“It is encouraging to see a healthy growth in student enrollment, especially freshmen enrollment. These are tough economic times, and we know many of our students and their parents are making financial sacrifices to get a university education,” said Chancellor G. David Gearhart. “It’s our job now to see that these students come first in everything we do, that we give them the education they deserve and the support they need to graduate.

“A great deal of credit must go to our admissions staff and graduate school staff for the hard work they did all year to recruit students to the university. Our college deans and outstanding faculty also deserve praise for creating an environment of academic excellence that attracts students, not only from Arkansas, but from all over the nation and the world.  Our ability to recruit these students is a key factor in the steady increase in academic quality and achievement that we’ve seen at the University of Arkansas.”

Degree-seeking students

Overall, the number of degree-seeking undergraduate students is up by 2.9 percent, to a total of 14,857. Graduate student enrollment is up 1.8 percent, to 3,192 degree-seeking students, while School of Law enrollment declined by 1.2 percent to 398 degree-seeking students.

In-state students make up 73.5 percent of the undergraduate population, but the total number of in-state undergraduate students was down by 0.9 percent, with 10,922 degree-seeking students enrolled. The number of out-of-state undergraduates grew by 14.6 percent, however, to a new record of 3,538 students. Out-of-state enrollment has increased steadily since 1999. International student enrollment is also up substantially, 19.9 percent to 397 undergraduates.

The number of in-state graduate students also showed a slight increase, 0.8 percent over 2007, with a total of 1,862 degree-seeking students. Non-resident graduate students showed a 4.9 percent increase, 752 students, while there was a 1 percent increase in the number of international graduate students, to 578 students. This last figure was a significant improvement over 2007, when the international graduate student enrollment dropped by 5.1 percent.

Freshman class

The incoming freshman class set an enrollment record while maintaining high standards of academic achievement. The 3,010 degree-seeking freshmen represent a 3.8 percent increase over last year.

 “The admissions staff had a goal to bring more than 3,000 freshmen to campus in the year 2010,” said Karen Hodges, interim director of admissions. “We’re delighted and excited to reach that goal two years early. It’s a testament to the hard work done by our recruiters and our entire staff, but even more, to the people in the university community who have worked to create an outstanding institution that students want to attend.”

 The incoming freshman class boasts an average ACT score of 25.7, a decrease of 0.1 point from last year’s record high average. Their grade point average is 3.59, which matches that of last year’s freshman class.

Freshmen entering as Honors College students maintained the same academic levels as last year’s freshman class, averaging 30.8 on the ACT and posting a grade point average of 3.99.

In-state enrollment dropped slightly for incoming freshmen, down 1.1 percent from last year, a total of 1,898 degree-seeking students. A steady trend of increasing non-resident freshmen enrollment continued with a jump of 14.3 percent, to 1,074 students. However, only 38 international students enrolled in the freshman class, one fewer than in 2007, a drop of 2.6 percent. In-state students make up 63.1 percent of the new freshman class.

Diversity

The University of Arkansas showed a 4.4 percent gain in minority students, with the minority population now making up 13 percent of the degree-seeking students on campus. Minority freshman enrollment increased by 9.6 percent; minority students are 14.1 percent of this year’s freshman class.

Total enrollment of African American students reached the highest level in at least nine years, 1,025 students, but this represented an increase of only 0.2 percent over last year. African American students now make up 5.3 percent of the total enrollment, down from 5.5 percent in 2007. In the freshman class, however, African American enrollment jumped by 20 percent over last year to 168 degree-seeking students, the largest number since 1999. African American students make up 5.6 percent of the freshmen class.

Hispanic American enrollment increased by 10.6 percent overall, to a record total of 583 students. Hispanic Americans now make up 3 percent of the student body. In the freshman class, however, Hispanic American enrollment dropped 7.1 percent; Hispanic American students now make up 3 percent of the degree-seeking freshmen.

 Asian American enrollment also increased, showing a 7 percent gain overall, and a 5.8 percent increase in the freshman class. Asian American students make up 2.6 percent of the student body, and 3 percent of the freshman class.

American Indian students posted a 3.9 percent increase in total enrollment, and a 17.7 percent increase in the freshman class. American Indian students make up 2 percent of the student population and 2.4 percent of the freshman class.

In terms of gender diversity, the University of Arkansas remains almost equally divided between males and females. Men make up 51 percent of the student population, while 49 percent are women.

Colleges

The J. William Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences continues to have the largest enrollment, with 7,206 undergraduate and graduate students, but the college also showed the smallest gain in students, with an increase of 1.4 percent from last year.

The Sam M. Walton College of Business has a 4.6  percent increase and the second largest enrollment, 3,593 students.

The College of Education and Health Professions has a total enrollment of 3,304 students, a 4.4 percent increase over last year.

The College of Engineering has 2,264 students enrolled, a 3.1 percent increase.

The Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences enrolled 1,674 students, an increase of 3.7 percent.

The School of Architecture has a total enrollment of 422 undergraduate students, a 6.3 percent increase over 2007.

The state of Arkansas requires institutions of higher education to report enrollment figures for students who are registered on the 11th day of classes. The enrollment numbers are not officially reported to the state until Oct. 17, and there are often minor differences between the 11th day “snapshot” and the final enrollment numbers.

CONTACT:

Steve Voorhies, manager, media relations

University Relations

(479) 575-3583, voorhies@uark.edu

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Keywords:  UA Home, Students, Media, Academic Affairs, Admissions

Please R.S.V.P. online at www.arkalum.org/hogbash or e-mail seniors@razorbackroad.com.

Wallace Spearmon, USA BSE '96

Spearmon, a Fayetteville native and resident, is making his Olympic debut and hopes to lead what will be a strong U.S. contingent in the 200m (Aug. 20) and the 4x100-meter relay (Aug. 22) in Beijing. The son of a former Razorback sprinter, he used a late surge to finish third in the 200m at the U.S. Olympic Trials. He was only nine hundredths of a second away from staying home. His best friend, Tyson Gay, is also his training partner and college teammate at Arkansas.

Tyson Gay, USA

Gay, a Lexington, Ky., native and resident, took no chances during the 100m Olympic Trials to make his first Olympic team. He recorded 9.77 seconds in his heat to break Maurice Greene's American record of 9.79 set in Athens as well as Greene's Olympic Trials record of 9.91 set in 2004. That time makes Gay the third-fastest man with the fourth-fastest time of all time. He is in Beijing with his best friend and teammate, Wallace Spearmon. He will compete in the 100 meters (Aug. 16) and the 4x100-meter relay (Aug. 22).

Tyson Gay did not advance to the finals in the Men's 100 meter completion.

Alistair Cragg, Ireland

Alistair is looking for his first Olympic medal in the 1,500 meters (Aug. 19) and the 5,000 meters (Aug. 23). He was a 13-time All-American, a seven-time NCAA champion and a nine-time SEC Champion at the University of Arkansas. He is a South African native but competes for Ireland after changing his citizenship to that country. He excited the crowd at the Tyson Invitational in February when he ran away with the 5,000 meters, running 13.32.01, the best indoor time of 2008.

Alistair Cragg did not advance to the semi-finals in the Men's 1500 meter.

Nicole Teter, USA

The Beijing Olympics mark the second time Nicole will represent the United States in the 800 meters (Aug. 18). Despite having to bounce back from several injuries, the Californian won the U.S. Indoor 800m title in 2008. Her breakthrough season was in 2002 when she won her first national title indoors with an American record in the 800m. She won the U.S. outdoor title in the same distance three months later.

Nicole Teter unable to finish her first heat in the 800 meters due to injury.

Christin Wurth-Thomas, USA BSBA '03

A Bloomington, IL, native and Springdale resident, Christin holds the University of Arkansas 1500m outdoors record (4:10.49), the top four times overall in the event and the second-fastest 6000m cross-country time (19:33.55) in school history. In front of a home crowd in Arkansas at the Tyson Invitational, she won the 1500m by four seconds in 4 minutes, 27.18 seconds. She is making her Olympic debut in the 1,500 meters (Aug. 23).

Amy Yoder Begley, USA BSE '01

Amy is making her Olympic debut in Beijing in the 10,000 meters (Aug. 15). She was a 15-time NCAA All-American, a 15-time SEC individual champion and two-time NCAA champion while attending the University of Arkansas. She qualified for the U.S. Olympic Trials in 2000 and 2004 but was unable to place in the top three spots. She won gold at the 10K Road National Championships in 2004. The Kendallville, IN, native now resides in Beaverton, Ore.

Amy Yoder Begley competed in the 10,000 meters finals on Friday. She finished 26th in the event with a time of 32:38.28.

Deena Kastor, USA BA '96

Competing in her third Olympics in the marathon (Aug. 17), Deena is the top female distance runner in the United States. She took home the bronze medal in the women's marathon in Athens in 2004. The Agoura, CA, native now resides in Mammoth Lakes, CA.

Deena Kastor was forced to withdraw during the women's marathon due to injury.

April Steiner Bennett, USA BSE '03

April, a Native of Mountain View, CA, makes her Olympic debut in the pole vault. She was a three-time NCAA indoor champion at the University of Arkansas and won silver at the 2007 Pan Am Games. Having played several sports growing up, she switched to the pole vault in 1999 so she could get a Division I scholarship. April resides in Springdale.

April Steiner Bennet advanced to the pole vault finals and finished 8th  in a 12-woman field.

LaShaunte'a Moore, USA

LaShaunte'a will compete in 4x100-meter relay in the Olympics for the second time in her career, making her hometown of Akron, OH, proud. Now a Fayetteville resident, her college accolades include winning the 200m at the 2004 NCAA Outdoor Championships in 22.37 seconds and finished fourth in the 100m in 11.31 seconds. At Arkansas, she ran alongside four-time Olympic medalist Veronica Campbell-Brown.

Veronica Campbell-Brown, Jamaica BSBA '06

Veronica became the first Razorback women's Olympic gold medalist in school history at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens. She won the 200m competition and was also a member of Jamaica's gold medal-winning 4x100-meter relay team. She also won a bronze medal in the 100m race. Add these to her silver finish in the 4x100-meter relay in Sydney in 2000 and she becomes a four-time Olympic medalist and only Razorback woman to ever win multiple gold medals. In Beijing, she will compete in the 200 meters (Aug. 21) and the 4x100-meter relay (Aug. 22).

Yi Ting Siow, Malaysia - current UA student

University of Arkansas swimmer Yi Ting Siow took part in her third Olympics in Beijing, China. Yi, who transferred in January to the University of Arkansas from Wisconsin, represented Malaysia at the Olympic Games. She swam a 2:17.11 in the 200m IM finishing seventh in the second of four heats. She did not advance.

Jerome Romain BSE '96, MS '00

Another former Razorback track and field standout, Jerome is also on the center stage in Beijing as the head coach for his native Dominca. A finalist in the triple jump at the 1996 Atlanta Games for Dominca, the current Brown University assistant coach was also chosen to carry the flag for Dominca in the opening ceremonies.

Keep watch on http://www.arkalum.org/ for updates on these Olympians.

For ticket information visit: http://www.arkansasmusicpavilion.com/

Volunteer opportunities also are available. If interested, please contact Carolyn Baltz or Terri Dover at membership@razorbackroad.com or 479-575-2801.

Speakers will include G. David Gearhart, chancellor-elect, Randy and Neilla Flanigan, mosaic artists, Spencer Lucker, president, Class Gift Council, and Jerrid Freeman, director, Arkansas Union.

“Doing your bit for the environment doesn’t mean donning tie-dye and chaining yourself to the nearest panda,” said Carl Smith, a landscape architecture professor at the University of Arkansas School of Architecture and first author of the new book Residential Landscape Sustainability: A Checklist Tool (Blackwell Publishing, 2008). “We all know what we can do in the house – for example using low-energy light bulbs. What may be less obvious is what we can do literally around the house – in the yard, the garden or the driveway.”

Here, in his own words, are Carl Smith’s top ten tips for greening your garden:

1. Plant trees. If you have the room, trees can provide protection for your house from hot sun and cold winds, reducing winter heating and summer air-conditioning. Planting trees and larger shrubs in the right place can help you save up to a quarter of your energy bills! Of course trees also help provide habitat for bird and insects and, just as importantly, make our human habitat that bit more attractive too – studies have shown yard trees can have a significant impact on how attractive your property and the street appears.

2. Think natural. Common sense tells us that the more processing a building product goes through, the more energy and potential pollution is likely to be involved in its manufacture. When adding surfacing or features to the lot, remember that naturally occurring materials such as timber, stone and aggregate will tend to have had less environmental impact than metals, plastics, bricks and cement.

3. Think local (and check the label). A naturally occurring material is not automatically the ‘green’ choice. Ask your supplier where materials come from – natural stone trucked from hundreds of miles away may be no better for the environment than a concrete block manufactured just down the road. Look for timber that is local and certified as being from a sustainable source – Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) stamped is reckoned to be the most reliable.

4. Diversify plantings. Native plants drive global biodiversity and can be a great environmental feature in your garden – especially if you live near an existing native habitat that you can help to protect and extend. However, research is showing that non-invasive, non-native plants can also be attractive to many bugs and beasties.

5. Design for re-use. Whether because it’s looking old and tired, or simply because you want to spruce things up a bit, from time to time you may want to remove, replace or repair garden items such as decks, fences and areas of hardscape. Using screws and bolts rather than nails to secure timbers, or lime mortar or sand to bed paving rather than cement, can allow you to easily dismantle and reuse, rather than smash and dump (though, admittedly, it’s less fun).

6. Hail to the heap. A garden compost heap made up of veggie waste from the kitchen, as well as the leaves, cuttings and branches from yard work can be rotted down over time to provide a ready resource of soil improver. What’s more, as much as one in five truckloads of waste trucked to U.S. landfills could find a home on a compost heap instead.

7. Think in layers. To attract the maximum biodiversity to your yard, you should use several layers of plants – ground covers, shrubs, larger shrubs and, of course, trees.

8. Hedge your bets. Housing, like all types of extended development areas, can divide areas of natural value such as woodland and grasslands. Rather than build a fence, plant a hedge and help provide a ‘green corridor’ for animals to move through your neighborhood and between fragmented green areas. And if you don’t like the neighbor you can always let your hedge grow tall.

9. Harvest rainwater. Avoid using drinking standard water from the main supply. Plants would normally get their water from rainfall – so why not disconnect the down-pipe from the [storm drains] and introduce a rain barrel that stores roof-water for when rain is scarce?

10. Find beauty in chaos. A garden design that requires every plant to survive exactly where it was planted and never grow beyond a certain size, and is easily ruined by opportunistic invaders (weeds) will require you to spend lots of time and energy in the garden. Choose plants carefully to match your soil, weather conditions and their location (remember that exotic plants may be just as well suited to your garden as natives), and they will need less water and fertilizer (which can require a lot of energy to manufacture). Also, by being a little less pedantic about keeping every plant in line, looser designs can allow some plants to fail and (gasp) some to come in without ruining the overall effect. Herbicide and water use would decrease, there’d be less weed pulling for you – allowing more time to spend in that hammock strung between your shade trees.

• The University of Arkansas School of Architecture, Fayetteville - $10 million

• The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock - $1.5 million

• Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock - $1.5 million

Friends and family of the Edmondsons and officials from the three organizations gathered Friday, Feb. 1, at Blessings Golf Club for an intimate celebration of this remarkable gift.

University of Arkansas Chancellor John A. White said: "Don and Ellen Edmondson have long shared their time, energy and resources with the University of Arkansas. This gift will surely transform the School of Architecture, providing funds for the school to continue raising the bar on their already nationally recognized programs."

"The Edmondsons have shown great leadership in many statewide organizations, including the Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute at UAMS. We thank them for their foresight in establishing this planned gift, which will provide significant funds for cancer research and treatment for many years to come," said UAMS Chancellor I. Dodd Wilson, M.D.

"This gift from the Edmondsons comes from their generous spirits," said Dr. Jonathan Bates, president and chief executive officer of Arkansas Children's Hospital. "Don has provided outstanding leadership and service as a member of the Foundation Board for the past decade. We have been so fortunate to have his thoughtful counsel and fundraising support. As long-time friends and donors to ACH, this extraordinary couple has decided in one more way to help children - those that cannot help themselves. Future generations of children will benefit from the Edmondsons' vision and compassionate hearts."

A 1958 graduate of the University of Arkansas College of Business, Don Edmondson credits a freshman arts appreciation course for sparking his interest in architecture. Fay Jones, the late prize-winning architect and professor of architecture, lectured on Louis Sullivan, Frank Lloyd Wright and his own work, giving Edmondson his first taste of modern design.

"I was so struck by his art and architecture - it was the coolest thing I've ever seen," Don Edmondson said. "He inspired me to aspire, to do well in life, to reach those goals that I wanted to reach. And on top of that list was to live in a Fay Jones home."

Fay Jones eventually did design Don and Ellen Edmondson's Forrest City home, and over time a deep friendship developed between the Edmondsons, Fay Jones and his wife Mary Elizabeth ("Gus") Jones. The gift to the School of Architecture, Edmondson said, is "to honor Fay and Gus and what they have meant in our lives, and hopefully to inspire other people to support the school and its mission. I hope that the gift will inspire people to give not just money, but their time and talents as well."

John Bel, president, Arkansas Children's Hospital Foundation; Judy Bel; Ellen and Don Edmondson; Virginia Young, executive director, Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute Foundation

The Edmondsons have generously shared their time and energy through the years, opening their home for parties and events. Don Edmondson chaired the School of Architecture's Campaign Committee and also served on the University of Arkansas Campaign for the Twenty-First Century Committee. He currently serves on the University of Arkansas Board of Advisors and has pledged to help the School of Architecture raise funds for a possible addition to Vol Walker Hall.

Edmondson also has served on the foundation fund board of the UAMS Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute for 18 years and the foundation board of the Arkansas Children's Hospital for 12 years.

"It's been very fulfilling for Ellen and me, in the latter part of our lives, to share our resources," he said. "This gift ensures that everything we've worked for will help somebody else."

Don and Ellen Edmondson have long been friends and benefactors of the School of Architecture. In 1999 the Edmondsons endowed the Fay Jones Chair in Architecture, which brings nationally respected architects and teachers to the School of Architecture to work with students and faculty. The endowment also supports the processing of Jones' papers, which are housed in the University of Arkansas Libraries department of special collections.

The Edmondsons also have funded an international scholarship to honor architect Maurice Jennings, a 1973 graduate of the School of Architecture who worked with Fay Jones for 25 years and became Jones' only partner in 1986. Additional gifts by the Edmondsons have supported Garvan Woodland Gardens, the School of Architecture's botanical garden in Hot Springs, and the Razorback band. Don Edmondson and fellow alumnus Charlie Whiteside (B.S.B.A. '63) recently worked together to raise funds for the University of Arkansas School of Law. Their efforts resulted in the dedication of a computer and reading room and an endowed scholarship in honor of their friend, Judge Bobby Fussell.

School of Architecture leaders will determine how best to use the planned gift in the future, said Jeff Shannon, dean of the School of Architecture. "The Edmondsons' gift will have a huge impact on generations of faculty and students to come. We are very grateful for their generous support of our program."

"As the university moves forward, valued benefactors like the Edmondsons make our goals of growth and continued excellence possible," said Dave Gearhart, vice chancellor for university advancement and chancellor-elect. "This gift opens many new doors for the School of Architecture, its programs, students and faculty. We simply cannot say 'thank you' enough."

Don Edmondson is retired from directing franchise businesses, which included Kentucky Fried Chicken, a Holiday Inn and Taco Bell. The Edmondsons have a daughter, Jennifer Edmondson.

"It was delightful to see such thoughtful urban design thinking coming from the academy," said Harry G. Robinson, a professor of urban design at Howard University and principal of TRGConsulting who chaired the jury. "Their use of urban design as a sustainability strategy at several scales of intervention affirms the possibilities of the discipline to impact positively the environment and how the earth is inhabited. The UA design center is a model that other architecture programs should follow in engaging their host communities."

Habitat Trails, a sustainable neighborhood for the Rogers chapter of Habitat for Humanity. The five-acre low-impact development includes 17 dwelling units and preserves a third of the site for parks, gardens and meadows that treat stormwater while fostering community. The jury praised the project for demonstrating "how a sustainable landscape can blend seamlessly with good urban design and architecture." Community design center staff collaborated with Marty Matlock in the department of biological and agricultural engineering, Mark Boyer in the department of landscape architecture, and 12 architecture and engineering students to develop Habitat Trails, which is currently under construction.

Cars, pedestrians, cyclists and wildlife share green space in the design center's campus plan.

In Campus Hydroscapes, community design center staff and students developed an ambitious slate of proposals for the "Athletic Valley" on the southwest edge of the University of Arkansas campus. Planning focused on remediating the College Branch stream, which is prone to erosion, flooding and pollution due to surrounding development. Solutions ranged from stormwater gardens to the transformation of a nine-acre parking lot to a marsh coupled with a multistory parking garage, visitors' center and transportation hub that would provide a needed campus gateway. The jury noted that the project provides "multiple opportunities to control the ecological footprint of the campus infrastructure and turn the river's adjacent surfaces from liability to asset within current political and financial circumstances." The design center collaborated with the northwest chapter of Audubon Arkansas on this project, which was funded by a $190,000 grant from the Environmental Protection Agency.

Visioning Rail Transit in Northwest Arkansas united students from the University of Arkansas and Washington University in St. Louis in addressing a thorny regional planning issue: light rail. Studios at both universities explored how light rail and associated transit-oriented development could ease traffic gridlock, spur downtown revitalization and check sprawl in Northwest Arkansas. The jury said the master plan "creates cities for humans versus cities for autos . . . With major growth coming, this is a chance to do it right from the outset." Design center staff and students partnered with Eric Kahn, a principal with the Los Angeles firm Central Office of Architecture, and William Conway, a Minneapolis-based architect and planner, on this project.

"These latest awards confirm that our design center's multifaceted, collaborative approach to sustainable design is the future of regional and urban planning," said Jeff Shannon, dean of the School of Architecture. "We are proud to offer this resource to our students and the state."

For more information on the University of Arkansas Community Design Center, visit the center's Web site at http://uacdc.uark.edu/.

To learn more about sustainable research and project development at the university, visit http://sustainability.uark.edu/.

The awards will be presented at the annual meeting of the American Institute of Architects in Boston, May 15-17, 2008. For more information on the association's awards program, visit the association's Web site.

The second award, a New Faculty Teaching Award, co-sponsored by the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture and the American Institute of Architecture Students, honors Aaron Gabriel, assistant director of the design center and an adjunct assistant professor in the department of architecture, for "demonstrated excellence in teaching performance" during the formative years of his career. Gabriel has been a key component of the design center team since 2003, helping to develop new models for municipal and private development that have won 23 design, planning and education awards.

Aaron Gabriel discusses student work.

"Professor Gabriel combines sophisticated insights on pedagogy with the design and planning skills of a talented practitioner - particularly rare in young faculty," said Stephen Luoni, director of the design center. "Similar to instruction in the teaching hospital, he models for our students dedication, commitment to excellence, and critical practitioner thinking."

Gabriel earned a Master of Architecture from Columbia University in May of 2003 and a Bachelor of Design from the University of Florida in 1997. He was awarded a traveling fellowship to the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich (ETH) in the spring of 2002, and was a Skidmore Owings and Merrill traveling fellow candidate in 2002. With partner Katherine Chang he developed quarters for transitional homeless housing that were selected as one of five winning entries for the Common Ground Community's First Step Housing Competition in 2003. A prototype was built in New York City and is featured in the 2006 book Design Like You Give a Damn: Architectural Responses to Humanitarian Crises.

The third award, the 2007-08 ACSA Collaborative Practice Award, recognizes the CITYbuild Consortium of Schools. Launched by the December 2005 Arkansas Summit, which was organized and hosted by the School of Architecture, CITYbuild is a collective of national university-based programs working cooperatively to address the challenges of rebuilding New Orleans, post-Katrina. School of Architecture faculty and students redesigned and have begun construction on Miss Gloria's Kitchen, a restaurant and focal point for the Gert Town neighborhood that has been shuttered since Hurricane Katrina. Other schools and organizations participating in CITYbuild include the University of Kansas, Tulane University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the University of Southern California and Design Corps.

The awards will be presented at the annual meeting of the Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture in Houston, March 27-30, 2008. All three awards will be included in a book on the 2007-08 education awards to be co-published by the ACSA and the American Institute of Architects.