<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--[if IE]>        <html lang="en-US" class="ie"><![endif]-->
<!--[if !IE]><!-->  <html lang="en-US" class="not-ie">  <!--<![endif]-->
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11">
<link rel="pingback" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/xmlrpc.php">


<link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/AURAfavicon2-16x16.png" type="image/x-icon" />

<!-- For iPhone -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/AURAfavicon2-57x57.png">

<!-- For iPhone 4 Retina display -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/AURAfavicon2-114x114.png">

<!-- For iPad -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/AURAfavicon2-72x72.png">

<!-- For iPad Retina display -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/AURAfavicon2-144x144.png">

<meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />

	<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.3 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ -->
	<title>Home - AURA Astronomy</title><link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto%20Condensed%3A400%7COpen%20Sans%3A400%2C100%7CRoboto%3A500&#038;subset=latin&#038;display=swap" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto%20Condensed%3A400%7COpen%20Sans%3A400%2C100%7CRoboto%3A500&#038;subset=latin&#038;display=swap" media="print" onload="this.media='all'" /><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto%20Condensed%3A400%7COpen%20Sans%3A400%2C100%7CRoboto%3A500&#038;subset=latin&#038;display=swap" /></noscript>
	<meta name="description" content="AURA operates and builds world-class astronomical observatories for the National Science Foundation and NASA and advances research in astronomy" />
	<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/" />
	<meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" />
	<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
	<meta property="og:title" content="Home - AURA Astronomy" />
	<meta property="og:description" content="AURA operates and builds world-class astronomical observatories for the National Science Foundation and NASA and advances research in astronomy" />
	<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/" />
	<meta property="og:site_name" content="AURA Astronomy" />
	<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-08-24T15:50:13+00:00" />
	<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
	<script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/","url":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/","name":"Home - AURA Astronomy","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#website"},"about":{"@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#organization"},"datePublished":"2014-08-01T12:45:50+00:00","dateModified":"2021-08-24T15:50:13+00:00","description":"AURA operates and builds world-class astronomical observatories for the National Science Foundation and NASA and advances research in astronomy","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.aura-astronomy.org/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#website","url":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/","name":"AURA Astronomy","description":"Welcome to AURA","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#organization","name":"AURA","url":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/AURA-Logo-lightbg-RGB.png","contentUrl":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/AURA-Logo-lightbg-RGB.png","width":1762,"height":563,"caption":"AURA"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.aura-astronomy.org/#/schema/logo/image/"}}]}</script>
	<meta name="google-site-verification" content="UFQxOjyjh_kmnfVwWnC5jUMJFRsMQK5iXMdk_unQhkI" />
	<!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. -->


<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' />
<link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin rel='preconnect' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AURA Astronomy &raquo; Feed" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AURA Astronomy &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/comments/feed/" />
<style type="text/css">
img.wp-smiley,
img.emoji {
	display: inline !important;
	border: none !important;
	box-shadow: none !important;
	height: 1em !important;
	width: 1em !important;
	margin: 0 0.07em !important;
	vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
	background: none !important;
	padding: 0 !important;
}
</style>
	<link rel='stylesheet' id='pt-cv-public-style-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/content-views-query-and-display-post-page/public/assets/css/cv.css?ver=3.5.0' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='pt-cv-public-pro-style-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/pt-content-views-pro/public/assets/css/cvpro.min.css?ver=5.8.9' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>
/*! This file is auto-generated */
.wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
</style>
<style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>
body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}body .is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}body .is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}body .is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}body .is-layout-flex > *{margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}body .is-layout-grid > *{margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;}
.wp-block-navigation a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){color: inherit;}
:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}
:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}
.wp-block-pullquote{font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='contact-form-7-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/css/styles.css?ver=5.8.1' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='redux-extendify-styles-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/redux-framework/redux-core/assets/css/extendify-utilities.css?ver=4.4.7' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='rs-plugin-settings-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/css/settings.css?ver=5.4.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<style id='rs-plugin-settings-inline-css' type='text/css'>
.tp-caption a{color:#ff7302;text-shadow:none;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease-out;-moz-transition:all 0.2s ease-out;-o-transition:all 0.2s ease-out;-ms-transition:all 0.2s ease-out}.tp-caption a:hover{color:#ffa902}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='tjoy-style-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/style.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='bootstrap-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/css/bootstrap.min.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='fontawesome-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=4.6.3' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='master-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/wp-less/tjoy/less/master-4a359e9a33.css' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='base-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/css/base.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='magnific-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/css/magnific-popup.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='circliful-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/css/jquery.circliful.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='animate-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/css/animate.css?ver=6.3.8' type='text/css' media='all' />
<link rel='stylesheet' id='cookie-notice-front-css' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/cookie-notice/css/front.min.css?ver=2.4.11' type='text/css' media='all' />
<noscript></noscript><script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.0' id='jquery-core-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1' id='jquery-migrate-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.2' id='jquery-ui-core-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/accordion.min.js?ver=1.13.2' id='jquery-ui-accordion-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js?ver=1.13.2' id='jquery-ui-tabs-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/df-shortcodes_tjoy-master/js/zilla-shortcodes-lib.js?ver=6.3.8' id='zilla-shortcodes-lib-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='tc_csca-country-auto-script-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var tc_csca_auto_ajax = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.aura-astronomy.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"0942d07716"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/country-state-city-auto-dropdown/assets/js/script.js?ver=6.3.8' id='tc_csca-country-auto-script-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/jquery.themepunch.tools.min.js?ver=5.4.8' id='tp-tools-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/jquery.themepunch.revolution.min.js?ver=5.4.8' id='revmin-js' defer></script>
<script async id="cookie-notice-front-js-before" type="text/javascript">
var cnArgs = {"ajaxUrl":"https:\/\/www.aura-astronomy.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"16cd527756","hideEffect":"fade","position":"bottom","onScroll":false,"onScrollOffset":100,"onClick":false,"cookieName":"cookie_notice_accepted","cookieTime":2592000,"cookieTimeRejected":2592000,"globalCookie":false,"redirection":false,"cache":true,"revokeCookies":false,"revokeCookiesOpt":"automatic"};
</script>
<script async type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/cookie-notice/js/front.min.js?ver=2.4.11' id='cookie-notice-front-js'></script>
<link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" type="application/json" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/181" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.3.8" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aura-astronomy.org%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aura-astronomy.org%2F&#038;format=xml" />
<meta name="generator" content="Redux 4.4.7" /><style type="text/css">
/* CSS Generated from theme options */

		.widget__footer .widget-title:after {
			background: #f9fcfd;
		}
		.gallery-item .gallery-caption h3:before {
			border-top: 1px solid #3370a6;
		}</style><meta name="generator" content="Powered by Slider Revolution 5.4.8 - responsive, Mobile-Friendly Slider Plugin for WordPress with comfortable drag and drop interface." />
<link rel="icon" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/cropped-AURAtwitterProfile-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" />
<link rel="icon" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/cropped-AURAtwitterProfile-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/cropped-AURAtwitterProfile-180x180.png" />
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/cropped-AURAtwitterProfile-270x270.png" />
<script type="text/javascript">function setREVStartSize(e){									
						try{ e.c=jQuery(e.c);var i=jQuery(window).width(),t=9999,r=0,n=0,l=0,f=0,s=0,h=0;
							if(e.responsiveLevels&&(jQuery.each(e.responsiveLevels,function(e,f){f>i&&(t=r=f,l=e),i>f&&f>r&&(r=f,n=e)}),t>r&&(l=n)),f=e.gridheight[l]||e.gridheight[0]||e.gridheight,s=e.gridwidth[l]||e.gridwidth[0]||e.gridwidth,h=i/s,h=h>1?1:h,f=Math.round(h*f),"fullscreen"==e.sliderLayout){var u=(e.c.width(),jQuery(window).height());if(void 0!=e.fullScreenOffsetContainer){var c=e.fullScreenOffsetContainer.split(",");if (c) jQuery.each(c,function(e,i){u=jQuery(i).length>0?u-jQuery(i).outerHeight(!0):u}),e.fullScreenOffset.split("%").length>1&&void 0!=e.fullScreenOffset&&e.fullScreenOffset.length>0?u-=jQuery(window).height()*parseInt(e.fullScreenOffset,0)/100:void 0!=e.fullScreenOffset&&e.fullScreenOffset.length>0&&(u-=parseInt(e.fullScreenOffset,0))}f=u}else void 0!=e.minHeight&&f<e.minHeight&&(f=e.minHeight);e.c.closest(".rev_slider_wrapper").css({height:f})					
						}catch(d){console.log("Failure at Presize of Slider:"+d)}						
					};</script>
		<style type="text/css" id="wp-custom-css">
			h1, .h1, h2, .h2, h3, .h3, h4, .h4, h5, .h5, h6, .h6 {
	text-shadow: none;
	letter-spacing: 0px;
	line-height: 1.5;
}
.btn {
    border: none;
    background-color: #00aeef;
    padding: 14px 28px;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: #ffffff;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: inline-block;
}

a:link {
    color: #0b8dbe;
	  font-weight: bold;
}

a:visited {
    color: #0b8dbe;
}

a:hover {
color: #0d3d56;
}

.alignleft, .alignright, .aligncenter, .alignnone, .thumbnail, .img-thumbnail, .team-member-thumbnail {
	padding: 0;
	background-color: transparent;
}
.team-member-thumbnail {
	float: left;
	margin-right: 2em;
	margin-bottom: 1em;
}
.btn-default, .btn-primary, .btn-secondary, .btn-tertiary, .btn-success, .btn-info, .btn-warning, .btn-danger {
	color: #0b8dbe;
	background-color: #ffffff;
	text-shadow: none;
	border-image:none;
	box-shadow: none;
}
.btn-success:link {
	color: #0b8dbe
}

.btn-success:hover, .btn-success:focus {
	color: #0d3d56;
	transition:none;
}
.btn-success::before {
 background: transparent;
}
.cta__alt .cta-txt{
	font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	color: #233d61;
}

.cta__alt .cta-subtitle{
	font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
	color: #233d61;
	font-size: 16px;
}
.single .main-content {
	padding-top: 100px;
}
.footer, .footer a {
	color: #fefefe;
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .careers {
    width: 100% !important;
  }
}	
.committee-nav {
	padding-top: 0px !important;
}

.committee-title {
	color: #233d61;
	padding-top: 0px !important;}

h4 small {color: #233d61 !important;}

.pt-cv-readmore {
	color: #ff0000;
	text-shadow: none;
	border-image: none;
	box-shadow: none;
}		</style>
		<style id="tjoy_data-dynamic-css" title="dynamic-css" class="redux-options-output">.large-header{background-color:#ffffff;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-position:center top;background-size:contain;}body{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;text-align:left;line-height:24px;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#373D3F;font-size:16px;}.flexnav li a{font-family:"Roboto Condensed";font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-size:14px;}h1{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#0c374d;font-size:30px;}h2{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#ffffff;font-size:24px;}h3{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#3370a5;font-size:22px;}h4{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;color:#3370a5;font-size:16px;}h5{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#ffffff;font-size:22px;}h6{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;color:#102140;font-size:16px;}.title-bordered h2{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#3370a5;font-size:32px;}.title-decorated h2{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;line-height:32px;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#ffffff;font-size:32px;}.page-header .breadcrumb li, .page-header .breadcrumb li a{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-size:16px;}.page-header.page-header__standard h1{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#ffffff;font-size:35px;}.gallery-item .gallery-caption h3{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;line-height:24px;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#3370a6;font-size:20px;}.post-heading h1, .post-heading h2, .post-heading h2 a{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;line-height:32px;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#3370a5;font-size:26px;}.widget__sidebar .widget-title h3{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#3370a5;font-size:18px;}.widget__footer .widget-title h4{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;color:#f9fcfd;font-size:20px;}.large-header .main-title{font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;color:#3370a5;font-size:92px;}body{background-color:#ffffff;background-repeat:repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-position:center top;background-size:inherit;}.navbar-default{background:#102140;}.affix.navbar-default{background:rgba(16,33,64,0.8);}.page-header-inner{background-color:#9b9b9b;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-position:center top;background-size:cover;}.footer-wrap{background-color:#16263d;background-repeat:repeat;background-attachment:scroll;background-position:center top;background-image:url('https://aura.dev/wp-content/themes/tjoy/images/pattern.gif');background-size:inherit;}</style><noscript><style id="rocket-lazyload-nojs-css">.rll-youtube-player, [data-lazy-src]{display:none !important;}</style></noscript>
<!-- Custom CSS -->
<style>
.home-initiatives .widget-posts-list > li .post-title {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.grecaptcha-badge { 
visibility: hidden; 
}

h1,h2 {
    letter-spacing: 0px;
    opacity:.9;
}

.title-bordered {
    text-transform:uppercase;
}

.fullwidth-wrapper.fullwidth-wrapper__parallax:after {
    background: none;
    
}

#slide-12-layer-7 img {
    opacity: 0.8;
}


@media (max-width: 768px) {
.posts-list__horizontal.posts-list__3cols li {
    float: left;
    width: 100% !important;
}

h4{
    line-height: 14px;
}
    
}</style>
	<meta name="google-site-verification" content="pxXVYMoYlXeXdILY1XVXvHsw6Hriq93eDXmANme9dIg" />
	<!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> 
	<script async src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-N1QVJ4H65L></script> 
	<script> 
	window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; 
	function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} 
	gtag('js', new Date()); 
	 
	gtag('config', 'G-N1QVJ4H65L'); 
	</script>

</head>

<body data-rsssl=1 class="home page-template page-template-page_templates page-template-homewithstats page-template-page_templateshomewithstats-php page page-id-181 group-blog cookies-not-set">
	<div class="top-wrapper">

		<!-- Header
		================================================== -->
		<div class="navbar-wrapper">
			<header class="navbar navbar-default navbar-top" id="navbar">
				<div class="container">

					<div class="navbar-header">

						
							<!-- Logo Standard -->
							<a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/" class="logo-standard" rel="home"><img width="175" height="56" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20175%2056'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="logo-standard__light" alt="AURA Astronomy" title="Welcome to AURA" data-lazy-src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/aura-logo-1.png" /><noscript><img width="175" height="56" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/aura-logo-1.png" class="logo-standard__light" alt="AURA Astronomy" title="Welcome to AURA" /></noscript>
							<img width="175" height="56" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20175%2056'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="logo-standard__dark" alt="AURA Astronomy" title="Welcome to AURA" data-lazy-src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/aura-logo-1.png" /><noscript><img width="175" height="56" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/aura-logo-1.png" class="logo-standard__dark" alt="AURA Astronomy" title="Welcome to AURA" /></noscript>
							</a>

											</div><!-- .navbar-header -->

					<div class="navbar-collapse-holder">

						
						<div class="clearfix">
							<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle">
								<span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
								<span class="icon-bar"></span>
								<span class="icon-bar"></span>
								<span class="icon-bar"></span>
								<span class="icon-bar"></span>
							</button>

							<div class="menu-menu-1-container"><ul data-breakpoint="992" id="menu-menu-1" class="flexnav"><li id="menu-item-3619" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3619"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/">Centers</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
	<li id="menu-item-5398" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-5398"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/">NSF NOIRLab</a>
	<ul class="sub-menu">
		<li id="menu-item-5402" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5402"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/cerro-tololo-observatory/">Cerro Tololo</a></li>
		<li id="menu-item-5409" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5409"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/community-science-data-center/">CSDC</a></li>
		<li id="menu-item-4117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4117"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/gemini-observatory/">Gemini</a></li>
		<li id="menu-item-5417" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5417"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/kitt-peak-national-observatory/">Kitt Peak</a></li>
		<li id="menu-item-4118" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4118"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/rubinobservatory/">Rubin Observatory</a></li>
	</ul>
</li>
	<li id="menu-item-4116" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4116"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/national-solar-observatory-2/">NSF NSO</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-4115" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4115"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/space-telescope-science-institute/">STScI</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-4199" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4199"><a>News</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
	<li id="menu-item-4185" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4185"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/science-news/">Science News</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-4198" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4198"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/aura-updates/">AURA News</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-5216" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5216"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blogs/">Blogs</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-3548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3548"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/">About</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
	<li id="menu-item-4492" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4492"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/leadership/">Leadership</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-3673" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3673"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/governance-c/">AURA Board of Directors</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-8859" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8859"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/councils-and-committees/">Councils and Committees</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-3671" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3671"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/membership/">Membership</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-4221" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4221"><a>Resources</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
	<li id="menu-item-4228" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4228"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/contact/">Contact</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-8024" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8024"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/education-resources/">Education Resources</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-4238" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4238"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/events/">Meetings</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-9028" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9028"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/policies/">Policies</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-4819" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4819"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/for-employees/">For Employees</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-4796" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4796"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/media/">Media</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-9747" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9747"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/bid-opportunities/">Bid Opportunities</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-8548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8548"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/community-resources/">US-ELTP Resource Center</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-4212" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-4212"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/careers/">Careers</a>
<ul class="sub-menu">
	<li id="menu-item-4639" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4639"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/careers/how-to-apply/">How to Apply</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-4638" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4638"><a href="https://recruiting2.ultipro.com/SPA1004AURA/JobBoard/57b96f30-6a4b-42cc-8f73-d417a17b54e9/?q=&#038;o=postedDateDesc">Job Opportunities</a></li>
	<li id="menu-item-9627" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9627"><a href="https://recruiting2.ultipro.com/SPA1004AURA/JobBoard/93330e50-7b3a-4ba8-94f2-6f32360aa4e1/?q=&#038;o=postedDateDesc">STScI Job Opportunities</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="menu-item-7202" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7202"><a href="https://observatorioaura.cl/">AURA-Spanish</a></li>
</ul></div>


						</div>
					</div><!-- .navbar-collapse-holder -->
				</div><!-- .container -->
			</header><!-- #navbar -->
		</div>

		
			
				<div class="tp-banner-holder">
					<div class="tp-banner-holder-inner">
						<div class="tp-banner-container">
						
<div id="rev_slider_7_1_wrapper" class="rev_slider_wrapper fullwidthbanner-container" data-source="gallery" style="margin:0px auto;background:transparent;padding:0px;margin-top:80px;margin-bottom:0px;">
<!-- START REVOLUTION SLIDER 5.4.8 fullwidth mode -->
	<div id="rev_slider_7_1" class="rev_slider fullwidthabanner" style="display:none;" data-version="5.4.8">
<ul>	<!-- SLIDE  -->
	<li data-index="rs-33" data-transition="fade" data-slotamount="default" data-hideafterloop="0" data-hideslideonmobile="off"  data-easein="default" data-easeout="default" data-masterspeed="300"  data-thumb="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/AURAwebsitemontageNEW2560x1000-100x50.jpg"  data-rotate="0"  data-saveperformance="off"  data-title="Slide" data-param1="" data-param2="" data-param3="" data-param4="" data-param5="" data-param6="" data-param7="" data-param8="" data-param9="" data-param10="" data-description="">
		<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->
		<img src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/AURAwebsitemontageNEW2560x1000.jpg"  alt="Montage of AURA ground based and space telescopes" title="AURAwebsitemontageNEW2560x1000"  width="2560" height="1000" data-bgposition="center center" data-bgfit="cover" data-bgrepeat="no-repeat" class="rev-slidebg" data-no-retina>
		<!-- LAYERS -->

		<!-- LAYER NR. 1 -->
		<div class="tp-caption largewhitebg   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-33-layer-4" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="" 
			 data-y="31" 
						data-width="['415']"
			data-height="['auto']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":100,"speed":360,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[20,20,20,20]"
			data-paddingbottom="[,,,]"
			data-paddingleft="[,,,]"

			style="z-index: 5; min-width: 415px; max-width: 415px; white-space: normal; font-size: 35px; line-height: 44px; font-weight: 100; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: ;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;background-color:transparent;border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;">AURA&#146;s Centers enable the next decade of astronomical discoveries through world-class facilities and science </div>
	</li>
	<!-- SLIDE  -->
	<li data-index="rs-38" data-transition="fade" data-slotamount="default" data-hideafterloop="0" data-hideslideonmobile="off"  data-easein="default" data-easeout="default" data-masterspeed="300"  data-thumb="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/DKIST2560x10002x-100x50.jpg"  data-rotate="0"  data-saveperformance="off"  data-title="Slide" data-param1="" data-param2="" data-param3="" data-param4="" data-param5="" data-param6="" data-param7="" data-param8="" data-param9="" data-param10="" data-description="">
		<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->
		<img src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/DKIST2560x10002x.jpg"  alt="" title="DKIST2560x10002x"  width="2560" height="1000" data-bgposition="center center" data-bgfit="cover" data-bgrepeat="no-repeat" class="rev-slidebg" data-no-retina>
		<!-- LAYERS -->

		<!-- LAYER NR. 2 -->
		<div class="tp-caption tp-shape tp-shapewrapper  tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-38-layer-3" 
			 data-x="72" 
			 data-y="" 
						data-width="['525']"
			data-height="['452']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="shape" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 5;font-family:Open Sans;background-color:rgba(16,33,64,0.5);"> </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 3 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-38-layer-1" 
			 data-x="128" 
			 data-y="190" 
						data-width="['406']"
			data-height="['175']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 6; min-width: 406px; max-width: 406px; max-width: 175px; max-width: 175px; white-space: normal; font-size: 28px; line-height: 38px; font-weight: 100; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Advancing our knowledge of the Sun and operation of the largest and most advanced solar telescope in the world </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 4 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-38-layer-2" 
			 data-x="82" 
			 data-y="36" 
						data-width="['503']"
			data-height="['229']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 7; min-width: 503px; max-width: 503px; max-width: 229px; max-width: 229px; white-space: normal; font-size: 60px; line-height: 70px; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NSF National Solar Observatory </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 5 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-38-layer-5" 
			 data-x="658" 
			 data-y="bottom" data-voffset="" 
						data-width="['374']"
			data-height="['33']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 8; min-width: 374px; max-width: 374px; max-width: 33px; max-width: 33px; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 20px; line-height: 22px; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(0,0,0,1); letter-spacing: ;font-family:Open Sans;">Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 6 -->
		<div class="tp-caption rev-btn  tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-38-layer-6" 
			 data-x="238" 
			 data-y="372" 
						data-width="['182']"
			data-height="['42']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="button" 
			data-actions='[{"event":"click","action":"simplelink","target":"_self","url":"\/centers\/national-solar-observatory-2\/","delay":""}]'
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"frame":"hover","speed":"0","ease":"Linear.easeNone","to":"o:1;rX:0;rY:0;rZ:0;z:0;","style":"c:rgba(0,0,0,1);bg:rgba(255,255,255,1);bc:rgba(0,0,0,1);bw:0 0 0 0;"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[10,10,10,10]"
			data-paddingright="[30,30,30,30]"
			data-paddingbottom="[10,10,10,10]"
			data-paddingleft="[30,30,30,30]"

			style="z-index: 9; min-width: 182px; max-width: 182px; max-width: 42px; max-width: 42px; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 17px; line-height: 17px; font-weight: 500; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: ;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-radius:30px 30px 30px 30px;outline:none;box-shadow:none;box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;">About NSO </div>
	</li>
	<!-- SLIDE  -->
	<li data-index="rs-36" data-transition="fade" data-slotamount="default" data-hideafterloop="0" data-hideslideonmobile="off"  data-easein="default" data-easeout="default" data-masterspeed="300"  data-thumb="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/AURA-SlideShow1-100x50.jpg"  data-rotate="0"  data-saveperformance="off"  data-title="Slide" data-param1="" data-param2="" data-param3="" data-param4="" data-param5="" data-param6="" data-param7="" data-param8="" data-param9="" data-param10="" data-description="">
		<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->
		<img src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/AURA-SlideShow1.jpg"  alt="NSF's OIR Lab" title="AURA-SlideShow1"  width="2560" height="1000" data-bgposition="center center" data-bgfit="cover" data-bgrepeat="no-repeat" class="rev-slidebg" data-no-retina>
		<!-- LAYERS -->

		<!-- LAYER NR. 7 -->
		<div class="tp-caption tp-shape tp-shapewrapper  tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-36-layer-3" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="" 
			 data-y="-25" 
						data-width="['604']"
			data-height="['342']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="shape" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 5;font-family:Open Sans;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.5);"> </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 8 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-36-layer-1" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="" 
			 data-y="7" 
						data-width="['571']"
			data-height="['auto']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 6; min-width: 571px; max-width: 571px; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 80px; line-height: 120px; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NSF NOIRLab </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 9 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-36-layer-2" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="5" 
			 data-y="118" 
						data-width="['472']"
			data-height="['auto']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 7; min-width: 472px; max-width: 472px; white-space: normal; font-size: 50px; line-height: 55px; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Discovering Our Universe Together </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 10 -->
		<div class="tp-caption rev-btn  tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-36-layer-6" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="" 
			 data-y="center" data-voffset="15" 
						data-width="['234']"
			data-height="['auto']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="button" 
			data-actions='[{"event":"click","action":"simplelink","target":"_self","url":"\/centers\/nsfs-oir-lab\/","delay":""}]'
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"frame":"hover","speed":"0","ease":"Linear.easeNone","to":"o:1;rX:0;rY:0;rZ:0;z:0;","style":"c:rgba(0,0,0,1);bg:rgba(255,255,255,1);bc:rgba(0,0,0,1);bw:0 0 0 0;"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[12,12,12,12]"
			data-paddingright="[35,35,35,35]"
			data-paddingbottom="[12,12,12,12]"
			data-paddingleft="[35,35,35,35]"

			style="z-index: 8; min-width: 234px; max-width: 234px; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 17px; line-height: 17px; font-weight: 500; color: rgba(255,255,255,1); letter-spacing: px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-radius:30px 30px 30px 30px;outline:none;box-shadow:none;box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;">About NOIRLab </div>
	</li>
	<!-- SLIDE  -->
	<li data-index="rs-42" data-transition="fade" data-slotamount="default" data-hideafterloop="0" data-hideslideonmobile="off"  data-easein="default" data-easeout="default" data-masterspeed="300"  data-thumb="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/STScI2560x1000-2x-100x50.jpg"  data-rotate="0"  data-saveperformance="off"  data-title="Slide" data-param1="" data-param2="" data-param3="" data-param4="" data-param5="" data-param6="" data-param7="" data-param8="" data-param9="" data-param10="" data-description="">
		<!-- MAIN IMAGE -->
		<img src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/STScI2560x1000-2x.jpg"  alt="" title="STScI2560x1000-2x"  width="2560" height="1000" data-bgposition="center center" data-bgfit="cover" data-bgrepeat="no-repeat" class="rev-slidebg" data-no-retina>
		<!-- LAYERS -->

		<!-- LAYER NR. 11 -->
		<div class="tp-caption tp-shape tp-shapewrapper  tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-42-layer-1" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="-1" 
			 data-y="" 
						data-width="['429']"
			data-height="['442']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="shape" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['inherit','inherit','inherit','inherit']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 5;font-family:Open Sans;background-color:rgba(16,33,64,0.50);"> </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 12 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-42-layer-2" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="-4" 
			 data-y="24" 
						data-width="['379']"
			data-height="['auto']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 6; min-width: 379px; max-width: 379px; white-space: normal; font-size: 48px; line-height: 58px; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(255,255,255,1);font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Space Telescope Science Institute </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 13 -->
		<div class="tp-caption   tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-42-layer-3" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="" 
			 data-y="157" 
						data-width="['319']"
			data-height="['auto']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="text" 
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingright="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingbottom="[0,0,0,0]"
			data-paddingleft="[0,0,0,0]"

			style="z-index: 7; min-width: 319px; max-width: 319px; white-space: normal; font-size: 26px; line-height: 34px; font-weight: 400; color: rgba(255,255,255,1);font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Helping humanity explore the universe with advanced space telescopes and ever-growing data archives </div>

		<!-- LAYER NR. 14 -->
		<div class="tp-caption rev-btn  tp-resizeme" 
			 id="slide-42-layer-5" 
			 data-x="center" data-hoffset="-1" 
			 data-y="339" 
						data-width="['182']"
			data-height="['42']"
			data-visibility="['on','on','on','off']"
 
			data-type="button" 
			data-actions='[{"event":"click","action":"simplelink","target":"_self","url":"\/centers\/space-telescope-science-institute\/","delay":""}]'
			data-responsive_offset="on" 

			data-frames='[{"delay":0,"speed":300,"frame":"0","from":"opacity:0;","to":"o:1;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"delay":"wait","speed":300,"frame":"999","to":"opacity:0;","ease":"Power3.easeInOut"},{"frame":"hover","speed":"0","ease":"Linear.easeNone","to":"o:1;rX:0;rY:0;rZ:0;z:0;","style":"c:rgba(16,33,64,1);bg:rgba(255,255,255,1);bc:rgba(0,0,0,1);bw:0 0 0 0;"}]'
			data-textAlign="['center','center','center','center']"
			data-paddingtop="[12,12,12,12]"
			data-paddingright="[35,35,35,35]"
			data-paddingbottom="[12,12,12,12]"
			data-paddingleft="[35,35,35,35]"

			style="z-index: 8; min-width: 182px; max-width: 182px; max-width: 42px; max-width: 42px; white-space: nowrap; font-size: 17px; line-height: 17px; font-weight: 500; color: rgba(255,255,255,1);font-family:Roboto;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);border-style:solid;border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px;border-radius:30px 30px 30px 30px;outline:none;box-shadow:none;box-sizing:border-box;-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;cursor:pointer;">About STScI </div>
	</li>
</ul>
<script>var htmlDiv = document.getElementById("rs-plugin-settings-inline-css"); var htmlDivCss="";
						if(htmlDiv) {
							htmlDiv.innerHTML = htmlDiv.innerHTML + htmlDivCss;
						}else{
							var htmlDiv = document.createElement("div");
							htmlDiv.innerHTML = "<style>" + htmlDivCss + "</style>";
							document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(htmlDiv.childNodes[0]);
						}
					</script>
<div class="tp-bannertimer tp-bottom" style="visibility: hidden !important;"></div>	</div>
<script>var htmlDiv = document.getElementById("rs-plugin-settings-inline-css"); var htmlDivCss=".tp-caption.largewhitebg,.largewhitebg{color:#000;font-weight:300;font-size:50px;line-height:70px;font-family:\"Open Sans\";background-color:#fff;border-radius:0px;position:absolute;text-shadow:none;-webkit-border-radius:0px;-moz-border-radius:0px}";
				if(htmlDiv) {
					htmlDiv.innerHTML = htmlDiv.innerHTML + htmlDivCss;
				}else{
					var htmlDiv = document.createElement("div");
					htmlDiv.innerHTML = "<style>" + htmlDivCss + "</style>";
					document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(htmlDiv.childNodes[0]);
				}
			</script>
		<script type="text/javascript">
if (setREVStartSize!==undefined) setREVStartSize(
	{c: '#rev_slider_7_1', gridwidth: [1280], gridheight: [500], sliderLayout: 'fullwidth'});
			
var revapi7,
	tpj;	
(function() {			
	if (!/loaded|interactive|complete/.test(document.readyState)) document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",onLoad); else onLoad();	
	function onLoad() {				
		if (tpj===undefined) { tpj = jQuery; if("off" == "on") tpj.noConflict();}
	if(tpj("#rev_slider_7_1").revolution == undefined){
		revslider_showDoubleJqueryError("#rev_slider_7_1");
	}else{
		revapi7 = tpj("#rev_slider_7_1").show().revolution({
			sliderType:"standard",
			jsFileLocation:"//www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/revslider/public/assets/js/",
			sliderLayout:"fullwidth",
			dottedOverlay:"none",
			delay:10000,
			navigation: {
				keyboardNavigation:"off",
				keyboard_direction: "horizontal",
				mouseScrollNavigation:"off",
 							mouseScrollReverse:"default",
				onHoverStop:"on",
				touch:{
					touchenabled:"on",
					touchOnDesktop:"off",
					swipe_threshold: 75,
					swipe_min_touches: 1,
					swipe_direction: "horizontal",
					drag_block_vertical: false
				}
				,
				arrows: {
					style:"uranus",
					enable:true,
					hide_onmobile:false,
					hide_onleave:false,
					tmp:'',
					left: {
						h_align:"left",
						v_align:"center",
						h_offset:20,
						v_offset:0
					},
					right: {
						h_align:"right",
						v_align:"center",
						h_offset:20,
						v_offset:0
					}
				}
			},
			visibilityLevels:[1240,1024,778,480],
			gridwidth:1280,
			gridheight:500,
			lazyType:"none",
			shadow:0,
			spinner:"spinner0",
			stopLoop:"off",
			stopAfterLoops:-1,
			stopAtSlide:-1,
			shuffle:"off",
			autoHeight:"on",
			disableProgressBar:"on",
			hideThumbsOnMobile:"off",
			hideSliderAtLimit:0,
			hideCaptionAtLimit:0,
			hideAllCaptionAtLilmit:0,
			debugMode:false,
			fallbacks: {
				simplifyAll:"off",
				nextSlideOnWindowFocus:"off",
				disableFocusListener:false,
			}
		});
	}; /* END OF revapi call */
	
 }; /* END OF ON LOAD FUNCTION */
}()); /* END OF WRAPPING FUNCTION */
</script>
		<script>
					var htmlDivCss = unescape("%23rev_slider_7_1%20.uranus.tparrows%20%7B%0A%20%20width%3A50px%3B%0A%20%20height%3A50px%3B%0A%20%20background%3Argba%28255%2C255%2C255%2C0%29%3B%0A%20%7D%0A%20%23rev_slider_7_1%20.uranus.tparrows%3Abefore%20%7B%0A%20width%3A50px%3B%0A%20height%3A50px%3B%0A%20line-height%3A50px%3B%0A%20font-size%3A40px%3B%0A%20transition%3Aall%200.3s%3B%0A-webkit-transition%3Aall%200.3s%3B%0A%20%7D%0A%20%0A%20%20%23rev_slider_7_1%20.uranus.tparrows%3Ahover%3Abefore%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20opacity%3A0.75%3B%0A%20%20%7D%0A");
					var htmlDiv = document.getElementById('rs-plugin-settings-inline-css');
					if(htmlDiv) {
						htmlDiv.innerHTML = htmlDiv.innerHTML + htmlDivCss;
					}
					else{
						var htmlDiv = document.createElement('div');
						htmlDiv.innerHTML = '<style>' + htmlDivCss + '</style>';
						document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(htmlDiv.childNodes[0]);
					}
				  </script>
				</div><!-- END REVOLUTION SLIDER -->					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			
		
	</div><!-- .top-wrapper -->

    
	<!-- Content
	================================================== -->
	<main class="main-content" id="content">
		<div class="container">

    <!-- Content -->
    <div id="post-181" class="page post-181 type-page status-publish hentry">
        
 
 
 <div data-animation="fadeInDown" data-animation-delay="0">

<div class="title-bordered"><div class="title-inner"><h2> <a href="/science-news">SCIENCE NEWS</a> </h2></div></div>
<div class="pt-cv-wrapper"><div class="pt-cv-view pt-cv-grid pt-cv-colsys pt-cv-same-height pt-cv-mobile pt-cv-mobile-tablet" id="pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v"><div data-id="pt-cv-page-1" class="pt-cv-page" data-cvc="3" data-cvct="2" data-cvcm="1"><div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="9716"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/28/nasa-webb-pushes-boundaries-of-observable-universe-closer-to-big-bang/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd cvp-responsive-image img-none" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198"><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/Webb-MOM-2000x834-1-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none skip-lazy  no-lazyload " alt="A wide field of view showing deep space, dotted with many small galaxies and a few foreground stars that display six diffraction spikes. One galaxy is highlighted with a magnified image in a graphic pull-out box in the lower right corner. The galaxy is labeled MoM-z14 and appears as a blurry yellow blob with a small red area at its top." decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" data-no-lazy="1" /></a>
<h4 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/28/nasa-webb-pushes-boundaries-of-observable-universe-closer-to-big-bang/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198">NASA Webb Pushes Boundaries of Observable Universe Closer to Big Bang</a></h4></div></div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="9720"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/22/dark-energy-survey-scientists-release-analysis-of-all-six-years-of-survey-data/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd cvp-responsive-image img-none" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198"><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/noirlab2603a-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none skip-lazy  no-lazyload " alt="A black background is filled with stars -small and large glowing white, red, yellow and blue." decoding="async" data-no-lazy="1" /></a>
<h4 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/22/dark-energy-survey-scientists-release-analysis-of-all-six-years-of-survey-data/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198">Dark Energy Survey Scientists Release Analysis of All Six Years of Survey Data</a></h4></div></div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="9723"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/21/massive-cloud-with-metallic-winds-discovered-orbiting-mystery-object/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd cvp-responsive-image img-none" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198"><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/noirlab2602a-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none skip-lazy  no-lazyload " alt="Artist illustration of a yellow star with rungs around it. to the tight of the star is a orange cloud." decoding="async" data-no-lazy="1" /></a>
<h4 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/21/massive-cloud-with-metallic-winds-discovered-orbiting-mystery-object/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198">Massive Cloud With Metallic Winds Discovered Orbiting Mystery Object</a></h4></div></div></div></div></div>			<style type="text/css" id="pt-cv-inline-style-0deab19ln7">#pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v .pt-cv-title a, #pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v  .panel-title { line-height: 1.5 !important; }
#pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v .pt-cv-readmore  { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }
#pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v .pt-cv-readmore:hover  { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }
#pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v  + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper .pt-cv-more , #pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v  + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper .pagination .active a, .pt-cv-pagination[data-sid='2f4aa45f4v'] .active a { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }
#pt-cv-view-2f4aa45f4v .cvp-responsive-image[style*="background-image"] { width: 348px; height: 198px; }</style>
			

<div class="title-bordered"><div class="title-inner"><h2> <a href="/aura-updates" style="display: block; margin-top: 40px;">AURA NEWS</a> </h2></div></div>
<div class="pt-cv-wrapper"><div class="pt-cv-view pt-cv-grid pt-cv-colsys pt-cv-mobile pt-cv-mobile-tablet" id="pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n"><div data-id="pt-cv-page-1" class="pt-cv-page" data-cvc="3"><div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="9726"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/28/30-years-of-gong-the-enduring-legacy-of-the-u-s-national-science-foundation-national-solar-observatory-solar-monitoring-network/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd cvp-responsive-image img-none" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198"><img width="348" height="198" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20348%20198'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none" alt="Illustration of a bright yellow Sun on a dark starry background. The left side is cutaway revealing its inner structure in a red and blue pattern. A quarter is cut away more to reveal the inner core." decoding="async" data-lazy-src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/helioseismology-interior-graphic2-348x198.jpg" /><noscript><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/helioseismology-interior-graphic2-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none" alt="Illustration of a bright yellow Sun on a dark starry background. The left side is cutaway revealing its inner structure in a red and blue pattern. A quarter is cut away more to reveal the inner core." decoding="async" /></noscript></a>
<h4 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2026/01/28/30-years-of-gong-the-enduring-legacy-of-the-u-s-national-science-foundation-national-solar-observatory-solar-monitoring-network/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198">30 Years of GONG: The Enduring Legacy of the U.S. National Science Foundation National Solar Observatory Solar Monitoring Network</a></h4></div></div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="9375"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2025/06/13/mark-your-calendars-nsf-doe-vera-c-rubin-observatory-will-unveil-first-look-images-on-23-june-2025/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd cvp-responsive-image img-none" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198"><img width="348" height="198" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20348%20198'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none" alt="NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory First Look unveiling event save-the-date poster." decoding="async" data-lazy-src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/ann25011a-348x198.jpg" /><noscript><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/ann25011a-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none" alt="NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory First Look unveiling event save-the-date poster." decoding="async" /></noscript></a>
<h4 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2025/06/13/mark-your-calendars-nsf-doe-vera-c-rubin-observatory-will-unveil-first-look-images-on-23-june-2025/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198">Mark Your Calendars! NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory Will Unveil First Look Images on 23 June 2025</a></h4></div></div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="9033"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2025/03/12/nsf-doe-vera-c-rubin-observatory-installs-lsst-camera-on-telescope/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd cvp-responsive-image img-none" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198"><img width="348" height="198" src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20348%20198'%3E%3C/svg%3E" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none" alt="The immense digital camera is slowly being moved into place lifted by a yellow lift." decoding="async" data-lazy-src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/noirlab2511q-348x198.jpg" /><noscript><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/noirlab2511q-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none" alt="The immense digital camera is slowly being moved into place lifted by a yellow lift." decoding="async" /></noscript></a>
<h4 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/blog/2025/03/12/nsf-doe-vera-c-rubin-observatory-installs-lsst-camera-on-telescope/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" data-iw="348" data-ih="198">NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory Installs LSST Camera on Telescope</a></h4></div></div></div></div></div>			<style type="text/css" id="pt-cv-inline-style-08cb108pel">#pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n .pt-cv-title a, #pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n  .panel-title { line-height: 1.5 !important; }
#pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n .pt-cv-readmore  { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }
#pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n .pt-cv-readmore:hover  { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }
#pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n  + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper .pt-cv-more , #pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n  + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper .pagination .active a, .pt-cv-pagination[data-sid='3cb3114b5n'] .active a { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }
#pt-cv-view-3cb3114b5n .cvp-responsive-image[style*="background-image"] { width: 348px; height: 198px; }</style>
			

</div>

<div data-bg="/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Nebula.jpg" class="fullwidth-wrapper fullwidth-wrapper__parallax rocket-lazyload" style="" data-stellar-background-ratio="0.2">
<div style="text-shadow: 0 1px 2px black;">
<h2 class="text-center" style="font-size: 36px; line-height: 46px; text-shadow: 0 1px 2px black; opacity: 1;">AURA enables astronomical discovery and promotes broad engagement in exploring the Universe.</h2>

    

</div>
</div>

<div class="title-bordered"><div class="title-inner"><h2> <a href="/centers">CENTERS</a></h2></div></div>

<div class="pt-cv-wrapper"><div class="pt-cv-view pt-cv-grid pt-cv-colsys pt-cv-same-height pt-cv-mobile pt-cv-mobile-tablet" id="pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr"><div data-id="pt-cv-page-1" class="pt-cv-page" data-cvc="3" data-cvct="2" data-cvcm="1"><div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="5394"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd" target="_self" ><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/NOIRLab-Front-Back-Cover-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none skip-lazy  no-lazyload " alt="Montage of the telescopes of NOIRLab with data connecting them" decoding="async" data-no-lazy="1" /></a>
<h1 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" >NSF NOIRLab</a></h1>
<div class="pt-cv-content">The preeminent US national center for ground-based, nighttime optical and infrared astronomy.<br /><div class="pt-cv-rmwrap"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/nsfs-oir-lab/" class="_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success cvplbd" target="_self">Read More</a></div></div></div></div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="3531"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/national-solar-observatory-2/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd" target="_self" ><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/DKIST-with-nice-sun-no-text-348x198.png" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none skip-lazy  no-lazyload " alt="NSF NSO" decoding="async" data-no-lazy="1" /></a>
<h1 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/national-solar-observatory-2/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" >NSF NSO</a></h1>
<div class="pt-cv-content">Advancing knowledge of the Sun, the dominant external influence on Earth and the local archetype of a typical star.<br /><div class="pt-cv-rmwrap"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/national-solar-observatory-2/" class="_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success cvplbd" target="_self">Read More</a></div></div></div></div>
<div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col"  data-pid="3533"><div class='pt-cv-ifield'><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/space-telescope-science-institute/" class="_self pt-cv-href-thumbnail pt-cv-thumb-default cvplbd" target="_self" ><img width="348" height="198" src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/STScI-H-spacecraft28-3156x2327-348x198.jpg" class="pt-cv-thumbnail img-none skip-lazy  no-lazyload " alt="STScI" decoding="async" data-no-lazy="1" /></a>
<h1 class="pt-cv-title"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/space-telescope-science-institute/" class="_self cvplbd" target="_self" >STScI</a></h1>
<div class="pt-cv-content">Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) is a multi-mission operations center for NASA’s flagship observatories and a world-class astronomical research center.<br /><div class="pt-cv-rmwrap"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/space-telescope-science-institute/" class="_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success cvplbd" target="_self">Read More</a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>			<style type="text/css" id="pt-cv-inline-style-a501f35rle">#pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr .pt-cv-title a, #pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr  .panel-title { font-weight: 600 !important; display: block !important; text-align: center !important; clear: both !important; }
#pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr .pt-cv-readmore  { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #0b8dbe !important; }
#pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr .pt-cv-readmore:hover  { color: #0b8dbe !important; background-color: #ffffff !important; }
#pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr  + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper .pt-cv-more , #pt-cv-view-f46e2640kr  + .pt-cv-pagination-wrapper .pagination .active a, .pt-cv-pagination[data-sid='f46e2640kr'] .active a { color: #ffffff !important; background-color: #00aeef !important; }</style>
			

        
    </div><!--// Page -->
        <!-- /Content -->


</div>
</main><!-- #content -->

<!-- Footer
================================================== -->
<div class="footer-wrap">


    <!-- Footer -->
                    <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo">

            <div class="container">

                <!-- Widgets -->
                <section class="footer-widgets">
                    <div class="row">
                        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-4 col-md-4">
                            <aside id="social_links-widget-2" class="widget widget__footer social_links"><div class="widget-title"><h4>Follow AURA</h4></div>		<ul class="social-list social-list__footer list-unstyled">
						<li>
				<a href="https://www.facebook.com/AURA-266403886926/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook"></i></a>
			</li>
			
						<li>
				<a href="https://twitter.com/AURADC" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-twitter"></i></a>
			</li>
			
						<li>
				<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/association-of-universities-for-research-in-astronomy/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-linkedin"></i></a>
			</li>
						
			
			
						<li>
				<a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmOQVtia5yfPT2jT8iKWW9A" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-youtube"></i></a>
			</li>
			
						<li>
				<a href="https://www.instagram.com/auraastronomy/" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-instagram"></i></i></a>
			</li>
			
			
						
						
		</ul>
		</aside><aside id="block-7" class="widget widget__footer widget_block widget_text">
<p>Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed on this website do not necessarily reflect the views of our funders.</p>
</aside><aside id="contacts_info-widget-1" class="widget widget__footer contacts_info"><div class="widget-title"><h4>Contact:</h4></div>		<ul class="contacts_info-list list-unstyled">
						<li>
				<i class="fa fa-map-marker"></i>Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, 1331 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20004			</li>
									<li>
				<i class="fa fa-phone"></i>
								Tel: (202) 483-2101				<br>
								Fax: (202) 483-2106							</li>
									<li>
				<i class="fa fa-envelope"></i>
				<a href="mailto:info@aura-astronomy.org">info@aura-astronomy.org</a><br>
											</li>
						
		</ul>
		</aside>                        </div>


                        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-8 col-md-8">
                            <aside id="search-3" class="widget widget__footer widget_search"><div class="widget-title"><h4>Search</h4></div><!-- Searchform -->
<form method="get" class="search-form clearfix" action="https://www.aura-astronomy.org" >
	<div class="form-group">
		<label for="name" class="sr-only">Search...</label>
		<input id="s" type="text" name="s" onfocus="if(this.value==''){this.value=''};" 
		onblur="if(this.value==''){this.value=''};" class="form-control input-lg" value="" placeholder="Search...">
		<button class="btn btn-primary btn-lg"><i class="fa fa-search"></i></button>
	</div>
</form>
<!-- /Searchform --></aside><aside id="block-4" class="widget widget__footer widget_block"><div class="widget-title"><h4>Sign up for our monthly newsletter to receive the latest AURA science and updates</h4></div><div class="wp-widget-group__inner-blocks">
<div class="wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex">
<div class="wp-block-button is-style-outline"><a class="wp-block-button__link wp-element-button" href="http://eepurl.com/hxF3Yz">Sign up</a></div>
</div>
</div></aside><aside id="block-6" class="widget widget__footer widget_block widget_text">
<p></p>
</aside>                            <div class="footer-nav text-right">

                                <div class="menu-footer-container"><ul data-breakpoint="992" id="menu-footer" class="flexnav"><li id="menu-item-3684" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home current-menu-item page_item page-item-181 current_page_item menu-item-3684 active"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/" aria-current="page">Home</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-3682" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3682"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/centers/">Centers</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-3678" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3678"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/about/">About</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-4217" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4217"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/careers/">Careers</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-4839" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4839"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/media/">Media</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-4531" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-4531"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-5980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5980"><a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/employee-portal/">Employee Portal</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-4659" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-4659"><a href="https://directory.aura-astronomy.org">Staff Directory</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-7203" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7203"><a href="https://observatorioaura.cl">AURA Spanish site</a></li>
</ul></div>                            </div>

                        </div>


                    </div>
                </section>
                <!-- Widgets / End-->

            </div>
        </footer>
        <!-- Footer / End -->
    
            <div class="footer-widget-copyright">

            <div class="container">
                                    <!-- Logo Standard -->
                    <a href="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/" class="footer-logo-img" rel="home"><img width="175" height="56"
                                src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20175%2056'%3E%3C/svg%3E" alt="AURA Astronomy"
                                title="Welcome to AURA" data-lazy-src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/aura-logo-1.png"/><noscript><img width="175" height="56"
                                src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/aura-logo-1.png" alt="AURA Astronomy"
                                title="Welcome to AURA"/></noscript></a>
                
                AURA is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization        © 2026 Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy            </div>

        </div>
    
</div>

<!-- Global Site Tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GA_TRACKING_ID"></script>
<script>
  window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
  function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
  gtag('js', new Date());

  gtag('config', 'UA-15610736-1');
</script>																		
			<script type="text/javascript">window.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
				function revslider_showDoubleJqueryError(sliderID) {
					var errorMessage = "Revolution Slider Error: You have some jquery.js library include that comes after the revolution files js include.";
					errorMessage += "<br> This includes make eliminates the revolution slider libraries, and make it not work.";
					errorMessage += "<br><br> To fix it you can:<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1. In the Slider Settings -> Troubleshooting set option:  <strong><b>Put JS Includes To Body</b></strong> option to true.";
					errorMessage += "<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2. Find the double jquery.js include and remove it.";
					errorMessage = "<span style='font-size:16px;color:#BC0C06;'>" + errorMessage + "</span>";
						jQuery(sliderID).show().html(errorMessage);
				}
			});</script>
			<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js?ver=5.8.1' id='swv-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='contact-form-7-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var wpcf7 = {"api":{"root":"https:\/\/www.aura-astronomy.org\/wp-json\/","namespace":"contact-form-7\/v1"},"cached":"1"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js?ver=5.8.1' id='contact-form-7-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='pt-cv-content-views-script-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var PT_CV_PUBLIC = {"_prefix":"pt-cv-","page_to_show":"5","_nonce":"7ac9f030ec","is_admin":"","is_mobile":"1","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.aura-astronomy.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","lang":"","loading_image_src":"data:image\/gif;base64,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","is_mobile_tablet":"1","sf_no_post_found":"No posts found.","lf__separator":","};
var PT_CV_PAGINATION = {"first":"\u00ab","prev":"\u2039","next":"\u203a","last":"\u00bb","goto_first":"Go to first page","goto_prev":"Go to previous page","goto_next":"Go to next page","goto_last":"Go to last page","current_page":"Current page is","goto_page":"Go to page"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/content-views-query-and-display-post-page/public/assets/js/cv.js?ver=3.5.0' id='pt-cv-content-views-script-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/pt-content-views-pro/public/assets/js/cvpro.min.js?ver=5.8.9' id='pt-cv-public-pro-script-js' defer></script>
<script id="rocket-browser-checker-js-after" type="text/javascript">
"use strict";var _createClass=function(){function defineProperties(target,props){for(var i=0;i<props.length;i++){var descriptor=props[i];descriptor.enumerable=descriptor.enumerable||!1,descriptor.configurable=!0,"value"in descriptor&&(descriptor.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(target,descriptor.key,descriptor)}}return function(Constructor,protoProps,staticProps){return protoProps&&defineProperties(Constructor.prototype,protoProps),staticProps&&defineProperties(Constructor,staticProps),Constructor}}();function _classCallCheck(instance,Constructor){if(!(instance instanceof Constructor))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker=function(){function RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker(options){_classCallCheck(this,RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker),this.passiveSupported=!1,this._checkPassiveOption(this),this.options=!!this.passiveSupported&&options}return _createClass(RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker,[{key:"_checkPassiveOption",value:function(self){try{var options={get passive(){return!(self.passiveSupported=!0)}};window.addEventListener("test",null,options),window.removeEventListener("test",null,options)}catch(err){self.passiveSupported=!1}}},{key:"initRequestIdleCallback",value:function(){!1 in window&&(window.requestIdleCallback=function(cb){var start=Date.now();return setTimeout(function(){cb({didTimeout:!1,timeRemaining:function(){return Math.max(0,50-(Date.now()-start))}})},1)}),!1 in window&&(window.cancelIdleCallback=function(id){return clearTimeout(id)})}},{key:"isDataSaverModeOn",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&!0===navigator.connection.saveData}},{key:"supportsLinkPrefetch",value:function(){var elem=document.createElement("link");return elem.relList&&elem.relList.supports&&elem.relList.supports("prefetch")&&window.IntersectionObserver&&"isIntersecting"in IntersectionObserverEntry.prototype}},{key:"isSlowConnection",value:function(){return"connection"in navigator&&"effectiveType"in navigator.connection&&("2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType||"slow-2g"===navigator.connection.effectiveType)}}]),RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker}();
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='rocket-preload-links-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var RocketPreloadLinksConfig = {"excludeUris":"\/(?:.+\/)?feed(?:\/(?:.+\/?)?)?$|\/(?:.+\/)?embed\/|\/(index.php\/)?(.*)wp-json(\/.*|$)|\/refer\/|\/go\/|\/recommend\/|\/recommends\/","usesTrailingSlash":"1","imageExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php","fileExt":"jpg|jpeg|gif|png|tiff|bmp|webp|avif|pdf|doc|docx|xls|xlsx|php|html|htm","siteUrl":"https:\/\/www.aura-astronomy.org","onHoverDelay":"100","rateThrottle":"3"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script id="rocket-preload-links-js-after" type="text/javascript">
(function() {
"use strict";var r="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e},e=function(){function i(e,t){for(var n=0;n<t.length;n++){var i=t[n];i.enumerable=i.enumerable||!1,i.configurable=!0,"value"in i&&(i.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,i.key,i)}}return function(e,t,n){return t&&i(e.prototype,t),n&&i(e,n),e}}();function i(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}var t=function(){function n(e,t){i(this,n),this.browser=e,this.config=t,this.options=this.browser.options,this.prefetched=new Set,this.eventTime=null,this.threshold=1111,this.numOnHover=0}return e(n,[{key:"init",value:function(){!this.browser.supportsLinkPrefetch()||this.browser.isDataSaverModeOn()||this.browser.isSlowConnection()||(this.regex={excludeUris:RegExp(this.config.excludeUris,"i"),images:RegExp(".("+this.config.imageExt+")$","i"),fileExt:RegExp(".("+this.config.fileExt+")$","i")},this._initListeners(this))}},{key:"_initListeners",value:function(e){-1<this.config.onHoverDelay&&document.addEventListener("mouseover",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("mousedown",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions),document.addEventListener("touchstart",e.listener.bind(e),e.listenerOptions)}},{key:"listener",value:function(e){var t=e.target.closest("a"),n=this._prepareUrl(t);if(null!==n)switch(e.type){case"mousedown":case"touchstart":this._addPrefetchLink(n);break;case"mouseover":this._earlyPrefetch(t,n,"mouseout")}}},{key:"_earlyPrefetch",value:function(t,e,n){var i=this,r=setTimeout(function(){if(r=null,0===i.numOnHover)setTimeout(function(){return i.numOnHover=0},1e3);else if(i.numOnHover>i.config.rateThrottle)return;i.numOnHover++,i._addPrefetchLink(e)},this.config.onHoverDelay);t.addEventListener(n,function e(){t.removeEventListener(n,e,{passive:!0}),null!==r&&(clearTimeout(r),r=null)},{passive:!0})}},{key:"_addPrefetchLink",value:function(i){return this.prefetched.add(i.href),new Promise(function(e,t){var n=document.createElement("link");n.rel="prefetch",n.href=i.href,n.onload=e,n.onerror=t,document.head.appendChild(n)}).catch(function(){})}},{key:"_prepareUrl",value:function(e){if(null===e||"object"!==(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))||!1 in e||-1===["http:","https:"].indexOf(e.protocol))return null;var t=e.href.substring(0,this.config.siteUrl.length),n=this._getPathname(e.href,t),i={original:e.href,protocol:e.protocol,origin:t,pathname:n,href:t+n};return this._isLinkOk(i)?i:null}},{key:"_getPathname",value:function(e,t){var n=t?e.substring(this.config.siteUrl.length):e;return n.startsWith("/")||(n="/"+n),this._shouldAddTrailingSlash(n)?n+"/":n}},{key:"_shouldAddTrailingSlash",value:function(e){return this.config.usesTrailingSlash&&!e.endsWith("/")&&!this.regex.fileExt.test(e)}},{key:"_isLinkOk",value:function(e){return null!==e&&"object"===(void 0===e?"undefined":r(e))&&(!this.prefetched.has(e.href)&&e.origin===this.config.siteUrl&&-1===e.href.indexOf("?")&&-1===e.href.indexOf("#")&&!this.regex.excludeUris.test(e.href)&&!this.regex.images.test(e.href))}}],[{key:"run",value:function(){"undefined"!=typeof RocketPreloadLinksConfig&&new n(new RocketBrowserCompatibilityChecker({capture:!0,passive:!0}),RocketPreloadLinksConfig).init()}}]),n}();t.run();
}());
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/bootstrap.min.js?ver=3.1' id='bootstrap-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.hoverIntent.minified.js?ver=1.0' id='hoverintent-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.flexnav.min.js?ver=1.0' id='flexnav-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/isotope.pkgd.min.js?ver=2.0.1' id='isotope-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.imagesloaded.min.js?ver=1.0' id='images_loaded-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.fitvids.js?ver=1.1' id='fitvideo-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.flickrfeed.js?ver=1.0' id='flickr-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/owl.carousel.js?ver=1.3.2' id='owlcarousel-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.magnific-popup.min.js?ver=0.9.9' id='magnificpopup-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.appear.js?ver=1.0' id='appear-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.countTo.js?ver=1.0' id='countto-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.stellar.js?ver=1.0' id='parallax_bg-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.circliful.min.js?ver=1.0' id='circliful-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/custom.js?ver=1.0' id='initjs-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/themes/tjoy/js/jquery.match-height.js?ver=1.0' id='match-height-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LcCBfomAAAAAKPiz8Rbp6GY_9Xty0fbDCmV7wFe&#038;ver=3.0' id='google-recaptcha-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill-inert.min.js?ver=3.1.2' id='wp-polyfill-inert-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/regenerator-runtime.min.js?ver=0.13.11' id='regenerator-runtime-js' defer></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-includes/js/dist/vendor/wp-polyfill.min.js?ver=3.15.0' id='wp-polyfill-js'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' id='wpcf7-recaptcha-js-extra'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var wpcf7_recaptcha = {"sitekey":"6LcCBfomAAAAAKPiz8Rbp6GY_9Xty0fbDCmV7wFe","actions":{"homepage":"homepage","contactform":"contactform"}};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/modules/recaptcha/index.js?ver=5.8.1' id='wpcf7-recaptcha-js' defer></script>

		<!-- Cookie Notice plugin v2.4.11 by Hu-manity.co https://hu-manity.co/ -->
		<div id="cookie-notice" role="dialog" class="cookie-notice-hidden cookie-revoke-hidden cn-position-bottom" aria-label="Cookie Notice" style="background-color: rgba(0,0,0,1);"><div class="cookie-notice-container" style="color: #fff"><span id="cn-notice-text" class="cn-text-container">We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.</span><span id="cn-notice-buttons" class="cn-buttons-container"><a href="#" id="cn-accept-cookie" data-cookie-set="accept" class="cn-set-cookie cn-button cn-button-custom button" aria-label="Ok">Ok</a></span><span id="cn-close-notice" data-cookie-set="accept" class="cn-close-icon" title="No"></span></div>
			
		</div>
		<!-- / Cookie Notice plugin --><script>window.lazyLoadOptions=[{elements_selector:"img[data-lazy-src],.rocket-lazyload",data_src:"lazy-src",data_srcset:"lazy-srcset",data_sizes:"lazy-sizes",class_loading:"lazyloading",class_loaded:"lazyloaded",threshold:300,callback_loaded:function(element){if(element.tagName==="IFRAME"&&element.dataset.rocketLazyload=="fitvidscompatible"){if(element.classList.contains("lazyloaded")){if(typeof window.jQuery!="undefined"){if(jQuery.fn.fitVids){jQuery(element).parent().fitVids()}}}}}},{elements_selector:".rocket-lazyload",data_src:"lazy-src",data_srcset:"lazy-srcset",data_sizes:"lazy-sizes",class_loading:"lazyloading",class_loaded:"lazyloaded",threshold:300,}];window.addEventListener('LazyLoad::Initialized',function(e){var lazyLoadInstance=e.detail.instance;if(window.MutationObserver){var observer=new MutationObserver(function(mutations){var image_count=0;var iframe_count=0;var rocketlazy_count=0;mutations.forEach(function(mutation){for(var i=0;i<mutation.addedNodes.length;i++){if(typeof mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName!=='function'){continue}
if(typeof mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByClassName!=='function'){continue}
images=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName('img');is_image=mutation.addedNodes[i].tagName=="IMG";iframes=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByTagName('iframe');is_iframe=mutation.addedNodes[i].tagName=="IFRAME";rocket_lazy=mutation.addedNodes[i].getElementsByClassName('rocket-lazyload');image_count+=images.length;iframe_count+=iframes.length;rocketlazy_count+=rocket_lazy.length;if(is_image){image_count+=1}
if(is_iframe){iframe_count+=1}}});if(image_count>0||iframe_count>0||rocketlazy_count>0){lazyLoadInstance.update()}});var b=document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0];var config={childList:!0,subtree:!0};observer.observe(b,config)}},!1)</script><script data-no-minify="1" async src="https://www.aura-astronomy.org/wp-content/plugins/wp-rocket/assets/js/lazyload/17.8.3/lazyload.min.js"></script></body>
</html>

<!-- This website is like a Rocket, isn't it? Performance optimized by WP Rocket. Learn more: https://wp-rocket.me - Debug: cached@1775852564 -->