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<channel>
	<title>William Bole</title>
	<atom:link href="https://williambole.com/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://williambole.com</link>
	<description>Journalist, Author, Analyst</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2025 17:28:53 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>President Trump Has Opened My Eyes to the Hellscape that is Boston :)</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/president-trump-opens-my-eyes-to-the-real-boston/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[William Bole]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2025 15:30:23 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://williambole.com/?p=1856</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[I used to believe that we live in a lovely, safe, and happy city. But President Trump recently pointed out that Boston is actually quite dangerous and unlivable, explaining that he might need to relocate the 2026 World Cup soccer matches from the Boston area for safety reasons. Now I’m seeing everything in a different light. <a href="https://williambole.com/president-trump-opens-my-eyes-to-the-real-boston/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>I used to believe that we live in a lovely, safe, and happy city. But President Trump recently pointed out that Boston is actually quite dangerous and unlivable, explaining that he might need to <a title="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/soccer/worldcup/2025/11/17/trump-world-cup-2026-location-change-crime/87325026007/" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/soccer/worldcup/2025/11/17/trump-world-cup-2026-location-change-crime/87325026007/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">relocate the 2026 World Cup soccer matches</a> from the Boston area for safety reasons. Now I’m seeing everything in a different light.</em></p>
<p>I stop and relax for a bit under a white oak tree in Copley Square. In clear view is the Boston Public Library with its Romanesque arches and bronze figures depicting the arts and sciences. I go inside and take a stroll in the open-air courtyard, quietly reflecting as I walk past the fountain and gaze at the murals and fresh florals. I’m thinking, what a hellhole of a city we live in.</p>
<p>I wander into the “No Kings” march on Boston Common, and police are clustering in one spot off to the side. They look bored. A hundred thousand people are protesting like proper Bostonians, lugging handmade signs including one that says “My Only King is David Ortiz.” No one’s agitating, and there are no arrests. But really, it’s terrifying to imagine the latent threat posed by these teachers, students, faith leaders, retirees, and others. Maybe Boston’s finest should spray around pepper balls and push people to the ground just to be safe.</p>
<p>I step out for some fresh air on Halloween night, and I’m confronted by mobs of teenagers, twenty-somethings, small children, parents, and grandparents, surging past storefronts in Jamaica Plain. A brass band appears out of nowhere, rocking out “The Monster Mash.” I walk by the noodle shop and notice a young couple leaving in a duo costume, matched as Tequila and Lime. I find all this absolutely horrifying.</p>
<p><span id="more-1856"></span>I am dragged by friends to Dorchester’s Little Saigon, purportedly a bustling scene of culture and cuisine. We pass a Vietnamese community center and a Buddhist temple before arriving at our destination, a Pho place where there’s a line out the door. I peek inside and see patrons at a table laughing together with their purple-haired waitress. When we’re finally seated and served, the Pho Tai is fragrant and flavorful, and I wonder, where are the ICE agents when you need them?</p>
<p>And what’s the deal with these middle schoolers who take the T around town by themselves with their parents’ blessing? They’re like my kids and their friends and co-workers, cutting through the Common late at night and thinking nothing of it, just because they’ve never been threatened or harassed doing so. I think it’s fair to say that there’s an egregious lack of fear in the Boston citizenry.</p>
<p>I hop on my bike for the morning commute, pedaling through JP Center and into the Emerald Necklace. I ride from one park to another, alongside pedestrian paths, stone walls, and ponds, and past community art installations. Off the park trails, I count eight bakeries on my trek to Chestnut Hill and more than a dozen coffee shops, all of which are trafficking in sugary, fatty substances injurious to body and soul. I feel constrained to enter at least one of these establishments, and suddenly I’m consuming several times as many calories as I burn on the route. I now truly believe that the only way to remedy this situation would be to send 40,000 troops to Boston. What about that, Mr. President?</p>
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		<title>Finding New Solace in Bruce Springsteen&#8217;s &#8216;The Rising&#8217; 20 years after 9/11</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/finding-new-solace-in-bruce-springsteens-the-rising-20-years-after-9-11/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Sep 2021 10:20:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://williambole.com/?p=1832</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[In the late afternoon of Sept. 11, 2001, Bruce Springsteen headed out to a coastal bridge near his home in New Jersey, where, on a clear day in the past, he could see the vertical lines of the Twin Towers. On this cataclysmic day, following the atrocities that appeared on his television screen that morning, <a href="https://williambole.com/finding-new-solace-in-bruce-springsteens-the-rising-20-years-after-9-11/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>In the late afternoon of Sept. 11, 2001, Bruce Springsteen headed out to a coastal bridge near his home in New Jersey, where, on a clear day in the past, he could see the vertical lines of the Twin Towers. On this cataclysmic day, following the atrocities that appeared on his television screen that morning, he saw only &#8220;torrents of smoke lifted from the end of Manhattan Island,&#8221; as he recalled in his 2016 memoir <em>Born to Run</em>.</p>
<p>After sitting alone with his restless thoughts on a beach below the foot of the bridge, Springsteen started back to the parking lot. At that moment, a man drove by, with his window open, and yelled out — &#8220;Bruce, we need you.&#8221;</p>
<p>The week after, Springsteen headlined a national telethon to raise money for the grieving families who lost loved ones when the towers fell on 9/11, and was inspired to begin recording his 12th studio album, &#8220;The Rising.&#8221; With this 9/11-themed album, released in July 2002, the Boss was back: He was once again at the top of the charts, the band was rocking like it hadn&#8217;t since the 1980s, and the music was mournful and uplifting at the same time. The driver who called upon Springsteen at the beach, and seemingly every other fan, got the Bruce they needed.</p>
<p>I have to confess that I wasn&#8217;t looking for this Bruce, during the long aftershocks of 9/11.</p>
<p><a href="https://www.ncronline.org/news/opinion/finding-new-solace-bruce-springsteens-rising-20-years-after-911" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Read my confession and why I believe we still need Bruce, 20 years later. See the full article.</em></a></p>
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		<title>What&#8217;s on Your Pandemic Playlist?</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/whats-on-your-pandemic-playlist/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 12 Sep 2021 09:30:39 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://williambole.com/?p=1825</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[If you happened to be inside a hospital early in the pandemic, you might have heard these words floating through the corridors — &#8220;The smiles returning to the faces. Little darling, it seems like years since it&#8217;s been here.&#8221; They&#8217;re lyrics from &#8220;Here Comes the Sun,&#8221; George Harrison&#8217;s 1969 classic about resurrection from the dead <a href="https://williambole.com/whats-on-your-pandemic-playlist/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>If you happened to be inside a hospital early in the pandemic, you might have heard these words floating through the corridors — &#8220;The smiles returning to the faces. Little darling, it seems like years since it&#8217;s been here.&#8221; They&#8217;re lyrics from &#8220;Here Comes the Sun,&#8221; George Harrison&#8217;s 1969 classic about resurrection from the dead of winter. Across the country, hospitals played the Beatles&#8217; song over paging systems as a celebratory ritual when discharging a patient on the mend from the coronavirus. Many still do.</p>
<p>Music has been therapeutic for people outside hospitals, too, and more than a few of the prescribed tunes were written and sung by the &#8220;quiet Beatle,&#8221; also known as the spiritual one. Harrison, who died of lung cancer in 2001, continues to pop up on pandemic playlists during a dark winter that indeed &#8220;seems like years.&#8221; Among his most turned-to works are not only &#8220;Here Comes the Sun&#8221; but also other creations, including multiple tracks from his signature solo album, &#8220;All Things Must Pass.&#8221;</p>
<p><i><a href="https://www.ncronline.org/news/coronavirus/george-harrisons-coronavirus-comeback" target="_blank" rel="noopener">See the article about George Harrison&#8217;s coronavirus comeback, in NCR &#8230;</a> </i></p>
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		<title>Prince&#8217;s &#8216;Welcome 2 America&#8217; Puts Faith and Politics Front and Center</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/princes-welcome-2-america-puts-faith-and-politics-front-and-center/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 11 Sep 2021 17:01:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://williambole.com/?p=1834</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A little over five years ago, the funk-rock icon Prince died, at the age of 57, from an accidental overdose of fentanyl. Much of the music he had been putting out was uneventful, though tickets to his concerts were prized (especially after an unforgettable 2007 Super Bowl halftime show, where he serendipitously performed &#8220;Purple Rain&#8221; <a href="https://williambole.com/princes-welcome-2-america-puts-faith-and-politics-front-and-center/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A little over five years ago, the funk-rock icon Prince died, at the age of 57, from an accidental overdose of fentanyl. Much of the music he had been putting out was uneventful, though tickets to his concerts were prized (especially after an unforgettable 2007 Super Bowl halftime show, where he serendipitously performed &#8220;Purple Rain&#8221; amid a relentless downpour). His studio albums had been uneven for quite some time — which makes the latest posthumous release from Prince&#8217;s estate all the more stunning.</p>
<p>&#8220;Welcome 2 America,&#8221; released on July 30, is the first posthumous album by Prince made up entirely of unreleased material. The 12-song set was retrieved from the singer&#8217;s prodigious (and literal) vault of never-released music. Recorded in 2010, the album delivers some of Prince&#8217;s catchiest music in decades, while exploring big questions. It is an invigorating fusion of multiple genres, but also of two realms that Prince was not particularly known for mixing — faith and politics.</p>
<p><em><a href="https://www.ncronline.org/news/opinion/princes-welcome-2-america-puts-faith-and-politics-front-and-center" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Read my review of “Welcome 2 America,” and why this album, though a decade old, is right on time.</a></em></p>
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		<title>Give Up My White Privileges? Sure. Which Ones?</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/give-up-my-white-privileges-sure-which-ones/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 10 Mar 2021 18:11:52 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://williambole.com/?p=1820</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Shortly after the resurgence of Black Lives Matter, I found myself connecting with friends and acquaintances who seemed prepared to admit that we’ve enjoyed privileges interlinked with race (and age), and that right about now would be a good time to start unhanding these privileges. For the most part, they’re people like me—white baby boomers, <a href="https://williambole.com/give-up-my-white-privileges-sure-which-ones/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Shortly after the resurgence of Black Lives Matter, I found myself connecting with friends and acquaintances who seemed prepared to admit that we’ve enjoyed privileges interlinked with race (and age), and that right about now would be a good time to start unhanding these privileges. For the most part, they’re people like me—white baby boomers, with a skew toward males who attended Catholic schools long ago. The feelings among them are genuine and might well reflect a moment of realization for many Americans, not just white liberals but also others.</p>
<p>Still, there are questions. What privileges are we talking about? And what exactly is it that we’d be giving up?</p>
<p>My friends and interlocutors are speaking of the now-familiar advantages. These include an assurance that I could approach authorities, including the police, and expect a fair hearing; that I could browse aimlessly in shops without clerks monitoring my every movement; that if I move to a new locale, the neighbors won’t eye me with suspicion; and many other privileges of membership in my race.</p>
<p>These are surely advantages (they’re also the more visible ones, catchable on video). But what would it mean for me to no longer have them? Recalcitrant cops aren’t going to start manhandling me just because they’ve decided to go easy on Blacks. My new neighbors wouldn’t look at me warily, by virtue of having lowered their guard against Black newcomers. Shopkeepers won’t start tailing me after they’ve turned their gaze off patrons of color.</p>
<p>In other words, I can lose all of these privileges, at no cost to myself. They’re easy to renounce (if not necessarily change at the social level). Could the same be said for some other advantages, harder to see and therefore acknowledge? I’m thinking mainly of the pecuniary benefits made possible by systemic racism, or what the Latin American liberation theologians call “structures of sin.” Here’s one little corner of a structure: how my whiteness affects my property taxes. It’s something I scarcely thought about until seeing <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/07/02/black-property-tax/">a <em>Washington Post</em> article</a> under the headline, “Black families pay significantly higher property taxes than white families, new analysis shows.”</p>
<p><span id="more-1820"></span></p>
<p>I’d have thought Black homeowners pay <em>less</em> in property taxes than their white counterparts, relative to home prices. That’s because the value of their homes tends to appreciate more slowly, in neighborhoods often viewed as less desirable. So, local tax assessments ought to be lower. In fact, Black families pay more, adjusting for market value—13 percent more than white families, according to <a href="https://context-cdn.washingtonpost.com/notes/prod/default/documents/19fd7c55-911a-448f-a089-d299c773b5fb/note/84507c99-e0be-42bc-8c01-bd105496bebb.#page=1">a new study of 118 million homes nationwide</a> by Indiana University and University of Utah economists. Though the causes are varied, it’s reasonable to conclude that assessors haven’t been particularly worried about overtaxing Black families.</p>
<p>My takeaway: I’ve likely reaped a white-family discount on property taxes, and have done so through 31 years of homeownership, thanks to a heftier burden on Black families. Renouncing this privilege isn’t like giving up an exclusive claim to fair handling by police, which wouldn’t cost me a dime. If Black families pay less in property taxes, white families have to pay more (maintaining the tax base). The solution isn’t free of charge.</p>
<p>And does that even graze the surface of white, middle-class privileges?</p>
<p>According to numerous studies, typical middle-class Black households have barely one-tenth the wealth of their white counterparts. (The pandemic, which has done inordinate harm to Black and Latino workers, won’t make it easier to narrow the gap.) For most Americans, the chief asset is their house, which many Blacks don’t have. Indeed, researchers have traced much of the racial wealth divide to public policies that deliberately excluded Blacks from homeownership.</p>
<p>In his 2017 book <a href="https://www.amazon.com/Color-Law-Forgotten-Government-Segregated/dp/1631492853"><em>The Color of Law</em></a>, Richard Rothstein recounts a hair-raising history. During the post-World War II housing boom, developers who received federal loan guarantees were barred from selling homes to African Americans in places like Levittown, New York. In 1948, those modest single-family houses in Levittown went for around $8,000 each with no money down; today they can sell for up to a half-million dollars. That translates into substantial equity for generations of white families—and a lost bounty for generations of Blacks.</p>
<p>These are structures of sin that haunt us today, bolstering economic inequality and eating away at social solidarity. In light of the injustices, what sorts of public policies are called for? What transfers of wealth would begin to right these wrongs, and from whom should they primarily come? Rothstein lets his mind play over the possibility of the government buying homes in white suburbs—and reselling them to Blacks for the going price in 1950, adjusted for inflation (around $75,000 today for a typical Levittown home). This is offered as a thought experiment, not as a politically feasible measure.</p>
<p>Who’ll decide which privileges are undone and how that’ll happen? The scale of these questions is more than most of us bargained for, when we started counting our white privileges. And yet, where does a serious conversation about the inequities and remedies go, if not in that direction?</p>
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		<title>The Song of Mary</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/the-song-of-mary/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[William Bole]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Mar 2021 20:05:12 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://williambole.com/?p=1765</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The setting is Nazareth, in ancient Palestine. A devout Jew, Mary is a rural peasant — “young, female, a member of a people subjected to economic exploitation by powerful ruling groups,” renowned Catholic theologian Elizabeth A. Johnson writes in her book about Mary, Truly Our Sister. Like other Jewish girls of her class, she’s most <a href="https://williambole.com/the-song-of-mary/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The setting is Nazareth, in ancient Palestine. A devout Jew, Mary is a rural peasant — “young, female, a member of a people subjected to economic exploitation by powerful ruling groups,” renowned Catholic theologian Elizabeth A. Johnson writes in her book about Mary, <em>Truly Our Sister</em>. Like other Jewish girls of her class, she’s most likely illiterate, though she knows the Hebrew Scriptures from oral tradition. Those girls were typically married off at around 13 years old, bearing children soon enough, and there’s no reason to believe Mary was any different. In the New Testament’s Gospel of Luke, she suddenly finds herself pregnant, and Joseph, the carpenter with whom she’s betrothed in an arranged marriage, knows he’s not the father.</p>
<p><em><a href="https://www.wbur.org/cognoscenti/2017/12/25/christmas-carol-william-bole" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">See the article in public radio’s </a></em><a href="https://www.wbur.org/cognoscenti/2017/12/25/christmas-carol-william-bole" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cognoscenti </a><em><a href="https://www.wbur.org/cognoscenti/2017/12/25/christmas-carol-william-bole" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blog …</a></em></p>
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		<title>Thank You, Black Families, for Subsidizing my Property Taxes</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/thank-you-black-families-for-subsidizing-my-property-taxes/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Mar 2021 17:56:35 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Articles]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Race]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://williambole.com/?p=1818</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Here’s something I never thought about: how my whiteness affects my property taxes. My introduction to this question comes by way of a July 2 Washington Post article under the headline, “Black families pay significantly higher property taxes than white families, new analysis shows.” I’d have thought Black homeowners pay less in property taxes than <a href="https://williambole.com/thank-you-black-families-for-subsidizing-my-property-taxes/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Here’s something I never thought about: how my whiteness affects my property taxes. My introduction to this question comes by way of a July 2 <em>Washington Post</em> article under the headline, “<a href="https://context-cdn.washingtonpost.com/notes/prod/default/documents/19fd7c55-911a-448f-a089-d299c773b5fb/note/84507c99-e0be-42bc-8c01-bd105496bebb.#page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Black families pay significantly higher property taxes than white families, new analysis shows</a>.”</p>
<p>I’d have thought Black homeowners pay <em>less</em> in property taxes than their white counterparts, relative to home prices. That’s because the value of their homes tends to appreciate more slowly, in neighborhoods often viewed as less desirable. So, local tax assessments ought to be lower. In fact, Black families pay more, adjusting for market value—13 percent more than white families, according to <a href="https://context-cdn.washingtonpost.com/notes/prod/default/documents/19fd7c55-911a-448f-a089-d299c773b5fb/note/84507c99-e0be-42bc-8c01-bd105496bebb.#page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">a new study of 118 million homes nationwide by Indiana University and University of Utah economists</a>. Though the causes are varied, it’s reasonable to conclude that assessors haven’t been particularly worried about overtaxing Black families.</p>
<p>My takeaway: I’ve likely reaped a white-family discount on property taxes, and have done so through 31 years of homeownership, thanks to a heavier burden on Black families. And does that even graze the surface of white, middle-class privileges? Don’t bet on it.</p>
<p><em>Forthcoming—an opinion piece on what it would mean to really “give up” white privileges.</em></p>
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		<title>Black Bodies Matter</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/black-bodies-matter/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[William Bole]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2020 20:44:33 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Culture]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://williambole.com/?p=1780</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[During an eventful appearance at Boston College a while back, Ta-Nehisi Coates told the story of why he wrote the bestseller Between the World and Me. It is a slim volume—a meditation on what it means to be Black in America, framed as a letter to Coates’s 15-year-old son, Samori. Throughout the long evening, his <a href="https://williambole.com/black-bodies-matter/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>During an eventful appearance at Boston College a while back, Ta-Nehisi Coates told the story of why he wrote the bestseller <em>Between the World and Me</em>. It is a slim volume—a meditation on what it means to be Black in America, framed as a letter to Coates’s 15-year-old son, Samori. Throughout the long evening, his tone was passionate but conversational, with not a whiff of preachiness. <em>“The kind of oppression that black people feel in this country is very, very physical. It’s about people taking possession of your body.”</em></p>
<p><a href="http://bcm.bc.edu/index.html%3Fp=4735.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Go to the Article</a></p>
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		<title>“All You Have is Your Imagination and Your Feeling”</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/all-you-have-is-your-imagination-and-your-feeling/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[William Bole]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2020 20:33:33 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://williambole.com/?p=1776</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[On an early spring day, students had filled a classroom at Boston College and were settling into light chatter when, a little after noon, English professor Elizabeth Graver came briskly into the room, accompanied by a svelte woman dressed in black and wearing a deep-red head wrap. Graver told the class that her guest—British novelist, <a href="https://williambole.com/all-you-have-is-your-imagination-and-your-feeling/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On an early spring day, students had filled a classroom at Boston College and were settling into light chatter when, a little after noon, English professor Elizabeth Graver came briskly into the room, accompanied by a svelte woman dressed in black and wearing a deep-red head wrap. Graver told the class that her guest—British novelist, essayist, and short story writer Zadie Smith—had just arrived from New York, where she is on the faculty of the creative writing program at New York University. Graver added unceremoniously, “Take it away, guys.”</p>
<p><a href="http://bcm.bc.edu/issues/spring_2014/linden_lane/voice-lessons.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Go to the article</a></p>
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		<title>Why Your Neighborhood is Still Segregated</title>
		<link>https://williambole.com/why-your-neighborhood-is-still-segregated/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[William Bole]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2020 20:32:46 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Education]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://williambole.com/?p=1774</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Residential segregation by law ended gradually in America, notably with the 1968 Fair Housing Act; it took Congress another two decades to build enforcement mechanisms into the statute. But Richard Rothstein makes a sobering case that the damage was done—permanently. Today, Black families have barely one-tenth the wealth of their white counterparts. Rothstein says the <a href="https://williambole.com/why-your-neighborhood-is-still-segregated/" rel="nofollow">...read more</a>]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Residential segregation by law ended gradually in America, notably with the 1968 Fair Housing Act; it took Congress another two decades to build enforcement mechanisms into the statute. But Richard Rothstein makes a sobering case that the damage was done—permanently. Today, Black families have barely one-tenth the wealth of their white counterparts. Rothstein says the vast divide is “entirely attributable to unconstitutional federal housing policy practiced in the mid-20th century.”</p>
<p><a href="https://www.bc.edu/bc-web/schools/carroll-school/news/2017/why-your-neighborhood-is-still-segregated--after-all-these-years.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Go to the article</a></p>
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