Visits to Candyland

Candy on Quiverful, Sex and Procreation

2009-11-05T10:42:00.000-08:00

Apparently Candy has been taking some flack for her illogical and hard to follow views on procreation and sexuality. Her latest post on Welcome to Keeping The Home regarding "Quiverfull, Sex, Procreation" was an attempt to clarify but it still seems a little muddled to me.

She starts out with Psalm 127:

Psalm 127
1Except the LORD build the house, they labour in vain that build it: except the LORD keep the city, the watchman waketh but in vain.
2It is vain for you to rise up early, to sit up late, to eat the bread of sorrows: for so he giveth his beloved sleep.
3Lo, children are an heritage of the LORD: and the fruit of the womb is his reward.
4As arrows are in the hand of a mighty man; so are children of the youth.
5Happy is the man that hath his quiver full of them: they shall not be ashamed, but they shall speak with the enemies in the gate.

Verse one sets the tone for the whole Psalm - 'Except the LORD build...' We have people today with big, beautiful houses, but the Lord was not with them in building their homes. Their homes are not blessed. Cities and areas where the LORD is not allowed to reign lose blessings. (Thank God Christ will soon come back and reign.) It is not good to stay up late, and get up early, else you are not taking the sleep and rest that God desires for you. Children are 'an heritage of the LORD' if 'the LORD build the house.' Certainly there are pagan families who have very large families; I've met some. Was the Lord in that? There are also very large Christian families, where the parents are like baby-making factories, yet there is no joy, no rest, and utter turmoil in their family life. Did THEY decide to have child after child after child after child without the Lord's being in it?

There are a couple of telling things in here. First of all I believe and I always thought other Christians believed this as well, that only God can knit a child in the womb and only God creates and gives a soul. Whenever a Baby is made, God is in it. Even a baby conceived from rape is a child created and loved by God.

Secondly, utter turmoil and lack of rest does not mean that a family is not Godly, or unhappy or that God isn't with them. Everyone knows how much Candy values orderliness and cleanliness. That's great. God bless her for that. But it doesn't mean that other moms and dads who struggle with that are somehow less Godly. Good housekeeping can sometimes, in my opinion, become its own false idol.

Certainly baby-making is not 100% up to God, else what are non-Christians doing having babies, with some of those poor babies being abused?

While I agree that parents co-participate with God in baby making I reiterate that God is definitely 100% involved with each and every conception.

God gave us free will in all aspects in our lives, and that includes procreation.

That is absolutely true and with free will comes responsibility. But it also means that not every choice we make is good, holy and pleasing to God. It simply means that He allows us to have free will. Some choices have consequences and most times God lets us suffer with them.

Let's get something straight - there are not these eternal, disembodied spririts floating around hoping that you have a baby so that that spirit can have a life.

Very True. God makes each individual soul separately for each new life conceived. Prior to that, each of us was just a thought in the mind of God.

That's not how it works. NOT having children is NOT a sin! We are not 'preventing a life that could have been' by deciding to not have children.

Actually, the Catholic church comes very close to teaching this same thing. Children are a gift from God and God loves to bless with life and bless abundantly! But when parents discern that they are not in a position to accept a new life or must postpone a pregnancy the church teaches that it must be for a serious matter. The purpose of marriage is to raise up Godly offspring. To forgo conceiving and raising up Godly children is not something to be taken lightly.

However when one has children when they hear the still, small voice of the Lord, then when they produce seed after their own kind, they know 'the LORD built the house.' All four of my children are here, because my husband and I both felt that God wanted us to have each child. Every conception was God-led.

This in my opinion is simply Candy theology and I wouldn't be surprised if she ticks off a lot of people who read it. "The Lord built the house" whether one hears a little voice or not, or if a baby is simply conceived after a romantic Saturday night or by a couple who thought they were past conceiving. I think Candy is trying to say here that only planned children from a "still small voice" are conceived of the Lord? And that of course is ridiculous.

Then we have a paragraph that falls under the TMI department, but it sounds to me that it's up to Eric whether conception occurs or not because Onanism is a guy thing. And if Candy isn't on board with that then it couldn't possibly be from God. It's a very twisted piece of logic.

Someone commented on one of my quiverfull posts, and said that she knew the Lord wanted her to have three children. She had her three, and when she and her husband tried to have more, it was miscarriage after miscarriage. I believe this woman and her husband were hearing from the Lord as well. They have three beautiful children.

This part blows me away. I am the mother of a stillborn son, born when I was 42. I could have taken, and indeed I think that is the message of the culture that that was my cue to stop having babies and being open to new life. We went on to conceive at age 45 and have a beautiful baby girl that I have way too many pictures of in my Flickr account. Miscarried and stillborn children are still part of God's plan for us. Those little souls pray for us and are there to greet us in the end. I know of a woman who had ten miscarriages and ten live births inbetween. A miscarriage or stillbirth isn't necessarily a punishment, or a call to not be open to the gift of new life.

I'm an only child, and I can guarantee you that all by myself I filled my parents' quiver! :-P

... no comment.

Sex is NOT purely for procreation.

Sex is not purley for recreation and pleasure either. The Catholic church teaches that they are entertwined and that it is sinful to deliberately separate one from the other and why the church calls contraception intrisically evil as well as prohibiting certain fertility treatments.

Other links and articles on the topic in my del.icio.us files.

The 2000 year Baptist Church?

2009-11-03T15:39:00.000-08:00

Candy blogs today that the Baptist church dates back to the time of Christ. She might want to debate that with the Center for Baptist Studies. They are currently celebrating 400 Years of Baptist Heritage!

Candy on family planning.

2009-11-02T00:51:00.000-08:00

Update below!!

Last week Candy wrote:

Welcome to Keeping The Home: "Thursday, October 29, 2009
Quiverfull, etc.

As for the biblical perspective - how many children is each family to have? Certainly it is not literally a quiver, or each godly person in the Bible should have had 12 children, but most of them did not. We are to be fruitful and multiply. Some families (such as mine, when I was a child) only have one child. I was a miracle child. My parents tried for several years before I finally came along, and I was the last and only. 'Fruitful' is relative to each family.

I read several papers on this a few years ago. The "quiver" is the holder full of arrows that an archer carries with him as he goes into battle. Clearly from the warrior aspect, it is much better to face down the enemy with a lot of arrows in your quiver than not. An archer with only a few arrows better sure be a good shot!

The verse that everyone gets so riled up about is from Psalm 127 and goes:
³Behold, ^(F)children are a gift of the LORD,
         The ^(G)fruit of the womb is a reward.
    ⁴Like arrows in the hand of a ^(H)warrior,
         So are the children of one's youth.
    ⁵How ^(I)blessed is the man whose quiver is full of them;
         ^(J)They will not be ashamed
         When they ^(K)speak with their enemies ^(L)in the gate.

A warrior would be blessed to reach back and find yet another arrow so that he could take his shot. The writer is making an analogy between that and how blessed is each child. I can't imagine a warrior wanting to go into battle demanding to have only a limited number of arrows - I'm pretty sure the Psalm writer would scratch his head at that type of thinking as well.

Candy goes on:

Birth control - The Bible is clear on not murdering babies. After that, the only thing we see of birth control is where a guy spilt his seed on the ground. However, that seed-spilling was not what was condemned, but the fact that he was commanded, by law, to produce seed with his new wife, to raise up a child in his dead brother's name. That was Old Covenant law, and we are not under that now. Even if we were, that instance, in actuality, had little to do with birth control; it had to do with being disobedient to God's law."

Well that guy's name was Onan and that verse was understood pretty universally to indicate a condemnation of contraception until 1930. I wrote about Poor Onan a few years ago. This seems like a good time to bring it here. Brian Harrison the other of The Sin of Onan Revisted up made 5 points that I find pro-contraception Christians tend to overlook when waving this verse away:

1. Indeed, a further problem faces this conventional modern reading of the passage. If simple refusal to give legal offspring to his deceased brother were, according to Genesis 38, Onan's only offence, it seems extremely unlikely that the text would have spelt out the crass physical details of his contraceptive act (cf. v. 9). The delicacy and modesty of devout ancient Hebrews in referring to morally upright sexual activity helps us to see this. As is well-known, Scripture always refers to licit (married) intercourse only in an oblique way: "going in to" one's wife, (i.e., entering her tent or bedchamber, cf. vv. 8 and 9 in the Genesis text cited above, as well as Gen. 6: 4; II Sam. 16: 22; I Chron. 23: 7) or "knowing" one's spouse (e.g., Gen. 4: 17; Luke 1: 34). When the language becomes somewhat more explicit - "lying with" someone, or "uncovering [his/her] nakedness" - the reference is without exception to sinful, shameful sexual acts. And apart from the verse we are considering, the Bible's only fully explicit mention of a genital act (the voluntary emission of seed) is in a prophetical and allegorical context wherein Israel's infidelity to Yahweh is being denounced scathingly in terms of the shameless lust of a harlot (Ez. 23: 20).

2.Was Onan perhaps slain merely for refusing to give offspring to his deceased brother's wife, as most contemporary exegetes maintain? In answering these questions one must take cognizance of the following significant fact: the penalty subsequently laid down in the law of Moses for a simple refusal to comply with the levirate marriage precept was only a relatively mild public humiliation in the form of a brief ceremony of indignation. The childless widow, in the presence of the town elders, was authorized to remove her uncooperative brother-in-law's sandal and spit in his face for his refusal to marry her. He was then supposed to receive an uncomplimentary nick-name - "the Unshod." But since he nonetheless became sole owner of his deceased brother's house and goods, it is evident that his offence was scarcely considered a serious or criminal one - much less one deserving of death. Death, however, is precisely what Onan deserved, according to Genesis. It follows that those who say his only offence was infringement of the levirate marriage custom need to explain why such an offence was punished by the Lord so much more drastically in the case of Onan than than it subsequently was under the Mosaic law. If anything, we would tend to expect the contrary: i.e., that after the law was formalized as part of the Deuteronomic code its violation might be chastised more severely than before, not more mildly. Indeed, while it is clear from the Genesis narrative that the practice of levirate marriage already existed in Onan's time, there is no biblical evidence that he would have been conscious of any divine precept to observe that practice. This problem seems to have been simply ignored, rather than confronted, by those exegetes who cannot or will not see in this passage any Scriptural foundation for the orthodox Judæo-Christian doctrine against masturbation and contraception and unnatural intercourse between a man and woman, is not exactly a pleasant theme to write about.

3.It should be remembered also that we are here dealing here with a culture which so abhorred that other form of "wasting the seed" - the homosexual act - that it prescribed the death penalty for this offence. In the light of this and the other factors we have considered, I submit that it would be not only exegetically unwarranted, but quite anachronistic, to suggest that the Genesis author, in line with the 'political correctness' of late twentieth-century Western liberalism, would have taken a relaxed, indulgent view of Onan's method of preventing conception - his "spill[ing] the seed on the ground." We should note also the parallel between the description of homosexual acts as a "wicked" or "abominable" thing in the Leviticus texts and the similar qualification of what Onan did in Genesis 38: 10.

4. Moreover, in the view of revisionist exegetes, Onan's sin is presented here as being essentially one of omission. We are asked to believe that, according to Genesis, Onan committed no sinful act; rather, that his sin was to refrain from acting appropriately toward his deceased brother because of some sort of selfish interior disposition. But why, in that case, does the text describe Onan's sin as a positive action ("he did a detestable thing")? Coming directly after the author has mentioned what is certainly an outward act (i.e., "spilling the seed"), these words in v. 10 plainly indicate a causal link between that sexual act as such and the wrath and punishment of God.

After all, it is not as if the Old Testament vocabulary was lacking in concepts or words to express sins of interior attitude, when that is the kind of sin the authors had in mind. The "heart" of man - whether righteous or wicked - is a rich and important term of moral reference in Hebrew anthropology, and to the extent that Onan's fault was indeed this siof omission, such lack of piety toward his dead brother would have been an example of what the Israelites called "hardness of heart" (cf. Ex. 7: 13, 22; 8:15; Ps 95:7f), perhaps motivated at bottom by personal vanity (not wanting to father any child who would not be legally his), or even by that sheer covetousness for his brother's property which was forbidden in the Tenth Commandment and in numerous other Old Testament passages.

Once again, however, we must ask what evidence there is that this degree of "hardness of heart" would have been seen in Onan's time as sufficient to merit death. If today's revisionist exegetes are right in claiming that "spilling the seed on the ground" is not, per se, censured in this text, it would follow that even if Onan had simply declined to marry Tamar and so abstained from intimacy of any kind with her, this complete abstinence would have been viewed by the Genesis author as no less offensive to God than the course of action which Onan chose in reality - and which earned him a divine death sentence! But we have already pointed out that such a conclusion leaves unexplained the relative leniency of Deuteronomy 25 in penalizing such offences against the levirate marriage custom.

On the other hand if, as Judæo-Christian tradition has always insisted, "wasting the seed" by intrinsically sterile types of genital action violates that natural law to which all men, Jew and Gentile alike, have always had access by virtue of their very humanness, (cf. Rom. 1: 26-27; 2: 14), this will explain perfectly why Onan's sexual action in itself would be presented in Scripture as meriting a most severe divine judgment: it was a perverted act - one of life-suppressing lust. Indeed, over and above its prohibition by natural law, such deliberately sterilized pleasure-seeking could well have been discerned as a form of contravening one of the few divine precepts which already in that pre-Sinai tradition had been solemnly revealed - and repeated - in positive, verbal form: "Increase and multiply" (Gen. 1: 27-28; 9: 1).

5.until the early years of this century, when some exegetes began to approach the text with preconceptions deriving from the sexual decadence of modern Western culture and its exaggerated concern for 'over-population.' Sad to say, these preconceptions have since become entrenched as a new exegetical 'orthodoxy' which can no longer see even a trace of indignation in this passage of Scripture against intrinsically sterile forms of genital activity as such.

******************
Updated November 4, 2009

Today Candy writes:

I am quiverful, but not of the quiverful movement. I am biblically quiverful - meaning that my quiver is full. Do I want more children? Sure, but I'm fine not having anymore, either. It's not just up to me. It's also up to my husband and God, so I am very happy either way. Do I practice birth control? We do not utilize any internal or external means, nor do we abstain when I ovulate (that would be torture). Instead, we are just "careful." I've never had an "accidental" conception from being "careful," but if I ever do, that is a-okay.

Um... if it's up to her husband, and they aren't using any internal or external contraceptive and they don't abstain but are just "careful" then I think Candy should get to know "that guy spilt his seed on the ground" because it sounds as if they are practicing Onanism. Candy defended that this way:However, that seed-spilling was not what was condemned, but the fact that he was commanded, by law, to produce seed with his new wife, to raise up a child in his dead brother's name. That was Old Covenant law, and we are not under that now. Even if we were, that instance, in actuality, had little to do with birth control; it had to do with being disobedient to God's law.

She might want to familiarize herself with the 5 points above. I also have tons of links and other blog articles on this over in my del.icio.us file.

VTC Prayer For the Dead Compilation

2009-10-31T11:24:00.000-07:00

Halloween is the eve of the Feast of All Saints. For many, it is a time to remember and pray for the dead. Here are some of our previous posts of interest.

Elena writes about prayers to and for the dead.

Erika directs us to a history of All Hallow's Eve.

Jimmy Akin gets me musing about what the point would be to NOT pray for the dead.

Candy accuses us of necromancy by saying that we are speaking to the dead.

Some parts of my post on purgatory are also relevant:

2 Tim. 1:16-18 is an example of Paul praying for the dead, in this case, a man named Onesiphorus.

Praying for the dead was common practice among the Jews at that time. It has been the practice at least as long as the time of the Maccabees. 2 Maccabees 12:43–45 states "In doing this he acted in a very excellent and noble way, inasmuch as he had the resurrection of the dead in view; for if he were not expecting the dead to rise again, it would have been useless and foolish to pray for them in death. But if he did this with a view to the splendid reward that awaits those who had gone to rest in godliness, it was a holy and pious thought. Thus he made atonement for the dead that they might be freed from this sin." These verses are the primary reason that the deuterocanonical books were removed from the Old Testament. They justified praying for the dead.

Praying for the dead remains the Jewish practice today. Orthodox Jews recite the Kaddish for eleven months after the death of a parent, to pray for their purification. Judaism 101 says "According to Jewish tradition, the soul must spend some time purifying itself before it can enter the World to Come."

While many contend that purgatory and praying for the dead was a medieval Roman Catholic invention, there is ample evidence that this was a belief of the early Christians. Visit the catacombs, and you find prayers for the dead scrawled on the wall in examples of graffiti dating to the first three centuries of Christianity.

Other writings of that era such as Acts of Paul and Thecla and the Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicity also attest to this belief.

The Early Church Fathers, who, being "early" predated Medieval times by quite a bit, also wrote on this topic. Tertullian, writes in the second century, "We offer sacrifices for the dead on their birthday anniversaries [the date of death—birth into eternal life]."

Plus, who says Halloween more than Jack Chick!

Joe Carter takes a stroll down memory lane as he contemplates the annual ritual of handing out Chick tracts with Halloween treats.

To me, though, Chick is not just another anti-Catholic bigot. When I was a kid Jack Chick was the man who was responsible for more nightmares than the Twilight Zone and Kolchak: The Nightstalker combined. Chick not only scared the hell out of me, he made me afraid that hell was all around me.

Apostolic Succession

2009-10-25T13:46:00.000-07:00

Before we begin on the issue of apostolic succession, we first must discuss the nature of the priesthood. Some Christian churches do not believe in any sort of ordination. They feel that because of the priesthood of all believers, any member of the church may preach and lead their assembly. Others do practice a laying on of hands for ordination, seeing it as a symbolic act, similar to baptism.

For Catholics, ordination is a sacrament. Through ordination, a man becomes a priest, his priesthood indelibly imprinted on his soul, forever. Although many Christians feel that the priesthood ended with Christ, Catholics see the Levitical priesthood as a prefiguring of the ordained ministry of the New Covenant. As the Catholic Catechism explains:

1544 Everything that the priesthood of the Old Covenant prefigured finds its fulfillment in Christ Jesus, the "one mediator between God and men." The Christian tradition considers Melchizedek, "priest of God Most High," as a prefiguration of the priesthood of Christ, the unique "high priest after the order of Melchizedek"; "holy, blameless, unstained," "by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are sanctified," that is, by the unique sacrifice of the cross.
1545 The redemptive sacrifice of Christ is unique, accomplished once for all; yet it is made present in the Eucharistic sacrifice of the Church. The same is true of the one priesthood of Christ; it is made present through the ministerial priesthood without diminishing the uniqueness of Christ's priesthood: "Only Christ is the true priest, the others being only his ministers."

This is important to note in the face of the accusation that Catholic priests are usurping the place Christ, who is our only true priest.

The Catholic Church does recognize the priesthood of all believers, or baptismal priesthood. The role of the ordained priesthood is to serve the rest of us, through dispensing the sacraments.

1120 The ordained ministry or ministerial priesthood is at the service of the baptismal priesthood. The ordained priesthood guarantees that it really is Christ who acts in the sacraments through the Holy Spirit for the Church. The saving mission entrusted by the Father to his incarnate Son was committed to the apostles and through them to their successors: they receive the Spirit of Jesus to act in his name and in his person. The ordained minister is the sacramental bond that ties the liturgical action to what the apostles said and did and, through them, to the words and actions of Christ, the source and foundation of the sacraments.

But how does the ordained priesthood have the authority to marry people, to forgive sins, etc? They were given this authority by Jesus, as it was passed down through the apostles.

And Moses said, Hereby ye shall know that the LORD hath sent me to do all these works; for I have not done them of mine own mind. Num 16:28

God gives Moses the authority to perform works on his behalf.

I can of mine own self do nothing: as I hear, I judge: and my judgment is just; because I seek not mine own will, but the will of the Father which hath sent me. John 5:30

In the same way, Jesus, as a man, acts under the authority of the Father.

And I appoint unto you a kingdom, as my Father hath appointed unto me Luke 22:29
Then he called his twelve disciples together, and gave them power and authority over all devils, and to cure diseases. Luke 9:1

Jesus gives this authority to his disciples.

And with that he breathed on them and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit." John 20:22

God imparted life to Adam through breathing on him. Therefore, this breathing was not just a symbol, but a sacrament. An outward sign of an inward grace which they received. This is something which they knew would be passed on to those who would come after them.

Acts 1:20-26 For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein: and his bishoprick let another take. Wherefore of these men which have companied with us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, Beginning from the baptism of John, unto that same day that he was taken up from us, must one be ordained to be a witness with us of his resurrection. And they appointed two, Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias. And they prayed, and said, Thou, Lord, which knowest the hearts of all men, shew whether of these two thou hast chosen, That he may take part of this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas by transgression fell, that he might go to his own place. And they gave forth their lots; and the lot fell upon Matthias; and he was numbered with the eleven apostles.

As this article from This Rock explains, "Peter considers Judas’s betrayal as a fulfillment of Old Testament prediction. And he also quotes from the Greek Septuagint translation of Psalm 109:8 (Psalm 108:8 in the Septuagint numbering) to show that filling the office was foreseen in Scripture. Verse 20 reads, "His office let another take." The word translated "office" is episkope, which in New Testament language means "episcopal office" (see 1 Tim. 3:1)."

Acts 9:7 shows that even Paul was ordained before he begins his ministry. And Ananias went his way, and entered into the house; and putting his hands on him said, Brother Saul, the Lord, even Jesus, that appeared unto thee in the way as thou camest, hath sent me, that thou mightest receive thy sight, and be filled with the Holy Ghost. Paul sees this ministry being passed down through the generations, "And the things that thou hast heard of me among many witnesses, the same commit thou to faithful men, who shall be able to teach others also." (2 Tim. 2:2).

So, the apostles received this authority from Jesus, which they passed down to their successors, which they passed down through the generations, and which we still recognize today, as do a few other churches. The Catechism explains it in this way:

1562 "Christ, whom the Father hallowed and sent into the world, has, through his apostles, made their successors, the bishops namely, sharers in his consecration and mission; and these, in their turn, duly entrusted in varying degrees various members of the Church with the office of their ministry." "The function of the bishops' ministry was handed over in a subordinate degree to priests so that they might be appointed in the order of the priesthood and be co-workers of the episcopal order for the proper fulfillment of the apostolic mission that had been entrusted to it by Christ."
1563 "Because it is joined with the episcopal order the office of priests shares in the authority by which Christ himself builds up and sanctifies and rules his Body. Hence the priesthood of priests, while presupposing the sacraments of initiation, is nevertheless conferred by its own particular sacrament. Through that sacrament priests by the anointing of the Holy Spirit are signed with a special character and so are configured to Christ the priest in such a way that they are able to act in the person of Christ the head."
1564 "Whilst not having the supreme degree of the pontifical office, and notwithstanding the fact that they depend on the bishops in the exercise of their own proper power, the priests are for all that associated with them by reason of their sacerdotal dignity; and in virtue of the sacrament of Holy Orders, after the image of Christ, the supreme and eternal priest, they are consecrated in order to preach the Gospel and shepherd the faithful as well as to celebrate divine worship as true priests of the New Testament."
1565 Through the sacrament of Holy Orders priests share in the universal dimensions of the mission that Christ entrusted to the apostles. The spiritual gift they have received in ordination prepares them, not for a limited and restricted mission, "but for the fullest, in fact the universal mission of salvation 'to the end of the earth," "prepared in spirit to preach the Gospel everywhere."
1566 "It is in the Eucharistic cult or in the Eucharistic assembly of the faithful (synaxis) that they exercise in a supreme degree their sacred office; there, acting in the person of Christ and proclaiming his mystery, they unite the votive offerings of the faithful to the sacrifice of Christ their head, and in the sacrifice of the Mass they make present again and apply, until the coming of the Lord, the unique sacrifice of the New Testament, that namely of Christ offering himself once for all a spotless victim to the Father." From this unique sacrifice their whole priestly ministry draws its strength.
1567 "The priests, prudent cooperators of the episcopal college and its support and instrument, called to the service of the People of God, constitute, together with their bishop, a unique sacerdotal college (presbyterium) dedicated, it is, true to a variety of distinct duties. In each local assembly of the faithful they represent, in a certain sense, the bishop, with whom they are associated in all trust and generosity; in part they take upon themselves his duties and solicitude and in their daily toils discharge them." priests can exercise their ministry only in dependence on the bishop and in communion with him. The promise of obedience they make to the bishop at the moment of ordination and the kiss of peace from him at the end of the ordination liturgy mean that the bishop considers them his co-workers, his sons, his brothers and his friends, and that they in return owe him love and obedience.
1568 "All priests, who are constituted in the order of priesthood by the sacrament of Order, are bound together by an intimate sacramental brotherhood, but in a special way they form one priestly body in the diocese to which they are attached under their own bishop. . . ." The unity of the presbyterium finds liturgical expression in the custom of the presbyters' imposing hands, after the bishop, during the rite of ordination.

Our records of the early church attest to their belief in apostolic succession.

"Through countryside and city [the apostles] preached, and they appointed their earliest converts, testing them by the Spirit, to be the bishops and deacons of future believers. Nor was this a novelty, for bishops and deacons had been written about a long time earlier.... Our apostles knew through our Lord Jesus Christ that there would be strife for the office of bishop. For this reason, therefore, having received perfect foreknowledge, they appointed those who have already been mentioned and afterwards added the further provision that, if they should die, other approved men should succeed to their ministry." (Clement of Rome, Epistle to the Corinthians 42:4-5, 44:1-3 [A.D. 80]).

"Polycarp also was not only instructed by apostles, and conversed with many who had seen Christ, but was also, by apostles in Asia, appointed bishop of the church in Smyrna, whom I also saw in my early youth, for he tarried [on earth] a very long time, and, when a very old man, gloriously and most nobly suffering martyrdom, departed this life, having always taught the things which he had learned from the apostles, and which the Church has handed down, and which alone are true. To these things all the Asiatic churches testify, as do also those men who have succeeded Polycarp down to the present time" (Irenaeus, Against Heresies 3:3:4). A.D. 189]

"[I]t is incumbent to obey the presbyters who are in the Church—those who, as I have shown, possess the succession from the apostles; those who, together with the succession of the episcopate, have received the infallible charism of truth, according to the good pleasure of the Father. But [it is also incumbent] to hold in suspicion others who depart from the primitive succession, and assemble themselves together in any place whatsoever, either as heretics of perverse minds, or as schismatics puffed up and self-pleasing, or again as hypocrites, acting thus for the sake of lucre and vainglory. For all these have fallen from the truth" (Irenaeus, Against Heresies, 4:26:2).

"But if there be any [heresies] which are bold enough to plant [their origin] in the midst of the apostolic age, that they may thereby seem to have been handed down by the apostles, because they existed in the time of the apostles, we can say: Let them produce the original records of their churches; let them unfold the roll of their bishops, running down in due succession from the beginning in such a manner that [their first] bishop shall be able to show for his ordainer and predecessor some one of the apostles or of apostolic men—a man, moreover, who continued steadfast with the apostles. For this is the manner in which the apostolic churches transmit their registers: as the church of Smyrna, which records that Polycarp was placed therein by John; as also the church of Rome, which makes Clement to have been ordained in like manner by Peter" (Tertullian Demurrer Against the Heretics 32 [A.D. 200].

Prayers for Candy's Mom

2009-10-20T05:37:00.000-07:00

Candy blogs today that her mom suffered a very bad femur fracture that required what sounds like extensive orthopedic surgery. She also sounds as if she has a long recovery and rehab road ahead of her so please keep Candy's mom in your prayers for a swift recovery.

The foundation

2009-10-11T18:18:00.000-07:00

When St. Francis de Sales was a young priest, he traveled to the Chablais region in France. Located south of Geneva, it had a population of around 72,000 people, most of whom had converted to Calvinism. St. Francis had a difficult time finding people who were willing to listen to him, so he began printing up pamphlets defending the Catholic faith. He put some up on placards on the streets, but most he slid under doors in the dark of the night. At the end of four years, he left the region almost entirely re-converted back to Catholicism.

I read his collected pamphlets collected in a book called The Catholic Controversy, published by Tan books. I remembered that he had written about one of the topics in our previous comment thread, and I am reproducing that chapter here in its entirety.

Resolution of a Difficulty

But a great proof of the contrary, as our adversaries think, is that, according to S. Paul: No one can lay another foundation but that which is laid: which is Christ Jesus; and according to the same we are domestics of God; built upon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets, Jesus himself being the chief cornerstone. And in the Apocalypse [Revelation], the wall of the holy city had twelve foundations, and in these twelve foundations the names of the twelve Apostles. If then, say they, all the twelve Apostles are foundations of the Church, how do you attribute this title to S. Peter in particular? And if S. Paul says that no one can lay another foundation than Our Lord, how do you dare to say that by these words: Thou art Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, S. Peter had been established as foundation of the Church? Why do you not rather say, asks Calvin, that this stone on which the Church is founded is no other than Our Lord? Why do you not rather declare, says Luther, that it is the confession of faith which Peter had made?

But in good truth it is an ill way of interpreting Scripture to overturn one passage by another, or to strain it by a forced interpretation to a strange and unbecoming sense. We must leave to it as far as possible the naturalness and sweetness of the sense which belongs to it.

In this case, then, since we see that Scripture teaches us there is no other foundation than Our Lord, and the same teaches us clearly that S. Peter is such also, yea and further that the Apostles are so, we are not to give up the first teaching for the second, the second for the third, but to leave them all three in their entirety. Which we shall easily do if we consider these passages in good faith and sincerely.

Now Our Lord is in very deed the only foundation of the Church; he is the foundation of our faith, of our hope and charity; he is the foundation of all ecclesiastical authority and order, and of all the doctrine and administration which are therein. Who ever doubted of this? But, some one will say to me, if he is the only foundation, how do you place S. Peter also as foundation?

You do us wrong; it is not we who place him as foundation. He, besides whom no other can be placed, he himself placed him. So that if Our Lord is true founder of the Church, as he is, we must believe that S. Peter is such too, since Our Lord has placed him in this rank. If any one besides Our Lord himself had given him this grade we should all cry out with you: No one can lay another foundation but that which is laid.

And then, have you well considered the words of S. Paul? He will not have us recognize any foundation besides Our Lord, but neither is S. Peter nor are the other Apostles foundations besides Our Lord, they are subordinate to Our Lord: their doctrine is not other than that of their Master, but their very Master's itself Thus the supreme charge which S. Peter had in the militant Church, by reason of which he is called foundation of the Church, as chief and governor, is not beside the authority of his Master, but is only a participation in this, so that he is not the foundation of this hierarchy besides Our Lord but rather in Our Lord; as we call him most holy Father in Our Lord, outside whom he would be nothing.

We do not indeed recognize any other secular authority than that of His Highness [of Savoy], but we recognize several under this, which are not properly other than that of His Highness, because they are only certain portions and participations of it.

In a word, let us interpret S. Paul passage by passage: do you not think he makes his meaning clear enough when he says: You are built upon the foundations of the Prophets and Apostles? But that you may know these foundations to be no other than that which he has preached, he adds: Christ himself being the chief cornerstone. Our Lord then is foundation and S. Peter also, but with so notable a difference that in respect of the one the other may be said not to be it. For Our Lord is foundation and founder, foundation without other foundation, foundation of the natural, Mosaic and Evangelic Church, foundation perpetual and immortal, foundation of the militant and triumphant, foundation by his own nature, foundation of our faith, hope nad charity, and of the efficacy of the Sacraments.

S. Peter is foundation, not founder, of the whole Church; foundation but founded on another foundation, which Our Lord; foundation of the Evangelic Church alone, foundation subject to succession, foundation of the militant not of the triumphant, foundation by participation, ministerial not absolute foundation; in fine, administrator and not lord, and in no way the foundation of our faith, hope and charity, nor of the efficacy of the Sacraments. A difference so great as this makes the one unable, in comparison, to be called a foundation by the side of teh other, whilst, however, taken by itself, it can be called a foundation, in order to pay proper regard to the Holy Word. So, although he is the Good Shepherd, he gives us shepherds under himself, between whom and his Majesty there is so great a difference that he declares himself to be the only shepherd.

At the same time it is not good reasoning to say: all the Apostles in general are called foundations of the Church, therefore S. Peter is only such in the same way as the others are. On the contrary, as Our Lord has said in particular, and in particular terms, to S. Peter, what is afterwards said in general of the others, we must conclude that there is in S. Peter some particular property of foundation, and that his is in particular has been what the whole college has been together.

The whole Church has been founded on all the Apostles, and the whole on S. Peter in particular; it is then S. Peter who is its foundation taken by himself, which the others are not. For to whom has it ever been said: Thou art Peter, etc.? It would be to violate the Scripture to say that all the Apostles in general have not been the foundations of the Church. It would also be to violate the Scripture to deny that S. Peter was so in particular. It is necessary that the general word should produce its general effect, and the particular its particular, in order that nothing may remain useless and without mystery out of Scriptures so mysterious. We have only to see for what general reason all the Apostles are called foundations of the Church: namely, because it is they who by their preaching have planted the faith, and the Christian doctrine; in which if we are to give some prerogative to any one of the Apostles it will be to that one who said: I have laboured, more abundantly than all they.

And it is in this sense that is meant the passage of the Apocalypse [Revelation]. For the twelve Apostles are called foundations of the heavenly Jerusalem, because they were the first who converted the world to the Christian religion, which was as it were to lay the foundations of the glory of men, and the seeds of their happy immortality. But the passage of S. Paul seems to be understood not so much of the person of the Apostles as of their doctrine. For it is not said that we are built upon the Apostles, but upon the foundation of the Apostles--that is, upon the doctrine which they have announced.

This is easy to see, because it is not only said that we are upon the foundation of the Apostles, but also of the Prophets, and we know well that the Prophets have not otherwise been foundations of the Evangelical Church than by their doctrine. And in this matter all the Apostles seem to stand on a level, unless S. John and S. Paul go first for the excellence of their theology. It is then in this sense that all the Apostles are foundations of the Church; but in authority and government S. Peter precedes all the others as much as the head surpasses the members; for he has been appointed ordinary pastor and supreme head of teh Church, the others have been delegated pastors entrusted with as full power and authority over all the rest of the Church as S. Peter, except that S. Peter was the head of them all and their pastor as of all Christendom.

Thus they were foundations of the Church equally with him as to the conversion of souls and as to doctrine; but as to the authority of governing, they were so unequally, as S. Peter was the ordinary head not only of the rest of the whole Church but of the Apostles also. For Our Lord had built on him the whole of his Church, of which they were not only parts but the principal and noble parts.

"Although the strength of the Church," says S. Jerome, "is equally established on all the Apostles, yet amongst the twelve one is chosen that a head being appointed occasion of schism may be taken away." "There are, indeed," says S. Bernard to his Eugenius, and we can say as much of S. Peter for the same reason, "there are others who are custodians and pastors of flocks, but thou hast inherited a name as much the more glorious as it is more special."

The Primacy of Peter

2009-10-11T13:49:00.000-07:00

A few weeks back, I said that I would put up a blog post with a Biblical argument for the primacy of Peter. We haven't covered this topic yet, so I thought it was time to check this one off of the list.

Peter is mentioned more than the other apostles. Actually, he is mentioned 155 times alone, whereas the other apostles are mentioned a combined 130 times.

When the apostles are named, Peter is almost always mentioned first. (Mark 1:36; 3:16; Luke 6:14-16; Acts 1:3)

Peter is the first to confess the divinity of Christ. (Matt. 16:16, Mark 8:29; John 6:69)

Only Peter walks on water. (Matt. 14:28-29)

Jesus says that Satan as sought the apostles, but He prays for Peter alone, that his faith not fail so that he could confirm his brethren. (Luke 22:31-32)

Only Peter's death is foretold by Jesus. (John 13:36; 21:18)

Only Peter is told that he has received a divine revelation. (Matt. 16:17)

The tax collector approaches Peter as the representative for Jesus to collect the temple tax. (Matt. 17:24-25)

Peter usually acts as spokesman for the apostles. (Matt. 18:21, Mark 10:28, Mark 11:21 among others)

Peter is the only one who speaks at the Transfiguration, and is again mentioned first going up the mountain. (Luke 9:28;33)

Only Peter is given the keys, the sign of authority. (Matt. 16:19)

Although John arrives at the tomb first, he waits to let Peter enter first. (Luke 24:12, John 20:4-6)

Peter is confirmed as leader of the apostles when the angel says that Jesus was resurrected. (Mark 16:7)

Jesus tells Peter to feed His sheep. (John 21:15-17)

Peter is the one who says that a successor to Judas must be chosen. (Acts 1:15)

Peter gives the first preaching (Acts 2:38) of the early Church, and also performs the first healing (Acts 3:6-7). Only Peter's shadow is mentioned as healing. (Acts 5:15)

Peter is shown exercising authority in the early Church. (Acts 5:3 and Acts 8:20-23)

When the first council of Jerusalem is held to debate the issue of circumcision for the gentile, there is much disputing, however, when Peter speaks, then the multitude is silent (Acts 15:12). Barnabas and Paul speak in support of what Peter has declared (Acts 15:12). Finally, James says that he agrees with Peter and provides Scriptural support for what Peter declared (Acts 15:13-14).

Paul visits Peter before beginning his ministry. (Gal.1:18)

Paul also mentions Peter as having seen Jesus first after his Resurrection. (1 Cor. 15:4-8)

Peter is the only apostle to have his name changed. St. Francis de Sales writes:

When Our Lord imposes a name upon men he always bestows some particular grace according to the name which he gives them. If he changes the name of that great father of believer, and of Abram makes him Abraham, also of a high father he makes him father of many, giving the reason at the same time (Gen 17:5) . . . The imposition of the name in the case of Saint Peter is no small argument of the particular excellence of his charge, according to the very reason which Our ¬ord appended: Thou art Peter, etc.

But What name does he give him? A name full of majesty, not common, not trivial, but one expressive of superiority and authority, like unto that of Abraham himself. For if Abraham was thus called because he was to be the father of many nations, Saint Peter has received this name because upon him as upon a firm rock was to be founded the multitude of Christians.

Our Lord himself is by excellence called the rock, because he is the foundation of the Church, and the corner-stone, the support, and the firmness, of this spiritual edifice: and he has declared that on Saint Peter should his Church be built, and that he would establish him in the faith: Confirm thy brethren. (Luke 22:32)

St. Frances de Sales has an excellent letter on Jesus versus Peter as the foundation of the church. Since that point was discussed extensively in a previous comments section, I am planning to type it up in its entirety and post it as a follow-up in the next day or two.

For other Pope related questions, see our previous post, Papal Ponderings.

A day in the life of the pope.pdf (application/pdf Object)

2009-10-09T11:14:00.000-07:00

As Jennie has taken to pope bashing I thought it would be interesting to look at what a day in the life of the Pope really looks like and found this.

A day in the life of the pope.pdf (application/pdf Object)

Keeping in mind that the pope is over 80 years old, I thought this was actually a pretty active lifestyle for our beloved B16.

I also think it is good to remind some critics of the papacy how Pope's really live and lead Catholic Christians.

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Once Saved, Always Saved

2009-10-06T09:33:00.000-07:00

Today, Candy takes on the question of whether or not one can lose their salvation. She puts forth her position as thus:

There have been many people who claim that they used to be Christians, but have left the faith. I posit the likelihood that most of those people were never truly saved - that they never tasted of the heavenly gift, and were made partakers of the Holy Ghost. I think most of them played church, or played holy person for a while, but then they gave it up when it didn't work. That is not salvation, and praise God for that.

Candy says that her position is unusual, but it is the most common that I have heard. I really haven't run across many people who feel that you are always saved, no matter what you do, even if you reject the faith. I hear "then they must have never really been saved" a lot, especially relating to people who have converted to Catholicism.

In Candy's normal, sensitive way, she says that people who have forsaken the sake must be idiots. She gives the impression that people who have lost their faith are shallow and only "played church." I'm not sure how people who were so convinced of their faith as to become ministers could only be playing at church, but that is her belief.

I can't help but feel sorrow for people who had a deep faith, but lost it because of a tragedy in their lives, or persecution, or temptation to despair. Consider those who lost their families in a natural disaster such as the tsunami a few years back. When your children are literally ripped from your hands, who could help but to have at least some doubts about God.

We also discussed in the comments section just a week or so ago, the Donatists who were dealing with Christians who had renounced the faith under the Roman persecution. While Candy would say that someone who renounced the faith rather than be martyred was likely never saved in the first place, the Donatists felt that these people had lost the grace of God. Truly, the problem of what it means when someone rejects the faith is one which has always been around.

Personally, while I hope and pray that in a time of sorrow or persecution I would cling to God instead of reject him, I feel nothing but sorrow for those who have not been able to keep the faith. I can't imagine how horrible it must be to have been a joyful member of a OSAS congregation, and then have all of your friends and former fellow Christians reject you and say that you must have only been playing at church instead of reaching out to you in your time of need.

As for the Catholic Church, we believe that salvation is an ongoing process. As Milehimama once put it:

We HAVE BEEN saved by grace:
Who hath saved us, and called us with an holy calling, not according to our works, but according to his own purpose and grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the world began

We ARE BEING saved
1 Cor 1:18, above.
Even when we were dead in sins, hath quickened us together with Christ, (by grace ye are saved;)- Ephesians 2:5

We WILL BE saved:
And ye shall be hated of all men for my name's sake: but he that endureth to the end shall be saved - Matt 10:22

We HOPE to be saved:
For we are saved by hope: but hope that is seen is not hope: for what a man seeth, why doth he yet hope for? - Romans 8:24

One could write pages on the many verses which speak of this teaching, but I will share only a few which lead me to disagree with Candy on this subject.

Hope is one of the three theological virtues, faith, hope, and charity. We hope to be saved.

Rom 5:2 By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.

Rom 12:12 Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing instant in prayer

Gal 5:5 For we through the Spirit wait for the hope of righteousness by faith.

1 Thes 5:8 But let us, who are of the day, be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love; and for an helmet, the hope of salvation.

Furthermore, perseverance is important. If we are "once saved, always saved" then why would we need to persevere. Merely playing at faith is not truly having faith, so perseverance is not needed there, only true faith.

Heb 3:13-14 But exhort one another daily, while it is called To day; lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin. For we are made partakers of Christ, if we hold the beginning of our confidence stedfast unto the end

1 Tim 19-20 Holding faith, and a good conscience; which some having put away concerning faith have made shipwreck of whom is Hymenaeus and Alexander; whom I have delivered unto Satan, that they may learn not to blaspheme.

Heb 10:36 For ye have need of endurance, that, after ye have done the will of God, ye might receive the promise.

1 Cor 4:4 For I know nothing by myself; yet am I not hereby justified: but he that judgeth me is the Lord.

And one of my favorite verses in the Bible, 2 Tim 4:7 I have fought the good fight, I have finished
the race, I have kept the faith.

List of Popes

2009-09-30T19:02:00.000-07:00

Last week Candy wrote:

In AD 610 they set up their first pope - Pope Boniface III. Until then, there were NO POPES. This is pure history. For more information on this, and many other dates, click here.

So for true history buffs here is the complete list of popes and the dates of their pontificate- starting with St. Peter all the way to our beloved St. Benedict XVI!

Will Candy refute it? I doubt it. The link she gave is dead, but no doubt she won't try to refute this list.

CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: List of Popes: "
# St. Peter (32-67)
# St. Linus (67-76)
# St. Anacletus (Cletus) (76-88)
# St. Clement I (88-97)
# St. Evaristus (97-105)
# St. Alexander I (105-115)
# St. Sixtus I (115-125) Also called Xystus I
# St. Telesphorus (125-136)
# St. Hyginus (136-140)
# St. Pius I (140-155)
# St. Anicetus (155-166)
# St. Soter (166-175)
# St. Eleutherius (175-189)
# St. Victor I (189-199)
# St. Zephyrinus (199-217)
# St. Callistus I (217-22) Callistus and the following three popes were opposed by St. Hippolytus, antipope (217-236)
# St. Urban I (222-30)
# St. Pontain (230-35)
# St. Anterus (235-36)
# St. Fabian (236-50)
# St. Cornelius (251-53) Opposed by Novatian, antipope (251)
# St. Lucius I (253-54)
# St. Stephen I (254-257)
# St. Sixtus II (257-258)
# St. Dionysius (260-268)
# St. Felix I (269-274)
# St. Eutychian (275-283)
# St. Caius (283-296) Also called Gaius
# St. Marcellinus (296-304)
# St. Marcellus I (308-309)
# St. Eusebius (309 or 310)
# St. Miltiades (311-14)
# St. Sylvester I (314-35)
# St. Marcus (336)
# St. Julius I (337-52)
# Liberius (352-66) Opposed by Felix II, antipope (355-365)
# St. Damasus I (366-83) Opposed by Ursicinus, antipope (366-367)
# St. Siricius (384-99)
# St. Anastasius I (399-401)
# St. Innocent I (401-17)
# St. Zosimus (417-18)
# St. Boniface I (418-22) Opposed by Eulalius, antipope (418-419)
# St. Celestine I (422-32)
# St. Sixtus III (432-40)
# St. Leo I (the Great) (440-61)
# St. Hilarius (461-68)
# St. Simplicius (468-83)
# St. Felix III (II) (483-92)
# St. Gelasius I (492-96)
# Anastasius II (496-98)
# St. Symmachus (498-514) Opposed by Laurentius, antipope (498-501)
# St. Hormisdas (514-23)
# St. John I (523-26)
# St. Felix IV (III) (526-30)
# Boniface II (530-32) Opposed by Dioscorus, antipope (530)
# John II (533-35)
# St. Agapetus I (535-36) Also called Agapitus I
# St. Silverius (536-37)
# Vigilius (537-55)
# Pelagius I (556-61)
# John III (561-74)
# Benedict I (575-79)
# Pelagius II (579-90)
# St. Gregory I (the Great) (590-604)
# Sabinian (604-606)
# Boniface III (607)
# St. Boniface IV (608-15)
# St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I) (615-18)
# Boniface V (619-25)
# Honorius I (625-38)
# Severinus (640)
# John IV (640-42)
# Theodore I (642-49)
# St. Martin I (649-55)
# St. Eugene I (655-57)
# St. Vitalian (657-72)
# Adeodatus (II) (672-76)
# Donus (676-78)
# St. Agatho (678-81)
# St. Leo II (682-83)
# St. Benedict II (684-85)
# John V (685-86)
# Conon (686-87)
# St. Sergius I (687-701) Opposed by Theodore and Paschal, antipopes (687)
# John VI (701-05)
# John VII (705-07)
# Sisinnius (708)
# Constantine (708-15)
# St. Gregory II (715-31)
# St. Gregory III (731-41)
# St. Zachary (741-52)
# Stephen II (752) Because he died before being consecrated, many authoritative lists omit him
# Stephen III (752-57)
# St. Paul I (757-67)
# Stephen IV (767-72) Opposed by Constantine II (767) and Philip (768), antipopes (767)
# Adrian I (772-95)
# St. Leo III (795-816)
# Stephen V (816-17)
# St. Paschal I (817-24)
# Eugene II (824-27)
# Valentine (827)
# Gregory IV (827-44)
# Sergius II (844-47) Opposed by John, antipope (855)
# St. Leo IV (847-55)
# Benedict III (855-58) Opposed by Anastasius, antipope (855)
# St. Nicholas I (the Great) (858-67)
# Adrian II (867-72)
# John VIII (872-82)
# Marinus I (882-84)
# St. Adrian III (884-85)
# Stephen VI (885-91)
# Formosus (891-96)
# Boniface VI (896)
# Stephen VII (896-97)
# Romanus (897)
# Theodore II (897)
# John IX (898-900)
# Benedict IV (900-03)
# Leo V (903) Opposed by Christopher, antipope (903-904)
# Sergius III (904-11)
# Anastasius III (911-13)
# Lando (913-14)
# John X (914-28)
# Leo VI (928)
# Stephen VIII (929-31)
# John XI (931-35)
# Leo VII (936-39)
# Stephen IX (939-42)
# Marinus II (942-46)
# Agapetus II (946-55)
# John XII (955-63)
# Leo VIII (963-64)
# Benedict V (964)
# John XIII (965-72)
# Benedict VI (973-74)
# Benedict VII (974-83) Benedict and John XIV were opposed by Boniface VII, antipope (974; 984-985)
# John XIV (983-84)
# John XV (985-96)
# Gregory V (996-99) Opposed by John XVI, antipope (997-998)
# Sylvester II (999-1003)
# John XVII (1003)
# John XVIII (1003-09)
# Sergius IV (1009-12)
# Benedict VIII (1012-24) Opposed by Gregory, antipope (1012)
# John XIX (1024-32)
# Benedict IX (1032-45) He appears on this list three separate times, because he was twice deposed and restored
# Sylvester III (1045) Considered by some to be an antipope
# Benedict IX (1045)
# Gregory VI (1045-46)
# Clement II (1046-47)
# Benedict IX (1047-48)
# Damasus II (1048)
# St. Leo IX (1049-54)
# Victor II (1055-57)
# Stephen X (1057-58)
# Nicholas II (1058-61) Opposed by Benedict X, antipope (1058)
# Alexander II (1061-73) Opposed by Honorius II, antipope (1061-1072)
# St. Gregory VII (1073-85) Gregory and the following three popes were opposed by Guibert ('Clement III'), antipope (1080-1100)
# Blessed Victor III (1086-87)
# Blessed Urban II (1088-99)
# Paschal II (1099-1118) Opposed by Theodoric (1100), Aleric (1102) and Maginulf ('Sylvester IV', 1105-1111), antipopes (1100)
# Gelasius II (1118-19) Opposed by Burdin ('Gregory VIII'), antipope (1118)
# Callistus II (1119-24)
# Honorius II (1124-30) Opposed by Celestine II, antipope (1124)
# Innocent II (1130-43) Opposed by Anacletus II (1130-1138) and Gregory Conti ('Victor IV') (1138), antipopes (1138)
# Celestine II (1143-44)
# Lucius II (1144-45)
# Blessed Eugene III (1145-53)
# Anastasius IV (1153-54)
# Adrian IV (1154-59)
# Alexander III (1159-81) Opposed by Octavius ('Victor IV') (1159-1164), Pascal III (1165-1168), Callistus III (1168-1177) and Innocent III (1178-1180), antipopes
# Lucius III (1181-85)
# Urban III (1185-87)
# Gregory VIII (1187)
# Clement III (1187-91)
# Celestine III (1191-98)
# Innocent III (1198-1216)
# Honorius III (1216-27)
# Gregory IX (1227-41)
# Celestine IV (1241)
# Innocent IV (1243-54)
# Alexander IV (1254-61)
# Urban IV (1261-64)
# Clement IV (1265-68)
# Blessed Gregory X (1271-76)
# Blessed Innocent V (1276)
# Adrian V (1276)
# John XXI (1276-77)
# Nicholas III (1277-80)
# Martin IV (1281-85)
# Honorius IV (1285-87)
# Nicholas IV (1288-92)
# St. Celestine V (1294)
# Boniface VIII (1294-1303)
# Blessed Benedict XI (1303-04)
# Clement V (1305-14)
# John XXII (1316-34) Opposed by Nicholas V, antipope (1328-1330)
# Benedict XII (1334-42)
# Clement VI (1342-52)
# Innocent VI (1352-62)
# Blessed Urban V (1362-70)
# Gregory XI (1370-78)
# Urban VI (1378-89) Opposed by Robert of Geneva ('Clement VII'), antipope (1378-1394)
# Boniface IX (1389-1404) Opposed by Robert of Geneva ('Clement VII') (1378-1394), Pedro de Luna ('Benedict XIII') (1394-1417) and Baldassare Cossa ('John XXIII') (1400-1415), antipopes
# Innocent VII (1404-06) Opposed by Pedro de Luna ('Benedict XIII') (1394-1417) and Baldassare Cossa ('John XXIII') (1400-1415), antipopes
# Gregory XII (1406-15) Opposed by Pedro de Luna ('Benedict XIII') (1394-1417), Baldassare Cossa ('John XXIII') (1400-1415), and Pietro Philarghi ('Alexander V') (1409-1410), antipopes
# Martin V (1417-31)
# Eugene IV (1431-47) Opposed by Amadeus of Savoy ('Felix V'), antipope (1439-1449)
# Nicholas V (1447-55)
# Callistus III (1455-58)
# Pius II (1458-64)
# Paul II (1464-71)
# Sixtus IV (1471-84)
# Innocent VIII (1484-92)
# Alexander VI (1492-1503)
# Pius III (1503)
# Julius II (1503-13)
# Leo X (1513-21)
# Adrian VI (1522-23)
# Clement VII (1523-34)
# Paul III (1534-49)
# Julius III (1550-55)
# Marcellus II (1555)
# Paul IV (1555-59)
# Pius IV (1559-65)
# St. Pius V (1566-72)
# Gregory XIII (1572-85)
# Sixtus V (1585-90)
# Urban VII (1590)
# Gregory XIV (1590-91)
# Innocent IX (1591)
# Clement VIII (1592-1605)
# Leo XI (1605)
# Paul V (1605-21)
# Gregory XV (1621-23)
# Urban VIII (1623-44)
# Innocent X (1644-55)
# Alexander VII (1655-67)
# Clement IX (1667-69)
# Clement X (1670-76)
# Blessed Innocent XI (1676-89)
# Alexander VIII (1689-91)
# Innocent XII (1691-1700)
# Clement XI (1700-21)
# Innocent XIII (1721-24)
# Benedict XIII (1724-30)
# Clement XII (1730-40)
# Benedict XIV (1740-58)
# Clement XIII (1758-69)
# Clement XIV (1769-74)
# Pius VI (1775-99)
# Pius VII (1800-23)
# Leo XII (1823-29)
# Pius VIII (1829-30)
# Gregory XVI (1831-46)
# Blessed Pius IX (1846-78)
# Leo XIII (1878-1903)
# St. Pius X (1903-14)
# Benedict XV (1914-22) Biographies of Benedict XV and his successors will be added at a later date
# Pius XI (1922-39)
# Pius XII (1939-58)
# Blessed John XXIII (1958-63)
# Paul VI (1963-78)
# John Paul I (1978)
# John Paul II (1978-2005)
# Benedict XVI (2005—)"

Please browse my eBay items!
Visit my new Amazon Store!

More nun fun!

2009-09-29T20:08:00.001-07:00

Reasonable Resources

2009-09-24T15:37:00.000-07:00

Well, the new (recycled) series is at an end, and the big reveal was no surprise. The same ol' list of comic books and frauds is what Candy provides for her deep historical research:

Here at Visits To Candyland, we have spent quite a lot of time researching Candy's research. We provide a defense against her accusations, and we take the time to provide respected resources, often non-Catholic ones. This list provides a platform for a Greatest Hits of our Anti-Catholic Writers label.

Candy's Vatican vs. God- No less than 15 posts touched on this one, with seven in the VVG label

Answers To My Catholic Friends/Babylon Religion (Jack Chick)

Mystery Babylon the Great

Bible Study Charts

50 Years In the Church of Rome (Charles Chiniquy)

A Woman Rides the Beast- Must be an annual May event for Candy, we posted this in May of 2008 and 2009!

Did the Catholic Church Give Us the Bible?- Another stellar illustrated history. I think my idea of a good illustrated Biblical read is a bit different.

So, if anyone was wanting more information on Candy's resources, now you have plenty to get you started. And if you'd like a sneak peek of what she might run next, check out the Anti-Catholic Writers label. Perhaps she's veer back into female territory with Sister Charlotte or Mary Anne Collins!

Art History for Dummies

2009-09-24T05:39:00.000-07:00

Hopefully we've seen the end of Candy's Catholic rant for a while. I personally think she decided to rerun all of her Catholic stuff because the attention going over to Jennie's blog and DOW started to bother her, especially since her Google rank has dropped from a 4/10 to a 3/10 and doesn't seem to be springing back easily.

Anyway,Candy went to a lot of trouble today to put images on her blog comparing Mary to the Egyptian Goddess Isis. Apparently her readers aren't versed in art appreciation and had a hard time telling the two apart! So here are some tips in discerning Mary from Isis.

First of all Isis started out in Egypt and then her lore moved to Greece and elsewhere in the ancient world. So any statue that looks distinctly Egyptian is most likely Isis. Also, Marian art would be more recent and you really wouldn't expect to see much before the 2nd century AD.

Also, Isis is frequently depicted with wings. Mary be may be depicted with 12 stars. I would hope bible readers would be able to figure our the significance of the #12. Big differences.

One of the most idiotic things Candy posted was a picture of Michelangelo's Pieta. I have no idea if the majority of Candy's readers are illiterate enough not to know this piece, but it is very famous and a renowned piece of art, and it was Michelangelo's first piece that brought him attention as an artist. You can see the wounds of Christ clearly in the figures hands and feet.

For more information please see the links below.

Early Christian Art

Ancient Egyptian Art.

A Catholic Bibliography

2009-09-23T15:27:00.000-07:00

Candy gives us her bibliography for her friends to study Catholicism. But not one of them is a Catholic source. That should be troublesome for a discerning reader. Luckily for Candy most of her readers don't seem to be.

But I think we should put up our own Catholic bibliography:

First of all, we wrote a number of articles rebutting her so called "Vatican vs. God" screed a few years back. Those are saved in del.icio.us and are also available on the side bar. To date, Candy has not rebutted anything we wrote. She won't because she can't.

Of course anyone who really wants to understand Catholicism should have the Catechism of the Catholic Church: Second Edition Amazingly some on this blog have stated that they want to learn about Catholicism but they don't even own a copy! At $10, it's not like it's an expensive inaccessible research tool, know what I mean?

Scott and Kimberly Hahn were instrumental in my reconversion to my Catholic Faith. Their books are excellent including:
Rome Sweet Home: Our Journey to Catholicism
which would blow folks who say the Catholic faith isn't scriptural out of the water! as would -
The Lamb's Supper: The Mass as Heaven on Earth
A Father Who Keeps His Promises: God's Covenant Love in Scripture and
Hail, Holy Queen: The Mother of God in the Word of God which I used quite a bit on my series on Mary back in May 2008.

Also the Surprised by the Truth Series:
Surprised by Truth: 11 Converts Give the Biblical and Historical Reasons for Becoming Catholic
Surprised By Truth 2: 15 Men and Women Give the Biblical and Historical Reasons For Becoming Catholic. (v. 2)

Surprised by Truth 3: 10 More Converts Explain the Biblical and Historical Reason for Becoming Catholic (v. 3)

Of course Dave Armstrong has some great books available for download. I use them quite frequently.

Hahn has also compiled his own bibliography of worthwhile books.

Don't forget Envoy magazine or This Rock and Catholic Answers.

Also EWTN and Catholic Radio.

Feel free to add more (There must be hundreds!) in the comment section!

Bible Chart

2009-09-23T10:45:00.000-07:00

The last time Candy posted this link was after someone left it in her comments section back in June 2008. Oh, what fun! This stuff is hysterical!

A repost from back then:

I'm not going to comment too much on this Catholic Church timeline, because we've already touched on several of the topics, and Erika is doing a good job already. But I couldn't resist poking one or two holes in some of the claims.

The Latin language, as the language of prayer and worship in churches, was also imposed by Pope Gregory I, 600 years after Christ.

The Word of God forbids praying and teaching in an unknown tongue. (600)

I'm not sure the thought occurred to the authors, but Latin was actually the common language at this time, so quite the opposite of unknown.

The Papacy is of pagan origin. The title of pope or universal bishop, was first given to the bishop of Rome by the wicked emperor Phocas. (610)

I'd like to submit some evidence that these distinctively Catholic beliefs were held long before the dates they use.

"The church of God which sojourns at Rome to the church of God which sojourns at Corinth ... But if any disobey the words spoken by him through us, let them know that they will involve themselves in transgression and in no small danger." Clement of Rome, Pope, 1st Epistle to the Corinthians, 1,59:1 (c. A.D. 96).

"And he says to him again after the resurrection, 'Feed my sheep.' It is on him that he builds the Church, and to him that he entrusts the sheep to feed. And although he assigns a like power to all the apostles, yet he founded a single Chair, thus establishing by his own authority the source and hallmark of the (Church's) oneness. No doubt the others were all that Peter was, but a primacy is given to Peter, and it is (thus) made clear that there is but one flock which is to be fed by all the apostles in common accord. If a man does not hold fast to this oneness of Peter, does he imagine that he still holds the faith? If he deserts the Chair of Peter upon whom the Church was built, has he still confidence that he is in the Church? This unity firmly should we hold and maintain, especially we bishops, presiding in the Church, in order that we may approve the episcopate itself to be the one and undivided." Cyprian, The Unity of the Church, 4-5 (A.D. 251-256).

"After such things as these, moreover, they still dare--a false bishop having been appointed for them by, heretics--to set sail and to bear letters from schismatic and profane persons to the throne of Peter, and to the chief church whence priestly unity takes its source; and not to consider that these were the Romans whose faith was praised in the preaching of the apostle, to whom faithlessness could have no access." Cyprian, To Cornelius, Epistle 54/59:14 (A.D. 252).

”The reason for your absence was both honorable and imperative, that the schismatic wolves might not rob and plunder by stealth nor the heretical dogs bark madly in the rapid fury nor the very serpent, the devil, discharge his blasphemous venom. So it seems to us right and altogether fitting that priests of the Lord from each and every province should report to their head, that is, to the See of Peter, the Apostle." Council of Sardica, To Pope Julius (A.D. 342).

Note: Clement, 3rd bishop of Rome, remarks "that there is no real 1st century evidence that Peter ever was in Rome."

That would be an awfully strange thing to remark, seeing as how Clement lived in the 1st century.

Holy Water, mixed with a pinch of salt and blessed by the priest, was authorized.

As milehimama pointed out, this comes from Scripture, though I'm not sure of the date for the book of Kings:

2 Kings 2:19-21
19 The men of the city said to Elisha, "Look, our lord, this town is well situated, as you can see, but the water is bad and the land is unproductive."

20 "Bring me a new bowl," he said, "and put salt in it." So they brought it to him.

21 Then he went out to the spring and threw the salt into it, saying, "This is what the LORD says: 'I have healed this water. Never again will it cause death or make the land unproductive.' " 22 And the water has remained wholesome to this day, according to the word Elisha had spoken.

The Mass was developed gradually as a sacrifice; attendance made obligatory in the 11th century.

"It is good and beneficial to communicate every day, and to partake of the holy body and blood of Christ. For He distinctly says, 'He that eateth my flesh and drinketh my blood hath eternal life.' And who doubts that to share frequently in life, is the same thing as to have manifold life. I, indeed, communicate four times a week, on the Lord's day, on Wednesday, on Friday, and on the Sabbath, and on the other days if there is a commemoration of any Saint.” Basil, To Patrician Caesaria, Epistle 93 (A.D. 372).

"Dearly-beloved, utter this confession with all your heart and reject the wicked lies of heretics, that your fasting and almsgiving may not be polluted by any contagion with error: for then is our offering of the sacrifice clean and oar gifts of mercy holy, when those who perform them understand that which they do. For when the Lord says, "unless ye have eaten the flesh of the Son of Man, and drunk His blood, ye will not have life in you,' you ought so to be partakers at the Holy Table, as to have no doubt whatever concerning the reality of Christ's Body and Blood. For that is taken in the mouth which is believed in Faith, and it is vain for them to respond Amend who dispute that which is taken." Pope Leo the Great, Sermon, 91:3 (ante A.D. 461).

The dogma of Transubstantiation was decreed by Pope Innocent III, in th year 1215.

"For not as common bread and common drink do we receive these; but in like manner as Jesus Christ our Saviour, having been made flesh and blood for our salvation, so likewise have we been taught that the food which is blessed by the prayer of His word, and from which our blood and flesh by transmutation are nourished, is the flesh and blood of that Jesus who was made flesh." Justin Martyr, First Apology, 66 (A.D. 110-165).

"They abstain from the Eucharist and from prayer, because they confess not the Eucharist to be the flesh of our Saviour Jesus Christ, which suffered for our sins, and which the Father, of His goodness, raised up again." Ignatius of Antioch, Epistle to Smyrnaeans, 7,1 (c. A.D. 110).

"For the blood of the grape--that is, the Word--desired to be mixed with water, as His blood is mingled with salvation. And the blood of the Lord is twofold. For there is the blood of His flesh, by which we are redeemed from corruption; and the spiritual, that by which we are anointed. And to drink the blood of Jesus, is to become partaker of the Lord's immortality; the Spirit being the energetic principle of the Word, as blood is of flesh. Accordingly, as wine is blended with water, so is the Spirit with man. And the one, the mixture of wine and water, nourishes to faith; while the other, the Spirit, conducts to immortality. And the mixture of both--of the water and of the Word--is called Eucharist, renowned and glorious grace; and they who by faith partake of it are sanctified both in body and soul." Clement of Alexandria, The Instructor, 2 (ante A.D. 202).

"He once in Cana of Galilee, turned the water into wine, akin to blood, and is it incredible that He should have turned wine into blood?" Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures, XXII:4 (c. A.D. 350).

"Having learn these things, and been fully assured that the seeming bread is not bread, though sensible to taste, but the Body of Christ; and that the seeming wine is not wine, though the taste will have it so, but the Blood of Christ; and that of this David sung of old, saying, And bread strengtheneth man's heart, to make his face to shine with oil, 'strengthen thou thine heart,' by partaking thereof as spiritual, and "make the face of thy soul to shine."" Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures, XXII:8 (c. A.D. 350).

"Then having sanctified ourselves by these spiritual Hymns, we beseech the merciful God to send forth His Holy Spirit upon the gifts lying before Him; that He may make the Bread the Body of Christ, and the Wine the Blood of Christ; for whatsoever the Holy Ghost has touched, is surely sanctified and changed." Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures, XXIII:7 (c. A.D. 350).

Confession of sin to the priest at least once a year was instituted by Pope Innocent III, in the Lateran Council. (1215)

“In church confess your sins, and do not come to your prayer with a guilt conscience. Such is the Way of Life...On the Lord's own day, assemble in common to break bread and offer thanks; but first confess your sins, so that your sacrifice may be pure." Didache, 4:14,14:1 (c. A.D. 90).

"Father who knowest the hearts of all grant upon this Thy servant whom Thou hast chosen for the episcopate to feed Thy holy flock and serve as Thine high priest, that he may minister blamelessly by night and day, that he may unceasingly behold and appropriate Thy countenance and offer to Thee the gifts of Thy holy Church. And that by the high priestly Spirit he may have authority to forgive sins..." Hippolytus, Apostolic Tradition, 3 (A.D. 215).

"In addition to these there is also a seventh, albeit hard and laborious: the remission of sins through penance...when he does not shrink from declaring his sin to a priest of the Lord." Origen, Homilies on Leviticus, 2:4 (A.D. 248).

"For although in smaller sins sinners may do penance for a set time, and according to the rules of discipline come to public confession, and by imposition of the hand of the bishop and clergy receive the right of communion: now with their time still unfulfilled, while persecution is still raging, while the peace of the Church itself is not vet restored, they are admitted to communion, and their name is presented; and while the penitence is not yet performed, confession is not yet made, the hands Of the bishop and clergy are not yet laid upon them, the eucharist is given to them; although it is written, 'Whosoever shall eat the bread and drink the cup of the Lord unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord.'" Cyprian, To the Clergy, 9 (16):2 (A.D. 250).

Actually, these all seem to come from Loraine Boettner’s book, Roman Catholicism. You can read an article debunking several of these points on the Catholic Answers site:

Item: "Bible forbidden to laymen, placed on the Index of Forbidden Books by the Council of Valencia . . . [A.D.] 1229."

This looks rather damaging, but Boettner has his history completely wrong. The first thing to note is that the Index of Forbidden Books was established in 1559, so a council held in 1229 could hardly have listed a book on it.

The second point is that there apparently has never been any Church council in Valencia, Spain. If there had been one, it could not have taken place in 1229 because Muslim Moors then controlled the city. It is inconceivable that Muslims, who were at war with Spanish Christians, and had been off and on for five centuries, would allow Catholic bishops to hold a council in one of their cities. The Christian armies did not liberate Valencia from Moorish rule until nine years later, 1238. So Valencia is out.

Let's not forget the pagan innovation of candles used in Catholic Churches!

An example of "pagan" Jews using wax candles in worship. Perhaps they would be surprised that the Catholic Church gets credit for this "innovation."

I think this also begs the question as to what should be used an alternative for church lighting. If electric lights are the Christian thing to use, then I think you'd be showing a pretty recent founding for your church.

Besides, these pagans are using electric lights AND candles in their worship:

Actually, I visited a Hindu temple once on a field trip, and all of the statues were decorated with electric lights, similar to this:

I'm not really sure what lighting alternative we would have left if we ruled out everything that pagans use. After all, they can sit around in the sunlight and moonlight, too.

Candy - Geography not her biggest forte.

2009-09-22T09:57:00.000-07:00

Today Candy Brauer at Keeping the home.com writes:

Welcome to Keeping The Home:

"Another point to mention, is that the whore that rides the beast is a city that sits atop seven hills. The only city in the world that houses a HUGE religious entity is Rome. Rome sits on top of seven hills."

The Vatican, the Holy See, is located on its very own hill, across the Tiber river.

The Vatican City State is the smallest sovereign state in the world, occupying an area of little less than ½ km2 in the centre of Rome. It covers St. Peter's Square, the Basilica of St. Peter, the Vatican Museums and adjacent buildings, and the garden behind all this. A number of major churches in Rome and the Papal palace in Castel Gandolfo have extraterritorial status and are under the jurisdiction of the Holy See.

Candy tends to hae a very limited repertoire and must constantly recirculate thigns she ahs already posted because the boundaries of her knowledge base on Catholicism are definitely finite.

As it turns out, we already did a post on this in September of 2007. Thanks Candy for making it so easy for us to just keep rebutting you!

Whore of Babylon written by Colin Donovan, STL

(Colin B. Donovan, STL is Vice President for Theology at EWTN. A layman, he has the Licentiate in Sacred Theology)

Judging by the criteria of biblical fundamentalism (literal words literally
understood) it is certain that there is no mention of the Catholic Church in the
book of Revelation as the Whore of Babylon. By contortions of interpretation
(not biblical literalism) some groups and individuals equate the Whore in
Revelation 17:9 with the Catholic Church since Rome is the famous city of seven
hills and the Church's principal See is Rome. This position is untenable, both
factually and from the only words of Scripture which tell us of the actual
doctrine of the Antichrist, those of the apostle John in his letters.

There would seem to be two choices, either interpret Rev 17:9 absolutely literally or according to some interpretive key that is metaphorical, allegorical or otherwise non-literal. Lets look first at literal interpretation.

"The seven heads represent seven hills on which the woman sits." First of all, no Pope has ever lived or had his "seat" (cathedra or cathedral) on any of the seven hills of Rome. These hills are small hillocks (Capitoline, Palatine, Esquiline, Aventine and three lesser "bumps" in central Rome) where the religion and government of pagan Rome was situated. The Catholic Church's headquarters at the Lateran (the cathedral) and at the Vatican (where the Pope lives) does not coincide with them. At the time that John wrote Revelation the Christians of Rome lived mostly in Trastevere (trans Tiber), a district "across the Tiber" from the City and adjacent to the Vatican hill where St. Peter was crucified and buried. The Vatican is on top of that burial site and is today its own city-state distinct from Rome and Italy.

So, of what was St. John

speaking when he wrote Revelation on the island of Patmos around 96 AD?

Obviously of the pagan imperial system situated on the Seven Hills, especially
the Capitoline (the religious and political center) and the Palatine (the imperial palace). This pagan power persecuted the Church of Rome in Nero's day (64-67 AD), and in the mid-90s under Domitian was persecuting Christians throughout the Roman world. Domitian was considered by the people a re-incarnation of the evil, but well-liked, Nero (the head that lives again).

While the antichrist Nero persecuted only the Christians of Rome, Domitian extended that persecution throughout the empire. Both are thus types of the final persecutor, the Antichrist.

Why the cryptic name Babylon? First, the historical Babylon was the pagan power which persecuted the People of God, the Jews, between 610 and 538 BC, destroying the Temple and dispersing the people. The Romans inherited that mantle of infamy when they destroyed the Temple in 70 AD, and, more importantly, persecuted the new People of God, the Church. Thus, St. Peter, writing from Rome refers to as "Babylon" (1 Pt. 5:13) - a name any Jew or Christian familiar with the Old Testament would know.

How does this relate to the Antichrist? The future Antichrist will be a world-wide power, essentially pagan, which will persecute the Catholic Church (and orthodox Christians in general) everywhere, as the Babylonians persecuted the Jews and 1st century Rome the Church. These are biblical types! The Babylon of John's day, Rome, stands for the kingdom of the future Antichrist and is no more likely to be situated in Italy than Rome needed to be situated in Babylonia (modern Iraq). John was informing his readers of these prophetic types by drawing their attention to the contemporary fulfillment they found in pagan Rome. The Antichrist will come out of the Christian world (Greco-Roman civilization) to be sure (1 John 2:19), but America is as much an inheritor of that civilization as Europe and just as likely to be the source of the Antichrist.

Finally, after distorting the text and history to read what they want into the Bible, and thereby obtaining God's "blessing" on their hatred of the Catholic Church, some "Christians" ignore the only texts of Scripture which tells us about the religious leanings of the Antichrist. The Catholic faith being a religion you would think they would see what it teaches on the only criteria the Bible actually gives about the Antichrist. In St. John's letters (1 John 4, 2 John 1), he tells us that the spirit of the Antichrist denies the Incarnation (the Son of God becoming man) and thereby also the Trinity (the Father and the Spirit, too). This is the spirit of the Antichrist.

There is not a single text in 2000 years, including the new Catechism of the
Catholic Church, where the Catholic Church, her popes, her bishops, her official
teachings, her saints, or her acknowledged ecclesiastical authors, deny the
Word-made-flesh or the Blessed Trinity. Instead, all of Christianity owes the
preservation of these Truths to the Catholic Church, whose great Councils
formulated them and whose saints and popes have defended them to this day, often
at the cost of martyrdom. The present pope, John Paul II, has written three great encyclical (circular) letters on the Trinity, one for each Divine Person,and he has without a doubt preached Jesus Christ to more people than any other person in human history. The Catholic Church does not have the spirit of the Antichrist but of God, since no one without the Spirit can say "Jesus is Lord" (1 Cor. 12:3), something the Church and Catholics always have done and continue to do!

Candy and the Rosary

2009-09-20T09:22:00.000-07:00

Welcome to Keeping The Home: "This false virgin and child cult started up strange practices, such as the rosary. In fact, some statues of Diana (who was the same as Ashtoreth/Semiramis, but in a different tongue) wore rosary beads around the neck."

Candy is nothing if not consistent - consistently wrong.

We already handled how the rosary is scriptural by linking to this wonderful article here. The first part of the Hail Mary prayer is directly from the words spoken to Mary by the Angel Gabriel You can read more about the scriptures that go with saying the Rosary in the article.

The origins of the rosary are not as clear cut as Candy likes to think.

Father Sanders has this informative article:

The origins of the rosary are "sketchy" at best. The use of "prayer beads" and the repeated recitation of prayers to aid in meditation stem from the earliest days of the Church and has roots in pre-Christian times. Evidence exists from the Middle Ages that strings of beads were used to count Our Fathers and Hail Marys. Actually, these strings of beads became known as "Paternosters," the Latin for "Our Father."

The structure of the rosary gradually evolved between the 12th and 15th centuries. Eventually 50 Hail Marys were recited and linked with verses of psalms or other phrases evoking the lives of Jesus and Mary. During this time, this prayer form became known as the rosarium ("rose garden"), actually a common term to designate a collection of similar material, such as an anthology of stories on the same subject or theme. During the 16th century, the structure of the five-decade rosary based on the three sets of mysteries prevailed.

Tradition does hold that St. Dominic (d. 1221) devised the rosary as we know it. Moved by a vision of our Blessed Mother, he preached the use of the rosary in his missionary work among the Albigensians, who had denied the mystery of Christ. Some scholars take exception to St. Dominic's role in forming the rosary. The earliest accounts of his life do not mention it, the Dominican constitutions do not link him with it and contemporaneous portraits do not include it as a symbol to identify the saint.

It occurred to me that Candy et al may not even know what a Rosary looks like!

Here are some links to some beautiful rosaries- note that they all have crucifixes - crosses with the crucified Christ on them - something Candy never mentions in any of her screeds.
Garden of Grace Rosaries
Catholic Company
Clearly Catholic
Rope Rosaries

Incidentally, the early Asian, Mesopotamian, African and European cultures weren't the only ones to make and wear beads- so did the ancient North and South American Indians - beads certainly aren't reserved just for Catholics!!

Incidentally- famous Protestant ladies also wore beads!

You can add the Liturgical Calendar to your Google Calendar!

2009-09-19T12:51:00.000-07:00

This is kind of neat! The Universalis: Calendar for 2009 is available, and down at the bottom is a button for adding the liturgical year to your Google Calendar! How convenient!!

How alone is faith alone?

2009-09-19T10:08:00.000-07:00

I'm waiting until Candy has doled out a few more installments in The Birth of Both Churches to add comments. As Elena has mentioned, if you really can't wait, we've written about it plenty already.

I did want to talk a bit about what Candy wrote in the comments section, because it ties into a point we have made repeatedly here at VTC. I'll reproduce Candy's comments in their entirety so that they will be preserved, in case we need them again in the future.

Marie asks: Interesting, but there is something I don't understand. As long as you accept Jesus Christ as your Savior and the only way to the Father, does it matter what rituals/practices you follow? Why do the origins matter at all? Isn't this just form over substance?

Candy replies:

Marie, that is a fabulous question. Yes, it matters very much to God. You see, Solomon conitnued to believe in Jehovah, but he also ~added~ practices, such as rituals that were used for Baal, Molech, and Milcom worship.

Solomon still believed in Jehovah, but he was including practices that weren't of Jehovah into his religious zeal. The Bible tells us how severely God disproved of it. This led to Solormon's son ripping apart Israel, and it led to the division of 12 tribes into the House of Israel and the House of Judah, and these two houses faught against each other for YEARS, up until the captivity.

Sincereity will never save us. Faith in Christ, and in Him ALONE is what saves us. If one is practicing non-biblical traditions, rites, and rituals, then they are practicing Jesus AND... And even if they are sincere in that practice, they are sincerely wrong, and damned, because God's Word is right there in front of them, but they refused to read and believe it. They chose man's word over God's Word. We are saved by Faith in Christ alone, and NOTHING else.

God gave us the Holy Bible so that we could read it and know how HE wants us to worship Him.

How horrible it is, when people choose to ~not~ read the Bible, but instead follow what man teaches them.

For example, what if you had to leave your children, but you left them a letter that you wrote from your heart. What if your kids didn't bother reading your letter, and they appeared to revere what their friends said about you, instead of reading the letter YOU left them? Wouldn't that just break your heart?

That was a weak example, but hopefully it makes my point clear.

FAITH in Christ means that we live the way Christ wants us to. Christ told us how He wants us to live - in the Bible. Christ specifically spoke out against traditions of men, and He clearly abhorred them.

Friend, we are in a serious famine of the Word of God. I can't think of more than a handful of Christians that I know IRL who have read the Bible! :-(

Shame on us for not seeking God and His Word. Shame on us for following man instead of God.

We need to repent of this, and turn to the Heavenly Father.

She then writes a follow-up comment:

Marie, I'm glad my example was clear.

Yes, we all make mistakes, and that's why God gave us 1 John 1:9. However, the Christian walk also includes growth and spirutual education. This means what when a Christian finds they were doing a practice that is not biblical, they need to stop.

If a Chrsitian was doing a practice they completely, 100%, honestly thought was biblical, but it was not, then that sin will not be imputed to them, ~if~ they are a saved person. It is only imputed to that person as sin, if they find out what they were doing was at enmity with the Word of God, but they continue to follow that ritual anyhow:

"Therefore to him that knoweth to do good, and doeth it not, to him it is sin." James 4:17

Also, don't fall for the Interpretation Game. The Bible is very clear, if we just READ it for ~ourselves~ and not let our mind get cluttered by critics who have twisted the Word and therefore confuse us.

For example, what's hard to understand about the Scripture I just quoted? Does it not say, as clear as the nose on our face, that if one knows to do good, but doesn't do so, then they are sinning?

Yet, a textual critic can twist that little Scripture around to mean a myriad of fables. If you take the Word of God at ~face value~ and just read it for what it says, then you'll see there are no "interpretations" needed. This is why God gives us this beautiful promise:

"Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path." -Pslam 119:105

How can the Bible guide us, if we can't understand it? LOL

PS - There are some deep meanings in the Scriptures that one won't understand when they first read the Bible. Yet God promises us that if we seek, we will find. Every time I re-read the Bible, I learn more than I did the previous time. It is the Word of God. No one can ever know all of the lessons of the Word, because to our finite minds the Word is infinite. Yet - it never contradicts.

Finally (as of right now) she writes:

Kind of... The basic gist is that if one seeks God - truly Seeks Him, then they will find Jesus Christ and get saved. As a baby Christian, they will still be learning about how God wants to lead them. God will help them grow and learn. The main way a Christian gains knowledge is via the Bible.

If a Christian brother or sister sees their fellow Christian go astray, then the Word says that it's that person's job to tell their friend, to help them get back on track.

Yet, we should be like the Bereans, and test ~everything~ with the Word of God.

If someone tells you that you need to pray to Mary, for example, then search the Scriptures first. You'll find that prayer to anyone except God is something God hates. Therefore, with the knowledge that you are NOT supposed to pray to Mary - if you do so anyway, then you are sinning against God.

On the other hand, if you were raised Catholic, for example, and then a friend led you to Christ, but you continue practicing Cathlic rituals, it is not sin if you continue to seek God, and as soon as you learn (which you will, if you seek) that all of those rituals are not biblical, you should choose to follow God, not man.

Candy has some major contradictions going on here. First, she says that sincerity will not save you. She and Erik have said this many times before. If you are Catholic, but not saved, then you will go to hell. However, if you are somehow a saved Catholic but are still attending Mass and doing other Catholic abominations then that is okay, because you don't know it is wrong.

If you sincerely think you are a Christian, then it doesn't count. If you are a Christian, but sincerely don't understand what it takes to be a Christian, then that's okay. Until you learn that it isn't okay, and then it's not. If you don't know because you refuse to read the Bible, then that's bad, but if you don't know because you haven't yet read the Bible, then that okay, but who knows for how long until it counts as refusing to read the Bible. Clear as mud?

The other, bigger issue, is that Candy feels Catholic practices indicate a belief that we are saved by faith AND (Mass, praying to saints, sacrificing babies to Molech, and other Catholic doctrines) rather than by faith ALONE.

Candy has written previously: You are saved (not "being saved") by faith, not by Mary, rites, Eucharist, mass, works ("good deeds"), rituals, or traditions. Jesus hates the traditions of the Roman Catholic church. We know this because of how much He hated the traditions of the religious people who were around at His time on this earth, the Pharisees.

As I've said before, if being saved means believing that we are saved though God's grace, through our faith in Jesus Christ, as is manifest by our works, then Candy need not fear for the salvation of Catholics. However, if being saved means believing that PLUS rejecting the Catholic Church, then it isn't really being saved by faith ALONE, is it?

Let us look at some of Candy's criteria for being really saved. Because you can claim to be saved, but there are indications if you are not REALLY saved.

Candy's list of what you need to attain salvation:

Pray the Sinner's Prayer.
Produce good works automatically.
Have a "feeling" of assurance of salvation.
Will study Bible intensively every day, reading a King James Bible from front to back.
Have feelings of revulsion towards ungodly parts of your previous life (i.e., nauseated when you listen to rock music.)
Will reject the Catholic Church. If you do not "come out of her" then you are not really saved.

That is a lot of faith AND. In order to REALLY be a Christian, you must have faith in Jesus AND really feel saved, and reject the Catholic Church, and read the Bible, and and and . . . .

The problem that I see in all of this, is that most of it relies on interior motivation. What is the difference between a Christian automatically producing good works in order to store of crowns in Heaven, and an unsaved Catholic doing good works allegedly in order to earn their salvation? You can't tell by looking at two women ladling out soup in the soup kitchen which is the true Christian.

Similarly, how can we tell by looking at Candy that she isn't trying to earn her salvation by wearing only flowing dresses, studying her Bible, homeschooling her children, not allowing her children to participate in Children's Church, preparing healthy meals for her family (listed on a video as what a Christian homemaker does), and trying to pass out tracts? She assures us that she is not being legalistic, because she does not do these things in order to earn her salvation, but because she is a Christian.

Candy always assumes the worst of Catholics. They must be going to Mass in order to be saved. They must be doing good works in order to be saved. But we aren't. We believe we are saved by God's grace. We do these "rituals" because we believe they bring us closer to God, because we are led to do them by the Holy Spirit, and because we are trying to be obedient to God.

Sincerity won't save us. But God's grace will.

This World according to Candy

2009-09-18T11:28:00.000-07:00

Iwondered how long Candy was going to go without throwing some rocks at the Catholic church. I actually thought she would have put something up sooner.

Today she presents us with part 1 of her version of ancient history. From experience, I know just were this is going. You can read the Catholic rebuttal in:Did the Catholic Church Have Its Origin in Paganism? (This Rock: May-June 2005)

Kelly also wrote extensively about this topic back in Januaryand February.

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Catholic Encyclicals on the Bible

2009-09-16T07:54:00.000-07:00

I recently found a blog run by Catholic professors of Scripture and Theology called The Sacred Page. I see that Moonshadow is ahead of me on this one.

Contrary to what Candy and others assert, the Bible is not banned for Catholics. Bible study is encouraged, and it has been the subject of several papal writings.

The three papal encyclicals on the Bible.

These are:
1. Pope Leo XIII,
Encyclical Letter On the Study of Sacred Scripture,
Providentissimus Deus, 1893

2. Pope Benedict XV,
Encyclical Letter Commemorating the Fifteenth Centenary of the Death of St. Jerome,
Spiritus Paraclitus, 1920

3. Pope Pius XII,
Encyclical Letter Promoting Biblical Studies,
Divino Afflante Spiritu, 1943

As I'm reading through these encyclicals again, I'm struck by what a treasure trove of teaching they are on a whole host of issues: inspiration, inerrancy, interpretation, the literal and spiritual senses of Scripture, the role of the Scripture in the spiritual life and mission of the Church, and on and on.

As you can see by the dates, this Catholic interest in the Bible even pre-dates Vatican II. Perhaps some of you would be interested in giving Mary and the Pope a rest, and discussing our commonalities and differences in views on the Bible.

Some previous topics of interest from VTC:
The Catholic Bible
Bible Catholics
The Catholic View of Scripture

Exaltation of the Cross

2009-09-14T05:05:00.000-07:00

Protestants here often comment that Catholics are so interested in Mary and "obscuring doctrines" that we miss the gospel message. I wanted to point out that throughout the liturgical year we are always pointed towards Christ and today's feast is a good example. Today is the feast of the Exaltation of the Cross and we remember Christ's sacrifice and death on the cross as well as his resurrection and triumph. You can read more about this interesting day in the link below.

Exaltation of the Cross

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Open Line Friday!

2009-09-11T04:26:00.000-07:00

Ya'll seem to want to talk about whatever it is YOU want to talk about - so have at it!!

Here's a conversation starter - Scott Hahn has been instrumental in helping many convert to Catholicism. He is also a convert to the faith. Here is some of his work on the Papacy - an issue that divides us which seems to be what ya'll want to focus on. Hahn's scholarship was also called into question yesterday by Paul. Enjoy!

What's not on the table.

2009-09-09T06:23:00.000-07:00

Interestingly, some things kept popping into the discussion about the scriptures that had no place being there - as if our separated brethren were trying to teach us about Christianity! So I thought I'd bring up a few of the strawmen and assure folks that Catholics already know this - there is no need to keep bringing it up into every discussion.

1. Scripture always points to Jesus Christ because its purpose is to reveal Him as our Savior, from beginning to end.

2. Christ's death and resurrection and ascension to the Father are essential and central to the gospel and ARE the only gospel.

3. The Holy Spirit always points to Christ as our gate, our way, our life, our hope, our High Priest, our sacrifice, our mediator, our Bridegroom.

4. The gospels and the whole NT reveal that Jesus is fully human and fully divine. He is shown to be the Son of God and the Son of Man foretold by prophecy and Gabriel the archangel.

5. The Old Testament is scripture too, and Jesus and the Apostles used it to show the plan of God prophesied and brought about from the beginning.

6. If people couldn't read or have their own copies (of scripture), they could hear it read in their churches.

OK That's enough for now , but the above 6 points are all things that we agree on! So I for one would appreciate not having them brought up as a debate point all the time.