<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893</id><updated>2024-10-07T09:25:35.490+03:00</updated><category term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><category term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA CARDUELIS CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris"/><category term="Fringillidae carpodaco  PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps picogordo"/><category term="Fringillidae carpodaco MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><category term="Ulmus parvifolia – Ulm chinezesc bonsai tree 盆景設計 copac copacel"/><category term="Beatbox extrem hip hop rap under ground battle vocal q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><category term="Cheloo feat Ombladon - Sau parazitii hip hop rap romania underground real etc q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><category term="Feeding"/><category term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINICOLA BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA flammea spinus chloris"/><category term="STICLETELE  CARDUELIS CARDUELIS balcanica brevirostris britannina loudoni mayor niediecki parva tsuchusii colchicus volgensis"/><category term="Substrate and Watering in Romanian language"/><category term="Zebra australiana pasari bird finch exotice pasarele q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><category term="canari pasari birds alb colivie"/><category term="canari pasari birds alb recesib colivie"/><category term="carpodacus vinaceus carpodacus formosanus bird pasari colivie carduelis loxia sexy money make cage game play music"/><category term="raku - dedicatie speciala (cu Dan Nicolau) hip hop rap underground misto tare ierburi dedicatii acum maine da a q z w s x e d c r f v t g b n h yu j m k i o l p"/><category term="raku ombladon zale parazitii 2011 hip hop rap under ground battle vocal q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><title type='text'>CRF</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default?redirect=false'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default?start-index=26&amp;max-results=25&amp;redirect=false'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>29</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-8211453295853377610</id><published>2012-07-17T22:42:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-07-17T22:42:15.981+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="carpodacus vinaceus carpodacus formosanus bird pasari colivie carduelis loxia sexy money make cage game play music"/><title type='text'>MUGURARUL VINETIU (CARPODACUS VINACEUS)</title><content type='html'>Acest carpodacus are 15 cm si il putem vedea in China,India,Myanmar,Taiwan,Nepal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i40.tinypic.com/nfgt2q.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Are urmatoarele subspecii:&lt;br /&gt;-carpodacus vinaceus (J.Verreaux 1870) care traieste in India,Nepal,China,Myanmar&lt;br /&gt;-carpodacus formosanus (Ogilvie-Grant 1911) care traieste in Taiwan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i43.tinypic.com/33ok6qe.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Masculul
 are culoarea de fond rosu vinetiu(culoarea vinului rosu)iar deasupra 
ochiului o sprinceana de culoare alba.Coada si aripile sint de culoare 
maro inchis.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i42.tinypic.com/ob05me.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Femela are culoarea de fond maro cu striatii negre pe verticala.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i39.tinypic.com/jt87er.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sint
 pasari foarte sociabile.Au un zbor ondulat si poate fi vazut zburind la
 altitudini sub 2000 m,citeodata amestecati cu alte specii.&lt;br /&gt;Femela 
face un cuib din crengute pe care il captuseste cu muschi.Depune 4 oua 
pe care le cloceste 14 zile puii parasind cuibul dupa 3 saptamini.&lt;br /&gt;Masculul nu este un mare cintaret.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i42.tinypic.com/1jq5ud.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se adapteaza foarte usor in captivitate.&lt;br /&gt;Cercetatorii
 ornitologi pentru a reface filogeneza  acestui mugurar au luat mostre 
ADN de la cele doua subspecii iar rezultatele au aratat ca acesti doi 
verisori s-au despartit si au ramas izolati in urma cu 1,7-2 milioane de
 ani.&lt;br /&gt;Facind chiar si comparatii asupra penajului au observat ca exista destule diferente morfologice.&lt;br /&gt;Concluzia
 finala :este foarte posibil ca in viitorul apropiat cele doua subspecii
 sa fie clasificate ca fiind doua specii diferite.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/8211453295853377610/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/mugurarul-vinetiu-carpodacus-vinaceus.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/8211453295853377610'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/8211453295853377610'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/mugurarul-vinetiu-carpodacus-vinaceus.html' title='MUGURARUL VINETIU (CARPODACUS VINACEUS)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://i40.tinypic.com/nfgt2q_th.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-7629022574233415498</id><published>2012-07-08T16:27:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-07-08T16:27:04.072+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodaco  PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps picogordo"/><title type='text'>CARDELLINI MELANICI</title><content type='html'>&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width: 600px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;maintext&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;49%&quot;&gt;Il mio caro amico Luigi Corbetta, di Casatenovo Brianza (Lecco), molto conosciuto non solo come &quot;ibridista&quot;, ma anche come esperto allevatore di uccelli indigeni europei, quest&#39;anno, durante la stagione riproduttiva 1999, ha avuto la fortuna di ottenere dei giovani cardellini melanici.&lt;br /&gt;
Io penso che tale evento sia molto interessante poichè non si tratta di melanismo parziale o di melanismo classico (forte melanizzazione con perdita, quasi sempre, dei pigmenti originari), bensì di melanismo &quot;modulato&quot;, cioè esteso su tutto il piumaggio non in &lt;i&gt;sostituzione&lt;/i&gt; ma in sovrapposizione alla maggior parte dei pigmenti ancestrali. &lt;br /&gt;
I giovani cardellini sono stati generati da una coppia domestica di cardellini europei (Carduelis Carduelis Carduelis) accoppiati tra loro per la prima volta quest&#39;anno. I genitori sono nati entrambi in cattività,  sono muniti di regolare anello inamovibile FOI (Federazione Ornicoltori Italiani) e non hanno alcun tipo di parentela tra loro. L&#39;età del maschio è di due anni, quella della femmina è di un anno, quest&#39;ultima alla prima esperienza riproduttiva. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;imagecaption&quot;&gt;
Foto 2 - Cardellino melanico di sesso maschile&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;img align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carduelis.xoom.it/MYA/image4s3c_ss.jpg&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; /&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;MIDDLE&quot; width=&quot;4%&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;td class=&quot;maintext&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;49%&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;img align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carduelis.xoom.it/MYA/image2s3c_ss.jpg&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; /&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;imagecaption&quot;&gt;
Foto 1 - Coppia di Cardellini melanici (maschio a sinistra e femmina a destra)&lt;/div&gt;
Entrambi i genitori godevano e godono tuttora di ottima salute e non riportano alcun segno tangibile di eventuali anomalie. Infatti, da un&#39;attenta osservazione, sia nel corso di tutta la stagione riproduttiva che durante il periodo della muta, non è stata riscontrata in loro alcuna alterazione  o anormalità, sia a livello del piumaggio che a livello comportamentale, metabolico o motorio.&lt;br /&gt;Anche per quanto riguarda l&#39;aspetto alimentare ed ambientale non sussistono particolarità, infatti hanno ricevuto lo stesso regime alimentare di altri riproduttori ed erano alloggiati nello stesso ambiente, adiacenti ad altre coppie di verdoni, di organetti, di lucherini e di altri uccelli i quali hanno prodotto novelli &lt;i&gt;normali&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
Tale coppia di riproduttori ha effettuato due covate: una ad inizio Maggio ed una a fine Giugno.&lt;br /&gt;Tutte quattro le uova deposte alla prima covata sono risultate infeconde.&lt;br /&gt;Alla seconda covata, su quattro uova deposte, sono nati tre piccoli, i quali, alla nascita, presentavano la pelle scura (nerastra) ed il piumino nero.&lt;br /&gt;Tali soggetti sono stati allevati da entrambi i genitori in modo regolare senza che si evidenziassero problemi, la crescita è stata regolare, tutte le parti del corpo si sono sviluppate in modo armonico, ma, purtroppo, uno di loro è stato gettato dal nido dopo che era stato anellato, ovvero munito di anello inamovibile. &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width: 600px;&quot;&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;maintext&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;49%&quot;&gt;I due soggetti superstiti sono stati allevati normalmente ed hanno raggiunto felicemente l&#39;indipendenza senza alcun problema. &lt;br /&gt;
Il melanismo, che già si intuiva alla nascita, si è manifestato in modo evidente a circa una settimana di vita con la comparsa delle prime piume nere, in particolare sulla testa di entrambi e sul petto di uno dei due soggetti, il maschio (vedi foto 2 e 3). &lt;br /&gt;
La muta successiva ha accentuato l&#39;intesità del pigmento nero, il quale (come documentato dalle foto) è presente su quasi tutto il piumaggio, in particolare nel soggetto di sesso maschile, infatti, al termine della muta, si sono rivelati un maschio ed una femmina. &lt;br /&gt;
Il soggetto di sesso maschile presenta il nero diffuso su quasi tutto il corpo, la testa,  il petto sono quasi completamente neri, le ali sono nere con banda alare gialla e perlature bianco grigiastro, la maschera rossa ed il bianco della testa sono stati rimpiazzati, quasi completamente, dal nero,  solo il rosso della maschera è presente in modo molto limitato e localizzato sotto gli occhi e nella parte laterale del mento, il dorso è color bruno molto scuro, così come la parte laterale del petto e la zona ascellare, il codione è nero, la coda è nera con copritrici biancastre, il ventre è bianco con soffusioni grigistre, il sottopiuma è nero, il becco è color carnicino con la punta nera, le zampe sono color carnicino con evidente patina scura. &lt;br /&gt;
Il soggetto di sesso femminile presenta il nero meno intenso e meno diffuso rispetto al fratello, la testa è completamente nera, il dorso e il petto sono color bruno scuro, le ali sono nere con banda alare gialla e perlatura bianco grigiastro, il rosso della maschera è stato rimpiazzato, quasi completamente, dal nero, rimagono leggere tracce di rosso localizzate sopra gli occhi e nella parte laterale del mento, altre soffusioni di bianco grigiastro sono rimaste a livello delle guance e nella zona sottostante la calotta, il dorso, il petto ed i fianchi sono bruno scuro, il codione è bruno grigiastro, la coda è nera con estremità e copritrici biancastre, il ventre è biancastro, il sottopiuma è nero, il becco è color carnicino con la punta nera, le zampe sono color carnicino con evidente patina scura. &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td valign=&quot;MIDDLE&quot; width=&quot;4%&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;  &lt;td class=&quot;maintext&quot; valign=&quot;TOP&quot; width=&quot;49%&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;img align=&quot;middle&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://carduelis.xoom.it/MYA/image18s3c_ss.jpg&quot; valign=&quot;top&quot; /&gt; &lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;imagecaption&quot;&gt;
Foto 3 - Cardellino melanico di sesso maschile&lt;/div&gt;
Dalla specificità dei dati oggettivi, ovvero: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;melanismo presente sin dalla nascita: pelle scura e piumino nero; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;nessun disturbo di accrescimento (crescita regolare); &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;nessun disturbo di tipo nervoso (comportamento calmo ed equilibrato); &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;nessun disturbo durante la muta, anzi muta estremamente regolare con accentuazione del melanismo, &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;possiedono una buona robustezza fisica (nettamente superiore rispetto al tipo normale); &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
si tratta di &lt;i&gt;melanismo anormale&lt;/i&gt; con modificazione genetica (mutazione) e quindi trasmissibile alla prole? oppure è da ritenersi &lt;i&gt;melanismo normale&lt;/i&gt;, ovvero una semplice aberrazione del piumaggio non trasmissibile alla prole?&lt;br /&gt;
In entrambi i casi l&#39;ulteriore indagine diventa estremamente interessante ed eccitante.&lt;br /&gt;
Al fine di approfondire la questione, ho consultato diversi libri ed ho avuto la conferma che la maggior parte della letteratura in materia descrive il melanismo come una aberrazione di tipo non ereditario legata a problemi endocrini o metabolici (disturbi di tipo alimentare dovuti ad una alimentazione contenente, per esempio, dosi eccessive di semi di canapa o tarme della farina  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/7629022574233415498/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/cardellini-melanici.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/7629022574233415498'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/7629022574233415498'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/cardellini-melanici.html' title='CARDELLINI MELANICI'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-4707061476896191146</id><published>2012-07-08T16:26:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-07-08T16:26:44.391+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="canari pasari birds alb colivie"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINICOLA BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA flammea spinus chloris"/><title type='text'>STANDARDUL CANARILOR DE CULOARE</title><content type='html'>&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.pbase.com/mariusnistor/image/116331571/original.jpg&quot; onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.pbase.com/mariusnistor/image/116331571/original.jpg&quot; style=&quot;cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 263px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 700px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Canarii de culoare se impart in doua grupe principale:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;1. Lipocromi&lt;br /&gt;2. Melaninici&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Canarii Lipocromi&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In  aceasta grupa intra toate pasarile care nu prezinta nici o forma de  melanina. Exista 2 culori de fond galben si rosu. Acestea se pot combina  sau nu cu factorul  ivoire sau mosaic. Albul este o pasare fara culoare  si va fi tratat ca fond alb.&lt;br /&gt;
In aceasta grupa se disting urmatoarele varietati:&lt;br /&gt;
• Alb: dominant si recesiv&lt;br /&gt;
• Galben: neintensiv(brumat sau spumos), intensiv, ivoire (intensiv si neintensiv) si mozaic&lt;br /&gt;
• Rosu: neintensiv(brumat sau spumos), intensiv, ivoire (intensiv si neintensiv) si mozaic&lt;br /&gt;
Exemplarele “ino sau satinet” au ochii rosii si un aspect lipocrom.&lt;br /&gt;
In acest caz, in care nu apare nici o forma de melanina vor fi arbitarti ca si lipocromi si vom avea:&lt;br /&gt;
• Albino: pentru culoarea de fond alba;&lt;br /&gt;
• Lutino: pentru culoarea galbena si&lt;br /&gt;
• Rubin: pentru culoarea rosie&lt;br /&gt;
Acestea 2 din urma se pot combina sau nu cu factorul  ivoire sau mozaic. Ochii trebuie sa fie de un rosu intens.&lt;br /&gt;
Datorita  absentei unor enzime, nici o forma de melanina nu este vizibila. Cu  toate acestea, pasarile pastreaza caracterul ereditar de negru, brun,  agat sau izabel.&lt;br /&gt;
Indiferent de culoarea de fond aceasta trebuie sa  fie bogata si profunda. In cazul albilor dominant este permisa o urma de  culoare galbena la nivelul remigelor. Albul trebuie sa fie impecabil.&lt;br /&gt;
La  lipocromii mozaic, aceleasi norme sunt valabile, dar la acestea se  adauga paternul mozaic. Un patern perfect este o exigenta care trebuie  urmarita, mozaicul fiind un canar al contrastelor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;Atentie! Fara urme de melanina, nici macar la nivelul ciocului si picioarelor. Ciocul si picioarele sunt deschise la culoare.&lt;br /&gt;Este permisa colorarea artificial, dar aceasta trebuie sa fie uniforma!&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/4707061476896191146/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/standardul-canarilor-de-culoare.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/4707061476896191146'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/4707061476896191146'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/standardul-canarilor-de-culoare.html' title='STANDARDUL CANARILOR DE CULOARE'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-864012246041716415</id><published>2012-07-08T16:24:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-07-08T16:24:42.221+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodaco  PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps picogordo"/><title type='text'>Botgrosul cu aripi albe</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;content clearfix&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
Botgrosul cu 
aripi albe este fara indoiala botgrosul care maninca foarte multe 
seminte de conifere.Il putem intilni in zonele muntoase din Asia 
Centrala in zonele cu ienupar dar si in padurile mixte de ienupar si 
brazi.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i56.tinypic.com/2ij5i75.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Are urmatoarele subspecii:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: darkred;&quot;&gt;Mycerobas carnipes carnipes&lt;/span&gt; (Hodgson, 1836) traieste in E si S-E Kazakistan,S-V Azbekistan,N-E Afganistan,S Mongolia ,N-E India.,N Myramar,N Pakistan.   &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: darkred;&quot;&gt;Mycerobas carnipes merzbacheri &lt;/span&gt;(Schalow, 1908)    &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: darkred;&quot;&gt;Mycerobas carnipes speculigerus &lt;/span&gt;(Brandt, 1841)  traieste in N-E Iran,Turkmenistan,Afganistan,Pakistan. &lt;br /&gt;In general sint mai putin timizi decit botgrosii europeni.&lt;br /&gt;Are 22-23cm si 56-62g.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i52.tinypic.com/24dlqae.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Masculul
 are capul,pieptul,gitul si partea superioara a corpului de culoare 
negru lucios iar partea de deasupra cozii de culoare galben 
mustar.Aripile sint negre cu galben avind o fasa alba care este vizibila
 chiar si in zbor.Coada este foarte lunga in comparatie cu ceilalti 
botgrosi .Abdomenul variaza de la galben -mustar spre un galben de 
culoarea luminarii.Picioarele sint de un dri deschis iar ciocul are 
culoarea carnii.&lt;br /&gt;La femela si pui negrul lucios vine inlocuit cu un gri argintiu.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i55.tinypic.com/2gvodfk.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Nidifica
 la inaltimi de 3000-3600m iar in Nepal ajunge chiar si la 4200m.In 
Himalaya nidifica in iunie-august iar in Nepal august-septembrie.&lt;br /&gt;Femela
 construieste de obicei un cuib din ramurele,iarba uscata,muschi si 
frunze uscate captusind interiorul cu coji subtiri de copac de obicei 
intr-un ienupar la inaltimea de 2m si citeodata in brad sau alti copaci 
la inaltimea de 20m.&lt;br /&gt;Femela depune 3 oua pe care le cloceste 15-16 zile. Puii parasesc cuibul dupa 20 de zile de viata.&lt;br /&gt;Iarna
 coboara pina la 2700 m uneori si pina la 1500m.Stau in pereche sau in 
mici grupuri dar ajung sa formeze stoluri de 50 de indivizi 
amestecindu-se cu Carpodacus Rhodochiamys.&lt;br /&gt;Sint cunoscuti ca fiind pasari foarte zgomotoase atunci cind maninca seminte de conifere sau fructe de padure.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;http://i55.tinypic.com/35btgkj.jpg&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://clubulromandefringil.forumgratuit.ro/t130-botgrosul-cu-aripi-albe-mycerobas-carnipes#top&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Sus&quot; class=&quot;sprite-arrow_subsilver_up&quot; src=&quot;http://illiweb.com/fa/empty.gif&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/864012246041716415/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/botgrosul-cu-aripi-albe.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/864012246041716415'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/864012246041716415'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/botgrosul-cu-aripi-albe.html' title='Botgrosul cu aripi albe'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://i56.tinypic.com/2ij5i75_th.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-3935959536147548869</id><published>2012-07-08T16:15:00.000+03:00</published><updated>2012-07-08T16:15:00.283+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Feeding"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Substrate and Watering in Romanian language"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ulmus parvifolia – Ulm chinezesc bonsai tree 盆景設計 copac copacel"/><title type='text'>Feeding, Substrate and Watering in Romanian language</title><content type='html'>&lt;h3 class=&quot;post-title entry-title&quot; itemprop=&quot;name&quot;&gt;


&lt;a href=&quot;http://walterpallbonsaiarticles.blogspot.ro/2011/05/feeding-substrate-and-watering-in.html&quot;&gt;Feeding, Substrate and Watering in Romanian language&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;post-header&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
Translated by Ovidiu Mihaescu. Thank you.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Din nou despre fertilizare&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Am scris mail-ul asta unui prieten si cred ca poate fi in interesul 
multora. Acest prieten m-a intrebat de ce as fertiliza mai mult decat o 
fac altii.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fertilizarilele dupa rutini recomandate sunt dedicate plantelor normale.
 Aceste plante cresc in sol care contine deja nutrienti. Cresterile 
asteptate in cazul plantelor normale nu sunt foarte mari (Ex: plantele 
de casa).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bonsaii sunt plantati in substrate cu drenaj ridicat si trebuie udati 
agresiv. Astfel mineralele sunt eliminate odata cu apa prin gaurile de 
scurgere. In perioada de formare, bonsaii ar trebui sa creasca mai mult 
decat plantele obisnuite. 99% din bonsai sunt in perioada de formare. 
Numai avand cresteri mari, putem grabi procesul de formare al lor. Ei 
trebuie sa creasca mult pentru a putea fi redusi de cateva ori pe 
perioada unei singure veri.&lt;br /&gt;
Eu folosesc de trei ori doza recomandata de fertilizator. Folosesc 
fertilizator obisnuit, ieftin destinat plantelor obisnuite. Acesta este 
in general 10-10-10 sau 20-10-10 sau ceva apropiat. Regula de baza este:
 “cat mai mult azot”. Fertilizez la fiecare 10-14 zile pe toata perioada
 de crestere. Comparativ cu crescatorul de bonsai obisnuit fertilizez de
 20 pana la 60 (saizeci) de ori mai mult.&lt;br /&gt;
Copacii mei arata foarte bine si cresc mult mai mult decat in alte 
gradini. De aceea trebuie sa-I tai mai des si mai mult. Cred ca acest 
lucru este bun pentru ca astfel formarea lor are loc mai rapid. Copacii 
meu nu au daunatori pentru ca sistemul lor imunitar este foarte 
puternic. Pana acum sistemul meu de fertilizare nu le-a daunat 
niciodata. &lt;br /&gt;
Cred ca in America, in ultimii 15 ani, majoritatea crescatorilor de 
bonsai au optat pentru un substrat modern dar inca fertilizeaza si uda 
dupa metode clasice care era correct in cazul substratului clasic. Ca 
rezultat regasim multi copaci care sufera datorita cantitatilor reduse 
de apa si nutrienti. Nimeni nu le-a spus oamenilor ca odata cu 
schimbarea substratului, trebuie schimbate RADICAL manierele de udare si
 fertilizare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sper sa va fie de ajutor&lt;br /&gt;
Walter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fertilizarea, Substratul si Udarea&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Metodele lui Walter Pall&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Am fost rugat sa scriu un paragraf despre “fertilizarea coniferelor”. 
Asa ca m-am pus pe treaba si a reiesit ceea ce urmeaza. Doar ca, daca 
raspundem pe scurt intrebarii “Cum fertilizam coniferele?” s-ar putea sa
 ne inselam atat de mult incat sa ajungem la pierderi importante.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Substratul, udarea si fertilizarea nu pot fi privite separat. Fiecare 
este conectata de cealalta iar lucrurile devin astfel complicate. Fie el
 un copacel cu frunza cazatoare, conifer, tanar sau batran, replantat 
recent sau chiar colectat, el face parte dintr-o gradina de bonsai cu 
atat de multe variabile. Poate fi dat un raspuns scurt si concis?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ei bine, da. Doar ca trebuie sa citesti cu atentie si apoi sa faci TOTUL
 LA FEL. Nu poti alege una din variabile si sa o ignori pe cealalta. Nu 
poti fertiliza dupa metoda mea si sa ignori ce substrat folosesti sau ce
  regim de udare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In primul rand am lasat deoparte tot ce a fost scris in majoritatea 
textelor despre bonsai. Multumita tehnologiei care ne da acces la 
produse si metode noi, felul in care avem grija de copaci a progresat cu
 mult peste frontierele traditiei. Unii dintre noi refuza sa realizeze 
ca traim de ceva timp intr-o lume noua si moderna. Metodele vechi pot 
fi, intr-o mica masura, folosite cu succes in cazul practicilor si 
substratelor moderne dar riscul ridicat poate duce uneori la pierderea 
copaceilor.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Substratul: Un substrat bun trebuie sa fie: de granulatie uniforma, sa 
absoarba si sa cedeze apa in egala masura, sa nu contina particule fine 
de material organic, nu trebuie sa fie subiectul dezagregarii mecanice 
(sa nu se descompuna usor), in stare uscata sa prezinte o greutate mica,
 sa fie ieftin si sa fie estetic. Substratul modern ar trebui sa fie tuf
 vulcanic, piatra ponce, argila arsa granulata, zgura, zeolit, bucati de
 nuca de cocos, coaja de copac, polistiren extrudat si alte cateva pe 
care le puteti gasi singuri odata ce ati inteles principiile. Nota: se 
poate ca unele din materialele enumerate sa nu fie disponibile in zona 
in care va aflati.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Akadama este un substrat care se descompune mai ales atunci cand este 
expus inghetului ceea ce il face un substrat mai putin dorit. Ca urmare 
el poate bloca circulatia apei si a aerului in zona radacinilor si deci 
se poate ajunge la pierderea copacului ami ales in cazul celor 
replantati mai rar, al coniferelor sau al copacilor batrani in general.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Solul obisnuit, compostul, roca granulata, nisipul etc sut medii nu 
tocmai recomandate in cultura bonsailor chiar daca in realitate copacii 
cresc in astfel de substraturi.&lt;br /&gt;
Toate substraturile pot fi mixate dupa bunul plac al userului si ele pot
 chiar fi refolosite atata timp cat sunt curatate si trecute prin sita.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nu exista un “mediu ideal” pentru bonsai. Mai degraba exista mii de 
astfel de medii. Eu cred ca NU CONTEAZA CE FOLOSESTI SI IN CE CANTITATI 
atata timp cat este un substrat modern.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In substartul modern nu exista pamant sau sol obisnuit si deci nu 
contine culturi bacteriale. Ele necesita udari repetate pe parcursul 
unei singure zile in special vara si mai ales atunci cand ati folosit 
numai materiale anorganice. De aceea eu adaug turba granulata la 
compozitia mentionata. Aceasta turba este exploatata in mlastini si o 
gasim comercializata la o granulatie mare. Verifica si nu folosi 
particule fine de turba/muschi sphagnum chiar daca pe pachet scrie ca nu
 contine astfel de particule. Daca nu gasesti produsul adecvat  
foloseste bucati mici de scoarta de copac sau fibre de nuca de cocos. 
Aceste componente organice ar trebui sa insumeze 15-20% din totalul de 
volum al substratului, ceva mai putin in cazul coniferelor, maslini etc 
si ceva mai mult in cazul azalleei, sau a copaceilor mici.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Partile acestea organice ridica nivelul umiditatii in substrat si ajuta 
la formarea culturilor bacteriale folositoare. Cercetarile au dus la 
concluzia ca turba contine hormoni foarte utili copaceilor. Materialele 
organice in mod normal nu ar trebui regasite in substratele moderne dar 
cele mentionate mai sus au nevoie de cinci ani pentru a se descompune. 
Acest lucru trebuie luat in calcul atunci cand programati replantarile. 
La reciclarea substratului, materialele organice trebuiesc obligatoriu 
eliminate prin cernere.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Udarea: Eu am program ZILNIC de udare si el dureaza de la sfarsitul lui 
martie pana la mijlocul lui octombrie. Acest lucru se intampla oricum, 
chiar daca copacelul pare a fi uscat sau nu. Numai atunci cand ploua 
abundent opresc rutina udarilor. Atunci cand este cald, sau vant 
puternic, sau ambele, ud de doua-trei ori pe zi. Copaceii foarte mici 
trebuiesc udati de doua ori pe zi. Toti copacii (indiferent de specie) 
sunt udati la fel. Nu este nevoie de un program de udare individual 
atunci cand toti copacii sunt plantati intr-un substrat cu drenaj foarte
 bun. De aceea nu este nevoie sa-i faci ‘training’ unui prieten pentru a
 uda copacii cat timp esti in vacanta. Orice persoana poate uda copacii 
atata timp cat aceasta este facuta abundent. Nu conteaza nici ce apa 
folosesti. Apa de la robinet este foarte buna indiferent de duritaea ei.
 Apa pe care o folosesc e una dintre cele mai dure din Europa si o 
folosesc la toate speciile inclusiv azaleea. Ud copacii cu furtunul de 
gradina cu presiunea la maxim. Nu ud copaci individual ci zone de 
gradina asa cum ai face-o cu un sistem simplu de irigare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cand uzi in acest fel, fa-o agresiv. Aceasta inseamna ca totul este ud, 
tot copacul de sus pana jos. Este foarte bine pentru copaci daca coroana
 le este udata zilnic.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Daca folositi substratul modern, udarea excesiva este aproape 
imposibila. Poti uda ore intregi pentru ca apa va trece cu usurinta prin
 substratul cu drenaj foarte bun si va parasi vasul prin gaurile de 
scurgere. Este in schimb foarte usor sa udam prea putin daca folosim 
metoda clasica de udare. Multi bonsai mor din aceasta cauza.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fertilizarea: In cazul udarii agresive si folosirii substratului modern,
 fertilizarea nu mai este un secret. Orice fertilizator folosit pentru 
plante obisnuite poate fi folosit indiferent ca este organic sau chimic.
 Fertilizatorii ar trebui sa aiba FOARTE MULT azot. Plantele cresc numai
 daca au la dispozitie azot. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Eu folosesc in principal fertilizator lichid pe care il achizitionez de 
la cel mai ieftin magazin de pe piata. In America acesta ar fi Walmart. 
Foloseste cel care este adresat tuturor plantelor. Aditional folosesc 
fertilizator granular care au un continut principal chimic si partial 
organic. De doua ori pe an (la inceputul lui mai si sfarsitul lui 
august) mai arunc o mana de ingrasamant natural de pasare (gaina). 
Asta-i tot! Pentru toti copacii mei inclusiv cei de renume modiala 
folosesc acelasi fertilizatori.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cat folosesc? MULT MAI MULT DECAT CREZI! Folosesc de 20 pana la 60 de 
ori cantitatea folosita de crescatorul obisnuit de bonsai. De la 
inceputul lui aprilie pana la mijlocul lui octombrie, la fiecare 10 zile
 toti copacii sunt fertilizati cu fertilizator lichid, folosind de 
trei-patru ori cantitatea recomandata. Toti copacii sunt fertilizati in 
acest fel, fie ca sunt mici, mari, conifere, foioase, replantat sau 
colectat. Pe perioada de 200 zile amintita copacii primesc de trei ori 
doza recomandata in circa 20 de aplicari ceea ce ne duce la 60 de doze 
pe un ciclu de crestere. Unii crescatori de bonsai aplica fertilizatori 
de trei pana la cinci ori la jumatate din concentratia recomandata, 
pentru ca bonsaii “nu trebuie sa creasca”. Daca consideram fertilizarea 
de doua ori pe an cu fertilizatori solizi (ingrasamant natural de 
pasare) se subintelege de ce prin metoda mea se aplica de 20 pana 60 de 
ori mai mult fertilizator decat cantitatea folosita de crescatorul 
obisnuit de bonsai.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Batoanele asiatice de fertilizatori sunt “putin cam mult” pentru cultura
 noastra. Cum nu  mancam friptura cu betisoarele asa nu trebuie sa 
hranim plantele cu batoane. Sigur este alegerea ta daca vrei sa le 
folosesti, doar ca… nu sunt foarte atractive. Biogold (fertilizator 
solid) a fost creat sa fie folosit cu substraturi moderne precum akadama
 si e unul foarte bun. Daca mi-l dai mie il voi rupe in bucati mici si-l
 voi presara pe suprafata substratului. El va disparea dupa doar o 
udare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Acumularea de saruri in substrat este aproape imposibila daca udarea 
este zilnica si agresiva. Chiar si azaleea o duce bine cu tratamentul 
asta. Ele cresc foarte bine, chiar cu apa de duritate mare, argila arsa 
granulata combinata cu turba si fertilizarea agresiva. In urma cu 10 ani
 a aparut “supra fertilizarea” dar dupa scurt timp toata lumea a uitat 
de ea. Rezultatele nu au fost cele asteptate iar multi copaci au avut de
 suferit si chiar au murit. Ce fac eu suna asemanator doar ca eu insist 
asupra udarilor agresive in paralel cu fertilizari agresive si folosirea
 de substrat modern. Si nici nu fac din ingredientele din fertilizatori o
 stiinta secreta. Iti spun sa cumperi orice gasesti la reduceri la 
“garden centre” sau la furnizorul tau agricol.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Aceasta schema de fertilizare este pentru copacii aflati in “formare”. 
99.8% dintre bonsai sunt in aceasta etapa. Daca consideri ca ai un copac
 care a ajuns la un maxim de dezvoltare atunci ar trebui sa reduci 
considerabil procesul de fertilizare. Lasa-l fara nutrienti si va deveni
 pipernicit, cu din ce in ce mai putine frunze sau ace. Pentru o 
perioada va arata bine pentru show-uri, dupa care isi va pierde din 
estetica, iar dupa cativa ani vei fi nevoit sa il fertilizezi agresiv 
pentru a-l recupera.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sumar: Fa totul sau nimic! Nu ai de ales. Alege una din cele spuse, 
ignora-le pe celellate doua si totul se va sfarsi intr-un dezastru. Cei 
care suprafertilizeaza dupa metoda clasica cu sol fara drenaj bun si 
fara a uda agresiv vor sfarsi prin a distruge unii copaci. Cei care vor 
folosi substrat modern, udare agresiva dar vor fertiliza dupa metoda 
clasica vor avea copaci foarte slab dezvoltati care in final vor muri. 
Cam asta-i tot.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Deci la intrebarea: “Cum fertilizez coniferele?” Raspunsul este: “La fel
 ca pe toti ceilalti copaci doar ca trebuie sa citesti tot articolul.”&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Stiu ca multi nu vor crede asta: “Cel care vindeca are dreptate” se 
spune in lumea medicinei. In cea a gradinaritului: “Cel care are cei mai
 sanatosi copaci are dreptate” Vino sa-mi vizitezi gradina sau arunca o 
privire la galeria mea, ele vin in sprijinul celor spuse de mine.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Toate aceste nu au fost inventate de mine. Am invatat de la gradinari 
moderni profesionisti care fac asta cu succes de decenii. Am adaptat 
horticultura moderna la bonsai. Doar ca in lumea bonsai toate astea par 
revolutionare.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Walter Pall</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/3935959536147548869/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/feeding-substrate-and-watering-in.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3935959536147548869'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3935959536147548869'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2012/07/feeding-substrate-and-watering-in.html' title='Feeding, Substrate and Watering in Romanian language'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-3817325236045818221</id><published>2011-11-17T21:42:00.000+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-17T21:42:07.964+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Ulmus parvifolia – Ulm chinezesc bonsai tree 盆景設計 copac copacel"/><title type='text'>Ulmus parvifolia – Ulm chinezesc</title><content type='html'>&lt;h1&gt;Informatii generale&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;wp-caption aligncenter&quot; id=&quot;attachment_248&quot; style=&quot;width: 160px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;fancybox&quot; href=&quot;http://bonsaiclub.ro/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/UlmusParvifloraC29.jpg&quot; rel=&quot;gallery&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Ulm chinezesc sub forma de bonsai&quot; class=&quot;size-thumbnail wp-image-248&quot; height=&quot;238&quot; src=&quot;http://bonsaiclub.ro/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/UlmusParvifloraC29-150x112.jpg&quot; title=&quot;Ulm chinezesc sub forma de bonsai&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;wp-caption-text&quot;&gt;Ulm chinezesc sub forma de bonsai&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Specie  cu crestere rapida, cu foliaj caduc sau mereu verde in functie de unde  este pozitionat. Recomandat incepatorilor. Face parte din familia  Ulmaceelor. Are frunze alternate, ovale si dublu serate, iar scoarta  este gri si neteda. Originar din centrul Chinei. Ramificatie bogata.  Inflorirea este tardiva (septembrie) si poate rezulta in mici seminte.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Inmultirea&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prin seminte:&lt;/strong&gt; primavara dupa o stratificare de trei saptamani a semintelor&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Prin marcotaj aerian:&lt;/strong&gt; in iunie. Inradacineaza relativ usor. Folositi un&amp;nbsp;amestec drenant.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Prin butasi:&lt;/strong&gt;  la sfarsitul primaverii, plantati intr-un amestec de 2/3 turba&amp;nbsp;si 1/3  pietris dupa ce i-ati dat cu hormoni de inradacinare. Plasati-i la  lumina si caldura.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Lumina&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Preferabil in lumina directa. Poate creste si in lumina indirecta, insa exista riscul ingalbenirii frunzelor.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt; Temperaturi&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Daca  este tinut ca bonsai de exterior, temperaturile suportate sunt intre  -10°C si 30°C, daca sta in interior, intre 15°C si maxim 28°C. Daca se  ierneaza se recomanda a fi protejat cu ajutorul paielor. Se recomanda  iernarea anuala deoarece&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;va creste mult mai viguros.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Curenti de aer&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Evitati locurile unde bate vantul incontinuu.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Udarea&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Necesita multa apa, daca este lasat sa se usuce, isi va pierde frunzele.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Fertilizarea&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pentru a pastra frunzele mici, nu se va fertiliza decat la sfarsitul primaverii si la inceputul toamnei.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Tunderea&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;La  sfarsitul lui februarie puteti taia ramurile foarte scurt. Taiati  deasupra unui nod pentru a favoriza ramificarea. Lucrarile de  intretinere se pot face pe perioada vegetativa. Defolierea nu este  necesara.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Legarea&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Legarea  este foarte dificila din cauza ramurilor subtiri si dese, singura  metoda viabila este tourniquet. Daca exista ramuri groase, se pot lega  normal.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Schimbarea pamantului&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;Reactioneaza bine la schimbarea pamantului. Se recomanda un sol de 50% turba, 30% pietris si&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;line-height: normal;&quot;&gt;20% tuf vulcanic.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Boli si daunatori&lt;/h1&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Gandaci si viermi de scoarta, paianjeni rosii, paduchi. Foarte rar intalniti.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;h1&gt;Vasul&lt;/h1&gt;Alegeti  un vas mai profund pentru a stimula dezvoltarea sanatoasa a  radacinilor. Tentele de albastru, verde, bej se potrivesc foarte bine.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/3817325236045818221/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/ulmus-parvifolia-ulm-chinezesc.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3817325236045818221'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3817325236045818221'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/ulmus-parvifolia-ulm-chinezesc.html' title='Ulmus parvifolia – Ulm chinezesc'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-1925624267861881981</id><published>2011-11-13T17:19:00.000+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-13T17:19:02.931+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodaco  PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps picogordo"/><title type='text'>Picogordo - Coccothraustes coccothraustes</title><content type='html'>&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;Coccothraustes coccothraustes&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (Linnaeus, 1758) Hawfinch&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-itis_0-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-itis-0&quot;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; es el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_cient%C3%ADfico&quot; title=&quot;Nombre científico&quot;&gt;nombre científico&lt;/a&gt; usado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoolog%C3%ADa&quot; title=&quot;Zoología&quot;&gt;zoología&lt;/a&gt; para referirse al comúnmente llamado &lt;b&gt;picogordo&lt;/b&gt;, siendo este una &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especie&quot; title=&quot;Especie&quot;&gt;especie&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aves&quot; title=&quot;Aves&quot;&gt;ave&lt;/a&gt; del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_%28biolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Género (biología)&quot;&gt;género&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes&quot;&gt;Coccothraustes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; dentro de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familia_%28biolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Familia (biología)&quot;&gt;familia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringillidae&quot; title=&quot;Fringillidae&quot;&gt;Fringillidae&lt;/a&gt;. Sigiloso y difícil de observar, es uno de los mayores, más robustos y compactos &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringillidae&quot; title=&quot;Fringillidae&quot;&gt;fringílidos&lt;/a&gt;.  De color pardo anaranjado, posee un característico &quot;antifaz&quot; negro, y  unas alas de heterogéneo y oscuro colorido donde sobresale una franja  blanca y el color azulón de las puntas. Vive en bosques &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caducifolio&quot; title=&quot;Caducifolio&quot;&gt;caducifolios&lt;/a&gt;, donde se alimenta principalmente de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semilla&quot; title=&quot;Semilla&quot;&gt;semillas&lt;/a&gt; duras que abre con su potente pico. Se distribuye por el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale%C3%A1rtico&quot; title=&quot;Paleártico&quot;&gt;paleártico&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&quot; title=&quot;Carlos Linneo&quot;&gt;Carlos Linneo&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1758&quot; title=&quot;1758&quot;&gt;1758&lt;/a&gt; fue el primero en describir a esta especie para la ciencia.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-aa_1-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-aa-1&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; La especie posee seis subespecies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Descripci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Descripción&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;El picogordo presenta una longitud que oscila entre los 16&#39;5 y 18 &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cent%C3%ADmetro&quot; title=&quot;Centímetro&quot;&gt;centímetros&lt;/a&gt;,  mientras que las medidas de envergadura alar van desde los 29 a los 33  centímetros. El peso corporal de esta especie está entre los 48 y 62 &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramo&quot; title=&quot;Gramo&quot;&gt;gramos&lt;/a&gt; aproximadamente.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Las hembras por lo general presentan las menores medidas, y por tanto tienen menor tamaño y peso que los machos.&lt;br /&gt;
En cuanto a su fisionomía, se describe como un fringílido típico, de  figura robusta, grueso cuello, grande cabeza redonda y un ancho, fuerte y  cónico pico de aspecto metálico del cual le viene su &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_vulgar&quot; title=&quot;Nombre vulgar&quot;&gt;nombre vulgar&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;i&gt;picogordo&lt;/i&gt;). Sus patas son cortas de color rosáceo en tono claro y su cola también muy corta.&lt;br /&gt;
Sus ojos son de color marrón, pero para entrar en más detalles hay que remontarse a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957&quot; title=&quot;1957&quot;&gt;1957&lt;/a&gt;, año en el que &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guy_Mountfort&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt;  observa e indica que tras manejar al picogordo para su anillado y por  tanto en estado de excitación, los ojos de este se vuelven de un intenso  color chocolate rojizo. Además, también apuntará que inmediatamente  después de muertos, el color de sus ojos es blanco, y que examinados a  la luz del sol podrían definirse como rosa ámbar.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
En cuanto a su &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumaje&quot; title=&quot;Plumaje&quot;&gt;plumaje&lt;/a&gt;  cabe destacar que es mucho más llamativo el macho que la hembra (más  pálida en tonos), presentando este un bello colorido destacando sus alas  y cabeza. A grandes rasgos, el color general de su plumaje es el pardo,  siendo la cabeza de un tono más anaranjado, al igual que la cara aunque  de un tono más claro, estando rodeados los ojos por un fino borde negro  intenso que se extiende hacia el pico en una franja del tamaño del  diámetro ocular, rodeando también en fino borde todo el pico y bajando  por la garganta que asimismo es negra.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-4&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-4&quot;&gt;5&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  Desde los laterales del cuello, así como la parte superior del mismo  (nuca), el color es gris claro. Todo el vientre y las partes inferiores  son pardas de un color marrón blancuzco, excepto sobre las patas que es  de un gris blancuzco. Las alas son completamente heterogéneas en cuanto  al color, siendo las partes interiores del mismo color que el lomo,  marrón oscuro, y las partes exteriores de negro intenso. En el medio y  desde el inicio hacia las puntas, las alas presentan primero una franja  de plumas blancas, luego de un marrón castaño y finalmente las puntas  son azules, moradas o verdosas, en tono oscuro. Las plumas de la cola  son en su inicio de color marrón castaño en la parte superior y color  blanco en la inferior, continuando en un marrón más oscuro y blanco en  las puntas, presentando plumas negras en los bordes exteriores.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-sven_5-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-sven-5&quot;&gt;6&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Distribuci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Distribución&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 402px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Rangemap-grosbec.png&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;175&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Rangemap-grosbec.png/400px-Rangemap-grosbec.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Rangemap-grosbec.png&quot; title=&quot;Aumentar&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Mapa de distribución de &lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;. Nótese el carácter &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale%C3%A1rtico&quot; title=&quot;Paleártico&quot;&gt;paleártico&lt;/a&gt; salvo por la anomalía de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska&quot; title=&quot;Alaska&quot;&gt;Alaska&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Constituye una especie de distribución &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale%C3%A1rtico&quot; title=&quot;Paleártico&quot;&gt;paleártica&lt;/a&gt;, encontrándose en toda &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&quot; title=&quot;Europa&quot;&gt;Europa&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia&quot; title=&quot;Asia&quot;&gt;Asia&lt;/a&gt; templada u oriental (incluyendo el norte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n&quot; title=&quot;Japón&quot;&gt;Japón&lt;/a&gt;), así como en el norte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81frica&quot; title=&quot;África&quot;&gt;África&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marruecos&quot; title=&quot;Marruecos&quot;&gt;Marruecos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BAnez&quot; title=&quot;Túnez&quot;&gt;Túnez&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argelia&quot; title=&quot;Argelia&quot;&gt;Argelia&lt;/a&gt;). Ocasionalmente, el picogordo también ha sido avistado en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska&quot; title=&quot;Alaska&quot;&gt;Alaska&lt;/a&gt;, donde se considera según la &lt;i&gt;American Ornithologist Union (AOU)&lt;/i&gt; una especie de presencia accidental.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-B_6-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-B-6&quot;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
No obstante, a pesar de ser una especie muy distribuida por toda Europa, el picogordo se halla ausente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia&quot; title=&quot;Islandia&quot;&gt;Islandia&lt;/a&gt;, gran parte de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Brit%C3%A1nicas&quot; title=&quot;Islas Británicas&quot;&gt;Islas Británicas&lt;/a&gt; (no se encuentra en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda&quot; title=&quot;Irlanda&quot;&gt;Irlanda&lt;/a&gt;), mayor parte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escandinavia&quot; title=&quot;Escandinavia&quot;&gt;Escandinavia&lt;/a&gt;, y ciertas islas mediterráneas. Sí se distribuye por el sur (desde la &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_Ib%C3%A9rica&quot; title=&quot;Península Ibérica&quot;&gt;Península Ibérica&lt;/a&gt; hasta &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria&quot; title=&quot;Bulgaria&quot;&gt;Bulgaria&lt;/a&gt;) y centro de Europa, incluyendo además &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inglaterra&quot; title=&quot;Inglaterra&quot;&gt;Inglaterra&lt;/a&gt; y el sur de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia&quot; title=&quot;Suecia&quot;&gt;Suecia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-hume_7-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-hume-7&quot;&gt;8&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
En Asia se localiza en &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Menor&quot; title=&quot;Asia Menor&quot;&gt;Asia Menor&lt;/a&gt;, la región del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1ucaso&quot; title=&quot;Cáucaso&quot;&gt;Cáucaso&lt;/a&gt; y en el norte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Irán&quot;&gt;Irán&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Afganistán&quot;&gt;Afganistán&lt;/a&gt; y de &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkest%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Turkestán&quot;&gt;Turkestán&lt;/a&gt;. También habita &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia&quot; title=&quot;Siberia&quot;&gt;Siberia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchuria&quot; title=&quot;Manchuria&quot;&gt;Manchuria&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Norte&quot; title=&quot;Corea del Norte&quot;&gt;Corea del Norte&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Migraci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Migración&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;El picogordo es un &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_migratoria&quot; title=&quot;Ave migratoria&quot;&gt;migrador&lt;/a&gt;  parcial, dirigiéndose grupos de más al norte de estas aves hacia el sur  durante el invierno. El anillamiento de las aves permite recoger datos  que demuestran este hecho. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960&quot; title=&quot;1960&quot;&gt;1960&lt;/a&gt;, el ornitólogo &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karel_Hendrik_Voous&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Karel Hendrik Voous (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;K. H. Voous&lt;/a&gt; postuló que las poblaciones &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&quot; title=&quot;Europa&quot;&gt;europeas&lt;/a&gt; más norteñas invernan en los países mediterráneos. En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a&quot; title=&quot;España&quot;&gt;España&lt;/a&gt; se han llegado a recuperar, en campañas de estudios poblacionales, doce picogordos que fueron anillados en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemania_Occidental&quot; title=&quot;Alemania Occidental&quot;&gt;Alemania Occidental&lt;/a&gt;, uno en &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemania_Oriental&quot; title=&quot;Alemania Oriental&quot;&gt;Alemania Oriental&lt;/a&gt;, cinco en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9lgica&quot; title=&quot;Bélgica&quot;&gt;Bélgica&lt;/a&gt;, cinco en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiza&quot; title=&quot;Suiza&quot;&gt;Suiza&lt;/a&gt;, cuatro en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checoslovaquia&quot; title=&quot;Checoslovaquia&quot;&gt;Checoslovaquia&lt;/a&gt;, tres en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francia&quot; title=&quot;Francia&quot;&gt;Francia&lt;/a&gt;, y uno en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holanda&quot; title=&quot;Holanda&quot;&gt;Holanda&lt;/a&gt;. Sin embargo, el ornitólogo &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Herroelen&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Paul Herroelen (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Paul Herroelen&lt;/a&gt;,  apunta que algunas poblaciones centroeuropeas del picogordo, por  ejemplo las belgas, son más sedentarias o erráticas. No obstante, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Bernis_Madrazo&quot; title=&quot;Francisco Bernis Madrazo&quot;&gt;Bernis&lt;/a&gt;  señala que los datos hallados de las recuperaciones obtenidas ya  anteriormente señaladas, cinco de las doce de Alemania Occidental, dos  de las cinco de Bélgica, una de las cuatro de Checoslovaquia, y una de  las cinco de Suiza, corresponden a anillamientos en época de cría, lo  que significa que a las poblaciones sedentarias de la &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_Ib%C3%A9rica&quot; title=&quot;Península Ibérica&quot;&gt;península Ibérica&lt;/a&gt;, se les une en invierno un importante contingente de picogordos migrantes que proceden de &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroeuropa&quot; title=&quot;Centroeuropa&quot;&gt;centroeuropa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-B_6-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-B-6&quot;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Taxonom.C3.ADa&quot;&gt;Taxonomía&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;La &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especie&quot; title=&quot;Especie&quot;&gt;especie&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt; fue clasificada por primera vez en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1758&quot; title=&quot;1758&quot;&gt;1758&lt;/a&gt; por el zoólogo &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&quot; title=&quot;Carlos Linneo&quot;&gt;Carlos Linneo&lt;/a&gt;, quien la describió en el género &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loxia&quot; title=&quot;Loxia&quot;&gt;Loxia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, constando por tanto inicialmente como &lt;i&gt;&quot;Loxia coccothraustes&quot;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-aa_1-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-aa-1&quot;&gt;2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Más tarde, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Simon_Pallas&quot; title=&quot;Peter Simon Pallas&quot;&gt;Pallas&lt;/a&gt; convino que el picogordo se trataba de una especie fuera del género &lt;i&gt;Loxia&lt;/i&gt;, y la renombró como &lt;i&gt;coccothraustes vulgaris&lt;/i&gt;,&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-8&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-8&quot;&gt;9&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; pero finalmente, ya en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_XIX&quot; title=&quot;Siglo XIX&quot;&gt;siglo XIX&lt;/a&gt;, el zoólogo &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londres&quot; title=&quot;Londres&quot;&gt;londinense&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Bowdler_Sharpe&quot; title=&quot;Richard Bowdler Sharpe&quot;&gt;R. B. Sharpe&lt;/a&gt; le dio su actual nombre (&lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;),&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-9&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-9&quot;&gt;10&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; perteneciendo actualmente y de este modo al &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_%28biolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Género (biología)&quot;&gt;género&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes&quot;&gt;Coccothraustes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, que se clasifica en la familia &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringillidae&quot; title=&quot;Fringillidae&quot;&gt;Fringillidae&lt;/a&gt; dentro del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_%28biolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Orden (biología)&quot;&gt;orden&lt;/a&gt; de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passeriformes&quot; title=&quot;Passeriformes&quot;&gt;Passeriformes&lt;/a&gt;. El picogordo únicamente comparte género con otras dos especies, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coccothraustes_abeillei&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes abeillei (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Coccothraustes abeillei&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; y &lt;i&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coccothraustes_vespertinus&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes vespertinus (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Coccothraustes vespertinus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-10&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-10&quot;&gt;11&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Como especie propiamente dicha se le describen 6 grupos o &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subespecie&quot; title=&quot;Subespecie&quot;&gt;subespecies&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;C.c. coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;, propio del centro y norte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&quot; title=&quot;Europa&quot;&gt;Europa&lt;/a&gt;, incluidas &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_Ib%C3%A9rica&quot; title=&quot;Península Ibérica&quot;&gt;Península Ibérica&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Brit%C3%A1nicas&quot; title=&quot;Islas Británicas&quot;&gt;Islas Británicas&lt;/a&gt;, también presente en el oeste de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia&quot; title=&quot;Asia&quot;&gt;Asia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-11&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-11&quot;&gt;12&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Fue la primera subespecie descrita (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&quot; title=&quot;Carlos Linneo&quot;&gt;Linnæus&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1758&quot; title=&quot;1758&quot;&gt;1758&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;C.c. buvryi&lt;/i&gt;, propio de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argelia&quot; title=&quot;Argelia&quot;&gt;Argelia&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BAnez&quot; title=&quot;Túnez&quot;&gt;Túnez&lt;/a&gt;, presente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marruecos&quot; title=&quot;Marruecos&quot;&gt;Marruecos&lt;/a&gt;. Mucho más gris que &lt;i&gt;C. c. coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-12&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-12&quot;&gt;13&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Clasificado por &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabanis&quot; title=&quot;Cabanis&quot;&gt;Cabanis&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1862&quot; title=&quot;1862&quot;&gt;1862&lt;/a&gt;. También se usa el sinónimo &lt;i&gt;C. c. burryi&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-13&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-13&quot;&gt;14&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;C.c. nigricans&lt;/i&gt;, presente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania&quot; title=&quot;Ucrania&quot;&gt;Ucrania&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Crimea&quot; title=&quot;Península de Crimea&quot;&gt;Península de Crimea&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Caspio&quot; title=&quot;Mar Caspio&quot;&gt;Mar Caspio&lt;/a&gt; y norte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Irán&quot;&gt;Irán&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-14&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-14&quot;&gt;15&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Clasificado por &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sergei_Aleksandrovich_Buturlin&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Sergei Aleksandrovich Buturlin (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Buturlin&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1908&quot; title=&quot;1908&quot;&gt;1908&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-15&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-15&quot;&gt;16&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;C.c. humii&lt;/i&gt;, se distribuye por el este de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazajist%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Kazajistán&quot;&gt;Kazajistán&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirguist%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Kirguistán&quot;&gt;Kirguistán&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayikist%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Tayikistán&quot;&gt;Tayikistán&lt;/a&gt; y oeste de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Afganistán&quot;&gt;Afganistán&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-16&quot;&gt;17&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Clasificado por &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Bowdler_Sharpe&quot; title=&quot;Richard Bowdler Sharpe&quot;&gt;Sharpe&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1886&quot; title=&quot;1886&quot;&gt;1886&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-17&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-17&quot;&gt;18&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;C.c. japonicus&lt;/i&gt;, se localiza en la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_de_Sajal%C3%ADn&quot; title=&quot;Isla de Sajalín&quot;&gt;Isla de Sajalín&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D&quot; title=&quot;Hokkaidō&quot;&gt;Hokkaidō&lt;/a&gt; y norte de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honsh%C5%AB&quot; title=&quot;Honshū&quot;&gt;Honshū&lt;/a&gt;; pasa los inviernos en &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/China&quot; title=&quot;China&quot;&gt;China&lt;/a&gt; y en las &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Ogasawara&quot; title=&quot;Islas Ogasawara&quot;&gt;Islas Ogasawara&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-18&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-18&quot;&gt;19&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Esta especie fue descrita por &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenraad_Jacob_Temminck&quot; title=&quot;Coenraad Jacob Temminck&quot;&gt;Temminck&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Schlegel&quot; title=&quot;Hermann Schlegel&quot;&gt;Schlegel&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848&quot; title=&quot;1848&quot;&gt;1848&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-19&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-19&quot;&gt;20&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;C.c. schulpini&lt;/i&gt;, presente en la cuenca del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Amur&quot; title=&quot;Río Amur&quot;&gt;río Amur&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia&quot; title=&quot;Rusia&quot;&gt;Rusia&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/China&quot; title=&quot;China&quot;&gt;China&lt;/a&gt;), en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchuria&quot; title=&quot;Manchuria&quot;&gt;Manchuria&lt;/a&gt; (China) y en algunas zonas que bordean al &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_del_Jap%C3%B3n&quot; title=&quot;Mar del Japón&quot;&gt;Mar del Japón&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Norte&quot; title=&quot;Corea del Norte&quot;&gt;Corea del Norte&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sur&quot; title=&quot;Corea del Sur&quot;&gt;Corea del Sur&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia&quot; title=&quot;Rusia&quot;&gt;Rusia&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%C3%B3n&quot; title=&quot;Japón&quot;&gt;Japón&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-20&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-20&quot;&gt;21&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Fue descrita por &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Johansen&quot; title=&quot;Hermann Johansen&quot;&gt;H. Johansen&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1944&quot; title=&quot;1944&quot;&gt;1944&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-21&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-21&quot;&gt;22&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;H.C3.A1bitat&quot;&gt;Hábitat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 312px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;207&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg/310px-Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg&quot; width=&quot;310&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg&quot; title=&quot;Aumentar&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Picogordo macho.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Típicamente, el picogordo cría y habita durante la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primavera&quot; title=&quot;Primavera&quot;&gt;primavera&lt;/a&gt; en bosques caducifolios con especies de árboles de gran porte y hoja ancha que les aporten frutos o duras semillas (véase &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus&quot; title=&quot;Quercus&quot;&gt;robles&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus_ilex&quot; title=&quot;Quercus ilex&quot;&gt;encinas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus&quot; title=&quot;Fagus&quot;&gt;hayas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraxinus&quot; title=&quot;Fraxinus&quot;&gt;fresnos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmus&quot; title=&quot;Ulmus&quot;&gt;olmos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_%28planta%29&quot; title=&quot;Acer (planta)&quot;&gt;arces&lt;/a&gt;),  así como en parques y grandes jardines de poblaciones humanas (aunque  más raramente). Localmente también se encuentra en bosque mixto y  puramente de &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con%C3%ADfera&quot; title=&quot;Conífera&quot;&gt;coníferas&lt;/a&gt;, aunque el espectro de su hábitat puede ser aún más diverso, localizándose puntualmente en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotobosque&quot; title=&quot;Sotobosque&quot;&gt;sotobosques&lt;/a&gt;, huertos o incluso en espacios más abiertos, siempre y cuando no se hallen muy lejos de alguna fuente básica de agua.&lt;br /&gt;
Durante el otoño y los inviernos, buscan los bosques que le proporcionen mayor cantidad de alimento, en particular aquellos con &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpinus_betulus&quot; title=&quot;Carpinus betulus&quot;&gt;carpe&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prunus_%28subg%C3%A9nero%29&quot; title=&quot;Prunus (subgénero)&quot;&gt;ciruelo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerasus&quot; title=&quot;Cerasus&quot;&gt;cerezo&lt;/a&gt; o &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxus_baccata&quot; title=&quot;Taxus baccata&quot;&gt;tejo&lt;/a&gt;.  En cuanto a su ocupación altitudinal en el hábitat, el picogordo se  desarrolla a niveles muy dispares, presente desde la línea de costa  hasta altitudes muy próximas al límite de la vegetación arbórea. Las  densidades de población de esta especie son inferiores a 0&#39;1 aves por  cada 10 hectáreas de hábitat, siendo por tanto un pájaro escaso.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-22&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-22&quot;&gt;23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-23&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-23&quot;&gt;24&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Alimentaci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Alimentación&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;La dieta del picogordo se compone básicamente de semillas duras  principalmente de grandes árboles aunque también ingieren las de algunos  frutales, las cuales consigue romper gracias a su fuerte pico que a su  vez acciona por medio de una poderosa musculatura bien desarrollada.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 252px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;188&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg/250px-Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;250&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg&quot; title=&quot;Aumentar&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Picogordo en un comedero de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bytom&quot; title=&quot;Bytom&quot;&gt;Bytom&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia&quot; title=&quot;Polonia&quot;&gt;Polonia&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;La fuerza de trituración de este pequeño pájaro equivale a una carga  de 30 a 48 kg aproximadamente, aunque para algunos autores son mayores  de 50kg.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-24&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-24&quot;&gt;25&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; De este modo consigue abrir los huesos de &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cereza&quot; title=&quot;Cereza&quot;&gt;cerezas&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtis_australis&quot; title=&quot;Celtis australis&quot;&gt;almezas&lt;/a&gt;, dos de sus alimentos más comunes y que más codician. Otros alimentos comunes de este pájaro son los &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%B1%C3%B3n&quot; title=&quot;Piñón&quot;&gt;piñones&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayuco&quot; title=&quot;Hayuco&quot;&gt;hayucos&lt;/a&gt;. También son capaces de romper los huesos de las &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceituna&quot; title=&quot;Aceituna&quot;&gt;aceitunas&lt;/a&gt;, acción para la que se necesitan (según pruebas realizadas) fuerzas de 53 a 80 kg.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-3&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; En su dieta también entran ciertas &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baya&quot; title=&quot;Baya&quot;&gt;bayas&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brote_%28bot%C3%A1nica%29&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Brote (botánica) (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;brotes&lt;/a&gt; y, durante la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primavera&quot; title=&quot;Primavera&quot;&gt;primavera&lt;/a&gt;, algunas &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oruga_%28larva%29&quot; title=&quot;Oruga (larva)&quot;&gt;orugas&lt;/a&gt; que captura.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
El comportamiento alimentario del picogordo suele ser formar pequeños  grupos o bandos para alimentarse, sobre todo durante el invierno.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-25&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-25&quot;&gt;26&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
En resumen, una redacción de alimentos para el picogordo más  específica, teniendo en cuenta que la variedad de semillas que ingiere  es grande, sería la que incluyera durante el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verano&quot; title=&quot;Verano&quot;&gt;verano&lt;/a&gt; y hasta el comienzo del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invierno&quot; title=&quot;Invierno&quot;&gt;invierno&lt;/a&gt;, semillas de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmus&quot; title=&quot;Ulmus&quot;&gt;olmo&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpinus_betulus&quot; title=&quot;Carpinus betulus&quot;&gt;carpe&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_%28planta%29&quot; title=&quot;Acer (planta)&quot;&gt;arce&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus&quot; title=&quot;Fagus&quot;&gt;haya&lt;/a&gt;; durante el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto%C3%B1o&quot; title=&quot;Otoño&quot;&gt;otoño&lt;/a&gt; e &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invierno&quot; title=&quot;Invierno&quot;&gt;invierno&lt;/a&gt; los frutos de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa&quot; title=&quot;Rosa&quot;&gt;rosa&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_canina&quot; title=&quot;Rosa canina&quot;&gt;escaramujo&lt;/a&gt;, y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_monogyna&quot; title=&quot;Crataegus monogyna&quot;&gt;majuelo&lt;/a&gt;; y hacia finales del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invierno&quot; title=&quot;Invierno&quot;&gt;invierno&lt;/a&gt; los brotes más tiernos del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus&quot; title=&quot;Quercus&quot;&gt;roble&lt;/a&gt;, así como los retoños del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxus&quot; title=&quot;Taxus&quot;&gt;tejo&lt;/a&gt;. Con la llegada de la primavera ingieren ciertas orugas que localizan en las hojas de los árboles, como pueden ser la &lt;i&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Operophthera_brumata&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Operophthera brumata (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Operophthera brumata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; y &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana&quot; title=&quot;Tortrix viridana&quot;&gt;Tortrix viridana&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, así como también cazan algunos escarabajos (&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucanus_cervus&quot; title=&quot;Lucanus cervus&quot;&gt;Lucanus cervus&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; o &lt;i&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Melolontha&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Melolontha (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Melolontha&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-4&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Reproducci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Reproducción&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abril&quot; title=&quot;Abril&quot;&gt;abril&lt;/a&gt; comienza la época de cría del picogordo, constando la puesta de esta especie de unos 4 a 6 huevos y produciéndose de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abril&quot; title=&quot;Abril&quot;&gt;abril&lt;/a&gt; a &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo&quot; title=&quot;Mayo&quot;&gt;mayo&lt;/a&gt;. La &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incubaci%C3%B3n&quot; title=&quot;Incubación&quot;&gt;incubación&lt;/a&gt;  es llevada a cabo sólo por la hembra (el macho le proporciona el  alimento), y dura unos 12 días. A menudo crían en pequeñas colonias.  Presentan una única puesta al año, aunque de ser muy favorable el  hábitat podrían darse dos.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Cortejo_nupcial&quot;&gt;Cortejo nupcial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;Según la descripción de &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guy_Mountfort&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt;, los machos presentan durante el principio de la primavera un &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumaje&quot; title=&quot;Plumaje&quot;&gt;plumaje&lt;/a&gt;  abundante y esponjado, y es entonces cuando están listos para el  acercamiento hacia la hembra, produciéndose remolonamente y en zigzag. A  menudo la hembra los recibe hostilmente, por lo que los machos deben  mostrarse insistentes. Cuando logra la atención de la hembra, el macho  coloca el cuerpo muy derecho, despliega las plumas de la cola y baja las  alas hasta tocar con sus extremos el suelo. Es entonces cuando la  hembra empieza a sentir interés, y lo muestra agachándose con las plumas  lisas y pegadas al cuerpo, para posteriormente desplazarse, bien de un  salto o en corto vuelo, siendo seguida por el macho. Acto seguido, el  macho lleva su pico hacia el vientre como si hiciera una reverencia,  mostrando así la zona gris que presenta su plumaje a la altura de la  nuca. Finalmente y para cerrar el cortejo, el macho despliega sus alas y  va caminando hacia la hembra, que alarga el pico para que el macho con  el suyo llegue a penas a rozarlo.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-5&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Nido&quot;&gt;Nido&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;La nidificación empieza a finales de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abril&quot; title=&quot;Abril&quot;&gt;abril&lt;/a&gt; o bien a principios de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo&quot; title=&quot;Mayo&quot;&gt;mayo&lt;/a&gt;. El macho es quien busca el lugar donde comenzará a construir el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nido&quot; title=&quot;Nido&quot;&gt;nido&lt;/a&gt;,  y lo hará meticulosamente, visitando la zona elegida repetidamente las  semanas previas al inicio de su construcción, hasta que finalmente se  decida a colocar las primeras estructuras del nido aunque será la hembra  quien lo complete. Los materiales empleados son básicamente raicillas,  tallos finos, líquenes, etc., revistiendo el interior con pelos. Su  forma es de copa. Construyen el nido a una altura variable, difícilmente  inferior a los 3 m, localizándose por lo general entre los 7 y 20 m, en  árboles grandes, así como en viejos frutales, aunque también en  arbustos frondosos.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-6&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-B_6-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-B-6&quot;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Huevo&quot;&gt;Huevo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;La puesta del picogordo es generalmente de unos 4 o 6 &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huevos_de_aves&quot; title=&quot;Huevos de aves&quot;&gt;huevos&lt;/a&gt;,  siendo lo más común que incuben 5, aunque la puesta puede incluso  constar de 7 huevos (por contra, puestas de menos de 4 huevos son muy  poco frecuentes).&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-3&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-7&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;  De color variado, pueden ser descritos de azul claro o bien de un verde  grisáceo, todos en tonos pálidos, en ocasiones simplemente grisáceos,  pero siempre con manchas y motas pardas y en tonos negruzcos.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-26&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-26&quot;&gt;27&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-8&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; En cuanto al tamaño, según los estudios del &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornit%C3%B3logo&quot; title=&quot;Ornitólogo&quot;&gt;ornitólogo&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido&quot; title=&quot;Reino Unido&quot;&gt;británico&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Francis_Charles_Robert_Jourdain&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Francis Charles Robert Jourdain (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Jourdain&lt;/a&gt;, realizado en base a 100 huevos de picogordo en el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido&quot; title=&quot;Reino Unido&quot;&gt;Reino Unido&lt;/a&gt;, presentarán medidas de unos 24&#39;2 x 17&#39;4 mm como promedio, con un máximo de 27&#39;6 x 17&#39;1 mm y un mínimo de 19&#39;8 x 15&#39;7 mm.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-9&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Polluelos&quot;&gt;Polluelos&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;Al nacer, desprovistos de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumaje&quot; title=&quot;Plumaje&quot;&gt;plumaje&lt;/a&gt;,  presentan un abundante y largo plumón blanco. Se describe la cavidad  oral y la lengua de color rosa, con la parte delantera del paladar de  color rojo en un tono púrpura; se observan también unos salientes  blancuzcos. En cuanto a las comisuras, se aprecian de color &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarillo&quot; title=&quot;Amarillo&quot;&gt;amarillo&lt;/a&gt;. La dieta de los &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polluelo&quot; title=&quot;Polluelo&quot;&gt;polluelos&lt;/a&gt; se basa en &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecto&quot; title=&quot;Insecto&quot;&gt;insectos&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oruga_%28larva%29&quot; title=&quot;Oruga (larva)&quot;&gt;orugas&lt;/a&gt;, que les serán proporcionadas por el padre y la madre. Dejan el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nido&quot; title=&quot;Nido&quot;&gt;nido&lt;/a&gt; a los diez o doce días aproximadamente, aunque fuera de él son atendidos por ambos adultos al menos durante otros quince días.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-10&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Voz&quot;&gt;Voz&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;Presenta voz débil, que se antoja como una especie de &lt;i&gt;zic&lt;/i&gt; explosivo, también descrito como un &lt;i&gt;tsicc&lt;/i&gt; metálico, o en ocasiones como un &lt;i&gt;tisc tisc&lt;/i&gt; repetido en intervalos irregulares. En pleno vuelo más sonoro. También emite suavemente un corto &lt;i&gt;sib&lt;/i&gt; mientras se mueve entre las ramas.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-4&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Su época de &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canto_de_las_aves&quot; title=&quot;Canto de las aves&quot;&gt;canto&lt;/a&gt;  va desde el mes de febrero hasta principios de junio. Canta poco,  realiza un canto similar a su voz base, siendo corto y poco elaborado  sin apenas notas musicales. Es interpretado por &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bernard_William_Tucker&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Bernard William Tucker (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Tucker&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edward_Max_Nicholson&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Edward Max Nicholson (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Nicholson&lt;/a&gt; como un &lt;i&gt;Tchi-tchi... ter-ui-ui&lt;/i&gt;, aunque se describen variaciones más sonoras y casi melodiosas pero bastante básicas.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-11&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
A veces algunos ejemplares también cantan fuera de época, &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guy_Mountfort&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt; apunta observaciones de machos cantando un 16 de enero, un 20 de julio y un 16 de septiembre.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-12&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Aunque las hembras también cantan, lo hacen más débilmente.&lt;br /&gt;
En estado de alteración lanza un sibilante &lt;i&gt;kíu&lt;/i&gt;, y al sujetarlo en la mano lanza un &lt;i&gt;srriiit&lt;/i&gt; más penetrante y gutural.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Vuelo&quot;&gt;Vuelo&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;El picogordo presenta un &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuelo&quot; title=&quot;Vuelo&quot;&gt;vuelo&lt;/a&gt;  rápido y de trayectoria recta en distancias cortas, aunque en  distancias largas describe en el aire una ondulación marcada y  periódica. Estando en el suelo mientras busca alimento van dando  saltitos, y vuelan para ocultarse en los &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rbol&quot; title=&quot;Árbol&quot;&gt;árboles&lt;/a&gt; a la mínima cuando intuyen cualquier &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peligro&quot; title=&quot;Peligro&quot;&gt;peligro&lt;/a&gt;. Durante la primavera suelen capturar &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecto&quot; title=&quot;Insecto&quot;&gt;insectos&lt;/a&gt; incluso en pleno vuelo. La &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiognom%C3%ADa&quot; title=&quot;Fisiognomía&quot;&gt;fisionomía&lt;/a&gt; del picogordo lo hace un pájaro de silueta característica en pleno vuelo, dando la sensación de poseer unas &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ala_%28zoolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Ala (zoología)&quot;&gt;alas&lt;/a&gt;  muy cortas para tan robusto cuerpo, además, volando muestra el color  blanco de la punta de su cola. En sus traslados de un árbol a otro, o  desplazándose de bosque en bosque, vuela a alturas superiores a los 50 y  100 &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro&quot; title=&quot;Metro&quot;&gt;metros&lt;/a&gt;, haciéndolo comúnmente incluso a más de 200 metros. Pueden volar en solitario o en pequeños grupos.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-5&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-13&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Poblaci.C3.B3n.2C_estado_de_conservaci.C3.B3n_y_amenazas&quot;&gt;Población, estado de conservación y amenazas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 282px;&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;450&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG/280px-Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG&quot; width=&quot;280&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG&quot; title=&quot;Aumentar&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Picogordo perchado en una rama.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Presenta una gran población mundial y, aunque no se han cuantificado las tendencias de esta población global, a criterio de la &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_Roja_%28zoolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Lista Roja (zoología)&quot;&gt;Lista Roja de la UICN&lt;/a&gt; puede asegurarse que no se producirá una disminución de más del 30% en diez años o en tres generaciones.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-UICN_27-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-UICN-27&quot;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/BirdLife_International&quot; title=&quot;BirdLife International&quot;&gt;BirdLife International&lt;/a&gt; estima una población &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&quot; title=&quot;Europa&quot;&gt;europea&lt;/a&gt; de entre 2&#39;4 y 4&#39;1 millones de parejas reproductoras.&lt;br /&gt;
En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a&quot; title=&quot;España&quot;&gt;España&lt;/a&gt;, y según &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Purroy&quot; title=&quot;Francisco Purroy&quot;&gt;Purroy&lt;/a&gt; en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997&quot; title=&quot;1997&quot;&gt;1997&lt;/a&gt;, la población de esta especie era de unas 4000 o 5000 parejas reproductoras. Este dato se ve apoyado por el &lt;i&gt;Atlas de las aves reproductoras de España&lt;/i&gt;, que en el año &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003&quot; title=&quot;2003&quot;&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt; apunta una población de casi unas 5000 parejas. Según ciertos datos obtenidos por el programa &lt;i&gt;SACRE&lt;/i&gt;, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005&quot; title=&quot;2005&quot;&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt; la tendencia de la población española es creciente.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-28&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-28&quot;&gt;29&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-B_6-3&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-B-6&quot;&gt;7&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
A nivel mundial la especie no se incluye, según la revisión realizada en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996&quot; title=&quot;1996&quot;&gt;1996&lt;/a&gt;, en la &lt;i&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_Roja_%28zoolog%C3%ADa%29&quot; title=&quot;Lista Roja (zoología)&quot;&gt;Lista Roja&lt;/a&gt; de la &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%C3%B3n_Internacional_para_la_Conservaci%C3%B3n_de_la_Naturaleza&quot; title=&quot;Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza&quot;&gt;UICN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Desde &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988&quot; title=&quot;1988&quot;&gt;1988&lt;/a&gt;, cuando la especie fue catalogada por primera vez por &lt;i&gt;Collar&lt;/i&gt; y &lt;i&gt;Andrew&lt;/i&gt;, el picogordo es una especie cuyo estado de conservación es de preocupación menor (&lt;i&gt;LC, Least Concern&lt;/i&gt;), y así sería catalogada en futuras revisiones por &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/BirdLife_International&quot; title=&quot;BirdLife International&quot;&gt;BirdLife International&lt;/a&gt;, desde la primera en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000&quot; title=&quot;2000&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/a&gt; hasta la del &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008&quot; title=&quot;2008&quot;&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-UICN_27-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-UICN-27&quot;&gt;28&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a&quot; title=&quot;España&quot;&gt;España&lt;/a&gt; el picogordo consta desde &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992&quot; title=&quot;1992&quot;&gt;1992&lt;/a&gt; como especie &lt;i&gt;No Amenazada&lt;/i&gt; en el &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Libro_Rojo_de_los_Vertebrados_de_Espa%C3%B1a&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Libro Rojo de los Vertebrados de España (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Libro Rojo de los Vertebrados&lt;/a&gt;, ostentando la categoría de especie de &lt;i&gt;Interés Especial&lt;/i&gt; desde el &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_de_abril&quot; title=&quot;5 de abril&quot;&gt;5 de abril&lt;/a&gt; de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990&quot; title=&quot;1990&quot;&gt;1990&lt;/a&gt; según el &lt;i&gt;Real Decreto 439/1990&lt;/i&gt;, y coincidiendo con todos los catálogos regionales a excepción del País Vasco, donde es una especie con categoría &lt;i&gt;Vulnerable&lt;/i&gt; desde &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996&quot; title=&quot;1996&quot;&gt;1996&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-CN_29-0&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-CN-29&quot;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Los factores de amenaza sobre el picogordo son básicamente la destrucción y pérdida de su &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1bitat&quot; title=&quot;Hábitat&quot;&gt;hábitat&lt;/a&gt;, dado que es una especie muy sensible a los cambios en el mismo. Otro posible factor de amenaza, según el &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cat%C3%A1logo_Nacional_de_Especies_Amenazadas&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Catálogo Nacional de Especies Amenazadas (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Catálogo Nacional de Especies Amenazadas&lt;/a&gt;, es la caza por pajareros, e incluso también la caza a escopeta por cazadores.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-CN_29-1&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-CN-29&quot;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Comportamiento&quot;&gt;Comportamiento&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;El picogordo es una especie tímida y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comportamiento_de_huida&quot; title=&quot;Comportamiento de huida&quot;&gt;huidiza&lt;/a&gt;, siendo por tanto un pájaro difícil de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turismo_ornitol%C3%B3gico&quot; title=&quot;Turismo ornitológico&quot;&gt;observar&lt;/a&gt;.  Con el buen tiempo y unas condiciones climáticas óptimas varía su  conducta, al ser este el momento en que más visible se hace. Pasa su  vida en las &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama&quot; title=&quot;Rama&quot;&gt;ramas&lt;/a&gt;  más altas de los árboles en los que se posa, sobre todo en época de  cría, momento en el que se hace más complicado el estudio de sus  costumbres. A lo largo de su vida, prácticamente solo baja al suelo  cuando va en busca de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semilla&quot; title=&quot;Semilla&quot;&gt;semillas&lt;/a&gt;,  acción para la que raramente se aleja en exceso del árbol, aunque  también puede ser observado con mayor facilidad cuando se dispone a  beber, y como es un pájaro que prefiere no estar demasiado tiempo sobre  tierra firme, el picogordo necesita desarrollar su vida en zonas con una  patente proximidad de agua.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-14&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Al comer y beber junto a otros pájaros, el picogordo es de carácter  agresivo y dominante, tanto con ejemplares de su misma especie como con  los de otras incluso de mayor tamaño.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-15&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
La &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorio_%28animal%29&quot; title=&quot;Territorio (animal)&quot;&gt;territorialidad&lt;/a&gt;  es variable, de tal modo que si las parejas de picogordo están criando  en pequeñas colonias, como ocurre frecuentemente, el territorio  defendido por cada pareja es muy pequeño, pero cuando la pareja no forma  colonias con otras para nidificar, esta puede ocupar y defender hasta  un &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosque&quot; title=&quot;Bosque&quot;&gt;bosque&lt;/a&gt; entero.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-A_3-16&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-A-3&quot;&gt;4&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Según &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Guy_Mountfort&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (aún no redactado)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt;,  el comportamiento de establecer colonias de cría supone un valor de  supervivencia mucho mayor, dado que anidar en conjunto, con la  agrupación de parejas que esto supone, ofrece una mayor capacidad de  defensa contra los &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depredaci%C3%B3n&quot; title=&quot;Depredación&quot;&gt;depredadores&lt;/a&gt; para el nido.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-30&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-30&quot;&gt;31&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Miscel.C3.A1nea&quot;&gt;Miscelánea&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;El picogordo puede vivir hasta 5 años.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-C_2-6&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-C-2&quot;&gt;3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Además del nombre vulgar &lt;i&gt;picogordo&lt;/i&gt;, esta especie recibe otros nombres dentro de &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a&quot; title=&quot;España&quot;&gt;España&lt;/a&gt;, así en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_catal%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Idioma catalán&quot;&gt;catalán&lt;/a&gt; será &lt;i&gt;durbec&lt;/i&gt;, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valenciano&quot; title=&quot;Valenciano&quot;&gt;valenciano&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;trencapinyols&lt;/i&gt;, en &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallego&quot; title=&quot;Gallego&quot;&gt;gallego&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;bicogroso&lt;/i&gt;, en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasco&quot; title=&quot;Vasco&quot;&gt;vasco&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;mokolodia&lt;/i&gt;, y en &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaluc%C3%ADa&quot; title=&quot;Andalucía&quot;&gt;Andalucía&lt;/a&gt; se le conoce como &lt;i&gt;cascanueces&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-CN_29-2&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-CN-29&quot;&gt;30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-31&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-31&quot;&gt;32&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-32&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-32&quot;&gt;33&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;En &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania&quot; title=&quot;Albania&quot;&gt;Albania&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9lgica&quot; title=&quot;Bélgica&quot;&gt;Bélgica&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bielorrusia&quot; title=&quot;Bielorrusia&quot;&gt;Bielorrusia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria&quot; title=&quot;Bulgaria&quot;&gt;Bulgaria&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checoslovaquia&quot; title=&quot;Checoslovaquia&quot;&gt;Checoslovaquia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia&quot; title=&quot;Georgia&quot;&gt;Georgia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A1n&quot; title=&quot;Irán&quot;&gt;Irán&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolia&quot; title=&quot;Mongolia&quot;&gt;Mongolia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C3%ADses_Bajos&quot; title=&quot;Países Bajos&quot;&gt;Países Bajos&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia&quot; title=&quot;Polonia&quot;&gt;Polonia&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia&quot; title=&quot;Suecia&quot;&gt;Suecia&lt;/a&gt; y &lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslavia&quot; title=&quot;Yugoslavia&quot;&gt;Yugoslavia&lt;/a&gt; se han emitido sellos dedicados al picogordo.&lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-33&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-33&quot;&gt;34&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;sup class=&quot;reference&quot; id=&quot;cite_ref-34&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes#cite_note-34&quot;&gt;35&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/1925624267861881981/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/picogordo-coccothraustes-coccothraustes.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/1925624267861881981'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/1925624267861881981'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/picogordo-coccothraustes-coccothraustes.html' title='Picogordo - Coccothraustes coccothraustes'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-6414805032612620338</id><published>2011-11-13T14:20:00.000+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-13T14:20:30.441+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodaco MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><title type='text'>Hawfinch - Coccothraustes Coccothraustes</title><content type='html'>&lt;span&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; (Linnaeus, 1758) Hawfinch  is the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_cient%25C3%25ADfico&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi9Fx_SVN29kIHU4561y4GOUDGaaw&quot; title=&quot;Scientific name&quot;&gt;scientific name&lt;/a&gt; used in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoolog%25C3%25ADa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjJ0NdItic0hxV71RS59dNOrptD0g&quot; title=&quot;Zoology&quot;&gt;zoology&lt;/a&gt; to refer to commonly known &lt;b&gt;hawfinch&lt;/b&gt; and this one &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especie&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2LdpDSU3p263hzfa1hF0_u2oQ5Q&quot; title=&quot;Species&quot;&gt;species&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aves&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh4y8M-NTCrrJyiI_fss-8ZOiThjg&quot; title=&quot;Poultry&quot;&gt;bird&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25A9nero_%28biolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiSQaYWYY088HBSXSv0vHyrYBPGVg&quot; title=&quot;Genus (biology)&quot;&gt;genus&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjgWcAw2tYeXIPQvmVpFu4u3QiH4A&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; within the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familia_%28biolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiFNIkAriANH8EXptZMm_KN8kKE1A&quot; title=&quot;Family (biology)&quot;&gt;family&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringillidae&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj6GA4OkFfRWCW95a-fkc_7woOsGg&quot; title=&quot;Fringillidae&quot;&gt;Fringillidae&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Stealthy and difficult to observe, is one of the largest, most robust and compact &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringillidae&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj6GA4OkFfRWCW95a-fkc_7woOsGg&quot; title=&quot;Fringillidae&quot;&gt;finches&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  Orange-brown, has a characteristic &quot;mask&quot; black, and wings of  heterogeneous and dark color, where stands a white stripe and dark blue  color of the tips.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; She lives in forests &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caducifolio&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhVU_jQxBXX8C0kuDEzCQX5Zoz_8w&quot; title=&quot;Deciduous&quot;&gt;deciduous&lt;/a&gt; , where it feeds mainly on &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semilla&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiLTjAYtrdfV04Jfaie5F5Ju9S5Pw&quot; title=&quot;Seed&quot;&gt;seeds&lt;/a&gt; hard to open with its powerful beak.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Dispatched by &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale%25C3%25A1rtico&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj1BBh_sDwH1FF4SQ-XDFZuBJzQfw&quot; title=&quot;Palearctic&quot;&gt;Palearctic&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiQTU95J5P7dht8Y5zIWVO7ZC18bw&quot; title=&quot;Carl Linnaeus&quot;&gt;Carolus Linnaeus&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1758&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjrPfcAZHslldfdJk3msQI6K0GF2Q&quot; title=&quot;1758&quot;&gt;1758&lt;/a&gt; was the first to describe this species for science.  The species has six subspecies.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;The Hawfinch has a length of between 16.5 and 18 &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cent%25C3%25ADmetro&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgl2u4us6e4F33wIw-YIwLSRhpIug&quot; title=&quot;Centimeter&quot;&gt;inches&lt;/a&gt; , while the wingspan measures ranging from 29 to 33 inches.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The body weight of this species is between 48 and 62 &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gramo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjcgRQwmydh_Wo-sANaK6CMNwy0UA&quot; title=&quot;Gram&quot;&gt;grams&lt;/a&gt; or so.  The females usually have the lowest measures, and therefore have smaller size and weight than males.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt;  In terms of physiognomy, described as a typical finches, robust figure,  thick neck, large round head and a broad, strong, conical peak of  metallic appearance which comes their &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nombre_vulgar&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiwpgu31QBqLIHta5mJU8b0_RTCfQ&quot; title=&quot;Common Name&quot;&gt;common name&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;(Hawfinch).&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Their legs are short, pinkish in tone clear and also very short tail.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; His eyes are brown, but to go into more detail must go back to &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgALcPsYfIyGL9aMbmpKPxLjYs6iA&quot; title=&quot;1957&quot;&gt;1957&lt;/a&gt; , the year in which &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DGuy_Mountfort%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiXpGZSwgNr8mZunYWkX8B3A-ztXA&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt;  notes and states that after driving to hawfinch for banding and  therefore in a state of excitement, the eyes of this turn of an intense  reddish-chocolate color.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  In addition, note that immediately after death, the eye color is white,  and examined in the light of the sun could be defined as pink amber. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; In terms of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumaje&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjLIWm8pH67pMvoigDK7IlDO457xg&quot; title=&quot;Plumage&quot;&gt;plumage&lt;/a&gt;  should be noted that much more striking is the male than the female  (paler in tone), introducing the beautiful colors highlighting its wings  and head.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  Broadly speaking, the overall color of its plumage is brown, being the  head of an orange tone, as though face a lighter shade, with eyes  surrounded by a thin black border that extends deep into the peak on a  strip of eye diameter size, surrounding thin rim also in all the peak  and down the throat is also black.  Since the lateral neck and the top of the (head), color is light gray.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Around the belly and the undersides are brown to brownish-white, except on the legs is whitish-gray.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  The wings are quite heterogeneous in terms of color, being the inner  parts of the same color as the back, dark brown, and the outer parts of  intense black.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  In the middle and from the start to tip, the wings have a fringe of  feathers first white, then brown-brown and finally the ends are blue,  purple or green, dark tone.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  The tail feathers are for the start of chestnut brown on top and white  on the bottom, continuing in a darker brown and white at the tips,  featuring black feathers on the outer edges.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Distribuci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Distribution&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 402px;&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Rangemap-grosbec.png&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg6nUMhVjf38MVw89yDCui8qoUoRA&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;175&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Rangemap-grosbec.png/400px-Rangemap-grosbec.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Rangemap-grosbec.png&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg6nUMhVjf38MVw89yDCui8qoUoRA&quot; title=&quot;Increase&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt; Distribution Map &lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes coccothraustes.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Note the character &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale%25C3%25A1rtico&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj1BBh_sDwH1FF4SQ-XDFZuBJzQfw&quot; title=&quot;Palearctic&quot;&gt;palearctic&lt;/a&gt; except for the anomaly of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhZDP7i5EHSAD_pm4tteWFg3OgTQw&quot; title=&quot;Alaska&quot;&gt;Alaska&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt; Distribution is a kind of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pale%25C3%25A1rtico&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj1BBh_sDwH1FF4SQ-XDFZuBJzQfw&quot; title=&quot;Palearctic&quot;&gt;Palearctic&lt;/a&gt; , found throughout &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2hPtKTT8xfuRoXt0Q1ofJk2Inig&quot; title=&quot;Europe&quot;&gt;Europe&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhaGTbTJ1F1ovC66YUy8rObwIQtYA&quot; title=&quot;Asia&quot;&gt;Asia&lt;/a&gt; or Eastern Temperate (including northern &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B3n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgcPkpi-mBfrKggShgmwQKidQdrZQ&quot; title=&quot;Japan&quot;&gt;Japan&lt;/a&gt; ) as well as in northern &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581frica&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj02ClQgqd93WXH_ZsGVEKaaqzHXA&quot; title=&quot;Africa&quot;&gt;Africa&lt;/a&gt; ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marruecos&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhQssfCTcmv058bjBzkCFF3FZ2Cmw&quot; title=&quot;Morocco&quot;&gt;Morocco&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25BAnez&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhglu_Fro9SwzM5VSPnNN2QQr3KX8g&quot; title=&quot;Tunisia&quot;&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argelia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh1aObkkmOfSPz66w9zhRH27QPx5A&quot; title=&quot;Algeria&quot;&gt;Algeria&lt;/a&gt; ).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Occasionally, the Hawfinch has also been sighted in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhZDP7i5EHSAD_pm4tteWFg3OgTQw&quot; title=&quot;Alaska&quot;&gt;Alaska&lt;/a&gt; , where it is considered according to the &lt;i&gt;American Ornithologist Union (AOU)&lt;/i&gt; a kind of adventitious presence. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; However, despite being a species widely distributed throughout Europe, the Hawfinch is absent in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islandia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi7duDBvCIm9tVwDhXLLT0z9n-WGw&quot; title=&quot;Iceland&quot;&gt;Iceland&lt;/a&gt; , most of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Brit%25C3%25A1nicas&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiRLnyauLed7IEgr4zKhXw2LNjlyA&quot; title=&quot;British Isles&quot;&gt;British Isles&lt;/a&gt; (not in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irlanda&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgztYdtMk5RmPYTXz35s3QTS98kqg&quot; title=&quot;Ireland&quot;&gt;Ireland&lt;/a&gt; ), most of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escandinavia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhApvk_FenmU3miSWGmCdn_vcOgMg&quot; title=&quot;Scandinavia&quot;&gt;Scandinavia&lt;/a&gt; , and certain Mediterranean islands.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; If distributed in the south (from the &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%25C3%25ADnsula_Ib%25C3%25A9rica&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjtBBEdJ09KmYbOTQZwZUFQ0YXuIg&quot; title=&quot;Iberian Peninsula&quot;&gt;Iberian Peninsula&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhih3a7kNY8GrHGFwJiuZ3F1QfJwvw&quot; title=&quot;Bulgaria&quot;&gt;Bulgaria&lt;/a&gt; ) and Central Europe, also including &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inglaterra&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhKNXvbWANoMZVjN42DSU6a4lX6VQ&quot; title=&quot;England&quot;&gt;England&lt;/a&gt; and southern &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh89li23k4WqdnxMYRdkB6W6Z8L6A&quot; title=&quot;Sweden&quot;&gt;Sweden&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; In Asia, located in &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Menor&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiS3JbkOaZQYVYUeLSqEFW9IRaGaQ&quot; title=&quot;Asia Minor&quot;&gt;Asia Minor&lt;/a&gt; , the region of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%25C3%25A1ucaso&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgRNZHAjtxInIzNOb13F2ErlMLfGQ&quot; title=&quot;Caucasus&quot;&gt;Caucasus&lt;/a&gt; and northern &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg18R8KIsbfJd-TWt_IAbJDK2-lsQ&quot; title=&quot;Iran&quot;&gt;Iran&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjddlFOn_o-CrLz9p414wMJDTgEVg&quot; title=&quot;Afghanistan&quot;&gt;Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkest%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj3KnM6TvG1Qh2lcvSBfe92txEkNQ&quot; title=&quot;Turkestan&quot;&gt;Turkestan&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; It also inhabits &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siberia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgKiLlqnMs105Ifaia3xUXzrCjpPw&quot; title=&quot;Siberia&quot;&gt;Siberia&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchuria&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiqzzqt8gc3kTqjhV50vfU-Vm__Cw&quot; title=&quot;Manchuria&quot;&gt;Manchuria&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Norte&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhihMiHO50BLfmb0XyycEq1P13dMCg&quot; title=&quot;North Korea&quot;&gt;North Korea&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Migraci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Migration&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;span&gt; The Grosbeak is a &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ave_migratoria&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgVRn5qW2hJNVGQKd68ehxEUGAhRQ&quot; title=&quot;Migratory bird&quot;&gt;migratory&lt;/a&gt; in part by groups of more northern birds south for the winter.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The bird banding permits to collect data that demonstrate this fact.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; In &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhipV61pREIUdOdigB2qfpkzuLrNYA&quot; title=&quot;1960&quot;&gt;1960&lt;/a&gt; , the ornithologist &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DKarel_Hendrik_Voous%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjF-xCAtp7BGYFZYB767NHmzS_f9w&quot; title=&quot;Karel Hendrik Voous (not yet written)&quot;&gt;KH Voous&lt;/a&gt; populations postulated that &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2hPtKTT8xfuRoXt0Q1ofJk2Inig&quot; title=&quot;Europe&quot;&gt;European&lt;/a&gt; wintering in more northern Mediterranean countries.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; In &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%25C3%25B1a&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgtaxHUAq1GJMbyz06AtBLUJ4yz-A&quot; title=&quot;Spain&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt; you have come to recover from population studies in campaigns, twelve grosbeaks were banded in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemania_Occidental&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjBTYXMHljaxi3l8kZGjHvaTJBBtA&quot; title=&quot;West Germany&quot;&gt;West Germany&lt;/a&gt; , one in &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemania_Oriental&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjUJkJVCldD1m6XfJ9xzxk4PfGVRQ&quot; title=&quot;East Germany&quot;&gt;East Germany&lt;/a&gt; , five in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25A9lgica&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgZOTXTaxQZ1re6EfPb4NRxe72Sdg&quot; title=&quot;Belgium&quot;&gt;Belgium&lt;/a&gt; , five in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suiza&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhZFjgTOfortRniLcydkWE5R65Tyg&quot; title=&quot;Switzerland&quot;&gt;Switzerland&lt;/a&gt; , four in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checoslovaquia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgppfkeH9SiMajdC6AdUse-AYIA9Q&quot; title=&quot;Czechoslovakia&quot;&gt;Czechoslovakia&lt;/a&gt; , three in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjaz_y6V4pLt8_NxTwssqJhK9sl7w&quot; title=&quot;France&quot;&gt;France&lt;/a&gt; and one in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holanda&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh6TU4mU3gqaO0oBtLY4hphop1Puw&quot; title=&quot;Holland&quot;&gt;Holland&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; However, the ornithologist &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DPaul_Herroelen%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgLWY_OwovkaiC63bpMVSReXpuuWg&quot; title=&quot;Paul Herroelen (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Paul Herroelen&lt;/a&gt; , notes that some central European populations of the Hawfinch, such as Belgium, are more sedentary and erratic.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; However, &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Bernis_Madrazo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi9aNroBxgW4dwZ0uDnBSQBYbPEiw&quot; title=&quot;Francisco Bernis Madrazo&quot;&gt;Bernis&lt;/a&gt;  said that the data found recoveries obtained as previously indicated,  five of the twelve West Germany, two of five in Belgium, one of four in  Czechoslovakia, and five in Switzerland, are ring- during the breeding  season, which means that sedentary populations of the &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%25C3%25ADnsula_Ib%25C3%25A9rica&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjtBBEdJ09KmYbOTQZwZUFQ0YXuIg&quot; title=&quot;Iberian Peninsula&quot;&gt;Iberian peninsula&lt;/a&gt; , in winter they are joined by a large contingent of migrant grosbeaks come from &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centroeuropa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhZEuUne__TOyDbh5d3ITms6RFyCA&quot; title=&quot;Central&quot;&gt;Central Europe&lt;/a&gt; .&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Taxonom.C3.ADa&quot;&gt;Taxonomy&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span&gt; The &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Especie&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2LdpDSU3p263hzfa1hF0_u2oQ5Q&quot; title=&quot;Species&quot;&gt;species&lt;/a&gt; was classified &lt;i&gt;coccothraustes Coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt; for the first time in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1758&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjrPfcAZHslldfdJk3msQI6K0GF2Q&quot; title=&quot;1758&quot;&gt;1758&lt;/a&gt; by zoologist &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiQTU95J5P7dht8Y5zIWVO7ZC18bw&quot; title=&quot;Carl Linnaeus&quot;&gt;Carl Linnaeus&lt;/a&gt; , who described in the genus &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loxia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj1JT-s8JX63s1ql_vetT_antCDPg&quot; title=&quot;Loxia&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Loxia&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; , consisting of both initially and &lt;i&gt;&quot;Loxia coccothraustes&quot;.&lt;/i&gt;  Later, &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Simon_Pallas&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhYrSsfyjAW-HyWTpAqpFGWoKbbfg&quot; title=&quot;Peter Simon Pallas&quot;&gt;Pallas&lt;/a&gt; agreed that it was a Hawfinch species outside the genus &lt;i&gt;Loxia,&lt;/i&gt; and renamed it &lt;i&gt;coccothraustes vulgaris,&lt;/i&gt;  but eventually, as in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siglo_XIX&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjVKb59g8JJBq18SyQt2nYL412X_A&quot; title=&quot;Nineteenth Century&quot;&gt;nineteenth century&lt;/a&gt; , zoologist &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londres&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiOTWNumU9QtbY3iLlI9b6crbCnnw&quot; title=&quot;London&quot;&gt;London&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Bowdler_Sharpe&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhD9cc-1f1XMM2owrz2B6OxTiHBPg&quot; title=&quot;Richard Bowdler Sharpe&quot;&gt;RB Sharpe&lt;/a&gt; gave it its present name &lt;i&gt;(Coccothraustes coccothraustes),&lt;/i&gt;  is currently owned and thus the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%25C3%25A9nero_%28biolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiSQaYWYY088HBSXSv0vHyrYBPGVg&quot; title=&quot;Genus (biology)&quot;&gt;gender&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccothraustes&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjgWcAw2tYeXIPQvmVpFu4u3QiH4A&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; , classified in the family &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fringillidae&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj6GA4OkFfRWCW95a-fkc_7woOsGg&quot; title=&quot;Fringillidae&quot;&gt;Fringillidae&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orden_%28biolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjDGUvdP5vY73l9QO-qHQY1x2kIkg&quot; title=&quot;Order (biology)&quot;&gt;order&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passeriformes&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjr8QJr9YyIdwM-SK20wkPyvnt_Jw&quot; title=&quot;Passeriformes&quot;&gt;Passeriformes&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The gender hawfinch only shares two other species, &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCoccothraustes_abeillei%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgNQ7-uFwQHg5MimcnvoY8qAquZmA&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes abeillei (not yet written)&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes abeillei&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCoccothraustes_vespertinus%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiNrDmpVlTsoVuJqHUU43j4QDgHQQ&quot; title=&quot;Coccothraustes vespertinus (not yet written)&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes vespertinus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; As a species itself is described 6 groups or &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subespecie&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgIYTU0S6DY3Bhahq2zWffBriCKPA&quot; title=&quot;Subspecies&quot;&gt;subspecies&lt;/a&gt; :&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;Coccothraustes Cc,&lt;/i&gt; typical of central and northern &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2hPtKTT8xfuRoXt0Q1ofJk2Inig&quot; title=&quot;Europe&quot;&gt;Europe&lt;/a&gt; , including &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%25C3%25ADnsula_Ib%25C3%25A9rica&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjtBBEdJ09KmYbOTQZwZUFQ0YXuIg&quot; title=&quot;Iberian Peninsula&quot;&gt;Iberia&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Brit%25C3%25A1nicas&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiRLnyauLed7IEgr4zKhXw2LNjlyA&quot; title=&quot;British Isles&quot;&gt;British Isles&lt;/a&gt; , also present in western &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhaGTbTJ1F1ovC66YUy8rObwIQtYA&quot; title=&quot;Asia&quot;&gt;Asia&lt;/a&gt; .  was the first subspecies described ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Linneo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiQTU95J5P7dht8Y5zIWVO7ZC18bw&quot; title=&quot;Carl Linnaeus&quot;&gt;Linnæus&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1758&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjrPfcAZHslldfdJk3msQI6K0GF2Q&quot; title=&quot;1758&quot;&gt;1758&lt;/a&gt; ).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;Buvryi Cc,&lt;/i&gt; typical of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argelia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh1aObkkmOfSPz66w9zhRH27QPx5A&quot; title=&quot;Algeria&quot;&gt;Algeria&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%25C3%25BAnez&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhglu_Fro9SwzM5VSPnNN2QQr3KX8g&quot; title=&quot;Tunisia&quot;&gt;Tunisia&lt;/a&gt; , present in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marruecos&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhQssfCTcmv058bjBzkCFF3FZ2Cmw&quot; title=&quot;Morocco&quot;&gt;Morocco&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Much grayer than &lt;i&gt;C.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;c.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;coccothraustes.&lt;/i&gt;  sorted by &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabanis&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjHz6R9waKKZoTpUjSX0iZmi7rCMg&quot; title=&quot;Cabanis&quot;&gt;Cabanis&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1862&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjBKEtpEepsKR97O-8uogtIvhjwlQ&quot; title=&quot;1862&quot;&gt;1862&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Also used the synonym &lt;i&gt;C.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;c.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;burryi.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;Cc nigricans&lt;/i&gt; present in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ucrania&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgivjmR7brg_ewWEWRcf7cNYRrIJg&quot; title=&quot;Ukraine&quot;&gt;Ukraine&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%25C3%25ADnsula_de_Crimea&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgoHVE3GE3LNfwaVZemSqrEbAj9rA&quot; title=&quot;Crimean Peninsula&quot;&gt;Crimea Peninsula&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_Caspio&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgWtHx2zHYK_EbI4SqhKxFuDhRNjA&quot; title=&quot;Caspian Sea&quot;&gt;Caspian Sea&lt;/a&gt; and north of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg18R8KIsbfJd-TWt_IAbJDK2-lsQ&quot; title=&quot;Iran&quot;&gt;Iran&lt;/a&gt; .  Sort &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DSergei_Aleksandrovich_Buturlin%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhitzvgL-O_GmDrBC48LfGSxUiIIXw&quot; title=&quot;Sergei Aleksandrovich Buturlin (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Buturlin&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1908&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhilJbJIbAGvHJF-4cGrQKQaAhq8sA&quot; title=&quot;1908&quot;&gt;1908&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;Humii CC&lt;/i&gt; is distributed in the east of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazajist%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhir8l5HcbgP7CCJFaPHdesO4KqZw&quot; title=&quot;Kazakhstan&quot;&gt;Kazakhstan&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirguist%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhrv8m_plZqHAJvV9fcAZFrGvDc6w&quot; title=&quot;Kyrgyzstan&quot;&gt;Kyrgyzstan&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayikist%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiF9Q7ILa3CTcF2sENOzOHPE05eVQ&quot; title=&quot;Tajikistan&quot;&gt;Tajikistan&lt;/a&gt; and western &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afganist%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjddlFOn_o-CrLz9p414wMJDTgEVg&quot; title=&quot;Afghanistan&quot;&gt;Afghanistan&lt;/a&gt; .  sorted by &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Bowdler_Sharpe&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhD9cc-1f1XMM2owrz2B6OxTiHBPg&quot; title=&quot;Richard Bowdler Sharpe&quot;&gt;Sharpe&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1886&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjLzKMHckmWaCcuhg4JxGZC5yXFzg&quot; title=&quot;1886&quot;&gt;1886&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;Cc japonicus,&lt;/i&gt; is located on the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isla_de_Sajal%25C3%25ADn&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhihZUkXQTT6SvcN-z-cVoouUhPRLQ&quot; title=&quot;Sakhalin Island&quot;&gt;Island of Sakhalin&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hokkaid%25C5%258D&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj6NMyhmOmomfsDps_0T9osB8QlWg&quot; title=&quot;Hokkaidō&quot;&gt;Hokkaido&lt;/a&gt; and northern &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honsh%25C5%25AB&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjO8M-iGJJgCNI_WR84R_rSAjE4cA&quot; title=&quot;Honshū&quot;&gt;Honshu&lt;/a&gt; , spends winters in &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/China&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhq5F9zO-w2IewWrseGStSBk1gz3A&quot; title=&quot;China&quot;&gt;China&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Ogasawara&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjqoZKQVGFMHvl4MKw2TuZv5WcfZg&quot; title=&quot;Ogasawara Islands&quot;&gt;Ogasawara Islands&lt;/a&gt; .  This species was described by &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coenraad_Jacob_Temminck&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhW-402yhFA9p_olWkIMUzrgtDS3A&quot; title=&quot;Coenraad Jacob Temminck&quot;&gt;Temminck&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Schlegel&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhEwLEdYW8V0wwEv-Adg0Ygd8qOkA&quot; title=&quot;Hermann Schlegel&quot;&gt;Schlegel&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1848&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiwv2OPTWiL4g2LOOZ2TlMonOrfcQ&quot; title=&quot;1848&quot;&gt;1848&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;Cc schulpini&lt;/i&gt; present in the basin of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%25C3%25ADo_Amur&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgkDLh4KCgv6LrgRbQ3awkdVI3hlw&quot; title=&quot;Amur River&quot;&gt;Amur River&lt;/a&gt; ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhDDVRT_UeKWG05TJIOW5bzST2b9w&quot; title=&quot;Russia&quot;&gt;Russia&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/China&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhq5F9zO-w2IewWrseGStSBk1gz3A&quot; title=&quot;China&quot;&gt;China&lt;/a&gt; ) in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchuria&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiqzzqt8gc3kTqjhV50vfU-Vm__Cw&quot; title=&quot;Manchuria&quot;&gt;Manchuria&lt;/a&gt; (China) and in areas bordering the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_del_Jap%25C3%25B3n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhivta-R1uMqptQmCugyePTksDsI6g&quot; title=&quot;Sea of ​​Japan&quot;&gt;Sea of Japan&lt;/a&gt; ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Norte&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhihMiHO50BLfmb0XyycEq1P13dMCg&quot; title=&quot;North Korea&quot;&gt;North Korea&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corea_del_Sur&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjvlELukG0Fft2i2LwL5tpYrVUJYQ&quot; title=&quot;South Korea&quot;&gt;South Korea&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhDDVRT_UeKWG05TJIOW5bzST2b9w&quot; title=&quot;Russia&quot;&gt;Russia&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jap%25C3%25B3n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgcPkpi-mBfrKggShgmwQKidQdrZQ&quot; title=&quot;Japan&quot;&gt;Japan&lt;/a&gt; .  was described by &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann_Johansen&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhc6zAvpYMdkDBypFG5eMmz-YBuxg&quot; title=&quot;Hermann Johansen&quot;&gt;H. Johansen&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1944&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjuNgwNot2iWvNWOuoB75eXPYN-dw&quot; title=&quot;1944&quot;&gt;1944&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;H.C3.A1bitat&quot;&gt;Habitat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 312px;&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj0PSR7ohttw-r87ALdAluc0iBpnA&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;207&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg/310px-Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg&quot; width=&quot;310&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes.jpg&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj0PSR7ohttw-r87ALdAluc0iBpnA&quot; title=&quot;Increase&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt; Male Hawfinch.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt; Typically, the Hawfinch breeding and living during the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primavera&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg8vi4oLt2fBSyJw6jKF47NZeLpwQ&quot; title=&quot;Spring&quot;&gt;spring&lt;/a&gt; in deciduous forests with species of large trees and broadleaf provide them seeds or hard fruits (see &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjkVRVbpdfge6KG52Up_j4yUSF-uQ&quot; title=&quot;Quercus&quot;&gt;oak&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus_ilex&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjgXs4AsWv0vKNBIPebxWRD7myxZg&quot; title=&quot;Quercus ilex&quot;&gt;oak&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgtpJ7pvUdKP4Q-hILevS6nQGwYfg&quot; title=&quot;Fagus&quot;&gt;beech&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraxinus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiATREmd7Qu44XWfNDdrDxVDXMvYw&quot; title=&quot;Fraxinus&quot;&gt;ash&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhKfgLOXjI38c4hUn7dDTXHDjZ49g&quot; title=&quot;Ulmus&quot;&gt;elm&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_%28planta%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg6SlCBEgmZhHf5NBCBSXG5LoOBQg&quot; title=&quot;Acer (plant)&quot;&gt;maple&lt;/a&gt; ) as well as in parks and Gardens large human populations (more rarely).&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Locally also found in mixed and pure forest &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Con%25C3%25ADfera&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi1-owdCiy82WnxiuG8gWSOAnL_QA&quot; title=&quot;Conifer&quot;&gt;conifers&lt;/a&gt; , although the range of its habitat may be even more diverse, pinpointing in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotobosque&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj-FtR76E7H1XV6hSyPMD8_hmGYMw&quot; title=&quot;Understory&quot;&gt;undergrowth&lt;/a&gt; , orchards, or even in open spaces, provided they are not too far from a basic source of water.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; During the autumn and winter, the woods looking to provide you with more food, particularly those with &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpinus_betulus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj_Vm-977WXvWO-iU4sNYJHl0GjMQ&quot; title=&quot;Carpinus betulus&quot;&gt;hornbeam&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prunus_%28subg%25C3%25A9nero%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh_VKB-zfGb7_QQkn3i-cmDXbbnog&quot; title=&quot;Prunus (subgenus)&quot;&gt;plum&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerasus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg8JdqzdK5G2nYQ0vZ8qbYiTRj4ew&quot; title=&quot;Cerasus&quot;&gt;cherry&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxus_baccata&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiq6FPgQj7x8NMbiEGG_VEV2g48LQ&quot; title=&quot;Taxus baccata&quot;&gt;yew&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  In terms of occupation altitudinal habitat, develops hawfinch very  different levels, present from the coastline to altitudes very near the  limit of tree growth.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Population densities of this species are less than 0.1 birds per 10 hectares of habitat, is thus a little bird. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Alimentaci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Food&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span&gt;  Hawfinch diet consists primarily of hard seeds mainly large trees but  also ingest some fruit, which manages to break through their strong  beaks, which in turn driven by a powerful well developed muscles.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 252px;&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjILWg2aBE80GlDH8y_56gYnzySpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;188&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg/250px-Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg&quot; width=&quot;250&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Grubodziob_c_coccothraustes2.jpg&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjILWg2aBE80GlDH8y_56gYnzySpg&quot; title=&quot;Increase&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt; Grosbeak at a feeder in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bytom&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi3S5OhxvRCX5KgR7dN5nir1C44jA&quot; title=&quot;Bytom&quot;&gt;Bytom&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhamsBnyGNiY6utaVRkNbP1GgkjMw&quot; title=&quot;Poland&quot;&gt;Poland&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt;  The crushing force of this little bird is equivalent to a load of 30 to  48 kg approximately, although some authors are more than 50kg.  In this way he succeeded in opening the bones of &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cereza&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjeDk8lvnxfe13Mco7-_blSvlg_Sw&quot; title=&quot;Cherry&quot;&gt;cherry&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celtis_australis&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiLWYNN1AgQTEbITBAlBMFUZzbNbg&quot; title=&quot;Celtis australis&quot;&gt;hackberry&lt;/a&gt; , two of the most common food most covet.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Other common food of this bird are the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%25C3%25B1%25C3%25B3n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgvDYs6t5eAuAG_sC98oHU6czaEaQ&quot; title=&quot;Pinion&quot;&gt;pine nuts&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayuco&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjVvtyi640XvMcWDhpEO8giOaQGjQ&quot; title=&quot;Beechnut&quot;&gt;beechnuts&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; They are also able to break the bones of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceituna&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgT59lcNm0iwwMWzut6W33uppmCbQ&quot; title=&quot;Olive&quot;&gt;olives&lt;/a&gt; , for which action is needed (from tests) forces from 53 to 80 kg.  in their diet also enter certain &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baya&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjat3-p3fWn8bDzwoVulCJlQBUatw&quot; title=&quot;Berry&quot;&gt;berries&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DBrote_%28bot%25C3%25A1nica%29%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhicdf-H4WNyWL6X2Dbgwd3017jdNQ&quot; title=&quot;Outbreak (botany) (not yet written)&quot;&gt;buds&lt;/a&gt; , and during the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primavera&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg8vi4oLt2fBSyJw6jKF47NZeLpwQ&quot; title=&quot;Spring&quot;&gt;spring&lt;/a&gt; , some &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oruga_%28larva%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg_CGEHkOcNc9JWUGTCwEpx993GcQ&quot; title=&quot;Caterpillar (larva)&quot;&gt;caterpillars&lt;/a&gt; that capture. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; The feeding behavior of hawfinch usually form small groups or sides to feed, especially during the winter. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt;  In summary, an essay hawfinch food for more specific, taking into  account the variety of seeds ingested is large, which would be included  during the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verano&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhi-phNO1FHq0q1uEfDi1v1oh3tkA&quot; title=&quot;Summer&quot;&gt;summer&lt;/a&gt; and the start of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invierno&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiik75qPfnlS6YZRFQMbKLoZ_AetA&quot; title=&quot;Winter&quot;&gt;winter&lt;/a&gt; , seeds of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhKfgLOXjI38c4hUn7dDTXHDjZ49g&quot; title=&quot;Ulmus&quot;&gt;elm&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpinus_betulus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj_Vm-977WXvWO-iU4sNYJHl0GjMQ&quot; title=&quot;Carpinus betulus&quot;&gt;hornbeam&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_%28planta%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg6SlCBEgmZhHf5NBCBSXG5LoOBQg&quot; title=&quot;Acer (plant)&quot;&gt;maple&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgtpJ7pvUdKP4Q-hILevS6nQGwYfg&quot; title=&quot;Fagus&quot;&gt;there&lt;/a&gt; ; during the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto%25C3%25B1o&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgQRBn_wzPFQJgAnzEh5zmO_RGHbA&quot; title=&quot;Fall&quot;&gt;autumn&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invierno&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiik75qPfnlS6YZRFQMbKLoZ_AetA&quot; title=&quot;Winter&quot;&gt;winter&lt;/a&gt; the fruits of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgHqkpY8NnQSnaJUMTSKfN5rYe4lg&quot; title=&quot;Pink&quot;&gt;rose&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_canina&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiYRxYSWzigeF5t7zyRpiCF5JfRZA&quot; title=&quot;Rosa canina&quot;&gt;rosehips&lt;/a&gt; , and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crataegus_monogyna&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj_Zxw3eZAFKerTjAVv-p9JTUUVpA&quot; title=&quot;Crataegus monogyna&quot;&gt;hawthorn&lt;/a&gt; , and the end of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invierno&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiik75qPfnlS6YZRFQMbKLoZ_AetA&quot; title=&quot;Winter&quot;&gt;winter&lt;/a&gt; the tender shoots of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quercus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjkVRVbpdfge6KG52Up_j4yUSF-uQ&quot; title=&quot;Quercus&quot;&gt;oak&lt;/a&gt; and the shoots of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjPfuSlKLwqHtwTXQm7v-0klTQZWQ&quot; title=&quot;Taxus&quot;&gt;yew&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; With the arrival of spring caterpillars eat some located in the leaves of trees, such as the &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DOperophthera_brumata%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhtLSQnkqednKcxADiCqsFJWSd7DQ&quot; title=&quot;Operophthera brumata (not yet written)&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Operophthera brumata&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tortrix_viridana&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjCHvIMWatRmurTC__h1mT4n_0EUw&quot; title=&quot;Tortrix viridana&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Tortrix viridana&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and also hunt some beetles ( &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucanus_cervus&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhihGmfpqwpLesjFwxTJrNf__dja-A&quot; title=&quot;Lucanus cervus&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lucanus cervus&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; or &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DMelolontha%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjXGjNj26lO0-pD4BAyDAFp-V812g&quot; title=&quot;Melolontha (not yet written)&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Melolontha&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; ). &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Reproducci.C3.B3n&quot;&gt;Reproduction&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span&gt; In &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abril&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhJasO8M2QqxOtrP_vtwNGWmE_g9g&quot; title=&quot;April&quot;&gt;April&lt;/a&gt; begins the breeding season the Hawfinch, comprising the laying of this species about 4-6 eggs and produce from &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abril&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhJasO8M2QqxOtrP_vtwNGWmE_g9g&quot; title=&quot;April&quot;&gt;April&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhPYFI6bXeDcXa5LM4hoYl2ouQHkQ&quot; title=&quot;May&quot;&gt;May&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incubaci%25C3%25B3n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhii5PiVWYocl5wO1_Ukcu8_JGR_8g&quot; title=&quot;Incubation&quot;&gt;incubation&lt;/a&gt; is carried out only by the female (the male provides the food), and lasts about 12 days.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; They often breed in small colonies.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Present a single set per year, although very favorable habitats could be two.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Cortejo_nupcial&quot;&gt;wedding party&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;span&gt; As described by &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DGuy_Mountfort%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiXpGZSwgNr8mZunYWkX8B3A-ztXA&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt; , the males present during an early spring &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumaje&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjLIWm8pH67pMvoigDK7IlDO457xg&quot; title=&quot;Plumage&quot;&gt;plumage&lt;/a&gt; rich and fluffy, and is then ready for the approach to the female, resulting in a lie and zigzag.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; A female often hostile reception, so that males should appear pushy.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  When you reach the attention of the female, the male places the body  very straight, displays tail feathers of the wings up and down with  their ends touching the ground.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  That&#39;s when the female begins to feel interest, and displays smooth  bending with feathers and skin-tight, and later move, either jump or  short flight, being followed by the male.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  Then the male takes his beak into the belly as if making a bow, showing  the gray area that has the plumage of the nape of the neck.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  Finally to close the courtship, the male spreads its wings and walks  toward the female, which lengthens the peak for the male with his  penalties come to touch him. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Nido&quot;&gt;Nest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;span&gt; Nesting begins in late &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abril&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhJasO8M2QqxOtrP_vtwNGWmE_g9g&quot; title=&quot;April&quot;&gt;April&lt;/a&gt; or early &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhPYFI6bXeDcXa5LM4hoYl2ouQHkQ&quot; title=&quot;May&quot;&gt;May&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The male is where anyone looking to start building the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nido&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhpiKf3Nd1t6cMKkpRuCKJb-BjiRQ&quot; title=&quot;Nest&quot;&gt;nest&lt;/a&gt;  , and will do so carefully, repeatedly visiting the area chosen the  weeks before the start of construction, until they finally decide to put  the first structures of the nest while the female who will be to  complete.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The materials used are basically rootlets, fine stems, lichens, etc.., Coating the inside with hairs.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Its shape is cup.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  They build the nest at a variable height, hardly less than 3 m, usually  located between 7 and 20 m, in large trees and in old orchards, but  also in leafy bushes. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Huevo&quot;&gt;Egg&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;span&gt; The setting is usually hawfinch about 4 to 6 &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huevos_de_aves&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjxJ2vfmIVQyrJ1uJT-ZjTbTmbJRw&quot; title=&quot;Bird Eggs&quot;&gt;eggs&lt;/a&gt;  , and the most common hatch 5, although the implementation may even  consist of 7 eggs (by contrast, placed less than 4 eggs are very rare).   of various colors, can be described in light blue or gray-green, all in  shades of pale, sometimes only gray, but always with stains and spots  in shades of brown and blackish.  With regard to size, according to studies &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornit%25C3%25B3logo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgP6a7NpBJDkVQb5MsmxYRWCL7ZjQ&quot; title=&quot;Ornithologist&quot;&gt;ornithologist&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjifeXegauknHYWYG1lhDKLtGzyGQ&quot; title=&quot;United Kingdom&quot;&gt;British&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DFrancis_Charles_Robert_Jourdain%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhkP_AClxzk-ERXPp82xo1EzXPd2w&quot; title=&quot;Francis Charles Robert Jourdain (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Jourdain&lt;/a&gt; , performed based on 100 eggs hawfinch the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjifeXegauknHYWYG1lhDKLtGzyGQ&quot; title=&quot;United Kingdom&quot;&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/a&gt; , will present a 24&#39;2 x measures 17.4 mm on average, with a 27&#39;6 x 17&#39;1 maximum mm and a 19&#39;8 x 15&#39;7 minimum mm. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Polluelos&quot;&gt;Chicks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h3&gt;&lt;span&gt; At birth, devoid of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumaje&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjLIWm8pH67pMvoigDK7IlDO457xg&quot; title=&quot;Plumage&quot;&gt;feathers&lt;/a&gt; , have a rich and long white down.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;  It describes the oral cavity and tongue pink, with the front of the  palate of red on a purple, are also seen whitish protrusions.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; As for the corners, we can see the color &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarillo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhivdLoTmYb75OVxtm_V0bGHrfutLw&quot; title=&quot;Yellow&quot;&gt;yellow&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The diet of the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polluelo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjtDowWcx_McUeGKCUAKrlYLWbD0w&quot; title=&quot;Chick&quot;&gt;chicks&lt;/a&gt; is based on &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecto&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgYgDlXmtUKDxQQu8bFq_bTF4lzFQ&quot; title=&quot;Insect&quot;&gt;insects&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oruga_%28larva%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg_CGEHkOcNc9JWUGTCwEpx993GcQ&quot; title=&quot;Caterpillar (larva)&quot;&gt;caterpillars&lt;/a&gt; , which will be provided by the father and mother.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; They leave the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nido&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhpiKf3Nd1t6cMKkpRuCKJb-BjiRQ&quot; title=&quot;Nest&quot;&gt;nest&lt;/a&gt; to the ten or twelve days or so, even if it is attended by both adults for at least another two weeks. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Voz&quot;&gt;Voice&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span&gt; Presents a weak voice, that seems like a kind of explosive &lt;i&gt;zic,&lt;/i&gt; also described as a metal &lt;i&gt;tsicc,&lt;/i&gt; or sometimes as a &lt;i&gt;TISC TISC&lt;/i&gt; repeated at irregular intervals.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; More noise in flight.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; It also issues &lt;i&gt;short-sib&lt;/i&gt; gently while moving among the branches. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; His time of &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canto_de_las_aves&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhio6TqrYZgoWzhh_SNATLrB7OEFKA&quot; title=&quot;Birdsong&quot;&gt;singing&lt;/a&gt; ranges from February through early June.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Sing little, makes a similar edge to his voice base, being short and poorly designed with little notes.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Is played by &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DBernard_William_Tucker%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjmn8Ov3Npn1it4THa_FXzhpkvzZA&quot; title=&quot;Bernard William Tucker (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Tucker&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DEdward_Max_Nicholson%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhuXMNRwEIV1AAcA0Hq-JGZCl8tqQ&quot; title=&quot;Edward Max Nicholson (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Nicholson&lt;/a&gt; as a &lt;i&gt;Chi-Chi ...&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;i&gt;ter-ui-ui,&lt;/i&gt; although variations are described and most melodious sound but fairly basic. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; Sometimes some specimens also sing out of time, &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DGuy_Mountfort%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiXpGZSwgNr8mZunYWkX8B3A-ztXA&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt; says observations of male singing a January 16, 20 July and 16 September. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; Although females also sing, make you more weakly.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; In the altered state launches a hissing &lt;i&gt;Kiu,&lt;/i&gt; and the subject in hand &lt;i&gt;srriiit&lt;/i&gt; Launches more pervasive and guttural.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Vuelo&quot;&gt;Flight&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span&gt; The Hawfinch has a &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuelo&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgPH34Rp8PhUKDQ_Pr0rSPXuMgEhA&quot; title=&quot;Flight&quot;&gt;flying&lt;/a&gt; fast and straight path over short distances, even over long distances in air describes a ripple marked and regular.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Being on the ground while foraging range hopping, and fly to hide in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581rbol&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjjZiRR2xg7q6oTDmFjKiQ-XXHuNA&quot; title=&quot;Tree&quot;&gt;trees&lt;/a&gt; to a minimum when they sense any &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peligro&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj4Qpo4wAtwo9YH5ylBKwFy3SZIUA&quot; title=&quot;Danger&quot;&gt;danger&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; During the spring are captured &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insecto&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgYgDlXmtUKDxQQu8bFq_bTF4lzFQ&quot; title=&quot;Insect&quot;&gt;insects&lt;/a&gt; even in flight.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; The &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisiognom%25C3%25ADa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjuQ5mpTv9J9erxGkhGnLV1oHHAog&quot; title=&quot;Physiognomy&quot;&gt;physiognomy&lt;/a&gt; of hawfinch does a bird in flight characteristic silhouette, giving the sensation of having some &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ala_%28zoolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhjNkjtHxYm4hFy-U819AqYioAE7w&quot; title=&quot;Ala (zoology)&quot;&gt;wings&lt;/a&gt; too short for such a robust body also shows the white flight from the tip of its tail.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; In their movement from one tree to another, or moving from forest to forest, flying at altitudes above 50 and 100 &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjTZLGVITupGQgKRENi3RM852ljNQ&quot; title=&quot;Meter&quot;&gt;meters&lt;/a&gt; , making it even more commonly than 200 meters.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; They can fly solo or in small groups. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Poblaci.C3.B3n.2C_estado_de_conservaci.C3.B3n_y_amenazas&quot;&gt;Population Status and Threats&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumb tright&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;thumbinner&quot; style=&quot;width: 282px;&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;image&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhioJJQRtqUps3YAlEOtpBwuePAvqA&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; class=&quot;thumbimage&quot; height=&quot;450&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG/280px-Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG&quot; width=&quot;280&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class=&quot;thumbcaption&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;magnify&quot;&gt; &lt;a class=&quot;internal&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_04.JPG&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhioJJQRtqUps3YAlEOtpBwuePAvqA&quot; title=&quot;Increase&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;11&quot; src=&quot;http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.18/common/images/magnify-clip.png&quot; width=&quot;15&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt; Grosbeak perched on a branch.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span&gt;  It features a large world population and, although they have not  quantified the global trends of this population, as determined by the &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_Roja_%28zoolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiz-47rNDA9f2H2T1u2bZLMbuXN6w&quot; title=&quot;Red List (zoology)&quot;&gt;IUCN Red List&lt;/a&gt; can be assured that there will be a decrease of over 30% in ten years or three generations. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/BirdLife_International&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg-gr0QSY8Eejeu7yNbSLhDnbkzig&quot; title=&quot;BirdLife International&quot;&gt;BirdLife International&lt;/a&gt; estimated population &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2hPtKTT8xfuRoXt0Q1ofJk2Inig&quot; title=&quot;Europe&quot;&gt;European&lt;/a&gt; and 4&#39;1 from 2.4 million breeding pairs.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; In &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%25C3%25B1a&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgtaxHUAq1GJMbyz06AtBLUJ4yz-A&quot; title=&quot;Spain&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt; , according &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Purroy&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgpeO_Pm-rlQr4_GSx6hthG5xRqcA&quot; title=&quot;Francisco Purroy&quot;&gt;Purroy&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgZ3TeVQkErLzX7jO-9rUUD1fOkmQ&quot; title=&quot;1997&quot;&gt;1997&lt;/a&gt; , the population of this species was about 4000 or 5000 breeding pairs.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; This finding is supported by the &lt;i&gt;Atlas of breeding birds in Spain,&lt;/i&gt; in the year &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhkJXU9DhKMGXyCuu-rwu2Z312J8A&quot; title=&quot;2003&quot;&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt; targets a population of nearly about 5000 pairs.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; According to some data from the program &lt;i&gt;SACRE,&lt;/i&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiFs4eb0jQP26Pk64hc9HvIssWzig&quot; title=&quot;2005&quot;&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt; the Spanish population trend is increasing. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; Globally the species is not included, according to the revision in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj1zxazHTa__y-YPWmsF4SmTXeKWQ&quot; title=&quot;1996&quot;&gt;1996&lt;/a&gt; , the &lt;i&gt;&lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_Roja_%28zoolog%25C3%25ADa%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiz-47rNDA9f2H2T1u2bZLMbuXN6w&quot; title=&quot;Red List (zoology)&quot;&gt;Red List&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni%25C3%25B3n_Internacional_para_la_Conservaci%25C3%25B3n_de_la_Naturaleza&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhglAzfBUNaYxMza_g9BBnXHWhNK3A&quot; title=&quot;International Union for Conservation of Nature&quot;&gt;IUCN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; Since &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjdYorhfMVj9AvZuLlNY-WXf7fwmg&quot; title=&quot;1988&quot;&gt;1988&lt;/a&gt; , when the species was listed first by &lt;i&gt;Collar&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Andrew,&lt;/i&gt; the Hawfinch is a species whose conservation status is Least Concern &lt;i&gt;(LC, Least Concern),&lt;/i&gt; and so would be listed in future revisions by &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/BirdLife_International&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg-gr0QSY8Eejeu7yNbSLhDnbkzig&quot; title=&quot;BirdLife International&quot;&gt;BirdLife International&lt;/a&gt; , from the first in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhisMZ6qXe7zUGlCV8m_yI7qG-VZQA&quot; title=&quot;2000&quot;&gt;2000&lt;/a&gt; to that of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiH-0GJxDooF7oCZ3sCaUqzBWCy1Q&quot; title=&quot;2008&quot;&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; In &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%25C3%25B1a&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgtaxHUAq1GJMbyz06AtBLUJ4yz-A&quot; title=&quot;Spain&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt; the Hawfinch has since &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhp7bHoGNn5Szju34guYxrVnRqfrw&quot; title=&quot;1992&quot;&gt;1992&lt;/a&gt; as a non-endangered &lt;i&gt;species&lt;/i&gt; in the &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DLibro_Rojo_de_los_Vertebrados_de_Espa%25C3%25B1a%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhoYzEhC1mkE49KRqXn_LCylA0oTg&quot; title=&quot;Red Book of Vertebrates in Spain (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Red Book of Vertebrates&lt;/a&gt; , showing the status of species &lt;i&gt;of special concern&lt;/i&gt; since &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_de_abril&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgj8tNIZci3WP5vDJ9O_F8TNhEAnw&quot; title=&quot;April 5&quot;&gt;April 5&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhTH15Q0okXnUyu39_ZwWWak3K1sA&quot; title=&quot;1990&quot;&gt;1990&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;i&gt;Royal Decree 439/1990,&lt;/i&gt; coinciding with all regional catalogs exception of the Basque Country, is a &lt;i&gt;Vulnerable&lt;/i&gt; species since &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj1zxazHTa__y-YPWmsF4SmTXeKWQ&quot; title=&quot;1996&quot;&gt;1996&lt;/a&gt; . &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; Threat factors are basically the hawfinch destruction and loss of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%25C3%25A1bitat&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjGa17981y4ahgv77oD9KzBMoK04g&quot; title=&quot;Habitat&quot;&gt;habitat&lt;/a&gt; , since it is a very sensitive to changes in it.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Another possible factor of threat, according to the &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCat%25C3%25A1logo_Nacional_de_Especies_Amenazadas%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgilv6R5ru7ugjDTUXWBLBoRsgmmQ&quot; title=&quot;National Catalogue of Endangered Species (not yet written)&quot;&gt;National Catalogue of Endangered Species&lt;/a&gt; , is hunting for birders, and even hunting rifle also by hunters. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Comportamiento&quot;&gt;Behavior&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;span&gt; The Hawfinch is a shy species and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comportamiento_de_huida&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgCVzD0Eg50VqSdA_CGEGfWg666DQ&quot; title=&quot;Escape behavior&quot;&gt;elusive&lt;/a&gt; , is thus a difficult bird &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turismo_ornitol%25C3%25B3gico&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj9ID6-MfValkHaPA2tfDIpo5aj9g&quot; title=&quot;Ornithological tourism&quot;&gt;to observe&lt;/a&gt; .&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; With good weather and optimal climatic conditions vary their behavior, as this is the time it becomes more visible.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; He spends his life in the &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhqJ5JAZ8-NsCWUSZ0vRjccnl0ZsA&quot; title=&quot;Branch&quot;&gt;branches&lt;/a&gt; of trees higher in those poses, especially in breeding season, at which point it becomes more difficult to study their habits.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt; Throughout his life, almost down to the ground only when it goes in search of &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semilla&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiLTjAYtrdfV04Jfaie5F5Ju9S5Pw&quot; title=&quot;Seed&quot;&gt;seeds&lt;/a&gt;  , action that rarely moves away over the tree, but can also be observed  more easily when you have to drink, and as a bird who prefers not to  stay too long on land, the Hawfinch needs to develop its life in areas  with a clear proximity of water. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt;  By eating and drinking with other birds, the Hawfinch is aggressive and  dominant, both copies of the same species as those of others even  larger. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span&gt; The &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorio_%28animal%29&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiaQoAaN3shqDno61OSD1HI_NLoeg&quot; title=&quot;Territory (animal)&quot;&gt;territoriality&lt;/a&gt;  is variable, so that if the couples are raising hawfinch in small  colonies, as often happens, the territory defended by each pair is very  small, but when the pair is not nesting colonies with others, it can  occupy and defend to a &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosque&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgLsoXjmgs0U6TYqwe1oHd8BA5V4g&quot; title=&quot;Forest&quot;&gt;forest&lt;/a&gt; -wide.  According to &lt;a class=&quot;new&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DGuy_Mountfort%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiXpGZSwgNr8mZunYWkX8B3A-ztXA&quot; title=&quot;Guy Mountfort (not yet written)&quot;&gt;Mountfort&lt;/a&gt;  , the behavior of established breeding colonies is a much greater  survival value, since nest together with the group of couples that this  implies, provides a greater ability to defend against &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depredaci%25C3%25B3n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhRGNnu8d7viYmGjdBP23D5MttpSQ&quot; title=&quot;Predation&quot;&gt;predators&lt;/a&gt; to the nest. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2&gt; &lt;span&gt; &lt;span class=&quot;editsection&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;mw-headline&quot; id=&quot;Miscel.C3.A1nea&quot;&gt;Miscellaneous&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/h2&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; The Hawfinch can live up to 5 years. &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; Besides the common name &lt;i&gt;hawfinch,&lt;/i&gt; this species receives other names in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%25C3%25B1a&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgtaxHUAq1GJMbyz06AtBLUJ4yz-A&quot; title=&quot;Spain&quot;&gt;Spain&lt;/a&gt; and in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_catal%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgJhmD99skWyj4SOTT8AjEHRiuGKQ&quot; title=&quot;Catalan Language&quot;&gt;Catalonia&lt;/a&gt; will &lt;i&gt;durbec&lt;/i&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valenciano&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjRrqkKPsMKNuAWchs98pTv112OiQ&quot; title=&quot;Valencian&quot;&gt;Valencia&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;trencapinyols&lt;/i&gt; in &lt;a class=&quot;mw-redirect&quot; href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallego&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhi2qfpIMpfd-NdsHEIGBgAZelir8A&quot; title=&quot;Galician&quot;&gt;Galician&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;bicogroso&lt;/i&gt; in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasco&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjH75a-uWXUgNUvfooDyECqidfXWg&quot; title=&quot;Basque&quot;&gt;Basque&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;Mokolodi,&lt;/i&gt; and in &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaluc%25C3%25ADa&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgwBrV-PPuk9H_f4_638078w5Jo0A&quot; title=&quot;Andalusia&quot;&gt;Andalusia&lt;/a&gt; is known as &lt;i&gt;Nutcracker.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt; &lt;span&gt; In &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjvq1sW08BMZTE_BuPYvfiZmp9NIg&quot; title=&quot;Albania&quot;&gt;Albania&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25A9lgica&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgZOTXTaxQZ1re6EfPb4NRxe72Sdg&quot; title=&quot;Belgium&quot;&gt;Belgium&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bielorrusia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhaV7xRSGchsRrTHqrPA3rHhhXOKg&quot; title=&quot;Belarus&quot;&gt;Belarus&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhih3a7kNY8GrHGFwJiuZ3F1QfJwvw&quot; title=&quot;Bulgaria&quot;&gt;Bulgaria&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checoslovaquia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhgppfkeH9SiMajdC6AdUse-AYIA9Q&quot; title=&quot;Czechoslovakia&quot;&gt;Czechoslovakia&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhiclFYcAhjPH-9XzHT_SG6IegcZLg&quot; title=&quot;Georgia&quot;&gt;Georgia&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%25C3%25A1n&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg18R8KIsbfJd-TWt_IAbJDK2-lsQ&quot; title=&quot;Iran&quot;&gt;Iran&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhg_p0h5SvAePaIwLbRwrkiLviqOFw&quot; title=&quot;Mongolia&quot;&gt;Mongolia&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%25C3%25ADses_Bajos&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhj-OKMiz848kJKY0cEdT9IPplxklg&quot; title=&quot;Netherlands&quot;&gt;Netherlands&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polonia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhhamsBnyGNiY6utaVRkNbP1GgkjMw&quot; title=&quot;Poland&quot;&gt;Poland&lt;/a&gt; , &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suecia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhh89li23k4WqdnxMYRdkB6W6Z8L6A&quot; title=&quot;Sweden&quot;&gt;Sweden&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&quot;http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=ro&amp;amp;rurl=translate.google.ro&amp;amp;sl=es&amp;amp;tl=en&amp;amp;twu=1&amp;amp;u=http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslavia&amp;amp;usg=ALkJrhjfu6lXjpdf5ZmtCsStTUo_nwk03w&quot; title=&quot;Yugoslavia&quot;&gt;Yugoslavia&lt;/a&gt; have issued stamps dedicated to hawfinch. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/6414805032612620338/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/hawfinch-coccothraustes-coccothraustes.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6414805032612620338'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6414805032612620338'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/hawfinch-coccothraustes-coccothraustes.html' title='Hawfinch - Coccothraustes Coccothraustes'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-3400076984611445157</id><published>2011-11-09T19:54:00.000+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-09T19:54:36.989+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodaco MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><title type='text'>CARPODACO MESSICANO</title><content type='html'>&lt;hr /&gt;             &lt;span class=&quot;postbody&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;KonaBody&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8c/The_housefinches.jpg&quot; width=&quot;232&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il Carpodaco messicano (Carpodacus mexicanus Muller, 1776) č un uccello americano della famiglia dei fringillidi. &lt;br /&gt;
Ne sono riconosciute oltre una decina di sottospecie, tra cui possiamo ricordare : &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus amplus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus anconophila &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus centralis &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus clementis &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus coccineus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus frontalis &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus griscomi &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus mcgregori &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus mexicanus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus potosinus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus rhodocolpus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus rhodopnus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus roseipectus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus ruberrimus &lt;br /&gt;
Carpodacus mexicanus solitudinus &lt;br /&gt;
Distribuzione e habitat [modifica] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Questo volatile vive nelle Americhe, per la precisione lo si puň trovare nei territori che vanno dal Canada al Messico. &lt;br /&gt;
Č molto comune, la sua presenza in quelle zone č paragonabile a quella  dei comuni passeri nelle nostre zone, č addirittura considerato dannoso  per i problemi che crea alle varie colture di cereali e agli alberi da  frutto (il C.mexicanus si ciba dei germogli di queste piante). Lo si puň  trovare praticamente in tutti gli ambienti che caratterizzano i suoi  areali di diffusione. &lt;br /&gt;
Caratterictiche fisiche  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il C.mexicanus misura circa 14 cm di lunghezza, la livrea nei maschi č  caratterizzata da una livrea per la maggior parte di colore bruno, ad  esclusione di sopraccigli, gola, petto e codione che sono di colore  rosso, tinta che va ad intensificarsi durante il periodo di estro. La  femmina, a differenza del maschio, non presenta il lipocromo rosso. &lt;br /&gt;
Comportamento  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In natura č un animale piuttosto pacifico, spesso si possono osservare  stormi di Carpodacus mexicanus assieme ad altri Fringillidi. Volatile  gregario per tutta la durata dell&#39;anno. &lt;br /&gt;
In cattivitŕ sono molto apprezzate le femmine di questa specie in  quanto, spesso, sono utilizzate come balie per specie piů delicate, meno  ben visti sono i maschi per il loro carattere molto aggressivo durante  l&#39;estro, ma molto apprezzato per l&#39;alta percentuale di uova feconde che  puň dare sia in purezza che in ibridazione &lt;br /&gt;
Riproduzione  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Inizia la cova a maggio e depone 4-6 uova verdognole o blu-verdastre. In  cattivitŕ il suo periodo di riproduzione coincide con quello del  canarino domestico. &lt;br /&gt;
Alimentazione &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Animale generalmente granivoro anche se durante il periodo della  riproduzione non disdegna qualche insetto. Nell&#39;allevamento in cattivitŕ  l&#39;alimentazione di questo fringillide č del tutto simile a quella dei  comuni canarini. &lt;br /&gt;
Stato di conservazione  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Risente del disboscamento, della caccia e dell&#39;inquinamento. &lt;br /&gt;
Rapporti con l&#39;uomo  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ormai da diversi anni viene allevato in cattivitŕ con ottimo successo.  Negli ultimi anni sono state fissate diverse mutazioni di colore su  questo fringillide, feomelanico (o rubino), torba, diluito, opale e la  piů recente topazio diluito, suddette mutazioni sono tutte a  trasmissione autosomica recessiva. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Giovane maschio di carpodaco &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/House-finch-male.jpeg/556px-House-finch-male.jpeg&quot; width=&quot;296&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Maschio di carpodaco &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;195&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/MaleHouseFinch.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Femmina di carpodaco &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;290&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/FemalHouseFinch.jpg/661px-FemalHouseFinch.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/3400076984611445157/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/carpodaco-messicano.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3400076984611445157'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3400076984611445157'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/carpodaco-messicano.html' title='CARPODACO MESSICANO'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-78260073566416781</id><published>2011-11-07T20:43:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-07T20:43:58.142+02:00</updated><title type='text'>ORGANETTO (carduelis flammea)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;postbody&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;KonaBody&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;240&quot; src=&quot;http://img40.imagefra.me/img/img40/7/8/28/akitainu/f_vvrud6l84om_c7567de.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gli organetti (Carduelis flammea, Linnaeus 1758) sono dei simpatici e  colorati Fringillidi, che si possono trovare nelle regioni italiane,  oltre che in Europa, Asia, America del nord, quasi identico č il  bellissimo organetto artico (Carduelis hornemanni), in cui i colori  bruni, si perdono nel bianco. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
DISTRIBUZIONE E HABITAT &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il Carduelis flammea flammea si trova in Scandinavia, Russia, e  repubbliche del Baltico, l&#39;organetto minore (Carduelis cabaret) si trova  dalle Isole Britanniche, Danimarca, Belgio, Francia del nord, Germania,  Svizzera e le nostre Alpi, l&#39;organetto maggiore (Carduelis rostrata)  risiede in Groenlandia, infine l&#39;organetto d&#39;Islanda (Carduelis  islandica) č stazionario in Islanda. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
SISTEMATICA &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fino a qualche tempo fa era classificato con gli Acanthis, ma recenti  studi lo hanno portato insieme ai fanelli nel genere dei Carduelis. Se  ne conoscono quattro sottospecie, anche se recenti studi stanno cercando  di fare del Carduelis flammea cabaret una specie a parte. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MORFOLOGIA &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
L&#39;organetto presenta un piumaggio bruno variegato di nero, con presenza  di lipocromo rosso sulla calottina in entrambi i sessi, mentre nel solo  sesso maschile dal secondo anno di vita il lipocromo rosso si presenta  anche sull&#39;alto petto. Le dimensioni variano da una sottospecie  all&#39;altra, la piů grande č la rostrata e la piů piccola la cabaret. Un  segno distintivo dell&#39;organetto č il tipico pizzetto nero. Il becco č di  colore giallo fiammato di scuro. Mediamente misura 13 cm di lunghezza. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
RIPRODUZIONE &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In genere costruisce il nido tra conifere e cespugli, deponendo dalle 3 alle 6 uova, che si schiudono dopo 13 giorni. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ALIMENTAZIONE &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il cibo preferito č formato da semi di Conifere e Betulle, ma appetisce anche i capolini delle Asteracee. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ALLEVAMENTO &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In cattivitŕ sono state selezionate numerose mutazioni che differiscono  dalla specie ancestrale per la differenza cromatica della livrea,  attualmente sono riconosciute: la bruno, la scuro, la pastello, la  diluito e la feomelanica, a queste si aggiungono le interazioni ottenute  mediante le loro combinazioni: bruno pastello, bruno diluito, bruno  scuro, pastello scuro e diluito scuro. &lt;br /&gt;
Tutti gli organetti vengono allevati in cattivitŕ e riprodotti con  successo dall&#39;uomo come uccelli ornamentali, ma ultimamente anche per la  reintroduzione in natura. &lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/78260073566416781/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/organetto-carduelis-flammea.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/78260073566416781'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/78260073566416781'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/organetto-carduelis-flammea.html' title='ORGANETTO (carduelis flammea)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-1708872932785190884</id><published>2011-11-06T17:44:00.000+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-06T17:44:24.348+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><title type='text'>Il Frosone</title><content type='html'>&lt;hr /&gt;             &lt;span class=&quot;postbody&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;KonaBody&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;209&quot; src=&quot;http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Coccothraustes_coccothraustes_1_%28Marek_Szczepanek%29.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il Frosone (Coccothraustes coccothraustes Linnaeus, 1758) č un uccello  della famiglia dei fringillidi, č possibile incontrarlo in quasi tutti i  continenti. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ne sono conosciute 6 sottospecie: &lt;br /&gt;
Coccothraustes coccothraustes coccothraustes &lt;br /&gt;
Coccothraustes coccothraustes buvryi &lt;br /&gt;
Coccothraustes coccothraustes nigricans &lt;br /&gt;
Coccothraustes coccothraustes humii &lt;br /&gt;
Coccothraustes coccothraustes japonicus &lt;br /&gt;
Coccothraustes coccothraustes schulpini &lt;br /&gt;
Aspetti morfologici  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tipico il grande becco di colore blu metallico nei periodi in cui va in  riproduzione, che diventa giallastro nei periodi di riposo ed invernale.  Tra i fringillidi č il piů grande, infatti anche se ha una coda corta,  puň raggiungere i 17 cm di lunghezza, ed i 60 grammi di peso. Il  dimorfismo sessuale non č abbastanza evidente per un occhio non esperto,  comunque i colori della femmina sono molto piů sbiaditi. Il colore di  fondo č il marrone, con cappuccio di colore nocciola e fascia grigia  intorno al collo, ha pizzo e mustacchi neri, ali neri con fascia bianca,  ventre bianco. &lt;br /&gt;
Distribuzione e habitat  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Il frosone č distribuito in quasi tutti i continenti, infatti tranne  l&#39;Australia, e rare apparizioni nel Nord-america, č possibile osservarlo  in natura in tutta Europa, Asia, e migrando nelle regioni calde  d&#39;inverno, anche in Africa del Nord. Frequenta boschi e frutteti, dove  puň trovare i suoi cibi preferiti, e nidificare. In Italia nidifica  nelle zone montagnose, quindi sulle Alpi ed Appenino. &lt;br /&gt;
Č specie protetta in base alla legge sulla caccia 157/92 pertanto chi  abbatte cattura o detiene tale esemplare va incontro a una sanzione  penale e al pagamento di un&#39;ammenda fino a euro 1549,00. &lt;br /&gt;
Alimentazione &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Come tutti i granivori si nutre di semi, ma rispetto ad altri  fringillidi mangia gemme fresche e molta frutta, come ciliegie, di cui  spolpa anche il nocciolo. &lt;br /&gt;
Nomi regionali &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Calabria spingiůni &lt;br /&gt;
Campania frusňn, biecc-fort &lt;br /&gt;
Emilia-Romagna zaca pgnul &lt;br /&gt;
Friuli-Venezia Giulia frisňt &lt;br /&gt;
Marche paccaňsse &lt;br /&gt;
Puglia frengeddone &lt;br /&gt;
Umbria Frosone &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;281&quot; src=&quot;http://www.migratoria.it/public/uploadswp/editor/image/hawfinch-3086.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;http://www.forthebirds.it/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/frosone.jpg&quot; /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;213&quot; src=&quot;http://www.pbase.com/dophoto/image/122855160.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/1708872932785190884/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/il-frosone.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/1708872932785190884'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/1708872932785190884'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/il-frosone.html' title='Il Frosone'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-6314630718047556278</id><published>2011-11-05T22:35:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T22:43:00.969+02:00</updated><title type='text'>Il Verdone</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;http://i701.photobucket.com/albums/ww11/Serin-Serinia/Carduelis%20Album/CarduelisChlorisGreenfinch.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 388px; height: 348px;&quot; src=&quot;http://i701.photobucket.com/albums/ww11/Serin-Serinia/Carduelis%20Album/CarduelisChlorisGreenfinch.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;postbody&quot;&gt;l Verdone č diffuso in tutta Italia: č molto  diffuso anche da noi, poiché č un uccello stanziale. Preferisce  stabilirsi in tutti quei territori , dove vi č una ricca vegetazione, ma  non predilige le foreste estese, non č raro vederlo vivere nei pressi  delle abitazioni, come giardini o i parchi delle cittŕ, che comunque gli  garantiscono una fonte di cibo. Misura circa 14 cm e presenta un  piumaggio verde, con le ali e la coda macchiettate di giallo. Il maschio  ha piumaggio color verde scuro, groppone giallastro ventre e petto  verde chiaro, le timoniere sono marginate di giallo. La femmina ha  colori meno intensi, livrea bruna con leggerissime sfumature giallastre.  Il periodo d&#39;accoppiamento č compreso tra la fine d&#39;aprile e l&#39;inizio  d&#39;agosto: il comportamento amoroso č molto simile al fringuello: sulla  cima di piante d&#39;alto fusto,emette il suo canto delimitando il  territorio; il nido viene fatto con fili d&#39;erba, muschio, foglie e  radici mentre l&#39;interno č rivestito di crini e piume; e&#39; costruito su  alberi (molto raramente nei cespugli) ben mimetizzato. Terminata la  costruzione del nido, la femmina vi depone cinque uova di colore  biancastro con macchioline rosse, per tre covate a stagione; particolare  molto curioso: la femmina non abbandona mai il nido per i 14 giorni  della cova, č il maschio che si preoccupa di nutrire la compagna per  tutta la durata dell&#39;incubazione. Alla schiusa i piccoli sono nutriti da  entrambi i genitori, mediante semi e piccoli insetti, i piccoli restano  nel nido circa due settimane, mentre diventano completamente  indipendenti solo dopo altre due settimane. L&#39;alimentazione di base del  verdone č costituita da semi, soprattutto quelli oleosi, ma non disdegna  bacche, piccoli insetti e frutta. I verdoni non si lasciano intimorire  dall&#39;uomo, pertanto vengono anche allevati in cattivitŕ, dove si  riproducono abbastanza facilmente. &lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/6314630718047556278/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/il-verdone.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6314630718047556278'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6314630718047556278'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/il-verdone.html' title='Il Verdone'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://i701.photobucket.com/albums/ww11/Serin-Serinia/Carduelis%20Album/th_CarduelisChlorisGreenfinch.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-4122236798353687908</id><published>2011-11-05T22:26:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T22:30:11.440+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><title type='text'>FLORINTELE (CARDUELIS CHLORIS)</title><content type='html'>Florintele -carduelis chloris-face parte din familia fringilide si se imparte in 5 subspecii:&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis chloris chloris se gaseste in Europa&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis chloris aurantiiventris se gaseste in N Africii si Insulele Azore&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis chloris chlorotica se gaseste in orientul Mijlociu&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis chloris madaraszi se gaseste in Insulele Corsica si Sardinia&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis chloris turkestanus se gaseste in Iran si Caucaz&lt;br /&gt;Acest fringilid cu corpul masiv a fost introdus cu succes in Oceania si in America de Sud: Argentina, Uruguay.&lt;br /&gt;Dimorfismul  sexual este destul de accentuat, femela avind un pic culorile mai  deschise. Masculul are capul si spatele de culoare brun masliniu cu  infiltratii gri.Femela are capul si spatele de culoare gri verzui.&lt;br /&gt;Are  in jur de 15 cm. Zborul este ondulat iar cintecul este placut, aproape  repetat. In natura nu se indeparteaza de copaci primavara coborind din  paduri pina in parcurile oraselor. Construieste un cuib grosolan si  voluminos la sfirsitul lunii aprilie. Femela depune 4-5 oua alb  albastrui si cloceste 13-14 zile fara ajutorul masculului. Puii ies din  cuib dupa 16-18 zile devenind independenti dupa cc 33 de zile. In  primele5-6 zile de viata ale puilor parintii devin&quot;insectivori&quot; deoarece  puisorii au nevoie de proteine. Perioada de intarcare este foarte  dificila pentru puisori deoarece foarte multi mor. Inca nu se cunoaste  exact motivul dar se crede ca ar fi vorba de ceva boli intestinale.  Ambii parinti au un caracter blind si afectuos.&lt;br /&gt;Ca hrana se foloseste  un amestec de seminte pentru canari. Fructe si legume se vor adauga tot  timpul anului. Pe perioada intarcarii se va lasa mincare care se digera  mai usor:glant si salata .&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 431px; height: 387px;&quot; src=&quot;http://i701.photobucket.com/albums/ww11/Serin-Serinia/Carduelis%20Album/CarduelisChlorisGreenfinch.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/4122236798353687908/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/florintele-carduelis-chloris.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/4122236798353687908'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/4122236798353687908'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/florintele-carduelis-chloris.html' title='FLORINTELE (CARDUELIS CHLORIS)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://i701.photobucket.com/albums/ww11/Serin-Serinia/Carduelis%20Album/th_CarduelisChlorisGreenfinch.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-8913540644333917963</id><published>2011-11-05T22:10:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T22:12:38.912+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><title type='text'>STICLETELE HIMALAYAN(CARDUELIS CANICEPS)</title><content type='html'>Carduelis Caniceps (Vigors 1831) sau sticletele himalayan este  considerat ruda mai saracacioasa a sticletelui(Carduelis Carduelis)  deoarece ii lipseste calota de culoare neagra de pe cap.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://i56.tinypic.com/ru07lu.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Sint cunoscute 4 subspecii:&lt;br /&gt;-carduelis caniceps caniceps&lt;br /&gt;-carduelis caniceps paropanisi&lt;br /&gt;-carduelis caniceps subulata&lt;br /&gt;-carduelis caniceps ultima&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 191px; height: 345px;&quot; src=&quot;http://i51.tinypic.com/20fcoed.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 281px; height: 259px;&quot; src=&quot;http://i56.tinypic.com/t0g8ow.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:darkred;&quot;&gt;Carduelis caniceps caniceps &lt;/span&gt;traieste in Afganistan,Kashmir,Pakistan,Turkmenistan,Nepal si in vestul Himalayei.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:darkred;&quot;&gt;Carduelis caniceps paropanisi &lt;/span&gt;traieste  in Afganistan,S-E Iranului,Asia centrala ,China.Are dimensiuni mai mici  si partile superioare mai inchise cu impuritati de ocru.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:darkred;&quot;&gt;Carduelis caniceps subulata&lt;/span&gt; traieste in nordul Siberiei,la est de lacul Baikal ,N-V Mongoliei.Are dimensiuni mai mari si partea superioara fara ocru.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:darkred;&quot;&gt;Carduelis caniceps ultima &lt;/span&gt;traieste in Fars,Kerman si Iran.&lt;br /&gt;Il  putem gasi in paduri,gradini,cimpuri cultivare ,coborind chiar si in  parcurile din orase..Ajunge pina la altitudini de 1700 de metri in Altai  si 2600 de metri in Tien Shan.&lt;br /&gt;A fost introdus cu succes in America si Australia.&lt;br /&gt;Talia este in jur de 14 cm,variind in functie de subspecie.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 336px; height: 406px;&quot; src=&quot;http://i52.tinypic.com/344pe1w.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Masca  este rosie ,aripile negre cu o bara galbena,timonierele negre cu mici  perle de culoare alba.Brunul este inlocuit de gri,spatele ,lateralelesi  pieptul de culoare gri iar abdomenul aproape alb.Ciocul este lung si  ascutit de culoare alba.&lt;br /&gt;In habitatul natural femela construieste un  cuib in  copaci(plop,mesteacan,ulm,acer,stejar,molid,mar,par,cires,cais)si  depune3-5 oua pe care le cloceste 12-13 zile.Ambii parinti ajuta la  cresterea puilor,facind 2 rinduri de pui pe an.&lt;br /&gt;Cu o temperioara superioara de 27  grade in captivitate se reproduce primavara -vara  ajungind si la 3 serii de pui pe an.&lt;br /&gt;Este o pasare granivora ,semintele fiind la baza dietei avind o preferinta pentru scaieti.&lt;br /&gt;Se poate folosi un amestec format din glant ,cinepa ,niger si floarea soarelui mica care pare sa fie apreciata foarte mult.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/8913540644333917963/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/sticletele-himalayancarduelis-caniceps.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/8913540644333917963'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/8913540644333917963'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/sticletele-himalayancarduelis-caniceps.html' title='STICLETELE HIMALAYAN(CARDUELIS CANICEPS)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://i56.tinypic.com/ru07lu_th.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-3067996792967959900</id><published>2011-11-05T22:06:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T22:09:25.825+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA  CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris caniceps"/><title type='text'>Cardellino dell&#39;Himalaya (carduelis caniceps)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span class=&quot;postbody&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 294px; height: 283px;&quot; src=&quot;http://www.birds.kz/Carduelis%20caniceps/main_photo.jpg&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Il Cardellino dell&#39;Himalaya (Carduelis caniceps, Vigors 1831) č  considerato il parente &quot;povero&quot; del Carduelis carduelis, da cui si  differenzia essenzialmente per essere a calotta grigia,ne sono  conosciute quattro sottospecie: Carduelis caniceps caniceps,Carduelis  caniceps paropanisi,Carduelis caniceps subulata,Carduelis caniceps  ultima.&lt;br /&gt;La taglia media di questo cardellino č di 14,5 cm a seconda della  sottospecie, la maschera č rossa, le ali nere con una barra gialla, le  timoniere nere con perlature bianche, dorso, groppone, fianchi e petto  grigi, ventre quasi bianco; becco lungo e pungente di colore bianco con  un colpo di matita sulla parte superiore.&lt;br /&gt;In natura a seconda della sottospecie, č possibile trovarli in quasi tutta l&#39;Asia centrale, e regioni limitrofe.&lt;br /&gt;Essendo un uccello granivoro, i semi sono la base della sua dieta, in  particolare i semi di cardo, e comunque tutti quei semi che riesce a  trovare nei vari periodi dell&#39;anno.&lt;br /&gt;In natura nidifica su alberi o cespugli,il periodo riproduttivo va da  meta&#39; aprile agli inizi di agosto. Le uova,di solito da 3 a 5,vengono  covate per 12-13 giorni. Entrambi i genitori si occupano dell&#39;imbecco  della prole,solitamente le covate sono un paio all&#39;anno. &lt;/span&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/3067996792967959900/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/cardellino-dellhimalaya-carduelis.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3067996792967959900'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3067996792967959900'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/cardellino-dellhimalaya-carduelis.html' title='Cardellino dell&#39;Himalaya (carduelis caniceps)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-3236117844980897960</id><published>2011-11-05T21:59:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T22:02:49.608+02:00</updated><title type='text'>MUGURARUL (PYRRHULA PYRRHULA)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3116/2577307877_0f1a3b4a52.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 500px; height: 401px;&quot; src=&quot;http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3116/2577307877_0f1a3b4a52.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Are 18 cm marime, iar coloritul este cenusiu pe spate, negru pe aripi si  coada, rosu trandafiriu pe piept la mascul, cafeniu roscat pe piept la  femele. Ciocul este negru albastrui, conic, scurt si gros. Picioarele  sunt brune. Mediul de viata il constituie padurile mixte si de conifere,  bogate in subarbusti si cu numeroase luminisuri insorite. Ouale, in  numar de 4 - 5, depuse zilnic, incepand din aprilie pana in mai sunt  fusiforme, netede, lucitoare, albastre deschis, cu intensitati ce  alterneaza, cu puncte si cu pete maro-negricioase, maro-purpurii si  violet - deschis, masate la capatul rotund al oului. Incubatia dureaza  12 - 14 zile. Cloceste numai femela, care in aceasta perioada este  alimentata de mascul; au loc doua sau chiar trei clociri pe an. Puii  sunt nidicoli, cu perioada post embrionara de 12 - 18 zile. In primele 6  zile sunt acoperiti de femela, in timp ce masculul aduce hrana, dupa  aceasta ambii parinti participa la hranire. Puii sunt acoperiti cu puf  des, destul de lung, gri-negricios; gatlejul este roz cu puncte gri -  purpuriu pe laturi, umflatura marginala a ciocului este galbena palid.  Hrana se constituie din seminte diferite, bace, muguri de copaci si  arbusti, mai rar insecte.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O ALTFEL DE DESCRIERE :&lt;br /&gt;Pasare  sedentara in tara noastra mugurarul cloceste in mai ales in padurile de  munte ale Carpatilor ,de unde in iernile mai geroase coboara spre cimpie  .Masculul adult are partea superioara a capului si cea din jurul  ciocului de culoare vinat negricioasa ,partea superioara a corpului  ,tectricela mici si mari ale aripilor cenusii ,tirtita alba,gitul  laturile gitului si gusa rosu deschis carmin,abdomenul si tectricele  superioare ale cozii,albe .Rectricea exterioara are ambele parti si  uneori de-a lungul rahisului prezinta o pata alba mai mult sau mai putin  lata.Remigele negre: primaare dunga dreapta ,iar urmatoarele patru  remige sint scobite la virf,bordate cu sur-deschis ;ultimele regiuni  sint vinat -negricioase .ultima remige este cea mai mica cu steagul  exterior suriu,mai mult sau mai putin suflat cu roz-rosiatic.Tectricele  mici sur-inchise,cele mai lungi vinat-negricioase cu virfurile  sur-deschis formind peste aripa oo banda evidenta .Ciocul negru,irisul  si picioarele brune.&lt;br /&gt;FEMELA adulta este ceva mai mica decit masculul  ,are spatele cu luciul brumat iar partea ventrala sur-deschis cu luciu  brun-roscat ,si mai mult sau mai putin porfiriu.&lt;br /&gt;Pasarile tinere  (ambele sexe )au partea superioara si cea inferioara a corpului  brun-ruginiu,fara sur sau rosiu.capulsi spatele fara negruiar la masculi  tineri spatele este citeodata suflat cu rosiu.Cuibareste in padurile de  munte ,incepind cu a doua jumatate a lunii aprilie si depunin de regula  5-6 oua .&lt;br /&gt;Hrana in libertate consta din seminte ,fructe ,muguri (de  unde ii provine si numele)si insecte.Sint crescuti si reprodusi cu  succes in captivitate datorita coloritului sau foarte frumos in prezent  ajungindu-se la diferite mutatii de culoare ,cele mai cunoscute  fiind:bruna,pastelo,pastelo -bruna,baltatii,lutino.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/3236117844980897960/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/mugurarul-pyrrhula-pyrrhula.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3236117844980897960'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3236117844980897960'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/mugurarul-pyrrhula-pyrrhula.html' title='MUGURARUL (PYRRHULA PYRRHULA)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3116/2577307877_0f1a3b4a52_t.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-2471173580923772961</id><published>2011-11-05T21:54:00.003+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T21:59:03.029+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA CARDUELIS CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris"/><title type='text'>MUGURARUL MEXICAN ( CARPODACUS MESSICANUS )</title><content type='html'>carpodacus messicanus rhodopnus&lt;br /&gt;carpodacus messicanus ruberrimus&lt;br /&gt;carpodacus messicanus amplus&lt;br /&gt;carpodacus messicanus mcgregory&lt;br /&gt;carpodacus messicanus clementis&lt;br /&gt;carpodacus messicanus ftontalis&lt;br /&gt;il putem intilni in mexic,canada si s.u.a.in zonele de coasta dar si in deserturi.coboara in gradini si cimpuri cultivate.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://i55.tinypic.com/a0jqr4.gif&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;masculul are fruntea ,sprincenele,gitul,pieptul de culoare rosie.restul penajului este de culoare bruna.&lt;br /&gt;femela are tot corpul de culoare brun vargat,exceptie facind zona superioara a cozii care este de culoarea rosie.&lt;br /&gt;in  perioada reproducerii masculul delimiteaza zona cintind.femela  construieste un cuib grosolan,captusit cu ierburi uscate pe care il  umple cu 4 oua.puisorii apar dupa 12 zile si devin independenti dupa o  luna.&lt;br /&gt;o pereche depune de 2-3 ori pe an.in 90%din cazuri in  captivitate masculul este indepartat datorita caracterului  violent.,deoarece nu lasa femela sa cloceasca.atit femela cit si  masculul au un caracter foarte puternic.dar acest lucru nu-i  dezavantajeaza:sint folositi ca doici pentru toate fringilidele .&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;width: 243px; height: 315px;&quot; src=&quot;http://i52.tinypic.com/2uxxyy8.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; /&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/2471173580923772961/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/mugurarul-mexican-carpodacus-messicanus.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/2471173580923772961'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/2471173580923772961'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/mugurarul-mexican-carpodacus-messicanus.html' title='MUGURARUL MEXICAN ( CARPODACUS MESSICANUS )'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="http://i55.tinypic.com/a0jqr4_th.gif" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-6438959376542723333</id><published>2011-11-05T19:55:00.004+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T19:59:55.297+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA CARDUELIS CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris"/><title type='text'>SCATIUL (CARDUELIS SPINUS)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilPnG9TBzf-KT3OA93p4Gbepj4feh2RW4PENi5H91pyDNypaeKOh6ZmMwdIxqdpmpPSdj2GASyp7-kCnjCbrz8Za3tJmj9Xq4_PWezvz6mH76O7Y0FaITFdNhBUdv4ad4GrkMOcvipvr_g/s1600/Carduelis-Spinus7.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 427px; height: 284px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilPnG9TBzf-KT3OA93p4Gbepj4feh2RW4PENi5H91pyDNypaeKOh6ZmMwdIxqdpmpPSdj2GASyp7-kCnjCbrz8Za3tJmj9Xq4_PWezvz6mH76O7Y0FaITFdNhBUdv4ad4GrkMOcvipvr_g/s1600/Carduelis-Spinus7.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Se mai cheama si scatiul Euro-Asiatic datorita faptului ca se gaseste in aceste zone.&lt;br /&gt;In  natura il putem intilni mai tot timpul in virful arborilor. Acest mic  fringilid are in jur de 12 cm iar dimorfismul sexual este destul de  accentuat: masculul are fruntea si calota de culoarea neagra.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In  perioada reproducerii, prefera padurile de conifere. Masculul alege  locul unde femela incepe sa construiasca cuibul aproape inaccesibil.  Cuibul are forma unei cupe, destul de profund si este construit numai de  femela. Materialele folosite sint ramuri mici, radacini subtiri, pene,  par de animale. Ouale sint in numar de 3-5 si sint clocite numai de  femela. Puii sint alimentati de ambii parinti cc 20 de zile. Dupa  perioada napirlirii se aduna in grupuri de minim 10 mai tot timpul in  cautarea hranei.&lt;br /&gt;In captivitate este foarte des intilnit in  crescatorii.este recomandata o voliera de 1,5x1,5x2m. Inauntru se vor  introduce citeva ramuri de brad. Fiind o pasare care sufera de caldura  este recomandat ca locul volierei sa fie amplasat intr-un loc umbros.  Cuibul se pozitioneaza sus camuflat intre ramuri. In cele mai multe  cazuri masculul nu lasa femela sa cloceasca si atunci este indepartat,  dar trebuie reintrodus dupa ce au aparut puisorii,c are vor fi inelati  in a 6-7 zi cu inel de tip A(2,4mm).&lt;br /&gt;Ca hrana se poate folosi un amestec pentru canari,fructe si legume tot timpul anului.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/6438959376542723333/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/scatiul-carduelis-spinus.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6438959376542723333'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6438959376542723333'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/scatiul-carduelis-spinus.html' title='SCATIUL (CARDUELIS SPINUS)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilPnG9TBzf-KT3OA93p4Gbepj4feh2RW4PENi5H91pyDNypaeKOh6ZmMwdIxqdpmpPSdj2GASyp7-kCnjCbrz8Za3tJmj9Xq4_PWezvz6mH76O7Y0FaITFdNhBUdv4ad4GrkMOcvipvr_g/s72-c/Carduelis-Spinus7.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-6671870451818088374</id><published>2011-11-05T18:30:00.003+02:00</published><updated>2011-11-05T18:43:06.291+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA CARDUELIS CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris"/><title type='text'>FORFECUTA (LOXIA CURVIROSTRA)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;http://www.questmachine.org/encyclopedie/illustrations/illustrations_articles/Bec-croise-41290259657.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 525px; height: 401px;&quot; src=&quot;http://www.questmachine.org/encyclopedie/illustrations/illustrations_articles/Bec-croise-41290259657.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Face parte din familia fringilide si contine 4 specii:&lt;br /&gt;-Loxia curvirostra&lt;br /&gt;-Loxia pytypsiltacus&lt;br /&gt;-Loxia leucoptera&lt;br /&gt;-Loxia scotica&lt;br /&gt;Comun  la aceste pasari este ciocul foarte masiv cu extremitatile  incrucisate.Sunt dotati cu picioruse scurte si robuste care le permit o  buna priza in ramurile de conifere.Dimorfismul sexual este destul de  accentuat:masculul prezinta un rosu pe piept iar femela un galbui cu  infiltratii verzi.Sunt pasari care se unesc in grupuri si cauta padurile  de conifere.Cuibul e facut din ramuri subtiri,muschi si alte materiale  pe care femela le procura din copaci fara a cobori la sol.Ouale sunt in  numar de 3-4,iar dupa circa 2 saptamini de incubatie apar puisorii care  sunt hraniti de ambii parinti cu seminte de conifere.Devin independenti  dupa 4 saptamini.&lt;br /&gt;De cativa ani in occident sunt foarte intrebati de  crescatori, deoarece femela este folosita la obtinerea hibrizilor prin  incrucisarea cu alte fringilide indigene sau exotice.La toate  expozitiile ornitologice hibrizii rezultati s-au dovedit a fi campioni.&lt;br /&gt;In  captivitate pot fi crescuti in voliere dar se cunosc cazuri cand s-au  reprodus si in colivii de 120cm.Alimentatia se compune dintr-un amestec  de seminte pt fringilide,dar se vor adauga seminte de conifere,saruri  minerale si osul de sepie.&lt;br /&gt;Sunt pasari foarte robuste si pot face baie pe perioada iernii.Nu sunt predispusi la probleme respiratorii.&lt;br /&gt;Cine  doreste sa inceapa aceasta aventura trebuie sa-i tina in locuri  racoroase. Aceasta specie nu suporta caldura, deci se va administra  baita zilnica.&lt;br /&gt;In perioada reproducerii se va folosi cuibul de  12cm.Femela cuibareste dupa depunerea primului ou,iar puisorii vor fi  inelati in a 5 zi cu un inel de tip C (3,4mm).&lt;br /&gt;Cine vrea sa participe  la expozitii ornitologice trebuie sa le ofere puilor dupa 40 de zile  coloranti naturali sau artificiali.In vestul Europei,se spera ca in  urmatorii 20 de ani crescatorii de pasari indigene vor deveni mai multi  decat crescatorii de canari.&lt;br /&gt;Forfecuta este o pasare speciala care  traieste mai tot timpul in padurile de conifere. Aici gaseste tot ceea  ce are nevoie:material pentru constructia cuibului ,hrana ,adapost in  timpul iernii, datorita faptului ca acest arbore este tot timpul verde.  Bradul contine o substanta care este refractara la ger. Ramuri de brad  se pot introduce in recipientele cu apa iar aceasta nu va ingheta. 100gr  de seminte de brad contin 605kcal, un adevarat carburant pentru aceasta  specie.&lt;br /&gt;In anii 60 profesorul Tordoff (ornitolog american)a  demonstrat ca in diverse perioade ale anului aceasta pasare s-a reprodus  in captivitate. Studii americane mai recente au evidentiat faptul ca  forfecuta se reproduce in functie de cantitatea de seminte de conifere&lt;br /&gt;disponibila.  Cu cit creste cantitatea de conifere cu atit succesul este garantat. In  anii bogati de seminte femela lasa puii in grija masculului cind  acestia au numai doua saptamini de viata, iar ea incepe din nou sa  depuna oua. Este singura pasare care cloceste si iarna. Din acest motiv  incepe sa cloceasca dupa depunerea primului ou.</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/6671870451818088374/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/forfecuta-loxia-curvirostra.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6671870451818088374'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6671870451818088374'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/11/forfecuta-loxia-curvirostra.html' title='FORFECUTA (LOXIA CURVIROSTRA)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-1995239341370380612</id><published>2011-10-30T23:48:00.006+02:00</published><updated>2011-10-31T00:16:28.242+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="STICLETELE  CARDUELIS CARDUELIS balcanica brevirostris britannina loudoni mayor niediecki parva tsuchusii colchicus volgensis"/><title type='text'>STICLETELE (CARDUELIS CARDUELIS)</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4w20sPVBxnXOPXKkJgw69AoWEo6RDjapfKXzR8qLVQcqdPdUVNPkrRE6oadfNFR2W-CEF28VRL0nEjr2o9lm-tEioT8xGDEgMes7MoxK0Rza8lf4MzJoXz4lvCQ89w93gUH2J4dodwd4/s1600/Carduelis_carduelis_12.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float:left; margin:0 10px 10px 0;cursor:pointer; cursor:hand;width: 209px; height: 314px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4w20sPVBxnXOPXKkJgw69AoWEo6RDjapfKXzR8qLVQcqdPdUVNPkrRE6oadfNFR2W-CEF28VRL0nEjr2o9lm-tEioT8xGDEgMes7MoxK0Rza8lf4MzJoXz4lvCQ89w93gUH2J4dodwd4/s320/Carduelis_carduelis_12.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5669412425509165522&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;STICLETELE (CARDUELIS CARDUELIS)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;O legenda spune ca sticletele are masca rosie datorita faptului ca a  incercat sa scoata acele de scai din coroana lui Isus Hristos,iar din  acea zi ramase pentru totdeauna patat cu rosu pe fata.Frumusetea  penajului si cintecul melodios a inspirat multi artisti de-a lungul  veacurilor.&lt;br /&gt;Se cunosc urmatoarele subspecii:&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis carduelis-se afla in Europa&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis balcanica -se afla in Peninsula Balcanica&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis brevirostris-se intilneste in Crimeea&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis britannina-se afla in Marea Britanie&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis loudoni-Azerbaidjan si Iran&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis mayor-se afla in muntii Ural si Altai&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis niediecki-se afla in Orientul Mijlociu,Cipru, Rodos&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis parva-Peninsula Iberica,Nordul Africii , in Insulele Azore si Canare&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis tsuchusii-in sudul Italiei&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis colchicus&lt;br /&gt;Carduelis carduelis volgensis&lt;br /&gt;se  disting intre ele dupa talie care variaza in functie de zona unde  traiesc. Subspecia mayor ajunge la 15-16cm iar parva la numai 12 cm. Se  recunoaste dupa masca rosie ,capul negru cu alb,aripile negre cu o bara  galbena.&lt;br /&gt;Dimorfismul sexual nu este asa de accentuat. Numai un ochi  expert ii poate deosebi.La femela masca rosie nu depaseste jumatatea  ochiului si are culoarea pe aripi de un negru opac&lt;br /&gt;La mascul masca rosie depaseste ochiul si are culoarea pe aripi de un negru lucios.&lt;br /&gt;in  natura il putem intilni in padurile de conifere ,arbusti,arbori  fructiferi dar coboara si in parcurile din orase ajungind sa faca cuibul  chiar si in copacii de pe marginea strazilor. Cuibul este construit la  citiva metri de pamint din iarba uscata,muschi,radacini  subtiri,interiorul fiind captusit cu pene are forma de cupa.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Femela  depune intre 3-6 oua .cloceste in jur de 13-14 zile iar puii sint  intarcati dupa 35 de zile dar ramin in apropierea cuibului inca citeva  zile. Perioada de napirlire este luna august-septembrie. Cintecul este  frumos, aducindu-ne aminte de trilul canarului. Nu cinta in perioada  napirlirii.&lt;br /&gt;In captivitate se pot tine in voliere de 1x1x2m in locuri  umbroase dar nu umede.Ca hrana se poate folosi un amestec de seminte  pentru canari, plante erbacee. Nu uitati ca din 100 de exemplare  capturate din natura jumatate mor in primele zile, apoi din ce ramine  inca jumatate mor in perioada napirlirii.&lt;br /&gt;Legea interzice detinerea  acestui fringilid dar nu interzice detinerea exemplarelor crescute si  reproduse in captivitate, cele cu inel genealogic ichis si cu  certificat. Asa ca haideti sa lasam pasarelele in libertate si sa  incepem sa gindim si noi ca popoarele nordice care cresc exemplare de  zeci de ani numai cu inele, ajungind pina in momentul acesta la peste 18  mutatii de culoare. Puii se ineleaza in a 6-7 zi cu un inel de tip A  (2,4mm) sau Y(2,7mm).</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/1995239341370380612/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/10/sticletele-carduelis-carduelis.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/1995239341370380612'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/1995239341370380612'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/10/sticletele-carduelis-carduelis.html' title='STICLETELE (CARDUELIS CARDUELIS)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4w20sPVBxnXOPXKkJgw69AoWEo6RDjapfKXzR8qLVQcqdPdUVNPkrRE6oadfNFR2W-CEF28VRL0nEjr2o9lm-tEioT8xGDEgMes7MoxK0Rza8lf4MzJoXz4lvCQ89w93gUH2J4dodwd4/s72-c/Carduelis_carduelis_12.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-5225558159389632453</id><published>2011-04-08T00:23:00.005+03:00</published><updated>2011-04-08T00:36:05.735+03:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Fringillidae carpodacus MUGURARUL PINILOR PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR BOTGROSUL COCCOTHRAUSTES COCCOTHRAUSTES PYRRULA PYRRHULA SERINUS SERINUS LOXIA CURVIROSTRA CARDUELIS CANNABINA flammea spinus chloris"/><title type='text'>Clubul Roman de Fringillidae</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9hxezIJU_0hCEinvvejQ7mO6ToMXgsV-9PFsYqrlhhh6QremIJFEFWKr6K7__XMqD56XrqF6jwQyYH8uOJL0kKEK82xpd-UBUr2AvDzXicC-ycmle0R5bJWGUK8NUmB_CFGucrASrP8k/s1600/CRF+01..............jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 320px; height: 213px;&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9hxezIJU_0hCEinvvejQ7mO6ToMXgsV-9PFsYqrlhhh6QremIJFEFWKr6K7__XMqD56XrqF6jwQyYH8uOJL0kKEK82xpd-UBUr2AvDzXicC-ycmle0R5bJWGUK8NUmB_CFGucrASrP8k/s320/CRF+01..............jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; id=&quot;BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5592955802287716834&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;noul club raoman de fringillidae a fost infiintat de 3 baieti pasionati de aceste pasari care fac parte din familia fringillidae , va invit pe toti pasionatii si nu numai sa ne vizitati forumul la adresa &lt;a href=&quot;http://clubulromandefringil.forumgratuit.ro/&quot;&gt;http://clubulromandefringil.forumgratuit.ro/&lt;/a&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/5225558159389632453/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/04/clubul-roman-de-fringillidae.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/5225558159389632453'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/5225558159389632453'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/04/clubul-roman-de-fringillidae.html' title='Clubul Roman de Fringillidae'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9hxezIJU_0hCEinvvejQ7mO6ToMXgsV-9PFsYqrlhhh6QremIJFEFWKr6K7__XMqD56XrqF6jwQyYH8uOJL0kKEK82xpd-UBUr2AvDzXicC-ycmle0R5bJWGUK8NUmB_CFGucrASrP8k/s72-c/CRF+01..............jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-6511558298798110389</id><published>2011-03-09T20:20:00.003+02:00</published><updated>2011-03-09T20:26:22.996+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Cheloo feat Ombladon - Sau parazitii hip hop rap romania underground real etc q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><title type='text'>Cheloo feat Ombladon -Sau</title><content type='html'>&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&#39;allowfullscreen&#39; webkitallowfullscreen=&#39;webkitallowfullscreen&#39; mozallowfullscreen=&#39;mozallowfullscreen&#39; width=&#39;320&#39; height=&#39;266&#39; src=&#39;https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxj5jT8S_46cOcCA-8hodY38-U4VP1JNSNfR9KBx2imcARmmTJ2W7Trh-9BjcDt-GKvaFlqINux9nh9xPw3rw&#39; class=&#39;b-hbp-video b-uploaded&#39; frameborder=&#39;0&#39;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/6511558298798110389/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/03/cheloo-feat-ombladon-sau.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6511558298798110389'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6511558298798110389'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/03/cheloo-feat-ombladon-sau.html' title='Cheloo feat Ombladon -Sau'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-4081766664791108087</id><published>2011-03-07T12:33:00.002+02:00</published><updated>2011-03-07T12:53:45.420+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="raku ombladon zale parazitii 2011 hip hop rap under ground battle vocal q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><title type='text'>Raku feat Ombladon - Cautand (2011 emitesemnale)</title><content type='html'>&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&#39;allowfullscreen&#39; webkitallowfullscreen=&#39;webkitallowfullscreen&#39; mozallowfullscreen=&#39;mozallowfullscreen&#39; width=&#39;320&#39; height=&#39;266&#39; src=&#39;https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dy1h0cnHigAwh8D2pzAyBYogbbQi52bdCRJeziWstux3mo9AoH19voebzCzLunokEvSaM5QAaJGqxqrjj4VRg&#39; class=&#39;b-hbp-video b-uploaded&#39; frameborder=&#39;0&#39;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/4081766664791108087/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/03/raku-feat-ombladon-cautand-2011.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/4081766664791108087'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/4081766664791108087'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/03/raku-feat-ombladon-cautand-2011.html' title='Raku feat Ombladon - Cautand (2011 emitesemnale)'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-6505268933625878075</id><published>2011-02-10T15:04:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2011-02-10T15:10:09.803+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Zebra australiana pasari bird finch exotice pasarele q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><title type='text'>Zebra australiana</title><content type='html'>&lt;a onblur=&quot;try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}&quot; href=&quot;http://www.biology-blog.com/images/blogs/11-2008/zebra-finch-18721.jpg&quot;&gt;&lt;img style=&quot;float: left; margin: 0pt 10px 10px 0pt; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 267px;&quot; src=&quot;http://www.biology-blog.com/images/blogs/11-2008/zebra-finch-18721.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:worddocument&gt;   &lt;w:view&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;   &lt;w:zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;   &lt;w:trackmoves/&gt;   &lt;w:trackformatting/&gt;   &lt;w:hyphenationzone&gt;21&lt;/w:HyphenationZone&gt;   &lt;w:punctuationkerning/&gt;   &lt;w:validateagainstschemas/&gt;   &lt;w:saveifxmlinvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;   &lt;w:ignoremixedcontent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;   &lt;w:alwaysshowplaceholdertext&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;   &lt;w:donotpromoteqf/&gt;   &lt;w:lidthemeother&gt;RO&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;   &lt;w:lidthemeasian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;   &lt;w:lidthemecomplexscript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;   &lt;w:compatibility&gt;    &lt;w:breakwrappedtables/&gt;    &lt;w:snaptogridincell/&gt;    &lt;w:wraptextwithpunct/&gt;    &lt;w:useasianbreakrules/&gt;    &lt;w:dontgrowautofit/&gt;    &lt;w:splitpgbreakandparamark/&gt;    &lt;w:dontvertaligncellwithsp/&gt;    &lt;w:dontbreakconstrainedforcedtables/&gt;    &lt;w:dontvertalignintxbx/&gt;    &lt;w:word11kerningpairs/&gt;    &lt;w:cachedcolbalance/&gt;   &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;   &lt;w:browserlevel&gt;MicrosoftInternetExplorer4&lt;/w:BrowserLevel&gt;   &lt;m:mathpr&gt;    &lt;m:mathfont val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:brkbin val=&quot;before&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:brkbinsub val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:smallfrac val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef/&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;  &lt;w:latentstyles deflockedstate=&quot;false&quot; defunhidewhenused=&quot;true&quot; defsemihidden=&quot;true&quot; defqformat=&quot;false&quot; defpriority=&quot;99&quot; latentstylecount=&quot;267&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Normal&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 7&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 8&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;9&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;heading 9&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 7&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 8&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; name=&quot;toc 9&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;35&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;caption&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;10&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; name=&quot;Default Paragraph Font&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;11&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Strong&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;20&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;0&quot; name=&quot;Normal (Web)&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;59&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;1&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Revision&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;34&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;29&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;30&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;60&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;61&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;62&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;63&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;64&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;65&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;66&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;67&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;68&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;69&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;70&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Dark List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;71&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;72&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;73&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 6&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;19&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;21&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Emphasis&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;31&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Subtle Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;32&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Intense Reference&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;33&quot; semihidden=&quot;false&quot; unhidewhenused=&quot;false&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;Book Title&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;37&quot; name=&quot;Bibliography&quot;&gt;   &lt;w:lsdexception locked=&quot;false&quot; priority=&quot;39&quot; qformat=&quot;true&quot; name=&quot;TOC Heading&quot;&gt;  &lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt; &lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if !mso]&gt;&lt;object classid=&quot;clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D&quot; id=&quot;ieooui&quot;&gt;&lt;/object&gt; &lt;style&gt; st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt; &lt;style&gt;  /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:&quot;Table Normal&quot;;  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-qformat:yes;  mso-style-parent:&quot;&quot;;  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,&quot;sans-serif&quot;;  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;  mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;  mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} &lt;/style&gt; &lt;![endif]--&gt;  &lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;height: 12pt;&quot;&gt;   &lt;td style=&quot;width: 80%; padding: 0cm; height: 12pt;&quot; width=&quot;80%&quot;&gt;   &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Pasari - Zebra australiana &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;display: none;&quot; lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;table class=&quot;MsoNormalTable&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;0&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;  &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr style=&quot;&quot;&gt;   &lt;td style=&quot;width: 71%; padding: 0cm;&quot; width=&quot;71%&quot;&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Oricine a vazut o zebra australiana intelece de ce ele   sunt preferatele crescatorilor de pasari. Rezistenta sa si modul usor de   ingrijire face din zebra australiana o pasare ideala pentru incepatori, iar   comportamentul sau vioi este o incantare atat pentru crescatorii amatori cat   si pentru cei profesionisti. Zebra australiana este o pasare foarte vioaie,   care canta mult si asta nu numai in prima parte a vietii ci pe tot parcursul   vietii sale, avand in vedere ca media de varsta este de 7 – 10 ani, alegand   sa cresteti o astfel de pasare veti avea o casa vesela pentru mult timp.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Un “concurent” acerb al trilurilor incantatoare este   coloritul vioi si stralucitor al zebrei australiene. Paleta de culori   existenta in penele sale este destul de larga de la rosu aprins, nuante de   alb, pana la argintiu si ciocolatiu. Femelele si masculii se pot asemana   foarte bine intre ei din punct de vedere al coloritului dar intotdeauna   masculul are ciocul rosu iar femela portocaliu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;O zebra australiana sanatoasa va fi intotdeauna   foarte activa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;, va “trebalui” toata ziua la   curatarea cuibului si la consolidarea lui, va canta mare parte din zi si va   fi foarte atenta si alerta la tot ce se intampla in jur.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Daca va hotarati sa-i luati pasarii un companion de joaca,   indiferent ca este de acelasi sex sau nu, cateodata s-ar putea sa nu-l   accepte si ii va smulge penele; in momentul in care isi accepta partenerul   veti observa ca obiceiul de a-si smulge reciproc penele nu dispare dar modul   in care acest proces se produce este diferit; daca atunci cand o pasare nu-si   place partenerul ii va smulge penele cu violenta, cand il accepta va fi   foarte gentila in actiunile sale. Penele cazute nu reprezinta un motiv de   ingrijorare deoarece nu sunt un semn de boala si ele cresc la loc, este   normal pentru zebrele australiene sa-si schimbe penele.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Daca cele doua pasari nu se apropie deloc una de   cealalta este de asemenea un semn ca nu sunt compatibile, de aceea cand   doriti sa luati o astfel de pasare este indicat de la bun inceput sa o luati   impreuna cu perechea ei.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Dupa ce v-ati hotarat sa achizitionati o pereche de zebre   australiene este momentul sa va hotarati asupra custii, cusca trebuie sa fie   spatioasa, cu cat mai mare cu atat mai bine! Cusca aleasa trebuie sa confere   libertatea de a zbura. Exercitiile sunt absolut obligatorii, pe langa spatiu   pentru zbor mai are nevoie de un spatiu pentru baie, leagane si bucati de   lemn de care sa se poata agata si sa-si poata toci ghearele.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;In interiorul custii nu este obligatoriu sa fie si un   cuib, dar ele prefera sa doarma noaptea intr-un cuib, sau chiar separate in   doua cuiburi, daca nu este disponibil nici un fel de cuib isi vor “amenaja”   singure unul din resturile de mancare. Daca cuibul este in interiorul custii   puneti-l undeva cat mai sus, ii confera pasarii senzatia de siguranta; de   asemenea in jurul cuibului se pot pune plante ornamentale, aceasta tot pentru   a-i da senzatia de siguranta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;O pereche compatibila de zebre se va imperechea   in aproape orice conditii&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;. Zebrele   australiene sunt parinti buni si grijulii, rareori necesita supraveghere in   a-si creste puii. Masculul este “responsabil” cu tot ceea ce tine de   confortul cuibului, el este cel care are grija ca fiecare bucatica din cuib   sa ofere confort atat perechii lui cat si puilor. Imeidat dupa ce femela   incepe sa depuna oua, eliminati din cuib materialele cu care masculul ar   putea sa acopere ouale in entuziasmul sau de a amenaja cuibul. Femela depune   in medie cam 4-5 oua pe care le va cloci in jur de 12 – 18 zile din ziua in   care ultimul ou este depus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Cei doi parinti isi impart responsabilitatile cresterii   puilor. Pe tot parcursul perioadei in care puii se afla langa parinti trebuie   sa le dati acestora din urma hrana bogata in proteine si calciu. Dupa   aproximativ 18 zile de la nastere puii incep sa iasa din cuib iar dupa o luna   de zile se vor hrani singuri si atunci pot fi separati de parinti.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;In unele cazuri parintii pot deveni agresivi cu puii,   agresivitate care se manifesta, asa cum am mai precizat, prin smulgerea   penelor. Acest comportament apare pe fondul zgomotului prea puternic facut de   pui, este o modalitate prin care parintii isi incurajeaza puii sa se   deplaseze afara din cuib si sa se descurce singuri.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Hrana ideala pentru zebrele australiene este   compusa dintr-o mixtura de seminte&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;, cat mai   multe feluri de seminte sunt recomandate. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;De asemenea vegetalele trebuie adaugate in dieta   indiferent ca e vorba de vegetale proaspete sau uscate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Spre deosebire de papagali si   perusi care prefera tot felul de jucarii, zebrele australiene nu sunt   incantate decat de jucarii micute si in culori stralucitoare, se pot agata de   zabrelele custii oglinzi micute, astfel pasarile vor fi ocupate toata ziua.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;   &lt;/td&gt;  &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Oricine a vazut o zebra australiana intelece de ce ele sunt preferatele crescatorilor de pasari. Rezistenta sa si modul usor de ingrijire face din zebra australiana o pasare ideala pentru incepatori, iar comportamentul sau vioi este o incantare atat pentru crescatorii amatori cat si pentru cei profesionisti. Zebra australiana este o pasare foarte vioaie, care canta mult si asta nu numai in prima parte a vietii ci pe tot parcursul vietii sale, avand in vedere ca media de varsta este de 7 – 10 ani, alegand sa cresteti o astfel de pasare veti avea o casa vesela pentru mult timp.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Un “concurent” acerb al trilurilor incantatoare este coloritul vioi si stralucitor al zebrei australiene. Paleta de culori existenta in penele sale este destul de larga de la rosu aprins, nuante de alb, pana la argintiu si ciocolatiu. Femelele si masculii se pot asemana foarte bine intre ei din punct de vedere al coloritului dar intotdeauna masculul are ciocul rosu iar femela portocaliu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;O zebra australiana sanatoasa va fi intotdeauna foarte activa, va “trebalui” toata ziua la curatarea cuibului si la consolidarea lui, va canta mare parte din zi si va fi foarte atenta si alerta la tot ce se intampla in jur.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Daca va hotarati sa-i luati pasarii un companion de joaca, indiferent ca este de acelasi sex sau nu, cateodata s-ar putea sa nu-l accepte si ii va smulge penele; in momentul in care isi accepta partenerul veti observa ca obiceiul de a-si smulge reciproc penele nu dispare dar modul in care acest proces se produce este diferit; daca atunci cand o pasare nu-si place partenerul ii va smulge penele cu violenta, cand il accepta va fi foarte gentila in actiunile sale. Penele cazute nu reprezinta un motiv de ingrijorare deoarece nu sunt un semn de boala si ele cresc la loc, este normal pentru zebrele australiene sa-si schimbe penele.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Daca cele doua pasari nu se apropie deloc una de cealalta este de asemenea un semn ca nu sunt compatibile, de aceea cand doriti sa luati o astfel de pasare este indicat de la bun inceput sa o luati impreuna cu perechea ei.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Dupa ce v-ati hotarat sa achizitionati o pereche de zebre australiene este momentul sa va hotarati asupra custii, cusca trebuie sa fie spatioasa, cu cat mai mare cu atat mai bine! Cusca aleasa trebuie sa confere libertatea de a zbura. Exercitiile sunt absolut obligatorii, pe langa spatiu pentru zbor mai are nevoie de un spatiu pentru baie, leagane si bucati de lemn de care sa se poata agata si sa-si poata toci ghearele.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;In interiorul custii nu este obligatoriu sa fie si un cuib, dar ele prefera sa doarma noaptea intr-un cuib, sau chiar separate in doua cuiburi, daca nu este disponibil nici un fel de cuib isi vor “amenaja” singure unul din resturile de mancare. Daca cuibul este in interiorul custii puneti-l undeva cat mai sus, ii confera pasarii senzatia de siguranta; de asemenea in jurul cuibului se pot pune plante ornamentale, aceasta tot pentru a-i da senzatia de siguranta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;O pereche compatibila de zebre se va imperechea in aproape orice conditii. Zebrele australiene sunt parinti buni si grijulii, rareori necesita supraveghere in a-si creste puii. Masculul este “responsabil” cu tot ceea ce tine de confortul cuibului, el este cel care are grija ca fiecare bucatica din cuib sa ofere confort atat perechii lui cat si puilor. Imeidat dupa ce femela incepe sa depuna oua, eliminati din cuib materialele cu care masculul ar putea sa acopere ouale in entuziasmul sau de a amenaja cuibul. Femela depune in medie cam 4-5 oua pe care le va cloci in jur de 12 – 18 zile din ziua in care ultimul ou este depus.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Cei doi parinti isi impart responsabilitatile cresterii puilor. Pe tot parcursul perioadei in care puii se afla langa parinti trebuie sa le dati acestora din urma hrana bogata in proteine si calciu. Dupa aproximativ 18 zile de la nastere puii incep sa iasa din cuib iar dupa o luna de zile se vor hrani singuri si atunci pot fi separati de parinti.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;In unele cazuri parintii pot deveni agresivi cu puii, agresivitate care se manifesta, asa cum am mai precizat, prin smulgerea penelor. Acest comportament apare pe fondul zgomotului prea puternic facut de pui, este o modalitate prin care parintii isi incurajeaza puii sa se deplaseze afara din cuib si sa se descurce singuri.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Hrana ideala pentru zebrele australiene este compusa dintr-o mixtura de seminte, cat mai multe feluri de seminte sunt recomandate. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;De asemenea vegetalele trebuie adaugate in dieta indiferent ca e vorba de vegetale proaspete sau uscate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Spre deosebire de papagali si perusi care prefera tot felul de jucarii, zebrele australiene nu sunt incantate decat de jucarii micute si in culori stralucitoare, se pot agata de zabrelele custii oglinzi micute, astfel pasarile vor fi ocupate toata ziua.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Zebra Australiana – Hrana &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;In primul rand zebrele sunt pasari, deci mananca seminte, aceasta este dieta lor de baza. Sunt de asemenea cunoscute ca pasari care isi petrec o mare parte din timp la nivelul solului cautand si mancand insecte. Pentru zebrele crescute in captivitate se recomanda un amestec de seminte; acestea se gasesc in comert intr-o gama destul de larga. Meiul este un sortiment pe care il agreaza, acesta se gaseste sub mai multe forme: Mei Francez; Unguresc; Japonez. Crescatorii recomanda amestecul tipurilor de mei: 10 parti mei unguresc, 10 parti mei japonez, 5 parti mei frantuzesc, si 1 parte mancare pentru canari.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Mancarea pentru canari nu este foarte agreata de zebre, crescatorii adauga aceast tip de seminte in mancarea lor deoarece sunt bogate in ulei si dau un aspect lucios penelor. Pentru ca nu sunt mari amatoare de seminte pentru canari, zebrele le imprastie prin colivie incercand sa ajunga astfel la alt tip de seminte; din aceasta cazua, unii crescatori hranesc pasarile doar cu acest tip de mancare in ideea ca fiindu-le foame vor manca sau pornesc de la ideea ca se vor obisnui in timp si nu vor mai refuza semintele. Nu este o tehnica recomandata; zebrele au un penaj frumos chiar daca nu este foarte stralucitor si printr-o dieta corecta el se va pastra la fel de frumos.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Alimentatia poate fi diversificata cu verdeturi; aproape orice fel de verdeata este agreat de zebre; pentru ca le place sa culeaga si sa ciuguleasca puneti pe podeaua custii verdeata tocata: spanac, laptuci, salata etc.; aveti grija sa fie proaspete.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Hrana formata din insecte este si ea agreata de aceste pasari; nu este neaparat necesar sa le asigurati o astfel de hrana, ramane la latitudinea Dvs., ele nu vor avea de suferit din puct de vedere al alimentatiei, vor fi la fel de sanatoaste si daca mananca&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;si daca nu mananca insecte atata timp cat semintele si verdeturile asigura necesarul de hrana si de vitamine.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;  &lt;p class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Zebrele australiene&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;________________________________________&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Zebra australiana, Taenopygia guttata, este o pasare de talie mica, cu o lungime medie de 11 cm si o greutate de 12 grame, a carei denumire provine din aspectul penajului. Zebra australiana apartine familiei Estrildidae, alaturi de alte 49 de genuri si peste 130 de specii, raspandite in salbaticie in Africa, Madagascar, Noua Guinee, sud-estul Asiei, Australia si insulele din Pacific. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Ele sunt pasari care in natura traiesc in stoluri mari, au o viata sociala dezvoltata. Daca ne-am hotarat sa cumparam o asemenea pasare, e bine sa cumparam cel putin o pereche, deoarece singure nu traiesc foarte mult si sufera. Ele se inmultesc bine in captivitate, acesta este un alt beneficiu al cresterii unei perechi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Zebrele australiene traiesc in salbaticie 12-15 ani, in captivitate perioada este redusa, in medie 8 ani. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Va prezentam cateva notiuni de baza in ingijirea zebrelor australiene, o specie din ce in ce mai indragita printre iubitorii de pasari din tara noastra. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Zebrele australiene pot fi tinute in colivii sau in aviarii, in apartament sau pe balcon. Ele tolereaza in general conditii din cele mai diverse, sunt destul de adaptabile, totusi: nu le tineti intr-un loc prea umed; evitati expunerea la soare puternic; evitati schimbarile rapide de temperatura, deoarece au nevoie de o perioada de aclimatizare. Temperatura minima este de 10-15 grade, iar cea maxima 38-40. Temperatuta optima este de 20-30 grade. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Zebrele apreciaza mult spatiul, deci e bine sa le asigurati o colivie mare sau un aviariu, daca aveti posibilitatea. (mai ales in timpul verii au nevoie de spatiu)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Din colivie nu trebuie sa lipseasca o tavita pentru mancare (sau chiar doua, pentru tipuri diferite de mancare), un vas cu apa, nu prea adanc, dar deschis la gura, pentru adapat si un alt vas, mai larg, pentru scaldat. Nu in ultimul rand, zebrele australiene au nevoie de un ..cuib. Acesta va fi agatat in partea superioara a coliviei sau aviariului, si nu va avea dimensiuni foarte mari (12 X 12 X 12 cm). El poate fi confectionat usor din placaj sau din carton mai gros, de forma cubica, cu intrarea situata sus, pe une din fete. In cuib se va pune cam o treime un strat de iarba uscata. Iarba uscata, precum si alte materiale de constructie, vom arunca, ca din greseala, si prin colivie, deoarece le place sa isi construiasca singure cuibul.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Dieta: seminte pentru pasarile de talie mica. Meiul este potrivit, si ar trebui sa aiba acces permanent la el. Suplimente de hrana: galbenus de ou faramitat, coji de ou sfaramate (pentru calciu) si bine spalate inainte, frunze de salata, frunze de papadie (toate acestea spalate bine, e foarte important pentru sanatatea lor). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;Apa de baut trebuie schimbata de doua ori pe zi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Periodic, ar trebui consultat un medic veterinar. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Adititivi de mancare &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Zebrele sunt mari amatoare de oua si de biscuiti si daca le puneti la dispozitie un ameste format din cele doua alimente vor manca in cantitati mari ... cam cat le dati atata vor manca. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;Acest amestec este folosit doar ca o variate de mancare, crescatorii nu au observat imbunatatiri in ceea ce priveste sistemul imunitar, sau osos al pasarilor, are doar rol de desert.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;EN-US&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Puteti face un amestec din urmatoarele produse: 400 g de amestec format din ou si biscutiti ( exista in comert bisuiti pentru pasari, se pot folosi si cei pt. pisici sau caini); 200 g cereale pentru copii; 200 g musli si 20 g lapte praf.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Acest tip de amestec este recomandat puilor, il puteti administra pe o perioada de 3 saptamani, ii ajuta sa inceapa mai usor sa manance seminte.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Apa este un element foarte important, nu trebuie sa lipseasca niciodata; conform caracteristicilor speciei, zebrele pot supravietui fara apa o zi, unii spun ca pot rezista fara apa chiar si o saptamana... dar nu e cazul sa incercati, asa ca, aveti grija ca apa sa fie proaspata si tot timpul al dispozitie.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Pasarile de companie - masuri de siguranta &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Convietuirea cu o pasare implica si cateva masuri de precautie carora foarte putine persoane le dau importanta inainte de a-si procura o pasare de companie. Astfel, trebuie sa fim constienti ca anumite obiecte care se gasesc in mod obisnuit in casele noastre sau anumite obiceiuri pe care le avem pot fi daunatoare si chiar fatale pasarilor de apartament.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Plantele de apartament pot fi periculoase pentru pasari!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Pasarile au tendinta sa ciuguleasca mugurii, frunzele si tulpinile plantelor ca atare sau in cautare de insecte - acest comportament este instinctiv, fiind una dintre modalitatile prin care pasarea isi procura hrana in libertate. Anumite plante de apartament contin substante extrem de toxice pentru pasari, iar altele, chiar daca nu sunt toxice in sine, prin tratarea cu diverse produse specifice (insecticide, fertilizatori) pot deveni otravitoare. Prin urmare, accesul pasarilor la plantele de apartament trebuie limitat sau supravegheat indeaproape. In acelasi timp, chiar daca plantele nu sunt periculoase pentru pasare, pasarea este periculoasa pentru plante - nimeni nu isi doreste ca plantele preferate sa fie distruse de un perus neastamparat sau de un pitigoi insistent.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Atentie gospodine! Tigaile de teflon si produsele de curatat spray emana vapori toxici pentru pasari!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Colivia poate sta oriunde altundeva decat in bucatarie - chiar daca ne-am dori un companion in plictisitoarele ore in care trebuie sa gatim, este mai bine sa renuntam la aceasta placere decat sa punem in pericol inutil viata pasarii. Gatitul ingreuneaza aerul dintr-o incapere si trebuie sa luam in considerare faptul ca aparatul respirator al pasarilor este mult mai sensibil decat al nostru. Tigaile de teflon in special si in general vasele teflonate sau acoperite cu material non-adeziv, desi ne usureaza gatitul, emana vapori toxici cand se incing peste o anumita limita. Acesti vapori toxici pot omori o pasare de apartament in cateva minute - de aceea, este bine sa ne luam toate masurile de siguranta si sa plasam colivia cat mai departe de bucatarie, intr-o zona bine aerisita.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;In acelasi timp, in timp ce facem curat, este bine sa mutam colivia intr-o alta zona a casei sau, in cel mai rau caz, sa o acoperim bine cu o panza curata, pentru ca spray-urile cu detergenti de geamuri sau de mobilier sunt si ele foarte toxice pentru pasare. Dupa ce am facut curat, este bine sa nu aducem colivia inapoi sau sa nu o descoperim pana cand produsele de curatat nu s-au uscat si camera nu s-a aerisit suficient. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Alte substante toxice pentru pasare&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vopselele, inalbitorii, amoniacul, anumiti adezivi, dizolvantii sunt substante extrem de toxice pentru pasare - vaporii acestora sunt foarte usor absorbiti de plamanii pasarii si prin urmare, fatali. De asemenea, produse aparent inofensive dar care emana mirosuri puternice si vapori, cum ar fi oja si lacul de unghii, deodorantul, parfumurile, crema de ghete, sunt la fel de periculoase atunci cand sunt utilizate in preajma pasarii. O precautie suplimentara se recomanda fumatorilor, deoarece fumul de orice fel, inclusiv cel de tigara, produce leziuni ai plamanilor pasarii si este, prin urmare, periculos. Nu fumam langa colivia pasarii sau, daca totusi fumam, trebuie sa ne asiguram ca incaperea este ventilata suficient. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Ferestrele deschise si dorul de libertate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Orice pasare va avea tendinta sa-si ia zborul printr-o fereastra deschisa si riscam sa o pierdem. In plus, chiar daca fereastra este inchisa, dar nu este protejata de perdele, pasarea nu va sti ca intre ea si libertate exista geamuri - va zbura si se va lovi de ele, ceea ce poate fi periculos mai ales la pasarile de dimensiuni mici, fragile. Este bine stiut ca fracturile sunt de obicei fatale pasarilor, deoarece sunt greu, daca nu imposibil de tratat. Daca lasam pasarea libera in casa, trebuie inainte sa ne asiguram ca toate ferestrele sunt inchise si protejate de perdele sau draperii, astfel incat pasarea sa nu aiba impresia ca poate zbura afara. De asemenea, pentru anumite pasari, se recomanda cuparea aripilor, ca sa nu poata zbura.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Alte posibile pericole pentru pasari&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Copiii, mai ales cei mici, care nu isi dau seama cata putere au in manute, pot face rau pasarii - nu trebuie sa lasam copiii sa se joace cu pasarea nesupravegheati indeaproape. De asemenea, daca lasam pasarea libera in casa, trebuie sa fim precauti, sa nu o prindem in usa (sau sa nu fie prinsa accidental intr-o usa inchisa de curent), sa nu o calcam si sa nu rastoarne obiecte in echilibru instabil, care ar putea cadea peste ea. Vom tine capacul WC-ului inchis (sau usa de la WC inchisa) pentru ca pasarile pot incerca sa bea apa, pot aluneca si se pot ineca in vasul de WC. Atentie la alte animale de casa, in special pisici si caini; chiar daca nu au intentia de a face rau pasarii, o pot rani sau chiar ucide in joaca.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;In concluzie, nu plasati cusca in locuri expuse fumului, vaporilor si gazelor de la bucatarie, nu utilizati spray-uri si substante volatile in preajma pasarii si supravegheati pasarea in prezenta copiilor, a altor animale de casa si aveti grija la ferestrele deschise, sau inchise si neprotejate de draperii. In acest fel va asigurati ca pasarea dumneavoastra de companie este in siguranta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Articole actuale: Manifestari de agresivitate la pasari de companie &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Manifestari de agresivitate la pasari de companie &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Anumiti posesori de pasari se plang de faptul ca acestea, desi aflate in perfecta stare de sanatate, sunt agresive, chiar daca in aparenta nu au facut nimic care sa determine acest comportament. In alte cazuri, posesorii de pasari constata ca favoritul (sau favorita) lor a devenit agresiv peste noapte. Cum se explica totusi agresivitatea pasarilor sanatoase?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Cateva notiuni de &quot;psihologie&quot; avicola&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;In stare de libertate, pasarile traiesc in grupuri cu o &quot;ierarhie sociala&quot; bine stabilita. Exemplarele mai puternice ocupa pozitii superioare in aceasta ierarhie, iar exemplarele mai slabe ocupa pozitiile inferioare. Astfel, atunci cand un grup se opreste din zbor pentru odihna, membrii acestuia vor ocupa in spatiul disponibil (crengile unui copac, de exemplu) pozitii corespunzatoare locului detinut in ierahie. Orice membru al grupului care ocupa accidental o creanga superioara celei cuvenite este &quot;penalizat&quot; de exemplarele de rang superior.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Pozitia custii si &quot;ierarhia sociala&quot; in captivitate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Pentru pasare, stapanul si familia acestuia reprezinta membrii grupului din care face parte. Astfel, pasarea se va manifesta fata de acestia ca fata de membrii unui grup de pasari. Prin urmare, cu cat colivia este plasata mai sus, cu atat pasarea care o ocupa va fi mai sigura pe pozitia ei superioara in cadrul grupului, ceea ce poate determina un comportament mai agresiv in relatiile cu stapanul si familia acestuia. De obicei, simpla mutare a custii sub un anumit nivel al camerei este suficienta pentru a inlatura manifestarile de agresivitate ale pasarii.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Pasarile tinute pe umar sunt mai agresive?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Majoritatea celor care au pasari de apartament isi invata companionii sa le stea pe umar - chiar si in timpul activitatilor casnice. Pasarea tinuta astfel pe umar, la o distanta destul de mare de sol, &quot;se simte&quot; intr-o pozitie superioara; prin urmare, pasari care in cusca sau in alte pozitii decat pe umar nu se manifesta in general agresiv, pot avea astfel de manifestari brusc, fara un motiv aparent. Este adevarat ca o &quot;ciupitura&quot; de perus nu este decat neplacuta nu si periculoasa, dar in cazul pasarilor cu cioc mare si puternic, se recomanda precautie.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Asadar, pentru a ameliora manifestarile agresive este suficient sa mutam cusca mai jos si sa fim precauti in cazul in care obisnuim pasarea pe umar - aceste masuri pot &quot;rezolva&quot; problema agresivitatii si la pasarile cu personalitate agresiva innascuta. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Boli care se pot transmite de la pasari la om &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Cazurile in care pasarile de colivie pot transmite zoonoze sunt destul de rare. Totusi, vom trece in revista cateva dintre afectiunile comune, atat omului, cat si pasarilor de companie, insistand asupra faptului ca incidenta transmiterii este nesemnificativa.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Micoze, eczeme: Din acest punt de vedere, micobacteriozele – grupul de ciuperci care cauzeaza tuberculoza – sunt cele care au un potential crescut in a afecta omul. Exista peste 50 de specii de micobacterii care pot afecta atat animalele, cat si oamenii; dintre acestea, M. Tuberculosis este responsabila de tuberculoza umana iar M. avium si M. genavense sunt cele doua specii care cauzeaza boala in mod frecvent la pasari. Nu s-au raportat cazuri in care speciile specifice pasarilor au cauzat boala la om.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Boli parazitare: Majoritatea parazitilor externi care afecteaza pasarile de colivie sunt specifici acestora; sunt extrem de rare cazurile in care paduchii sau raia se pot transmite de la o pasare infestata la om, desi este posibil ca acestia sa fie detectabili pe acesta, fara insa a-l afecta.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Giardia si Cryptosporidium sunt doua parazitoze des intalnite la pasarile de colivie care pot cauza afectiuni ale aparatului digestiv la om, de multe ori greu de tratat. Aceste organisme, in cazul in care infesteaza pasarile de companie, le pot cauza acestora tulburari gastrointestinale severe. Cu toate acestea, s-au inregistrat foarte rar cazuri in care giardiozele si cryptosporidiozele au fost transmise de la o pasare infestata la om, acesta contractandu-le de obicei independent.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Boli de natura bacteriana: Salmoneloza, colibaciloza (E. Coli), campylobacterioza si, mai rar, chlamydiaza (psitacoza) sunt cele mai comune organisme bacteriene sau similare bacteriilor care pot cauza boli si la om. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Salmoneloza este cauzata de o multitudine de specii ale genului. Desi este des intalnita la pasarile de curte si la struti, afecteaza in rara cazuri pasarile de colivie. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Escherichia coli (E. coli) este o bacterie care poate cauza, prin simpla existenta in organsimul contaminat si in special la om, o mare varietate de afectiuni, de la diaree apoasa la cistita hemoragica si sindromul hemolitic uremic. Nu exista suficiente dovezi ca E. coli se-ar transmite de la pasari la om.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Boli virale: Exista trei zoonoze specifice pasarilor - Virusul Encefalitei Cabaline Estic, Vestic si Venezuelez (EEE, WEE si VEE) insa afecteaza in general pasari aflate in stare salbatica; nu s-au inregistrat infectii de acest gen transmise de pasarile de colivie la om. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitaminele si rolul lor în organismele vii&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;• Vitamina A • Vitamina D • Vitamina B17 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Timp de secole marinarii care plecau în lungi călătorii aveau de înfruntat nu numai furiile naturii ci şi o boală misterioasă, care le făcea oasele casante, gingiile sângerânde, totul culminând - în cazurile grave - cu moartea individului. Această boală este cunoscută şi astăzi sub numele de scorbut. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;A trecut multă vreme până să se gândească cineva că există o legătură strânsă între lipsa alimentelor proaspete şi apariţia scorbutului, şi abia în 1747 s-a demonstrat că citricele previn apariţia acestei boli. În anul 1928, un chimist a identificat substanţa activă din citrice (prezentă şi în alte fructe şi legume proaspete) responsabilă de prevenirea şi tratarea scorbutului. Această substanţă a fost denumită vitamina C. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;În anul 1911 a fost descoperită, prin izolare din tărâţele de orez o substanţă care vindecă boala beri-beri, şi care a fost numită vitamină, adică amină vitală, indispensabilă vieţii. Era vorba de vitamina B1. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitaminele, împreună cu enzimele şi hormonii, se găsesc în organism în cantitate mică şi contribuie la reglarea proceselor metabolice. Pentru creştere şi dezvoltare, organismele vegetale şi animale au nevoie - pe lângă constituenţii de bază ai materiei vii (proteine, glucide, lipide) - de substanţe anorganice şi de substanţe organice cu rol funcţional, care să stimuleze şi să regleze procesele metabolice. Acestea sunt vitaminele şi substanţele minerale, care mai poartă denumirea de micronutrienţi. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Lipsa vitaminelor din alimentaţie provoacă tulburări grave ale organismului, numite boli de carenţă. Lipsa totală a unei vitamine se numeşte avitaminoză şi poate duce la moartea animalului respectiv. De cele mai multe ori, apare o lipsă parţială a vitaminelor, cunoscută sub numele de hipovitaminoză, iar tulburările metabolice în acest caz sunt mai puţin grave. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Excesul de vitamine în alimentaţie poate duce la hipervitaminoze, care se manifestă, de asemenea, prin apariţia unor dezechilibre în desfăşurarea proceselor metabolice. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Prin aport vitaminic corect în alimentaţie, starea carenţială se elimină. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;În evoluţia hipovitaminozelor şi a avitaminozelor, la început se observă anumite tulburări generale, cum ar fi lipsa poftei de mâncare, slăbirea activităţii fizice şi intelectuale, scăderea în greutate, oprirea creşterii la organismele tinere, stare de moleşeală şi inactivitate. După acest stadiu iniţial, boala capătă un caracter specific, determinat de felul vitaminelor deficitare. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Pentru a preveni dereglările metabolice determinate de lipsa unor vitamine din hrană, alimentaţia trebuie să fie cât mai echilibrată şi să cuprindă toate principiile alimentare. Vitaminele sunt sintetizate de plante şi numai în foarte mică măsură de organismele animale. Animalele îşi procură vitaminele din hrană, fie ca atare, fie sub formă de precursori de vitamine (provitamine) care se transformă ulterior în organism în vitamine. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Există 13 vitamine. Patru dintre ele - vitaminele A, D, E şi K - sunt depozitate în ţesuturile grase din organism (sunt aşa-numitele vitamine liposolubile). Nouă vitamine sunt solubile în apă (hidrosolubile) şi sunt depozitate în organismul animal în cantităţi extrem de mici. Acestea sunt vitamina C şi cele opt vitamine din grupul B: tiamina (B1), riboflavina (B2), niacina (B3), piridoxina (B6), acidul pantotenic (B5), cobalamina (B12), biotina şi acidul folic (B9). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;În cantităţi mici, vitaminele sunt necesare pentru un proces normal de creştere, digestie, îndeplinirea funcţiilor cerebrale şi rezistenţă la infecţii. În circuitul sanguin trebuie să existe în permanenţă o cantitate optimă de vitamine. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Excesul de vitamine hidrosolubile se elimină prin urină, iar cel de vitamine liposolubile se depozitează în ţesuturi (ficat sau ţesutul adipos). Deoarece sunt depozitate şi nu eliminate, ele pot deveni toxice. Organismul uman este sensibil mai ales la excesul de vitamine A şi D. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitamina A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Mai este cunoscută şi sub numele de retinol, vitamina antixeroftalmică sau vitamina creşterii. În stare pură se prezintă sub formă de ulei (vit. A2) sau cristale (vit. A1) de culoare galbenă &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Este extrem de sensibilă la lumină, în special radiaţii ultraviolete. În plante se află sub formă de provitamine A - carotenoidele, dintre care cel mai cunoscut este beta-carotenul. La nivelul ficatului şi intestinului acestea sunt transformate în retinoli. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Beta-carotenul se găseşte în toate legumele şi fructele, dar în cantitate mai mare se află în morcov, spanac, urzici, varză, măceşe, roşii, citrice, cătină, pepeni, porumb etc. Vitamina A se găseşte ca atare în uleiul de peşte, ficat, lapte, gălbenuşul de ou, unt. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitaminele A au un rol important în creşterea organismelor tinere, în protejarea mucoaselor şi epiteliilor şi în procesul vederii. Carenţa de vitamină A se manifestă prin dereglări ale ţesutului epitelial, pielea devine uscată şi cornoasă, se produc tulburări oculare, care în cazul carenţelor grave duc la apariţia xeroftalmiei (orbul găinilor). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Beta-carotenul este un colorant natural netoxic, care se foloseşte în industria alimentară, farmaceutică, medicină, cosmetică şi în hrana animalelor. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Cantitatea zilnică necesară de beta-caroten este de 5000 - 8000 UI. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Hipervitaminozele A provoacă fenomene toxice şi fragilitate. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitamina D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Sunt vitamine liposolubile. Se găsesc în alimente, atât în stare liberă cât şi sub formă de provitamine (sub formă de steroli). Se cunosc mai multe vitamine D, notate D2 - D7. Vitaminele D nu pot fi sintetizate de organismul animal. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Transformarea provitaminelor D în vitamine D se face sub acţiunea energiei solare, a radiaţiilor ultraviolete. La mamifere şi păsări, vitaminele D se formează în piele, blană şi pene. La om vitamina D3 se formează în cantitate mai mare în piele. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitaminele D sunt substanţe rezistente la temperatură. În cantitate mai mare se găsesc în uleiul de peşte, ficat, unt, ouă, lapte, piele, drojdie de bere etc. Cele mai mari cantităţi de vitamina D se găsesc în uleiul de ficat de peşte şi în grăsimea subcutanată. Produsele vegetale sunt sărace în vitamina D cu excepţia unor ciuperci şi a boabelor de cacao. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitaminele D au un rol fiziologic foarte important. Ele favorizează absorbţia calciului şi a fosforului şi formarea sistemului osos. Rolul fundamental al vitaminei D constă în reglarea metabolismului calciului şi a fosforului în procesul de osificare. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;În avitaminoze D apare rahitismul la copii şi osteomalacia (demineralizarea) la adulţi. Vitaminele D se mai numesc şi antirahitice deoarece previn şi vindecă rahitismul. Osteomalacia se manifestă la adulţi prin demineralizarea şi înmuierea oaselor, micşorarea în volum şi deformarea lor. Osteoporoza se caracterizează prin rarefierea oaselor. Vitaminele D influenţează favorabil metabolismul lipidelor şi acumularea acidului citric în sânge, care are rol însemnat în procesul de osificare. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Excesul de vitamine D duce la demineralizarea oaselor şi la apariţia calculilor (renali, hepatici etc.). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Necesarul zilnic de vitamină D pentru adulţi este de 100 - 150 UI, iar la copii de 120 - 200 UI. Se recomandă ca în cazul unor fracturi sau apariţiei unor tulburări metabolice ale calciului şi fosforului, să se mărească doza zilnică la 500 - 700 UI. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Vitamina B17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Nu, nu este vorba de binecunoscutul bombardier american! Este vorba despre o vitamină, mai puţin cunoscută, dar foarte controversată în lumea medicală. După ani de cercetări, biochimistul dr. Ernest Krebs a izolat, în 1950, o nouă vitamină pe care a denumit-o B17 - cunoscută şi sub numele de amigdalină (sau laetrile). &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Se face din ce în ce mai auzită opinia conform căreia cancerul ar fi o boală cauzată de o deficienţă nutriţională. Nu ar fi vorba despre o bacterie, un virus sau o toxină misterioasă, ci pur şi simplu despre absenţa unei substanţe pe care omul modern a eliminat-o din dieta sa: vitamina B17. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Sâmburii de caise - pe care îi mâncam cu mare plăcere când eram copii - sunt cea mai bogată sursă naturală de vitamina B17. În general, seminţele fructelor (mai puţin citricele) conţin această substanţă, care le conferă un gust amărui, specific. Conform studiilor dr. Krebs, consumul zilnic a 7-10 sâmburi de caise previne apariţia cancerului. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Amigdalina este alcătuită din două molecule de glucoză, o moleculă de acid cianhidric (compus anti-neoplastic) şi o moleculă de benzaldehidă (analgezic). Comercial, amigdalina (vitamina B17) se prepară din sâmburii de caise. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Tratamentul, considerat în prezent neconvenţional, constă în injectarea intravenoasă a unor doze de amigdalină timp de două-trei săptămâni, urmat de doze orale, pentru menţinere. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Această metodă nu este acceptată de medicina &quot;ortodoxă&quot;, care reclamă lipsa unor dovezi concrete legate de proprietăţile vitaminei B17 de prevenire şi vindecare a cancerului. Însăşi încadrarea amigdalinei ca �vitamină� este contestată. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Studiile sponsorizate de Institutul Naţional al Cancerului nu au putut pune în evidenţă proprietăţile terapeutice ale amigdalinei sintetizate din sâmburii de caisă în vindecarea cancerului. În plus, au fost înregistrate cazuri de deces prin otrăvire cu cianură în urma unor doze orale de amigdalină. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Adepţii terapiei neconvenţionale (pro-amigdalină) declară că există dovezi în sprijinul tratamentului cu amigdalină, dar că ele nu sunt luate în considerare, din motive financiar-politice: companiile farmaceutice multinaţionale nu sunt interesate de promovarea acestui tratament, ele neavând nici un drept (brevet, patent) asupra vitaminei B17. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Tratamentul cancerului cu vitamina B17 este ilegal în SUA - pacienţii suferinzi de cancer care-şi pun speranţe în această metodă trebuind să urmeze tratamentul specific la clinici din alte ţări: Australia, Germania, Belgia, Anglia, Grecia, Israel, Italia, Mexic, Peru, Spania, Elveţia etc. Costul unui asfel de tratament variază între 2000 şi 5000 USD pe săptămână... &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Până ce medicina modernă va proba eficienţa sau ineficienţa acestui tratament, un ... sâmbure de adevăr există. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Amigdalina era cunoscută cu mii de ani în urmă, în China şi Egiptul antic, fiind extrasă din migdale amare (de unde vine şi denumirea). Un papirus egiptean, vechi de peste 5000 de ani, menţionează utilizarea &quot;aqua amigdalorum&quot; în tratamentul unor tumori ale pielii. Grecii şi romanii s-au folosit, la rândul lor, de proprietăţile terapeutice ale amigdalinei. De asemenea, numeroase triburi de indieni (Navajo, Karakorum etc) consumă frecvent băuturi preparate din sâmburi de fructe, bogate în amigdalină � în rândul acestora neînregistrându-se nici un caz de cancer. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;bbtext&quot;&gt;Nu ştim de partea cui este dreptatea, timpul şi cercetările ce vor fi întreprinse vor lămuri această dispută. Poate că sursa naturală (sâmburele) este mult mai bună decât compusul comercial.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;&quot; lang=&quot;DE&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/6505268933625878075/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/02/zebra-australiana.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6505268933625878075'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/6505268933625878075'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/02/zebra-australiana.html' title='Zebra australiana'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6121995727446571893.post-3461207683364764064</id><published>2011-02-10T13:18:00.001+02:00</published><updated>2011-02-10T13:20:43.341+02:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Beatbox extrem hip hop rap under ground battle vocal q w e r t y u i o p l k j h g f d s a z x c v b n m"/><title type='text'>Beatbox extrem</title><content type='html'>&lt;iframe allowfullscreen=&#39;allowfullscreen&#39; webkitallowfullscreen=&#39;webkitallowfullscreen&#39; mozallowfullscreen=&#39;mozallowfullscreen&#39; width=&#39;320&#39; height=&#39;266&#39; src=&#39;https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dyvhSZhuZnm9PLg7xNRq6_SFd7qI5790h0yVD0zjouY2Z5fPHFTb5jXJQdelLuWSBphdnLE42pLpy-0cr0J6Q&#39; class=&#39;b-hbp-video b-uploaded&#39; frameborder=&#39;0&#39;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/feeds/3461207683364764064/comments/default' title='Postare comentarii'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/02/beatbox-extrem.html#comment-form' title='0 comentarii'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3461207683364764064'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/6121995727446571893/posts/default/3461207683364764064'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://yorasta27.blogspot.com/2011/02/beatbox-extrem.html' title='Beatbox extrem'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/08872875313888532741</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>