<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:blogger='http://schemas.google.com/blogger/2008' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd="http://schemas.google.com/g/2005" xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8899246971706870940</id><updated>2024-12-18T19:13:53.120-08:00</updated><category term="IT"/><category term="Software"/><title type='text'>ZONA KUDET</title><subtitle type='html'>Zona Kudet - Zona Kudet - Kudet</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17120510652940028542</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>4</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8899246971706870940.post-3421120039397507825</id><published>2016-02-22T22:41:00.002-08:00</published><updated>2016-02-23T01:08:34.368-08:00</updated><title type='text'>PANDUAN GIVEAWAY </title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWAcEOpINFtLlahORH1O_mvdy1D5FeKfR5QPcvEVOcu9Xjxt8T5i6ZmDsr1AFeg1DJDda3TgEEj7MkbOGbLbAG9x4AabJDtI0E7JekYT9j641aAKJ4vkhDCVU_1zlcu29TQLLFl7DzNbU3/s1600/5.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWAcEOpINFtLlahORH1O_mvdy1D5FeKfR5QPcvEVOcu9Xjxt8T5i6ZmDsr1AFeg1DJDda3TgEEj7MkbOGbLbAG9x4AabJDtI0E7JekYT9j641aAKJ4vkhDCVU_1zlcu29TQLLFl7DzNbU3/s320/5.PNG&quot; width=&quot;216&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
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&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red;&quot;&gt;PERHATIAN!! KARENA BANYAK YG SUDAH DAFTAR TP TIDAK TERCATAT DI REFERRAL SAYA MAKA SAYA INGATKAN, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;PASTIKAN MEMASUKKAN KODE &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;DHDIQ &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-size: large;&quot;&gt;DI KOLOM REFERRAL / PROMO CODE KETIKA REGISTRASI! BUKAN SETELAH SELESAI REGISTRASI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bagi yang mau ikut giveaway ane di fb (&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/groups/indonesia.dota2/1127681223963823/?notif_t=like&quot;&gt;https://www.facebook.com/groups/indonesia.dota2/1127681223963823/?notif_t=like&lt;/a&gt;) yg rewardnya Arms of Desolation (immo SF) dan immo Meepo (diundi tgl 24 jam 10 malam) silahkan daftar dulu di ESportsplus, ikuti langkah2 dibawah ini: (yang sudah punya tetep harus buat baru ya :D )&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Buka &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.esportsplus.me/&quot;&gt;http://www.esportsplus.me&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Klik Join Now&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbSt2tTWt9eHCMcOa0Ws56re5XkKME7DiJdgiGAvNpcQe6TT9zpkaehlECPmhxfqSZN_nidLdw4Al9R6T_w59jjY7O8ZXP9uzBKJaRxaTRMBJNbPDKhlTqiHORpDXYZ4RaWSqSYKRo2RSr/s1600/1.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;193&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbSt2tTWt9eHCMcOa0Ws56re5XkKME7DiJdgiGAvNpcQe6TT9zpkaehlECPmhxfqSZN_nidLdw4Al9R6T_w59jjY7O8ZXP9uzBKJaRxaTRMBJNbPDKhlTqiHORpDXYZ4RaWSqSYKRo2RSr/s400/1.PNG&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Masukkan email(tidak harus valid), &lt;b&gt;username&lt;/b&gt;, dan password, lalu klik &lt;b&gt;Signup&lt;/b&gt;, atau bisa juga dengan memilih login via facebook. &lt;b&gt;USERNAME&lt;/b&gt; &amp;nbsp;di sini yang nanti agan post di kolom komen postingan ane, atau yang daftar lewat fb akan otomatis menggunakan nama FB nya.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiZeRXQn3c9NaRHXah_XKSVuES0gvxX5d68vl9Vcok5XUVd7w3gPqg5DPiazOrc7XIKztlxSwocbDW_ZICD_OpriGvYX1tkASiu__na4x3vRQimLUEICTe0QD3MTGXig-DkVgFKe_U_Ujc/s1600/2.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;208&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiZeRXQn3c9NaRHXah_XKSVuES0gvxX5d68vl9Vcok5XUVd7w3gPqg5DPiazOrc7XIKztlxSwocbDW_ZICD_OpriGvYX1tkASiu__na4x3vRQimLUEICTe0QD3MTGXig-DkVgFKe_U_Ujc/s400/2.PNG&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Selanjutnya pilih negara Indonesia dan masukkan nomor telepon agan &lt;b&gt;YANG MASIH AKTIF&lt;/b&gt; karena akan digunakan untuk verifikasi. Lalu yang terpenting di kolom Referral/Promo Code &lt;b&gt;HARUS DIISI &amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;dengan &lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: red; font-size: x-large;&quot;&gt;DHDIQ&lt;/span&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;lalu klik Next&lt;b&gt;. &lt;/b&gt;&lt;u&gt;Kalo agan gk mengisi atau kodenya salah saya tidak akan tahu kalo agan sudah mendaftar, dan otomatis agan gk ikut berpartisipasi di giveaway ini.&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3vUgM2ZKUTWYq-YB2uWPmqnMqCKAQ_LS1bDF1XzXdx6k5_ThJsp2-bwnY6yKvCwVvdi-LQuocwc5euCkdOapQR2VVrYmfqcmYivLMcdB12sKGVuBbprrFyD-RDb6faCRvzNQ0laG0nFRr/s1600/3.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;203&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3vUgM2ZKUTWYq-YB2uWPmqnMqCKAQ_LS1bDF1XzXdx6k5_ThJsp2-bwnY6yKvCwVvdi-LQuocwc5euCkdOapQR2VVrYmfqcmYivLMcdB12sKGVuBbprrFyD-RDb6faCRvzNQ0laG0nFRr/s400/3.PNG&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
Tunggu sms yg berisi kode dari Esportsplus, jika sudah menerima sms masukkan kode yang agan dapat dikolom Code lalu klik &lt;b&gt;Complete Signup&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2xQ71VOFUzNTvqQFPvLftkAEpbhTmpSaOYLRiIvUZ1u_odFBJxK2Wwu5M9dsQWhuwEQ5qezSfky1dZko1J6lXKgkAkVRCCaej0anj6fl33PSWbbi8VKPYgUzhMUqTPPU5kEy-PB_yxjsC/s1600/4.PNG&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;206&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2xQ71VOFUzNTvqQFPvLftkAEpbhTmpSaOYLRiIvUZ1u_odFBJxK2Wwu5M9dsQWhuwEQ5qezSfky1dZko1J6lXKgkAkVRCCaej0anj6fl33PSWbbi8VKPYgUzhMUqTPPU5kEy-PB_yxjsC/s400/4.PNG&quot; width=&quot;400&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Done, silahkan berkomentar di postingan saya di fb dengan menuliskan &lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large;&quot;&gt;angka 1-200&amp;nbsp;+ Username Esportsplus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt; yg baru saja anda daftarkan. link postingan: &amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.facebook.com/groups/indonesia.dota2/1127681223963823/?notif_t=like&quot;&gt;https://www.facebook.com/groups/indonesia.dota2/1127681223963823/?notif_t=like&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;NB:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Pemenang akan diundi via &lt;a href=&quot;http://random.org/&quot;&gt;random.org&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;pada tanggal 24 feb jam 10 malam&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Untuk setiap undian, Jika ada lebih dari 1 pemenang maka akan dilanjutkan pengundian tahap 2 berdasarkan urutan komentar&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;1 akun esportplus yg didaftarkan = 1 nomor undian, 2 akun esportplus yg didaftarkan = 2 nomor undian, dst.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Tidak ada reroll kecuali memang tidak ada nomor yang sesuai, atau pemenang tidak memenuhi syarat atau tidak konfirmasi setelah 24 jam dr waktu pengundian&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;saya tahu mana yang benar- benar mendaftar dan mana yg cuma ngaku2, krn di profil saya akan tampil siapa saja yg daftar dengan kode referral saya&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;keputusan saya tidak bisa diganggu gugat pacman emoticon&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;Bagi yang belum jelas bisa ditanyakan di sini atau di fb&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;http://steamcommunity.com/id/lagosteta/&quot;&gt;http://steamcommunity.com/id/lagosteta/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/feeds/3421120039397507825/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2016/02/panduan-giveaway.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/3421120039397507825'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/3421120039397507825'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2016/02/panduan-giveaway.html' title='PANDUAN GIVEAWAY '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17120510652940028542</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWAcEOpINFtLlahORH1O_mvdy1D5FeKfR5QPcvEVOcu9Xjxt8T5i6ZmDsr1AFeg1DJDda3TgEEj7MkbOGbLbAG9x4AabJDtI0E7JekYT9j641aAKJ4vkhDCVU_1zlcu29TQLLFl7DzNbU3/s72-c/5.PNG" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8899246971706870940.post-6739838370976553243</id><published>2013-10-28T19:56:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-10-28T20:37:21.623-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="IT"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Software"/><title type='text'>Pengertan Harddisk, Bagian-Bagian, dan Cara Kerjanya </title><content type='html'>&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-PJX6hEN0Mfxx-rIT0XQ2FMxEm0YS1jqGOQ08keVXzSSY7wlhN3BEcbPLYX1fXPz9a0bP0XjW4TAEUiOVrQjgdrr7Re9lG3glsbS54yua2VAmgp0afrLVeqPEQXIPmuBYHuFlVHB_3vR3/s1600/z_ibm_ultrastar36zx.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;320&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-PJX6hEN0Mfxx-rIT0XQ2FMxEm0YS1jqGOQ08keVXzSSY7wlhN3BEcbPLYX1fXPz9a0bP0XjW4TAEUiOVrQjgdrr7Re9lG3glsbS54yua2VAmgp0afrLVeqPEQXIPmuBYHuFlVHB_3vR3/s320/z_ibm_ultrastar36zx.jpg&quot; width=&quot;291&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
Selamat pagi sobat blogger semua, kali ini &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Zona Kudet&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; akan menjelaskan tentang &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/pengertan-harddisk-bagian-bagian-dan.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;Pengertan Harddisk, Bagian-Bagian, dan Cara Kerjanya&lt;/a&gt;, langsung saja cekidot~&lt;b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Pengertian Hard Disk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
Hard Disk adalah suatu storage device atau sebuah komponen pada komputer yang 
berfungsi sebagai media penyimpanan data (storage) dan juga termasuk 
dalam memory eksternal dari sebuah komputer. Hard disk merupakan media penyimpanan data permanen, jadi data tidak hilang
 meskipun listrik sudah dimatikan. Hard disk berisi cakram magnetik yang
 mampu menyimpan data. Hard disk ditemukan pertama kali oleh Reynold 
Johnson di tahun 1956. Hard disk pertama berukuran 4.4 MB.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Satuan data hard disk dinyatakan dalam Byte (B) dan satuan transfer data
 hard disk dinyatakan dalam bit (b). Sekarang ukuran hard disk sudah 
mencapai 500GB bahkan 1000 GB (1 Terra Byte).
Beberapa pabrik pembuat hard disk yang terkenal yaitu Seagate, Maxtor, West Digital, Quantum, Samsung.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Komponen/Bagian-Bagian Hard Disk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;1. Spindle &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hard disk terdiri dari spindle yang menjadi pusat putaran dari 
keping-keping cakram magnetik penyimpan data. Spindle ini berputar 
dengan cepat, oleh karena itu harus menggunakan high quality bearing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dahulu hard disk menggunakan ball bearing namun kini hard disk sudah 
menggunakan fluid bearing. Dengan fluid bearing maka gaya friksi dan 
tingkat kebisingan dapat diminimalisir. Spindle ini yang menentukan 
putaran hard disk. Semakin cepat putaran rpm hard disk maka semakin 
cepat transfer datanya.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;2. Cakram Magnetik (Magnetic Disk) &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Pada cakram magnetik inilah dilakukan penyimpanan data pada hard disk. 
Cakram magnetik berbentuk plat tipis dengan bentuk seperti CD-R. Dalam 
hard disk terdapat beberapa cakram magnetik. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hard disk yang pertama kali dibuat, terdiri dari 50 piringan cakram 
magnetik dengan ukuran 0.6 meter dan berputar dengan kecepatan 1.200 
rpm. Saat ini kecepatan putaran hard disk sudah mencapai 10.000rpm 
dengan transfer data mencapai 3.0 Gbps.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;3. Read-write Head &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read-write Head adalah pengambil data dari cakram magnetik. Head ini 
melayang dengan jarak yang tipis dengan cakram magnetik. Dahulu head 
bersentuhan langsung dengan cakram magnetik sehingga mengakibatkan 
keausan pada permukaan karena gesekan. Kini antara head dan cakram 
magnetik sudah diberi jarak sehingga umur hard disk lebih lama.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Read-write head terbuat bahan yang terus mengalami perkembangan, mulai 
dari Ferrite head, MIG (Metal-In-Gap) head, TF (Thin Film) Head, 
(Anisotropic) Magnetoresistive (MR/AMR) Heads, GMR (Giant 
Magnetoresistive) Heads dan sekarang yang digunakan adalah CMR (Colossal
 Magnetoresistive) Heads.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;4. Enclosure &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Enclosure adalah lapisan luar pembungkus hard disk. Enclosure berfungsi 
melindungi semua bagian dalam hard disk agar tidak terkena debu, 
kelembaban dan hal lain yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan data.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dalam enclosure terdapat breath filter yang membuat hard disk tidak 
kedap udara, hal ini bertujuan untuk membuang panas yang ada didalam 
hard disk karena proses putaran spindle dan pembacaan Read-write head.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;b&gt;5. Interfacing Module &lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interfacing modul berupa seperangkat rangkaian elektronik yang 
mengendalikan kerja bagian dalam hard disk, memproses data dari head dan
 menghasilkan data yang siap dibaca oleh proses selanjutnya. Interfacing
 modul yang dahulu banyak dipakai adalah sistem IDE (Integrated Drive 
Electronics) dengan sistem ATA yang mempunyai koneksi 40 pin. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Teknologi terbaru dari interfacing module adalah teknologi Serial ATA 
(SATA). Dengan SATA maka satu hard disk ditangani oleh satu bus 
tersendiri didalam chipset, sehingga penanganannya menjadi lebih cepat 
dan efisien. hard disk SATA sekarang perlahan sudah menggantikan hard 
disk ATA yang makin lama mulai hilang dari pasaran.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw7gJtHvP-c80JTri-CM3fNwoyakh2eckW0xyoGxHtmGazmtMoa3ta1Uha9Geu3y7XUGKQNhhFz0qhHlHDcy4t29cPQnBU0lbV2D9rk-86vsezRarHBbR9_rHnQ94QKLqswXWW7s29YEoF/s1600/harddisk-Sata-640x546.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;273&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw7gJtHvP-c80JTri-CM3fNwoyakh2eckW0xyoGxHtmGazmtMoa3ta1Uha9Geu3y7XUGKQNhhFz0qhHlHDcy4t29cPQnBU0lbV2D9rk-86vsezRarHBbR9_rHnQ94QKLqswXWW7s29YEoF/s320/harddisk-Sata-640x546.jpg&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;h3&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Cara Kerja Hard Disk&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
Spindle memiliki sebuah penggerak yang disebut spindle motor, yang 
berfungsi untuk memutar pelat hard disk dalam kecepatan tinggi. 
Perputaran ini diukur dalam satuan rotation per minute (RPM). Makin 
cepat putaran tiap menitnya, makin bagus kualitas hard disk tersebut. 
Ukuran yang lazim kita dengar adalah 5400, 7200, atau 10.000RPM.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sebuah peranti baca-tulis elektromagnetik yang disebut dengan heads 
ditempatkan pada kedua permukaan pelat. Heads berukuran kecil ini 
ditempatkan pada sebuah slider, sehingga heads bisa membaca 
data/informasi yang tersimpan pada pelat dan merekam informasi ke dalam 
pelat tersebut.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Slider ini dihubungkan dengan sebuah lengan yang disebut actuator arms. 
Actuator arms ini sendiri dipasang mati pada poros actuator, di mana 
seluruh mekanisme gerakan dari actuator ini dikendalikan oleh sebuah 
papan pengendali (logic board) yang mengomunikasikan setiap pertukaran 
informasi dengan komponen komputer yang lainnya. Antara actuator dengan 
karena keduanya dihubungkan dengan sebuah kabel pita tipis. Kabel inilah
 yang menjadi jalan instruksi dari dan ke dalam pelat hard disk.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Jumlah pelat masing-masing hard disk berbeda-beda, tergantung dari 
ukuran/daya tampung masing-masing pelat dan ukuran hard disk secara 
keseluruhan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sebuah pelat hard disk pada umumnya memiliki daya tampung antara 10 atau
 20gigabyte (GB). Sebuah hard disk yang berkapasitas total 40GB berarti 
memiliki 2 pelat, sedangkan bila berukuran 30GB, ia memiliki dua buah 
pelat berukuran 10 dan 20GB atau tiga buah pelat berukuran 10GB. 
Masing-masing pelat hard disk mampu menangani/menampung puluhan juta bit
 data. Data-data ini dikelompokkan ke dalam kelompok-kelompok yang lebih
 besar, sehingga memungkinkan pengaksesan informasi yang lebih cepat dan
 mudah.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Masing-masing pelat memiliki dua buah head, satu berada di atas 
permukaan pelat, satunya lagi ada di bawah head. Dari sini ketahuan 
bahwa hard disk yang memiliki tiga buah pelat misalnya (rata-rata sebuah
 hard disk memang terdiri atas tiga pelat) memiliki total enam permukaan
 dan enam head. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Masing-masing pelat memiliki kemampuan merekam dan menyimpan informasi 
dalam suatu lingkaran konsentris yang disebut track (bayangkan track ini
 seperti lintasan dalam suatu arena perlombaan atletik). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Masing-masing track terbagi lagi dalam bagian-bagian yang lebih kecil 
yang disebut sektor (sector). Nah, setiap sektor dalam tracktrack hard 
disk ini mampu menampung informasi sebesar 512 bytes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sektor-sektor dalam sebuah hard disk ini tidak dikelompokkan secara 
mandiri tetapi dikelompokkan lagi dalam sebuah gugusan yang lebih besar 
yang disebut cluster. Fungsi peng-cluster-an ini adalah 
untuk membuat mekanisme penulisan dan penyimpanan data menjadi lebih 
sederhana, lebih efisien, tidak berisiko salah, dan dengan demikian 
memperpanjang umur hard disk. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Source : &lt;a href=&quot;http://arief-teknisi.blogspot.com/2013/04/pengertian-dan-fungsi-hard-disk.html&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;http://arief-teknisi.blogspot.com/2013/04/pengertian-dan-fungsi-hard-disk.html&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; </content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/feeds/6739838370976553243/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/pengertan-harddisk-bagian-bagian-dan.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/6739838370976553243'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/6739838370976553243'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/pengertan-harddisk-bagian-bagian-dan.html' title='Pengertan Harddisk, Bagian-Bagian, dan Cara Kerjanya '/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17120510652940028542</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-PJX6hEN0Mfxx-rIT0XQ2FMxEm0YS1jqGOQ08keVXzSSY7wlhN3BEcbPLYX1fXPz9a0bP0XjW4TAEUiOVrQjgdrr7Re9lG3glsbS54yua2VAmgp0afrLVeqPEQXIPmuBYHuFlVHB_3vR3/s72-c/z_ibm_ultrastar36zx.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8899246971706870940.post-7250295438104803211</id><published>2013-10-14T06:26:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2013-10-14T06:26:14.613-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="IT"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Software"/><title type='text'>PERBEDAAN SISTEM OPERASI DAN SOFTWARE APLIKASI</title><content type='html'>&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Selamat malam sobat blogger semuanya, kali ini &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;Zona
Kudet&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; akan menjelaskan perbedaan antara &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/perbedaan-sistem-operasi-dan-software.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;SISTEM OPERASI dan SOFTWARE
APLIKASI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara SISTEM OPERASI dan
SOFTWARE APLIKASI silahkan baca artikel berikut ini.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlIiSeJDL17ZG4nXnAlYMrlnev_pY6z-nlMYa5PKoVGlNpvS2dmshGdspFLO7PfYVxCq-w2lmGXn2GqsTwbHCZLl2E0rCZJUveaoV7wnLsZaIziJv_-OjZfspuSbphAo2vosd-k1tF2Abn/s1600/OS_thumb.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;perbedaan sistem operasi dan software aplikasi&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlIiSeJDL17ZG4nXnAlYMrlnev_pY6z-nlMYa5PKoVGlNpvS2dmshGdspFLO7PfYVxCq-w2lmGXn2GqsTwbHCZLl2E0rCZJUveaoV7wnLsZaIziJv_-OjZfspuSbphAo2vosd-k1tF2Abn/s1600/OS_thumb.jpg&quot; title=&quot;perbedaan sistem operasi dan software aplikasi&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-no-proof: yes; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;mso-ignore: vglayout;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;SISTEM OPERASI &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Sistem operasi merupakan program utama yang
langsung berinteraksi dengan bahasa yang di kenal oleh mesin komputer (bahasa
mesin).&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;Sistem Operasi &lt;/b&gt;komputer&lt;b&gt; &lt;/b&gt;merupakan software pada
lapisan pertama yang diletakkan pada memori komputer, (memori komputer dalam
hal ini adalah Hardisk, bukan memory ram) pada saat&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;komputer &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;dinyalakan. Sedangkan software-software lainnya dijalankan
setelah Sistem Operasi Komputer berjalan, dan Sistem Operasi akan melakukan
layanan inti umum untuk software-software itu. Layanan inti umum tersebut
seperti akses ke disk, manajemen memori, scheduling task, dan user interface.
Sehingga masing-masing software tidak perlu lagi melakukan tugas-tugas inti
umum tersebut, karena dapat dilayani dan dilakukan oleh Sistem Operasi. Bagian
kode yang melakukan tugas-tugas inti dan umum tersebut dinamakan dengan kernel
suatu Sistem Operasi.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Sistem Operasi berfungsi sebagai penghubung
antara lapisan hardware dan lapisan software. selain itu, Sistem Operasi
komputer juga melakukan semua perintah perintah penting dalam komputer, serta
menjamin aplikasi-aplikasi yang berbeda fungsinya dapat berjalan lancar secara
bersamaan tanpa hambatan.&amp;nbsp;Sistem Operasi Komputer&amp;nbsp;menjamin aplikasi
perangkat lunak lainnya bisa memakai memori, melakukan input serta output
terhadap peralatan lain, dan mempunya akses kepada sistem file. Jika beberapa
aplikasi berjalan secara bersamaan, maka&amp;nbsp;&lt;b&gt;Sistem Operasi Kompute&lt;/b&gt;r
akan mengatur jadwal yang tepat, sehingga sebisa mungkin semua proses pada
komputer yang berjalan mendapatkan waktu yang cukup untuk menggunakan CPU dan
tidak saling mengganggu dengan perangkat yang lain.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Contoh Sistem&amp;nbsp; Operasi:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Produk Microsoft : Windows 3.1, Windows 95,
Windows 98, Windows 2000, WIndows Me,&amp;nbsp; Windows XP, Windows Vista, WIndows
NT (untuk jaringan).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Produk Novel : Linux, Redhat, OpenSuse,
Ubuntu, Mandrake, Mandriva,dll&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Produk Apple : MacintosProduk IBM : DOS,
UNIX&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;ul type=&quot;disc&quot;&gt;
&lt;li class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;SOFTWARE APLIKASI&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Perangkat lunak (software) aplikasi adalah
suatu subkelas&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;perangkat
lunak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;a href=&quot;http://polsri.ac.id/&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;&quot;&gt;komputer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang memanfaatkan kemampuan
komputer langsung untuk melakukan suatu tugas yang diinginkan&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;pengguna&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;. Biasanya dibandingkan dengan&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;perangkat lunak sistem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang mengintegrasikan berbagai kemampuan
komputer, tapi tidak secara langsung menerapkan kemampuan tersebut untuk
mengerjakan suatu tugas yang menguntungkan pengguna. Contoh utama perangkat
lunak aplikasi adalah&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;pengolah
kata&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;lembar kerja&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;, dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;pemutar
media&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;.Beberapa aplikasi yang
digabung bersama menjadi suatu paket kadang disebut sebagai suatu paket atau
suite aplikasi (&lt;i&gt;application suite&lt;/i&gt;). Contohnya adalah&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Microsoft Office&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;dan&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;OpenOffice.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;, yang menggabungkan suatu aplikasi pengolah
kata, lembar kerja, serta beberapa aplikasi lainnya. Aplikasi-aplikasi dalam
suatu paket biasanya memiliki&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: black; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;antarmuka pengguna&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;yang
memiliki kesamaan sehingga memudahkan pengguna untuk mempelajari dan
menggunakan tiap aplikasi. Sering kali, mereka memiliki kemampuan untuk saling
berinteraksi satu sama lain sehingga menguntungkan pengguna. Contohnya, suatu
lembar kerja dapat dibenamkan dalam suatu dokumen pengolah kata walaupun dibuat
pada aplikasi lembar kerja yang terpisah.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;
Contoh Program Alpikasi ialah Microsoft Office untuk pengolahan kata,Winamp
untuk mendengarkan musik, Avira sebagai antivirus, dll.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;Sumber : &lt;a href=&quot;http://alfarizzi08.blogspot.com/2013/03/perbedaan-sistem-operasi-dan-program.html&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;http://alfarizzi08.blogspot.com/2013/03/perbedaan-sistem-operasi-dan-program.html&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color: #222222;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot;&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;
  &lt;o:AllowPNG/&gt;
 &lt;/o:OfficeDocumentSettings&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
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  &lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
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  &lt;w:TrackFormatting/&gt;
  &lt;w:PunctuationKerning/&gt;
  &lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/&gt;
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  &lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;AR-SA&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
  &lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
   &lt;w:BreakWrappedTables/&gt;
   &lt;w:SnapToGridInCell/&gt;
   &lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct/&gt;
   &lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules/&gt;
   &lt;w:DontGrowAutofit/&gt;
   &lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/&gt;
   &lt;w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/&gt;
   &lt;w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/&gt;
   &lt;w:OverrideTableStyleHps/&gt;
   &lt;w:UseFELayout/&gt;
  &lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
  &lt;m:mathPr&gt;
   &lt;m:mathFont m:val=&quot;Cambria Math&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:brkBin m:val=&quot;before&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:brkBinSub m:val=&quot;&amp;#45;-&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:smallFrac m:val=&quot;off&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:dispDef/&gt;
   &lt;m:lMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:rMargin m:val=&quot;0&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:defJc m:val=&quot;centerGroup&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:wrapIndent m:val=&quot;1440&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:intLim m:val=&quot;subSup&quot;/&gt;
   &lt;m:naryLim m:val=&quot;undOvr&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
 &lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState=&quot;false&quot; DefUnhideWhenUsed=&quot;false&quot;
  DefSemiHidden=&quot;false&quot; DefQFormat=&quot;false&quot; DefPriority=&quot;99&quot;
  LatentStyleCount=&quot;371&quot;&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;0&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Normal&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;9&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 8&quot;/&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;heading 9&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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   Name=&quot;index 2&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;index 3&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;index 4&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;index 5&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;index 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;index 7&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;index 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;index 9&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot;
   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;toc 9&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal Indent&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;footnote text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;header&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;footer&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;index heading&quot;/&gt;
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   UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;caption&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;table of figures&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;envelope address&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;envelope return&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;endnote text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;table of authorities&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;macro&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;toa heading&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List Bullet&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List Number&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List 4&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Bullet 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Number 2&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List Number 5&quot;/&gt;
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  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue 2&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List Continue 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Continue 4&quot;/&gt;
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   Name=&quot;List Continue 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Message Header&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;11&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Subtitle&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Salutation&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Date&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text First Indent&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text First Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Note Heading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Body Text Indent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Block Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Hyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;FollowedHyperlink&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;22&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Strong&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;20&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Emphasis&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Document Map&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Plain Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;E-mail Signature&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Top of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Bottom of Form&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal (Web)&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Acronym&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Address&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Cite&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Code&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Definition&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Keyboard&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Preformatted&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Sample&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Typewriter&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;HTML Variable&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Normal Table&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;annotation subject&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;No List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Outline List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Simple 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Classic 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Colorful 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Columns 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Grid 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 7&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table List 8&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table 3D effects 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Contemporary&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Elegant&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Professional&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Subtle 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Web 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Balloon Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;39&quot; Name=&quot;Table Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; UnhideWhenUsed=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Table Theme&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Placeholder Text&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;1&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;No Spacing&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; SemiHidden=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Revision&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;34&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;List Paragraph&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;29&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot; Name=&quot;Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;30&quot; QFormat=&quot;true&quot;
   Name=&quot;Intense Quote&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 1&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 2&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 3&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 4&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;70&quot; Name=&quot;Dark List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;71&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Shading Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;72&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful List Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;73&quot; Name=&quot;Colorful Grid Accent 5&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;60&quot; Name=&quot;Light Shading Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;61&quot; Name=&quot;Light List Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;62&quot; Name=&quot;Light Grid Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;63&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;64&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Shading 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;65&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;66&quot; Name=&quot;Medium List 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;67&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 1 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;68&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 2 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
  &lt;w:LsdException Locked=&quot;false&quot; Priority=&quot;69&quot; Name=&quot;Medium Grid 3 Accent 6&quot;/&gt;
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&lt;![endif]--&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/feeds/7250295438104803211/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/perbedaan-sistem-operasi-dan-software.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/7250295438104803211'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/7250295438104803211'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/perbedaan-sistem-operasi-dan-software.html' title='PERBEDAAN SISTEM OPERASI DAN SOFTWARE APLIKASI'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17120510652940028542</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlIiSeJDL17ZG4nXnAlYMrlnev_pY6z-nlMYa5PKoVGlNpvS2dmshGdspFLO7PfYVxCq-w2lmGXn2GqsTwbHCZLl2E0rCZJUveaoV7wnLsZaIziJv_-OjZfspuSbphAo2vosd-k1tF2Abn/s72-c/OS_thumb.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8899246971706870940.post-2432447455471698777</id><published>2013-10-13T18:53:00.002-07:00</published><updated>2013-10-14T02:57:44.640-07:00</updated><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="IT"/><category scheme="http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#" term="Software"/><title type='text'>SEJARAH SOFTWARE DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA</title><content type='html'>&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Selamat malam
sobat blogger sekalian, ini adalah postingan pertama saya di &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;blog ini&lt;/a&gt; dan
postingan ini juga sebagai pertanda kalau Blog &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;ZONA KUDET&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt; resmi dibuka.
Dalam postingan kali ini saya akan menjelaskan tentang &lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/sejarah-software-dan-perkembangannya_13.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;SEJARAH SOFTWARE DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/a&gt;. Saya memposting artikel ini karena ini adalah tugas dari
dosen DASAR TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI di kampus saya. Mungkin itu sedikit pembukaan
dari saya dan kita langsung saja ke pembahasan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/sejarah-software-dan-perkembangannya_13.html&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;SEJARAH SOFTWARE&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Software&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt; (Perangkat Lunak) Komputer adalah kumpulan
instruksi atau statement yang disusun secara logis dan berbentuk kode yang
hanya dapat dimengerti oleh komputer. &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; Komputer ini berangsur-angsur
mengalami peningkatan dan perubahan dari tahun ke tahun dalam perkembangannya. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bentuk terkecil dari perangkat lunak adalah
operasi aritmatik (+, -, :, x) dan logika (AND,&amp;nbsp; R, &amp;gt;, &amp;lt;, =). Dari
operasi dasar inilah di susun program / &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; (perangkat lunak).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.blogger.com/null&quot; name=&quot;more&quot;&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Tingkat
pemrosesan yang di kerjakan perangkat lunak pun dari &lt;i&gt;machine-like&lt;/i&gt;, mulai
berubah menjadi &lt;i&gt;human-like&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;. Data yang di proses pun telah banyak
berubah, yang semula hanya berupa data bilangan dan karakter merambah ke audio
visual (bunyi, suara, gambar, film). Sejauh perkembangan hingga saat ini,
seluruh proses menggunakan format data digital dengan satuan bit (binary
digit).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bentuk paling
primitif dari Software menggunakan aljabar &lt;i&gt;Boolean&lt;/i&gt;, yang direpresentasikan
sebagai binary digit (bit), yaitu 1 (benar / on) atau 0 (salah / off), cara ini
sudah pasti sangat menyulitkan, sehingga orang mulai mengelompokkan bit
tersebut menjadi nible (4 bit), byte (8 bit), word (2 byte) dan double word (32
bit). Kelompok-kelompok bit ini disusun ke dalam struktur instruksi seperti
penyimpanan, transfer, operasi aritmatika, operasi logika, dan bentuk bit ini
diubah menjadi kode-kode yang dikenal sebagai &lt;i&gt;assembler&lt;/i&gt;. Kode-kode mesin
sendiri masih cukup menyulitkan karena tuntutan untuk dapat menghafal kode
tersebut dan format (aturan) penulisannya yang agak membingungkan, dari masalah
ini kemudian muncullah bahasa pemrograman tingkat tinggi yang sudah seperti
bahasa manusia (bahasa Inggris). Saat ini pembuatan &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; sudah
menjadi suatu proses produksi yang sangat kompleks, dengan urutan proses yang sangat
panjang dengan melibatkan puluhan bahkan ratusan orang dalam pembuatannya.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;separator&quot; style=&quot;clear: both; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicsjfuD8OwlO7pk4yI_zKNcUVyW4bTVNj5Exe3DOc8SJVZ6l1nKPKhKLYxo-pcmXriPEBpoIMJpgOlHOSCyNST5p4WGgcl4MMBOa6FGB_jW6AuPgJzciiuBnghQO3oqHxQ4n56XQ9mcFqS/s1600/sdlc2.jpg&quot; imageanchor=&quot;1&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;siklus perangkat lunak&quot; border=&quot;0&quot; height=&quot;302&quot; src=&quot;https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicsjfuD8OwlO7pk4yI_zKNcUVyW4bTVNj5Exe3DOc8SJVZ6l1nKPKhKLYxo-pcmXriPEBpoIMJpgOlHOSCyNST5p4WGgcl4MMBOa6FGB_jW6AuPgJzciiuBnghQO3oqHxQ4n56XQ9mcFqS/s320/sdlc2.jpg&quot; title=&quot;siklus perangkat lunak software development cycle&quot; width=&quot;320&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Gb 1 Siklus Perangkat Lunak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;EVOLUSI PERANGKAT LUNAK&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Era Pioner&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Bentuk perangkat
lunak pada awalnya adalah sambungan-sambungan kabel ke antar bagian dalam
komputer. Cara lain dalam mengakses komputer adalah menggunakan &lt;i&gt;punched card
&lt;/i&gt;yaitu kartu yang di lubangi. Penggunaan komputer saat itu masih dilakukan
secara langsung, sebuah program untuk sebuah mesin untuk tujuan tertentu. Pada
era ini, perangkat lunak merupakan satu kesatuan dengan perangkat kerasnya.
Penggunaan komputer dilakukan secara langsung dan hasil yang selesai di
kerjakan komputer berupa &lt;i&gt;print out&lt;/i&gt;. Proses yang di lakukan di dalam
komputer berupa baris instruksi yang secara berurutan di proses.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perkembangan &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; di Era pioner&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Proses batch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Distribusi terbatas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Pembuatan khusus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Era Stabil&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Pada era stabil
penggunaan komputer sudah banyak di gunakan, tidak hanya oleh kalangan peneliti
dan akademi saja, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;tetapi
juga oleh kalangan industri / perusahaan. Perusahaan perangkat lunak
bermunculan, dan sebuah perangkat lunak dapat menjalankan beberapa fungsi, dari
ini perangkat lunak mulai bergeser menjadi sebuah produk. Baris-baris perintah
perangkat lunak yang di jalankan oleh komputer bukan lagi satu-satu, tapi sudah
seperti banyak proses yang di lakukan secara serempak (&lt;i&gt;multi tasking&lt;/i&gt;).
Sebuah perangkat lunak mampu menyelesaikan banyak pengguna (&lt;i&gt;multi user&lt;/i&gt;)
secara cepat/langsung &lt;i&gt;(real time&lt;/i&gt;). Pada era ini mulai di kenal sistem
basis data, yang memisahkan antara program (pemroses) dengan data (yang di
proses).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perkembangan &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; di Era stabil:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Multi user&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Real - time&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Database&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Produk perangkat
lunak&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Era Mikro&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sejalan dengan
semakin luasnya PC dan jaringan komputer di era ini, perangkat lunak juga
berkembang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan perorangan. Perangkat lunak dapat di
bedakan menjadi perangkat lunak sistem yang bertugas menangani internal dan
perangkat lunak aplikasi yang digunakan secara langsung oleh penggunannya untuk
keperluan tertentu. Automatisasi yang ada didalam perangkat lunak mengarah ke
suatu jenis kecerdasan buatan.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perkembangan &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; di Era mikro:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Sistem tersebar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Penanaman Kecerdasan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Perangkat Lunak Murah&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Era Modern&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Saat ini perangkat
lunak sudah terdapat di mana-mana, tidak hanya pada sebuah superkomputer dengan
25 prosesornya, sebuah komputer genggampun telah di lengkapi dengan perangkat
lunak yang dapat di sinkronkan dengan PC. Tidak hanya komputer, bahkan peralatan
seperti telepon, TV, hingga ke mesin cuci, AC dan microwave, telah di tanamkan
perangkat lunak untuk mengatur operasi peralatan itu. Dan yang hebatnya lagi
adalah setiap peralatan itu akan mengarah pada suatu saat kelak akan dapat
saling terhubung. Pembuatan sebuah perangkat lunak bukan lagi pekerjaan
segelentir orang, tetapi telah menjadi pekerjaan banyak orang, dengan beberapa
tahapan proses yang melibatkan berbagai disiplin ilmu dalam perancangannya.
Tingkat kecerdasan yang di tunjukkan oleh perangkat lunak pun semakin
meningkat, selain permasalahan teknis, perangkat lunak sekarang mulai bisa
mengenal suara dan gambar.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Perkembangan &lt;i&gt;Software&lt;/i&gt; di Era Modern:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Sistem desktop&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Teknologi objek&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Sistem pakar&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Pemrosesan pararel&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;• Jaringan komputer&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;Sumber :&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://etutorialkomputer.blogspot.com/2011/02/sejarah-perkembangan-software-komputer.html&quot;&gt;http://etutorialkomputer.blogspot.com/2011/02/sejarah-perkembangan-software-komputer.html&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0in;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span lang=&quot;SV&quot; style=&quot;font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: small; line-height: 150%;&quot;&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://12650002-si.blogspot.com/2013/03/sejarah-software-komputer.html&quot;&gt;http://12650002-si.blogspot.com/2013/03/sejarah-software-komputer.html&lt;/a&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;center&quot; class=&quot;MsoNormal&quot; style=&quot;line-height: 150%; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: small;&quot;&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/feeds/2432447455471698777/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/sejarah-software-dan-perkembangannya_13.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/2432447455471698777'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/8899246971706870940/posts/default/2432447455471698777'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://zonakudet.blogspot.com/2013/10/sejarah-software-dan-perkembangannya_13.html' title='SEJARAH SOFTWARE DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA'/><author><name>Anonymous</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17120510652940028542</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='16' height='16' src='https://img1.blogblog.com/img/b16-rounded.gif'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/" url="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicsjfuD8OwlO7pk4yI_zKNcUVyW4bTVNj5Exe3DOc8SJVZ6l1nKPKhKLYxo-pcmXriPEBpoIMJpgOlHOSCyNST5p4WGgcl4MMBOa6FGB_jW6AuPgJzciiuBnghQO3oqHxQ4n56XQ9mcFqS/s72-c/sdlc2.jpg" height="72" width="72"/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry></feed>