Young and Adult Sexual Reproductive Health

FORECLOSED PROPERTIES FOR SALE: PNB FORECLOSED PROPERTIES-FOR SALE

2013-06-13T17:20:00.001-07:00

FORECLOSED PROPERTIES FOR SALE: PNB FORECLOSED PROPERTIES-FOR SALE: PNB Asset Gazette 201206 v7 by alevars http://www.scribd.com/ ITEM # LOCATION DESCRIPTION TCT LAND AREA IMPROVEMENT (AREA) MINI...

Hindi na KAMI Bata PARA SA RH

2011-12-15T04:32:00.000-08:00

Source: http://www.google.com.ph/

Contraceptive Implants (2008)

2011-12-12T06:51:00.001-08:00

Contraceptive Implants (2008)

A contraceptive implant is a safe, reversible family planning method that consists of small hormone-releasing rods inserted underneath the skin. This fact sheet describes the contraceptive implants in use today: Norplant, Jadelle, Sino-implant, and Implanon. It explains how they work, who can use them, and their respective efficacies, potential side effects, and health benefits.

RH NOW

2011-12-07T16:37:00.000-08:00

http://www.google.com.ph/imgres

A young RH advocate explains why we need

2011-12-07T16:32:00.000-08:00

Source: http://www.google.com.ph/search?client=opera&rls=en&q=young+reproductive+health&oe=utf-8&channel=suggest&um=1&hl=tl&biw=1024&bih=578&ie=UTF-8&tbm=isch&source=og&sa=N&tab=bi&ei=Ff7fTqGWBeGaiAfKs5igBQ

HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections

2011-12-07T16:18:00.000-08:00

HIV, AIDS, and Sexually Transmitted Infections: Publications and resources – EngenderHealth
Strategic Considerations for Strengthening the Linkages between Family Planning and HIV/AIDS Policies, Programs, and Services– Family Health International
HIV/AIDS Resources: Reducing the global incidence of HIV and fully protect the rights of people living with HIV – IPPF
HIV/AIDS Publications – Pathfinder International
HIV/AIDS Resources: MSM consultations, Fact Sheet, Testing and Prevention – Population Council
Condom Programming for HIV Prevention: A Manual for Service Providers – UNFPA
Global Guidance Briefs: HIV Interventions for Young People – UNFPA

http://gojoven.org/sexual-and-reproductive-health/

Sexual and Reproductive Health Resources

2011-12-07T16:11:00.000-08:00

Contraception and Family Planning
Family Planning: Contraceptive Resources – EngenderHealth
Contraceptive Fact Sheet and FAQs – Family Health International
SRH Resources: Media Kits, Fact Sheets, Reports and Slides Shows – Guttmacher Institute
Family Planning: A Global Handbook for Providers – The Info Project at John’s Hopkins
Access to Family Planning: Reaching vulnerable and under-served communities – International Federation Planned Parenthood (IPPF)
Family Planning and Contraception Resources – Pathfinder International
Reproductive Health: Overview, Impact and SRH Resources – Population Council
Myths, Misperceptions and Fears Addressing Condom Use Barriers – UNFPA
Reducing Unmet Need for Family Planning: Evidence-based Strategies and Approaches – UNFPA

http://gojoven.org/sexual-and-reproductive-health/

Limits to modern contraceptive use among young women in developing countries: a systematic review of qualitative research

2011-12-07T15:58:00.000-08:00

Background

Improving the reproductive health of young women in developing countries requires access to safe and effective methods of fertility control, but most rely on traditional rather than modern contraceptives such as condoms or oral/injectable hormonal methods. We conducted a systematic review of qualitative research to examine the limits to modern contraceptive use identified by young women in developing countries. Focusing on qualitative research allows the assessment of complex processes often missed in quantitative analyses.
Methods

Literature searches of 23 databases, including Medline, Embase and POPLINE®, were conducted. Literature from 1970–2006 concerning the 11–24 years age group was included. Studies were critically appraised and meta-ethnography was used to synthesise the data.
Results

Of the 12 studies which met the inclusion criteria, seven met the quality criteria and are included in the synthesis (six from sub-Saharan Africa; one from South-East Asia). Sample sizes ranged from 16 to 149 young women (age range 13–19 years). Four of the studies were urban based, one was rural, one semi-rural, and one mixed (predominantly rural). Use of hormonal methods was limited by lack of knowledge, obstacles to access and concern over side effects, especially fear of infertility. Although often more accessible, and sometimes more attractive than hormonal methods, condom use was limited by association with disease and promiscuity, together with greater male control. As a result young women often relied on traditional methods or abortion. Although the review was limited to five countries and conditions are not homogenous for all young women in all developing countries, the overarching themes were common across different settings and contexts, supporting the potential transferability of interventions to improve reproductive health.
Conclusion

Increasing modern contraceptive method use requires community-wide, multifaceted interventions and the combined provision of information, life skills, support and access to youth-friendly services. Interventions should aim to counter negative perceptions of modern contraceptive methods and the dual role of condoms for contraception and STI prevention should be exploited, despite the challenges involved.

Source: http://www.reproductive-health-journal.com/content/6/1/3

Other source: http://www.tucp.org.ph/projects/fp-rh-in-the-work-place

HIV and AIDS prevention

2011-01-03T18:49:00.000-08:00

Fast Car: Travelling Safely around the World

2011-01-03T18:48:00.000-08:00

is a racing game that helps you to learn about HIV and AIDS prevention and takes you on a tour of some of the World's Heritage sites.

The game aims to provide young people with accurate and reliable information about HIV prevention, intending to educate and entertain as well as promoting healthy behaviour. In this game, the player can race on circuits on five continents, and virtually visit some of the UNESCO World Heritage sites. It also presents images of sites and interesting facts about them as players race by.

There are two tracks for each continent - a Preliminary track and a Championship track. Every track has a set of check points. At the check point, one can take part in a Mini-Quiz, and possibly earn a time bonus. In the mini-quiz, the player will be asked a multiple-choice question related to HIV and AIDS prevention.
Download here http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/crosscutting-priorities/hiv-and-aids/fast-car-travelling-safely-around-the-world/

Be safe today, tomorrow and everyday!

Source:

Anna Lee M. Fos
Youth/Research/Human and Trade Union Rights Monitoring Officer
Trade Union Congress of the Philippines (TUCP)
TUCP-PGEA Compound, Masaya & Maharlika Sts., Diliman, Quezon City
Mobile: +63 908 584 0541/+63 917 855 1225
Direct Line: +632 922 0917/433 2208
TUCP Fax: +632 921 9758
Email: tucpresearch@gmail.com
secretariat@trafficking.org.ph
Website: http://www.tucp.org.ph/; http://www.trafficking.org.ph/v5/

PARTO NORMAL - COMPLETO

2010-09-10T13:13:00.000-07:00

Common Concern

2010-08-17T17:08:00.000-07:00

Stay informed of the World YWCA's work in over 125 countries by subscribing to Common Concern, a magazine that documents and profiles the work of the movement. Published three times a year, Common Concern, highlights the global issues women and girls face around the world as they relate to the World YWCA's strategic plan. Common Concern is available in English, French and Spanish.
Sign up for your annual subscription today, which will includes three Common Concerns , the World YWCA Annual Report and the YWCA-YMCA Week of Prayer Booklet .

June 2010: Comprehensive Prevention for a Safer World

In a world where the spread of HIV and violence intersect, and where women and girls are disproportionately affected, a comprehensive approach to prevention is urgently needed. Central to this is the creation of safe spaces where women and girls can make choices about their sexual and reproductive health and live free from violence, stigma and discrimination.

March 2010: Beyond Beijing

When the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action were adopted, the YWCA movement was there. 15 years later, we reflect on what this meant for the YWCA then and what it means to us now.

http://www.worldywca.org/Resources/Common-Concern

What does sexual and reproductive health rights mean to young women of the world?

2010-08-17T16:56:00.000-07:00

Maria Morena Galvelo, World YWCA Board Member and YWCA of Philippines member
Contraception, sexuality, pregnancy, violence, menstruation, sexually transmitted infections…it can be information overload for young women when discussing sexual and reproductive health rights. We asked young women from around the world to share what sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR) means to them.
Maria Morena Galvelo, 30, Philippines (World YWCA Board Member and YWCA of Philippines member)

Sexual reproductive health and rights are integral to our existence as humans. God created us with sexuality that should be treated with respect and free from all forms of discrimination and violence that rob human dignity.

It disturbs me to hear that my fellow Filipino women work abroad and suffer physical and sexual abuse from their foreign employers.

Discrimination, cruelty and violence against young women’s SRHR will continue if no action is taken. Everyone plays a role in changing this– individuals, families, communities and the government that leads the nation.
Andrea Núñez Argote, 24, Mexico (World YWCA Advocacy Intern and YWCA of Naucalpan member)

I first heard about sexual reproductive health and rights during my phone interview for the World YWCA Internship. I wasn't sure what it meant or the difference so I used the Internet to find out.

When young people are unaware of SRHR or what the difference is between them, they can make uninformed choices and be left vulnerable to violations of these rights that they start to accept as normal.

I did not get taught sexual or reproductive health at school. These topics were in our health books but teachers just skipped the subject. Only now I realise how important it is for young people that these issues are addressed. Today, teachers still refuse to teach about sexual health.

In the YWCA of Naucalpan we provide workshops for students to understand and exercise their SRHR in the best possible way. We are filling the gap teachers do not want to fill.
Sita Shahi, 30, Nepal (Srijansil Mahila Samuha, People Living with HIV (PLHA) women’s group)

Sexual reproductive health and rights are important to young people. Due to the lack of education on sexual and reproductive health, many women are becoming infected with HIV. If young women are not informed of their sexual and reproductive health rights, they can engage in risky sexual behaviour which can lead to HIV and sexually transmitted infections. Family, school and society need to talk openly about these issues.

Women who are uninformed of SRHR can become victims of physical and mental violence, early and unplanned pregnancy and HIV.

Young women have a right to live a free life and their SRHR should not be exploited.
Sepora Tagaloa, 22, America Samoa (World YWCA Board member and YWCA of America Samoa member)

I am a young woman that belongs to a conservative culture that labels all things sexual as taboo. I learned about my sexual health when I was prescribed birth control to regulate an irregular cycle. The nurse scoffed at me, presuming I was an out-of-control sexually active teenager. I was 14 years old and unaware of what my body was experiencing. My parents, and schools I attended did not discuss my reproductive health.

I believe sexual education should be included in the education framework of primary schooling. Providing young women with sexual education enables them to make well-informed decisions about their sexual health. Also, providing the entire community with sexual education will generate an open and understanding perspective for the betterment of young women’s social and sexual wellbeing.
Aika Temu, 30, Tanzania (World YWCA Accountant)

Wait until you’re married. Abstain. You will get an STD. Pregnant. No man will want you. He is your husband. You must please him. Condoms are against Gods plans for procreation…a snapshot of the information young women received where I grew up.

No one talked about how to handle advances from men in positions of power, how to negotiate safe sex or the facilities available if you had difficult decisions to make.

So we watched in silence hiding behind guilt, shame, religion, culture and society as women suffered and some died. We have done this for too long.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization Print version ISSN 0042-9686

2010-08-17T16:51:00.000-07:00

Young people, sexual and reproductive health and HIV
Raoul Fransen-dos Santos*

International Civil Society Support, Van Diemenstraat 192, Amsterdam, 1013 CP, Netherlands

One quarter of the world's population is made up of 1.7 billion young people aged 10-24, 1.5 billion of whom live in developing countries where HIV/AIDS has reduced their chances of living to the age of 60 by 20%.1 Despite their vulnerability to HIV infection, young people's needs are often overlooked when national AIDS strategies are designed and implemented.1

Half of all new HIV infections occur among young people, aged 15-24.2 In 2007, an estimated 33.2 million people were living with HIV, 5.4 million of whom were aged 15-24 years. In sub-Saharan Africa, there are 3.2 million young people living with HIV, with a ratio of three young women infected for every young man.3

In 2001, governments committed that 90% of young people would be able to correctly identify modes of HIV transmission and prevention by 2005.4 Yet, by 2007 only 40% of young males and 36% of young females had accurate HIV knowledge.4

Until recently, these statistics were only used to address youth as a target group for prevention messages, rather than allowing each new generation to work through the issues themselves. We are slowly recognizing youth as a resource and actively involving them in finding solutions. Is it too little, too late?

One of the great challenges in HIV prevention is that today's young people have never known a world without AIDS; they did not experience the shocking early days of the "new disease". Improved (access to) treatment has changed HIV and the image of AIDS from a fatal disease to "just a sexually transmitted infection". Many young people are fatigued by prevention campaigns that are out-dated or unrealistic. Not all youth experience the same HIV vulnerabilities. An impoverished young girl in a rural village in Malawi has different needs in terms of effective HIV prevention than emerging gay youth in the favelas of Rio. The key lies in providing young people with the information and tools they need to make safe and healthy choices. But they must be true choices, not based on other people's ideologies.

Girls and boys

Young women and girls are disproportionately vulnerable to contracting HIV/AIDS due to biological factors and structural elements of culture, economic and social inequalities. Marriage and long-term relationships do not protect them from contracting HIV and insisting on abstinence is simply not realistic.

To address the global feminization of the epidemic, policies, programmes, legislative frameworks and social norms must guarantee women's rights, ensure protection from gender-based violence and discrimination. Despite the numerous references in national and international documents to the rights of women and girls, few countries have actually implemented and enforced policies and laws that protect such rights.

While the focus on young women and girls remains necessary, particularly in areas such as sub-Saharan Africa where more than 75% of those living with HIV are female, it risks excluding the very group whose involvement is essential if we are to successfully turn the tide on HIV; namely, young men, particularly those living with HIV.5 The engagement of young men is also essential to improve their own health outcomes.

The importance of directly engaging young men and boys in shaping the response to HIV and AIDS is clearly reflected within the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action. Commitments to ensure special efforts around this have been reiterated in several key international declarations since then.6

Traditional sex education and HIV prevention often focus (intentionally or otherwise) on young women and do not adequately address the needs of young men.7 Sexual and reproductive health clinics are often perceived, and indeed sometimes promote themselves, as "feminine spaces". Young men often feel uncomfortable visiting these clinics, which frequently lack services catering for their specific needs. There is a shortage of male service providers, who have a vital role in helping young men articulate their thoughts and feelings about sex and sexually transmitted infections. Programmes need to be gender-transformative, changing preconceived gender notions and promoting relationships between men and women that are fair and just.8

Prevention

Too often, prevention activities focus merely on the biological or medical facts or provide ideological approaches to sexuality and choice, rather than addressing the needs of young people living with HIV and enabling them to continue living positively.

Young people who contract HIV around birth experience unique challenges. Interventions targeting this group to date have tended to emphasize delaying sexual debut, reducing the number of sexual partners and condom use, rather than providing comprehensive information and support on sexual reproductive health and rights. With an increasing number of young people born with HIV reaching adolescence, it is more important than ever to address the specific needs of this group.

Young people living with HIV have their own specific needs and desires for sexual reproductive health. Greater focus is needed on the specific prevention, treatment and care required by this group, including psychosocial support and sexuality counselling. Such activities should be implemented in a "positive prevention" framework9 that aims to protect their sexual health, avoid other sexually transmitted infections, delay HIV/AIDS disease progression and avoid onward HIV transmission, including mother-to-child transmission, based on the following guiding principles.10

Promotion of human rights

This should ensure the right to privacy, confidentiality, informed consent and voluntary disclosure. Stigma and discrimination - including self-stigma - drive people underground and make prevention even more difficult. A supportive and enabling legal environment is a fundamental cornerstone as it recognizes that prevention strategies based on coercion and criminalization are not the answer.

Involvement

People living with HIV must be involved in the decisions relating to their life. In accordance with the Greater Involvement of People Living with HIV (GIPA) principle, the active engagement of people living with HIV in determining their own prevention approach is key to success in ensuring relevance, efficacy and applicability.

Shared ownership

Positive prevention places the responsibility for reducing HIV transmission on everybody and removes the undue burden on people who are aware of their status. Safer and responsible sexual behaviour is the responsibility of all partners - irrespective of status. Promoting a culture of shared responsibility could also improve communication and equality within relationships.

Recognition of diversity

People living with HIV are heterogeneous and represent a cross-section of all sectors of society. Issues of race, ethnicity, gender, orientation, age, language, and risk profile will all have an effect on how positive prevention initiatives need to be tailored, including approaches adopted in service delivery and programming as well as in advocacy efforts. With clinical settings being one obvious venue for interventions, positive prevention also needs to reach out to networks, organizations and support groups of people living with HIV. Specifically tailored information and support also needs to be provided to key vulnerable populations (sex workers, men who have sex with men and injecting drug users).

Positive prevention has to be conceived as part of the comprehensive prevention agenda. Moreover, HIV programmes should deliver a comprehensive package of inclusive messages - irrespective of status - which could act as a modality for stigma reduction. At a technical consultation held by the Global Network of People living with HIV (GNP+) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) in April 2009, people living with HIV reinforced the importance of a supportive and protective legal and policy environment free of stigma and discrimination in a new framework: "Positive Health, Dignity and Prevention,"11,12 promoting a more holistic approach to prevention, including equitable access to voluntary HIV testing, treatment, care and support services and the need to address psychosocial, economic, educational and sociocultural vulnerabilities, gender and sexuality. In this way positive prevention does not become an excuse for shifting the responsibility for prevention onto people who are already marginalized and particularly vulnerable. Furthermore, it does not aim to have disclosure as an end point - as disclosure does not guarantee safe behaviour(s).

Counselling and testing

Most young people living with HIV do not know their status. Most young people, who have been at risk of HIV infection, have never been tested.13 Merely increasing access to testing will not solve most of the issues around this. Rather than rolling out provider-initiated testing or even mandatory testing, we need to address the obstacles to HIV testing. Focusing efforts on increasing the number of people who know their (positive) status does not mean we will have made any improvements in fighting stigma and discrimination or in providing better care and prevention. Moreover, the different role and concept of counselling in voluntary versus provider-initiated counselling and testing needs to be seriously revised. The importance of good quality counselling (pre- and post-test, but also sexuality counselling) has not been sufficiently recognized in developing or revising strategies to get more people tested.

Sexual rights?

Possibly the greatest challenge is the increasing complexity of HIV. Nearly 30 years into the epidemic, HIV treatment has improved, quality of and access to medication, care and services are improving, but HIV-related stigma is getting worse in many settings, even in western Europe and North America. If we continue to fail to acknowledge, protect and celebrate people's rights and diversity, we are far from pushing back the epidemic. With governments and United Nations agencies struggling to adapt effective strategies on comprehensive sexuality education and counselling - even to mention such wording in publications - and with sexual rights still not much more than a concept, we will not be able to improve the quality of life of so many (young) people. Today's young people will be responsible for sustaining the response to HIV/AIDS. We have to enable new generations to take on this task.

Source:
http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?pid=S0042-96862009001100019&script=sci_arttext

Young Sexual Reproductive Health

2010-07-29T12:41:00.000-07:00

Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Among Filipino Adolescents
A View from the Workplace

Conclusions and Recommendations

Knowledge augmentation
Broaden working youth's knowledge of STDs. There are other varieties of STDs apart from the ones they reported as gonorrhea, HIV and AIDS, syphilis, candidiasis, genital warts, public lice and scabies.
Continue imparting the correct definition of HIV and AIDS, especially the former definition as this was hardly known among the working youth.
Modify several misconceptions of the transmission routes of HIV. Examples of misconceptions requiring modification are those that specify that the virus is transmissible through mosquito bites or by holding someone with AIDS.
Broaden young people's knowledge of effective means of preventing pregnancies and STIs.

Attitudinal and behavioral formation

B.1 Restrained attitudes and practices
Promote the non-acceptability and non-practice of sexual relationships between single adolescents and married individuals;
Promote the acceptability and use of abstinence;
Promote the acceptability and practice of sexual intercourse only within marriage;
Promote the non-acceptability and non-adoption of sexual relationships among individuals who are not ready to face the dire consequence of sex;
Promote the acceptability and adoption of self-stimulation of masturbation as an alternative to dyadic intercourse;
Promote the acceptability and adoption of non-penetrative sexual acts as alternative sexual practices;
Strengthen the non-acceptance and non-adoption of abortion as the first course of action to resolving pregnancy;
Promote the acceptability and adoption of moderation in the practice of sexual and non-sexual behaviors; and
Promote the non-acceptability and non-adoption of sexual relationships without adequate and effective protection.
Promote the recognition, acceptability and use of individual's decision (rather than the decision of the partner or couple) as basis for using protection.

B.2 Permissive attitudes and practices
Promote the acceptability and adoption of sexual relationships so long as these are within the contexts of love relationships and with the view towards marriage;
Promote the acceptability and adoption of sexual relationships so long as adequate and effective protection is used.
Strengthen the acceptance and adoption of abortion as a justifiable recourse of action to resolving pregnancy; and
Further promote the acceptability and judicious use of contraceptives.

General
Include other non-sexual activities in the program's concerns, such as young people's patronage of pornographic materials, alcohol intake, drugs and the like;
Introduce alternative activities (such as sports and quiz games) in which healthy physical and non-physical lifestyles may be promoted;
Utilize television, advertisements, teachers, and movies as media for imparting messages;
Utilize similarly aged peers and young people as interpersonal channels of information and communication, but their knowledge and attitudinal base has to be broadened and developed.
Promote the seriousness of the immediate and long-term consequences of unprotected premarital sexual experience; and
Introduce non-judgmental, anonymous and accessible counseling services that adolescents can whenever problems arise.
For enhanced effectiveness and greater impact, impart messages using visuals, role-playing and emotion-rousing situations.
Embed all the foregoing suggestions within a sound theoretical framework.

Source: alevars@yahoo.com
TUCP