Civil Engineering Informative Website

Labour 2

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" CALCULATION NOS OF LABOUR
REQUIRED FOR CONSTRUCTION OF
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING "

ALL ESTIMATION GUIDED BY 'A'

'A' = Plinth Area Per Floor

NO OF MASON UNIT IN DAY(TIME)

8 HRS = 1 DAY

1. MASON:

A. FOR SINGLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (1.335A + 28)

B. FOR DOUBLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (1.335A + 6)

C. FOR FOUR STOREY BUILDING (Framed):
Labour Required in Day = (1.593A - 2)

2. CARPENTER:

A. FOR SINGLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (1.184A - 9)

B. FOR DOUBLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (1.194A - 9)

C. FOR FOUR STOREY BUILDING (Framed):
Labour Required in Day = (1.66A)

3. PAINTER:

A. FOR SINGLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (0.19A)

B. FOR DOUBLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (0.19A)

C. FOR FOUR STOREY BUILDING (Framed):
Labour Required in Day = (0.19A)

4. BLACKSMITH:

A. FOR SINGLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (0.269A - 4)

B. FOR DOUBLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (0.274A - 1.4)

C. FOR FOUR STOREY BUILDING (Framed):
Labour Required in Day = (1.11A - 0.0043A^2 -17.6)

5. MAZDOOR:

A. FOR SINGLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (4.769A + 32)

B. FOR DOUBLE STOREY BUILDING (Load Bearing):
Labour Required in Day = (4.91A + 13)

C. FOR FOUR STOREY BUILDING (Framed):
Labour Required in Day = (5.833A - 9.2)

Labour 1

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LABOUR
OF
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

1. MASON:

Mason, brick mason, or bricklayer, a craftsman who lays bricks to construct brickwork, or who lays any combination of stones, bricks, cinder blocks, or similar pieces. Stone mason, a craftsman in the stone-cutting and shaping industry (who may also set the stones)

2. CARPENTER:

A worker who builds or repairs wooden structures or their structural parts

3. PAINTER:

A house painter and decorator is a tradesman responsible for the painting and decorating of buildings, and is also known as a decorator or house painter.

4. BLACKSMITH:

Blacksmith, also called smith, craftsman who fabricates objects out of iron by hot and cold forging on an anvil. Blacksmiths who specialized in the forging of shoes for horses were called farriers. The term blacksmith derives from iron, formerly called “black metal,” and farrier from the Latin ferrum, “iron.”

5. MAZDOOR:

An unskilled labourer.

Estimate 8

2019-02-01T10:51:00.000+05:30

Method Of Individual Work Estimate
General item of work required for Building Estimate

Formwork
(unit in Sqm)

Definition:
The Mold arrangement of wood or metal plate to hold fresh concrete to attain its shape is called Formwork.-
3 Types-

1. Shuttering (Vertical Surface)

2. Centering (Horizontal Surface)

3. Staging (Wooden Ballies, Props or Support)

Note:
Generally,
Formwork used for Residential Building is Wooden or Steel,
In the case of typical Multistore Building Project used MIVAN

Some Important Equation:

Ballies Height Approximately 3m and 100mm Dia
The spacing of props not more than 1m C/C
Centering upto a span of 4.5m removed after 7 days And Over 4.5m removed after 14 days

During Construction Work:

Props should rest on flat Surface base (Used Brick in case of Wooden Ballies)
Used Oil to easy Deshuttering
The surface of fromwork should clean before placing concrete.
The gapes between centering and shuttering is sealed by mastic tape to prevent leakage of the slurry. Fromworks should leakage proof.

Estimate7

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Method Of Individual Work Estimate
General item of work required for Building Estimate

Reinforcements
(unit in MT or Kg)

Definition:
A Steel Tor bar which provides tensile strength in RCC work
Different dia of Tor Bar-

Note:
The Bar is available in different dia and standard length of 12m
12 mm Dia for Hanger Bar
Generally Fe 500 TMT bar used in Construction

Some Important Equation:

Unit Weight of Steel = 7850 Kg/m3
The weight (Kg) of 1m bar = (d^2)/162
Slab = 80 Kg/m3
Beam = 110 Kg/m3
Column = 160 Kg/m3
Footing Slab = 80 Kg/m3
Generally Take Bar Volumn is 1.25% of Total Volumn of RCC work

During Construction Work:

Steel bar free from oil and Rust(But Littel Rusting is not harmfull)
The bar should not develop crack of the bend portion
Check ISI logo and Grade should more than 450
Never stack the steel rod in direct contact of the ground

BBS 2

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BBS

HOOK:

L-HOOK (90 Angle)
Generally used in Beam
Length = 6D
D = Dia of Bar

U-HOOK
Generally used in Slab, Footing Slab, Chajja, Lintel
Length = 9D

D = Dia of Bar

Longitudinal Bar = 6D, used in column

Bar Bending Schedule

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BBS (Bar Bending Schedule )

Definition:

Method of Calculate No of bars with required specification design and its weight is called bar bending schedule.
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Reinforcement Bar:

Steel Bar used as reinforcement in RCC structure called reinforcement bar.

Value of Dia < 6mm, Called Wire
Value of Dia >= 6mm, Called Bar

Grade < Fe-450, Called, MS TOR BAR
Grade >= Fe-450, Called, HYSD TOR BAR

Grade of Bar:

Generally, Fe 450 used as a reinforcement Bar.
450 Means Strength 450N/mm2
To increase strength, Carbon content should increase
Fe-450
Fe-500
Fe-600

Note: In field always used above Fe-450

Clear Cover:

Clear Cover is a distance which made by concrete and it resists the reinforce from the weathering action such as moisture, snow etc.

Following of clear cover is used in RCC -
For, Slab =20mm
Beam = 30 mm
Column = 40 mm
Foundation & Footing = 50 mm
Lintel = 25 mm
Pile Foundation = 50 mm
Man Hole = 50 mm
All Water Tank and Reservoir wall if If not Given then assumed 200mm

Conversation Table

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CONVERSATION TABLE

LENGTH:

1 ft = 12 inch

1 inch. = 25.4mm (say,25 mm)

1 ft = 304.8 mm (say, 300 mm)

1 m = 1000 mm

1 Km = 0.6214 mile

1 yard = 3 ft

Note: When Running meter(Rmt) and Running foot (RTF) then we should use the actual dimension conversation. i.e. 1 Rmt = 3.28 RTF , and 1 Rtf = 304.8 mm

WEIGHT / MASS:

1 Ton = 1000 Kg

1.0161 Ton (say, 1 Ton.) = 2240 Pounds

1 Pound = 0.4536 Kg

1 Kgf = 9.81 N

1 KN = 1000 N

1 Pa = 1 N/m2

Note: Ton or Tonne is also known as Metric Tonne

AREA:

1 Sqm = 10.764 SFT = 1.196 Sq.Yard

720 SFT = 1 KATHA = 16 CHATAK

45 SFT = 1 CHATAK

14400 SFT = 1 BIGHA = 33 DECI

1 DECI = 14400/33 = 436.36 SFT

100 DECI = 1 ACRE = 3 BIGHA=43200 SFT

2.473 ACRE = 1 HECTOR = 10000 m2

Note: Always area unit serial shown in this type
BIGHA - KATHA - CHATAK - SFT
HECTOR - ACRE - DECI - SFT

VOLUMN:

1 m3 = 1000 liters
1m3 = 35.28cft = 1.3080 cuyard

1 gallon (us) = 3.7853 litres

1 gallon (uk) = 4.5461 litres

1 cuyard = 27 cft = 0.7646 cum

Note: In india generally used uk gallon

Building planning page 2

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Building Planning

TOPIC:

XXXXXXX
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Building Estimate page 6

2019-01-20T20:45:00.001+05:30

Method Of Individual Work Estimate
General item of work required for Building Estimate

Plain Cement Concrete
(unit in cum)

Definition:
PCC is the first concrete work of any construction.
A layer of concrete (Cement:sand:Agg:water) above the SBFS is Known as PCC.

Mainly, Following Grade are mainly used-

M10, (1:3:6) Generally Used
M15, (1:2:4)
M20, (1:1.5:3)

Some Important Equation:

Thickness PCC Layer = 100 to 150mm
Aggregate size = 40mm

During Construction Work:

Spread concrete using Fanti.
Compact using Rammer.
If there are any surface void later fill it using cement mortar.

Building Estimation Page 5

2019-01-20T20:24:00.002+05:30

Method Of Individual Work Estimate
General item of work required for Building Estimate

Brick flat Soling
(unit in sqm)

Definition:
A layer of brick with lean concrete below the PCC and above the earth in Known as SBFS.
According to the arrangement of Bricks in SBFS.
Mainly, 3 Type is-

Note:
In the old generation of construction used lime concrete which Required Ramming.
But in the new generation of construction use cement concrete which dose not required ramming.

Some Important Equation:

1m2 SBFS = 45 Nos Brick 0.30 m3 Lean Concrete

During Construction Work:

Before laying the bricks, the area shall be cleaned properly, Water Soacking of bricks shall be done properly(not less than six hours before the work execution), Bricks shall be kept wetted till the work execution.

Building Estimate page 4

2019-01-20T19:23:00.002+05:30

Method Of Individual Work Estimate
General item of work required for Building Estimate

Earthwork In Filling or Sand Filling
(unit in cum)

Definition:
The excavated earth from foundation trench used for filling is called Earthwork in filling.
Consist of two parts-
1. For foundation trench filling,
2. For plinth filling

Some Important Equation:

Foundation trench filling = 1/5th of Earthwork in excavation.
Plinth filling = Carpet area x Depth of filling

During Construction Work:

After Foundation or Substructure work Completely done we start filling.
The material of filling free from lumps, Vegetation, Chemical and Organic Material.
Filling of sand in a layer of 250mm and compacting with water (Hand Rammer weight 7 to 10 Kg).

Building Estimate Page 3

2019-01-20T12:05:00.000+05:30

Method Of Individual Work Estimate
General item of work required for Building Estimate

Earthwork In Excavation
(unit in cum)

Definition:
The earth is excavated from foundation trench for construct substructure.

Some Important Equation:

Cost generally less than ( 0.3 x Total cost )

During Construction Work:

Excavated earth was thrown out minimum 1m or 1/3 of the depth of the excavation which is more.
If the excavation depth more then 2m then provide inclined or Stepped excavation.
Dressing or trimming sides of excavations and levelling or grading and ramming of bottoms shall be described with the item of excavation.

Building Estimate Page 2

2019-01-20T10:40:00.000+05:30

Different types of Building Estimates

Details Estimate:

Quantities, Rates, and Cost of all individual items calculated from Drawing and measurement sheets, And prepared Details and most Accurate sheets.
All multiplying dimensions are shown in details estimations.

Approximate Estimate (Rough Estimate):

In this types of the estimate, we get approximate cost in a short time.
Approximate cost find out by similar typical types of estimates. Using such guided parameter which like Plinth area.

A Quantity Estimate (Quantity Survey):

This estimate is also known as Bill of quantity (BOQ). It is a list of items of work which multiplying with the unit rates of individual work and lastly shown the total work of the project and project cost.
Only Quantity, Rates and cost is shown in this estimations.

Revised Estimate:

Due changes in unit rates the sanctioned amount is exceeded. This estimate is a details estimate for revised quantities and rates of item.
So no additions or revisions of drawing is necessary.

Supplementary Estimate:

Due Addition and changes of work the sanctioned amount is exceeded. This estimate is a details estimate for revised quantities and rates of items.
Here, Additions or revisions of drawing is necessary.

Building Planning

2019-01-20T10:10:00.002+05:30

Complete Building Planning

:Basic Command:

:Part 1:

:Part 2:

:Part 3:

:Part 4:

:Part 5:

:Part 6:

:Part 7:

:Part 8:

Building Estimate

2019-01-20T09:22:00.003+05:30

Welcome to All here we All civil Engineer learn,

How to make a Building Estimate?

First of all, We have to know what is Building Estimate?

Ans.

The estimate is the Probable Quantity of materials, Number Labours and its Cost required to Complete the proposed work.

Second, Why Building Estimate Required?
Ans.

The short idea about Material and Cost required.
Due to Shortage of Material and Fund work has stopped.
Construction work runs in a proper way.
Estimates are required in order to obtain administrative approval, Technical sanction & allotment of funds.

Third, Differents types of Building Estimate?
Ans.

Details Estimate
A Quantity Estimate (Quantity Survey)
Revised Estimate
Supplementary Estimate
(Revised Estimate + Supplementary Estimate)

KNOWLEDGE CONTRIBUTION

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Planner-Estimator

2019-01-12T20:56:00.001+05:30

Available Soon

10. Do you have any questions to ask us?

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Never ask Salary, perks, leave, place of posting, etc. regarded questions.

Try to ask more about the company to show how early you can make a contribution to your organization like

“Sir, with your kind permission I would like to know more about induction and developmental programs?”

Sir, I would like to have my feedback, so that I can analyze and improve my strengths and rectify my shortcomings.

9. Did the salary we offer attract you to this civil engineer job?

2019-01-12T20:20:00.002+05:30

The interviewer could be asking you this question for a number of reasons.

Obviously, the salary is an important factor to your interest in this job, but it should not be the overriding reason for your interest. A good answer to this question is, “The salary was very attractive, but the job itself is what was most attractive to me.”

8. Why do you want to work with us?

2019-01-12T20:19:00.002+05:30

More likely than not, the interviewer wishes to see how much you know about the company culture, and whether you can identify with the organization’s values and vision. Every organization has its strong points, and these are the ones that you should highlight in your answer. For example, if the company emphasizes on integrity with customers, then you mention that you would like to be in such a team because you yourself believe in integrity.

It doesn’t have to be a lie. In the case that your values are not in line with the ones by the company, ask yourself if you would be happy working there. If you have no issue with that, go ahead. But if you are aware of the company culture and realize that there is some dilemma you might be facing, you ought to think twice. The best policy is to be honest with yourself, and be honest with the interviewer with what is it in the company culture that motivates you.

7. What do you know about our company?

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Follow these three easy research tips before your next job interview:

1) Visit the company website; look in the “about us” section and “careers” sections

2) Visit the company’s LinkedIn page (note, you must have a LinkedIn account — its free to sign up) to view information about the company

3) Google a keyword search phrase like “press releases” followed by the company name; you’ll find the most recent news stories shared by the company

Remember, just because you have done your “homework”, it does not mean you need to share ALL of it during the interview! Reciting every fact you’ve learned is almost as much of a turn off as not knowing anything at all! At a minimum, you should include the following in your answer:

1. What type of product or service the company sells

2. How long the company has been in business

3. What the company culture is like OR what the company mission statement is, and how the culture and/or mission relate to your values or personality

6. Why should the we hire you as civil engineer position?

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This is the part where you link your skills, experience, education and your personality to the job itself. This is why you need to be utterly familiar with the job description as well as the company culture. Remember though, it’s best to back them up with actual examples of say, how you are a good team player.

It is possible that you may not have as much skills, experience or qualifications as the other candidates. What then, will set you apart from the rest? Energy and passion might. People are attracted to someone who is charismatic, who show immense amount of energy when they talk, and who love what it is that they do. As you explain your compatibility with the job and company, be sure to portray yourself as that motivated, confident and energetic person, ever-ready to commit to the cause of the company.

5. What is your biggest weakness?

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No one likes to answer this question because it requires a very delicate balance. You simply can’t lie and say you don’t have one; you can’t trick the interviewer by offering up a personal weakness that is really a strength (“Sometimes, I work too much and don’t maintain a work-life balance.”); and you shouldn’t be so honest that you throw yourself under the bus (“I’m not a morning person so I’m working on getting to the office on time.”)

Think of a small flaw like “I sometimes get sidetracked by small details”, “I am occasionally not as patient as I should be with subordinates or co-workers who do not understand my ideas”, or “I am still somewhat nervous and uncomfortable with my public-speaking skills and would like to give more presentations and talk in front of others or in meetings.” Add that you are aware of the problem and you are doing your best to correct it by taking a course of action.

4. Describe a typical work week for civil engineer position?

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Interviewers expect a candidate for employment to discuss what they do while they are working in detail. Before you answer, consider the position you are applying for and how your current or past positions relate to it. The more you can connect your past experience with the job opening, the more successful you will be at answering the questions.

It should be obvious that it's not a good idea talk about non-work related activities that you do on company time, but, I've had applicants tell me how they are often late because they have to drive a child to school or like to take a long lunch break to work at the gym.

Keep your answers focused on work and show the interviewer that you're organized ("The first thing I do on Monday morning is check my voicemail and email, then I prioritize my activities for the week.") and efficient.

3. What challenges are you looking for in this civil engineer position?

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A typical interview question to determine what you are looking for your in next job, and whether you would be a good fit for the position being hired for, is "What challenges are you looking for in a position?"

The best way to answer questions about the challenges you are seeking is to discuss how you would like to be able to effectively utilize your skills and experience if you were hired for the job.

You can also mention that you are motivated by challenges, have the ability to effectively meet challenges, and have the flexibility and skills necessary to handle a challenging job.

You can continue by describing specific examples of challenges you have met and goals you have achieved in the past.

2. What have you learned from mistakes on the civil engineer job?

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Candidates without specific examples often do not seem credible. However, the example shared should be fairly inconsequential, unintentional, and a learned lesson should be gleaned from it. Moving ahead without group assistance while assigned to a group project meant to be collaborative is a good example.