wabagric

Invest In Cassava In Africa: A Lucrative Business Opportunity Worldwide

2024-07-21T23:23:00.000-07:00

Why Invest in Cassava? Cassava is renowned for its high yield per hectare, making it an attractive proposition for businesses aiming to maximize agricultural productivity. This drought-tolerant crop thrives in diverse climatic conditions across Africa, requiring minimal inputs compared to other staples like maize or wheat. Its versatility extends beyond food security, with industrial applications such as bioethanol production, that cater to growing global demands for sustainable energy sources.

Health Benefits of Tiger Nuts

2024-07-11T16:14:00.000-07:00

Essential minerals to improve bodily function. ... Important vitamins for overall health. ... Antioxidants boost to fend off diseases. ... Healthy fats for a healthier heart. ... Better digestion. ... Improved blood sugar control. ... Stronger bones. ... Libido lift.script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1330503168377194" crossorigin="anonymous">

Medicinal valu of bitter leaf

2023-08-02T11:34:00.001-07:00

Bitter leaf belongs to the Asteraceae family in the large genus Vernonia. The plant is a shrub with moderate canopies occurring in open, regrowth forest locations; it is often raised around habitations. The leaves are broad, ovate and spirally-arranged on branches. As a pot-herb and source of medicinals, bitter leaf is in a special class in terms of the cultural methods of preparation. The leaves are squeezed in water with salt added to wash off toxic materials which ooze out as foamy, brown exudates until they are clean. This is one form in which the vegetable is sold in the market. In the early 80s when the crusade for the use of herbal medicine began, bitter leaf was one of the abused local herbs. Some people drank the exudates that were traditionally washed out of the leaves before use as vegetables. I know two close friends who came down with massive skin eruptions which required medical attention!

BENEFITS OF DRINKING SOURSOP

2023-07-20T00:13:00.000-07:00

into any health food store and you’ll immediately see the vast variety of herbal products available – especially teas. Everyone’s always looking for the latest drink that will keep their bodies happy and healthy. Speaking of healthy drinks, we’ve got another contender to add to your list: soursop tea. It might not be as common as green or chamomile teas, but it does have some amazing health benefits. We want to share some of the research behind this tea and its medicinal properties. Keep reading to learn how drinking soursop tea can help your body, as well as how this tea came into popular culture. What Is Soursop Tea? Before we dive into the various benefits of soursop tea, let’s take a peek into the history of this immunity-boosting beverage. “Soursop” is actually the name of a fruit that grows in the tropical region of the Americas and the Caribbean, as well as in Africa. It’s scientifically known as “Annona muricata” but locally called guanabana, paw-paw, sirsak, among other names. You might be surprised to learn that soursop is a part of the Annonaceae family – aka, the custard apple family. However, it tastes more like mango or pineapple than it does a traditional apple. For generations now, soursop has been harvested to produce a variety of items, from cooking oils to soaps and herbal medicines. Ancient practices used it as a fertility drug, treatment for illness, insecticide, and much more. Today, research continues to support many of the original uses of soursop. Let’s talk about some of the biggest health benefits that modern drinkers can absorb by turning to soursop tea. 1. Boost Your Immune Health 5 Ways Soursop Tea Can Benefit Your Health 1 The first and arguably most sought-after benefit is soursop’s ability to build and improve immune systems. Its high level of vitamin C helps fight pathogens while protecting your skin from oxidization damage. Vitamin C isn’t the only antioxidant in soursop. The fruit also contains: Phytosterols, which can reduce blood cholesterol levels Tannins, which contains antimicrobial effects Flavonoids, which regulate cellular activity and fight free radicals Many choose to drink soursop tea in an effort to ward off illness and defend their body against viruses and bacteria. You can drink soursop as a preventative measure or to help shorten sicknesses like the common cold. 2. Fight Inflammation soursop tea helps fight inflammation Free radicals in your body don’t just cause illness – they can also lead to stress and inflammation. The antioxidant properties in soursop tea don’t just help with your immune health. They also help with chronic conditions caused by inflammation, such as: Asthma Heart disease Diabetes Alzheimer’ disease Arthritis Even if you aren’t dealing with one of the conditions listed here, drinking soursop tea can relieve tensions and

AGRIC LOAN IN NIGERIA

2023-07-19T04:07:00.001-07:00

Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (ACGSF) The ACGSF was established by Decree No. 20 of 1977, and started operations in April, 1978. Its original share capital and paid-up capital were N100 million and N85.6 million, respectively. The Federal Government holds 60% and the Central Bank of Nigeria, 40% of the shares. The capital base of the Scheme was increased to N3 billion in March, 2001. The Fund guarantees credit facilities extended to farmers by banks up to 75% of the amount in default net of any security realized. The Fund is managed by the Central Bank of Nigeria, which handles the day-to-day operations of the Scheme. The Guidelines stipulate the eligible enterprises for which guarantees could be issued under the Scheme. Between 1978 and 1989 when the government stipulated lending quotas for banks under the Scheme, there was consistent increase in the lending portfolios of banks to agriculture, but after the deregulation of the financial system, banks started shying away by reducing their loans to the sector due to the perceived risk. In order to reverse the declining trend several innovations and products were introduced under the Scheme such as: the Self-Help Group Linkage Banking, Trust Fund Model and Interest Draw Back . Application forms under the Scheme are obtainable from various branches of participating banks throughout the country. The various forms normally completed in the operation of the Scheme by banks can be downloaded from the list below: Application for credit facilities Application for Guarantee Application for Enhancement Application for Extension Notice of Default Guarantee Claims; and Annual Returns Agricultural Credit Support Scheme (ACSS) The ACSS is an initiative of the Federal Government and the Central Bank of Nigeria with the active support and participation of the Bankers� Committee. The Scheme has a prescribed fund of N50.0billion. ACSS was introduced to enable farmers exploit the untapped potentials of Nigeria�s agricultural sector, reduce inflation, lower the cost of agricultural production (i. e. food items), generate surplus for export, increase Nigeria�s foreign earnings as well as diversify its revenue base. At national level, the scheme operates through a Central Implementation Committee (CIC) while at the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and State levels, the Scheme operates through State Implementation Committees (SICs) instituted to ensure that the objectives of the scheme is realized without hindrance. To access loans under ACSS, applicants (practicing farmers and agro-allied entrepreneurs with means) are encouraged to approach their banks for loan through the respective state chapters of farmers associations and State Implementation Committees. However, large scale farmers are allowed under the scheme to apply directly to the banks in accordance with the guidelines. ACSS funds are disbursed to farmers and agro-allied entrepreneurs at a single-digit interest rate of 8.0 percent. At the commencement of the project support, banks will grant loans to qualified applicants at 14.0 per cent interest rate. Applicants who pay back their facilities on schedule are to enjoy a rebate of 6.0 per cent, thus reducing the effective rate of interest to be paid by farmers to 8.0 per cent. The Implementation Guidelines will be determined administratively as soon as a decision is taken on the proposed fund. Commercial Agriculture Credit Scheme (CACS) As part of its developmental role, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources (FMA&WR) established the Commercial Agriculture Credit Scheme (CACS) in 2009 to provide finance for the country�s agricultural value chain (production, processing, storage and marketing). Increased production arising from the intervention would moderate inflationary pressures and assist the Bank to achieve its goal of price stability in the country. The primary objectives of the Scheme are to: Fast-track the development of the agricultural sector of the Nigerian economy by providing credit facilities to large-scale commercial farmers at a single digit interest rate; Enhance national food security by increasing food supply and effecting lower agricultural produce and products prices, thereby promoting low food inflation; Reduce the cost of credit in agricultural production to enable farmers exploit the untapped potentials of the sector; and Increase output, generate employment, diversify Nigeria�s revenue base, raise the level of foreign exchange earnings and provide input for manufacturing and processing on a sustainable basis. The Scheme which is a sub�component of the Federal Government of Nigeria�s Commercial Agriculture Development Programme (CADP) is financed through a N200billion Bond raised by the Debt Management Office (DMO). Loans to eligible entities under the Scheme are disbursed at a maximum interest of 9 percent. The subsidy arising from this stipulated rate and the market rate on all loans granted, and the administrative expenses of the Scheme are borne by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The Central Bank of Nigeria and the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Waters Resources jointly ensure that the scheme is implemented successfully. This is achieved through the Project Steering Committee (PSC) comprising the Honourable Minister of Agriculture and Water Resources (Chairman), the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, Representatives of the Federal Ministry of Finance and Commercial Farmers, respectively and the Programme Coordinator of the Commercial Agriculture Development Programme. The day-to-day implementation of the Scheme is undertaken by a Technical Implementation Committee (TIC) made up of the Director of Development Finance Department, CBN as the Chairman, Head of Agricultural Credit Support Division, CBN and a Consulting Group as members, and the Programme Coordinator of the Commercial Agriculture Development Programme of the Federal Government as the Secretary. CACS is operated in two tranches of N100billion each. The 1st Phase of the tranche ran from May to December, 2009, while the 2nd tranche commenced in February, 2010. Detailed information on the operational modalities for the CACS are shown on the Guidelines for Commercial Agricultural Credit Scheme while the performance of the Scheme are indicated in the Monthly Report. Click here to see frequently asked questions on Development Finance Facts : 3/1/1993 Nigerian Inter-Bank Settlement System:In March 1993, the Nigerian Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) was incorportaed to enhance the speed and effeciency of the national clearing system. See All: Facts | Events Related Links All Publications All Occasional Papers SMEEIS Reports Annual Reports ACGSF Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund (ACGSF) The ACGSF was established by Decree No. 20 of 1977, and started operations in April, 1978. Its original share capital and paid-up capital were N100 million and N85.6 million, respectively. The Federal Government holds 60% and the Central Bank of Nigeria, 40% of the shares. The capital base of the Scheme was increased to N3 billion in March, 2001. The Fund guarantees credit facilities extended to farmers by banks up to 75% of the amount in default net of any security realized. The Fund is managed by the Central Bank of Nigeria, which handles the day-to-day operations of the Scheme. The Guidelines stipulate the eligible enterprises for which guarantees could be issued under the Scheme. Between 1978 and 1989 when the government stipulated lending quotas for banks under the Scheme, there was consistent increase in the lending portfolios of banks to agriculture, but after the deregulation of the financial system, banks started shying away by reducing their loans to the sector due to the perceived risk. In order to reverse the declining trend several innovations and products were introduced under the Scheme such as: the Self-Help Group Linkage Banking, Trust Fund Model and Interest Draw Back . Application forms under the Scheme are obtainable from various branches of participating banks throughout the country. The various forms normally completed in the operation of the Scheme by banks can be downloaded from the list below: Application for credit facilities Application for Guarantee Application for Enhancement Application for Extension Notice of Default Guarantee Claims; and Annual Returns Agricultural Credit Support Scheme (ACSS) The ACSS is an initiative of the Federal Government and the Central Bank of Nigeria with the active support and participation of the Bankers� Committee. The Scheme has a prescribed fund of N50.0billion. ACSS was introduced to enable farmers exploit the untapped potentials of Nigeria�s agricultural sector, reduce inflation, lower the cost of agricultural production (i. e. food items), generate surplus for export, increase Nigeria�s foreign earnings as well as diversify its revenue base. At national level, the scheme operates through a Central Implementation Committee (CIC) while at the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and State levels, the Scheme operates through State Implementation Committees (SICs) instituted to ensure that the objectives of the scheme is realized without hindrance. To access loans under ACSS, applicants (practicing farmers and agro-allied entrepreneurs with means) are encouraged to approach their banks for loan through the respective state chapters of farmers associations and State Implementation Committees. However, large scale farmers are allowed under the scheme to apply directly to the banks in accordance with the guidelines. ACSS funds are disbursed to farmers and agro-allied entrepreneurs at a single-digit interest rate of 8.0 percent. At the commencement of the project support, banks will grant loans to qualified applicants at 14.0 per cent interest rate. Applicants who pay back their facilities on schedule are to enjoy a rebate of 6.0 per cent, thus reducing the effective rate of interest to be paid by farmers to 8.0 per cent. The Implementation Guidelines will be determined administratively as soon as a decision is taken on the proposed fund. Commercial Agriculture Credit Scheme (CACS) As part of its developmental role, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) in collaboration with the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources (FMA&WR) established the Commercial Agriculture Credit Scheme (CACS) in 2009 to provide finance for the country�s agricultural value chain (production, processing, storage and marketing). Increased production arising from the intervention would moderate inflationary pressures and assist the Bank to achieve its goal of price stability in the country. The primary objectives of the Scheme are to: Fast-track the development of the agricultural sector of the Nigerian economy by providing credit facilities to large-scale commercial farmers at a single digit interest rate; Enhance national food security by increasing food supply and effecting lower agricultural produce and products prices, thereby promoting low food inflation; Reduce the cost of credit in agricultural production to enable farmers exploit the untapped potentials of the sector; and Increase output, generate employment, diversify Nigeria�s revenue base, raise the level of foreign exchange earnings and provide input for manufacturing and processing on a sustainable basis. The Scheme which is a sub�component of the Federal Government of Nigeria�s Commercial Agriculture Development Programme (CADP) is financed through a N200billion Bond raised by the Debt Management Office (DMO). Loans to eligible entities under the Scheme are disbursed at a maximum interest of 9 percent. The subsidy arising from this stipulated rate and the market rate on all loans granted, and the administrative expenses of the Scheme are borne by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The Central Bank of Nigeria and the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Waters Resources jointly ensure that the scheme is implemented successfully. This is achieved through the Project Steering Committee (PSC) comprising the Honourable Minister of Agriculture and Water Resources (Chairman), the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, Representatives of the Federal Ministry of Finance and Commercial Farmers, respectively and the Programme Coordinator of the Commercial Agriculture Development Programme. The day-to-day implementation of the Scheme is undertaken by a Technical Implementation Committee (TIC) made up of the Director of Development Finance Department, CBN as the Chairman, Head of Agricultural Credit Support Division, CBN and a Consulting Group as members, and the Programme Coordinator of the Commercial Agriculture Development Programme of the Federal Government as the Secretary. CACS is operated in two tranches of N100billion each. The 1st Phase of the tranche ran from May to December, 2009, while the 2nd tranche commenced in February, 2010. Detailed information on the operational modalities for the CACS are shown on the Guidelines for Commercial Agricultural Credit Scheme while the performance of the Scheme are indicated in the Monthly Report. Click here to see frequently asked questions on Development Finance Facts : 3/1/1993 Nigerian Inter-Bank Settlement System:In March 1993, the Nigerian Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) was incorportaed to enhance the speed and effeciency of the national clearing system. See All: Facts | Events Related Links All Publications All Occasional Papers SMEEIS Reports Annual Reports ACGSF

Health benefits of honey

2023-07-19T03:08:00.001-07:00

to know about the Health Benefits of Honey Contains a variety of nutrients. ... Rich in antioxidants. ... Better for blood sugar levels than regular sugar. ... May improve heart health. ... Promotes burn and wound healing. ... May help suppress coughing in children. ... Easy to add to your diet.

HOW TO GET AGRIC. LOAN IN NIGERIA

2023-07-18T11:37:00.001-07:00

BANK OF AGRICULTURE (BOA) — HOW TO GET A LOAN OR FINANCING The Bank of Agriculture can fund businesses involved in agricultural production or agribusiness. See your finance options Tell us how much you want to borrow and SukFin will find the best lenders in Nigeria for you. GET FUNDING

BENEFITS OF BITTER KOLA EVERYONE

2022-07-11T13:37:00.003-07:00

medicine considers bitter kola to be an aphrodisiac, so it’s believed to increase sexual desire, pleasure and performance. With these qualities in mind, why not try some bitter kola to help turbo-charge your sex life! 2. The nuts may be a remedy for osteoarthritis With symptoms ranging from uncomfortable to debilitating, osteoarthritis is a common form of arthritis. It’s characterised by the degeneration of joint cartilage and the underlying bone, causing pain and stiffness, especially in the hip, knee, and thumb joints. The causes of osteoarthritis can include joint injury, obesity, aging as well as hereditary factors. Researchers at Obafemi Awolowo University in Nigeria tested bitter kola on the symptoms of osteoarthritis, and concluded that bitter kola may significantly reduce the inflammation and pain associated with the condition. The plant also increased joint movement in patients. 3. Bitter kola has antibacterial qualities A study published in the Science Journal of Microbiology has shown that both the bitter kola seeds and leafs have antibacterial properties. Bitter kola was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus Pyogenes, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli, and the plant was able to inhibit these microorganisms. The antibacterial activity was found to be due to the presence of bioactive components in the extract such as tannin, and saponins. 4. The nuts may improve the function of the lungs Results from research conducted in conjunction with several Nigerian universities showed that bitter kola has a positive effect on the lungs and can improve ventilation levels. Extracts of the plant have also been studied in relation to asthma, and there is the suggestion that bitter kola may have some protective effects against the respiratory disorder. 5. Bitter kola nut may improve the immune system Bitter kola has a high concentration of antioxidants, which is a term for any compound that counteracts free radicals. While environmental stressors such as tobacco smoke, ultraviolet rays and air pollution cause free radical production, they are also produced by many normal processes in the body including exercise and our immune response. Free radicals damage DNA, cell membranes, and other parts of cells. So, as well as being essential assistance for important functions in the body, antioxidants also support the immune system. With a strong immune system we are better able to fight disease and stay healthy. bitter-kola-plant 6. It may be an antimalarial agent Bitter kola contains the antioxidant kolaviron, which according to research published in the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, shows positive results for antimalarial properties. Traditional healers have for many years prescribed bitter kola for the treatment of malaria infections, and now, scientific studies are starting to support their beliefs. 7. Bitter kola may help to fight glaucoma Glaucoma is a condition of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing a gradual loss of sight, and can result in permanent blindness if left untreated. A study in the Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology, showed that bitter kola is useful for reducing the pressure in the eye for newly diagnosed patients, and was as effective as more conventional treatments. It is important to note that you must follow professional medical advice and treatment if you have glaucoma, even if the condition is newly diagnosed. 1.

BENEFITS OF DRINKING SOURSOP

2022-04-05T09:19:00.001-07:00

Speaking of healthy drinks, we’ve got another contender to add to your list: soursop tea.

It might not be as common as green or chamomile teas, but it does have some amazing health benefits. We want to share some of the research behind this tea and its medicinal properties. Keep reading to learn how drinking soursop tea can help your body, as well as how this tea came into popular culture.

What Is Soursop Tea?

Before we dive into the various benefits of soursop tea, let’s take a peek into the history of this immunity-boosting beverage.

“Soursop” is actually the name of a fruit that grows in the tropical region of the Americas and the Caribbean, as well as in Africa. It’s scientifically known as “Annona muricata” but locally called guanabana, paw-paw, sirsak, among other names.

You might be surprised to learn that soursop is a part of the Annonaceae family – aka, the custard apple family. However, it tastes more like mango or pineapple than it does a traditional apple.

For generations now, soursop has been harvested to produce a variety of items, from cooking oils to soaps and herbal medicines. Ancient practices used it as a fertility drug, treatment for illness, insecticide, and much more.

Today, research continues to support many of the original uses of soursop. Let’s talk about some of the biggest health benefits that modern drinkers can absorb by turning to soursop tea.

1. Boost Your Immune Health

The first and arguably most sought-after benefit is soursop’s ability to build and improve immune systems. Its high level of vitamin C helps fight pathogens while protecting your skin from oxidization damage. Vitamin C isn’t the only antioxidant in soursop. The fruit also contains:

Phytosterols, which can reduce blood cholesterol levels
Tannins, which contains antimicrobial effects
Flavonoids, which regulate cellular activity and fight free radicals

Many choose to drink soursop tea in an effort to ward off illness and defend their body against viruses and bacteria. You can drink soursop as a preventative measure or to help shorten sicknesses like the common cold.

2. Fight Inflammation

Free radicals in your body don’t just cause illness – they can also lead to stress and inflammation. The antioxidant properties in soursop tea don’t just help with your immune health. They also help with chronic conditions caused by inflammation, such as:

Asthma
Heart disease
Diabetes
Alzheimer’ disease
Arthritis

Even if you aren’t dealing with one of the conditions listed here, drinking soursop tea can relieve tensions and spasms caused by injury or exercising.

3. Improve Digestive Health

The fiber in soursop (up to 7.4 grams per cup) has the potential to ease constipation. It also slows your digestion down and prevents you from craving sugary snacks by maintaining your blood sugar levels. Some research even claims that soursop fights heart disease by lowering high cholesterol levels.

In addition, soursop’s antiviral and anti-parasitic properties prevent intestinal worms and other parasites from infiltrating your GI tract. The fruit’s juice serves as a diuretic, which cleanses the gastrointestinal tract and removes excess sodium that often causes bloating.

4. Stabilize Your Blood Pressure

Soursop contains high levels of potassium (up to 626 mg per cup), as well as a heaping quantity of iron. These ingredients work together to lower high blood pressure levels. Potassium promotes better blood circulation while iron helps regulate a normal heartbeat and tension.

In 2019, a series of clinical studies conducted with 143 test subjects found that those who consumed soursop juice on a daily basis were less likely to deal with prehypertension, hypertension, and abnormally high SUA levels. It also supports the idea that systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels are typically lower in those who ingest soursop regularly than in those who do not.

5. Potentially Prevent Cancer

Finally, we’ll touch on a B-I-G potential health benefit of ingesting soursop tea, but we must state that there are not nearly enough clinical studies or research to fully support this claim. Still, there are many who state that soursop leaves can treat, prevent, and possibly even “cure” cancer.

Why do some believe this? Well, there have been studies (such as this one from 2016) that indicate soursop extract reduces the size of breast cancer tumors. Another study in 2014 found that soursop halted the formation of leukemia cells.

At Freshly Rooted Tribe, we’re not claiming that soursop can treat cancer – but we are saying that there is some evidence out there that indicates soursop can have positive effects when it comes to preventing and stalling the disease.

Try Soursop Tea For Yourself

Considering adding soursop tea to your collection of herbal products? At Freshly Rooted Tribe, we drink soursop tea in our own family. We use organic tea leaves that have a smooth, subtle taste in an effort to strengthen our immuniinto any health food store and you’ll immediately see the vast variety of herbal products available – especially teas. Everyone’s always looking for the latest drink that will keep their bodies happy and healthy.

Speaking of healthy drinks, we’ve got another contender to add to your list: soursop tea.

What Is Soursop Tea?

Before we dive into the various benefits of soursop tea, let’s take a peek into the history of this immunity-boosting beverage.

You might be surprised to learn that soursop is a part of the Annonaceae family – aka, the custard apple family. However, it tastes more like mango or pineapple than it does a traditional apple.

Today, research continues to support many of the original uses of soursop. Let’s talk about some of the biggest health benefits that modern drinkers can absorb by turning to soursop tea.

1. Boost Your Immune Health

Phytosterols, which can reduce blood cholesterol levels
Tannins, which contains antimicrobial effects
Flavonoids, which regulate cellular activity and fight free radicals

2. Fight Inflammation

Asthma
Heart disease
Diabetes
Alzheimer’ disease
Arthritis

Even if you aren’t dealing with one of the conditions listed here, drinking soursop tea can relieve tensions and spasms caused by injury or exercising.

3. Improve Digestive Health

4. Stabilize Your Blood Pressure

5. Potentially Prevent Cancer

Try Soursop Tea For Yourself

Considering adding soursop tea to your collection of herbal products? At Freshly Rooted Tribe, we drink soursop tea in our own family. We use organic tea leaves that have a smooth, subtle taste in an effort to strengthen our iinto any health food store and you’ll immediately see the vast variety of herbal products available – especially teas. Everyone’s always looking for the latest drink that will keep their bodies happy and healthy.

Speaking of healthy drinks, we’ve got another contender to add to your list: soursop tea.

What Is Soursop Tea?

Before we dive into the various benefits of soursop tea, let’s take a peek into the history of this immunity-boosting beverage.

You might be surprised to learn that soursop is a part of the Annonaceae family – aka, the custard apple family. However, it tastes more like mango or pineapple than it does a traditional apple.

Today, research continues to support many of the original uses of soursop. Let’s talk about some of the biggest health benefits that modern drinkers can absorb by turning to soursop tea.

1. Boost Your Immune Health

Phytosterols, which can reduce blood cholesterol levels
Tannins, which contains antimicrobial effects
Flavonoids, which regulate cellular activity and fight free radicals

2. Fight Inflammation

Asthma
Heart disease
Diabetes
Alzheimer’ disease
Arthritis

Even if you aren’t dealing with one of the conditions listed here, drinking soursop tea can relieve tensions and spasms caused by injury or exercising.

3. Improve Digestive Health

4. Stabilize Your Blood Pressure

5. Potentially Prevent Cancer

Try Soursop Tea For Yourself

Considering adding soursop tea to your collection of herbal products? At Freshly Rooted Tribe, we drink soursop tea in our own family. We use organic tea leaves that have a smooth, subtle taste in an effort to nity.<script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1330503168377194"

     crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

HEALTH BENEFITS OF COCONUT OIL

2022-03-26T14:59:00.001-07:00

Welcome to Medical News Today

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What to know about coconut oil

Medically reviewed by Natalie Butler, R.D., L.D. — Written by Yvette Brazier on November 8, 2019

Benefits

Nutrition

Types

Controversy

Tips

The bottom line

Coconut oil has grown in popularity in recent years, amid claims that it can do everything from supporting weight loss to slowing the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

Many manufacturers have begun to use coconut oil in packaged products, and many people use it for cooking. Many products, such as fried foods, sweets, shampoos, coffee, smoothies, contain coconut oil.

In July 2016, results of a survey in the United States showed that 72% of people believed that coconut oil was healthful, but only 37% of nutritionists agreed.

Coconut oil contains over 80%Trusted Source saturated fat. Some expertsTrusted Source have linked saturated fats with cardiovascular and other diseases.

The 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting consumption of saturated fats to less than 10%Trusted Source of a day’s calories. This means that someone following a 2000-calorie per day diet should eat no more than 20 grams (g) of saturated fat each day.

Find out more about the controversy, and if you should make coconut oil a staple in your diet.

Possible benefits

Supporters claim coconut oil provides various health benefits.

Increasing good cholesterol

The MCTs in coconut oil may help preserve insulin sensitivity.

There are two types of cholesterol: high-density lipoprotein (HDL), or good cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or bad cholesterol. HDL appears to help reduce levels of LDL, and high levels of HDL may help boost cardiovascular health.

Some researchersTrusted Source have argued that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), a component in coconut oil, may help boost levels of good cholesterol. Participants took 1 tablespoon of coconut oil twice daily for 8 weeks.

However, resultsTrusted Source have varied. One small study in 2004 found the opposite. In research, dietary MCT increased bad cholesterol in 17 healthy young men. The scientists did not study any other indicators of heart health.

A 2016 studyTrusted Source found no clear evidence that coconut oil either benefits or harms cholesterol levels.

However, findingsTrusted Source published in 2018 suggested that extra virgin coconut oil’s impact on cholesterol may be similar to that of olive oil. So far, the results remain inconclusive, and more studies are needed.

Learn more about how to reduce cholesterol.

Controlling blood sugar

Findings from a 2009 animal study suggested that MCTs, present in coconut oil, may help preserve insulin sensitivity. The review also listed the specific beneficial health effects of MCT oil, not coconut oil, in 29 studies.

However, other investigations have not foundTrusted Source the same results. This study on mini pigs, however, looked at an excess calorie, high fat diet that also included hydrogenated fats and high fructose.

Which foods help manage blood sugar levels? Find out here.

Reducing stress

Virgin coconut oil may have antioxidant properties. In a rodent studyTrusted Source, it appeared to reduce stress resulting from exercise and chronic cold. Researchers believe that virgin coconut oil could be useful in treating some kinds of depression.

Many plant based foods provide antioxidants. Learn more here.

Shiny hair

Some people apply coconut oil to their hair to increase shine and protect it from damage. It may penetrate the scalp better than mineral oils.

However, one studyTrusted Source of people with similar hair types found no difference in hair condition between those who used coconut oil and those who did not.

Healthy skin

Applying a coconut extract to human skin may enhance its protective barrier functions and have an anti-inflammatory effect, says a 2017 studyTrusted Source.

These findings could have implications for medicine but not for the diet.

Some foods may help boost skin health. Get some tips here.

Fighting candida

In an in vitro studyTrusted Source, coconut oil was active against Candida albicans (C. albicans), suggesting it could be a treatment for candida.

This may be due to the extract’s barrier functionsTrusted Source and anti-inflammatory properties. However, this is not the same as consuming regular coconut oil since it is not fermented.

Can coconut oil fight candida? See this article for more details.

Preventing liver disease

In a 2017 studyTrusted Source, rats with liver disease consumed a high glucose diet either with or without coconut oil. Those who consumed coconut oil had better measures of liver health after 4 weeks than those who did not.

This suggests that some elements in coconut oil may help protect the liver.

Reducing asthma symptoms

Inhaling coconut oil has helped reduceTrusted Source asthma symptoms in rabbits.

However, no studies have taken place in humans, so people should not inhale coconut oil.

Improving satiety

Some people have argued that coconut oil leaves people feeling fuller after eating, which means they will not eat so much.

However, one studyTrusted Source compared MCT oil to coconut oil and confirmed that MCT oil exerts effects on satiety, not coconut oil.

Dental health

A 2017 reviewTrusted Source discusses the importance of oil pulling for dental health. Oil pulling is a traditional oral treatment. It involves swishing an oil around the oral cavity, in a similar way to the modern mouthwash.

Studies have found coconut oil pulling to protect against cavities, improve gingivitis, and influence the oral bacterial balance.

Weight loss

A studyTrusted Source comparing two products found that coconut oil was less likely to trigger diabetes and weight gain in mice. Some have interpreted this as meaning coconut oil can help people lose weight.

One reason weight gain occurs is when people consume more calories than they use for energy.

All high fat foods and oils are high in calories. One tablespoon of coconut oil, weighing 13.6 grams (g) contains 121 caloriesTrusted Source, which is more than lard and butter and slightly less than sunflower oil.

Adding more high fat, calorie dense foods to a diet that contains carbohydrates and plenty of calories may not result in weight loss.

Which breakfast foods can help people lose weight? Find out here.

Cautions

Several investigations have looked into coconut oil and its possible benefits, but many of these are small, inconclusive, and animal- or lab-based.

Some human studies have confirmed several benefits, but other studies on people show conflicting results. More research is needed to confirm the effects of daily coconut oil use.

Nutrition

1 tbs of coconut oil containsTrusted Source:

121 calories

0 g of protein

13.5 g of fat, of which 11.2 g is saturated

0 milligrams (mg) of cholesterol

Coconut oil contains vitamin E, but no fiber and little to no other vitamins or minerals.

Coconut oil is almost 100% fat, most of which is saturated fat. However, the structure of fat in coconut oil differs from that of many animal products, which mainly consist of long-chain fatty acids.

Coconut oil is high in MCTs. These are harder for the body to convert into stored fat and easier to burn off than long-chain triglycerides (LCTs). Supporters of coconut oil attribute many of its benefits to the high MCT content.

However, researchersTrusted Source have questioned these perceived benefits from coconut oil itself because many of the reported benefits stem from MCT oil itself. ExpertsTrusted Source have called on people to treat coconut oil as they would any other saturated fat until there is enough evidence to prove otherwise.

Types

Not all coconut oils are the same, and the impact on health may vary according to type.

Overall, the less processed a food is, the more likely it is to offer health benefits, and the same is probably true of coconut oil.

Extra virgin coconut oil comes from the fruit of fresh, mature coconuts. Processing does not involve high temperatures or added chemicals.

People who choose to use coconut oil should opt for the least processed type.

Learn more about which oils to choose and which to avoid.

Controversy

The main argument against coconut oil is its high saturated fat content.

In June 2015, a Cochrane review found that, in some ways, saturated fats may be less harmful than previously believed. It did not suggest, however, that saturated fats were healthful, and the authors urged people to continue reducing their intake of saturated fat.

In June 2017, the American Heart AssociationTrusted Source (AHA) issued new advice against using saturated fats, including coconut oil, after looking at the findings of over 100 research studies.

Incorrect interpretation of a study?

In 2008, one studyTrusted Source made people think that coconut oil might be healthful. In this investigation, 31 people consumed MCT oil or olive oil during a 16-week weight loss program.

The team found that the body processes MCT oil, such as coconut oil, differently from other oils. They concluded that MCT could have the same impact on CVD risk factors as olive oil.

Some people interpreted this to mean that if MCTs can have a positive effect on HDL and total cholesterol levels, coconut oil must be healthful.

However, the original study did not use coconut oil, but a special oil that was 100% MCT. The MCT content of coconut oil is around 14%Trusted Source. Butter is about 9.2% MCT.

A person would have to eat 150 g, or 10 tbs, of coconut oil each day to get the benefits. Consuming this much oil would not be healthful.

The Dietary Guidelines recommend limiting the intake of saturated fats to 10% or less of total calories. For those monitoring their cholesterol, the AHA recommend a maximum of 5-6%Trusted Source.

Most studies that show positive health benefits use MCT oil, not coconut oil. Studies supporting coconut oil have often been short term, small scale investigations involving animals rather than humans. The results have not been significant enough to warrant advising people to switch to coconut oil.

Research supporting a switch to unsaturated fatty acids has produced more reliable results.

Tips

Fats and oil provide essential nutrients, but people should always use them in moderation. If people use coconut oil, they should look for extra virgin coconut oil.

Here are some tips for buying, storing, and using coconut oil:

Check the label and avoid oils that contain partially hydrogenated coconut oil.

Store coconut oil in a cool, dark place. Like other saturated fats, it is solid when at room temperature and liquefies when heated.

Use coconut oil in baking for a light, sweet, “coconutty” flavor. It substitutes well for butter and shortening, and it is suitable for vegan recipes.

The bottom line

Coconut oil can add flavor and variety to the diet, but research seems unlikely to prove that it is a superfood.

Consumers should remember that, while changing from one oil to another may benefit health, adding more of any oil to the diet is unlikely to help them lose weight loss or improve their overall health.

People should always consume oils and fats in moderation, as part of a varied diet. They should also ensure that their activity levels are high enough to burn off the calories they consume.

If coconut oil is not good for health, which oil should I use?

While I recommend to limit all oils and choose whole food fats more often, healthy staple oils are olive and avocado. I do also keep coconut oil at home, but it is not my default oil for cooking.

Natalie Butler, RD, LD

Trusted Source Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

Last medically reviewed on November 8, 2019

Heart DiseaseCardiovascular / CardiologyNutrition / Diet

25 sourcesexpanded

Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

Appendix 7. Nutritional goals for age-sex groups based on Dietary reference intakes and dietary guidelines recommendations. (2015).

https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/appendix-7/

Chinwong, S., et al. (2017). Daily consumption of virgin coconut oil increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in healthy volunteers: A randomized crossover trial.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5745680/

Coconut oil. (2019).

https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/343868/nutrients

Deol, P., et al. (2015). Soybean oil is more obesogenic and diabetogenic than coconut oil and fructose in mouse: Potential role for the liver.

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0132672#pone.0132672.ref024

Eyres, L., et al. (2016). Coconut oil consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in humans.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4892314/

Hooper, L., et al. (2015, June). Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease.

https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD011737/full

Kamalaidin, N. A., et al. (2017). Does inhalation of virgin coconut oil accelerate reversal of airway remodeling in an allergic model of asthma?

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5474257/

Kim, S., et al. (2017). Enhanced barrier functions and anti-inflammatory effect of cultured coconut extract on human skin [Abstract].

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28564614

Khaw, K.–T., (2018). Randomised trial of coconut oil, olive oil or butter on blood lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors in healthy men and women.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855206/

Kinsella, R., et al. (2017). Coconut oil has less satiating properties than medium chain triglyceride oil [Abstract].

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28564614

Nagao, K. & Yanagita, T. (2010). Medium-chain fatty acids: Functional lipids for the prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome.

http://www.meltorganic.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Medium-chain-fatty-acids-Functional-lipids-for-the-prevention-and-treatment-of-the-metabolic-syndrome.pdf

Narayanankutty, A., et al. (2017). Virgin coconut oil reverses hepatic steatosis by restoring redox homeostasis and lipid metabolism in male Wistar rats. [Abstract].

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jsfa.8650

Naseem, M., et al. (2017). Oil pulling and importance of traditional medicine in oral health maintenance.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5654187/

Nayak, B. S. et al. (2017). A study on scalp hair health and hair care practices among Malaysian medical students.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5551307/

Newell-Fugate, A. E. et al. (2017). Effects of coconut oil on glycemia, inflammation, and urogenital microbial parameters in Ossabaw mini-pigs.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5509134/

Ogbolu, D. O., et al. (2007). In vitro antimicrobial properties of coconut oil on Candida species in Ibadan, Nigeria.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17651080

Quealy, K., & Sanger-Katz, M. (2016). Is sushi ‘healthy?’ What about granola? Where Americans and nutritionists disagree.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/07/05/upshot/is-sushi-healthy-what-about-granola-where-americans-and-nutritionists-disagree.html?_r=0

Sacks, F. M., et al. (2017). Dietary fats and cardiovascular disease: A presidential advisory from the American Heart Association.

https://ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000510

Sankararaman, S., & Sferra, T. J. (2018). Are we going nuts on coconut oil?

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29974400

Shaw, K.-T., et al. (2018). Randomised trial of coconut oil, olive oil or butter on blood lipids and other cardiovascular risk factors in healthy men and women.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855206/

St-Onge, M.-P., et al (2010). Medium chain triglyceride oil consumption as part of a weight-loss diet does not lead to an adverse metabolic profile when compared to olive oil.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2874191/

The skinny on fats. (2017).

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/PreventionTreatmentofHighCholesterol/The-Skinny-on-Fats_UCM_305628_Article.jsp#.WcG90tOGNE8

Tholstrup, T., et al. (2004). Effects of medium-chain fatty acids and oleic acid on blood lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, and lipid transfer protein activities.

https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/79/4/564/4690136

Wallace, T. C. (2019). Health effects of coconut oil: A narrative review of current evidence [Abstract].

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30395784

Yeap, S.-K., et al. (2015). Antistress and antioxidant effects of virgin coconut oil in vivo.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4247320/

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IMPORTANT OF BITTER KOLA AND HONEY

2022-03-26T00:24:00.001-07:00

Many people appreciate bitter kola benefits, it is considered as a herbal remedy, a natural antibiotic, an analgesic, and an antiphlogistic, which does not have side effects in normal conditions, and as a pure medicine, which is impossible to overdose. The fruit generally is eaten raw, preserving all nutrients and beneficial elements. Bitter kola is brown from the outer and yellow inside. It contains a very active ingredient in a form of juicy substance. It is better to keep bitter <script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-1330503168377194"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script> in the fridge to preserve it fresh, staying for long in open space it becomes dry. Read more: https://www.legit.ng/1092048-bitter-kola-honey-what-effect.html

2022-03-23T15:01:00.001-07:00

Mixture of bitter kola powder, honey and ginger no cure for low or no sperm count

By Catherine Olorunfemi

18 February 2021 | 12:37 pm

A post on the Nigeria-based Facebook page “Beauty & Health Arena” claims a mixture of bitter kola powder, honey, ginger powder and water is a “total cure” for low sperm count and azoospermia.

It describes how to prepare and take the mixture, ending with: “Share this information everywhere on Facebook to help. I need your testimony. God bless you.”

Low sperm count, also called oligospermia, is when the sperm per millilitre of semen is fewer than 15 million.

Azoospermia is a condition where there is no sperm in a man’s ejaculate. Causes include hormonal problems, a blockage along the reproductive tract, ejaculation problems or issues with testicular function or structure.

But is there any scientific evidence that this simple home remedy would cure these conditions? We checked.

‘Treatable, but see a doctor’

Sulyman Alege Kuranga, professor of urology at the faculty of clinical sciences at the University of Ilorin in western Nigeria, said the claim was wrong.

“There is no scientific evidence to support this claim. If an infection is causing the low sperm count, we treat the infection and that may help,” he said.

He added that there were several causes of low sperm count and azoospermia. Treatment options are available but depend on the cause.

Kuranga said the safest option for men with these conditions was to see a specialist who could prescribe the right treatment options after assessment.

Africa Check has previously debunked a similar claim, that a spice mixture is a remedy for infertility and other health concerns. Like it, this claim is also incorrect

BeeKeeping Success

2011-02-09T04:30:00.000-08:00

Beekeeping can be a fascinating hobby but it can also be a profitable business. Beekeeping is a full time occupation for other people. There are thousands of hobby beekeepers worldwide and numerous large-scale commercial beekeepers. According to estimates, the annual production of honey worldwide exceeds a million metric tons.

Almost every person can be an apiarist. But some who have allergies to bee stings and pollen might want to consider pursuing other hobbies or enterprise. The truth is honey bees would normally sting only when they have to defend themselves. In fact, an individual may develop immunity from bee venom in time. So if all the precautions are met, you can start your beekeeping.

Honeybees are social insects that live in hives. A typical honey bee colony has thousands of bees working together in building nest, collecting food and rearing brood. The bees in a colony are divided in three groups and each has its own tasks to perform.

If you want to get started in Beekeeping, make sure that you have the basic components of the hive, protective gears, equipments in handling the honey, and a bee source. You can start your bee business by buying package bees, buying an already established bee colony or collecting swarms. But for starters, packages are recommended.

Beekeeping has a lot of benefits to offer. If you can overcome the fear of being stung by a bee, then beekeeping can be worth a try.

Get your dream job in agric

2011-02-07T02:59:00.000-08:00

Agrijob specialises in recruitment in agriculture, horticulture and food-processing. We know the industry well; therefore we are in an excellent position to assist companies to find suitable candidates to fill positions and also to help candidates to find challenging positions.

Our website boasts an interactive job portal where candidates can register, update their details, upload their CV's and search and apply for jobs. All CV's are strictly confidential. Agrijob does not disclose CV's to any third parties, including prospective employers, without the permission of candidates.

Agrijob makes use of a recruitment tool called 'Shadowmatch'. This exciting recruitment and human resources placement and management tool is known to work very well. 'Shadowmatch' helps ensure employers appoint candidates to match a successful benchmark group. If you are interested in listing one or more jobs, please contact us for more information.

Below are the results as per your query (if any).

Results 1-15 of 15 job(s) found

Title:
Logistics/packhouse Manager Fresh-cut fruit (Gauteng) Inserted:
01/13/2011 Location:
Gauteng

Title:
General Manager Agricultural Input supplies (Zambia) Inserted:
01/13/2011 Location:
Gauteng

Title:
Technical Manager Fresh-cut fruit Inserted:
01/13/2011 Location:
Gauteng

Title:
Sales Representative food industry (Gauteng) Inserted:
01/13/2011 Location:
Gauteng

Title:
Retail Food Technologist (Fresh Produce) Inserted:
01/10/2011 Location:
Gauteng

Title:
Logistics Manager Citrus/Grapes Western Cape Inserted:
01/10/2011 Location:
Western Cape

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Marketing Administrator/Co-ordinator Mpumalanga Inserted:
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Mpumalanga

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Farm Manager (Crops) Free State Inserted:
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Freestate

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Regional Sales Manager: Crop Protectants Inserted:
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Western Cape

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Account Manager Agricultural input supply Inserted:
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KwaZulu-Natal

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Irrigation Manager – Berry Farm- Eastern Cape Inserted:
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Eastern Cape

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Section Manager – Berry Farm – Eastern Cape Inserted:
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Contact Us

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Cell: 082 388 1000
E-mail: marianne@agrijob.co.za

how to start farm business

2010-05-05T08:17:00.000-07:00

NIGERIA is a country endowed with numerous natural resources: good and fair climate and large expanse of fertile land, most of which are still unused. This is a country where every single soul should be fully engaged and be making money.

Since starting an agricultural business involves proper knowledge and planning, let us therefore look at common mistakes people make while starting an agricultural business and to learn how to avoid such mistakes.

1. The single and biggest mistake that people make is not choosing the right farm business or product. If you don’t have a slight interest in raising animals or growing things, please don’t go into it. Your interest might just be in distribution of agricultural products or processing. Discover the area of agric that you want to be involved in and start from there. For example, if you want to sell smoked fish, you really don’t need to have a fish farm to do that, you can buy fish from fish farmers and smoke them to sell. Last week, I met a lady whose monthly turnover on selling snails is about N400,000, but she does not have a snail farm.

2. Don’t rush into it prematurely: Many entrepreneurs rush into a business prematurely. If you are still working, don’t quit your job until you are fully qualified and prepared in every aspect to start your farm business on full time, that is, you can start your farm business on part-time without quitting your job. It is interesting to know that in the bureau code of conduct for Nigeria civil servants, the only PP – private practice allowed is agriculture.

Starting your agric business after retirement might be too late. Honestly, it is too late! Organisations should assist employees to plan for retirement by organising pre -retirement training programmes.
CUAD offers a well packaged pre- retirement agric training programme for organisations.

3. Not Seeking information and advice: Many starters make the mistake of not seeking for information or advice from others. Don’t be afraid to ask questions from people who are already in the business.Gain the advantage of learning what the worst problems are, based on the experience of those who have been there. Attend seminars and workshops, buy and read books. Remember information is power!

4. Don’t depend entirely on outside resources to furnish the money to start your agric business. The first resource should be your own personal savings. If you have not started saving money towards the project, then it shows that you are not ready. Begin to save money now. And when you ask someone for money, be prepared to provide a comprehensive plan that includes your contribution and schedule for repayment.

5. Failure to plan: After acquiring land for your farming business, list out all the activities that you want to do on the land and map them out on a layout. Draw your planting time– table.

6. Be flexible but not confused: After drawing out your time-table, there should be room for flexibility.

7. It is a mistake not to have a lawyer when signing a land lease, a partnership agreement or a franchise agreement.

8. Don’t fail to exercise rigid internal financial controls. Your goal is to make sure that your farm business receives all of its income, without any of it being siphoned off by waste, fraud, dishonest employees or simple carelessness. Do not delegate to anyone the authority to sign cheques

9. Don’t be an absentee farm owner; be part of your business. Visit your farm and be actively involved in the day- to- day running of the farm. Don’t abandon your farm to a consultant. Always remember that it is your money. Never blame your farm business failure on the person whose money is not in the business!Take 100 per cent responsibility for your actions.

10. Failure to envisage business downturns or challenges: Be rest assured that you will experience challenges in your farm business. Failure to accept this is a mistake.

No matter how prepared and informed you are, there will always be some challenges. In reality, your cash flow projection might be far from your projection. What do you do? A slight mistake on the farm may even wipe out all your livestock, what do you do? That is not the time to quit but look for opportunities in the adversity.

Last year, I lost some fish on the farm and some refused to grow as expected. I didn’t hesitate to cut cost, I stopped feeding the fish and ended up smoking them. That singular act exposed me to the business of smoking fish, which I'm finding very profitable now.
a href="http://www.prosperly.com">internet marketing

Soy biodiesel

2009-12-19T03:56:00.000-08:00

Soy biodiesel
What is soy biodiesel?
Biodiesel consists of mono alkyl esters produced from vegetable oils,animal or old cooking fats. Soy biodiesel is fuel alternative produced from soybean oil. Biodiesel contains no petroleum diesel, but it can be blended with petroleum diesel.
Since the oil embargo of 1973 by the OPEC a lot of research was done on biodiesel in various universities and government agencies in the USA. Soy biodiesel can be used in diesel engines with little or no modifications. Soy biodiesel is made through a chemical process called transesterification whereby the glycerin is separated from the soybean oil. The process gives two products: methyl esters (the chemical name for biodiesel) and glycerin (used to make soap). Biodiesel is mainly produced and used in the USA. In 1999 about 0.5 million gallons was produced and this value increased to about 25 million gallons in 2003.

Advantages of soy biodiesel
As compared to normal diesel, soy biodiesel has following advantages:
Biodiesel is better for the environment - Soy biodiesel is better for the environment because it is made from renewable resources and has lower emissions compared to petroleum diesel. The use of biodiesel in a conventional diesel engine results in substantial reduction of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and soot. The use of biodiesel does not increase the CO2 level in the atmosphere, since growing soybeans consumes also CO2. Biodiesel is also more biodegradable than conventional diesel. Studies at the University of Idaho have illustrated biodiesel degraded for 95 percent after 28 days compared to 40 percent for diesel fuel.
Better lubricant - Lubrication tests have demonstrated the lubrication advantage of biodiesel.

soy candles

2009-12-19T03:46:00.000-08:00

What are soy candles?
Soy candles are made from soy wax, which is hydrogenated soybean oil. Soy wax was invented in 1992 by Michael Richards who was looking for a cheaper alternative to beeswax. As he entered the candle industry he realized there was a growing demand for natural wax candles. Soy wax is often mixed with fragrances to produces scented soy candles. They are available in supermarkets and specialized stores and can also be bought online. It is also easy and very rewarding making soy candles at home.
Advantages of soy candles
Soy candles have to following advantages compared to paraffin wax candles:

Soy candles are cheap - Beeswax is a great natural alternative to paraffin, but to get the same results as a soy-based candle, it is very expensive. Soy wax is a new alternative to paraffin wax that is cost effective. Soy wax is also made from a renewable source.

Soy wax is all-natural - Soy wax is a favorite of environmentally conscious people because it is not made from petroleum, like paraffin candles. Burning of soy candles does not increase the CO2 level in the atmosphere.

Soy candles last longer - They can last up to 50% longer than paraffin candles.

Wax spills are easy to clean - It's very difficult to remove paraffin wax from furniture or textiles. Soy wax spills can easily be cleaned up with hot soapy water.

Soy candles produce less soot - Soot should be avoided because it is very unhealthy and can eventually coat furniture and walls. Soy candles produce about 90% less soot that paraffin candles.

Scented soy candles distribute more flavour - The incorporation of soybean oil lowers the melting point of the candle, which translates into cooler burning candles and faster scent dispersion. The lower melting point of soy wax results in a larger size of the liquid wax pool around the candle wick. It is from this liquid wax pool that the essential oils evaporate into the atmosphere.

Soy health value

2009-12-19T03:39:00.000-08:00

Benefits of soy
There is no denying that soy has many health benefits. These health benefits are mainly coming form the quality of the soy proteins and form the isoflavones genistein and daidzein. Below you can find the main health benefits of soy.
Soy improves bone health
Soy products, such as soy milk, do not contain a lot of calcium but the soy isoflavones may help to reduce the osteoporosis risk. Several studies have suggested that soy isoflavones may be a factor in helping to prevent bone loss. The isoflavone genistein seems to inhibit bone breakdown and may have similar effects than estrogens in maintaining bone tissue. Soy can also indirectly improve bone health. Diets which are high in animal protein cause more calcium to be excreted in the urine. Replacing animal protein with soy protein may help to prevent calcium loss from the bones.
Soy relieves menopausal symptoms
Epidemiological data show that Asian women suffer less from hot flashes and night sweats compared to Western women. These symptoms of menopause are caused by low estrogen levels. Estrogens play a role in the body temperature control. Soy isoflavones can through their estrogen-like effect control these menopausal symptoms.
Soy reduces risk for heart diseases
In countries were soy products are ingested regularly, the rates of cardiovascular diseases is low. Research suggests that soy may help to prevent heart disease by reducing total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and preventing plaque buildup in the arteries, which could lead to stroke or heart attack. These health benefits are also mainly attributes to the soy isoflavones. The soy isoflavone genistein may also increase the flexibility of blood vessels.
Soy helps to prevent certain cancers
Several studies have indicated that a regular intake of soy foods may help to prevent hormone related cancers such as breast cancer, prostate cancer and colon cancer.
Soy is very nutritive
Soy products such as tofu, tempeh and soy milk are very rich in protein. This protein is of very high quality because it contains all essential amino acids. The amino acids of soy combine very well with the amino acids of cereals. The soy protein is therefore very important for vegans.
Soy is a good source of lecithin and vitamin E. These natural antioxidants prevent oxidation of LDL cholesterol. Soy is rich in magnesium, which plays an important function for the bones, heart and arteries.

Nutritional values of soy milk

2009-12-19T03:23:00.000-08:00

What is soy milk?
Soy milk is made by soaking soybeans, grinding them with water. The fluid which results after straining is called soy milk. You can make soy milk at home with basic kitchen tools or with a soy milk machine. Soy milk is most commonly found in aseptic cartons. Most of the soy milk available in the market is flavoured and fortified with extra calcium or vitamins. The most popular flavours are vanilla and chocolate. Some producers add thickeners to their soy milk to give it a mouth feel of cow's milk. Traditionally, soy milk has a beany taste which is well accepted by the Chinese, but less by the Western palate. By using correct processing techniques, this beany taste can be reduced or eliminated. Recently, with the recognition of its health benefits and with its improved flavor and texture, soy milk has now a high and rising acceptance. Sometimes, use is made of protein isolates from soy bean which are mixed with water, oils, sugars, stabilisers to give it a milky appearance. This type of product is not as wholesome as real soy milk. In Europe, legislation prohibits soy milk manaufacturers to label their product as soy milk. Often they use the denomination soy drinkSoy milk
Soy Milk
History
Soy Milk Recipes
How to Make Soymilk?
Soy Milk Benefits
Nutritional Values
Calcium Fortification of Soy Milk
Soy Milk Powder
What is soy milk?
Soy milk is made by soaking soybeans, grinding them with water. The fluid which results after straining is called soy milk. You can make soy milk at home with basic kitchen tools or with a soy milk machine. Soy milk is most commonly found in aseptic cartons. Most of the soy milk available in the market is flavoured and fortified with extra calcium or vitamins. The most popular flavours are vanilla and chocolate. Some producers add thickeners to their soy milk to give it a mouth feel of cow's milk. Traditionally, soy milk has a beany taste which is well accepted by the Chinese, but less by the Western palate. By using correct processing techniques, this beany taste can be reduced or eliminated. Recently, with the recognition of its health benefits and with its improved flavor and texture, soy milk has now a high and rising acceptance. Sometimes, use is made of protein isolates from soy bean which are mixed with water, oils, sugars, stabilisers to give it a milky appearance. This type of product is not as wholesome as real soy milk. In Europe, legislation prohibits soy milk manaufacturers to label their product as soy milk. Often they use the denomination soy drink.

Nutritional values of soy milk
Plain soy milk is very nutritive: it's an excellent source of high quality proteins, isoflavones and B-vitamins. Soy milk is free of the milk sugar (lactose) and is a good choice for people who are lactose intolerant. Also, it is a good alternative to those who are allergic the proteins of cow's milk.
Making your own soy milk
In China and Japan fresh soy milk is made daily using a simple, centuries-old process of grinding soaked soybeans and pressing the soy milk out of the beans. There, soy milk is sold by street vendors or in cafes. Soy milk is served hot or cold and is often flavored with soy sauce and vegetables to produce a spicy soup.

Many people find the cost of commercial soymilk to be prohibitive and make soy milk at home. They soak and crush soy beans and filter the liquid, which is soy milk. Some have invested in a soy milk machine that cooks and grinds the soy beans and makes soy milk, fresh in your own home. There are different brands of soy milk machines on the market (Miracle Soy Wonder, SoyJoy Automatic Soy Milk Maker, SoyToy Soy Milk Machine, Soyapower). You don't need these machines to make good quality soy milk, but they make life easier and give a high yield.Nutritional values of soymilk
Soymilk is an excellent source of high quality protein and B-vitamins. Soymilk is not a rich source of calcium, this is way most commercial soymilk products are fortified with calcium.

Soymilk naturally contains isoflavones, plant chemicals that help lower LDL ("bad" cholesterol) if taken as part of a "heart healthy" eating plan.

Nutrional values of soymilk (per 100g):

Water 93.3 g
Energy 33.0 kcal
Energy 138.0 kJ
Protein 2.8 g
Fat (total lipid) 2.0 g
Fatty acids, saturated 0.214 g
Fatty acids, mono-unsaturated 0.326 g
Fatty acids, poly-unsaturated 0.833 g
Carbohydrates 1.8 g
Fiber 1.3 g
Ash 0.27 g
Isoflavones 8.8 mg
Calcium, Ca 4.0 mg
Iron, Fe 0.58 mg
Magnesium, Mg 19.0 mg
Phosphorus, Mg 49.0 mg
Potassium, K 141.0 mg
Sodium, Na 12.0 mg
Zinc, Zn 0.23 mg
Copper, Cu 0.12 mg
Manganese, Mn 0.17 mg
Selenium, Se 1.3 µg
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 0.0 mg
Thiamin (vitamin B1) 0.161 mg
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) 0.070 mg
Niacin (vitamin B3) 0.147 mg
Panthotenic acid (vitamin B5) 0.048 mg
Vitamin B6 0.041 mg
Folic acid 1.5 µg
Vitamin B12 0.0 µg
Vitamin A 3.0 µg
Vitamin E 0.010 mg

[Source: USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference]

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How to Grow Soybeans

2009-12-19T02:23:00.000-08:00

Growing soybeans has become increasingly popular with home gardeners. These warm weather plants are native to Africa, Asia, and Australia. They have gained popularity here due to their health benefits. They are high in fiber and protein, and area good source of calcium. They taste good ,too.

Home gardeners find it is easy to grow soybeans. They are grown just like any other bush bean, and produce high yields.

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Days to Maturity:

Plants require about 85 days to harvest. Try succession planting for continuous harvest over several weeks.

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Sowing Soybean Seeds:

Plant outdoors after the last frost date for your area. Soil should be warm before planting. Sow Soybean seeds 2 inches apart, in rows 20" to 24" apart. If your garden space is limited, plant in double rows. Water well after planting, and a second time two to four days later, only if there has been no rain. Side dress the rows with general purpose fertilizer during planting.

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How to Grow Soybeans:

Soybeans are easy to grow. They grow best in full sun and in warm weather. They prefer a rich soil, high in nitrogen. Soil should be kept moist for optimum growth.

Soybeans grow best in rich soil. Add manure and compost prior to planting. Fertilizer regularly during the growth period.

Harvest soybeans when the pods are full. Rinse the pods, then boil them for twenty minutes. Allow to cool, then squeeze the pods to remove the beans. Beans can be frozen or canned.

Did you know? Soybean plants are rich in nutrients. After the harvest, put plants in the compost pile, turn them into your soil.

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Insects and Pests:

Like other beans, soybeans are susceptible to a variety of insects, most notably beetles. They can be effectively treated with Sevin, Diazinon or a variety of other insecticides.

Rabbits eat the the tender new leaves. If there are rabbits in your area, a rabbit fence is not a nicety, it is a necessity. They will devastate a row of beans in a hurry, eating the tender new leaves. As new ones develop, they will come back for more.

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Diseases of Soybeans:

Bacterial and wilt diseases are common among the Bean family. This plant disease arrives with summer heat and humidity. This often occurs just before, or during, the ripening of the crop. Fungicides are recommended in areas of high heat and humidity.

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Hardiness:

Beans are not a hardy plant. They are susceptible to cold and frost. Hold off planting until a few days before all danger of frost is past. In the fall, cover the crop on nights when the temperature is expected to go below 40 degrees

Uses of Cassava

2009-09-01T10:11:00.000-07:00

Uses of Cassava

Cassava is known by various names in Nigeria. To mention a few, the plant is called akpu by Igbos’, ege by Yorubas’, igari by Ikas’, rogo by Hausas’, ijiakpu by Olukwumis’, midaka by Urohbos’, iwa by Anags’/Ibibios’, okponkoro by Ijaws’, and bobozi by Ishans’.

Nutritionally, cassava contains potassium, iron, calcium, vitamin A, folic acid, sodium, vitamin C, vitamin B-6, and protein.

Cassava is applicable in many types of products such as food, confectionery, sweeteners, glues, plywood, textiles, paper, biodegradable products, monosodium glutamate, and drugs. Cassava chips and pellets are used in animal feed and alcohol production.

Cassava utilisation
Gari
Fufu flour
High quality cassava flour
Tapioca
Lafun
Kpokpogari
Glucose syrup
Glue
Starch
Ethanol
Composite bread
Livestock feed

Postharvest equipment
Peelers
Washers
Graters
Pressers
Extruders
Millers
Dryers
Pelletizer
Sealers
Packaging materials

Ethanol
Cassava chips are an alternative source of raw material for producing liquor as well as medical and industrial alcohol.
Livestock feed
Cassava roots can be processed into chips and pellets which can be used in compounding animal feed for cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, poultry, and farmed fish. The cassava leaves are also a good source of feed for livestock.
Food
Cassava is used widely in Nigeria as food. It is mostly consumed in the form of gari, fufu, tapioca, starch, kpokpogari, and lafun. In the northern part of the country it is eaten raw as a snack. Cassava flour is majorly used in bakery products and cassava starch can be used as a general thickening agent. Modified cassava starch or starch derivatives have been applied for thickening, binding, texturing and stabilizing a range of food products such as canned foods, frozen foods, salad dressings, sauces, and infant foods.
Confectionery
Modified cassava starch or starch derivatives are used in confectionery for different purposes such as thickening and glazing. Cassava starches are widely used in swests such as jellys and gums.
Monosodium glutamate
Cassava starch is a common source for making monosodium glutamate in Asia. It is used to enhance flavor in food, e.g., Ajinomoto.
Sweetener
Glucose and fructose made from cassava starch are used as substitutes for sucrose in jams and canned fruits. Cassava-based sweeteners are preferred in beverage formulations for their improved processing characteristics and product enhancing properties.
Pharmacy
Native and modified cassava starches are used as binders, fillers, and disintegrating agents for tablet production.
Glue
Cassava starch is a very important raw material in making glue. Cassava starch–based dextrates are excellent adhesives and are used in many applications including pre-gummed papers, tapes, labels, stamps, and envelopes.
Biodegradable products
Cassava starch can be used as a biodegradable polymer to replace plastics in packaging materials.
Plywood
Glue made from cassava starch is a key material in plywood manufacturing. The quality of plywood depends heavily on the glue that is used.
Paper
Modified cassava starch is used in the wet stage of paper making to flocculate the pulp, improving run rate and reducing pulp loss. Native and modified cassava starches are also used in the coding and sizing of paper, improving the strength, binding codings to the paper, and controlling ink consumption to improve print quality.
Textile
Cassava starch is used in three stages of textile processing: to size the yarn to stiffen and protect it during weaving, to improve color consistency during printing, and to make the fabric durable and shining at finishing.

NCAM Cassava Lifter

2009-08-27T03:04:00.001-07:00

Features Designed for uprooting cassava. Consists of a frame to which a footboard and immovable griping jaws are attached, a lever (handle) which is hinged to the frame.

Capacity 200 plants/man-hour
Cost N7500 (US$56.16)
Contact National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM), KM. 20, Ilorin-Lokoja Highway, Idofian, PMB 1525, Ilorin, Nigeria
Telephone 031-224831, 224836
Email ncam@skannet.com

Cassava Utilization
Gari
Fufu flour
High quality cassava flour
Tapioca
Lafun
Kpokpogari
Glucose syrup
Glue
Ethanol
Composite bread
Livestock feed industry
Livestock feed products
Starch in paper, etc.
Starch in food
Starch production
NCAM Peeling Tool
Features

High quality peeling blade and handle made of mild steel

Capacity 35kg/hr
Cost N2600 (US$19.47)
Contact National Centre for Agricultural Mechanization (NCAM)
Address KM. 20, Ilorin-Lokoja Highway, Idofian, PMB 1525, Ilorin, Nigeria
Telephone 031-224831, 224836
Email ncam@skannet.com

Postharvest Equipment
Peelers
Washers
Graters
Pressers
Extruders
Millers
Dryers
Pelletizers
Sealers
Packing machines
IITA Peeling Tool
Application Potential
Peeling Cassava
Capacity Up to 30 kg/hour depending on experience
Advantage Simple, can be fabricated locally, Uniform peeling, Minimum peeling loss, Easy grip providing maximum safety, varying sizes of cassava
Repair and Maintenance Washing and drying after use
Contact IITA & FOODNET (Detailed drawings)
Address International c/o Lambourn (UK) Ltd, Carolyn House, 26 Dingwall Road, Croydon, CR9, 3EE, UK
Uganda IITA Eastern and Southern African Regional Center, 7878, Kampala, Uganda
Telephone 00256-41-223460
Fax 00256-41-220217
Email foodnet@imul.com

PRODA Peeler

Capacity 25kg/min
Power: 5HP
Price US$6364.66 (N850,000)
Contact Projects Development Institute (PRODA)
Ekulu Workshop, PMB 01609
Enugu
Telephone 042 451593 or 457691
Email info@prodaenugu.ng

2-Action Zone Peeler

Capacity 135kg/hr
Contact Prof. E. U. Odigboh, Department of Agric Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Telephone 042-771911 (417)
Fax 042-770644; 771500
Mobile 08043180686

Cassava Washing Machine

Capacity 1 t/hr
Contact

S. Adiss
Address KM 10, Ibadan/Iwo Road, Oganla village, near UTB, Olodo, Box 9069, UI. PO Ibadan
Telephone 02-8103727, 08023504754,

NCAM Cassava Lifter

2009-08-27T03:04:00.000-07:00

Postharvest Equipment for cassava

2009-08-27T02:57:00.000-07:00

Postharvest Equipment

The major constraint of cassava is that the roots deteriorate rapidly. Cassava roots have a shelf-life of 24–48 hours after harvest. Fresh roots must be processed within 2 to 3 days from harvest. This transformation requires equipment for peeling, grating, boiling, fermenting, drying, frying, and milling.

A wide range of cassava processing techniques exists along with relevant equipment for processing the roots into various cassava products in Nigeria and elsewhere. The quality, standards, and specialization of equipment differ by cassava product, fabricator, and country. Equipment may be designed to produce multiple products, while other are designed for specific cassava products.

The equipment presented in this document can be used for small and medium-level cassava enterprises.

Cassava Utilization
Gari
Fufu flour
High quality cassava flour
Tapioca
Lafun
Kpokpogari
Glucose syrup
Glue
Ethanol
Composite bread
Livestock feed industry
Livestock feed products
Starch in paper, etc.
Starch in food
Starch production

1. HARVESTERS
NCAM Cassava Lifter

2. PEELERS
NCAM Peeling Tool
IITA Peeling Tool
PRODA Peeler
2-Action Zone Peeler

3. WASHERS
Cassava Washing Machine

4. GRATERS AND CHIPPERS
Powered Graters
ARCEDEM Grater
STARRON Grater
NUI-LUKAS Electrical Grater
NOVA Grater
NCAM Grater
IITA Portable Grater
IITA Mini Grater
IITA MK1 Powered Grater
IITA MK2 Powered Grater
IITA MK3 Powered Grater
IITA MK4 Powered Grater
OCTEC Cassava Rasping Machine
KEDEY Grater
OGMEC Grater
OBINCOWELD Grater
ADEBASH Grater
PRODA Self-action Grater
FIIRO Grater
EDOZIE Double-roller Grater
INTERMECH Grater

Manual Graters
IITA Manual Disc Grater
B&T VENTURES Grater

Manual Chippers
D.AGEH Chipping Machine
Indian Cassava Chipping Machine
IITA Power Chipper
NCAM Cassava Chipper
NOVA Cassava Chipper
HANIGHA Cassava Chipper
B&T Ventures Cassava Chipper
S.ADISS Cassava Chipper
ARCEDEM Manual Chipper
NCAM Manual Chipper

investment opportunity in cassava Chips and Chunks

2009-08-25T08:24:00.000-07:00

Chips and Chunks

Investment profile for cassava chips production for livestock feed drying with trays

Peeled Chips Unpeeled Chips
Capacity 2.5t/day 2.5t/day
Output per annum 195t 325t
Price Naira/t 20000 18000
Number of working days 180 180
Dry load density 16kg/m2 16kg/m2
Conversion factor 03:01 2.5:1
Raw material required/annum 585t 812t

Fixed Cost
Processing building 750,000 750,000
Chipping machines (2 unit double chipper of 1t/day) 160,000 160,000
Weighing scale 25,000 25,000
Well (water source) 20000 20000
Installation & other expenses @5% 47,750 47,750
Interest on capital @ 22.5% 225618.75 225618.75

Total cost 1,228,369 1,228,369

Other materials required include:
Drying trays (115 nos), rakes, shovels, wheel barrows, basins/tanks for washing and chipping (10 nos), packaging and storage material (bags, ropes, funnel). Costs are based on 2005 prices.
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Investment profile for cassava chips production for livestock feed drying on concrete floors (farm gate processing)

Option 1 Option 2
Peeled chips Unpeeled chips
Capacity 15t/day 15t/day
Output per annum 1170t 1560t
Price Naira/t 18000/t 18000/t
Number of working days 180 180
Dry loading density 10kg/m2 10kg/m2
Conversion factor 03:01 2.5:1
Raw material required/annum 3510t 3900t

Items and cost
Processing building 2,500,000 2,500,000
Chipping machines (4 units double chipper of 2t/day) 640000 640000
Concrete floors 1500m2@N800/m2 1,200,000 1,200,000
Well (water source) 20000 20000
Weighing scale 25,000 25,000
Installation & other expenses @5% 219250 219250
Interest on capital @ 22.5% 1035956.25 1035956.25

Total cost 5,640,206 5,640,206

Other materials required include:
Rakes, shovels, wheel barrows, basins/tanks for washing and chipping (10 nos), packaging and storage material (bags, ropes, funnel, wooden pallets). Costs are based on 2005 prices.

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Investment profile for cassava chunks/strips

With concrete flour With tarpaulin
Capacity 2t/day 2t/day
Output per annum (t) 156 156
Price Naira/t 15000 15000
Number of working days 180 180
Conversion factor 2.5:1 2.5:1
Raw material required/annum 390t 390t

Items and cost
Processing building 750,000 750,000
Cutting/slicing machines (1 units cutter of 2t/day, weighing scale, deep well water source) 200,000 200,000
Concrete floors 250m2@N800/m2 200,000 0
Installation & other expenses @5% 57,500 47,500
Interest on capital @ 22.5% 271,687.50 224,437.50

Total cost 1,479,188 1,221,938

Packaging and storage material (bags, ropes, funnel, wooden pallets) also required. Costs are based on 2005 prices.