Dr. Saghir's Bioweb

Structure and Functions of Enzymes

2024-01-03T16:37:00.000-08:00

Structure and Functions of Enzymes

https://youtu.be/8YaAZKbhugg?feature=shared

Support and Movements in Plants

2023-09-18T11:39:00.000-07:00

2023-09-18T11:33:00.002-07:00

Confirmatory Test for Proteins

Past Paper Biology SISE Bahawalpur 2011

2023-08-06T03:06:00.003-07:00

Total marks 17 Objective Part Time: 20 Minutes

Note: Write answers to the questions on the objective answer sheet provided. Four possible answers A, B, C, D to each question are given which answer is correct, fill the relevant circle with pen ink to each question on the answer sheet provided.

1. Each question has four options. Only one option is closest in meaning. Fill the right option from given. 17

Sr.	Question	A	B	C	D
1	The optimum pH of Arginase is	6.70	7.70	8.70	9.70
2	Which of the following do not have cell wall	E-coli	Mycoplasma	Vibrio	Spirochete
3	Cretaceous, Jurassic and Triassic are Period of era	Proterozoic	Paleozoic	Mesozoic	Cenozoic
4	Dextrin, Agar, Pectin and Chitin is	Carbohydrate	Lipid	Protein	Nucleic Acid
5	Foot and mouth disease is caused by	Algae	Bacteria	Fungi	Virus
6	The species of edible mushroom are about	100	200	300	400
7	Pulses belong to the following family	Rosaceae	Solanaceae	Fabaceae	Poaceae
8	The enzymes for Glyoxylate Cycle are located in the	Golgi bodies	Lysosomes	Glyoxysomes	Peroxisomes
9	Giants of the Protists Kingdom are included in	Green Algae	Red Algae	Brown Algae	Diatoms
10	Chlorophyll “a” found in all Photosynthetic Organisms except Photosynthetic	Algae	Bacteria	Fungi	Plants
11	In animals, Reproductive System develop from	Mesenchyma	Ectoderm	Endoderm	Mesoderm
12	The number of Chloroplast in each of Mesophyll Cell is about	20-200	20-100	10-100	10-200
13	Plasma Cells reproduced from	Eosinophills	Basophils	Monocytes	Lymphocytes
14	Hydathodes are associated with	Transpiration	Evaporation	Guttation	Transport of Food
15	Normal pH of human blood is	4.4	5.4	6.4	7.4
16	How many molecules of Oxygen can bind with a molecule of Myoglobin	One	Two	Three	Four
17	In Cockroach food is temporally stored in	Esophagus	Crop	Stomach	Gizzard

Answers Key by: Dr Saghir Ahmad

1	A	2	B	3	C	4	a	5	d	6	b	7	c	8	c	9	c
10	B	11	D	12	B	13	d	14	c	15	d	16	a	17	b

Total marks 68 Subjective Part Time: 2:40 Hours

1. Write short answer to any EIGHT of the following questions. (16)

(i) Draw diagram of Bacteriophage and Label it.

(ii) Why some Biologists found two Kingdom system of Classification unworkable?

(iii) Distinguish between Cell Walls of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria?

(iv) What are the functions of Flagella, Pili, Slime and Capsule in Bacterial Cell?

(v) Distinguish between Pulmonary Circulation and Systemic Circulation.

(vi) Distinguish between Cavum Venosum and Cavum Pulmonale.

(vii) How mineral ions are transported into root whose concentration is already high in root cells?

(viii) Distinguish between Symplast and Apoplast Pathway for transport of water.

2. Write short answer to any EIGHT of the following questions. (16)

(i) What are Bracket /Shelf Fungi? Give their importance.

(ii) Give the cause and symptoms of “ERGOTISM”.

(iii) Calcareous Exoskeleton of Echinoderms may be called Endoskeleton’ Why?

(iv) Define the term “Metameric Segmentation”.

(v) What is “Schizocoelous Coelom”?

(vi) How the secretion of Gastric Juice is regulated?

(vii) Give the importance of Predator-Prey Interaction in an Eco System.

(viii) Draw and label the structure of a “VILLUS”.

3. Write short answer to any EIGHT of the following questions. (16)

(i) Differentiate between Population and Community.

(ii) Why is there need to control Environmental Pollution?

(iii) The active site of enzyme consists of two regions. Give their name and function.

(iv) Give significant for Alternation of Generations.

(v) Explain Circinate Vernation.

(vi) Write vegetative characters of family solanaceae.

(vii) Why Photosynthesis is called Redox Process? Illustrate your answer with equation.

(viii) Enlist four stages of Cellular Respiration. Where do these occur?

Question 4. Write short answer to any SIX of the following questions. (12)

(i) Show Peptide Bend between two Amino Acids.

(ii) What are Conjugated Molecules? Give one example.

(iii) Differentiate between Resolution and Magnification of Microscope.

(iv) What is Tay-Sachs’ disease.

(v) What is Chlorella? Give its significances.

(vi) How Ciliates differ from other protozoans.

(vii) Write two properties of Respiratory Surfaces in animals.

(viii) What are Parabronchi?

(ix) Define Inhalation and Exhalation in Frog.

SECTION-II

Q. 5: (a) Describe various properties of water which make it very important molecule for life.

(b) Explain Respiration in Birds.

Q. 6: (a) Describe various types of Plastids.

(b) How does sexual reproduction occur in Fungi?

Q. 7: (a) Discuss the Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophage.

(b) Write in detail the functions of Lymphatic System.

Q. 8. (a) Write general characteristics of phylum Annelida. .

(b) Write down characteristics of Cyanobacteria.

Q. 9. (a) Describe and sketch light independent (Dark) Reactions of Photosynthesis.

Preparation of Slide of Bacteria from Curd

2018-09-25T09:57:00.000-07:00

SLIDE PREPARATION FROM CURD

Curd Sample Smear Preparation and Gram Staining

INTRODUCTION

Curd is a milk product formed by fermentation. Fermentation is the activity of a genus of bacteria named as Lactobacillus. Lactobacillus bacteria convert sugars into lactic acid by means of fermentation. Milk contains a sugar called lactose, a disaccharide (compound sugar) made by the glycosidic bonding between glucose and galactose (monosaccharide). Curd contains different types of bacteria such as cocci, bacillus etc. By Gram staining method a differential stain is used for demonstration of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The Method for staining bacteria is as under:

METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF SLIDE OF BACTERIA

1. Take a grease free glass slide and draw a thin smear of curd sample with the help of another slide.

2. Heat fix the smear.

3. Now put a few drops of crystal violet and keep it for 2 minutes.

4. Next wash the slide with tap water.

5. After washing put few drops of Gram's Iodine on the smear and keep it for 2 minutes.

6. Wash again with tap water.

7. Then put few drops of Safranine on the smear and keep it for 1 minute and wash.

8. Observe under compound microscope.

Figure: Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria

OBSERVATIONS

1. Gram Positive Cocci: Color-Purple

2. Gram Negative Bacilli: Color-Red

Dr. Saghir Ahmad Profile

2018-06-11T12:24:00.000-07:00

CURRICULUM VITAE OF SAGHIR AHMAD, PH.D.

OBJECTIVES

I want to be a part of highly professional and result-oriented team where the innovations are encouraged so that I can enhance my professional learning and can contribute for the growth and development of my institution.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name

SAGHIR AHMAD, PH.D. (صغیر احمد)

YouTube Account

Saghir Ahmad's Video lectures

Date of Birth

March 15,

Contact Number

+92-333-6219537

Facebook ID

Dr-Sagheer Ahmad Sagheer

ACADEMIC RECORD

2018	PhD	Zoologyof Study	NA	Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
2008	M.Phil	Zoology	First	Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
1989	M.Sc	Zoology	First	Department of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
1986	B.Sc	Zoology, Botany, Chemistry	First	Govt. Khawaja Fareed College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
1984	F.Sc	Biology, Chemistry, Physics	Second	Govt. Khawaja Fareed College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
1982	Matriculation	Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics	First	Govt. Model High School, Sadiqabad, Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan

PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE

Institution/ Organization

Position / Job Title

Period

From

Govt. College of Science, Wahdat Road, Lahore, Pakistan

Assistant Professor of Zoology

115-08-2016

To date

Govt. Islamia College, Railway Road, Lahore, Pakistan

Assistant Professor of Zoology

13-6-13

15-08-16

Govt. Postgraduate College, Khanpur, Distt. Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan.

Assistant Professor of Zoology

31-5-2011

12-6-13

Govt. Khawaja Fareed College, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Lecture in Zoology

1-6-2010

31-5-2011

Govt. Degree College, Sadiq Abad, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan

Lecture in Zoology

19-10-95

1-6-2010

Iqra Degree College, Sadiq Abad, Rahum Yar Khan

Lecture in Biology

11-01-94

19-10-95

Divisional Public School and Intermediate College, Model Town Lahore, Pakistan

Teacher of Biology

8-09-1990

8-01-1994

RESEARCH WORKS

• Fossil Fauna of Mangla, MSc Thesis Research.

• PBLICATION:

• Sarwar, M., Haq, Z. and Ahmad, M.S. 1994. Sivalik Bears and Their Status. ACTA SCIENTIA, 4: 105-115.

• Environmental impact of Sugar Mills in District Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan: MPhil Thesis Research.

• PBLICATION:

• Ahmad, S. and Khan, A.A. 2017. The Impact of Sugar Mills Effluents on Soil Quality. The Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 28(1): 215-221 (ISSN: 1018-7081).

• A Comparative Study of Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Small Ruminants of Cholistan and Agricultural Areas of Rahim Yar Kahn and Rajan Pur, Punjab, Pakistan: PhD Thesis Research.

• PBLICATIONS:

• Ahmad, S. and Tasawar, Z. 2015a. Toxoplasmosis in Small Ruminants from Varied Habitats. ANIMAL AND VETERINARY SCIENCES, 3: 120-124 (ISSN: 2328-5850).

• Ahmad, S. and Tasawar, Z. 2015. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Four Ovine Breeds of Cholistan Desert of Pakistan in PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF LIFE AND SOCIAL SCIENCES, 2: 91-96 (E-ISSN: 2221-7630; P-ISSN: 1727-4915).

• Ahmad, S. and Tasawar, Z. 2016a. Toxoplasmosis in Four Caprine Breeds: A Future Risk of Zoonosis. THE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND PLANT SCIENCES, 26: 388-394 (ISSN: 1018-7081).

• Ahmad, S. and Tasawar, Z. 2016b. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Small Ruminants from Cholistan Desert and Agricultural Areas of Rahim Yar Khan and Rajan Pur (Punjab) Pakistan. PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY, 48: 1003-1008 (ISSN: 1018-7081).

ADDITIONAL EXPERIENCE

• Visiting Faculty Member, University of Education College Road, Lahore.

COMPUTER SKILLS

• MS Office (MS Word, MS Excel, MS PowerPoint)

WORKSHOPS

• Participated in TRAINING OF MASTER TRAINERS for HEAD EXAMINERS at Directorate of Staff Development, Lahore (2-3-2013 to 3-5-2-13).

BISE ASSIGNMENTS

1. PAPER SETTER:

I have been paper setter of FSc Biology for last three years

2. HEAD EXAMINER:

I have been working as Head Examiner for last Five years.

AUTHORSHIP OF BOOKS

• Author of Book: The Objective Biology for F.Sc

• Author of Urdu Poetry Book: Bhula Na Dena (بھلا نہ دینا)

HOBIES

• Urdu Poetry

• Urdu Mushairas

JOB DESCRIPTIONS

• Teaching Biology (FSc)

• Teaching MCAT Students

• Teaching Zoology (BSc)

• Teaching Zoology (BS 4 Years Program)

Toxoplasmosis in Small Ruminants from Varied Habitats :: Science Publishing Group

2015-07-15T00:18:00.001-07:00

Toxoplasmosis in Small Ruminants from Varied Habitats :: Science Publishing Group

Prevalence Frequency of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups in Human in District Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan :: Science Publishing Group

2015-07-10T11:46:00.001-07:00

Prevalence Frequency of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups in Human in District Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan :: Science Publishing Group

Detection of Toxoplasma in Blood serum Samples

2014-12-25T22:05:00.000-08:00

Detection of Toxoplasma in Serum by Latex Test

Hello Parasitologists,

Here are the steps to detect the anti Toxoplasma antibodies in serum samples.

· Collect blood samples (3-5 ml) in vacuum tubes using disposable syringe from jugular vein of animals.

· Let the blood coagulate for 1 hour.

· Carry out the centrifugation 3000 rpm for 10 minutes

· Decant the serum from each test tube in a clean serum cup.

Examine the antibodies in serum samples by using Latex Reagent according to manual/literature provided by the manufactures.

BINOMIAL NAMES OF ANIMALS, MSc SYLLABUS

2014-07-02T12:42:00.003-07:00

BINOMIAL NAMES OF ANIMALS

1. Bearded Vulture: Gypaetus barbatus

2. Bonelli's Eagle: Aquila fasciata

3. Caribou: Rangifer tarandus

4. Common Gundi: Ctenodactylus gundi

5. Common Scops Owl: Otus scops

6. Crows (Corvus cornis, Corvus monedula, Corvus splendens)

7. Dall sheep: Ovis dalli dalli

8. Domestic sheep: Ovis aries

9. Eurasian Eagle Owl: Bubo bubo

10. Eurasian Spoonbill: Platalea leucorodia

   for more animals open the link:
                                                        http://www.bioshiggi.com

Free download Question Paper Board Pattern Variety of Life and Virology

2013-06-27T18:13:00.000-07:00

Paper Biology First Year Time Allowed 1 Hour

Chapter 5 Total Marks 25

Question 1. Select the correct option and encircle: (9 marks)

i. In Classification, a class is sub divided into many:

a) Orders b) families c) Genera d) Species

ii. The known species of animals are:

a) 1.5 million b) 53.1million c) 73.1 million d) None of these

iii. Proecaryotique and eukaryotique are the terms first ever used by:

a) E.Heackel b) E.Chatton c) John Hogg d) R.Whittekar

iv. The order of corn is:

a) Poaceae b) Poales c) Rosales d) None of these

v. A vertebrate with backbone, fins and gills is called:

a) Amphibion b) Fish c) Aquatic mammal d) All of these

vi. Mad cow disease is caused by:

a) Virus b) Bacteria c) Yeast d) None of these

vii. A definite shape to virion is given by:

a) Capsid b) Capsomere c) Mucopolysaccharides d) DNA

viii. What is not true HIV:

a) Transmitted by sexual contact b) Transmitted by mother’s milk

c) Named in 1986 d) None of these

ix. Which of the following is not transmitted by sexual contact:

a) AIDS b) Hepatitis A c) Hepatitis B d) All of these

Question 2. Answer the following short questions: (10 marks)

HIV forms its capsid proteins ?
How the bacteriophage enters into the host cell? Give the particular name of this process also.
Write down the biological names of potato and corn.
Define induction.
Draw a labelled diagram of HIV.

Question 3. Write a note on common viral diseases of human. (6 marks)

Classification of E. coli and Yeast

2013-06-27T09:48:00.001-07:00

Classification of E. coli

Phylum: Proteobacteria

Class: Gamma Proteobacteria

Order: Enterobacteriales

Family: Enterobacteriaceae

Genus: Escherichia

Species: Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Classification of Yeast

Phylum: Fungi

Class: Ascomycetes

Order: Saccharomycetales

Family: Saccharomycetaceae

Genus: Saccharomyces

Species: Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Model Question paper on Reproduction

2013-03-23T02:56:00.002-07:00

Paper Biology Chapter 18 Reproduction

TEST NO----------------- Date: ……….

Paper Setter: Mahr Sagheer Total Marks: 25

Class: FSc. Part II Roll No: ……………… Time allowed: 1 hour

Note: Attempt all questions.

Q .No.1: Answer the following short questions: (12)

i. Write the role of hormones in ovulation.

ii. Define menopause.

iii. What is ovoviviparity?

iv. Define fraternal twins.

v. What is after birth?

vi. How pregnancy is maintained? Give role of hormones.

Q .No.2: a) Write a note on sexually transmitted diseases. (4)

b) Describe the role of phytochromes. (4)

Q .No.3: Four possible answers are given. Tick (Ö ) the best option. (5)

i. Reproduction is important for the survival of:

a) Individual b) species c) Population d) Both b & c

ii. Methods of asexual reproduction are:

a) Apomixis b) Artificial propagation

c) Sporulation d) All of these

iii. Pinus sylvesteris belongs to:

a) Gymnosperms b) Angiosperms c) Both a & b d) None of these

iv. Antipodal cells are fertilized by:

a) Pollen tube b) Tube nucleus c) generative nucleus d) none

v. Developing seeds are rich source of:

a) Auxins b) Abscicic acid c) Ethene d) All of these

Answer Key

Q. No. 1: Four possible answers are given. Tick (Ö ) the best option. (5)

i. Reproduction is important for the survival of:

a) Individual b) species c) Population d) Both b & c

ii. Methods of asexual reproduction are:

a) Apomixis b) Artificial propagation

c) Sporulation d) All of these

iii. Pinus sylvesteris belongs to:

a) Gymnosperms b) Angiosperms c) Both a & b d) None of these

iv. Antipodal cells are fertilized by:

a) Pollen tube b) Tube nucleus c) generative nucleus d) none

v. Developing seeds are rich source of:

a) Auxins b) Abscicic acid c) Ethene d) All of these

Q. No. 2: Answer the following short questions: (12)

i. Role of hormones in ovulation: FSH released from pituitary stimulates the secretion of estrogens from ovary. Estrogens cause the vascularization of endometrium and inhibition of FSH. The decreased level of FSH and increased level of estrogens causes the pituitary to release Luteinizing Hormone (LH) which induces the ovulation (the release of ovum from follicle). (see page 99)

ii. Menopause: In human, the end or complete stoppage of menstrual cycle is called menopause after which the female stops menstruation and producing ovum (see page 99 FSc Biology Book 2nd).

iii. Ovoviviparity: The development of embryo within the egg, within the uterus of mother and at the completion of development the hatching of young one from the laid ovum is called ovoviviparity. In Duckbilled Platypus, Echidna etc ovoviviparity occurs (see page 96 FSc Biology Book 2nd).

iv. Fraternal twins: During the development in some case, more than one ova escape the follicle ateresia. Therefore more than one embryos or fetus’ os off spring develop which are called fraternal twins (see page 94 FSc Biology Book 2nd).

v. After birth: Within 10 to 45 minutes after the birth, uterus contracts and placenta is separated from the wall of uterus which passes out of the body of mother through vagina. This is called after birth. Bleeding throughout this period is controlled by contraction of smooth muscle fibers which completely surround all the uterine blood vessels supplying the placenta. The average loss of blood during birth is about 350 cm³(see page 94 FSc Biology Book 2nd).

vi. Role of hormones in maintenance of pregnancy: The fertilized ovum starts its development and is attached with the wall of uterus. This attachment is called implantation or conception. This leads to establishment of placenta, a tissue formed between the embryo and uterine wall. Placenta secretes progesterone hormone which maintains the pregnancy (see page 100 FSc Biology Book 2nd).

Q .No.3: a) Write a note on sexually transmitted diseases. (4)

b) Describe the role of phytochromes. (4)

please open the following link for more question papers:
www.bioshiggi.com

Free download Classification of Protozoa and Animals for FSc and BSc students

2013-02-17T13:23:00.001-08:00

Classification

1. Paramecium caudatum
Phylum------------------------

-----Protozoa
Sub-phylum----------------------Ciliophora
Class--------------------------Ciliata
Order-----------------------Holotricha

2.Opalina
Phylum------------------------------Protozoa
Sub-phylum-----------------------Ciliophora
Class----------------------------Ciliata
Order-------------------------Opalinida

3.Vorticella
Phylum-----------------------------Protozoa
Class----------------------------Ciliata
Order-------------------------Peritricha

4.Stentor

Phylum-----------------------------Protozoa

Class-----------------------------Ciliata

Order--------------------------Spirotricha

5.Plasmodium

Phylum------------------------------Protozoa

Sub-phylum-----------------------Plasmadroma

Class--------------------------Sporozoa

Order-----------------------Hemosporidia

6.Euglena

Phylum-----------------------------Protozoa

Sub-phylum----------------------Plasmadroma

Class-------------------------Mastigophora

Order----------------------Euglenoidena

7.Trypanosoma

Phylum----------------------------Protozoa

Sub-phylum---------------------Plasmadroma

Class-------------------------Mastigophora

Order----------------------Protomonadina

8.Entamoeba

Phylum----------------------------Protozoa

Class----------------------------Sarcodina(rhizopoda)

Order--------------------------Lobosa

9.Sycon

Phylum----------------------------Porifera

Class---------------------------Calcaria

Order------------------------Hetrocoela

10.Leucosolenia

Phylum----------------------------Porifera

Class----------------------------Clacaria

Order--------------------------Homocoela(asconida)

11.Euplectella

Phylum----------------------------Porifera

Class---------------------------Hexactinillida

Order------------------------Hyalospongia

12.Hydra

Phylum-----------------------------Coelentrata

Class-----------------------------Hydrozoa

Order--------------------------Hydroidea

13.Jelly fish

Phylum-------------------------------Coelentrata

Class------------------------------Scyphozoa

Order----------------------------Discomedusae

14.Sea anemone

Phylum------------------------------Coelentrata

Class-----------------------------Anthozoa

Order--------------------------Actiniaria

15.Coral

Phylum-------------------------------Coelentrata

Class-------------------------------Anthozoa

Order----------------------------Madreporaria

16.Fasciola heptica

Phylum-------------------------------Platyhelminthes

Class------------------------------Trematoda

Order---------------------------Digenea

17.Tape worm

Phylum--------------------------------Platyhelminthes

Class--------------------------------Cestoda

Order-----------------------------Cyclophyllidea

18.Planaria

Phylum---------------------------------Platyhelminthes

Class---------------------------------Turbllaria

Order------------------------------Tricladida

19.Ascaris

Phylum---------------------------------Aschelminthes

Class---------------------------------Nematoda

Order------------------------------Rhabditida

20.Earthworm

Phylum-------------------------------Annelida

Class-------------------------------Oligocheta

Order----------------------------???????

21.Nereis

Phylum-------------------------------Annelida

Class-------------------------------Polycheta

Order----------------------------Errantia

22.Leech

Phylum--------------------------------Annelida

Class-------------------------------Hirudinea

Order----------------------------Gnathobdellida

23.Cockroach

Phylum--------------------------------Arthropoda

Class--------------------------------Insecta

Order------------------------------Arthoptera

24.Dragon fly

Phylum--------------------------------Arthropoda

Class--------------------------------Insecta

Order-----------------------------Odonata

25.Cuttle fish

Phylum--------------------------------Molluska

Class--------------------------------Decapoda(cephalopoda)

Order------------------------------Dibranchia

26.Star fish

Phylum--------------------------------Echinodermata

Class--------------------------------Astroidea

Order-----------------------------Forcipulata

27.Brittle star

Phylum------------------------------Echinodermata

Class-----------------------------Ophiuroidea

Order---------------------------Ophiurida

28.Hedge hog

Phylum-------------------------------Chordata

Class-------------------------------Mammalia

Order----------------------------Insectevora

Free download BINOMIAL NAMES OF ANIMALS

2013-02-15T11:12:00.002-08:00

BINOMIAL NAMES OF ANIMALS

1. Bearded Vulture: Gypaetus barbatus

2. Bonelli's Eagle: Aquila fasciata

3. Caribou: Rangifer tarandus

4. Common Gundi: Ctenodactylus gundi

5. Common Scops Owl: Otus scops

6. Crows (Corvus cornis, Corvus monedula, Corvus splendens)

7. Dall sheep: Ovis dalli dalli

8. Domestic sheep: Ovis aries

9. Eurasian Eagle Owl: Bubo bubo

10. Eurasian Spoonbill: Platalea leucorodia

for more animals open the link: www.bioshiggi.com

Free download Biology Model Test on Introduction to Biology and Biomolecules

2013-02-14T10:43:00.003-08:00

Schedule test FSc. 1st Year Time Allowed: 20 min
BIOLOGY (objective) Chapter (1+2) Total Marks: 17

Roll No……………….. Name……………… Date…………………

Q .No.1 Encircle the best option.

I. The study of relationship between organisms and their environment is called:

a) Genetics b) Biotechnology

c) Environment d) Evolution

II. Two glucose molecules chemically combine to form:

a) Lactose b) Starch

c) Sucrose d) Maltose

III. The bond between two amino acids is called:

a) Dipeptide b) Peptide bond

c) Ionic bond d) Ester bond

IV. Which of the following is not a Polysaccharide?

a) Chitin b) Agar

c) Starch d) Maltose

V. Terpenoids are the types of :

a) Organic compounds b) Inorganic compounds

c) Lipids d) Both “a”& “c”

VI. Which of the followings is not a Monosaccharide?

a) Dihydroxyacetone b) Ribose

c) Lactose d) Cellulose

VII. Which of the following is a fibrous protein?

a) Nail b) Enzyme

c) Insulin d) Cytochrome

VIII. The study of inheritance of characters is called:

a) Embryology b) Genetics

c) Physiology d) Ecology

IX. Palmitic Acid is an example of:

a) Amino acid b) Glyceroid

c) Fatty acid d) none of these

X. The formation of RNA from DNA is called:

a) Transformation b) Transduction

c) Transcription d) None of these

XI. The synthesis of 10g of glucose………. solar energy requires:

a) 716.7 kcal b) 717.6 kcal c) 167.7 kcal d) 716.7 kcal

XII.A large regional community determined by climate is called:

a) Biosphere b) population c) region d) biome

XIII. Which of the followings has least percentage in human body?

a) Hydrogen b) phosphorus c) calcium d) nitrogen

XIV. The melting point of butyric acid is:

a) 63.1˚C b) 63.1˚F c) -8˚C d) d) 61.3˚F

XV. Oxygen is ………. in human body.

a) 65% b) 18% c) 10% d) 3%

XVI. Which of the following not a carbohydrate?

a) agar b) chitin c) dextrin d) none of these

XVII. The percentage of rRNA in cell is:

a) 3-4% b) 80% c) 10-20% d) 70%

Schedule test FSc. 1st Year Time Allowed: 1.20 hr

BIOLOGY (subjective) Chapter (1+2) Total Marks: 34

Roll No……………….. Name……………… Date………………

Note: Attempt all questions from Part I and Part II.

PART I

Q.No.2: Write short answers to the following questions (on the question

paper provided): (18)

i. Define carbohydrate? (2)

ii. What is Phosphatidic acid? (2)

iii. Define Isoprenoid unit? (2)

iv. What is metabolism? (2)

v. What does NAD⁺ stand for? (2)

vi. What is the structure of amino acid? (4)

vii. Write down the formula of ATP? (4)

PART II

Q.No.3: Explain the structure of DNA? (8)

Q.No.4: Describe the benefits of Biology? (8)
for more question papers open the link: www.bioshiggi.com

Free download Paper Biology on Fungi by Mahr sagheer

2013-02-14T09:27:00.000-08:00

Paper Biology (First Year) Time Allowed……. 1 Hour

Chapter 8 Fungi Total Marks …………… 25

Question 1: Select the correct option and encircle answer: (9 marks)

i. In Classification, pink bread mold is placed in:

a) Ascomycota b) Basidiomycota

c) Zygocomycota d) Deutermycota

ii. There are about 200 edible species of:

a) Morals b) Truffles

c) Mushrooms and morals d) None of these

iii. Deuteromycete are most related with:

a) Sac fungi b) Conjugating fungi

c) Club fungi d) All of these

iv. Which of the following is not a true statement?

a) Basidia are not produced on gills.

b) Yeast reproduce sexually and asexaully.

c) Basidiocarps are produced from dikaryotic hyphae.

d) Ears of sweet corn are parasitised by ustilogo maydis.

v. Brown mold and green mold are similar on the basis of their:

a) Mode of Reproduction b) Same type of disease

c) Their sporangia d) All of these

vi. Tree stems are parasitised by:

a) Arthrobotrys b) Rhodotorula

c) Oyster mushroom d) All of these

vii. Which of the followings reproduces asexually by conidia formation?

a) Sac fungi b) Imperfect fungi

c) Both “a” and “b” d) None of these

viii. Which of the followings is not true statement:

a) Candida causes a sexual disease b) Glycogen is stored on fungi

c) Lipids is stored on fungi d) Alternaria is a lichen

ix. The large Cup fungi belong to group:

a) Ascomycota b) Mushrooms

c) Zygomycota d) Deuteromycota

Question 2: Answer the following short questions: (10 marks)

I. 1. Give two similarities between fungi and animals.

II. 2. How the fungal diseases are spread by birds? Give example.

III. 3.Write down the two diseases caused by a yeast.

IV. 4. Define parasexuality.

V. 5. Draw a labelled mycelium of Black bread mold.

Write your comments

Free download Questions on Chromosome and DNA

2013-02-12T12:04:00.000-08:00

Chromosome and DNA

Question: Answer the following questions:

I. Define chromosomes and karyotype?

II. What are types of chromosomes?

III. What is alkapotamia?

IV. Differentiate b/w codon and promotor?

V. Why a cap and tail is added to mRNA?

VI. What is phenylketonuria?

VII. What is sickle cell anemia?

VIII. Why histone is positively charge?

IX. Define transcription?

X. What is okazaki fragment?

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free down load Biology Chapter 27

2013-02-12T11:49:00.002-08:00

Chapter 27

Answer the following Short Questions:

Give the names of some major ecosystem on land in Pakistan
How many biomes are present in the world name them(any five)
Name the zones in lake ecosystems.
Define Lithospheric ecosystem, whicht factors affect on life?
Define the term Productivity of an ecosystem.
What is difference b/w Altitude and Latitude?
Define desertification.
Differentiate b/w prairies and savanna.
What is acidification of Lakes?
Define Desert ecosystem. ADD YOUR COMMENTS

Free download biology paper on Chromosome and DNA

2013-02-12T11:41:00.002-08:00

Chapter No.20 Chromosome and DNA

Question: Answer the following questions:

I. Define chromosomes and karyotype?

II. What are types of chromosomes?

III. What is alkapotonuria?

IV. Differentiate b/w codon and promotor?

V. Why a cap and tail is added to mRNA?

VI. What is phenyleketonuria?

VII. What is sickle cell anaemia?

VIII. Why histone is positively charge?

IX. Define transcription?

X. What is okazaki fragment?

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www.bioshiggi.com

free download Chromosome and DNA Cha 20 (0bj)

2013-02-12T11:39:00.000-08:00

Chromosome and DNA Ch 20 (0bj)

Q 1: Encircle the correct answer. (17)

Interphase nucleus contains:

a) chromatin b) chromosomes c) Microtubules d) Spindles

More than 500 pairs of chromosomes are found in some:

a) Mosquitoes b) Honey bees c) Ferns d) Sugar cane species

The particular array of chromosomes that an individual possesses is called its:

a) Karyotype b) Primary constriction c) Kinetochore

d) Secondary constriction

A typical human chromosome contains about -------- nucleotides in its DNA:

a) 100 million b) 200 million c) 140 million d) 240 million

Histone proteins combine with DNA to from a complex:

a) Nucleosome b) Kinetochore c) chromatin d) Centromere

Highly condensed portions of chromatin are called:

a) Euchromatin b) Heterochromatin c) chromatin d) chromatids

Who did proposed the chromosomal theory of inheritance:

a)Karl Correns b) alter Sutton c) T.H.Morgan d) F. Griffth

A. Hershy and Chase performed experiments on bacterophage:

a) T₂-phageb) T₃-phage c) T₄-phage d) λ-phage

Repeating units of DNA are called:

a) Histones b) Nucleosides c) Nucleotides d) Amino acids

Base pairs of DNA molecule are planar and stack------ apart:

a) 0.2nm b) 2nm c) 0.34 nm d) 34nm

Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium containing heavy isotope of:

a) Sulphur b) Nitrogen c) Phosphrous d) Oxygen

It is a relatively small enzyme which plays a supporting role in DNA replication:

a) DNA polymerase I b) DNA polymerase II

c) DNA polymerase III d) RNA polymerase I

RNA primer is a consequence of about --------RNA nucleotides:

a) 10 b) 20 c) 30 d) 40

Patients produce urine that contain homogentisic acid:

a) Phenylketonuria b) Alkaptonuria c) Sickle cell anemia

d) Down’s syndrone

A sequence of nucleotides that determines the amino acid sequence of protein is called:

a) Codon b) Anticodon c) Gene d) Genotype

Enzymes are responsible for assembly of :

a) Nucleic acid b) Protein c) Carbohydrates d) All of these

Which one is not appropriate to point mutation:

a) Mutational changes affecting message it self

b) Producing alterations in sequence of DNA nucleotides

c) Due to spontaneous pairing errors

d) Down’s syndrome is an example
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Free download Paper Biology Reproduction (obj)

2013-02-12T11:31:00.002-08:00

Chapter 18 Reproduction (Objective)

Note: Attempt all questions.

Q .No.1: Four possible answers are given. Encircle the best option. (17)

i. Reproduction is important for the survival of:

a) Individual b) species c) Population d) Both b & c

ii. Methods of asexual reproduction are:

a) Apomixis b) Artificial propagation

c) Sporulation d) All of these

iii. Pinus sylvesteris belongs to:

a) Gymnosperms b) Angiosperms c) Both a & b d) None of these

iv. Three Antipodal cells are fertilized with:

a) Pollen tube b) Egg nucleus c) pollen gains d) none of these

v. Developing seeds are rich source of:

a) Auxins b) Cytokinins c) Gibberellins d) All of these

vi. Hyoscymus niger is one of the:

a) long day plants b) Short day plants c) Day neutral plants d) None

vii. The wave length of red light is:

a) 660 ×10-9 b) 6600 × 10^-10 c)66×10^-8 d)All of these

viii. P660 is converted in P730 by absorbing light of wavelength:

a) 660 nm b) 730 nm c) Both a & b d) All of these

ix. The total non-disjunction of chromosomes is a form of:

a) Mitosis b) Meiosis c) None of these d) Both a & b

x. Parthenogenesis accelerates the:

a) Reproductive rate b) Growth rate

c) Cell growth rate d) all of these

xi. In tissue culturing technique, the nutrients used are:

a) Cytokinins b) Indole acetic acid c) Auxins d) All of these

xii. Prostrate gland is found in:

a) Males b) Females c) Both males & females d) None

xiii. The events of menstrual cycle involve:

a) Ovaries b) Uterus c) Ureter d) Both a & b

xiv. Estrous cycle is the reproductive cycle found in:

a) Goats b) cats c) Human females c) Both a & b

xv. Polar bodies are:

a) Haploid b) Diploid c) Triploid d) All of these

xvi. Duration of gestation period in women is:

a) 40 weeks b) 41 weeks c) 42 weeks d) none of these

xvii. Neisseria gonorrheae is a -------- bacterium.

a) Gram positive b) Gram negative c) Both a & b d) None of these

(Prepared by: Mahr Sagheer )

Free download Model Paper biology Homeostasis and Osmoregulation

2013-02-12T11:28:00.004-08:00

Chapter 15

Q 1. MCQs

i. The incidence of calcium phosphate type stone is ____%

a) 10 b) 70 c) 15 d) none

ii. End stage of renal disease is called as

a) Hyperglycemia b) hypercalcemia c) uremia d) all of above

iii. Which of the following is a heterotherm?

a) Bat b) humming bird c) both d) none

iv. Pyrexia has a relation with

a) Pathogens b) leukocytes c) pyrogens d) all of above

v. Which of the following is not an endoderm?

a) Birds b) amphibian c) flying insect d) mammals

vi. The more concentrated external environment as called as

a) Hypotonic b) hyperosmotic c) both d) none

vii. Excretion through metanephridia is carried out by

a) Planaria b) hydra c) earthworm d) none

viii. Hemoglobin breakdown produces

a) Bilurbin b) uric acid c) both d) none

ix. Which of the following is irrelevant?

a) Haemodialysis b) dialyzer c) artificial kidney c) peritoneal cavity

x. Plants respond to cold stress by increasing proportion of

a) Unsaturated fatty acids b) proteins c) both d) none

xi. Which of the following is irrelevant?

a) Infrared thermal radiation b) direct sunlight c) reflected sunlight c) evaporation

xii. Plumage fluffing is____adaptation

a) Structural b) behavioral c) physiological d) none

xiii. Which of the following is a homeostatic thermostat in human?

a) Hypothalamus b) kidney c) adrenals d) none

xiv. The excretory structure that delivers urine from kidney to bladder

a) Urethra b) ureter c) pelvis d) none

xv. Which of the following is irrelevant?

a) Receptor b) control centre c) effector d) promoter

xvi. The metabolism of muscle creatinine produces

a) Creatinine b) urea c) both d none

xvii. Which of the following is irrelevant?

a) Nephrostome b) nephridiopore c) malpighian tubules d) metanephridia

Question 2: Answer the followings briefly.

i. Why ammonia is excretory product of animals of hypotonic environment.

ii. What are vasa recta?

iii. Why leaves of certain plants are called excretophores?

iv. What are effects of ice crystal formation within cytoplasm?

v. What are ectotherms. Give examples?

vi. What is non-shivering thermogenesis?

vii. How marine whales inhibit much cold water?

viii. What is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy?

ix. In maples cytosol have no ice crystal formation.

a. KEY

xviii. 1) c 2) c3) c 4) d 5) b 6) d 7) c 8) a 9) d 10) a 11) d 12)c 13) a 14) b 15) d 16) a 17) c

Free Download Bio Paper on Homeostasis and Osmoregulation by Mahr Saghir

2013-02-12T11:24:00.002-08:00

Chapter No.15 Homeostasis and Osmoregulation

Question: Answer the following questions. (40)

i. Define Osmoregulation?

ii. Define thermoregulation?

iii. Define excretion?

iv. Define homeostasis?

v. Define anhydrobiosis?

vi. What is excretophores?

vii. Define vasa recta?

viii. What is glumerular filtrate?

ix. Define pyrexia?

x. Define hyperoxaluria?

xi. Define malpighiam tubules?

xii. Define hypocalcaemia?

xiii. What is beneficial effect of Osmoregulation?

xiv. What are rectal glands also write its formation?

xv. Define hypertonic environment?

xvi. What is the amount of water to remove 1gram of urea?

xvii. Define Afferent arteriole?

xviii. Define Efferent arteriole?

xix. Define isotonic environment?

xx. How the plants respond in the cold temperature?

Free dowload biology Solved mcqs on Coordination

2013-02-12T11:19:00.000-08:00

Schedule test FSc. 1st Year Time Allowed: 20 min

BIOLOGY (objective) Chapter 17 Total Marks: 17

ANSWER KEY

Note: Attempt all questions.

Q .No.1: Four possible answers are given. Encircle the best option. (17)

Behaviour of plants depend on variation in:
a) Growth rates b) Turgidity of cells c) Both a & b d) None of these
Chlorosis is due to:

a) Accumulation of waste products b) Deficiency of chlorophyll

b) Short supply of mineral nutrients d) All of these

Detection of vibration in vertebrates is achieved by receptors in:

a) Brain b)Skin c)Joints d)None of these

Neuroglia cells are present in:

a) Lower animals b) Higher animals

b) Both a and b d) None of these

Nissl’s granules are group of:

a) Microtubules b) Neurofilaments c) Ribosomes d)Neurotransmitters

In motor neurons many granules are present in:

a) Cell body b) Axon c) Dendrites d) Both a & b

Hypophysis cerebri is an ovoid structure of about:

a) 0.3cm b) 0.4cm c) 0.5cm d) 0.6cm

Hormone that affects the process of metamorphosis in amphibians:

a) Thyroxin b) Tri-idothyronine c) Both a and b d) None of these

The promoter of leaf senescence is:

a) Auxins b) Gibberellins c) Cytokinins d) Abscisic acid

Which of the following neuron has single dendron?

a) Sensory dendron b) Motory dendron c) Both a and b d) None of these

Myelin Sheath surrounding neuron fibers is made of:

a) Carbohydrates b) Protiens c) Lipids d) Fats

Hydra has no

a) Glandular cells b) True muscles c) Nerve cells d) All of these

Which of the following is not related to neurons?

a) Conduction b) Regeneration c) Reflex d) Movement

Intelligence is under control of:

a) Cerebrum b) Cerebellum c) Thalamus d) Hypothalamus

Epinephrine and Thyronine are:

a) proteins b) Steroids c) Amino acid d) Polypeptides

xvi. Acetylcholine is neurotransmitter that lies in:

a) Outside the nervous system b) Inside the nervous system

c) inside brain d) None of these

xvii. Nissl’s granules are present in:

a) Axoplasm b) Mylien sheath c) Dendrite d) Soma
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