserves] and ensuring universal access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable modern methods of family planning. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to fully implement the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development. [Holy See reserve]

[Gender 5 ter We recognize that gender equality and the effective participation of women are important for effective action on all aspects of climate change. - G77 delete; US reserves; Iceland, Norway, EU– agree to bracket pending inclusion in the climate change section];

Gender 6. We support the work of the UN system, including UN Women, in promoting and achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment in all aspects of life, including with respect to the linkages between gender equality and women’s empowerment and the promotion of sustainable development. We support UN Women leading, coordinating and promoting the accountability of the UN system in this regard. [Agreed ad ref]

Gender 7. We invite donors, international organizations including the UN System organizations, as well as IFIs, regional banks, major groups and the private sector, to integrate fully gender equality considerations and commitments, and to ensure the participation of women and effective gender mainstreaming in their decision making, programme planning, budgeting, implementation, monitoring and reporting and recognize the important role that international cooperation plays in this regard. [G-77 to revert]

B. Sustainable Development Goals [and Measuring Progress beyond GDP –G77, Australia delete / in a Post-2015 Development Framework –US]

SDG 1. We underscore that the MDGs are a useful tool in focusing achievement of specific development gains as part of a broad development vision and framework for the development activities of the United Nations, for national priority setting and for mobilisation of stakeholders and resources towards common goals. We therefore remain firmly committed to their full and timely achievement. [agreed ad ref]

SDG 2. We recognize that the development of goals could also be useful for pursuing focused and coherent action on sustainable development. We further recognize the importance and utility of a set of sustainable development goals, which are based on Agenda 21 and JPOI, fully respect the Rio Principles, in particular common but differentiated responsibilities, build upon commitments already made, respect international law and contribute to the full implementation of the outcomes of all major Summits in economic, social and environmental fields, taking into account that these goals should ensure a holistic coherence with the goals set out in Agenda 21. These goals should address and incorporate in a balanced way all three dimensions of sustainable development and their inter-linkages These goals should be incorporated and integrated in the United Nations Development Agenda beyond 2015, thus contributing to the achievement of sustainable development and serving as a driver for implementation and mainstreaming of sustainable development in the United Nations system as a whole. The development of these goals should not divert focus or effort from the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. [agreed ad ref]

SDG 5. We also recognize that the goals should address and be focused on priority areas for the achievement of sustainable development. We also underscore that SDGs should be action-oriented, concise and easy to communicate, limited in number, aspirational, global in nature and universally applicable to all countries while taking into account different national realities, capacities and development priorities and respecting national policies and priorities. Implementation should be driven by governments with the involvement of all relevant stakeholders, as appropriate. [agreed ad ref]

[SDG 5 bis. We also recognize that the [goals / SDGs – EU] should address and be focused on priority areas for the achievement of sustainable development [including / which could include –Canada / such as –EU, Japan, Australia, Switzerland, Norway][, inter alia –EU, Japan delete], energy, water, food security [, / and –US] oceans [and sustainable consumption and production – US delete] as well as cross-cutting issues like [equity and –US delete] social inclusion, [decent work, –EU, ROK] rule of law and good governance, gender equality and women’s empowerment. –US reserves; G77 delete para; Norway retain]

[SDG 6. We reiterate our request to the Secretary-General to make recommendations in his annual reports for further steps to realize the United Nations Development Agenda beyond 2015. We further request the Secretary-General to [make recommendations to –EU, ROK] integrate the three dimensions of sustainable development in the United Nations Development Agenda beyond 2015 [and establish a coordinated process / , and to establish and coordinate a process –EU; Switzerland retain] with a view to establishing a set of coherent global goals in 2015. This process should be [a country-driven process guided by the General Assembly and be –EU, US, Switzerland delete] inclusive, transparent, open to participation of all relevant stakeholders, including the UN System, and draw on relevant expert advice and science based evidence. [We also propose that any SDGs be agreed by the UN General Assembly. –EU, Japan, Switzerland delete; US reserves] – G77, Turkey delete para]

[SDG 6 alt. We agree to establish an intergovernmental process on SDGs under the United Nations General Assembly that is inclusive, transparent and open to all stakeholders. The process needs to be coordinated and coherent with the processes considering the post-2015 development agenda. –G77, Turkey]

[SDG 7. We underline that progress towards the SDGs should be measured by [an agreed and appropriate set of / a menu of global –US, Norway] indicators and [assessed on the basis of specific –US delete] targets [that could be differentiated [by countries –EU] depending on [countries’ / their –EU] levels of development and national specificities –US delete]. [We call on the Secretary-General of the United Nations to make recommendations also in this regard. –EU, ROK] –G77 delete para; Turkey, Switzerland retain original text]

[SDG 8. We recognize that there is a need for an integrated and [scientifically-credible / science and evidence-based –EU] global sustainable development report, to support the decision making process at appropriate levels and assist countries in identifying policy options and achieving the agreed SDGs. Such an outlook could draw upon and synthesize the elements of existing outlooks produced by various UN and other international institutions, depending on theme, and should foster closer collaboration among them. [In this regard, we call on the Secretary-General of the United Nations to make proposals for such a report to the UNGA for the subsequent consideration by member States. –US reserves] –G77 delete para; Turkey, Norway retain original text]

[SDG 8 alt. We recognize that there is a need for global, integrated and scientifically-based information on sustainable development. In this regard, we request the relevant bodies of the United Nations System, within their respective mandates, to support regional economic commissions to collect and compile national inputs in order to inform this global effort. We further commit to mobilizing financial resources and capacity building, particularly for the developing countries to achieve this endeavor. –G77]

[SDG 9. We recognize the limitations of GDP as a measure of well-being and sustainable development. As a complement to GDP, we resolve to further develop science-based and rigorous methods of measuring sustainable development, natural wealth and social well-being, including the identification of appropriate indicators for measuring progress. We further [recognize the need to / resolve to –EU, Norway] test and refine these methods [and to introduce them –EU] [[so as to be able / and –EU] to use them effectively in our national decision making systems –US delete] to better inform policy decisions. [In this regard, we recognize the need for appropriate technical support to developing countries to develop the capacity and information to undertake these efforts. –US delete] We request the [Secretary-General / United Nations Statistical Commission –US] to coordinate the further development of such methods with existing efforts and preparation of such indicators in consultation with the UN System and all other relevant organisations, having regard to the UN system of economic and environmental accounts. -EU, US, Australia, Iceland, Norway move to Section V. A.; G77 delete para; Turkey retain original text]

VI. Means of implementation [agreed ad ref]

[MOI 1. We reaffirm that national ownership and leadership are indispensable in the development process. There is no one size fits all. We reiterate that each country has primary responsibility for its own economic and social development and that the role of national policies, domestic [resources / resource mobilization –Norway] and development strategies cannot be overemphasized. At the same time, domestic economies are now interwoven with the global economic system and [environment –EU], therefore, an effective use of trade and investment opportunities can help countries to fight poverty. Development efforts at the national level need to be supported by an enabling national and international environment that complements national actions and strategies. – G77 delete]

[MOI 2. We acknowledge that good governance [, human rights, -EU] and the rule of law at the national and international levels are essential for sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth, sustainable development and the eradication of poverty and hunger. – G77 delete]

MOI 3. We reaffirm that the means of implementation identified in Agenda 21, the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, JPOI, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development and the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development are indispensable for achieving full and effective translation of sustainable development commitments into tangible sustainable development outcomes: finance, technology development and [voluntary -US, Canada, Japan] transfer [as /on –US, Canada, Japan] mutually agreed [terms and conditions – US, Canada, Japan], capacity building, [and trade / trade and investment -EU].

MOI 4. We welcome the ongoing efforts to strengthen and support South-South cooperation and triangular cooperation. [We stress that South-South cooperation is not a substitute for, but rather a complement to, North-South cooperation / We stress that all forms of development cooperation are complementary and share common goals and principles –US, Canada]. We also stress that triangular cooperation should be further utilized as an effective modality for development cooperation. -G77 move to section 2; Belarus reserves/move to section 2.

A. Finance [agreed ad ref]

Finance 1. We call on all countries to prioritize sustainable development [in the allocation of resources -G77 delete] in line with national priorities and needs, and we recognize the crucial importance of [increases in the provision of -Canada, US, New Zealand delete] financing from all sources for sustainable development for all countries, in particular developing countries. We recognize the importance of international, regional and national financial mechanisms including those accessible to sub-national and local authorities to implement sustainable development programmes and call for their strengthening and implementation. [We further recognize a role that -EU delete] new partnerships and [promising –US delete] innovative sources of development [finance / financing- EU, Norway, RoK] [can play in / could potentially play in complementing sources of – G77] [ financing / could play a more important role in helping finance -EU, Norway, RoK] [for -G77] sustainable development [and [we -EU, RoK] encourage their [use / exploration –US], as appropriate -G77 delete], alongside the traditional means of implementation.

[Finance 1 bis. We reaffirm that national ownership and leadership of development strategies and good governance are important for effective mobilization of domestic financial resources and fostering sustained fiscal reform, including tax reform, which is key to enhancing macroeconomic policies and mobilizing domestic public resources. Countries should also continue to improve budgetary processes and to enhance the transparency of public financial management and the quality of expenditures. We emphasize the need to enhance tax revenues through modernized tax systems, more efficient tax collection, broadening the tax base and effectively combatting tax evasion. We stress that these efforts should be undertaken with an overarching view to make tax systems more pro-poor. – US (adapted from Monterrey 16)]

[Finance 1 ter. We recognize that for significant international financing to give strong support to the various commitments made in the outcomes of Rio+20, the developed countries agreed to provide new and additional resources exceeding US 30 billion per year from 2013-17 to the developing countries in their efforts toward promotion of sustainable development. –G77; Canada delete]

[Finance 1 quat. We also pledge that for a more sustained and longer-term financial support we agree to enhance the mobilization to US 100 billion per year from 2018 onwards and work towards setting up a financial mechanism, including a possible sustainable development fund. – G77; Canada delete]

Finance 2. We recognize that the fulfilment of all official development assistance commitments is crucial, including the commitments by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of gross national product for official development assistance to developing countries by 2015, as well as a target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of gross national product for official development assistance to least developed countries. [, and urges developed countries that have not yet done so to fulfil their commitments for official development assistance to developing countries. –Canada, US] [To reach their agreed timetables, donor countries should take all necessary and appropriate measures to raise the rate of aid disbursements to meet their existing commitments. We urge those developed countries that have not yet done so to make additional concrete efforts towards the target of 0.7 per cent of gross national product for official development assistance to developing countries, including the specific target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of gross national product for official development assistance to least developed countries in line with their commitments. –Canada, US delete] [We also reaffirm our commitment to double the ODA for Africa ad pledge to undertake timely measures in this regard – G77; US, New Zealand clarify] -New Zealand retain original para

[Finance 2 bis. We stress that the aid architecture has significantly changed over the past 20 years. New aid providers and novel partnership approaches, which utilize new modalities of cooperation, have contributed to increasing the flow of resources. Further, the interplay of development assistance with private investment, trade and new development actors provides new opportunities for aid to leverage private resources flows. We reiterate our support for South-South cooperation, as well as triangular cooperation, which provides much needed additional resources to the implementation of development programmes and acknowledge the role played by middle-income developing countries as providers and recipients of development cooperation. We encourage developing countries in a position to do so to continue to make concrete efforts to increase and make more effective their South-South cooperation initiatives in accordance with the principles of aid effectiveness. –US, Japan (adapted from Monterrey 47 and 49-50)]

Finance 3. [We welcome increasing efforts to improve the quality of ODA and to increase its development impact. The Economic and Social Council Development Cooperation Forum, along with [initiatives such as -EU, New Zealand delete] the High-level Forums on Aid Effectiveness, which produced the 2003 Rome Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, [the -EU, RoK] 2005 Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, the 2008 Accra Agenda for Action, and [the -EU, RoK] 2011 Busan Partnership for Effective Development Co-operation make important contributions to the efforts of those countries which have committed to them, including through the adoption of the fundamental principles of national ownership, alignment, harmonization [inclusive development partnership, transparency, accountability –EU, Norway, RoK] and managing for results. [Continued / We resolve to continue –EU, RoK] building on these initiatives, including through more inclusive and broad-based participation, [will contribute -EU, RoK delete] [to / with the aim of -EU, RoK] enhancing [national / country –US] ownership and making aid delivery more effective and efficient and [lead / leading- EU, RoK] to improved outcomes. We also recognize the need to improve development effectiveness, increase programme-based approaches, use country systems for activities managed by the public sector, reduce transaction costs and improve mutual accountability and transparency and, [in this regard, -Japan delete] [. We call upon all development partners – EU] we call upon all donors to [accelerate their efforts to -Japan] untie aid [to the maximum extent -Japan delete]. We [will [work to -Canada] / encourage development partners to –EU] further make development [cooperation -EU] more effective and predictable by [providing / making efforts to provide –Canada] developing countries with regular and timely, indicative information on planned support in the medium term. We recognize the importance of efforts by developing countries to strengthen leadership of their own development, national institutions, systems and capacity to ensure the best results of effective development by engaging with parliaments and citizens in shaping those policies and deepening engagement with civil society organizations. We should also bear in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all formula that will guarantee development effectiveness. The specific situation of each country needs to be fully considered. – G77 delete and replace with para. 43 of Doha Declaration] - New Zealand supports EU proposals

[Finance 3 alt. The fulfilment of all ODA commitments is crucial, including the commitments by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of GNP for ODA to developing countries by 2015 and to reach the level of at least 0.5 per cent of GNP for ODA by 2010, as well as a target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP for ODA to least developed countries. To reach their agreed timetables, donor countries should take all necessary and appropriate measures to raise the rate of aid disbursements to meet their existing commitments. We urge those developed countries that have not yet done so to make additional concrete efforts towards the target of 0.7 per cent of GNP for ODA to developing countries, including the specific target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP for ODA to least developed countries in line with the Brussels Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2001-2010, in accordance with their commitments. To build on progress achieved in ensuring that ODA is used effectively, we stress the importance of democratic governance, improved transparency and accountability, and managing for results. We strongly encourage all donors to establish, as soon as possible, rolling indicative timetables that illustrate how they aim to reach their goals, in accordance with their respective budget allocation process. We stress the importance of mobilizing greater domestic support in developed countries towards the fulfilment of their commitments, including through raising public awareness, and by providing data on aid effectiveness and demonstrating tangible results. –G77; Canada delete (Doha 43)]

Finance 4. [We urge the provision of financial resources, including through dedicated credit facilities within the IFIs, for the promotion of sustainable development and poverty eradication in developing countries [, in particular the LDCs – G77 delete]. -EU, US delete; RoK reserve]

Finance 5. We recognize that greater coherence and coordination among the various funding mechanisms and initiatives related to sustainable development is crucial. [We [reiterate the importance of ensuring / pledge –G77] that developing countries [shall -G77] have steady and predictable access to adequate financing from all sources to promote sustainable development. / We recognize that the mobilization of financial resources for development from all sources and the effective use of those resources are central to the global partnership for development. These sources include foreign direct investment, domestic investment, domestic revenue generation, trade, private charities, foundations, and remittances. –US, RoK] -New Zealand retain original para

[Finance 6. We recognize that ongoing serious global financial and economic challenges carry the possibility of undoing years of hard work and gains made in relation to [fiscal stability and –EU] the debt of developing countries. [The situation demands the implementation of existing and any future bold and encompassing initiatives and mechanisms to resolve the current debt problems of developing countries, particularly for Africa and the least developed countries, in an effective and equitable manner, including through debt cancellation. – EU delete] We will intensify our efforts to [promote fiscal stability and -EU] prevent debt crises [particularly in Africa and the Least Developed countries -EU] by enhancing international financial mechanisms for crisis prevention and resolution, in cooperation with the private sector, and by finding solutions that are transparent and agreeable to all. We acknowledge the need to continue to address all relevant issues regarding external debt problems, including through [the United Nations, / debt cancellation –EU] and we will consider ways to explore enhanced approaches of sovereign debt restructuring mechanisms based on existing frameworks and principles, [with broad creditors’ and debtors’ participation and ensuring comparable burden-sharing among creditors –RoK delete], with an important role for the Bretton Woods institutions. –US, New Zealand delete para, or reference paras 12 and 13 of RES/66/189 on debt finance]

Finance 7. [We [stress the need for adequate funding / commit to increase the core resources – G77] for the operational activities of the United Nations development system as well as the need to make funding more predictable, effective and efficient as part of wider efforts to mobilize new, additional and predictable resources to achieve the objectives that we have set forth in this declaration. [We reaffirm, in this context, the importance of accountability, transparency and improved results-based management and further harmonized results-based reporting on the work of the United Nations funds and programmes and the specialized agencies. –G77 delete] –EU, US delete] -New Zealand check for duplication in section IV

Finance 8. We welcome the [achievements of the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) over the last twenty years in funding environmental projects. We welcome the –EU, New Zealand] important reform processes that the Global Environment Facility (GEF) has carried out during recent years and we call for its further [strengthening / improvement –US] [[, with regularity in funding flows and reform of governance processes, -EU delete] and encourage the GEF to take additional steps [within its mandate –Norway] to make resources more accessible to meet country needs for the national implementation of their international environmental commitments –US delete]. We support further simplification of procedures and assistance to developing countries, in particular in assisting the least developed countries and SIDS in accessing resources from the GEF, and enhanced coordination with other instruments and programmes focusing on environmentally sustainable development.

Finance 9. [We stress that fighting corruption [and illicit capital flows –Norway, RoK] at both the national and international levels is a priority and that corruption is a serious barrier to effective resource mobilization and allocation and diverts resources away from activities that are vital for poverty eradication, the fight against hunger and sustainable development. We are determined to take urgent and decisive steps to continue to combat corruption [and illicit capital flows –Norway, RoK] in all of its manifestations [and reaffirm our commitment to the UN Convention against Corruption –Norway]. – G77 delete; US, Norway, New Zealand retain]

[Finance 10. We consider that innovative financing mechanisms can make a positive contribution in assisting developing countries to mobilize additional [domestic and external resources –Norway] resources for financing for development on a voluntary basis. [Such financing should supplement and not be a substitute for traditional sources of financing. -RoK delete] While recognizing the considerable progress in innovative sources of financing for development, we call for scaling-up of present initiatives, where appropriate. –US delete; Norway retain] -New Zealand notes repetition in finance 1

Finance 11. We recognize that a dynamic, inclusive well-functioning, socially and environmentally responsible private sector [is a valuable instrument for / has a vital role to play in –EU, New Zealand] generating economic growth and reducing poverty and promoting sustainable development. In order to foster [responsible -EU, Norway] private-sector development, we shall continue to pursue appropriate national policy and regulatory frameworks in a manner consistent with national laws [as well as international agreements and guidelines -EU, Norway] to encourage public and private initiatives, including at the local level, to foster a dynamic and well-functioning business sector, and to facilitate entrepreneurship and innovation including among women, the poor and the vulnerable. [We will work to improve income growth and distribution, inter alia through raising productivity, empowering women and protecting labour rights, and [taxation -Norway / the environment -Australia]. [We recognize that the appropriate role of Government in relation to the promotion and regulation of the private sector will vary from country to country depending on national circumstances. –EU delete] -G77 delete; Norway retain]

B. Technology development [, collaboration –Australia] [and transfer /, innovation and science – US, Canada, Australia] / [Research, innovation and technology development- EU]

Technology 1. We stress the importance of access by all countries [particularly developing countries –G77] to environmentally sound technologies [new knowledge,-US], know-how and expertise, and the importance of cooperative [action on the development and [voluntary -US, Canada] transfer [on mutually agreed terms and conditions -US, Canada] of these technologies / research activities for the development of sustainable solutions- EU]. [We agree to explore modalities for enhanced [market –Switzerland] access [to / for –Switzerland] environmentally sound technologies [[in support of – EU] by developing countries [, while providing incentives and removing disincentives to innovators, including innovators in developing countries, in order to promote research and development. –Australia delete] – Switzerland delete] –US, Japan, Canada delete] [In this regard we seek new flexibilities in the intellectual property rights regime. –G77]

Technology 2. We underline the need for enabling environments for the development, adaptation, and [voluntary -US, Japan, Canada] [dissemination / transfer of –G77] of [sustainable / environmentally sound Australia] technologies [on mutually agreed terms and conditions -US, Japan, Canada]. In this context, we [underscore / note –G77] the role of foreign direct investment and international trade in the transfer of [some -US, Canada; EU G77 delete] environmentally sound technologies. We [support strengthening / engage in our countries as well as through – Switzerland] international cooperation to promote [investment in science, innovation, and technology for sustainable development / such enabling environments –Switzerland].

Technology 3. We recognize the importance of strengthened national, scientific and technological capacities [including in developing countries – Australia] [. / for sustainable development, which can help – EU] [Developing countries [should be enabled- EU delete] to develop their own [new / innovative solutions for sustainable development, including developed -EU] and environmentally sound technologies [[and scientific research- US] with the support of the international community -EU delete]. – Australia delete] To this end, we support building science and technology capacity [with both women and men as contributors and beneficiaries –Iceland], including through collaboration among research institutions, universities, the private sector, governments, non-governmental organizations, and scientists [of developing and developed countries -Australia delete].

[Technology 4. We note that consideration must be given to the role of patent protection and intellectual property rights along with an examination of their impact on the access to and transfer of environmentally sound technology, in particular to developing countries, as well as to further exploring efficiently the concept of assured access for developing countries to environmentally sound technology in its relation to proprietary rights with a view to developing effective responses to the needs of developing countries in this area. – US, EU, Japan, Canada, Australia, Switzerland delete]

[Technology 5. [[We request the competent fora in the UN system to identify options for an appropriate mechanism to facilitate clean technology dissemination to developing countries, consistent with existing patent protection systems and invite the Secretary-General to report to UNGA67 on the options./ We resolve to establish an international mechanism under the General Assembly in order to promote implement, and monitor concrete actions, supported by stable, adequate and predictable financial contributions and focused on bridging the technological gap between the developed and developing countries and facilitating transfer of technology in sustainable development and strengthening national capacities, scientific understanding and technological evaluation in the developing countries –G77] In this regard, we / We Switzerland] note that the UNFCCC technology mechanism, as agreed in Cancun and Durban, and in particular the ongoing implementation of the new global Climate Technology Center and Network, is a highly relevant model for [facilitating - Switzerland / replicating –G77] the development and [voluntary -EU] transfer of sustainable technologies to address the technological needs of developing countries. –US, Japan, Canada delete]

Technology 6. We recognize the importance of space-technology-based data [in situ monitoring –US] and reliable geospatial information for sustainable development policy-making, programming and project operations. In this context, we recognize the efforts [of / in developing global environmental observing systems, including through –US] [the International Steering Committee for Global Mapping, / of –G77] the Global Earth Observation System of Systems, and the Eye on Earth [platform / network -EU]. We recognize the need to support developing countries in their efforts to collect environmental data.

[Technology 7. We agree to explore the possibility to establish a global fund for voluntary contributions by States, civil society and the private sector, to facilitate [voluntary -US, Japan] transfer of environmentally sound technologies [on mutually agreed terms and conditions -US, Japan] [and knowledge sharing -US]. EU, Canada, Switzerland delete; Australia reserve]

Technology 8. We welcome the efforts by governments and stakeholders to [undertake / support –Australia] basic and applied research that contributes to sustainable development and encourage greater links and cooperation to advance these efforts. We [agree to enhance / support -EU / call for enhanced -Australia] international collaborative research to address global challenges by developing solutions that are [accessible to / appropriate for –EU] developing countries, particularly LDCs, including on environmentally sound technologies. We acknowledge the work of existing centres for technology transfer, and encourage the establishment and networking of such centres in developing countries. We also encourage the world’s technology leaders, both public and private, to increase their participation as partners in technology parks and innovation centres worldwide.

Technology 9. We recognize the importance of strengthening international, regional and national capacities in [research and –EU] technology assessment [and where necessary regulatory regimes -US delete], especially in view of the rapid development and possible deployment of new technologies that may also have unintended negative impacts, in particular on biodiversity and health, or other unforeseen consequences.

Technology 10. We recognize the need to facilitate informed policy decision-making on sustainable development issues and in this regard to strengthen the science-policy interface.

Technology 11. [[We resolve, as part of our global commitment to sustainable development, to bridge the technology gap between [developed and developing– Switzerland delete] countries. In this regard, we encourage concrete actions, including through the establishment of an international mechanism supported by stable, adequate and predictable funding, to facilitate transfer of technology as mutually agreed and strengthen national capacities of all countries, in particular developing countries in the area of science and technology. –EU delete] We [further –EU delete] resolve to support existing international centres for technology transfer that facilitate the match between supply and demand for technologies and their appropriate adaptation processes in developing countries. We [further resolve to – EU delete] request relevant UN agencies in particular [WIPO, -Switzerland delete] UNEP and UNIDO to [identify options for a facilitation mechanism that promotes / promote -EU] the dissemination of clean technologies while bearing in mind the consistency with the [international patent protection system –Switzerland / intellectual property rights regime -G77] and relevant regulations. – US, Japan, Canada delete; Mexico retain]

C. Capacity building [and development – Japan, EU]

Capacity 1. We emphasize the need for enhanced capacity building for sustainable development and, in this regard, we call for strengthening technical and scientific cooperation including North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation. We reiterate the importance of human resource development, including training, exchange of experiences and expertise, knowledge transfer and technical assistance for capacity-building, which involves strengthening institutional capacity, including planning, management and monitoring capacities. [agreed ad ref]

Capacity 2. We call for the continued and focused implementation of the UNEP Bali Strategic Plan for Technology Support and Capacity Building. [agreed ad ref] –G77 suggests to move to technology section

Capacity 3. We encourage the participation and representation of men and women scientists and researchers from developing and developed countries in processes related to global environmental and sustainable development assessment and monitoring, with the purpose of enhancing national capabilities and the quality of research for decision- and policy-making processes. [agreed ad ref]

Capacity 4. We invite all relevant agencies of the United Nations system and other relevant international organizations to support developing countries and, in particular, least developed countries in capacity-building [and development –Japan, EU] for developing resource-efficient and inclusive economies, including through:

(a) Sharing sustainable practices in various economic sectors;

(b) [Disseminating various tools for compiling or undertaking natural resources inventories and assessments and developing sustainable resource management systems; -G77 reserve]

(c) Enhancing [knowledge and -US] capacity to integrate disaster risk reduction and resilience into development plans;

(d) [Supporting [North-South, –G77] South-South and triangular cooperation for the transition to a resource efficient economy; and

(e) Promoting public-private partnerships. -G77 reserve]

[Capacity 5. We urge all countries to [increase / provide –Canada, US] financial, technological, and capacity-building [and development –Japan, EU] support to developing countries for undertaking effective adaptation strategies as a priority, in view of their vulnerability to the adverse impacts of climate change, land degradation, drought, desertification, and natural disasters. –G77 delete]

D. Trade [agreed ad ref]

- G77 streamline section into 1 or 2 paras: refer to flexibilities provided for in WTO rules; resisting protectionist measures; high-level support to the conclusion of the Doha trade development agenda; special and differential treatment; focus on capacity building; recognize that trade is an engine for sustained economic growth and development.

Trade 1. We reaffirm that international trade is an engine for inclusive and sustained growth and [to promote sustainable –Switzerland, Mexico] development. We further reaffirm that a [well-functioning, –US] universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory [and equitable –Canada delete] multilateral trading system, as well as meaningful trade liberalization [that includes addressing non-tariff measures where they may act as unnecessary trade barriers, – Australia, New Zealand, Switzerland delete] can substantially stimulate development worldwide, benefiting all countries at all stages of development. –Mexico support original language

Trade 2. We reaffirm the importance of increasing market access [particularly –New Zealand, Switzerland] for developing countries' products and services [, and in this regard we /. We –US] [emphasize the need to resist protectionist tendencies and to [rectify –RoK / address- Australia, New Zealand] any trade-distorting measures [already taken – RoK / especially those affecting developing countries, including tariff, non-tariff and other barriers to trade, in particular agricultural subsidies. This should include any measures or policies – Australia, New Zealand] that are inconsistent with World Trade Organization rules, recognizing the right of countries to fully utilize their flexibilities consistent with their World Trade Organization [commitments / rights – New Zealand] and obligations [or agreements –New Zealand] / fully recognize WTO rights and obligations of Members and affirm the commitment to firmly resist protectionism in all its forms– Japan]. In this regard, we [call on / encourage –US] the World Trade Organization in cooperation with the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and other relevant institutions [, within their respective mandates, –US, Australia, New Zealand] to monitor all forms of protectionism [and assess their impact, particularly on developing countries –US, Australia, New Zealand, Japan delete]. – Norway retain original language

Trade 3. We [urge the members of the WTO to / resolve to – EU, Canada, Norway] redouble [their / our –EU, Canada, Norway] efforts to achieve an ambitious, balanced, and development-oriented conclusion to the Doha Development Agenda taking into account the central importance of the development dimension in every aspect of the Doha Development Agenda work programme and its commitment to making the development dimension a meaningful reality. We further call for the full implementation of the 2005 WTO Hong Kong Ministerial Declaration.

Trade 4. We [emphasize that / stress our common interests –EU, Canada] all WTO Members have an interest in ensuring very swift progress in the multilateral trade negotiations to facilitate outcomes, while respecting the principles of transparency and inclusiveness. We underscore the importance of ensuring the meaningful and full participation of developing countries, especially the least developed countries, in multilateral trade negotiations. In particular, developing countries need assistance in order to participate effectively in the WTO work programme and negotiation process through the enhanced cooperation of all relevant stakeholders.

Trade 5. We reaffirm that there is an ongoing need for the international economic and financial institutions and regional organizations in accordance with their mandates to work together, especially through trade capacity building and facilitation, to ensure that developing countries, particularly the least developed countries [and landlocked developing countries –Kazakhstan], are able to benefit from the advantages of the multilateral trade system and their integration into global markets. [Achieving the positive impact of trade / Trade– New Zealand] liberalization [on developing countries will also depend to a significant extent on international support for / must be complemented by – New Zealand] appropriate action and strategies at the national level for the expansion of productive capacities, the development of human resources and basic infrastructure, the absorption of technology and the implementation of adequate social safety nets. [Achieving the positive impact of trade liberalization on developing countries will also depend on a significant extent on international support for the above measures and actions against policies and practices that distort trade. –New Zealand] –G77 merge with para 7; Norway retain original language

[Trade 6. We recognize the need to mobilize adequate and predictable funding for Aid for Trade, including through the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-related Technical Assistance to Least Developed Countries. We also recognize the [need for / importance of supporting –EU] additional measures to support the supply and export capacities of developing countries, in particular the LDCs. –Canada reserve]

Trade 7. We request relevant international and regional organizations to strengthen support for trade facilitation and capacity building activities aimed at assisting developing countries, particularly the LDCs [and the LLDCs –Kazakhstan], in identifying and seizing new trade-related opportunities related to sustainable development and poverty eradication, with particular attention given to enabling women entrepreneurs and SMEs to participate in, and benefit from local, subregional, regional and global supply chains and markets. –G77 merge with para 5

[Trade 8. We acknowledge the need to [continue / increase our efforts in the – EU, Canada, Australia] WTO negotiations on liberalization of trade in environmental goods and services [which should / and the relationship between WTO and MEAs in order to –Switzerland] enhance the mutual supportiveness of trade, environment and development. –G77 delete]

[Trade 9. We commit to take action, [where appropriate, - Australia, New Zealand delete] to [[phase out / get substantial reductions of –Canada, Japan, Norway] subsidies [that are market distorting [and / or –New Zealand] / that could – Canada, Japan] inhibit / gradually eliminate environmentally harmful subsidies that are incompatible with –EU; G77 delete] sustainable development, [taking into account the [specific conditions and – Australia delete] different levels of development of individual countries –EU delete]. We affirm the need for accompanying targeted measures to protect the poor and vulnerable groups. [We call on the WTO and UNCTAD to continue to monitor the situation within their respective mandates and in cooperation with UNEP and other relevant international organizations to assess progress in this endeavour. – EU; Canada reserve] –US, G77 delete; Australia, Japan, Norway reserve; New Zealand retain; Switzerland, Mexico retain original language]

[E. Registry of commitments –G77 delete; US retain]

[Registry 1. We welcome the commitments voluntarily entered into at Rio +20 and throughout 2012 by [Governments, -US; EU delete] [all – US delete] stakeholders and networks of stakeholders to implement concrete policies, plans, programs, projects and actions to promote sustainable development and poverty [reduction / eradication –EU], including through a green economy approach. We invite the Secretary-General to compile these commitments [and facilitate access to other registries that have compiled commitments, US, Kazakhstan] in an internet-based registry [and promote coordination and collaboration –Kazakhstan]. The [registry /registries –US] should make information about the commitments fully transparent and accessible to the public, to provide an accountability framework, and it should encourage periodic updates on the implementation of commitments. –G77 delete; US retain]

*Based on a proposal by Peru, Guatemala, Indonesia, China, Cuba, Bolivia, India, Singapore, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, Thailand, Saudi Arabia, Philippines, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Iran, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Iraq, Colombia, SyrianArabRepublic.

Nota publicada por cortesía de los miembros de [earth] - Earth in Brackets.

¿Qué hace Colombia en Rio+20?: intenta producir un resultado tangible

2012-06-13T21:36:00.001-07:00

By Maria Alejandra Escalante

No recuerdo la última vez que Colombia, como delegación representativa, tuvo un papel significativo en algún encuentro de negociaciones intergubernamentales en la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU). Colombia, país denominado como en `vía de desarrollo` (en muchos aspectos un término cierto dadas las condiciones de vida de la mayoría de la población), ha hecho parte del amplio grupo G77 desde la creación de esta institución internacional. Vale admitir que el G77, incluso sabiendo que incluye el número más grande de países miembros dentro de la ONU, tiene un poder de decisión inferior y limitado frente a lo que la Unión Europea o los Estados Unidos quieran demandar, ceder y acceder dentro de este marco institucional; esto no es un secreto, tal vez sea una de las grandes fallas de este sistema.

Mi memoria falla, mi conocimiento no es absoluto y quizás sea tiempo de admitir, también, que para el esperado Rio+20, la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible, la posición de Colombia ha sido inusualmente participativa y propositiva a nivel internacional y nacional. Tanto así que escuchar hablar sobre los procesos y preparaciones a Alicia Lozano, miembra de la delegación oficial en la Conferencia, genera un incipiente dejo de orgullo en el aire. Es un orgullo que se basa en dos hechos: saber que el gobierno colombiano se ha preocupado y ha analizado los problemas más cruciales que amenazan a la existencia del planeta Tierra y sus miles de organismos vivientes que lo habitan (esto es inusual, repito. Muchas veces los problemas internos son tan demandantes que queda poco tiempo y pocos recursos para concentrarse en hazañas más intrincadas), y tener en cuenta que su propuesta puede ser el único resultado tangible de la Cumbre de la Tierra 2012, lo que sería una pequeña victoria para todos los involucrados en el proceso en diferentes niveles.

En Febrero de 2011 Colombia propuso incluir dentro de la agenda de negociaciones para Rio los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS). No ha sido fácil convencer a los delegados que aparte de los dos temas decididos a discutir, la economía verde en el contexto de la erradicación de pobreza y desarrollo sostenible y el marco institucional global para el medio ambiente, es de gran relevancia plantear con claridad cuáles son las tan esperadas metas de esta conferencia. Estas negociaciones son exhaustivas (que lo confirmen mis amigos que han asistido a varias) y proponer más puntos por los cuales discutir no es bien recibido. A mi me cuesta trabajo convencerme de que la creación de otro texto más largo, complejo y repetitivo puede ser más efectivo que reforzar los principios y tratados que ya se han construido en el pasado, como los Obejtivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, los Principios de Rio o Agenda 21. A esto, Alicia Lozano responde ¨Despues de 20 años hay que reavivar el compromiso politico. Es importante porque materiliza la postura de Colombia frente al desarrollo sostenible¨; y si esto es cierto, y si gracias a la producción de los ODS los colombianos van a tener una fuente legítima en la cual basarse para exigir del gobierno dichos compromisos, entonces esta propuesta puede ser válida para Colombia y para el resto de naciones que la secundan.

Ahora mismo los ODS hacen parte del borrador del Futuro que Queremos gracias al apoyo de gobiernos como el de Perú y Emiratos Árabes, entre otros, y se encuentran en la Sección V – Marco de Acción y Seguimiento del mismo. Los ODS tienen la virtud de realmente integrar los tres principios por los que camina el desarrollo sostenible: social, económico y ambiental. Son objetivos que deberán ser aplicados universalmente, aunque serán adaptables a las circuntancias particulares. Por ende, son objetivos que se deberán implementar a nivel nacional y regional para que así se acelere la ejecución de las acciones necesarias para alcanzarlos. Son complementarios a los Objetivos del Milenio y comparten la característica con éstos de no ser ataduras legales para los gobiernos. La erradicación de la pobreza es la meta fundamental en la que se enfocan y contribuyen todos los ODS.

A nivel nacional y como marco de preparación para Rio+20, el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y el Departamento Nacional de Planeación crearon una plataforma de participación junto con el sector privado y la sociedad civil para construir los planteamientos básicos de los ODS.
Esta iniciativa surgió apartir de un análisis crítico de la situación socioeconómica y ambiental de Colombia principalmente, y del mundo en segundo lugar. Al ver las cifras de deforestación, de crecimiento de población y de migración a las ciudades en términos globales, hechos clarividentes de una pronta destrucción, el Ministerio de Ambiente se preocupó, por fin, por los efectos directos en Colombia. A pesar de que el territorio colombiano es privilegiado por su alta biodiversidad, sus numerosas fuentes hídricas y su multiculturalismo (comunidades indígenas y afrocolombianas, por ejemplo), ¨tenemos una alta riqueza mal manejada¨ dice Alejandra Torres por parte de la Cancillería y el Ministerio de Ambiente. Y esto, el no saber organizar un país para que aproveche lo más sosteniblemente posible sus recursos, trae amenazas como la desertificación y el descongelamiento de los nevados, entre muchos otros problemas.

Teniendo esta visión sobre la posición de Colombia ante el deterioro de la naturaleza a nivel global, el gobierno decidió unir fuerzas para crear e impulsar los ODS en Rio+20. Se convocaron talleres y eventos en universidades y entidades privadas para hablar específicamente de temas relevantes a Rio+20 como la economía verde o las aplicaciones del acordado Protocolo de Montreal.

Los ODS se refieren puntualmente a temas relevantes dentro del marco de un desarrollo sostenible. Se habla, entre otros puntos clave, de seguridad alimenticia, mas no de autonomía alimenticia. De gestionar integralmente el acceso y el consumo de agua para evitar el completo deterioro de los recursos hídricos. De asegurar que la población esté proveída de energía limpia. De elevar el nivel de vida en las ciudades sin comprometer la estabilidad del ambiente. De modificar los patrones exageradamente consumistas e insostenibles de producción y consumo,

Sobre esta base se desarrollaron propuestas y preguntas que giran alrededor de la energía sostenible, los oceános, la seguridad alimenticia y el agua como derecho humano. Así se construyeron los ODS que propuso Colombia ante las demás naciones miembros de la ONU. Los aportes de la sociedad civil fueron esenciales lo cual, para mi, eleva el valor de este documento que al ser escrito ha tenido en cuenta la condición de aquellos más vulnerables y más propensos a ser afectados por las decisiones (o la falta de ellas) que se tomen en Rio.

Colombia se ha movido dentro del juego diplómatico internacional hasta el momento, sin embargo las expectativas de la delegación sobre la conferencia son bajas. Se cree que los resultados de la conferencia en general serán insuficientes para la gravedad de la condición del planeta hoy en día y que el compromiso político será leve, como siempre, para llegar a un verdadero desarrollo sostenible. Por esto, Colombia invierte sus energías en sacar adelante los ODS, para que éstos sean escuchados por los países desarrollados que se niegan a darle un apoyo incondicional y transparente al desarrollo sostenible. Claramente no es una labor fácil para un país que no tiene los recursos financieros para apoyar económicamente esta propuesta, si es que se requiriera, pero al menos la voluntad existe.

Una vez termine Rio+20 se piensa recolectar los resultados (precarios o no) tanto de la cumbre de la sociedad civil que ha empezado el pasado 10 de junio, como de la conferencia como tal. Se planea hablar con alcaldes y gobernadores para implementar estos resultados lo antes posible a nivel nacional.

Ver activa a la delegación colombiana en el ámbito político internacional es sorprendente. Ahora, a mi aún me quedan dudas e interrogantes. ¿cómo serán los ODS llevados acabo si los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio, por ejemplo, están lejos de ser alcanzados? y ¿cómo hará un país de escazos recursos económicos para implementar dichos resultados sin el posible apoyo de la comunidad internacional que parece enredarse cada vez más en sus propias contradicciones y relegar el hecho de que países como Colombia sí necesitan más que palabras de apoyo para salir adelante? De las pocas esperanzas que guardo es que la delegación colombiana no se conforme con lo que ha logrado hasta ahora, porque es el conformismo, casi enfermizo, el que nos ha tenido estancados por tanto tiempo.

*Nota 1: entre el 6 y 9 de junio se celebró la Feria Internacional del Medio Ambiente en Bogotá. Allí fue donde tuve la oportunidad de escuchar a Alicia Lozano y Alejandra Torres, las dos parte de la delegación colombiana en Rio+20, en un foro abierto acerca de este evento.

*Nota 2: al final del foro, Luis, un estudiante líder de la delegación colombiana bajo el Grupo Mayoritario de Niños y Jóvenes que estaba listo para asistir a Rio+20, reveló la falta de apoyo por parte del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible incluso después de varias cartas de comunicación. Probablemente no habrá delegación colombiana de jóvenes en Rio+20 por fatla de financiación. Las contradicciones de este país a veces son exasperantes.

*Nota 3: los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible para Rio+20 pueden encontrarse directamente en la página del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible de Colombia – http://www.minambiente.gov.co/documentos/DocumentosInstitucional/rio_20/150512_propuesta_colombia_emiratos.pdf.

Nota publicada por cortesía de los miembros de [earth] - Earth in Brackets.

No Responses — Written on June 12, 2012 — Filed in Beyond the Negotiations, Rio+20, Sustainable Development — Colombia,Maria Alejandra Escalante, Rio+20, Sustainable development

El Color de la Economía

2012-06-13T21:33:00.000-07:00

Por Khristian Méndez

Tendemos a adherir la palabra “Verde” al nombre de productos para caracterizarlos como(de) “Ecológicos” o más amigables con el medio ambiente, y promoverlos como tales. Esta verdad aplica también a la Economía Verde.

La idea de una “Economía Verde” fue creada como respuesta a la crisis ambiental que muchas personas e instituciones alrededor del mundo aún se reúsan reconocer. Corresponde a una “triple línea de fondo” que incluye aspectos sociales, económicos, y ambientales. Estos tres temas se consideran la base de cualquier esfuerzo que tiene la sostenibilidad como meta. Debido a que “Economía Verde” es un término muy vago (ambas palabras tienen significados múltiples dependiendo del contexto), deduje que debe estar relacionado con términos como Tecnología Verde. Por lo tanto ¿es la Economía Verde una economía más amigable con el medio ambiente?

La Comisión sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible (creada en 1992) tendrá en lugar de su vigésima reunión, una reunión intergubernamental llamada Río+20, donde la Economía Verde es uno de los dos temas principales a discutir. Cada país miembro de la Organización de Naciones Unidas (ONU) y cinco grupos políticos, entre otras entidades, presentaron sus declaraciones sobre su posición respecto a la Economía Verde.

¿Qué piensan los gobiernos de nuestros países sobre la Economía Verde? ¿Están de acuerdo entre si?

Hay muchas definiciones distintas sobre la Economía Verde, y no entendía realmente como se relacionaban conmigo, ni con el desarrollo sostenible, así que decidí comenzar con algo familiar. Entonces leí lo que el gobierno de Guatemala, mi gobierno, propone para la Conferencia Sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible (CDS), y me quedé satisfecho con su interpretación de la idea:

“Economía que busca generar procesos de producción y consumo sostenibles (transformación de métodos de producción y los patrones de consumo) mediante actividades que utilizan los recursos renovables a una tasa menor que su velocidad de regeneración, compensado la pérdida de recursos no renovables con sustitutos renovables, limitando la contaminación dentro de la resiliencia natural, donde hay compromisos eficientes por mantener la estabilidad y mejora de los sistemas ambientales (ecosistemas), favoreciendo la justicia social intra e intergeneracional.”

El gobierno chapín (o “Guatemalteco”, si no sos de Guate) también declara que existe una diferencia entre el ideal de una Economía Verde, y el proceso de “enverdecer” la economía – un punto que es importante resaltar porque clarifica el asunto, y distingue el proceso de los resultados.

Intentando recabar más información, fui a buscar la posición de un país que me acogió por algunos años, y compartió algunos de sus secretos conmigo: la India. Es uno de los países “en vías de desarrollo” del que considero entender algo más allá de las fotos del National Geographic. Pongo la frase “en vías de desarrollo” entre comillas, porque de veras no me gusta el estándar de vida que perpetuamos al utilizar los adjetivos “desarrollado” y “en vías de desarrollo” para caracterizar a distintos países: hacen que la idea del “desarrollo sostenible” sea un oxímoron. Quería ver cuáles son las perspectivas del gobierno Indio sobre la Economía Verde, y sentí que algo se dividía dentro de mi mente cuando leí su definición:

“La economía verde es un concepto dinámico que infunde cada acción tomada hacia erradicar la pobreza con sostenibilidad, enverdeciendo así la economía mientras nos desarrollamos económicamente, socialmente, y ambientalmente”

…

[El proceso de la Economía Verde] está relacionado directamente con las prioridades predominantes para los países en desarrollo como erradicación de pobreza, seguridad alimentaria, acceso universal a servicios energéticos modernos, salud pública, desarrollo de recursos humanos y generación de empleos. Como tal, la Economía Verde debería ser visto como uno de los medios para lograr estas prioridades predominantes y fundamentales, y no como un fin en sí mismo.

Esta definición tiene un enfoque casi completo en la erradicación de la pobreza (un problema que afecta a una porción considerable de nuestra raza. Curiosamente, éste es un problema que afecta sólo a los humanos y no al resto de las formas de vida en el planeta). El gobierno Indio también expresa preocupación por otros problemas que son productos de desigualdades estructurales, y simplemente hacen una mención superficial sobre sostenibilidad. La posición de la India en relación a la Economía Verde está intentando responder a los problemas de desigualdad estructural en sistemas humanos, sin tener en cuenta sus consecuencias en el resto de la biósfera.

Después, para buscar una tercera perspectiva que sabía que diferiría más con estas dos de lo que India y Guatemala difieren entre sí, fui al país que después de algunas molestias me dio la bienvenida a su extenso territorio: los Estados Unidos.

Tristemente, los sucesores del Tío Abe decidieron no definir con claridad lo que ellos conciben com la Economía Verde. En su lugar, proceden a dar un bosquejo de los procesos que consideran demandan este enfoque, como la Urbanización.

Este es el primer párrafo del texto de posición que Estados Unidos presentó a la CDS en donde se menciona la Economía Verde:

La Administración Obama a colocado una base fuerte y una trayectoria para aumentar la sustentabilidad y para construir una economía verde en casa y en el extranjero. Nuestra Política de Desarrollo Global reconoce que el desarrollo sostenible ofrece una promesa de crecimiento a largo plazo, inclusivo y duradero que se construya sobre responsabilidad, efectividad, eficiencia, coordinación, e innovación. Río+20 debería buscar hacer que los gobiernos alrededor del mundo sean más transparentes y accesibles para interesar a los ciudadanos y ciudadanas, y construir nuevas redes a través de todos los sectores de nuestras sociedades. El rol de las mujeres y la juventud también es fundamental para asegurar un desarrollo sostenible.

Estados Unidos no necesita definir “la Economía Verde” en sí, porque puede valerse de la definición convencional e intuitiva de la que hablé al principio. Y, con esa definición en mente (una economía más amigable con el medio ambiente), todo lo que Estados Unidos describe en su texto, ¡tiene sentido! Desde mejorar el Medio Ambiente Natural, Institucional y Construido, las soluciones de Estados Unidos suenan geniales.

Sin embargo, lo que en realidad reventó la burbuja para mí, fue considerar las dos definiciones anteriores que había leído, y recordar de dónde vienen los enfoques de Guatemala y de India: una relación desigual de poder con los países como los Estados Unidos, un contexto de desigualdad estructural, y poder político considerablemente menor que el de los países “desarrollados”.

El sociólogo venezolano Edgardo Lander señala en su ensayo: La Economía Verde: el lobo se viste con piel de cordero.

“Correspondiendo a la lógica “light” que caracteriza a la mayor parte de los documentos de este tipo, en este informe se obvian por completo todos los asuntos más polémicos creando así una ficción de un mundo que no opera en base a intereses, sino sobre la posibilidad de construcción de consensos que beneficien a todos.”

Lander se refiere al documento Hacia una economía Verde, presentado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente (PNUMA), pero su argumento puede extenderse a otros documentos de la ONU.

Todavía no tenemos soluciones para estas desigualdades tanto económicas como de poder. Sin embargo, intentar implementar una nueva economía de cualquier color (como la Economía Azul que propone Australia que toma más en cuenta los océanos) será difícil si estas economías intentan solucionar problemas que son producto de procesos que no han sido reconocidos y considerados. Éste será uno de nuestros mayores desafíos en Río+20.

Nota publicada por cortesía de los miembros de [earth] - Earth in Brackets.

No Responses — Written on May 31, 2012 — Filed in Beyond the Negotiations, Rio+20, Sustainable Development

Vote: Rio+20 Dialogue recommendations, open for voting!!

2012-06-06T14:40:00.000-07:00

Dear all,

We are very pleased to announce that the 100 most supported recommendations for sustainable development from the Rio+20 online Dialogues (10 recommendations per topic) are now accessible to the public at http://vote.riodialogues.org/.

We encourage you to visit the site now and vote for the recommendations that you consider to be the most important!

Your votes will inform which recommendations for sustainable development are presented to the heads of state at the Rio+20 Conference in Rio de Janeiro at the end of June.

10,000+ participants from 206 countries took part in the lively discussions in 10 Dialogues that generated 843 recommendations, garnering 11842 indications of support.

Please tell your colleagues, friends, family, networks and community to visit http://vote.riodialogues.org/ and "Vote for the Future We Want." But be quick, voting closes June 15th 2012.

Saba, Kiara and Ivana


	Rio+20 Dialogues Source: vote.riodialogues.org I just voted for the future I want! Have you? #Riovote #Futurewewant

Google+ Hangout with Executive Coordinator of Rio+20 (Google + Hangout con el Coordinador Ejecutivo de Río +20)

2012-05-30T05:43:00.003-07:00

Dear friends,

It is a great pleasure to announce that a Google+ Hangout with Executive Coordinator of Rio+20 Mr Lalonde, will be organized on Friday June 1st, from10:30am to 11:15am (EST).

Following up on Google+ Hangout with the United Nations Secretary General that took place last April, Executive Coordinator Mr Lalonde will "hangout" with young people worldwide to answer their questions on the next UN Rio+20 Summit (Rio de Janeiro, 20-22 June).

With only a few weeks left before the Rio+20 Summit, this Hangout will allow youth to further engage in the discussion on the Future We Want. This event will be an opportunity to highlight the commitment of young people to sustainable development and how their ideas can be heard by the Head of States in Rio with recommendations from the"Sustainable Development Dialogues" (Rio de Janeiro, 16-19 June,www.riodialogues.org).

All the details will be sent shortly about this discussion online. We invite you to save the date and invite the youth to join the discussion. A few persons will be sorted out to directly ask questions to the Executive Coordinator.

Feel free to share this broadly. Please email Claire Vancauwemberge at
All the details will be sent shortly about this discussion online. We invite you to save the date and invite the youth to join the discussion. A few persons will be sorted out to directly ask questions to the Executive Coordinator.

Feel free to share this broadly. Please email Claire Vancauwemberge atvancauwemberge@un.org if you wish to participate.

Best,

Claire Vancauwemberge
Office of Executive Coordinator Mr. Lalonde
UN Conference Rio+20
Room DC2-0956
2 UN Plaza East 44th st
New York, NY 10017, USA
tel: +1 917 367 5533
email: vancauwemberge@un.org

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12 de Agosto #DiaInternacionaldelaJuventud

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Colombia nominada a los MTV Millennial Awards 2013

The 5th Annual International Environmental Summit Is Open for Applications!

China Youth Climate Action Network Newsletter

The 5th annual International Youth Summit on Energy and Climate Change is now accepting applications!

Click Here to Apply and Join Us for 3 days of Excitement!

Again, Don't forget to CLICK HERE and save yourself a seat for this green festival!

Ley 1622 del 29 de Abril de 2013 "Estatuto de Ciudadanía Juvenil"

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En twitter: #unahorapara seguir siendo líderes por el Planeta. Ponle la camiseta a tu perfil en las redes sociales: http://twibbon.com/support/unahorapara-2/twitter

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¿Por qué y para qué los/as jóvenes participan en política?

Encuentro Distrital Jóvenes Indígenas, Bogotá 05 de Julio de 2012

Bring the Future Back in the Text!

Más allá de Río +20: un movimiento juvenil mundial para el desarrollo sostenible

The Future We Want

- Ongoing process on Social protection floor within the International Labour Organization, and in particular the Preparations for the June 2012 International Labour Conference on Social Protection Floors

¿Qué hace Colombia en Rio+20?: intenta producir un resultado tangible

El Color de la Economía

Vote: Rio+20 Dialogue recommendations, open for voting!!

Rio+20 Dialogues

Google+ Hangout with Executive Coordinator of Rio+20 (Google + Hangout con el Coordinador Ejecutivo de Río +20)

The 5th annual

International Youth Summit on Energy and Climate Change

is now accepting applications!