Ancient-Egypt-History.com

Cleopatra VII

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 09:30:00 +0000

Partially restored marble portrait head of the Greek-style Cleopatra VII, provenance unknown but likely to be from Italy. The head was probably made to be inserted into a composite, full-length statue. Berlin Museum. Cleopatra Biography Full name: Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator Husbands: Ptolemy XIII, Ptolemy XIV Lovers: Julius Caesar, Mark Antony Father: Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes) Mother: Cleopatra V Tryphaena Sons: Ptolemy Caesar, Alexander Helios, Ptolemy Phlladelphus Daughter: Cleopatra Selene, Titles: Great Sceptre, Executive at the Head of the Two Lands,...

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Berenice IV

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 14:44:00 +0000

Broken granite statue of a late Ptolemaic queen dressed in ancient-Egyptian-style clothing and a heavy tripartite wig. The single uraeus (now broken away) suggests that this may not be Cleopatra VII but is perhaps one of her immediate predecessors. In 58 BC the ancient Romans annexed the former ancient Egyptian province of Cyprus, driving its ruler King Ptolemy, brother of Auletes, to commit suicide. A wave of panic swept ancient Egypt and, as the people of Alexandria once again took to the streets, Auletes fled to ancient Rome to appeal for military aid. Throughout this drama, the younger...

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Cleopatra V

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 14:22:00 +0000

Ptolemy XII was widely known to his people as Auletes, 'the flute player'. The new king knew that ancient Egypt could not hope to stand up to the military might of ancient Rome. Only by increasing his co-operation with the enemy did he have any hope of keeping his crown. And so 8,000 members of the ancient Egyptian cavalry fought alongside Roman troops in Palestine while, far away in ancient Rome, the senate coffers filled with ancient Egyptian gold. Auletes, now officially "an ally and friend of the Roman people", and more specifically a friend of Julius Caesar, had bought Egypt a few more...

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Berenice III

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 13:45:00 +0000

Berenice III shown on the rear wall of the Edfu temple. Unlike the native ancient Egyptian queens regnant, Berenice needed a husband to confirm her right to rule. Berenice III had married Ptolemy X in 101 BC. Their joint titulary 'King Ptolemy known as Alexander, the mother loving god, and Queen Berenice his sister, his wife ... ' has led to some confusion; Berenice was the niece of Ptolemy X, not his sister. After the death of Ptolemy IX in 62. BC, the widowed Berenice III took her father's throne. The native ancient Egyptian female kings had deliberately avoided marriage - the...

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Cleopatra IV and Cleopatra Selene

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 11:53:00 +0000

Ptolemy X ruled alone for a decade until the people of Alexandria, disgusted by his louche lifestyle, turned against him. He was forced to flee, leaving the throne vacant for his brother Ptolemy IX. Ptolemy IX is known to have had at least two wives, his sister Cleopatra IV followed by another sister Cleopatra Selene. Both ladies would outlive their husband, and both would meet violent deaths: Cleopatra IV brutally murdered as she clung on to the statue in the sanctuary of Apollo at Daphne, and Cleopatra Selene - who was to marry four times - executed at Seleucia. It has been suggested that...

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Relief of Ptolemy VIII, Cleopatra II and Cleopatra III

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 11:16:00 +0000

Ptolemy VIII stands in front of his two wives: Cleopatra II 'the sister' and her daughter, Cleopatra III 'the wife'. Temple of Sobek and Harouris (Horus the Elder), Kom Ombo.

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Cleopatra III

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:52:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } On the wall of the Ptolemaic Edfu Temple of Horus, Ptolemy VIII, Cleopatra II and their son, Ptolemy Memphites, receive jubilee symbols from the ibis-headed god Thoth. Ptolemy VIII would subsequently murder his young son. Ptolemy VIII had married Cleopatra II to reinforce his claim to the ancient Egyptian throne and, we may suspect, as a means of exerting some control over his headstrong sister. Belatedly realizing that the birth of Memphites might encourage Cleopatra II to seek power as regent on her young son's behalf, he then chose a second wife. His...

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Cleopatra II

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 15:36:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Limestone head of either Cleopatra I or, more likely, Cleopatra II as Thea Philometor Soteira, recovered from Alexandria. The queen wears an Egyptian-style crown, but has a classical face and hairstyle. Alexandria Museum. Cleopatra I was a skilled and experienced diplomat. While she lived, ancient Egypt sensibly showed little interest in foreign affairs. But when the queen died just four years after her husband, the nine-year-old Ptolemy VI came under the control of a most unsuitable pair of courtiers, th e eunuch Eulaeus and the...

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Cleopatra I

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 13:42:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Limestone head of either Cleopatra I or, more likely, Cleopatra II as Thea Philometor Soteira, recovered from Alexandria. The queen wears an Egyptian-style crown, but has a classical face and hairstyle. Alexandria Museum. Husband s: Ptolemy V, Epiphanes Father : Antiochus III of Syria Sons : Ptolemy VI , Philometor, Ptolemy VIII , Euergetes Daughter: Cleopatra II Titles : Sister-Wife of the Son of Re, Lady of the Two Lands, God's Mother Following the murder of his parents, the...

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Arsinoe III

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 12:30:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Husband: Ptolemy IV, Philopator Father: Ptolemy III, Euergetes Mother: Berenice II Sons: Ptolemy V, Epiphanes Titles: King's Daughter, King's Great Wife, Sister-Wife of the son of Ra p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Ptolemy III had been a successful, hard-working king with a loving wife; as such the royal couple had won the respect, if not the love, of their people. His son and heir, Ptolemy IV, was a very different king. Within a year of his accession he had ordered the murder of both his mother Berenice II, and his brother, Magas. After...

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Berenice II

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 11:46:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Classical-style mosaic depicting Berenice II as the personification of the city of Alexandria. The queen wears the prow of a warship on her head. Alexandria Museum . Husband: Ptolemy III, Euergetes Father: Magas of Cyrenaica Sons: Ptolemy IV, Philopator, Alexander, Magas Daughters: Berenice, Arsinoe III Titles: King's Mother, Sister Wife of the Son of Ra Ptolemy II had successfully expanded ancient Egypt's borders eastwards. Hi s policy was continued by his successor,...

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Arsinoe I and Arsinoe II

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 18:50:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Restored oinochoe (jug) depicting Arsinoe II as a Greek woman pouring a libation. British Museum. Ptolemy II married Arsinoe, duaghter of Lysimachus of Thrace, one of Alexander the Great's generals. Arsinoe I bore her husband three children, Ptolemy III, Lysimachus and Berenice Phernopherus, before being banished from court, accused of treason. p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } In need of a queen, Ptolemy II revived the ancient Egyptian royal tradition of brother-sister unions by marrying his sister Arsinoe II, the widow of his former father-in-law...

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The Obscure Wives of Ptolemy I

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 16:54:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Ptolemy I had at least four successive shadowy wives (Thais, Artakama, Eurydice and Berenice I), each of whom bore his children. The most important of these were the three children of Berenice I: Ptolemy II, Arsinoe II and Philotera. Berenice also had an older son, Magas, bore to her first husband Philip of Macedonia, who would later become king of Cyrenaica (now Libya). Related articles The Obscure Wives of Ptolemy I (ancient-egypt-history.com) Arsinoe I and Arsinoe II (ancient-egypt-history.com)

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The Macedonian Queens sof Ancient Egypt

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 13:48:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Alexander the Great plays the part of a conventional pharaoh by donning traditional kingly regalia to offer a libation to the fertility god Amun-Min in this scene from the outer wall of the sanctuary in the temple of Amun, Luxor. The advent of Alexander heralded an unprecedented era of bloodshed within the royal family. The dramas of the Macedonian court were, however, to a large extent conducted outside ancient Egypt's border and had little direct effect on her people. Alexander the Great collected four wives during his various military campaigns:...

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Ancient Egypt Queens

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 19:34:00 +0000

*Please note, the list is sorted as: Pharaoh = Queen *Name of the queens are on the right side of the "=" while the name of the pharaohs is on the left side. "=" means marriage "=?=" means possible marriage "=?" means queen is unknown The First Queens The Early Dynastic Period 3100-2650 BC Naqada pot showing Early Dynastic female form. For ancient Egyptian women, the advent of agriculture in around 5500 BC and consequent village settlement had been a mixed blessing. The new diet raised female fertility so that women were now exposed to the perils of an annual pregnancy. More...

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Ancient Egypt queens from Tentopet to Tentamun: Wives of the later Ramesside kings

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:38:00 +0000

Ramesses III was followed by eight further kings called Ramesses, a mixture of fathers, sons, brothers, uncles and nephews whose brief reigns occasionally overlapped. Their rule saw Egypt plunge deeper into economic decline, and royal authority slowly but surely restricted to the north of the country. We know little about these kings, and even less about their wives. Ramesses IV was almost certainly married to his sister Tentopet, owner of a tomb in the Valley of the Queens (QV 74). Ramesses V had two known queens, Henuttawi and Tawerettenru, but no children; his successor Ramesses VI was...

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Queen Tiy and the Harem Plot

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 17:33:00 +0000

The Migdal Gate displays several unusual scenes of Ramesses III in intimate circumstances with unnamed women. Here the seated king caresses an anonymous lady. Harem life was comfortable but dull. There was only one escape route for an ambitious woman: she had to become the next King's Mother. Her son had to become king of Egypt before one of his half-brothers succeeded to the throne and he became displaced from the succession. Usually the throne passed to the son of the consort, but this was not invariably the case; not all consorts produced sons, and there was always a chance that...

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Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Sun, 11 Dec 2011 11:20:00 +0000

Dynasty 0 (Pre-Dynastic) Scorpion / Narmar (Menes) Dynasty 1 Hor-Aha Djer Djet Den Anedjib Semerkhet Qa'a Dynasty 2 Hotepsekhemwy Raneb Nynetjer Seth-Peribsen Khasekhemwy Dynasty 3 Sekhemkhet Khaba Huni Dynasty 4 Snefru Khufu (Cheops) Djedefre Khafre (Chephren) Menkaure (Mycerinus) Shepseskaf Dynasty 5 Userkaf Sahure Neferirkare(Kakai) Shepseskare Neferefre Niuserre (Ini) Menkauhor Kaiu Djedkare Unas Dynasty 6 Teti Pepi I Merenre Pepi II Dynasties 7 and 8 Wadjkare Qakare Iby Dynasties 9 and 10 Meryibre...

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Iset Ta-Hemdjert

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 13:59:00 +0000

Iset Ta-Hemdjert as she appears on a statue originally commissioned by Ramesses IV but usurped by his brother Ramesses VI (Luxor MuseumJ. The two kings may have been full brothers, their reigns separated by that of Ramesses V, son of Ramesses IV. Husband: Ramesses III Mother: Hemdjert or Hebnerdjent Sons: Ramesses IV?, Ramesses VI Titles: King's Great Wife, King's Mother, God's Wife Burial place: Valley of the Queens (QV51) Ramesses III modelled his reign on that of the now-legendary Ramesses II (no known relation) even choosing the same names and titles for his sons. Ramesses III,...

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Tawosret

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 12:24:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Siptah, re-labelled as Seti II, offers to the god of the earth, Geb. Tawosret stands behind her stepson/husband wearing the double plumes, modius and solar disk of a conventional New Kingdom queen. Seti II, undisputed master of the whole of Egypt, was to rule for six undistinguished years with Tawosret as his consort. Then, since his intended heir was already dead, the throne passed to a hitherto-unknown young man. Ramesses-Siptah's parentage is never stated, but he is likely to have been either a son of Seti II born to a secondary queen (perhaps the...

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Takhat

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 12:02:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Queen Takhat standing on the left side of the back pillar of a statue of her son Amenmesse at Karnak. The tatue was subsequently usurped by her husband Seti II Amenmesse's mother Takhat has her own mystery. A statue still in place at Karnak originally showed King Amenmesse, although, as the statue was usurped in antiquity, it now bears the name of Seti II. On the back pillar of the statue i carved the smaller-scale image of the 'King' Daughter and King's Wife' Takhat. Takhat wears a flimsy robe, bobbed...

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Baketwernel I

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 11:14:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Baketwernel I - queen of Amenmesse, or Ramesses IX? - in an ill-preserved image on the wall of Amenmesse's tomb (KV 10). Seti-Merenptah, son of Isetnofret II, 'Heir of the Two Lands, Generalissimo and Senior Prince', had clearly been intended to inherit his father's crown. But something went badly wrong and, after ten years on the ancient Egyptian throne, Merenptah was most unexpectedly succeeded by the unknown and totally unexplained King Amenmesse. At this point we are entering a very muddled period of ancient Egypt, made worse by deliberate...

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Bintanath II

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 10:30:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } The 'Royal Daughter, Royal Sister, Great Royal Wife Bintanath' appear s on a statue of Merenptah erected in front of the gateway to the Luxor temple. Some Egyptologists have read this as proof that Bintanath, daughter of Ramesses II, married her brother after her father's death. However, given her age - at least 60 at the time of Merenptah's succession - and the fact that Bintanath was effectively Merenptah' stepmother as well as his sister, this seems unlikely. Second marriage s were very common amongst non-royal ancient Egyptians, but with the possible...

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Isetnofret II

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 10:22:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } Husband: Merenptah Father: : Either Ramesses II (with Isetnofret I) or Khaemwaset Son: Seti-Merenptah (Seti II) Daughter: Isetnofret Titles: King's Great Wife Burial Place: Thebes Eventually Merenptah, some 60 years old, succeeded his father. Merenptah was married to Isetnofret II. For a long time it was assumed that this lady was his slightly older sister, the sixth daughter of Ramesse II born to Isetnofret I. However, there are many Isetnofrets in the Ramesside royal family, and it may be that she is in fact Merenptah's niece, th edaughter of...

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Maathorneferure

noreply@blogger.com (Adam Kenawee) — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 21:54:00 +0000

p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } The Hittite brideMaathomefrure and her father Hattusilis, featured at Abu Simbel. Husband: Ramesses II Father: Hattusilis III, king of the Hittites. Mother: Pudukhepa Children: One daughter Title: Kind's Great Wife Burial Place: Gurob? The early years of Ramesses' reign had been devoted to strengthening his empire and consolidating ancient Egypt's sphere of influence further afield. Year 5 had been the year of the celebrated battle of Kadesh: the Egyptian troops led by the valiant Ramesses himself, pitted...

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