<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><rss xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:openSearch="http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/" xmlns:blogger="http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008" xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/georss" xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr="http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0" version="2.0"><channel><atom:id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694</atom:id><lastBuildDate>Wed, 06 Nov 2024 02:44:13 +0000</lastBuildDate><category>Marketpedia</category><category>Kamus Pemasaran</category><category>Tips</category><category>News</category><category>Penelitian</category><title>Your Marketing Reference</title><description>provides you with a short introduction to the main marketing concept and strategy</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/</link><managingEditor>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</managingEditor><generator>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>99</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-5734689428766345851</guid><pubDate>Sat, 11 Dec 2010 14:43:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-11T06:43:37.837-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>4 Tips On Adding Social Media To Your Email Marketing Mix</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The last few months have seen an unprecedented rush by email marketers  to stake their claims in the new and burgeoning social media  territories. As the number of social media participants continues to  increase exponentially and brand presences proliferate in lockstep, it  is important to avoid rash hastiness in the enactment of your social  media strategy. &lt;br /&gt;
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So, instead of jumping in too quickly, strive to  make your implementation painless and successful for both your brand  and your customers. Here&#39;s how you can do that. &lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Add One Element At A Time&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When  you’re taking the plunge into social media it’s not a good idea to  follow Freddy Mercury’s famous lyric of “I want it all and I want it  now”.&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
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Launching a social media campaign on Day One with a  full-blown presence on Facebook, Twitter, Linked In, and a half a dozen  other sites can be counter-productive. Not only will you be spreading  yourself too thin, but your rollout will seem too “corporate” and not  “organic” enough. &lt;br /&gt;
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The social networks have their own forms of  etiquette which take a bit of time to absorb, so you may want to “learn  the ropes” on a not quite top tier social network such as Skyrock or  MySpace before you leap into Facebook. &lt;br /&gt;
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Limit your expansion to  the social networks that are most relevant to your brand and that you  can adequately service because social media is all about conversation  and if you can’t reply to queries in a day or less, you’re missing the  boat.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Cater Your Speed To Your Segments&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
If your email  list centers on iPhone apps or gaming video cards you can certainly  probe the ragged edge of experimentation in state of the art social  media communication, as you can be certain that your audience is more  than hip enough. However, if your brand deals in mobility scooters or  walk in bathtubs, you would be well advised to take the slow road to  embracing social media. &lt;br /&gt;
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Older and less Internet savvy customers  may still be confused by social media, or even outright wary of it. Take  a good hard look at your demographic segmentation and tone down the  speed and intensity for the prospects who might be scared off by it.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Announce Your Plans&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
You should not limit your social media presence promotion only to a button on your &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.benchmarkemail.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;email marketing campaign&lt;/a&gt;  messages. Discussing your presence in your newsletter, on your blogs  and on your site will draw considerable extra attention and traffic.&lt;br /&gt;
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If  your brand has a sizable conventional media budget, provide your  Facebook Fan Page or Twitter name on your ads. If you need more  convincing, check out how many major corporations are now promoting  their Facebook pages rather than their website URLs on network TV  commercials.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;b&gt;Don’t Expect Instant Results&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
With the  recent news that Facebook has topped half a billion users, many  unsophisticated email marketers expect that they can slap up a Fan Page,  engage in some light banter with a bunch of FBers, and triple gross  sales by the weekend. &lt;br /&gt;
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Unfortunately, establishing a successful  social media presence takes a considerable amount of time and effort.  Not only will you have to work hard at increasing the number of Facebook  fans and Twitter followers, but you will need to keep them constantly  engaged with relevant content and conversation. &lt;br /&gt;
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You may find  that your social media marketing may actually under perform at first as  your brand builds up its “street cred.” Social media participants tend  to place a greater emphasis on reputation than you might think, so  simply presenting them with good selection, discounted prices, and the  rest of the conventional marketing approaches may not be the best way to  social media success. &lt;br /&gt;
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If you can intrigue and enchant the  social media crowd with your brand’s focused relevance and online  responsiveness, you will have found the key to avoiding social  mediocrity and achieving social mediawesomeness. &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/4-tips-on-adding-social-media-to-your.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>3</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-2005498656373313696</guid><pubDate>Fri, 10 Dec 2010 23:27:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-11T15:32:06.110-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Penelitian</category><title>Social Media Top Priority for PR in 2011</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;More than two-thirds (67%) of senior-level public relations (PR) professionals say their companies are now engaging in social media on some level and 69% say social media will be a top priority for PR in 2011, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.prweb.com/releases/social-media-PR/Vocus-survey/prweb4876424.htm&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;according to &lt;/a&gt;a survey from Vocus. Fully 80% of PR professional say social media will be more important in the coming year.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Surveyed PR professionals say social media is maturing in their companies: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;25% say their companies contribute value via social media content.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;23% are sharing brand-related stories via social channels.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;19% are participating in social conversations.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;532&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/assets/images/daily-data-point/social-media-maturity-vocus.jpg&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Another 17% of companies are listening to social media conversations, and 7% respond only when necessary.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Below, other findings from the report titled Social Media Comes of Age: The Vocus 2010 Planning Survey. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Organizations of all sizes are expressing confidence with social media. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Larger organizations (annual revenues of $750 million to $1 billion)  are the most confident: 50% say they are creating value via content  creation.* Small ($1-5 million) and mid-sized businesses ($6-50 million)  follow in confidence levels, 28% and 29%, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The Marketing Mix in 2011&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;In 2011, social media will be a top priority for PR professionals,  followed by strategic communications (66%) and measurement (61%).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;524&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/assets/images/daily-data-point/organizational-focu-2011-vocus.jpg&quot; width=&quot;600&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Meanwhile, 76% of companies will spend either the same or less on  traditional media relations, and 65% will spend the same or less on  community relations and corporate philanthropy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr style=&quot;margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Looking for real, hard data that can help you match social media tools and tactics to your marketing goals? &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;The State of Social Media Marketing&lt;/strong&gt;,  a 240-page original research report from MarketingProfs, gives you the  inside scoop on how 5,140 marketing pros are using social media to  create winning campaigns, measure ROI, and reach audiences in new and  exciting ways. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;hr style=&quot;margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marketing&amp;nbsp;More Challenging&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Six in ten PR professionals (60%) say PR will be more challenging in  2011. Budgets are cited as the top reason (37%), followed by a variety  of options (22%), social media (19%), and rapid change (19%). Only 14%  cite the economy as their top challenge.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Moreover, marketing budgets are expected to improve in 2011: 42% of  PR professionals say they expect budgets to &quot;increase somewhat&quot; or  &quot;increase significantly&quot; over 2010 levels, compared with the 29% who  said so a year earlier.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Roughly 20% say budgets are &quot;decreasing somewhat&quot; or &quot;decreasing  significantly&quot; in 2011, compared with the 29% who said so a year  earlier. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;SEO and ad professionals are the most optimistic about their budgets  in the coming year: 27% of search and SEO professionals expect their  budgets to increase significantly in 2011, as do 25% of advertising  professionals. Only 7% of PR and marketing professional are expecting  such increases.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; height=&quot;497&quot; src=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/assets/images/daily-data-point/budget-changes-for-2011-vocus.jpg&quot; width=&quot;606&quot; /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;PR&#39;s Role in Marketing Mix&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;PR&#39;s role is gaining in importance: 63% of PR professionals say PR  will be more important to the marketing mix in 2011, and 31% say it will  remain the same. Some 5% say PR&#39;s role will be less important in 2011.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;PR and marketing are working together on social efforts: 23% of PR  professionals say marketing is leading social media efforts, while PR  contributes, whereas 22% say PR is leading social media efforts with  several other departments contributing. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;* The participation was not necessarily proportionate to the budget  (or funding for a program) based on the size of the company&#39;s earnings.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;About the data:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Findings are from a survey of 508 senior-level public relations professionals from Oct.26, 2010 to Nov. 21, 2010&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Source:&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.marketingprofs.com/ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/social-media-top-priority-for-pr-in.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-1235726790808818941</guid><pubDate>Thu, 09 Dec 2010 10:58:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-09T02:58:26.604-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>Ten Steps for Creating a FANtastic Facebook Fan Page</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Considering Facebook&#39;s 300 million active users, and the thousands  joining every day—along with its Alexa ranking of 3 (that is, Facebook  is the third most-trafficked website)—businesses really must tap into  the power of this online behemoth.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Facebook offers many features for strategic networking and generating visibility for your company.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Among them, Facebook fan pages are (currently) the only feature fully  indexed by Google. By inserting keyword-rich text throughout your fan  page and updating regularly, you can create tremendous search engine  optimization.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Using Facebook&#39;s Social Ads, you can then drive targeted traffic from the entire Facebook site directly to your fan page.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Once potential fans click through to your fan page, your goals are as follows:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Immediately grab their attention and make them feel they are in  the right place (they feel they made the right decision by clicking on  your ad)     &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Inspire them to become a fan     &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Draw them in to engage with your page     &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Keep them coming back—often called &quot;stickiness&quot; (your fans keep coming back to engage with your page)&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;The following 10 elements of dynamic Facebook fan pages will set you  head and shoulders above the rest and keep your fans coming back for  more.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;1.&amp;nbsp;Title your page&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When first creating your fan page, you need to choose a title; it  could be your brand name, personal name, or business name, as well as a  few descriptive words. Typically, the shorter the title, the better,  because each time you add content to your fan page your long title will  append to each post.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;2.&amp;nbsp;Choose a picture that pops&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
This is not a well-known fact, but Facebook&#39;s ideal size for a fan  page image is 200 pixels wide by 600 pixels high (it looks rather like a  bookmark shape).&lt;br /&gt;
Whenever you post on your own fan page, the thumbnail image that  appears will show a section of your main picture, so you may need to  experiment with your graphic to get the image just the way you want it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;3.&amp;nbsp;Secure your username&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
As soon as you get your first 25 fans, you&#39;ll be able to register  your unique username (often called a vanity URL) at  http://facebook.com/username. For example, instead of being a long,  unmemorable link, you can shorten the link by using your brand name,  company name, etc. (mine is http://facebook.com/marismith).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;4.&amp;nbsp;Set a landing tab&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
You can create a fully customized &quot;landing page&quot; for your non-fans,  with images, keyword-rich text, links, even video. How? Just add the  Static FBML app, paste in your FBML code (very similar to HTML), then  edit your fan page settings to select the specific tab you wish non-fans  to land on.&lt;br /&gt;
For examples, see http://facebook.com/droz, http://facebook.com/gary,  http://www.facebook.com/ellentv, http://www.facebook.com/cocacola,  http://www.facebook.com/ONE, http://facebook.com/paysonjewelry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;5.&amp;nbsp;Write an appealing About Us/Bio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There&#39;s a small text box area just under your fan page picture; use  this area very strategically to essentially summarize what you do, whom  you help, and how you help them. Even better, include a call to action  with a hyperlink (be sure to include the &quot;http://&quot; so it&#39;s clickable).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;6.&amp;nbsp;Import your blog posts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Using the Notes app, pull in your blog feed so that each time you  make a blog post, your fan page automatically updates and your fans can  read and comment on the post. Doing so also helps to consistently add  content to your fan page and keep it fresh and engaging.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;7.&amp;nbsp;Show posts by page and fans&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
There may be strategic reasons for showing posts only by you on the  fan page, or only by your fans, but I highly recommend setting it to  show both. That way, anyone who comes to your page can see the  interaction from both sides.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;8.&amp;nbsp;Encourage your fans to add content&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Your fans can add their own photos, videos, and comments on your  &quot;wall.&quot; Allowing and encouraging your fans to add their own content will  make them feel more a part of your online Facebook community, and when  they tag themselves that content goes out into their feeds creating more  visibility for you.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;9.&amp;nbsp;Respond to your fans&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Providing quality content is just one aspect of building a good  Facebook fan page (or any social networking presence, for that matter).  Another critical aspect is engagement. By actively responding to your  fans&#39; comments, questions, suggestions, ideas, etc., you show that  you&#39;re a company that cares, listens, takes action, and engages your  community.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;10.&amp;nbsp;Broadcast to Twitter&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Using the new Facebook fan page to Twitter app  http://facebook.com/twitter you can write status updates up to 420  characters that will go out as a tweet on your Twitter account and  truncate at about 120 characters with a bit.ly link back to your fan  page. Great for cross-promoting and extra visibility!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Source :&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.marketingprofs.com/ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/ten-steps-for-creating-fantastic.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-5024677711026026823</guid><pubDate>Thu, 09 Dec 2010 10:56:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-09T02:56:03.478-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>Nine Marketing Tips for Black Friday, Small Business Saturday, and Cyber Monday</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;This holiday season, there&#39;s a movement afoot to support the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/topic/all/small-business/&quot;&gt;small business&lt;/a&gt; community.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Large retailers have always counted on Black Friday to turn their books from red to black and &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.marketingprofs.com/topic/all/e-commerce/&quot;&gt;online retailers&lt;/a&gt; have Cyber Monday to cash in afterward.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;And this year, American Express OPEN has launched&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://smallbusinesssaturday.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Small Business Saturday&lt;/a&gt;  (November 27) to help drive &quot;shop till you drop&quot; consumers to local  small businesses. Check it out... you could easily get your hands on &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.facebook.com/SmallBusinessSaturday#%21/SmallBusinessSaturday?v=app_121714311223837&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;$100 of Facebook Ads credit&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Face it: as a small business, you probably won&#39;t be able to beat  Wal-Mart or Best Buy low-price bargain HDTVs and Xbox Kinects Friday  morning. But consider that big-box retailers typically don&#39;t have your  service or expertise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;So how can a small business get the upper hand on these three  monumental shopping days? I&#39;ll share nine solid marketing tips to help  you cash in and remain highly competitive throughout the holiday season.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Differentiate your marketing&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Understand that as the holiday shopping season goes full throttle, so  do the marketing messages prospects receive. Make your message clear,  understandable, and to the point. That means shorter emails, fewer  emails, and emails that are more effective.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Add a complimentary channel to your mix by marketing a special offer  via postcard. It&#39;s different from email and results in a favorable  response from your contacts.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Offer extended support and service&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;This point is important. People are sometimes impulsive and need to  be reassured about their purchase. Most big-box sales are final, with  very few exceptions for refunds.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;You could instill more trust in your prospects by having a favorable  guarantee policy. Perhaps your product requires support—offer extended  or premium support. The name of the game is to bundle it with your  service, not twist their arms when they purchase.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Reward your most rewarding customers&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;It sounds simple, but with bargain email marketing solutions, it&#39;s  more difficult to accomplish. Leverage your CRM (customer relationship  management) software to find your most active customers and send them an  attractive, tailored offer, like special pricing, free shipping, gift  with purchase, or product upgrades. Similarly, you can reward customers  who spend a certain amount with credit toward their next purchase.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Lay the bait and offer it to who responds&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;What I mean is this: Let your contacts know that you will have a  special deal for them, but they have to let you know they are interested  by clicking a link. This approach not only shows you who is responsive  on your list but also allows you to better target your special offer to  those who are genuinely interested in it.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Feeling brave? Make the offer available to the first 50 people who  click the link—then work with only those 50 people directly. It might  feel uncomfortable because you&#39;re not emailing the same offer to your  entire list, but you&#39;ll have better conversion and your customers will  be impressed with how customized and personal your message and offer are  to their interests.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Double-down on pay-per-click (PPC) ads&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;People are definitely going on Facebook during the holidays.  Double-down on your investment and go big with an attractive campaign  that people want to share with their friends.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Google is also a huge asset as people look almost instinctively for  the best possible deal for products. Use targeted phrases, including  &quot;Black Friday,&quot; to nail this target searcher.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Follow up!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Simply because someone didn&#39;t purchase your special offer doesn&#39;t  mean that person wasn&#39;t interested that time. Invite them to sign up to  discuss your offering later. Offering a helpful guide that addresses the  needs of your customers in your industry would be a great method to  start. Following up with customers is just as important as prospects.  Let them know you appreciate their business and start building even more  trust from there.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7. Hunt down bargains for your contacts&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;No matter what industry you&#39;re in, there are sure to be some great  deals that you simply can&#39;t offer that someone else can. Advocate for  your audience and let them know where there&#39;s a special deal. It could  be on electronics or even floor jacks; if you know your audience, you  are in a much better position to share deals that matter to them.&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://bfads.net/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;BFAds.net&lt;/a&gt; is a good source to check out the bargains happening during Black Friday and Cyber Monday.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;8. Be active in social media&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Savvy shoppers will ask their friends on Twitter and Facebook for the  best deals. Don&#39;t you want to be a part of that conversation? Let your  audience be aware of your specials for Black Friday, Cyber Monday, and  Small Business Saturday by using those in hashtags on Twitter  (#blackfriday, #cybermonday, and&amp;nbsp;#smallbusinesssaturday).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Perhaps you have a killer Facebook deal; you could ask fans to Like your Facebook Page to reveal a special offer. Apps like&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.wildfireapp.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Wildfire&lt;/a&gt; or&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bulbstorm.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Bulbstorm&lt;/a&gt; make doing so easier for businesses to manage.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;It&#39;s not just about making sales. It&#39;s a good time to monetize your social media audience by offering something they like.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;9. Provide premium digital goods to complement your product and service&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;With the advent of digital goods, you should be able to leverage the  ability to package a ton of digital resources with others effortlessly.  Bundling a useful training guide, free videos, or cheat-sheet to  mastering a skill or area of your product can be a lifesaver to new  customers. Help them out and help them trust your expertise.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;* * *&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;These suggestions are ways to enable a business of any size to  compete against the bigger dogs. And the beauty of it all is that they  require virtually no additional budget to execute well. The name of the  game is personalization and relevance based on previous buying (or  prospecting) activity.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/nine-marketing-tips-for-black-friday.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-1439450163656956201</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:30:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:30:13.469-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><title>LINGKUP PEMASARAN</title><description>&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 2.95pt -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;LINGKUP PEMASARAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.7pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;P&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;umu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;nya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dipandang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sebagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tugas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enciptakan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;erkenalkan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyerahkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;barang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jasa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kepada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;n&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perusahaan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Sesungguhnya,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;orang- orang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;10&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jenis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;wujud&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berbeda:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;barang,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jasa, pengayaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengalaman, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peristiwa, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tempat, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kepemilikan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;organis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;si, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;informasi, dan gagasan.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.85pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan oleh Pemasar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.7pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engenali &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;an &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilih seg&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en pasar yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tepat u&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;tuk dilaya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;ni&lt;/span&gt;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endiferisia&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;ikan tawar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;n &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;ita&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;terha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;ap t&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;waran pesaing?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enaggapi pelanggan y&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;ng &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endesak kita untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enurunkan harga?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -0.1pt 0.0001pt 18pt; text-indent: -12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara bersaing dengan para pesaing&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang berbiaya rendah, berharga rendah dari dalam dan luar negeri?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 5.75pt 0.0001pt 21.05pt; text-indent: -15.05pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Sejauh mana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;nyesuaikan tawaran kita&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;supaya pas dengan kebutuhan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing- &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing pelanggan?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Cara-cara penting apa yang dap&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;t &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enumbuhkan bisnis kita?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;angun &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erek yang lebih kuat?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enguarangi b&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;aya untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endapatkan pelanggan?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 29.1pt 0.0001pt 18pt; text-indent: -12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjaga pelanggan kita sup&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;ya tetap setia sela&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a periode yang panjang?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enetapkan pelanggan yang lebih penting?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 5.75pt 0.0001pt 21pt; text-indent: -15pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engukur la&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anya penge&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;balian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;odal yang diinvestasikan dalam iklan, promosipenjualan, dan kehu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asan (PR&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;erbai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;i pro&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;uktivitas tenaga penjual?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.75pt; margin: 0cm -5.6pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;angun saluran pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran ganda dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engelola konflik saluran?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 15.35pt 0.0001pt 18pt; text-indent: -12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;☻Bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana cara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;uat departe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en-departe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en lain perusahaan di kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi lebih berpotensi kepada pelanggan?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;MEND&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;E&lt;/span&gt;FINISIKAN PEMASARAN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.7pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seju&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;ah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;definisi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dita&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;w&lt;/span&gt;arkan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;embedakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;antara definisi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sosial&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;definisi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anajerial.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Definisi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;sial&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enunjukkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peran&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ainkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;aran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;m&lt;/span&gt;asyarakat. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Seorangpe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;m&lt;/span&gt;engatakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bahwa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peran pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran adalah ”&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enghasilkan standar hidup&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang lebih tinggi.” Berikut ini ada sebuah definisi sosial yang ses&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;ai dengan tujuan kita:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.8pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 24pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;♠&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Pemasaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;suatu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;proses &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sosial &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalamnya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelompok &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endapatkan apa&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yang&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erekabutuhkan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; inginkan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dengan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enciptakan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;warkan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;secara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bebas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mpertukarkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bernilai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;engan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pihak lain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 15pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;definisi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anajerial, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;saran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sering &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;barkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebagai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;”seni &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjual produk.”Akan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tetapi,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;orang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;heran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ketika&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;reka&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endengar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bahwa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bagian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;paling penting&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adlah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penjualan!&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Penjualan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;itu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hanya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;puncak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; style=&quot;page-break-before: always;&quot; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section2&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 3.85pt -8pt 0.0001pt 15pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;kecil &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gunung &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;es &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Peter &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Drucker, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seorang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ahli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;teori &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anaje&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;n &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terke&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uka, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engatakan sebagi berikut:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.85pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 33pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Orang dapat mengansumsikan bahwa akan selalu ada kebutuha akan penjualan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 33pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Akan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tetapi,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tujuan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pemasaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;memperluas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penjualan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hingga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kemana- mana. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Tujuan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pemasaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bukan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mengetahui &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;memahami &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pelanggnan sedemikian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;rupa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sehingga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;cocok &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pelanggan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan selanjutnya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;menjual&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dirinya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sendiri.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Idealnya,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pemasaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hendaknya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;menghasilkan seorang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pelanggan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;siap&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;membeli.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Semua&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dibutuhkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;selanjutnya adalah menyediakan produk atau jasa itu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.75pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 5.05pt 0.0001pt 24pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;♠&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;b&gt;(&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Manajemen&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;masaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;proses&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perencanaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pelaksanaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;kiran, penetapan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harga,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;promosi,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;serta&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peny&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;luran&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gagasan,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;barang,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enciptakan pertukaran yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;nuhi sas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;ran-sasaran individu dan organisasi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;KONSEP PEMASARAN INTI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.7pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;P&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran dapat dipaha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i lebih lanjut dengan mendefinisikan beberapa konsep intinya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pasar Sasaran dan Se&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;gm&lt;/span&gt;entasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0.05pt 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Jarang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seorang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;emuaskan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;p &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Tidak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;setiap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyukai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;in&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ringan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ruangan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hotel, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;restoran, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;obil, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perguruan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tinggi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;film yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Oleh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karena &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;para &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mulai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;segmentasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Mereka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engidentifikasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;me&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bedakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok-kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pembeli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungkin &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyukai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erlukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berbagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;d&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;n&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bauran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Seg&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dapat diidentifikasi&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dengan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;meriksa&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; perbedaa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;-perbeaan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; de&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ografis,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; psikografis,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.6pt; margin: 0cm -8.1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kalangan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;para&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Selanju&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;nya,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perusahaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;utuskan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;seg&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;mana&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -8.25pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyajikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peluang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;besar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuhannya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dipenuhi oleh perusahaan dengan cara yang unggul.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.8pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sasaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terpilih, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perusahaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engembangkan suatu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tawaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;T&lt;/span&gt;awaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diposisikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;iran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;ara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sasaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebagai suatu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;beberapa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;aat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sangat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penting.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Sebagai&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;contoh,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Volvo &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eng&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbangkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;obilnya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;para &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;li &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sasaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enganggap kesela&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;at&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;m &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mobil &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;bagai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;erh&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;tian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Oleh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karena &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Volvo &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;po&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;isikan mobilnya sebagai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;obil yang paling a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an yang dapat dibeli pelanggan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Secara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tra&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;isional,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;”pa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;ar”adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tempat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;fisik&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;para&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penjual berku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pul&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mpertukarkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;barang.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Para&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ahli&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ekono&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sekarang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engg&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;mbarkan pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebagai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pul&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;n &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pen&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;j&lt;/span&gt;ual &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;transaksi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebuah produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tertentu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peru&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ahan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bahan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;makanan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;). &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;kan tetapi, para pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;andang p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;njual sebagai bagian yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bentuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;pasar.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Orang-orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisnis &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ser&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;ng &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;istilah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eliput &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berbagai pengelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pokan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pelanggan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Mereka&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berbicara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tentang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;orang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;diet);&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(pa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;ar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sepatu);&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;de&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ografis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;orang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uda);&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;geografis &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perancis). &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;au, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mperluas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsep &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eliputi pasar lain, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;eperti pasar pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilih (pemberi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;suara), pasar tena&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;a kerja, dan pasar donor.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; style=&quot;page-break-before: always;&quot; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section3&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 2.95pt -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pemasar dan Pospek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0.05pt 4.95pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Seorang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;pemasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seseora&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;g &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;ncari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tanggapan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(perhatian, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian, pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;suara, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;su&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bangan) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pihak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disebut &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;prospek. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;Jika &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dua &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pihak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu saling &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berusaha &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjual &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sesuatu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;k&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;pada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;nyebut &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keduanya pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;(markete&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.75pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Kebutuhan, Keinginan, dan Permintaan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0.05pt 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;P&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harus &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berupaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;maha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;k&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;butuhan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;per&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;intaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar sasaran. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kebutuhan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;ngga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;barkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tuntunan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anusia. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;butuhkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;akana, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;udara, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;air, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pakaian, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tempat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;b&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;rlindung &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bertahan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hidup. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Orang juga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sangat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbutuhkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;rekreasi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pendidikan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hibu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;an. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kebutuhan-kebutuhan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bila &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diarahkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kepada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;saran-sasaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;spesifik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ingkin &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;menuhi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebituhan.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Orang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;A&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;rika&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;membutuhkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;akanan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tetapi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;menginginkan &lt;/i&gt;sepotong &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hamburger, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kentang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;goreng, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ini&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ringan. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Seseorang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Mauruitus &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbutuhkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;akanan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tetapi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;menginginkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;sebuah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;angga, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;nasi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;ju-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;iju &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;lentils) &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;atau&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;biji-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;jian&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kering&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;ukkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ke&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sup,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kacang-kacan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;g&lt;/span&gt;an.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Keingi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;an dibentuk oleh lingkungan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asyarakat seseorang.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Permintaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;akan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk-p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;oduk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;spesifik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diduking &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh ke&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;mpuan&amp;nbsp; untuk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;embayar.&amp;nbsp; Banyak&amp;nbsp; ora&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;g&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enginginkan&amp;nbsp; sebuah&amp;nbsp; Mercedes;&amp;nbsp; hanya sedikit &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;au &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;m&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbelinya. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Perusahaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harus &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engukur &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bukan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saja berapa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;banyak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enginginkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erka&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elainkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;juga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berapa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;banyak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang akan benar-benar &lt;i&gt;mau dan mampu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbelinya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0cm 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Perbedaa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;erbedaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;itu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mperjelas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kr&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;tik&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sering&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dilontarkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bahwa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;”para pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enciptakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan” &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau”pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;ar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbuat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;eli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;barang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang tidak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;inginkan. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;”para &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;ak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;menciptakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kebutuhan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;telah la&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebelum &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;masar. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bersa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengaruh-prngaruh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asyarakat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.6pt; margin: 0cm -8.15pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;lain,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;engaruhi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungkin&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;ro&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;osikan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gagasan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bahwa&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -8.25pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;sebuah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Mercedes&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;akan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;muaskan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ses&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;orang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;an&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;st&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;us&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;so&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;al.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Akan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tetapi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka tidak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enciptakan kebutuhan akan status sosia&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Produk atau Ta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;w&lt;/span&gt;aran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0.05pt 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;muaskan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;alah setiap tawaran&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yang&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dapat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;muaskan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kebutuhan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keinginan.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Kita&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sudah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyebutkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebelu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;n&lt;/span&gt;ya&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jenis&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;uta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tawaran&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dasar:&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;barang,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengala&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an, peristiwa, orang, te&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pat, properti, organisasi, in&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;or&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi, dan gagasan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Merek&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;suatu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tawaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;suatu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;su&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ber&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sudah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dikenal.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Na&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erek seperti &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;McDonald’s &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eni&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bulkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;banyak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;aso&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;iasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pikiran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hamburger, kege&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;biraan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;anak-anak,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;akanan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;siap&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saji,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Golden&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;rches.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Asosiasi-asosiasi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbangun kekuatan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka yakni, citra &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erk yang kuat dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyenagkan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.75pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Nilai dan Kepuasan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.8pt; margin: 0.05pt 4.85pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tawaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;akan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ber&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;h&lt;/span&gt;asil&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jika&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;nilai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kepuasan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kepada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pembeli sasaran. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pembeli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;lih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;antara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;beraneka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ragam &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tawaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ulaiyang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dianggap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mberikan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;nilai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;paling&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;banyak.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kita&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;inisikan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;nil&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sebag&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;rasio&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;antara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;apa yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;didapatkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;apa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;diberikan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pelanggan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Pelanggan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endapatkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anfaat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engeluarkan&amp;nbsp; biaya.&amp;nbsp; Manfaat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;ncakup&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;aat&amp;nbsp; fungsional&amp;nbsp; dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;nfaat&amp;nbsp; e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;os&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;onal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; style=&quot;page-break-before: always;&quot; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section4&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 3.85pt -8.25pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Biaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;c&lt;/span&gt;akup &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;biaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;oneter, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;biaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;wak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;u, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;biaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;energi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;biaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;fisik.dengan de&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ikian, nilai diru&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uskan:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.8pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 24pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Nilai&amp;nbsp; = &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;u&gt;Manfaat&amp;nbsp; &lt;/u&gt;=&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;u&gt; Manfaat fungsional + manfaat e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;osional&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 66pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Biaya&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Biaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;oneter + biaya wa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;tu + bia&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;a energi + &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;b&lt;/span&gt;ia&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;y&lt;/span&gt;a fisik&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 7pt; margin: 0.6pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 42.4pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;P&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eningkatkan nilai tawaran pelanggan dengan beberapa cara : Meningkatkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anfaat&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Mengurangi biaya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Meningkatkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anfaat dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;angi biaya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Meningkatkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anfaat lebih besar dari pada kenaikan biaya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Mengurangi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anfaat lebih kecil&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari pada pengurangan biaya&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.8pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -9.5pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pertukaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsep &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;inti &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;encakup &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perolehan produk yang diinginkan dari seseorang dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;warkan sesuatu sebagai gantinya. Supaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uncul potensi pertukaran, li&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a persyaratan harus dipenuhi :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 60pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;1.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Sekurang-kurangnya ada dua pihak.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 60pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;2.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Masing-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing pihak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;iliki ses&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;atu yang b&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;er&lt;/span&gt;nil&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;i bagi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;pi&lt;/span&gt;hak lain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 60pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;3.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Masing-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing pihak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pu berkomunikasi dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyerahkan sesuatu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -6.6pt 0.0001pt 78pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;4.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Masing-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pihak&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bebas&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enerima&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enolak&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tawaran pertukaran.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -6.55pt 0.0001pt 78pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;5.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Masing-&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asing&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pihak&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yakin&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bahwa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bertransaksi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pihak&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan hal yang tepat dan diinginkan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Hubungan dan Jaringan Kerja&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.6pt; margin: 0cm -8.25pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;transak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;alah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bagian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;suatu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gagasan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;besar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disebut&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hubungan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;(&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;elationship&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;marketing&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Pemasaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hubungan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mpunyai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tujuan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;mbangun&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hubungan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jangka&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;panjang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;saling&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uaskan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pihak-pihak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;iliki&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kepentingan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;ut&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a-pelanggan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asok,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;distribut&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;o&lt;/span&gt;r-dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;rangka&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endapatkan serta &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;tahankan preferensi dan k&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;langsungan bisnis jangka panjang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Saluran Pemasaran&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.7pt; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 6pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;encapai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.95pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sasaran, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;n &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tiga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jenis &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saluran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pemasaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;Saluran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;komunikasi (communication&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;channels&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;digunakan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;menyerahkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;ri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pesan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sasaran.Saluran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;unikasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ini&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elipu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;surat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kabar,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ajalah,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;radio,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;televisi,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pos, telepon, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;papan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;iklan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;poster, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pamflet, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;CD, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;udiotape, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;internet. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Lebih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jauh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu, ko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;unikasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;disalurkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elalui&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ekspresi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;w&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;jah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pakaian,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pena&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pilan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;toko-toko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;eceran, dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;banyak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;edia &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Saa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ini, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;makin &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;banyak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;saluran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dialog &lt;/i&gt;(e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ail &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;no&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;or &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;nomor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bebas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pulsa)untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;mengurangi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;saluran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;monolog &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih nor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;al (seperti iklan).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm 4.9pt 0.0001pt 6pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;P&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;saluran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;distribusi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyerahkan produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;fisik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kepada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pembeli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengguna. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engenal &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saluran distribusi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;fisik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saluran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;distribusi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ter&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disitu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pergudangan,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; style=&quot;page-break-before: always;&quot; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 3.85pt -8.25pt 0.0001pt 5pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;sarana&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;transportasi,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berbagai&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;saluran&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dagang,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;seperti&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;distributor,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;grosir,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan pengecer.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar juga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;n &lt;i&gt;saluran penjualan &lt;/i&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/10/lingkup-pemasaran.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-3994450644229681501</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:24:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:24:40.626-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Kamus Pemasaran</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><title>Marketing Basics</title><description>&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;To succeed, entrepreneurs must attract and  retain a growing base of satisfied customers. Marketing programs, though  widely varied, are all aimed at convincing people to try out or keep  using particular products or services. Business owners should carefully  plan their marketing strategies and performance to keep their market  presence strong. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;What is Marketing? &lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;All company policies and activities should be directed toward satisfying customer needs. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Profitable sales volume is more important than maximum sales volume. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;To best use these principles, a small business should: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ul style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Determine the needs of their customers through market research &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Analyze their competitive advantages to develop a market strategy &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Select specific markets to serve by target marketing &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Determine how to satisfy customer needs by identifying a market mix &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Market Research&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Successful marketing requires timely and  relevant market information. An inexpensive research program, based on  questionnaires given to current or prospective customers, can often  uncover dissatisfaction or possible new products or services. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Market research will also identify trends  that affect sales and profitability. Population shifts, legal  developments, and the local economic situation should be monitored to  quickly identify problems and opportunities. It is also important to  keep up with competitors&#39; market strategies. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marketing Strategy &lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;A marketing strategy identifies customer  groups which a particular business can better serve than its target  competitors, and tailors product offerings, prices, distribution,  promotional efforts, and services toward those market segments. Ideally,  the strategy should address unmet customer needs that offer adequate  potential profitability. A good strategy helps a business focus on the  target markets it can serve best. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Target Marketing &lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Owners of small businesses usually have  limited resources to spend on marketing. Concentrating their efforts on  one or a few key market segments — target marketing — gets the most  return from small investments. There are two methods used to segment a  market: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geographical segmentation — &lt;/strong&gt;To  specialize in serving the needs of customers in a particular  geographical area. For example, a neighborhood convenience store may  send advertisements only to people living within one-half mile of the  store. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Customer segmentation&lt;/strong&gt; — To identify those people most likely to buy the product or service and targeting those groups. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Managing the Market Mix &lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Every marketing program contains four key components: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Products and Services &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Promotion &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Distribution &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Pricing &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;These are combined into an overall marketing program. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Products and Services&lt;/strong&gt; —  Product strategies may include concentrating on a narrow product line,  developing a highly specialized product or service, or providing a  product-service package containing unusually high-quality service. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Promotion&lt;/strong&gt; — Promotion  strategies include advertising and direct customer interaction. Good  salesmanship is essential for small businesses because of their limited  ability to spend on advertising. Good telphone book advertising is also  important. Direct mail is an effective, low-cost medium available to  small business. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Price&lt;/strong&gt; — The right price  is crucial for maximizing total revenue. Generally, higher prices mean  lower volume and vice-versa; however, small businesses can often command  higher prices because of their personalized service. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Distribution&lt;/strong&gt; — The  manufacturer and wholesaler must decide how to distribute their  products. Working through established distributors or manufacturers&#39;  agents generally is easiest for small manufacturers. Small retailers  should consider cost and traffic flow in site selection, especially  since advertising and rent can be reciprocal: A low-cost, low-traffic  location means spending more on advertising to build traffic. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The nature of the product or service is  also important in siting decisions. If purchases are based largely on  impulse, then high traffic and visibility are critical. On the other  hand, location is less a concern for products or services that customers  are willing to go out of their way to find. The recent availability of  highly segmented mailing lists, purchased from list brokers, magazines,  or other companies, has enabled certain small businesses to operate from  any location yet serve national or international markets. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;From the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sba.gov/&quot;&gt;Small Business Administration&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/marketing-basics.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-7290210356285464895</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:22:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:22:11.691-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>The ABCs of Effective Advertising</title><description>&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;If you want your advertising to resonate with  prospective customers, it&#39;s essential that you appeal to their emotions  in some way. Fail to do this and you might as well be throwing money out  the window. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Effective ads sell your message, company,  or product. They may or may not be creative, but if you can package some  good creative in with a message that appeals to a strong need or want  within your target audience, it will certainly help. Effective ads are  convincing. They engage prospects as if you were speaking directly to  them, and when you succeed in making this connection your prospective  customer&#39;s thoughts will become your brand itself. Be sure to check out &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing/advertising/2589-1.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Advertising Basics for Small Businesses&lt;/a&gt; for some pointers. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Even if you achieve the enviable position  of having a provocative ad execution with an effective message, your  work is far from over. In fact, in the world of advertising, your work  is never over. Continually exposing your customers, prospective  customers, and suspects (those who aren&#39;t currently interested in your  company or product, but who might be shortly) to the same messaging over  a prolonged period of time will lead to stagnation. Eventually, you&#39;ll  fail not only to inspire brand loyalty, but also to retain it. Even  Coke, one of the world&#39;s most valuable brands, reinvents its messaging  and image when it decides they have begun to lose effectiveness. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Creating an Effective Ad Campaign&lt;/strong&gt;   &lt;br /&gt;
So how do you create an effective ad campaign? One way is to go with the &lt;em&gt;single benefit&lt;/em&gt; methodology, which directly links your brand to a single benefit. If your deodorant lasts longer, tell the world about it. The &lt;em&gt;characterization&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;personification&lt;/em&gt; angle involves creating a character that expresses the product&#39;s benefits or personality. The &lt;em&gt;narrative&lt;/em&gt; methodology involves developing a narrative story with episodes describing a problem and its outcome. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Again, aim to produce advertising that  states not only a product&#39;s facts, but that also appeals to emotions.  Using the deodorant example, you might accomplish this by playing off  your customers&#39; fears of having body odor at an inopportune time. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Although a calculated and well thought out  advertising campaign may do a good job of creating brand awareness, it  may fall short of inducing product preference or, the end goal,  purchase. For this reason, don&#39;t rely on advertising as a complete  solution. Instead, support it with marketing and sales promotion to help  trigger a purchase. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Apply the following criteria to test the effectiveness of your advertising message: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;The ad intelligibly and simply states a single message. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;The ad evokes a specific, acute emotion. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;The ad is being presented in a space where it will likely be noticed. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;The overriding message is clearly evident. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Finally, understand that even a carefully  thought out, highly creative campaign with a strong, concise message  will fall flat if the product you&#39;re advertising just isn&#39;t any good. Be  honest with yourself on this one. Solicit existing customer feedback.  Then decide whether or not it would be a wiser investment if you were to  spend the money and time on first improving your product. The better  your product is, the less time and money you&#39;ll need to spend on  traditional advertising. After all, word of mouth advertising is free,  and it&#39;s often what ultimately makes or breaks a product, brand, or  company. &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/abcs-of-effective-advertising.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-3402241232965835333</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:21:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:21:24.105-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">News</category><title>Persaingan usaha :  Para Raja Kecap Bersabda</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Untuk sebotol kecap, segala cuaca pasti ditempuh. Bagi Fatina Djihan  saat menuntut ilmu di University of Leeds, Inggris, empat tahun lalu,  dia pasti rela naik bus selama satu jam ke Manchester hanya untuk  membeli sebotol kecap produksi Indonesia. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Maklum, kecap manis adalah menu wajibnya setiap kali makan.  &quot;Rasanya seperti makan di rumah,&quot; ujar tenaga pengajar di sebuah  universitas swasta di Jakarta ini. Kebetulan, menurut Fatina, 33 tahun,  merek kecap yang ditemui di kawasan Chinatown di Manchester itu sama  dengan merek yang dikonsumsi keluarganya. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Tak mudah bagi kecap manis asli Indonesia untuk tiba ke tangan  pelanggan setianya di luar negeri macam Fatina. Selain butuh jaringan  yang luas, biayanya pun tak sedikit. Namun, dengan strategi bisnis yang  tepat, distribusi ke mancanegara tak lagi jadi soal.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Perang strategi bisnis itulah yang dilakukan oleh dua produsen  kecap manis asal Indonesia, ABC dan Bango, yang kini bersaing ketat  mengejar posisi puncak. Yang satu pemain senior dengan merek kuat dengan  konsumen setianya. Yang lain, pemain baru yang sukses mendongkrak  penjualannya hingga kini.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Simak data terbaru Single Source Survey dari lembaga riset pasar  asal Australia, Roy Morgan Research. Sepanjang April 2006 hingga Maret  2007, pembelian kecap ABC partai besar mengalami penurunan dari 51  menjadi 41 persen. Sebaliknya, penjualan kecap Bango dalam kurun waktu  yang sama naik dari 19 menjadi 21 persen.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Menurut riset lembaga riset pasar Euromonitor International, pada  2001, ABC menguasai 40 persen dari total penetrasi pasar (market share)  kecap di Indonesia sebesar Rp 1,6 triliun. Namun, pada 2005, posisinya  menurun hingga 33 persen dari total pasar yang mencapai Rp 3 triliun.  Sebaliknya, pangsa pasar kecap Bango tetap stabil selama 2001�2005,  yakni sebesar 32 persen. &quot;Ini perang bisnis antara dua merek yang sudah  kuat,&quot; kata pengamat bisnis dari MarkPlus Institute of Marketing,  Yuswohady. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Kecap manis ABC sebetulnya bukan pemain baru di dunia kecap  nasional (lihat ABC, Setelah 32 tahun). Februari 1999, saham mayoritas  pendiri kecap yang terdiri atas tujuh varian ini dibeli oleh HJ Heinz  Co., perusahaan kecap yang berpusat di Pittsburg, Amerika Serikat. Tak  lama kemudian, nama perusahaan pun berubah menjadi PT Heinz ABC  Indonesia.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Lewat bendera barunya, kecap ABC mengalami perubahan teknologi  informasi, proses pembuatan, dan jaringan pasar internasional. Hasilnya,  angka penjualan tahunan kecap ABC dunia tak bergeser dari US$ 100 juta  atau Rp 897 miliar, dengan kontribusi utama dari Indonesia. &quot;Sejauh ini,  kami masih memimpin pangsa pasar di Indonesia,&quot; kata Direktur Pemasaran  PT Heinz ABC Indonesia, Iriana Ekasari Muazd. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Tak mau kalah, Unilever Indonesia pun mengakuisisi produk Kecap  Bango pada 2001 (lihat Si Bango yang Terbang Jauh). Di tangan perusahaan  multinasional ini, Kecap Bango tumbuh pesat lewat pemasaran modern.  Kini, penjualan tahunannya mencapai Rp 500 miliar. Kecap Bango pun  melebarkan sayap hingga ke Asia Tenggara dan Arab Saudi. &quot;Negara lain  sudah banyak yang melirik Bango,&quot; kata Manajer Senior Bango, Heru  Prabowo.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Bendera perang pun makin berkibar. Setelah akuisisi dan joint  venture, berikutnya adalah peremajaan produk. Mulai Februari tahun ini,  Kecap Bango menyegarkan logo burung bangaunya dan mengubah merek dagang  dari &quot;Kecap Bango&quot; menjadi &quot;Bango&quot;. Unilever pun mengeluarkan kecap  Bango kemasan sachet seharga Rp 300 per satuan, untuk menjangkau  masyarakat kelas bawah. &quot;Namun, belum tersebar di seluruh Indonesia,&quot;  kata Dicky Saelan, Manajer Pemasaran Divisi Makanan PT Unilever  Indonesia Tbk.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Seminggu setelah Bango berganti baju, ABC pun tampil lebih segar  dan modern, walau tanpa mengubah logo dan merek. Menurut Iriana,  perubahan ini dilakukan bukan karena latah, melainkan &quot;sudah  dipersiapkan sejak setahun lalu&quot;. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Perang pun berlanjut lewat promosi langsung dengan konsumen  (below the line). Tayangan program televisi &quot;Bango Cita Rasa Nusantara&quot;  masih dipertahankan, bahkan kontraknya terus diperpanjang. Jurus jitu  lainnya, menggelar acara &quot;Festival Jajanan Bango&quot; yang tahun ini  memasuki tahun ketiga. Diselenggarakan di beberapa kota besar, acara ini  terbukti sukses menggaet penikmat baru kecap Bango.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Heinz ABC Indonesia tak tinggal diam. Lewat program ABC Culinary  Academic, dicetaklah penasihat masakan (cooking advisor) hasil didikan  juru masak ABC. Nantinya, penasihat ini akan ditempatkan di gerai  penjualan kecap ABC untuk memberi tips membuat masakan lebih sedap. Juru  masak ABC pun iklan paling tokcer. Mereka siap diundang demo masak  secara cuma-cuma dengan menggunakan kecap ABC.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Persaingan kedua merek ini paling kentara lewat promosi media  (above the line), sebab kedua perusahaan besar ini tak pelit  mengeluarkan dana untuk beriklan. Pemantauan Nielsen Media Research pada  2006, Unilever menghabiskan dana Rp 23 miliar untuk promosi kecap  Bango. Sedangkan Heinz ABC Indonesia membayar Rp 22 miliar untuk belanja  iklan kecap ABC.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Hasilnya, Bango memang bukan pemimpin pasar. &quot;Tetapi dia memimpin  emosi sehingga lebih dikagumi pelanggan,&quot; tutur Yuswohady. Dampaknya,  brand equity Bango pun semakin kuat.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Untuk melawan balik Bango, Yuswo punya solusi. &quot;Jangan  terpancing,&quot; katanya. ABC harus tetap memelihara kepercayaan dirinya  sebagai pemimpin pasar. Karena jebakan paling mematikan bagi ABC adalah  menjadi pengikut dan mengikuti aturan baru yang diciptakan Bango.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: navy; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Si Bango Terbang Jauh&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Bango, bukan Bangau. &lt;/b&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Itu karena kecap ini semula merupakan industri rumah tangga yang  hanya dikenal di Jakarta dan Jawa Barat. Didirikan oleh Keluarga Tjoa  Eng Nio pada 1928 di Tangerang di bawah bendera PT Anugerah Setia  Lestari, pemiliknya bercita-cita mengembangkan si Bango hingga ke  mancanegara. Mimpi itu memang terwujud lewat ekspor ke berbagai negara  dengan omzet Rp 1 miliar per bulan. Cita-cita itu semakin nyata setelah  pada 1992 Kecap Bango dipimpin oleh Eppy Kartadinata, putra keempat  pasangan Yunus Kartadinata-Tjoa Eng Nio, yang menerima pinangan Unilever  Indonesia untuk mengambil alih kepemilikan Kecap Bango. Sejak 2001,  Kecap Bango pun resmi menjadi bagian dari Unilever Indonesia.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pemilik boleh berganti, namun rasa asli Kecap Bango tetap  dipertahankan. &quot;Kualitasnya terus ditingkatkan,&quot; kata Heru Prabowo,  manajer senior merek Bango. Caranya dengan membina petani penghasil  kedelai hitam, bahan dasar Kecap Bango, untuk mendapat hasil yang lebih  baik.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Hingga enam tahun pasca-akuisisi, banyak hal telah dilakukan oleh  Unilever Indonesia. Tak hanya mengekspor Kecap Bango hingga ke seluruh  Asia Tenggara dan Arab Saudi, anak perusahaan Unilever International  yang berkantor pusat di London, Inggris, dan Rotterdam, Belanda, ini pun  meremajakan si Bango yang dinilai tak menggairahkan lagi.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Sejak 1 Februari lalu, Bango tampil dengan nama, logo, dan  kemasan baru. Jika dulu mengusung merek Kecap Bango, sekarang cukup  Bango saja. Kemasannya pun berubah menjadi terkesan lebih muda dengan  warna-warna segar. Kini, si Bango siap terbang jauh dari sarangnya. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/b&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: navy; font-family: arial;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;ABC, Setelah 32 Tahun&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pemain tua ini masih bergigi. Meski beberapa tahun terakhir brand  value-nya menurun, pamor kecap ABC sebagai kecap nomor satu negeri ini  masih melekat. Penampilan barunya sejak 7 Februari terkesan modern.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Kecap ABC memang salah satu produk andalan PT ABC Central Food  Industri yang berdiri pada 1975. Pendirinya, Chu Sok Sam, mengawali  kiprah bisnis di pabriknya di Jalan Daan Mogot, Jakarta Barat. Tiga  tahun kemudian, ia mulai memproduksi sirup, sambal, dan saus tomat.  Sejak 1982, mereka memproduksi teh, kopi, dan sari buah dalam kemasan,  disusul makanan bayi, ikan kaleng (sarden), dan daging kaleng (corned  beef). Produk-produk itu kemudian diekspor.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Sepeninggal Chu pada 1986, generasi kedua, Kogan Mandala,  memimpin perusahaan dengan tiga pabrik ini. Sedang giat-giatnya  berekspansi, krisis ekonomi melanda. Untuk mengatasi masalah keuangan,  ABC Central Food Industry menjual 65 persen sahamnya kepada HJ Heinz  Co., raksasa kecap terkemuka asal Amerika Serikat. Otomatis sejak  Februari 1999, kecap ABC bernaung di bawah PT Heinz ABC Indonesia.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Sebetulnya kisah sukses Chu Sok Sam bukan hanya produksi  makanan-minuman saja. Bersama saudaranya, Chandra Djojonegoro alias Chu  Sam Yak, ia juga berhasil membesarkan batu baterai ABC dan Anggur Tjap  &lt;b&gt;Orang Tua.  &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Di bawah pimpinan generasi keduanya pasca-1980, bisnis mereka  justru menggurita. Akuisisi, usaha patungan dan pendirian perusahaan  baru dilakukan, di antaranya menghadirkan Red Bull (Kratingdaeng),  membidani kelahiran pembuat minuman Kiranti, Larutan Penyegar Panjang  Jiwo, Larutan Penyegar Tjap Orang Tua, permen Tango, serta pasta gigi  Durodont, ABCDent, dan Formula Junior. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;Sumber : http://majalah.tempointeraktif.com/&lt;/b&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/persaingan-usaha-para-raja-kecap.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-6756188574842478106</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:14:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:14:43.842-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">News</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Penelitian</category><title>Mengintip Peluang Bisnis Media Cetak di iPad</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Beberapa pengamat memprediksi bahwa iPad bakal menggantikan koran atau  majalah di masa depan. Dilihat dari sisi produksi, jelas bahwa teknologi  &lt;em&gt;paperless&lt;/em&gt; ini lebih efektif ketimbang kertas yang harus didaur ulang.&lt;br /&gt;
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Sementara dilihat dari sisi ergonomisnya, jelas pembaca di masa depan  tak perlu menumpuk koran atau majalah usang lagi di gudang. Dari sisi  kepraktisan, benda berukuran 9,7 inchi ini juga lebih enak dijinjing  kemana-mana, dibanding koran atau majalah.&lt;br /&gt;
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Beberapa taipan media  luar sudah memiliki rencana bisnis sendiri. Idenya sederhana, hanya  memindahkan konten dari koran atau majalah mereka ke iPad. Sisi  pemasaran pun telah berubah. Dari kios nyata menjadi &#39;kios online&#39;, dari  &lt;em&gt;ngecer&lt;/em&gt; menjadi download. Sukseskah model bisnis baru ini?&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;strong&gt;GQ, Majalah iPad Pertama Terjual 365 Kopi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;a href=&quot;http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/gq-magazine/id345562602?mt=8&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;GQ&lt;/a&gt;  adalah salah satu dari majalah pertama yang muncul di iPad. Di App  Store, GQ dijual seharga US$ 2.99. Harga tersebut jauh lebih murah  ketimbang versi &#39;fisik&#39; nya yang dibanderol US$ 4.99.&lt;br /&gt;
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&quot;Dengan  harga ini, kami tak membutuhkan biaya ekstra. Tak ada biaya cetak atau  pengiriman,&quot; ujar Pete Hunsinger, Vice President serta penerbit GQ,  seperti dikutip &lt;strong&gt;detikINET&lt;/strong&gt; dari Apple insider, Selasa (18/5/2010). &lt;br /&gt;
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&quot;Semua ini berujung pada profit, saya melihat visi ke depan, bahwa iPad  bakal menjadi komponen utama bagi sirkulasi kami,&quot; tambahnya.&lt;br /&gt;
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Walau angka penjualan GQ masih dirasa rendah, namun Hunsinger percaya  model bisnis ini ke depannya bakal menguntungkan. Hal tersebut dapat  dilihat dari beberapa pengiklan yang terus bertambah di GQ.&lt;br /&gt;
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Benar saja, pada bulan Mei 2010 ini penjualan GQ meningkat tajam.  Berkembang isu bahwa majalah tersebut bakal menjadi best-seller di App  Store nantinya. Dari kasus GQ ini dapat dilihat bahwa untuk mencapai  keuntungan, penerbit harus bisa bersabar menunggu respon positif dari  pasar. Saat publik sudah &#39;terjerat&#39;, di situlah uang mengalir. Penerbit  pun tinggal menunggu sembari senyam-senyum melihat jumlah unduhan yang  terus bertambah.&lt;br /&gt;
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&lt;strong&gt;Apakah Media Cetak Harus Beralih ke iPad?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Perlahan-lahan nantinya selera konsumen pun bakal berubah. Seiring hal  ini, pertanyaan baru muncul, apakah media cetak harus mengikuti model  bisnis baru tersebut? Tentu jawabannya bisa bervariasi, tergantung  konteksnya.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Menanggapi hal ini, ada baiknya menengok konvergensi  teknologi yang telah dilakukan beberapa media asing. Sekitar sebulan  lalu, &lt;a href=&quot;http://abc.go.com/site/abc-player-for-ipad&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;ABC&lt;/a&gt; memperkenalkan aplikasi mereka di iPad. Tak lama setelah itu aplikasi mereka laris dengan jumlah pengunduh lebih dari 200.000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Di awal bulan ini, Taipan Media Rupert Murdoch tengah menikmati hasil dari model bisnis ini. Pasalnya aplikasi iPad &lt;a href=&quot;http://online.wsj.com/public/page/ipad.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Wall Street Journal (WSJ)&lt;/a&gt;  miliknya, kini memiliki lebih dari 64.000 pembaca. Sebagai informasi,  kedua contoh aplikasi berita tersebut saat ini masih gratis.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fakta-fakta di atas telah membuktikan bahwa pasar ternyata menerima  dengan baik model bisnis baru ini. Walaupun terasa lambat, namun prospek  model bisnis media &lt;em&gt;paperless&lt;/em&gt; ini dipandang cerah ke depannya.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sayangnya belum ada penelitian yang disiarkan di media terkait  efektifitas iPad dibanding koran atau majalah, dilihat dari selera  pasar, efektifitas sirkulasi, serta biaya produksinya. Kita tunggu saja,  apakah pelaku bisnis media cetak lokal juga bakal melirik iPad? Hanya  waktu yang bisa menjawabnya. &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/mengintip-peluang-bisnis-media-cetak-di.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-9060124689094626744</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:12:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:12:40.474-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">News</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Penelitian</category><title>Twitter: Indonesia nomor tiga di dunia</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;   &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;tower&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;Bill Gates di Twitter&quot; height=&quot;170&quot; src=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/assets/images/2010/01/20/100120124240_billgates_twitter.jpg&quot; width=&quot;226&quot; /&gt;             Setelah tercatat sebagai pemakai Facebook terbesar kedua di  dunia, Indonesia kini menjadi pemakai terbesar ketiga Twitter setelah AS  dan Jepang.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Inilah salah satu hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh  perusahaan riset internet yang berkantor di Paris, Semiocast, yang  diterbitkan hari Senin (05/7).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Asia sekarang mengambil  alih posisi AS sebagai kawasan yang paling aktif di dunia dalam  menggunakan Twitter.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Angka-angka yang dikumpulkan Semiocast memperlihatkan  pengguna Asia saat ini mengirimkan 37% dari 96 juta pesan pendek, atau  tweet, di seluruh dunia setiap hari.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kiriman pesan dari pemakai di Amerika Utara hanya 31% dari  total per hari, menurun dari 36% tiga bulan lampau. Pangsa Asia  meningkat dari 31,5% pada bulan Maret.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h2 style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pemicu popularitas&lt;/h2&gt;Menurut Semiocast, penyebaran telefon model terbaru di Asia  dan layanan bahasa Jepang oleh Twitter diduga ikut berperan dalam  peningkatan jumlah pengguna jejaring sosial mirko itu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Di Korea, situs jejaring sosial termasuk Twitter dan  Facebook mulai populer setelah pemasaran iPhone Apple tahun lalu.  Kemudian, distribusi telefon canggih buatan lokal seperti Samsung, LG  dan alat-alat teknologi canggih lainnya membuat situs itu lebih populer  lagi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Layanan bahasa Jepang di Twitter dimulai pada tahun 2008.  Penggunaan bahasa Jepang inilah yang membuat situs itu menjadi booming  di negara ini, kata para analis. Mereka mengatakan, pengenalan huruf  Jepang adalah faktor utama popularitas jejaring sosial tersebut.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;img alt=&quot;Konferensi Twitter&quot; height=&quot;170&quot; src=&quot;http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/assets/images/2009/12/30/091230052643_sp_twitter_afp_226x170.jpg&quot; width=&quot;226&quot; /&gt;             Ketika Jepang bertanding melawan Denmark pada pembukaan  Piala Dunia di Afrika Selatan belum lama ini, sebanyak 3.283 pesan  dikirimkan setiap detik melalui Twitter bahasa Jepang, menurut persuahan  riset Nielsen Company.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sekarang ini, semakin banyak selebriti dan politisi serta  perusahaan yang mengirimkan pesan pendek ke para pengikut mereka.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Di seluruh dunia ada 150 juta pelanggan Twitter, dan  rata-rata 330.000 pengguna internet mendaftarkan diri sebagai anggota  baru, tiap hari.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dalam urutan dunia, Amerika Serikat masih berada di urutan  pertama sebagai pengguna Twitter, diikuti oleh Jepang, Indonesia, Brazil  dan Inggris. Korea Selatan di posisi ketujuh.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Untuk peringkat Asia, Jepang paling banyak mengirimkan tweet, diikuti oleh Indonesia, Korea dan India.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/twitter-indonesia-nomor-tiga-di-dunia.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-133660030011662769</guid><pubDate>Tue, 07 Dec 2010 00:10:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:10:12.677-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">News</category><title>Pemasaran Rokok Herbal Dari Mulut ke Mulut Hingga Dunia Maya</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pemasaran menggunakan jaringan kultural justru lebih mengena dan tepat  sasaran. Setelah satu tahun berdiri, bisnis ini terus berkembang. Dan  kini jumlah pekerja mencapai 200 orang dengan pemasaran ke seluruh Pulau  Jawa dan luar Pulau Jawa.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Manager Marketing PR UD Putra Bintang  Timur Mujiono mengaku kunci keberhasilan dalam mengembangkan usaha ini  adalah kerja keras. Seluruh karyawan harus mengetahui seluruh proses  pembuatan rokok, mulai melinting hingga penjualan. Sehingga terjadi  proses pembelajaran tidak hanya menimba ilmu agama di lingkungan pondok.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&quot;Produk  ini juga lain dari rokok yang telah beredar, karena rokok ini untuk  pengobatan dengan bahan baku herbal,&quot; kata Mujiono saat ditemui di  kompleks Perum Kalianyar Permai C-1 Desa Sidodadi Kecamatan Lawang  Kabupaten Malang, Kamis (4/11/2010).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Mujiono menambahkan, pada  dasarnya rokok buatan Abdul Malik ini berkhasiat ampuh. Bukan hanya  dihisap, rokok bisa digunakan untuk terapi dengan jalan merebusnya. Air  rebusan itu kemudian diminum oleh para pasien. &quot;Seluruh bagian rokok  bisa mengobati,&quot; imbuhnya.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sebelumnya harga rokok ini dijual  sebesar Rp 2 ribu, kini berkembang dan bervariasi mulai dari Rp 4 ribu  hingga Rp 13 ribu. Produk yang dihasilkan adalah 7 rokok kretek dan 4  rokok filter, kesemuanya satu payung dengan nama rokok terapi sin.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sekarang  usaha rokok Abdul Malik telah berkembang pesat dan berhasil menghidupi  banyak orang. Abdul sendiri masih berkeinginan untuk mengembangkan rokok  tanpa tembakau. Hal itu mungkin dilakukan mengingat road mape  pembatasan rokok mendatang. Sementara rokok di Indonesia sudah menjadi  tradisi. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&quot;Saya kini coba kembangkan rokok dari bahan baku daun  bayam dan daun pisang, sekarang masih dalam tahap penelitian,&quot; kata  Abdul Malik.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kesuksesan dalam mengembangkan usaha ini terus  dilanjutkan. Hasilnya untuk menyantuni anak yatim, janda, dan fakir  miskin. Kini hampir 700 santrinya menimba ilmu di ponpes binaannya dan  menjadi konsumen tetap.&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/pemasaran-rokok-herbal-dari-mulut-ke.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-6505244501245520776</guid><pubDate>Mon, 06 Dec 2010 23:46:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T15:50:01.766-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><title>A. PENGERTIAN PERILAKU KONSUMEN</title><description>&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;A. PENGERTIAN PERILAKU KONSUMEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12pt; margin: 0.8pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm -9.3pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Saat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ini&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;begitu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anja&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;k&lt;/span&gt;an&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berbagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dapat dipilih&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enuhi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Era&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produsen&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engendalikan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;telah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; berlalu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;telah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;digantikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;era &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;egang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kendali.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section2&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endikte&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;apa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seharusnya&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diproduksi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh perusahaan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Perusahaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;harus&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berfokus&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bagian terpenting&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perusahaan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lebih&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penting&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kekasih&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(istri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau pacar), &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hidup &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tanpa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kekasih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tetapi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perusahaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tidak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bisa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hidup&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tanpa konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Oleh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karena &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perusahaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perlu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engerti &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enya berperilaku. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kenapa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Andi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;suka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;otor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sport &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;se&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;entara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bapaknya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;suka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;otor bebek, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kenapa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Bringharjo &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ra&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bulan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Muharom &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(Suro) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;se&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;entara pasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Rebo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Jakarta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;biasa-biasa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;saja.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kenapa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;selera&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;akan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;orang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jawa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan orang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anado&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berbeda.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Apa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elatarbelakangi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keadaan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;?&lt;/span&gt;.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Jawaban terhadap&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; pertanyaan-pertanyaan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; itu&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;butuhkan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; studi&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tentang&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; perilaku konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.55pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dasarnya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tindakan/perilaku,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ter&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asuk didala&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;nya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;aspek-aspek &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tindakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berhubungan dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;usaha &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endapatkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(barang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;guna &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enuhi kebutuhannya.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Tidak&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ada&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kesa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;definisi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dike&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ukanan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;para&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ahli, perbedaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disebabkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adanya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perbedaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sudut &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pandang. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anusia sangat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;plek &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sehingga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sangat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sulit &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;barkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kata-kata. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Na&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;un untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;perluas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tentang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;akan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;paparkan beberapa definisi perilaku konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en yang dike&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ukakan beberapa pakar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.7pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pengertian&amp;nbsp; perilaku&amp;nbsp; konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enurut&amp;nbsp; Engel &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;et &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;al. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(1994 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;3) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah tindakan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;langsung&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terlibat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endapatkan,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engkonsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enghabiskan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jasa,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ter&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;proses&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endahului&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyusul dari tindakan ini.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -7.5pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Mowen &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(1990 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;5) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engatakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bahwa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;studi unit-unit&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;proses&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;buatan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terlibat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eneri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penentuan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;barang,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jasa,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ide.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Difinisi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tersebut&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan istilah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;unit-unit &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;buat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karena &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dibuat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Difinisi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tersebut&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;juga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engatakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bahwa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;proses yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diawali &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peneri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diakhiri &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penentuan (disposition).&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Tahap&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;peneri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enganalisa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faktor-faktor&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;pilihan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terhadap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tahap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enganalisa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; senyatanya&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan&amp;nbsp; produk&amp;nbsp; yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diperoleh. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Tahap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penentuan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enunjukkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;apa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dilakukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;setelah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;selesai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk tersebut.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section3&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.6pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Studi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;udi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seorang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;buat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;su&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ber-su&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ber &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;iliki &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pada konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berkaitan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sesuatu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(barang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jasa).&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Schif&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Kanuk (1991&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;:&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;5)&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engatakan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;studi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ini&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eliputi;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;apa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dibeli,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engapa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ia &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belinya, dan berapa sering ia &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belinya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.7pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Swastha &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Handoko &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(1987 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;9) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endifinisikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en sebagai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tindakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;individu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;secara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;langsung&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;terlibat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;usaha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;peroleh dan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enggunakan&amp;nbsp; barang dan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; jasa&amp;nbsp; ekono&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;isalnya,&amp;nbsp; ter&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asuk kegiatan penga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bilan keputusan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(AMA)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;interaksi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dina&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;isalnya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;antara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pengaruh dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kognisi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; kejadian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;kitar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anusia &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan aspek&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pertukaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hidup&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Ada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tiga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ide&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penting&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;difinisi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tersebut yaitu;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.2pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perilaku&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dina&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;isalnya,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;artinya&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bergerak sepanjang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;waktu. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;I&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;plikasinya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;generalisasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;biasanya terbatas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;satu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jangka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;waktu, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tertentu. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Dlm &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;strategi pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berarti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;strategi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;d&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;pat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan hasil yang berbeda, untuk situasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berbeda.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Strategi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ber&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;h&lt;/span&gt;asil&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;titik&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tertentu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dapat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;saja&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gagal pada titik yang lain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elibatkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;interkasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;antara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengaruh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(afeksi) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan kognisi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kejadian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sekitar. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enge&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bangkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;strategi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kita &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harus &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;apa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dipikirkan (kognisi)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;apa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dirasakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(afeksi)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;apa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lakukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;serta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kejadian sekitar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dipengaruhi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;oleh&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;apa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dipikirkan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dirasa,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan dilakukan konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section4&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -6.3pt 0.0001pt 65.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dibedakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;m&lt;/span&gt;enja&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dua &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yaitu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;industri. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;akhir &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu- individu&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; untuk&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enuhi&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kebutuhan pribadi/konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ru&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tangganya. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Sedangkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisnis &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;le&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;baga adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sekelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ind&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;vidu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;na&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;digunakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;le&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;baga. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Dalam&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hal &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ini &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;le&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;baga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berarti &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perusahaan, le&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;baga pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erintah, dan le&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;baga lainya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 11pt; margin: 0.1pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;B. PENTINGNYA MEMPELAJARI PERILAKU KONSUMEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.8pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Me&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;proeses &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;sinya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berbagai keuntungan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;antara&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bantu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anager&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;buat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;teoritis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bagi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;peneliti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enganalisa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bantu legislatif&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erintah dalam&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyusun&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;undang-undang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;buat keputusan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bantu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;buat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keputusan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lebih&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;baik. Lebih&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;itu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;studi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tentang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dapat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bantu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kita&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; tentang faktor-faktor&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; p&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;s&lt;/span&gt;ikologi, sosiologi, dan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ekono&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anusia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Analisis&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dasar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dari&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anage&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran. Perencanaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;strategi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;harus&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;disusun&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berdasarkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;akan konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;target &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bagi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perusahaan. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pentingnya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;an &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engenai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dapat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;diju&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pai&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;definisi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah aktivitas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anusia &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diarahkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;un&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;t&lt;/span&gt;uk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;euni &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elalui &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;proses &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pertukaran. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;definisi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tersebut &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dua &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hal &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penting. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Perta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asasar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berusaha &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uaskan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuh&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;n &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kedua, pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;m&lt;/span&gt;elibatkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;studi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tentang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pertukaran&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;saling &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyerahakn &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;su&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ber &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;daya. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Agar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berhasil &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ereka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harus &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;factor-factor yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi keinginan dan kebutuhan konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.55pt; margin: 0.25pt -6.3pt 0.0001pt 68.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;Alasan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pelajari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; diiktisarkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebagai&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; berikut: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 7pt; margin: 0.15pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm -7.5pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;1.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Analisis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dasar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bagi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anager&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Hal&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ini&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bantu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enajer dala&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section5&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;a.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyusun bauran pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;b.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; seg&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;entasi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;c.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;defferensiasi dan product positioning.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 167.3pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;d.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyediakan dasar analisisi lingkungan&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;e.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enge&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bangkan riset pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt -7.4pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;2.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Analisis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ainkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;peranan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kritis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penge&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bangan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kebijakan publik.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt -7.5pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;3.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Pengetahuan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engenai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perilakuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enge&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bangkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ke&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;puan konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en yang lebih efektif.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0.25pt -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;4.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Analisis konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan pengetahuan tentang perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;anusia.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;5.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Studi perilaku konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;berikan 3 jenis infor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi, yaitu:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;a.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Orientasi konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;b.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Fakta &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engenai perilaku pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 47.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;c.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Teori yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bing dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;proses berfikir.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 7pt; margin: 0.7pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;C. KERANGKA ANALISIS PERILAKU KONSUMEN&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12pt; margin: 0.8pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -7pt 0.0001pt 50.7pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Secara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sederhana&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;variabel-variabel&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dapat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dibagi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kedalam&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;3 bagian yaitu :&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12pt; margin: 0.85pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm -7.4pt 0.0001pt 50.7pt; text-indent: -21.3pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;1.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Faktor-2&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ekstern&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;terdiri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kebudayaan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kelas&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sosial,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sosial dan referensi, dan keluarga.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm -7.5pt 0.0001pt 50.7pt; text-indent: -21.3pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;2.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Faktor-2&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;intern/individu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;terdiri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;otivasi,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;persepsi,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kepribadian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan konsep diri, belajar dan sikap individu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.7pt 0.0001pt 50.7pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;3.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;proses &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bilan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terdiri &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;5 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tahap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yi; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enganalisa keinginan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebutuhan,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pencarian&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;in&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;or&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penilaian&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilihan alternatif, keputusan untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli, dan perilaku sesudah pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.25pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.7pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Teori&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enyatakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bahwa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;fungsi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;individu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan lingkungan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;De&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;kian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;juga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;od&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;l&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keadaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lingkungan dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bersangkutan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eg&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;ng &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peranan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penting &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enentukan perilakunya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section6&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -6.4pt 0.0001pt 65.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Secara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sederhana&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Assael&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1994&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;14) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enge&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ukakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bahwa&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tiga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faktor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;pokok&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;proses&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;penga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bilan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keputusan.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Perta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah individu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilihan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jasa&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dipengaruhi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh; kebutuhan,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;persepsi,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sikap&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terhadap&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;alternati&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;-alternatif&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;serta&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;de&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ogra&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;i konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;gaya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hidup &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kepribadian. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Kedua &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lingkungan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang dipelihatkan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kebudayaan,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelas&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sosial,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;referensi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.85pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor situasional.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Ketiga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;strategi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engawasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan variabel-variabel produk, harga, pro&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;osi, dan distribusi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 10pt; margin: 0.95pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm -7.55pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Berkowitz&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1992&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;118),&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;secara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lengkap&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;baran&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faktor-faktor yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi penga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bilan keputusan konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en sebagai berikut:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQK0UfDiLv1fHA_PJ-IE4Q3RVMFyDGFyuDHquMGtzNM7mqwL-EgzqKYoPBSL88_iZpw1D3aGab66RLVdc4qrr3km_qQyndFv1EH5Zs-5UrNq-Z-nxDCDIidkh8srff8KYdvgdZtcsO15A/s1600/perilaku+kons+1.png&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;272&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQK0UfDiLv1fHA_PJ-IE4Q3RVMFyDGFyuDHquMGtzNM7mqwL-EgzqKYoPBSL88_iZpw1D3aGab66RLVdc4qrr3km_qQyndFv1EH5Zs-5UrNq-Z-nxDCDIidkh8srff8KYdvgdZtcsO15A/s400/perilaku+kons+1.png&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Ga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bar . Influence on the Consu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;er Purchase Decision Process&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Su&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ber:&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Berkowitz, et al., 1992 : 118&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;    &lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.6pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Dalam&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; kerangka&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; analisis&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yang&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dike&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ukakan&amp;nbsp;  Berkowitz,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ada&amp;nbsp; satu perbedaan&amp;nbsp; dibandingkan&amp;nbsp;  pendapat&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; para &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ahli&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yaitu&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asukkannya&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; faktor situasional dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kerangkan analisisinya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Faktor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasional &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kondisi&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; s&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;saat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uncul &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;te&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.95pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan waktu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tertentu.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Ke&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;unculanya&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ter&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;p&lt;/span&gt;isah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diri &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aupun &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en (Assael, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;1994 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;527). &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Belk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(1975 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;158) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;endifinisikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sebagai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;se&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ua faktor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;uta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terhadap &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;te&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tidak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enurut &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengetahuan seseorang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(intra&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;individual)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uli&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(alternatif&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pilihan)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;iliki&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bukti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan pengaruh sisti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;atis pada perilaku saat itu.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt -9.55pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pengaruh&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;situasional&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kekuatan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sesaat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tidak&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berasal&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam diri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;seseorang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berasal&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erek&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dipasarkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;W&lt;/span&gt;ilkie,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;1990 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;:&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;453).&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Pengaruh&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasional&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pada&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;personal&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan lingkungan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;se&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;entara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;uncul &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;aktivitas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sehingga &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eliputi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faktor-faktor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;seperti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elibatkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;waktu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;te&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;ana &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;aktivitas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terjadi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(2) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tindakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seperti perilaku &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(3) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tidak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ter&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karakteristik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;personal &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berlaku dalam &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jangka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;panjang. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.6pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;relatif &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kejadian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jangka pendek&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;harus&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dibedakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dengan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lingkungan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;akro&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faktor-faktor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;personal yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;iliki jangka waktu la&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;Section2&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.6pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.6pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pengaruh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasional &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;telah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enjadi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bangan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bagi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;banyak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peneliti perilaku&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Kenyataannya&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; se&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ua&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; perilaku&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungkin dipengaruhi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;oleh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pengaruh &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasional. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Peneliti &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harus &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engidenti&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;ikasi variabel&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;situasional&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;paling&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;u&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;um&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en. Problem &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asaran &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;disederhanakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jika &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;fokusnya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;hanya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diarahkan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pada situasi yang paling &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian produk. Penelitian telah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ene&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ukan bahwa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasional &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pilihan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engubah ke&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungkinan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilihan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berbagai &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;alternatif &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(Kol&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Monroe, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Glazer, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;1987, dalam&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Titus dan Ernett, 1996).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt -7.75pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Terdapat&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tiga&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;jenis&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berkaitan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asar&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yaitu:&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si, situasi pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian, dan situasi ko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;unikasi (Assael, 1994 : 527)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.55pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Situasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;adalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keadaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erek&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;digunakan.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Suatu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;parfum &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungkin&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;digunakan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;acara&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;tertentu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sedangkan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;parfum&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lain&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;digunakan untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sehari-hari.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;n&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;num&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kopi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;bubuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enja&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;u&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;u dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;inum&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kopi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;instan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sehari-ha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;r&lt;/span&gt;i.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Situasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;de&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ikian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sebagaian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dapat diantisipasi, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;isalnya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;akan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pergi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kes&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;u&lt;/span&gt;atu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;te&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;akan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kedatangan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;u tertentu. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Sebagian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lain &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tidak &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bisa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diantisipasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;salnya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tiba-tiba &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ada &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;u yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;datang. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Keadaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;de&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ikian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aksa &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sesuatu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;secara cepat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;rela &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bayar &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karena &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keterbatasan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;waktu &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berkeliling &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;encari harga yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;urah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berkaitan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dengan: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perta&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lingkungan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dalam &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;toko seperti &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ketersediaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;produk, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perubahan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;harga, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ke&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;udahan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;belanja &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang berkait&amp;nbsp; dengan&amp;nbsp; pilihan&amp;nbsp; berbelanja.&amp;nbsp; Kedua,&amp;nbsp; situasi&amp;nbsp; pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian&amp;nbsp; berkaitan&amp;nbsp; dengan apakah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;produk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dibeli&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hadiah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.1pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dirinya sendiri.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en biasanya &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engunakan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kriteria &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;berbeda &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ungkin &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erek &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;berbeda&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jika&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ia&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;untuk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dirinya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sendiri.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Ketiga,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;situasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berkaitan &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;dengan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keadaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ood&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ketika&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;berbelaja.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Keadaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;senang&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;atau&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.9pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keadaan susah &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;rosesan dan pencarian infor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi tentang produk.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Ko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;unikasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;adalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keadaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;di&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ana &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terbuka &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;untuk infor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;baik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;orang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;seorang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ataupun &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;infor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;bersifat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;i&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;personal. Situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ko&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;unikasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dapat &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enentukan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;apakah&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;akan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;u&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;kan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enahan infor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asi.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0.25pt 4.65pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Untuk&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aha&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lebih&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;lanjut&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tentang&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;aka &amp;nbsp;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;perlu&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.3pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diketahui tentang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;karekteristik &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;si &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;situasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Dengan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engacu pada&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pendapat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Belk&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dalam&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Assael&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;1994&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;530),&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;Engel&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;et.&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;al.,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1994&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;210),&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.15pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan Mowen&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1990&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;536)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;terdapat&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;li&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;jenis&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;situasi&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yaitu;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;lingkungan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.45pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;fisik, lingkungan sosial, definisi tugas, perspektif waktu, dan pernyataan sebelu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;nya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin: 0.25pt -6.4pt 0.0001pt 65.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Kotler &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(1995 &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;: &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;203) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;secara &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;rinci &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;eng&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;i&lt;/span&gt;dentifikasikan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor-faktor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;yang&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; m&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi perilaku pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;beli.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 13.55pt; margin: 0cm -1pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; position: relative; top: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMnUFcqabWuwGXIrhQu-2UtbNCzY7vNpLDXR9BWcOBAqsB0dDp2KC-UaDfTyqZ3USFn58qREtbV_JKTnJe5AQlKgKGHifzA-Zcad4EZYu5tTOJqLQWoNx74KTKZMSR9yFtQALSbvsNhXQ/s1600/kotler.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;404&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMnUFcqabWuwGXIrhQu-2UtbNCzY7vNpLDXR9BWcOBAqsB0dDp2KC-UaDfTyqZ3USFn58qREtbV_JKTnJe5AQlKgKGHifzA-Zcad4EZYu5tTOJqLQWoNx74KTKZMSR9yFtQALSbvsNhXQ/s640/kotler.jpg&quot; width=&quot;640&quot; /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; line-height: 115%;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;m:smallfrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:dispdef&gt;    &lt;m:lmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:rmargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:defjc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:wrapindent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:intlim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;&gt;    &lt;m:narylim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;&gt;   &lt;/m:narylim&gt;&lt;/m:intlim&gt; &lt;/m:wrapindent&gt;  &lt;/m:defjc&gt;&lt;/m:rmargin&gt;&lt;/m:lmargin&gt;&lt;/m:dispdef&gt;&lt;/m:smallfrac&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;Section1&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -6.35pt 0.0001pt 65.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;Pada&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bar&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; diatas&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; ada&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; beberapa&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; faktor&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yang &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pengaruhi&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.7pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;perilaku&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsu&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;en&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;yaitu:&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;kebudayaan,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.85pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;y&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;a&lt;/span&gt;ng&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;terdiri&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;budaya,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sub&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;budaya dan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelas&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sosial;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(2) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sosial,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.7pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sosial &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terdiri &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.2pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kelo&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;pok&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;referensi, keluarga,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.8pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;peranan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;status; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(3) &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;personal,&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.65pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;faktor&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;personal&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.75pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terdiri &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;usia dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;tahap&amp;nbsp; daur&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; hidup,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.55pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;pekerjaan, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keadaan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;ekono&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;i,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;gaya&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;hidup,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keperibadian dan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;konsep &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diri; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(4)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;psikologis,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.3pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;faktor &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.6pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;psikologis &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.5pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;terdiri&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dari&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;otivasi,&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;persepsi,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt;belajar, &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;kepercayaan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;sikap. &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -1.25pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Sedangkan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; proses&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; penga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bilan&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; keputusan a&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;dalah &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;erupakan&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; aktivitas&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; dari &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;individu&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; sebagai&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; reaksi&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;  atas &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.9pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;diperolehnya rangsangan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 12.25pt; margin: 0cm -7.45pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 6pt; margin: 0.9pt 0cm 0.0001pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin: 0cm 4.6pt 0.0001pt 29.4pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Proses&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;penga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bilan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;keputusan&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.15pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;ini&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 1.4pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;sedikitnya&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;punyai&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; li&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;a tahapan,&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; yaitu:&amp;nbsp; (1)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.25pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engidentifikasi &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.35pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;asalah&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(kebutuhan&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.2pt;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;dan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;keinginan); &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: 0.4pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(2) pencarian  alternati&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (3)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;engevaluasi alternati&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;-alternati&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (4)&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;enga&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;bil keputusan&amp;nbsp; atau &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;e&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;ilih &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;alternatif&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; (&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;elakukan &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;pe&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;belian); &lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.05pt;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;(5)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; evaluasi perilaku purna&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; beli&amp;nbsp; (Dhar&lt;span style=&quot;letter-spacing: -0.1pt;&quot;&gt;m&lt;/span&gt;esta,&amp;nbsp; 1993:37).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;br clear=&quot;all&quot; style=&quot;page-break-before: always;&quot; /&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/12/blog-post.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQK0UfDiLv1fHA_PJ-IE4Q3RVMFyDGFyuDHquMGtzNM7mqwL-EgzqKYoPBSL88_iZpw1D3aGab66RLVdc4qrr3km_qQyndFv1EH5Zs-5UrNq-Z-nxDCDIidkh8srff8KYdvgdZtcsO15A/s72-c/perilaku+kons+1.png" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-3411966551236631376</guid><pubDate>Sat, 27 Nov 2010 00:17:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:17:46.374-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">News</category><title>10 Hal Penting Bagi Aplikasi Bisnis di Indonesia</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Oracle dan Frost &amp;amp; Sullivan menggelar survei pada 1.528 perusahaan  menengah. Survei dilakukan di kawasan Asia Pasifik, mencakup Indonesia  dan negara ASEAN lainnya serta negara lain seperti India, China,  Australia maupun Korea Selatan. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Survei itu mencoba mengukur hal  apa yang diinginkan kalangan perusahaan dari aplikasi di lingkungan  bisnis. Secara khusus, survei ini melihat &lt;em&gt;deployment&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;maintenance&lt;/em&gt;, skala ekonomi serta keamanan dan kecepatan. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Di Indonesia, hasil survei itu menyimpulkan, perusahaan punya perhatian besar pada &lt;em&gt;deployment&lt;/em&gt;, dukungan, fleksibilitas dan keamanan serta kecepatan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Berikut adalah 10 hal yang dianggap paling penting dari sisi kebutuhan bisnis sesuai urutannya:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Dukungan Pascapenjualan vendor software&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kecepatan dalam menyelesaikan masalah&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Penggelaran proyek yang sesuai anggaran&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kemampuan untuk mengintegrasikan sistem dan kebutuhan dari berbagai departemen dan mitra bisnis.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kemudahan untuk penggelaran perbaikan/penambalan.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Pertimbangan keamanan yang komprehensif&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Penggelaran proyek yang tepat waktu&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kemudahan kustomisasi aplikasi&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kemudahan penggelaran update keamanan&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kecepatan untuk mendatangkan keuntungan bagi bisnis&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Sedangkan jika yang dilihat adalah performanya, respon terbesar dari Indonesia mencakup hal-hal seputar permasalahan umum, &lt;em&gt;deployment&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;support &lt;/em&gt;hingga perencanaan anggaran. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Urutannya, dari sisi performa, adalah sebagai berikut:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li&gt;Pemahaman mendalam dari Dept. TI terhadap kebutuhan bisnis&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Penggelaran proyek yang sesuai dengan bujet&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kemudahan pemeliharaan data&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Penggelaran proyek yang cepat&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Dukungan pascapenjualan dari vendor software&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kustomisasi aplikasi&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Kecepatan untuk mendatangkan keuntungan bagi bisnis&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Pengelolaan aplikasi keamanan&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Penggelaran perbaikan/penambalan&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Penggelaran proyek tepat waktu&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Oracle mengaitkan survei ini dengan program bernama Oracle  Accelerate. Ini merupakan sebuah strategi yang menggabungkan Oracle  Applications dan Oracle Business Accelerators. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oracle Business  Accelerator konon bisa digunakan untuk menerapkan sebuah proyek  Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) dalam 30 hingga 60 hari. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Suraj  Pai, Senior Director, Sales for Commercial Accounts, Oracle untuk  wilayah ASEAN dan South Asia Growth Economies, mengatakan saat ini ada  lebih dari 25.000 pengguna Oracle Applications skala menengah.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/11/10-hal-penting-bagi-aplikasi-bisnis-di.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-6139410885717991523</guid><pubDate>Sat, 06 Nov 2010 23:00:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-12-06T16:04:21.324-08:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>10 Strategies for the New Sales Professional</title><description>&lt;div id=&quot;pageStart_paginator_15246209_1&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;All sales teams have a  few sales superstar standouts, recognized by everyone in the company as  the top producers. These sales champions often are even acknowledged by  the competition as a threat to their businesses. Frequently, the men  and women on this list are earning the most money, taking trips, and  perhaps enjoying a round of golf with clients during the week or other  perks of the profession. They are the envy of the rest of the sales  organization and the benchmark for new sales professionals as they  embark on their careers. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;But how did they get there? How do others achieve the same status? &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;New selling professionals must first  understand and embrace the philosophy of hard work. Our sales champions  who have higher incomes, win fabulous vacations, and enjoy other rewards  bestowed upon them for their efforts have only done so after dedicating  themselves to their territory and to their customers. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Individuals new to the sales game must  internalize the point that selling is something you do with the  customer, not something you do to a customer. New sales professionals  need to be proud of what they are doing, who they represent, and the  products and services they provide to their customers. Something that is  extremely relevant to each and every salesperson, rookie and veteran  alike, is that you make more money selling solutions than you do selling  products or services. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;These 10 strategies can help the new sales professional get to the top: &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;ol style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Master the art of prospecting and  qualifying. If you don’t even read the other nine strategies, never stop  prospecting and get really good at qualifying. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Commit to learning as much as you can about  your company, your products, and your industry. Master the 3 C’s:  confidence, confidence, and confidence. Have confidence in yourself,  confidence in your product, and confidence in the company you represent.  Do this and you can go toe-to-toe with any competitor or buyer. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Reach out to the top-performing salespeople  in your company and ask good questions about their successes, failures,  and best practices and how they built their business. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Be fearless and adopt the philosophy made  famous by author, motivational speaker, and salesperson Zig Ziglar:  “Timid salespeople have skinny kids.” &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Prepare more than you think you need to before every sales call. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;After each call or at the end of each day,  review each sales call with your manager, a mentor, or a fellow sales  rep. And make sure you review all the good and bad calls with equal  objectivity. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Record your presentation and listen to it.  Rerecord it and listen again. Do this over and over until you feel good  about what you are hearing. Have others listen and provide objective  feedback. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;spc&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Avoid hanging out with sales representatives  on your team who have a negative attitude or who may be at risk of not  making quota. Misery loves company, and they will try and drag you down,  too. Follow the winners, learn from the leaders, and sell with the  superstars. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Listen to sales programs in your car or on  your iPod. You can learn so much in between calls and on your way to  work. Just about every successful salesperson has a vast personal  library of books, CDs, and DVDs on sales and selling. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot;&gt;Make it fun. Enjoy the gamesmanship of  selling, and always rise above the word no, because a yes is waiting for  you at your very next stop. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;New sales reps have a distinct advantage  because they can only go up in productivity. The question is this, how  far will you go in driving your sales career? You are only limited by  your own desire to succeed.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div id=&quot;trln&quot; name=&quot;trln&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Source : http://www.allbusiness.com/&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/11/10-strategies-for-new-sales.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-1778015046244718939</guid><pubDate>Sat, 23 Oct 2010 22:24:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-10-23T15:24:20.683-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>7 Steps for Improving Your Email Marketing</title><description>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The success of your email marketing campaign is often based on a set of complex factors. However, a number of these issues can be proactively managed to ensure an optimized response. When developing your next email campaign, consider the following guidelines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Your list.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Certainly one of the most important aspects of any email marketing campaign, your list is directly correlated to your success. Are your names recent? Have they agreed to be marketed to? Have they shown an interest in products or services similar to your own? Make sure that you are using a house list (names you collected on your own) or have been purchases from a reputable broker.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Your subject line.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Getting a user to open your message is paramount any email marketing campaign. The best way to determine the subject line that works best is to break your emails into three random yet equal groups. Measure the response to each email and use the highest producing one as your control. In follow up emails, try to beat the response rate of your control email.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Your sender information.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;What information appears on the sender line of your email? Will your prospects recognize it? Do they want to hear from you? Often times, emails are deleted without ever being opened due to an indiscernible sender name. Your sender name should be brief and easily understood.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Track your results.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Tracking allows you to determine who opened your message and clicked on a link or multiple links within your email. By determining what worked and what didn&#39;t, you can replicate success on your next email. As described above, tracking is particularly important when testing subject lines, imbedded links, and other direct response vehicles.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Make sure your unsubscribe method is in place and working&lt;/strong&gt;. The CAN-SPAM act of 2003 requires that all email messages contain clear directions on how to opt-out from subsequent mailings. Provide an unsubscribe mechanism that allows those receiving your email to send you and email and indicate their desire to opt-out from receiving further emails from you or your business. If recipients no longer want to hear from you, it&#39;s in your best interest to remove them from your list.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Your images are correctly referenced and you&#39;ve used alt tags in each image.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Improperly referencing your images can cause them to appear broken when you send your message - the dreaded red x. To insure the image is referenced correctly it must appear as, img src=&quot;http://www.yourdomain.com....&quot; rather than, img src=&quot;/images/picture.jpg&quot;. Alt tags are another important part of your images. The new security features on almost every email client these days disables images automatically. Having alt tags in place allow your reader to identify the image and determine if it is safe to enable.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7. Test, Test, Test!&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;No matter what your involvement with email marketing happens to be, it is essential that you follow the guidelines above for successful results. In addition, the key is to test, test, test! After each email campaign, measure your opens, click-throughs, and purchases. Document the specific date, time, list, subject line, and content used to produce your results. Refer back to your documentation prior to your next campaign.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Email doesn&#39;t have to be a complex form of marketing. There are many best practices you can follow and some simple rules that ensure effectively delivery, open and conversion. By following the simple rules presented in this article, you&#39;ll not only deliver and effective email campaign, you&#39;ll discover a consistent method for generation revenue for your business.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/10/7-steps-for-improving-your-email.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-6106676641678534136</guid><pubDate>Sat, 23 Oct 2010 22:22:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-10-23T15:22:56.242-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>The 7 Secrets of Internet Marketing</title><description>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Many marketers have been shifting their marketing budgets to the web over the past few years. Marketing online allows you to target specific audiences and easily track return on investment, commonly referred to as ROI. Unlike traditional marketing methods, results of Internet marketing campaigns are almost immediate. This allows you to better evaluate what elements of your campaign are producing results and which are not. When buying online media, you must be willing to shift your marketing dollars to the online methods that produce a positive return.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;To be successful at Internet marketing, you must understand the essential secrets of Internet marketing. These secrets can allow you to achieve success by finding the right audience, communicating your message properly, and leading consumers down the path to purchase. These secrets include:&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1. Website Directory Listings.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Before you begin any marketing campaign, make sure that the website you&#39;re promoting has been listed in the common directories such as DMOZ, Yahoo!, and Google. Even if you&#39;re using a marketing page off of the root directory of your website, be sure that the primary site is listed. This ensures that prospects can continue to find your marketing pages long after you&#39;ve launched your campaign.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2. Generating Traffic.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;In order to realize a return on your investment, you need to generate traffic to your marketing pages. There are a number of ways to do so online. Some of the most popular include Google AdSense, Overture, and Looksmart. Other methods include affiliate programs and targeted website advertising. Research other websites that have the audience you&#39;re looking for and negotiate favorable ad rates for your online marketing campaign.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3. Marketing Pages.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Don&#39;t lead prospective purchasers to a generic website. If you do, potential buyers won&#39;t know what to do next. The easier you make if for prospects to take advantage of your offer, the better. Whenever creating a marketing campaign online, provide a specific page for leading purchasers to your product or service or a billboard that showcases the offer. Take the guess work out of making a purchase and more consumers will buy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;4. Testimonials.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Customer testimonials are the most powerful way to sell your product or service. When consumers hear from those who have purchased and used your product or service, they gain a certain level of trust and comfort in what you have to offer. Solicit testimonials after each purchase and use those that are the most convincing to prospective purchasers.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;5. Create a Compelling Offer.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Be sure to offer something that no one else is currently offering. If your offer is similar to your competitors or is not very interesting, consumers have no reason to learn more. Of course providing something for FREE is often a great way to entice potential customers. Maybe it&#39;s a 3-day free trial or a free evaluation of some kind. Be creative, try something new, and measure the response.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;6. Developing Trust.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Before anyone will buy from you, your website or company needs to be seen as reputable. This means that consumers can purchase from you and not worry about the safety of their credit card information, personal information, or anything else being exchanged. A good method for developing trust is to purchase and display safety and reliability icons such as BBB Online, Trust-e, and VeriSign.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;7. Provide a Guarantee.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-converted-space&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Nothing makes a consumer more comfortable with a purchase than offering a guarantee. Perhaps you can offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee or a money back guarantee. A guarantee is a great way ease the risk of making a purchase. If your competitors are offering a guarantee, you want yours to be equal or better.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Internet marketing is an incredibly powerful medium for segmenting your prospects and delivering targeted advertising. Online, you can easily measure you return on investment and refine your marketing campaign over time to improve results.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;If you are a local business you can benefit from Internet marketing as well. Look for local directories to list your business or service. Or, you can supplement your local advertising with product marketing pages on your website. Internet marketing is more than just placing ads online, it&#39;s using the web to communicate the value of your products and services.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/10/7-secrets-of-internet-marketing.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-1441893767721125271</guid><pubDate>Sat, 23 Oct 2010 22:20:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-10-23T15:20:22.759-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>7 Tips for Effective Reciprocal Linking</title><description>&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;border-collapse: separate; color: black; font-family: &#39;Times New Roman&#39;; font-size: medium; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;Apple-style-span&quot; style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Reciprocal linking...does it work? Yes it does. One can debate the value of reciprocal linking compared to other linking strategies. And without a doubt, one way links far outway the value of a reciprocal link. However, if done correctly, reciprocal linking can be a powerful SEO strategy for your website.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Tip #1&lt;br /&gt;
Search for reciprocal links from pages that have a Google PR equal or greater to your own. By doing so, you are enhancing the quality/value of the reciprocal link improving your overall success in the eyes of the search engines - especially Google. The higher the Google PR the more valuable the link becomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Tip #2&lt;br /&gt;
Exchange links only with sites that are related to your site/industry in some way. For example, don&#39;t link to web sites about athletic clothing if you&#39;re selling hardware. Sites that you&#39;re exchaning links with need to be contextually relevant. When they are, you earn extra points in the eyes of Google and other major search engines.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Tip #3&lt;br /&gt;
Make sure that your anchor text, the text that comprises your link contains your keywords. This is one of the most important aspects of linking. For example, a link to my primary site should look like this: &quot;Internet Marketing Expert Marketing Secrets&quot; instead of &quot;www.marketingscoop.com&quot;. Doing so will signal the search engines with the specific keywords that you&#39;re optimizing for. This enhances your search results when someone searches on your keywords or keyword phrase.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Tip #4&lt;br /&gt;
Your links page should never include more than one hundred links. Keeping your link quantity below one hundred ensures that search engines do not discredit the value of your site or challenge it as SPAM. One way to include more than one hundred links to to create a mini-link directory. Develop categories and group your links appropriately.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Tip #5&lt;br /&gt;
Check your partner&#39;s websites on a regular basis to ensure that they are still linking back to you. Often I&#39;ve exchanged links with a site only to find that they removed the link back to my site only days after the exchange. You can do this manually or utilize software to do it for you. There are a variety of options out there. No matter how you validate reciprocal links, check them on a regular basis.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Tip #6&lt;br /&gt;
View the title of the links page where your link will be placed. You can do this by visiting the link page and then pressing &quot;view&quot; on your browser menu bar. Then select &quot;view source code&quot; and find the meta tags. The title tag should include keywords relevant to your site. It doesn&#39;t have to, but if it does, the more valuable it becomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Tip #7&lt;br /&gt;
Quality over quantity. When you being the process of building reciprocal links for your website, go for quality over quantity. Once you get started, you will undoubtedly have numerous sites looking for an exchange. If the sites don&#39;t meet your linking criteria, you must say no to the link exchange.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;color: #666666; font-family: &#39;Lucida Sans&#39;,Tahoma,Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; list-style-type: square; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In summary, make sure your reciprocal link program includes relevant links that have an equal or greater Google PR. Check your links often and make sure not to include more than 100 links on your link exchange page. Follow these tips and you&#39;re well on your way to a successful reciprocal linking campaign. Lastly, be patient. The value of reciprocal links is most clearly seen over time.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/10/7-tips-for-effective-reciprocal-linking.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>2</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-8905120659969649706</guid><pubDate>Sat, 09 Oct 2010 15:03:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-10-09T08:03:55.301-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Tips</category><title>Article Marketing: Your Secret to Improved Search Engine Rankings</title><description>The key to improving search engine results is to develop quality links          to your website. There are a variety of techniques you can use to get          others linking to you. One of the most popular and effective methods is          through article marketing.&lt;br /&gt;
The concept of article marketing is to take authored content that you          create and distribute it to websites in need of content. When you distribute          your article, you include links back to your website (usually in the About          the Author section). These links help to improve your website’s          link popularity and therefore search engine results.&lt;br /&gt;
Article marketing is most effective when you can create articles that          are of value to a wide audience or targeted niche market. Keep these guidelines          in mind when article marketing:&lt;br /&gt;
1. Use original article content. There are a variety of ways to write          articles. I find the best way to generate articles that improve search          engine results is to make sure its an original. There are many websites          that offer PLR articles (private label rights), article wizards, and so          on. Regardless of how you produce your article, make sure it is one-of-a-kind.&lt;br /&gt;
2. Make your articles available on your own website. As a starting point,          each time you create original content, post it on you website. Google          looks for and diminishes the search results of duplicate content. Therefore,          it’s important that you stake a claim for your content by promoting          it on your website before any distribution effort.&lt;br /&gt;
3. Embed your keywords and keyword phrases. When writing your articles,          be sure to include your keywords and keyword phrases throughout your document.          Using the proper keywords is essential for website indexing and search          engine optimization.&lt;br /&gt;
4. Write articles with a minimum of 600 words. A number of websites that          accept and distribute articles will only do so if you meet article requirements          such as minimum length. Many of these websites process a large number          of articles and attempt to reduce spam with a minimum word count requirement          of 600 words or more.&lt;br /&gt;
5. Use article distribution sites. By submitting your article to the          largest article distribution sites you improve the likelihood of your          article being repurposed by third party websites. Sites like eZineArticles.com          and GoArticles.com are popular resources for webmasters seeking quality          content. If webmasters find the information in your article valuable,          they’ll repurpose it on their own website. This viral effect can          provide significant traffic to your article(s).&lt;br /&gt;
6. Include an About the Author section. At the conclusion of your article,          be sure to include an About the Author section. This is one of the most          important things you can do to build back links to your site. When other          websites publish your content they are required to include this section.          Make sure that multiple links to your site are present in order to build          link popularity and improve your search engine result placements.&lt;br /&gt;
7. Be persistent. The benefits of article marketing are seen over time.          As a rule of thumb, you should begin any article marketing campaign with          a commitment to produce and disseminate a minimum of 10 articles. This          gives you a good footprint in your area of expertise and builds a number          of backlinks to your website.&lt;br /&gt;
Whether you’re new to article marketing or are an experienced article          marketer, each article you produce and distribute provides value to your          website when executed correctly. Write valuable content, include an about          the author section, and use article distribution websites. You’ll          quickly discover that article marketing is a great way to promote a product,          website or service!</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/10/article-marketing-your-secret-to.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-9153014686160782922</guid><pubDate>Sat, 09 Oct 2010 15:01:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-10-09T08:01:47.998-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Marketpedia</category><title>Developing an Effective Marketing Campaign</title><description>If you&#39;re trying to sell a product of service, you need to concern yourself          with only four marketing principles. Although these marketing ideas may          seem simple, they are incredibly powerful for communicating your message,          motivating your prospects, and getting them to take an action.&lt;br /&gt;
As a marketing veteran, I can tell you that many people over complicate          the process of marketing, and as a result, never see a positive return          on their marketing investment. This is not to say that certain aspects          of marketing are easy. Many require in-depth knowledge of a specific marketing          discipline. However, the four basic principles I describe here are the          building blocks of any effective marketing, Internet marketing, or search          engine optimization campaign.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;1. Know Your Audience.&lt;/strong&gt; No one can effectively market,          communicate, or sell without knowing their audience or what motivates          them to buy. Is your potential customer male or female? Young or old?          A first time buyer or frequent purchaser? Are they the final decision          maker? Do they have preferences for a particular product, service, or          delivery method? The more you know about your audience, the more targeted          and relevant your marketing can be. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;2. Timing is Everything.&lt;/strong&gt; Even with the most convincing          marketing campaign, prospects will have no interest in your product or          service if you aren&#39;t communicating to them at the right time. Be sure          your marketing message is in front of prospects when they&#39;re ready to          buy. This could be at a particular time of year or perhaps prior to a          life event.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;3. Finding the Right Offer.&lt;/strong&gt; In direct marketing, experts          say that results are 40% dependant on your list, 40% on the offer, and          20% on your creative. The same is true for internet marketing, search          engine marketing, and the like. Test your offers and find the one that          out performs all the others. This offer should continually be tested and          refined to improve your results.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;4. It&#39;s all about the Messaging.&lt;/strong&gt; If you know your audience          well enough, you should be able to craft a message that addresses their          needs and differentiates your product or service from the competition.          Additionally, be sure to stress benefits over features. This will give          your audience a reason to read, try, and buy.&lt;br /&gt;
The next time you are conducting a marketing campaign, use these effective          marketing principles. Knowing your audience, ensuring that you reach them          when they&#39;re ready to buy, experimenting to find the most productive offer,          and communicating to them productively, are essential for any marketing          campaign to deliver results.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/10/developing-effective-marketing-campaign.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-7830802147031343438</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 07:10:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-09-18T00:12:17.961-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">News</category><title>XL: Berinvestasi dalam Komunitas Blogger</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Ada sejuta blogger Indonesia di tahun ini. Era konsumen bicara pun tiba. Para pemilik merek pun mulai menggandeng komunitas blogger dan netizen untuk kegiatan pemasaran dan korporasi. Seberapa efektif? &lt;br /&gt;
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Tak disangkal, perkembangan aktivitas ngeblog di Indonesia boleh dibilang spektakuler. Setahun terakhir, jumlah blogger meningkat dua kali lipat dari tahun sebelumnya menjadi 1 juta blogger. Jumlah pengguna internet di tanah air mencapai lebih 30 juta pengguna di tahun 2009. Sementara, Bahasa Indonesia berada di urutan ke tiga di dunia sebagai bahasa yang paling banyak digunakan di WordPress. &lt;br /&gt;
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Perhatian pemerintah pada blogger boleh dibilang cukup besar. Buktinya, pemerintah menetapkan 27 Oktober sebagai Hari Blogger Nasional. Penetapan ini bertepatan dengan Pesta Blogger pertama 27 Oktober 2007. Pesta Blogger merupakan ajang temu nasional para blogger di Indonesia. Pada tahun ini, Pesta Blogger sudah dilakukan untuk ketiga kalinya. Dukungan pada Pesta Blogger setiap tahunnya kian besar. Kedutaan Amerika Serikat untuk Indonesia menjadi sponsor tetap ajang ini. Belum lagi dukungan dari para blogger luar negeri. Tak ketinggalan para pebisnis pun mulai melirik komunitas berbasis web 2.0 ini. Mereka mulai membangun relasi baik dengan para blogger maupun netizen untuk kegiatan pemasaran maupun korporasi mereka. &lt;br /&gt;
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Beberapa merek yang mulai menggandeng para blogger ini, antara lain operator seluler XL, bir Guinness, dan Pertamina. Beragam kegiatan pun digelar dengan melibatkan komunitas tersebut. &lt;br /&gt;
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“Kita sudah memperhatikan komunitas ini semenjak dua tahun lalu. Ini adalah era community base. Orang Indonesia suka berkumpul. Guyub dan saling bertukar informasi. Internet telah menyediakan ruang baru bagi mereka,” kata Handono Warih, General Manager Direct Sales PT Excelcomindo Pratama Tbk. &lt;br /&gt;
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Sebagai perusahaan jasa, XL cukup peduli dengan perkembangan dunia digital ini. Khususnya, jejaring sosial yang kian disesaki peminat. “Jejaring sosial sudah menjadi kepedulian kami sejak awal. Termasuk sebelum Facebook, Twitter ngetren seperti sekarang ini. Kita melihat tren pasar. Pada tahun 2007, blogger menjadi tren. Pada tahun 2008, kegiatan blog tetap berkembang tapi lebih marak dilakukan dengan Facebook. Di Facebook, orang masih bisa melakukan aktivitas blogging sekaligus men-sharing-kannya kepada yang lain. Apalagi di Facebook, orang dengan mudah saling berkomentar,” katanya. &lt;br /&gt;
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XL juga mendukung ajang Pesta Blogger. Dalam Pesta Blogger 2009, XL menggelar program XL Blog Award. Ajang ini merupakan ruang penghargaan bagi para pengelola blog yang menuangkan ide dan kreativitasnya. XL Blog Award ini menyajikan 10 kategori untuk penilaian. Pemenang diumumkan dalam puncak acara Pesta Blogger pada 24 Oktober 2009 di Jakarta. Blogger yang berpartisipasi dalam lomba wajib mencantumkan logo XL Blog Award di tiap blognya. Pesertanya pun cukup banyak. &lt;br /&gt;
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“Kita di blogger tidak sekadar sponsor. Tapi, juga bagaimana secara produk, XL juga semakin diketahui oleh banyak orang. Kita pernah melombakan membuat cerita. Setiap peserta harus mencantumkan logo XL di setiap aktivitas mereka dan di-posting di Nyambungterus.com,” tambah Febriati Nadia, Head of Corporate Communication XL.&lt;br /&gt;
XL beberapa kali mendukung kegiatan komunitas blogger. Asal tahu saja, komunitas blogger semakin bertumbuh. Seperti terlihat dalam Pesta Blogger lalu, hampir setiap kota di Indonesia mempunyai komunitas sendiri. Misalnya, komunitas Lumpia dari Semarang, Cah Andong dari Yogyakarta, Angin Mamiri dari Makassar, blogger Bali, Bekasi, dan sebagainya. Termasuk beberapa blog dikelola secara keroyokan seperti Kompasiana yang digawangi oleh Kompas.com, Politikana, Publikana, dan sebagainya.&lt;br /&gt;
“Intinya, XL sadar pada aktivitas teman-teman blogger. Banyak hal yang bisa kita petik. Dari yang sifatnya improvement XL ke depan sampai media untuk mendengarkan suara pelanggan kita. Sekarang, masyarakat tidak hanya mengandalkan satu saluran resmi dari korporat. Tapi, juga melalui media sosial seperti ini,” katanya. &lt;br /&gt;
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Handono mengamini bahwa era sekarang disebut sebagai era konsumen bicara. Fenomena web 2.o ini telah mengubah pola relasi antara perusahaan dan konsumennya. Sekarang, polanya dua arah. Bahkan, konsumen bisa menciptakan medianya sendiri untuk menyampaikan opininya. &lt;br /&gt;
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“Dengan blog, Facebook, Twitter, dan jejaring sosial lainnya, kita dengan cepat bisa mengetahui keluhan-keluhan. Ini merupakan tantangan. Biasanya, kita dengan cepat pula merespon dan mengarahkan keluhan itu untuk ditangani secara resmi,” imbuh Nadia. &lt;br /&gt;
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Bagi XL, komplain pelanggan melalui media sosial bukanlah bencana. “Tips-nya, asalkan kita transparan, cepat tanggap, segala komplain tadi bisa segera diatasi. Digital web 2.0 sebenarnya sangat bagus untuk pengembangan image perusahaan. Komplain di internet bagi kami bukan masalah. Tapi, itu tantangan!” imbuh Nadira Febriati. &lt;br /&gt;
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Dengan kesigapan dan transparansi, XL mampu mengubah blogger yang bisa menulis keluhan menjadi agen baru. Setiap ada produk baru, dia yang untuk pertama kali me-review. “Mereka yang akan membagikan informasi itu ke komunitas yang lain, mengingat dengan mudah informasi ini dibagikan melalui media blog. Kita juga sering memberikan special price kepada mereka,” imbuhnya. &lt;br /&gt;
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XL juga senantiasa mendorong agar aktivitas blogging bisa mendatangkan sesuatu yang bermanfaat, khususnya bagi blogger itu sendiri. “Ke depan, kita punya supporting dengan Google dengan menggelar seminar UKM. Kita undang juga para blogger dan pengguna internet. Kita akan edukasi terus bagaimana dengan internet mereka bisa menghasilkan dan mendapatkan sesuatu. Kita ingin mereka menjadi blogpreneur,” katanya. &lt;br /&gt;
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Sementara itu, Herman Sulina, Marketing Manager Guinness, melihat media digital sangat efektif untuk berkomunikasi dengan target pasarnya, khususnya bagi generasi muda. “Saat ini, yang paling efektif adalah para blogger. Bagi saya, para blogger ini adalah para market influencer sejati. Beberapa blogger mempunyai follower sehingga informasi lebih luas tersiar. Digital menjadi media,” kata Herman. &lt;br /&gt;
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Dalam rangka peringatan ulang tahunnya ke-250, Guinness Indonesia mengadakan lomba penulisan artikel dan foto untuk para blogger. Hadiahnya pun tak tanggung-tanggung. Empat pemenang lomba penulisan artikel dan foto diundang untuk menghadiri perayaan Global Guinness 250 tahun di Dublin, Irlandia. Para pemenang itu terpilih dari seratusan peserta yang mendaftarkan blognya ke website www.guinness.com serta puluhan artikel media cetak yang dikirim penulisnya ke Guinness Indonesia. &lt;br /&gt;
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Promosi yang dilakukan para blogger, bagi Herman, itu cukup unik. Apa yang mereka sampaikan tidak berbau komersial seperti halnya iklan. Mereka menyampaikan testimoni apa adanya. “Berbeda kalau kita sendiri yang ngomong, orang tidak mudah percaya. Tapi, orang lain di luar brand justru mempunyai kekuatan mempengaruhi yang besar. Sekarang, konsumen lebih percaya antarkonsumen sendiri. Mereka melakukan testimoni. Sedangkan kita propaganda brand,” imbuhnya. &lt;br /&gt;
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Ada indikasi positif dengan pendekatan pada komunitas blogger ini. Tapi, kuncinya adalah konsistensi. “Kita tidak bisa tanam hari ini dan panen esok hari. Tapi, ini investasi ke tahun-tahun mendatang, asalkan kita konsisten melakukannya,” tandasnya.&lt;br /&gt;
Pendekatan pada para blogger tidak lepas dari salah satu strategi Guiness dalam mendekati pasar anak muda yang belakangan ini tampaknya getol digarap. “Strategi ini kita pakai mengingat anak-anak muda sekarang ini sangat kritis. Mereka tidak mudah percaya. Mereka lebih percaya kalau sudah mengalami sendiri. Lalu menularkan informasi ke teman-temannya. Konvensional marketing dengan menggunakan jargon-jargon sudah usang di sini,” katanya. &lt;br /&gt;
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Sementara itu, pengamat komunikasi Silih Agung Wasesa, melihat tren menggandeng komunitas blogger ini sebagai upaya positif. Baginya, blogger selain sebagai konsumen juga sekaligus sebagai media. “Mereka mempunyai suara sendiri atas apa yang mereka alami dan rasakan. Mereka bisa menjadi titik-titik efektif dalam penyebaran informasi,” katanya. Silih juga melihat dengan basis web 2.o ini, konsumen lebih punya bargaining power. Soal keluhan, bagi Silih, tidak usah dianggap sebagai ancaman bagi perusahaan. “Perusahaan harus berani dan gesit merangkul mereka dan berupaya menyamakan persepsi antara perusahaan dan para blogger. Salah satu kiat untuk menggandeng mereka adalah mengadakan kegiatan yang memadukan antara kegiatan online dan offline, seperti kopi darat. Ini menjadi momen yang sangat bagus,” katanya.&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/09/xl-berinvestasi-dalam-komunitas-blogger.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-6590402862404406765</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 06:55:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-09-17T23:55:43.218-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Kamus Pemasaran</category><title>Start With Z</title><description>&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;Zag&lt;br /&gt;
Penciptaan keunggulan kompetitif sebuah brand (mereka yang bukan hanya  mengikuti tren pasar), dimana mampu menjadi sebuah brand karismatik.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/09/start-with-z.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-5737307788999535925</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 06:54:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-09-17T23:54:09.011-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Kamus Pemasaran</category><title>Start With W</title><description>&lt;strong&gt;Word of Mouth&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Suatu bentuk komunikasi mulut ke mulut yang dilakukan oleh konsumen  secara sukarela dan otomatis untuk mempromosikan sebuah produk atau  brand kepada relasi atau temannya karena suatu alasan tertentu,  misalnya: kepuasan dalam memakai produk.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Why-to-Buy Message&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Alasan yang paling jitu untuk mendorong pembelian sebuah produk.  Biasa dinyatakan juga dalam &lt;em&gt;Tagline&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Wordmark&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Nama dari sebuah brand yang direpresentasikan secara visual dengan  gaya desain huruf tertentu.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/09/start-with-w.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-6159186461506521282</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 06:53:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-09-17T23:53:10.037-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Kamus Pemasaran</category><title>Start With V</title><description>Validation&lt;br /&gt;
Penerimaan atau umpan balik konsumen terhadap pesan, konsep, atau  prototype sebuah brand.&lt;br /&gt;
VALS&lt;br /&gt;
Value and Lifestyle, sebuah metode untuk menganalisa segmen pasar  berdasarkan nilai-nilai dan gaya hidup. Pendekatan ini merupakan ide  dari Stanford Research Institute International.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/09/start-with-v.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-1543630567806518245</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 06:52:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-09-17T23:52:45.012-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Kamus Pemasaran</category><title>Start With U</title><description>Umbrella Brand&lt;br /&gt;
Brand yang menaungi brand lainnya.&lt;br /&gt;
USP (Unique Selling Proposition)&lt;br /&gt;
Ciri khas atau keunggulan produk dan jasa yang menjadi nilai jual di  tengah-tengah kompetisi. Konsep ini dilahirkan oleh Rosser Reeves, salah  seorang pakar periklanan pada tahun 1950-an.&lt;br /&gt;
User Segmentation&lt;br /&gt;
Pembagian pelanggan potensial ke dalam segmen-segmen berdasarkan  bagaimana dan untuk tujuan apa mereka menggunakan sebuah produk.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/09/start-with-u.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink="false">tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5743369151703348694.post-863896214407974192</guid><pubDate>Sat, 18 Sep 2010 06:52:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-09-17T23:52:19.839-07:00</atom:updated><category domain="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#">Kamus Pemasaran</category><title>Start With T</title><description>Tagline&lt;br /&gt;
Kalimat atau kata-kata yang digunakan untuk menyatakan posisi sebuah  brand di pasar. Slogan yang bisa menyampaikan atribut atau keunggulan  produk yang paling penting secara visual yang ingin disampaikan oleh  pengiklan. Biasanya tagline ini juga menjadi tema keseluruhan dari  kampanye periklanan yang dilakukan.&lt;br /&gt;
Tactics&lt;br /&gt;
Perwujudan dari strategi.</description><link>http://freespotmarketing.blogspot.com/2010/09/start-with-t.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Freestyle Blogger)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item></channel></rss>