TOWARDS A NEW DESTINY

Kwita Izina: Who are the namers for 2022?

2022-09-01T01:46:00.007-07:00

This year marks the 18th edition of Kwita Izina, a ceremony that marks the naming of new born babies.

Held in Kinigi at the foothills of Volcanoes National Park, the namers will join communities living around Volcanoes National Park, the home of the endangered mountain gorillas, as well as rangers, trackers, researchers and friends from around the world to celebrate nature and conservation.

The 20 baby gorillas to be named this year are members of the Noheli, Musilikali, Ntambara, Mutobo, Igisha, Susa, Kureba, Pablo, Sabyinyo, Muhoza, Amahoro, and Hirwa families.

The Prince of Wales (virtually)

Charles, Prince of Wales, is the heir apparent to the British throne as the eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. He has been heir apparent as well as Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay since 1952 and is both the oldest and the longest-serving heir apparent in British history.

He was last in Rwanda in June this year where he had come to attend the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM).

He is known for his passion for conservation.

Louise Mushikiwabo, Secretary-General of the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie

She is the fourth and current Secretary General of La Francophonie. She previously served as Rwanda Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation for nine years from 2009 to 2018. She also served as Government Spokesperson. She had previously been Minister of Information.

Neri Bukspan, Managing Director, Standard & Poor’s Credit Market Service

Neri oversees Standard & Poor’s accounting initiatives through advanced training, internal and external communications, and the establishment of a global internal accounting network.

He supports Standard & Poor’s analysts, as well as CPAs and chartered accountants in the industry analytic teams in addressing the increasing complexity of emerging accounting and financial reporting matters. Neri joined Standard & Poor’s in 2002. Prior to that, he worked with Ernst & Young.

Didier Drogba, Chelsea Football Club Legend

He is an Ivorian retired professional footballer who played as a striker. He is the all-time top scorer and former captain of the Ivory Coast national team. He is best known for his career at Chelsea F.C where he scored more goals than any other foreign player and is currently the club’s fourth highest goal scorer of all time.

Itzhak Fisher, Chairman, Rwanda Development Board

Besides being the board chairman of RDB, Fisher is an Israeli businessman who served as the Founder and General Partner of Pereg Ventures.

He was previously Executive Vice President, Global Business Development at Nielsen Holdings. His responsibilities included strategic business development initiatives as well as all Mergers & Acquisitions and overseeing the Sports Practice. He was co-founder and Chairman of Trendum, before selling the new entity to the Nielsen company.

Kaddu Sebunya, CEO of the African Wildlife Foundation

Sebunya has 25 years of experience in conservation of nature and other related activities. In his work, he has raised a voice for the funding of an African-tailored conservation model.

He previously worked with UNESCO in Paris, Water Aid, Oxfam, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Peace Corps, Conservation International, and Solimar International.

Gilberto Silva, Arsenal Football Club Legend

He is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder most notably for English Premier League club Arsenal, Super League club Panathinaikos F.C., Clube Atlético Mineiro and the Brazil national team.

Thomas Milz, Board Director, Sales and Marketing, Volkswagen Group South Africa & Sub-Saharan Africa

Thomas Milz joined VWSA’s Board of Management in December 2021. He has occupied various positions across the Volkswagen Group since 1997, in a career spanning Germany, USA, the Middle East and Russia. Prior to joining VWSA, he held the title of Director: Volkswagen Passenger Cars Russia and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Countries.

Naomi Schiff, Professional Racing Driver and Presenter

She is a Rwandan-Belgian racing driver and television presenter. She was born in Belgium, to a Belgian father and Rwandan mother, grew up in South Africa, and now lives in the United Kingdom.

She is famously known as a race commentator. In 2020, Schiff was appointed as the diversity and inclusion ambassador for the W Series, and in 2022 she became a presenter for Sky Sports. Schiff began her career in single-seater racing cars at age 16 in 2010 in the Southern African Formula Volkswagen.

Stewart Maginnis, Deputy Director General, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Stewart Maginnis is the Deputy Director General for Programmes in IUCN. Since 2008, he and his team have developed and promoted Nature-based Solutions as a framework for harnessing ecosystem management as a solution to socio-economic challenges. He has worked in sustainable development and biodiversity conservation for 35 years

Uzoamaka Aduba, American actress and three-time Emmy Award winner

Aduba is known for her work on stage and screen which served her five Screen Actors Guild Awards, three Golden Globe Awards nominations and a Tony Award nomination.

The 41-year-old Nigerian actress featured in films like Lightyear (2022), Miss Virgina (2019), and Orange Is the New Black (2013-2019), among others.

Sauti Sol, Musical Band

Sauti Sol is a Kenyan band formed by vocalists Bien-Aimé Baraza, Willis Chimano and Savara Mudigi in 2005. Initially an a cappella group, guitarist Polycarp Otieno joined before they named themselves Sauti Sol.

The band has had several successful tours in Africa and Europe, topped Kenyan charts and gained international attention with shows in Europe and the US, as well as television appearances and various accolades and nominations. They have performed in Rwanda several times and drawn quite an audience.

Juan Pablo Sorin, Paris Saint-Germain Legend

He is an Argentine former footballer and current sports broadcaster, who played as a left-back or left midfielder. He had a successful club career in his native Argentina with River Plate, in Brazil with Cruzeiro, and with various teams in Europe, including Barcelona, Lazio, Paris Saint-Germain and Villarreal.

At international level, he represented Argentina at two FIFA World Cups, and was the captain of Argentine side at the 2006 FIFA World Cup; he also represented his nation in two editions of Copa América.

Dr Evan Antin, renowned veterinarian and television presenter

He is a veterinarian and wildlife conservationist. He studied evolutionary and ecological biology at the University of Colorado.

Youssou N’Dour, Senegalese musician

N’Dour is a Senegalese singer, songwriter, musician, composer, occasional actor, businessman, and politician.

He is also the Former Minister of Tourism of Senegal. The 62-years-old singer is expected to perform at Kwita Izina gala night.

Moses Turahirwa, Founder and Creative Director of Moshions

Turahirwa is the founder of one of the most popular luxury clothing brand in Rwanda, Moshions, and he is known for taking Rwanda’s fashion beyond borders.

SAN FRANCISCO, CA - SEPTEMBER 20: Emerson Collective Founder and President Laurene Powell Jobs speaks onstage during TechCrunch Disrupt SF 2017 at Pier 48 on September 20, 2017 in San Francisco, California. (Photo by Steve Jennings/Getty Images for TechCrunch)

Lauren Powell Jobs, Founder and President of Emerson Collective

Powell is an American billionaire and widow of Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. She invests her fortune in many areas including Emerson Collective, a hybrid investment, social impact and philanthropic firm she founded in 2004.

She inherited billions of dollars of stock in Apple and Disney from her late husband, and she ranks 110th in Forbes billionaire’s list of 2022 with a net worth of $15.1 billion as of August 31.

Cindy Descalzi Pereira, Philanthropist and Chairperson of Global Events Africa

Pereira was last in Rwanda to launch the first edition of Ironman Triathlon, which is one of a series of long distance triathlon races organized by the World Triathlon Corporation.

Ian Clark Wood, Chairman of the Wood Foundation

The Scottish billionaire businessman and philanthropist has a net worth of $1.7 billion, according to Forbes 2022 and is best known for his work in the North Sea oil industry with Wood Group.

Frank I. Luntz, Founder and President, Luntz Global

Luntz is an American political and communications consultant, pollster. He has served as a commentator and analyst on different television news shows.

He is also an author of business books dealing with communication strategies and public opinion.

Salima Mukansanga, Rwandan International Football Referee

Mukansanga is the first Rwandan female referee to officiate at any FIFA World Cup event during the 2018 FIFA U-17 Women’s World Cup in Uruguay.

Arguably the best and most famous female referee the country has ever produced, Mukansanga is one of the three women referees selected to officiate at the FIFA World Cup to be hosted in Qatar.

Credit: The New Times

First Lady graces UGHE’s 7th graduation ceremony

2022-08-29T01:07:00.002-07:00

First Lady Jeannette Kagame, on Sunday August 28, graced the ceremony to confer the seventh cohort of the University of Global Health Equity (UGHE) with a Master of Science in Global Health Delivery (MGHD).

The ceremony took place at the university’s main campus in Butaro, Burera district, in Northern Province.

The institution graduated 44 students coming from 11 countries globally; Burundi, Canada, Ethiopia, India, Lesotho, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, the United States and Zambia.

Each student specialized in one of the three tracks in the programme; Health Management (HM), One Health (OH) or Gender and Sexual Reproductive Health (GSRH) – a new track that was added to the programme last year.

Mrs Kagame who is also the Co-chair of the UGHE Africa Advisory Board, attended the event alongside a number of other dignitaries including Ophelia Dahl, the Board Chair of Partners In Health, Lesley King, UGHE Board Chair, Government officials, representatives from Partners in Health Rwanda, UGHE partners and supporters, graduands and their invited guests as well as UGHE Faculty, staff, students and contractors.

UGHE’s MGHD programmw offers hands-on learning experiences allowing students to witness and tackle health inequity challenges head-on by thoroughly analyzing all social determinants of health that hinder access to healthcare among disadvantaged communities.

First Lady Jeannette Kagame at the 7th graduation of UGHE in Butaro, Burera District on Sunday, August 28.

Under it, the students spend a rigorous year at the university navigating the principles of global health, One Health, epidemiology, global health policy, sexual reproductive health, entrepreneurship, management, gender equity, health finance, anthropology, history, and leadership.

“What fascinated me about UGHE is the fact that the global health sciences university is based in Rwanda and how the One Health Program is developed with a perspective of the community it is meant to serve” said Dr Mahlet Tadesse Admasu, an MGHD 2022 graduand from Ethiopia.

Dr Agnes Binagwaho, UGHE’s Vice Chancellor congratulated the 44 graduands “who will be joining the 175 UGHE alumni who are committed to delivering equitable quality health care to all leaving no one behind.”

She added: “I urge you to build on the diverse global networks that you have gained while at UGHE combined with the knowledge and skills impacted upon you by UGHE’s world class faculty to impact change not only in your home countries but globally.”

This was UGHE’s first in-person graduation ceremony in the past two years, since similar events were held virtually due to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Despite the loss of the University’s Chancellor and Founder, Dr Paul Farmer who passed away in February this year, the students, staff and faculty of UGHE have been resilient in carrying out his legacy.

“I will be a global health professional who leads with intentionality, dignity and integrity”, echoed the MGHD graduands while they together recited their code of honor as their ultimate pledge to serving their communities.

A cross-section of graduands from the seventh cohort of the University of Global Health Equity take oath before they are conferred a Master of Science in Global Health Delivery. The ceremony took place at the university’s main campus in Butaro, Burera District, on August 28.

In congratulating the graduands, UGHE’s Board Chair, Lesley King thanked the UGHE faculty and staff for their commitment to achieving excellence as they trained the next generation of global health professionals.

Delivering her keynote speech, Partners in Health Board Chair, Ophelia Dahl, said that the success of UGHE is proof that long-term investment and a steadfast focus on equity in health care can lead to generational change.

“I hope and trust that today’s graduating class will treat, counsel, heal, and advocate for the most marginalized without discrimination. Your success will testify to the fact that UGHE is a scalable and replicable model of an education system intended to serve all” she added.

The ceremony concluded with Mrs Kagame and Dahl planting a tree as a tribute to the late Farmer, the founder of the global institution.

UGHE is an initiative of Partners in Health – which was also founded by Farmer – whose mission is to provide a preferential option for the poor in health care.

Farmer, a global public health champion, was on February 21, 2022 found dead “peaceful” in his bed in Butaro, according to a tribute that was circulated for students and staff at the university.

No enemy of our neighbours will operate on Rwandan soil – Kagame

2022-08-29T00:59:00.002-07:00

Anyone who wants to destabilise Rwanda’s neighbours will never be allowed to operate in Rwanda, President Paul Kagame has said.

He made the remarks in Rusizi District on August 26 while addressing over 400 opinion leaders from Western Province where he also spoke at length about security issues and development.

Security remains our top priority because if there is no security nothing can be done, he said.

"The way we want to live in harmony in our country is the same way we want to get along with our neighbours...so that everyone can be safe and able to do what they want to do,” he said.

Kagame has since on Thursday been on a four-day tour in Western and Southern provinces where he met residents, opinion leaders, and toured different development projects.

"I want to add that Rwandans, be it those who live here in Rusizi and all those who live along other border areas; it is important that we find ways to live well with our neighbours. There will not be anyone who wants to destabilise a neighbouring country and finds a place in Rwanda where they can operate,” Kagame added.

Rusizi borders both Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo.

During the citizen outreach programme, Kagame put emphasis on development and welfare of the people, pushing for effective and timely delivery of services that impact people’s lives.

While addressing opinion leaders in Rusizi District he took stock of Rwanda’s journey to development saying that the country had to be rebuilt from nothing to where it is today.

"The biggest challenge we have a country is to create value from very little you have from the little you have. That’s our biggest challenge but not an impossible task. We have little, we started from little but now, if you look at numbers you will find that there is a lot that has been achieved and people wonder how we did it,” Kagame said.

The four-day citizen outreach programme ends on Sunday, August 208 with the President visiting Karongi District where he will tour the Rugabano Tea Factory which has the capacity to process 1,000,000 kilograms of tea per year.

Credit: The New Times

King Faisal Hospital secures $14m funding for expansion

2021-05-18T23:11:00.004-07:00

King Faisal Hospital has secured $14M for expansion. (File)

King Faisal Hospital has secured $14M for expansion from the Eastern and Southern African Trade and Development Bank (TDB).

The funds are aimed at further supporting ongoing expansion of outpatient facilities including renovation and construction of the outpatient block’s education and research centre, day care premium facilities.

This is meant to allow patient flow and experience will be quicker and better, and each specialty clinic will now have a dedicated triage and consultation space.

Prof. Miliard Derbew, King Faisal Hospital Chief Executive Officer said that the funding comes at a time when the hospital’s primary focus is to improve patient experience and the application of cutting-edge medical technology

“The construction of the education and research block will create an enabling environment for clinicians to develop innovative research projects that address Rwanda and the region’s unique clinical conditions and disease burden. This would also promote continuous capacity development for our medical practitioners, train in highest level specialties and have a fully established research center,” he said.

Admassu Tadesse, TDB Group Managing Director and Chief Executive said that the expansion of King Faisal Hospital will enhance much-needed access in the region to quality healthcare services and support the health.

According to Michael Awori, the bank’s Deputy CEO, local financier Bank of Kigali is involved in the transaction to deliver liquidity.

“For this transaction, TDB worked with the sponsor of the project, the contractor and Bank of Kigali Plc (BK, delivering liquidity to enable the project to continue its implementation, unlocking additional impact, especially given the premium placed on liquidity during Covid-19.

This project will contribute positively to the country’s balance of payments, via new receipts from regional medical tourism in Rwanda, and savings from Rwandan medical tourism abroad,” Awori said.

The infrastructure upgrade of King Faisal Hospital commenced in January 2020 and was set to be complete last year but the deadline was not met due to the Covid-19.

The project involved the construction of a new outpatient facility, set up of a premium services clinic, renovation and expansion of the older facility, installation of a ramp connecting the new building and the older one as well as procurement of equipment.

The upgrade also involved a facelift of the 30-year old hospital, renovating sections of the existing facilities, including the lobby, electricity installations and ramps.

Budget: Energy sector faces 90% deficit

2021-05-17T23:54:00.000-07:00

The Energy Development Corporation Limited (EDCL) was allocated around 10 per cent of the funding they needed this year to generate energy in a bid to achieve the universal access to electricity by 2024, the Rwanda Energy Group (REG)’s Chief Executive has said.

Ron Weiss made the observation on Monday, May 17, while appearing virtually before the parliamentary committee on National Budget and Patrimony, as part of the ongoing hearings on sector allocations in the 2021/2022 budget framework.

With such funding deficit, some Members of Parliament said it would be impossible for the country to attain the energy target under the first phase of the National Strategy for Transformation (NST1) – a seven year Government programme that runs from 2017 through 2024.

Weiss said that electricity remains a very important pillar for development, and the most important target to reach up to 2024 is 100 per cent energy access.

“And the budget needed on annual basis by EDCL in order to implement all the needed projects to reach this target is around Rwf400 billion. But the budget available for this year (2021/2022) is around Rwf40 billion,” he said.

As of February 2021, the national electricity connectivity rate was 60.9 per cent of Rwandan households. These included 45 per cent connected to the national grid and 15.9 per cent accessing energy through off-grid systems (mainly solar), according to data from REG.

While the current targets envisage a 100 per cent access to electricity by 2024, all productive users are expected to be connected before the end of this year, according to the utility agency.

To achieve this, REG intends to increase the number of new connections by 500,000 every year, including 200,000 on-grid and 300,000 off-grid.

Overall, REG was allocated over Rwf101 billion in 2021/2022 compared to Rwf124 billion in the 2020/2021 revised budget. REG consists of two entities – the EDCL and Energy Utility Corporation Limited (EUCL). This amount will be used for different purposes including paying salaries for the REG staff, energy generation and distribution, among others.

EDCL Managing Director, Félix Gakuba, said that the energy sector budget allocation has been going down since 2018, reaching the record low in 2021/2022 yet, as 2024 nears, more efforts are needed so as to achieve the universal energy target.

“There is a huge funding gap to achieve the number of new [electricity] connections and hit 74 per cent [access to electricity] in the next fiscal year. That requires efforts,” he said.

MP Christine Bakundufite said that the budget allocated to REG should be reconsidered given the national electricity goal.

“The budget allocated to REG is too small...if such a budget is used, it cannot help us achieve the energy access we want,” she said.

However, Rehema Namutebi, the Director General of National Budget at the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning, said that limited resources have been a financing challenge as the country grapples with effects of Covid-19.

She, however, said that there are other avenues to bridge the funding gaps, saying that the utility agency still has access to external financing such as grants and loans.

How can agriculture insurance gaps be fixed?

2021-05-17T23:49:00.000-07:00

Millions of farmers and livestock keepers are feeling the pinch of disasters that continue to cause havoc as they are yet to get crop and livestock insurance.

While some farmers say low uptake of insurance is caused by hesitance of insurance companies and banks that are concerned of risks in the agriculture sector which is still vulnerable to climate change effects, the Ministry of Agriculture says it also requires changing mindset for some farmers.

Despite thousands of farmers suffering from the disaster effects, figures by PSTA 4 -the Sector Strategic Plan for Agriculture, show that less than half per cent of farmers report using agricultural insurance despite availability of insurance since 2012.

A report by the Ministry of Emergency (MINEMA) indicates that in 2020, disasters damaged 5,968.653 hectares of crops and 458 hectares of forests and killed 3,491 livestock.

Disasters also damaged 10,610.45 hectares of crops and killed 2019 2,979 livestock in the previous year.

Joseph Museruka , the Programme Manager for the National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS) in the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources said that there is a need to strengthen the campaign to mobilize farmers so that they embrace agriculture insurance to minimise losses caused by disasters.

Under the subsidized crop and livestock insurance scheme that started in 2019, the Government contributes 40 per cent of the premiums, while the remaining 60 per cent is paid by the farmer.

“We continue to mobilize farmers through their cooperatives. So far over 90 percent of rice farmers have agriculture insurance. More efforts are needed for maize farmers, Irish Potato farmers, French beans and Chili farmers,” he said.

Government has so far provided subsidies worth Rwf348.8 million to farmers. Insurance companies have so far compensated disaster-affected farmers with Rwf446.6 million and livestock keepers with Rwf222.5 million,” he said.

He added that agriculture loans worth over Rwf1 billion have been provided to farmers enabled by agriculture insurance taken as collateral in banks.

Gap in livestock insurance

According to statistics from Rwanda Agricultural and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB), Rwanda has over 5.3 million chickens and 1.38 million pigs. The country produces an estimated 9,000 tonnes of eggs, 37,300 tonnes of chicken meat, and 23,000 tonnes of pork per year as of 2019.

However, Museruka said that by March this year, subsidized insurance scheme had covered 31,084 cows, 37,970 poultry and 2,246 pigs.

Financing gap

About Rwf400 million was invested in crop and livestock insurance in 2019/2020.

According to Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), a 10-year climate plan submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) last year, Rwanda needs finance worth $109.6 million to expand crop and livestock insurance by 2030.

It shows that there is a need for $18.2 million from 2020 to 2025 and $91.3 million from 2025 to 2030.

The plan says there should be joint efforts among the ministry of agriculture and animal resources, banks, insurance companies and private sector.

“We urge farmers and livestock farmers to leverage subsidized insurance schemes. We urge insurance companies to provide insurance products to farmers and compensate them on time in case of disasters. We also urge banks to facilitate farmers to get loans since insurance can work as collateral,” added Museruka.

Expanding crop and livestock insurance is among many measures that could help the agriculture sector adapt to climate change effects.

Other adaptation measures in the sector include developing climate-resilient crops and promoting climate-resilient livestock at the cost of $24 million, developing climate-resilient post-harvest and value addition facilities and technologies at $200 million.

Measures also include strengthening crop management practices at $3 million, developing sustainable land use management practice and developing sustainable land use management practices in need of $346.1 million finance while expanding irrigation requires $2,261 million.

Meet SOS mother Nikuze who won the Helmet Kutin award

2021-05-17T23:32:00.000-07:00

Nikuze Adrolata, a committed woman who spent 29 years at SOS Children’s Village Gikongoro in Nyamagabe District caring for vulnerable children who lost parental care, has received Helmet Kutin award.

The Helmut Kutin Award recognizes extraordinary performances of SOS Children’s Villages co-workers who care for vulnerable children and have laid the foundation for them to have an independent future in 136 countries where the organization operates. SOS mothers like Nikuze live with children in a family house in SOS Children’s Villages where they support the children’s individual needs and establish strong bonds with them like a biological mother.

Nikuze said that she decided not to marry because by raising vulnerable children she feels like a biological mother.

During the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi, she fled with 10 children from her SOS family and lived in refugee camp in the SOS Children’s Village Bukavu, in the neighbouring DR Congo while other mothers from Rwanda abandoned their children to start a new life.

She cared for all children abandoned by their caregivers and even returned back to Rwanda with all of them- the children who were traumatized because of loss of their parents and siblings during the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi.

She said they had to adapt to a new environment at the time food was also scarce.

“I decided to go with my children and keep them safe. We lived in difficult conditions and suffered together in a refugee camp. After four months, we returned home and I went on being their mother,” she said.

Nikuze returned with 20 children since she also cared for the other ten children abandoned by their caregivers.

“I thank my God that empowered me to care for all the children. When I see such vulnerable children growing up in healthy conditions and becoming mature, when I see them finally becoming independent as mothers and fathers it pleases me. All children I raised have grown up and are living better lives. They call me their mother, they visit me and I visit them, I attend their wedding ceremonies, it pleases me when I see their children,” she said.

Nikuze urges parents to assure their responsibility in raising their children.

“I was surprised by the award. I am happy that people have recognized what I have achieved in child protection,” she said.

Raised children speak out

Eric Uwimana is one of the children raised by Nikuze.

He joined SOS Children’s Village Gikongoro in 1993.

“I was raised in SOS Children’s Village Gikongoro because I was born when my mother had divorced. I was abandoned and got serious health issues such as speech impairment. I could not speak when I started nursery school in 1996. I was raised by Nikuze and am now joyful that I can now speak thanks to her. I started to speak when I was in primary 3. Nikuze has changed my life to the extent that I also compose songs,” he said.

Uwimana recalls how Nikuze cared for children in refugee camp in difficult conditions.

“I have finished my University education in land surveying. I do part-time jobs in Chinese construction firms. I was also recently married this year. I am a man with dignity thanks to Nikuze. I am happy that she got a recognition award for her devotion to childcare. It is our pride as children she raised in the SOS family in Rwanda,” he said.

In 2007 Nikuze managed to trace Uwimana’s family.

“Nikuze traced my family and linked me to the relatives of my mother and my father in 2007,” he said.

Eric advises parents to care for all children including children with disabilities.

Jean Bosco Kwizera, National Director of SOS Children’s Village in Rwanda, said that the award is a pride for SOS and Rwanda in general.

“She was first selected among top ten winners and later the first in the final selection. I call upon Rwandans to raise and protect children. This is a significant award inspiring care for vulnerable children. I call upon all people to have such a kind heart of supporting vulnerable children so that they do not become a burden to the community and the nation but live in a society that loves them,” he said.

SOS Children’s Village has been operating in Rwanda for 40 years and has childcare activities in Gasabo, Kayonza, Gicumbi and Nyamagabe districts providing alternative care to children and youth who have lost or who are at risk of losing parental care.

“We are telling Rwandans that there are vulnerable children that need support in various ways. If not we will continue to have street kids and delinquent youth. Every Rwandan in their capacity can provide any support including sharing information about vulnerable children,” he said.

Currently, the organization cares for 274 children, 315 youths in the four villages while 318 children have been reintegrated into the community.

Over 7,100 beneficiaries and 1,179 families are enrolled into Family Strengthening Programme aiming to support vulnerable families in their capacity to protect and care for children

Diaspora Rwandans call for laws punishing genocide denial abroad

2019-12-24T04:46:00.003-08:00

Rosine Mugunga, a member of the Rwandan community in Italy, contributes to a discussion on the fight against Genocide denial and minimisation between members of the Senate and Diaspora at the Parliamentary Buildings, while other delegates look on, in Kigali on Monday. Representatives of the Rwandan Diaspora from around the world urged the Senate to step up advocacy for enactment of laws against denial and trivialisation of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi in foreign countries. Photo: Emmanuel Kwizera

Rwandans living and working abroad have challenged the Senate to push for the enactment of laws punishing denial and minimisation of the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi, globally.

The meeting intended to encourage the Rwandan community abroad to step up efforts against denial or trivialisation of the Genocide, especially outside Rwanda.

The request came after a senatorial report released on October 3, shows that there were widespread cases of Genocide denial committed abroad.

Before the discussion, the Rwandans in diaspora visited the Campaign against the Genocide Museum at the Parliamentary Buildings.

Edison Niyibizi, the Chairperson of Rwandan Diaspora in South Africa, speaks during the meeting at the Senate on Monday. Photo: Emmanuel Kwizera.

“In those countries, there is a law punishing anyone who negates or minimise the Holocaust – the genocide committed against the Jews. So, I would like to request parliament or government to conduct a campaign so that all countries have laws that punish the trivialisation of the Genocide against Tutsi,” he said.

Patrick Ndengera, President of Rwandan diaspora in Montreal, Canada, said that they were keen on working with parliamentarians in that country to enact a law penalising genocide ideology.

“We are considering a parliamentary motion that will enact a law punishing genocide ideology which will make it easy to pursue, in courts, those who commit it,” he said.

Jean Damascène Bizimana, the Executive Secretary of the National Commission for the Fight against Genocide, said that lack of laws punishing genocide crimes in some countries is a challenge for the expedition of justice delivery.

Bizimana cited five Rwandan Genocide fugitives in the UK, namely Dr Vincent Bajinya, Celestin Mutabaruka, Emmanuel Ugirashebuja, Charles Munyaneza, and Emmanuel Nteziryayo against whom Rwanda issued arrest warrants but have not yet been brought to justice.

Since 2014, the UN resolution requests countries to establish a law punishing the denial of the Genocide against Tutsi.

However, Bizimana said that only Italia, France and Belgium have enacted such laws.

These three countries, he said, add to three others – Switzerland, Luxembourg and Poland – which had similar laws before the UN resolution.

Senate’s research

The newly released study by the Senate also recommended that the organs in charge of justice and foreign affairs and cooperation request countries and international organisations to expedite the inclusion of law punishing genocide, its denial and minimisation in their legislation, pointing out that genocide crime has no boundaries.

Senate President Augustin Iyamuremye told the members of the Rwandan community aboard that the content of the research, especially the strategies it has drawn up, could be fundamental to the activities aimed to fight denial and minimisation of the Genocide.

He said that one of the findings of the research is that Genocide denial and minimisation are a plan that was made with an aim to frustrate justice and ensure impunity for those who took part in the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.

“This research is, therefore, one of the foundations for your activities as the Rwandan community abroad in line with the responsibility to put first the unity of Rwandans, as well as fight the plot of the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi which has now reached the denial and minimisation stage,” Iyamuremye said.

Credit: The New Times

Youth Minister dancing at Igihango cy'Urungano in Mulindi

2019-08-29T02:28:00.001-07:00

2018-11-22T02:00:00.000-08:00

Rwf200m earmarked for model village in Karongi goes missing

Some of the housing units that were shoddily constructed in Karongi District. / Courtesy

Rwanda Investigation Bureau is probing a possible case of embezzlement and mismanagement of taxpayers’ money related to some Rwf200 million that went missing in Karongi District.

The missing funds were part of the Rwf575 million that had been earmarked for the construction of a 384 housing unit model village to house vulnerable people in the district.

However, almost 200 residents who were supposed to benefit from the project – which dates as far back as 2010 – were not catered for, leaving them stranded.

The model village project in Bubazi-Bunyankungu was supposed to be implemented by the Western provincial and Karongi district authorities, according to the Ombudsman’s Office.

This issue was highlighted in the annual Ombudsman’s report which was presented to parliament recently.

The Ombudsman’s Office has since referred the matter to RIB, The New Timeshas learnt, with authorities insisting that the case is not too old for culprits to be brought to book.

The Spokesman for RIB, Modeste Mbabazi, confirmed to The New Times that his office had received the file but could not reveal any further information.

“Yes, we received a file from the Ombudsman’s Office and yes I can confirm that there is an ongoing criminal investigation as we speak. I cannot reveal anything further than that,” he said.

According to sources, seven people are implicated in that file.

Chief Ombudsman Anastase Murekezi said his office conducted thorough evaluation and concluded that the project had been grossly mismanaged with hundreds of millions of Francs still unaccounted for.

Murekezi said that while authorities in the province received Rwf575 million to construct 384 houses, so far Rwf365 million has been spent and only 107 houses built.

Unfortunately, the Ombudsman says, the houses that have so far been constructed are also of poor quality.

District authorities could not explain how the Rwf208 million was spent.

A visibly irked Murekezi faulted authorities in the province.

Under the project, the district was supposed to construct the houses for residents. However, it asked the people to do the construction and instead pledged to provide them with construction materials like cement, bricks, wood, iron sheets, nails and sand.

“What we found out is that locals are living in unfinished houses and the designs of the houses were completely different,” Murekezi said.

Inflated costs

The Ombudsman’s Office also discovered that some excess money was spent.

For instance, in May 2012, Western Province transferred Rwf21.5 million to the then EWSA account in the National Bank of Rwanda for connecting electricity to 384 homes.

According to their calculations, connecting each house to electricity would cost Rwf56,000. However, it was discovered that at the time this money was paid, only 11 houses had been built and were yet to be completed.

The cost for connecting the 11 houses is Rwf616,000.

Today, the entire model village has 107 houses whose connection to electricity would have come to Rwf5.9m.

A report by Western Province that was handed to the Ministry of Local Government indicates that to correct some of these mistakes, each family would be given the Rwf56,000 for the installation of electricity but by the time of the evaluation, none of the locals had received that money.

The Project Manager was also faulted for causing losses to the Government over negligence.

“For instance, Rwf11.8 million was issued to rent machines to make bricks meant to build 384 houses. However, none of those bricks was ever used. As of today, half of them were destroyed by rain,” the report says.

The Spokesman for the Ombudsman’s Office, Jean Pierre Nkurunziza, warned that crimes involving corruption do not expire and can be investigated at any time.

“There are laws that govern every action. The fact that this project goes as far back as 2010 does not mean that it cannot be looked into. No suspicious activity is too old to investigate,” he said.

Though he could not divulge details, Nkurunziza said that the Ombudsman’s Office had handed a list of names to the Rwanda Investigation Bureau for investigation.

Speaking to The New Times in a telephone interview, the Mayor of Karongi District, François Ndayisaba, pointed out that the said project came into force almost five years before his tenure began, but confirmed that the Ombudsman’s Office had indeed conducted an evaluation and recommended an investigation.

“That project started in 2010 and I was elected into office in 2015 so I really wasn’t here when it kicked off. However, I know that the Project Manager is no longer here and I am aware that after the Ombudsman’s evaluation, the Ministry of Finance also conducted an audit and, in the end, a file was handed over to the Rwanda Investigation Bureau,” he said.

Due to the absence of a feasibility study and project proposal, the entire project had no clear timeline.

2018-11-19T23:14:00.003-08:00

President Kagame with a delegation of Young Presidents’ Organisation in Kigali yesterday. The 80-member delegation is comprised of young business leaders from Belgium, USA, Monaco, Luxembourg, Lebanon, UK, Kenya and the Great Lakes YPO Chapter. Village Urugwiro.

President Paul Kagame, on Monday, received a delegation of Young Presidents’ Organisation (YPO) led by the organisation’s international chairman, Pascal Gerken.

The 80-member delegation is comprised of young business leaders from Belgium, USA, Monaco, Luxembourg, Lebanon, UK, Kenya and the Great Lakes YPO Chapter.

The organisation is the largest global network of business leaders with more than 26,000 in more than 130 countries.

The objective of the visit to Rwanda, themed “Journey to Rwanda – November 2018”, is to learn the country’s history, and to explore business and investment opportunities that Rwanda has to offer.

President Kagame spoke with Young Presidents Association members on a range of topics, specifically about Rwanda’s progress and on challenges for Africa’s transformation.

“We are convinced what we have had in our past is not what we deserve, what we deserve is in our future. We all go together and we don’t want to leave anyone behind; that is more or less like a religion for us,” Kagame told the young leaders.

During their stay in the country, the delegation has had the opportunity to meet with young Rwandan graduates, young entrepreneurs and captains of industry with whom they discussed national and regional business environment.

Kagame noted that, going forward, leaders have to sustain the kind of politics, and activities that ensure Rwandans value one another.

On challenges hindering Africa’s transformation, President Kagame, who is also the current chairperson of the African Union, said that Africans must stop looking down on themselves to the extent looking to donors for what they have at disposal in their own backyard.

He added that it is important for Africans to believe in their ability to think and turn their abundant resources into opportunities that can transform their communities.

“In Africa we tend to lower our standards. In some cases Africans ask to be given what they already possess. Some ask for others to spend on them when they have the resources to spend on themselves. It is an issue of mindset shift,” Kagame said.

“What is lacking is being able to say, we have all the means and the intellectual ability to think. There is no continent with more resources than ours. The question is what is missing to produce what we need, to take ourselves to the level where we need to be,” Kagame added.

The YPO delegation also visited various tourist attractions across the country, including Lake Kivu, mountain gorillas, and Nyungwe Forest National Park. They also visited Zipline Drone Aerodrome in Muhanga District.

YPO members have been coming to Rwanda and involved in Rwanda — mainly through investments for about 20 years now.

YPO Africa Great Lakes Chapter has 36 members drawn from its target market of Rwanda, Uganda, Burundi, eastern DR Congo and South Sudan, including a number of overseas members who have a specific interest in the region. The organisation is headed by Emery Rubagenga from Rwanda.

One of its key objectives is to enhance investment and trade within and amongst the target countries as well as connecting local business people to the global reach of YPO.

Improving Rwandan lives, One village at a time

2018-11-19T23:10:00.001-08:00

2018-02-25T22:07:00.004-08:00

Daring To Dream: A Carpenter Tries To Build A Piano In Rwanda

It's Monday afternoon and Désiré Mulumeoderwa is alone in his workshop, an oasis of quiet and creativity from the parade of motorbikes and perpetual hustle outside on Kigali's streets. The mud floor is littered with planks of wood in all shapes and sizes, scraps of plastic and other discarded materials Mulumeoderwa uses in his carpentry work.

Chairs, cupboards and bed frames are in various stages of construction around the dimly-lit shop. Off in a corner by the door is a project unlike any other.

Mulumeoderwa is building an upright piano.

It's a new undertaking for the carpenter of 20 years — and for Rwanda. The finished product would be the first Rwandan-made piano, a musical milestone for this landlocked East African country. It would also be the first such instrument produced in Africa since South Africa-based Dietmann, a German company, shut down production in 1989.

But the road to victory is a difficult one. Much like Rwanda, which is known as the "land of a thousand hills," the mission to build a piano faces a series of challenges, from accessibility of parts to the skills necessary to make it a success .

"This will be hard to make the first piano, but the second one? The second one will be easy," Mulumeoderwa says self-assuredly as a shy smile slides across his face.

A Mad Idea

That unflappable confidence was the catalyst for what his British-born business partner initially deemed a crazy, mad idea.

"It's not that it's a particularly innovative thing we're doing," Mulumeoderwa's piano-building partner Marion Grace Woolley says. "It's where we're doing it that's so strange. It still blows my mind when I walk into that workshop and see the dirt floor or workers using shards of glass to smooth the wood, and I think, 'Wow, you can actually build something this complex on the backstreets of Kigali.'"

Woolley, who's lived on and off in Rwanda since 2007, grew up around pianos. For her, a piano makes a house feel like a home. She says she'd long sought one for her home in Rwanda but had found the word "piano" in Rwanda to be synonymous with electric keyboard. The electric kind were easy to find. Tracking down a stringed version was far more complicated.

Her search led her to a 1968 Russian Lirika upright, for sale by an Egyptian expat. The piano was advertised for 1 million Rwandan francs ― about $1,160 ― which was beyond Woolley's budget. A few keys were broken, and the instrument was out of tune. Still, Woolley, who works in non-profit consulting, says she knew "no one ever sells pianos in Rwanda." So she seized the opportunity.

"It could have been falling apart on all the sides," Woolley explains. "But it was a piano and it played. It was the only piano that I had seen in about three years."

She bought the Lirika in December 2016, and the repairs became a passion project. She watched YouTube videos, posted questions on piano forums and emailed manufacturers.

One day soon after Woolley brought the Lirika home, Mulumeoderwa came to drop off the tables and bed he made for her. His eyes lit up when he saw the piano, she says. She wondered: Could he make something like that?

Mulumeoderwa inspected the Lirika, even though he already knew the answer. He'd spent the past two decades working with wood ― a key material for a piano.

"When I see something [made] of wood, I know I can make what I see," he says. "I told Marion, 'I am sure I can make the piano.'"

Striking A Chord On Indiegogo

With that, Kigali Keys was born, named after Rwanda's capital city.

The duo set up a crowdfunding campaign on Indiegogo in March 2017 with the goal of raising around $8,000. By June, they'd reached their target, and Mulumeoderwa got started. He puts his normal carpentry work aside for one day a week devoted exclusively to the piano.

"This is the big challenge, because this one I cannot give to someone to make," Mulumeoderwa says. "I can only do it myself."

While woodwork comes easily to Mulumeoderwa, he has needed help finding other materials for the nearly 12,000 parts inside the piano's body.

For Kigali Keys to succeed, Woolley had to deconstruct her long-sought Lirika ― taking it apart so Mulumeoderwa could study the skeleton and copy the parts.

"The biggest risk is not being able to put my own piano back together," Woolley says. "I have this nightmare that at the end of all this, I'll end up with no piano at all. But I am confident we can do it and put [mine] back together."

Other steps, too, are ensuring the duo meets their goal. They've employed the knowledge of specialists at Howard Pianos Industries in Wisconsin, U.S.A., and a father-son technician team at Key-Sure Pianos in Durban, South Africa. Woolley has been in touch with the folks at Howard to source materials and to learn about the piano's more technical aspects.

"I thought [the project] sounded exciting, and it sounded like she had a lot to learn but was pursuing the avenues she needed to complete the project," Howard says. That includes purchasing necessary parts from manufacturers, communicating with designers and builders, working off the manual Pianos Inside Out by Mario Igrec and using the Lirika as a template.

Woolley's piano is in pieces throughout Mulumeoderwa's shop: The bare bones hug the doorway of a modest office, the Lirika's old keyboard is inside, laid out across a desk like a big, toothy smile.

One Key At A Time

One recent Monday afternoon, as the skies begin to close in for rain, Mulumeoderwa places a plank of European pine on a workbench and plugs in a jigsaw cutter. Wielding the tool with his right hand as his left holds the wood steady, Mulumeoderwa cuts in a concentrated slide upward, the angry cry of the machine breaking through the otherwise quiet room.

"I choose special places where I cut the wood," he explains. "There can't be a crack [in the plank]. Maybe we can make more than five keys with one meter plank, but if we want good quality, there is no way we can make more than five."

He estimates it will take him three weeks to make all 88 keys. Then he'll move on to the piano's soundboard.

Some hurdles have slowed overall progress on the piano, though. The string frame, piano strings and the action ― three fundamental elements of any piano, particularly the action, which connects the keys and the strings to produce the piano's sound — require parts that aren't made in this part of Africa. To avoid import fees, Mulumeoderwa and Woolley have had to think outside the box.

For example, instead of using felt — an elusive fabric in Africa — to make the piano's hammers, Woolley and Mulumeoderwa used recycled flip-flops sourced from a social enterprise in Kenya.

"We are going to give them a go and see how it works," Woolley says, acknowledging they might have to reassess. "We won't know if it works until we have the instrument stringed."

Forging their own string frame, typically made of cast-iron, has been the biggest accomplishment so far, according to Woolley. Their first attempt, in which they worked with a Rwandan metal worker who owns a small foundry in Kigali, was unsuccessful. Mulumeoderwa suggested they try Chillington, a metalwork factory in the city that specializes in wheelbarrow production. The result, with an engraved logo for Kigali Keys — a K flanked by two musical notes — beat all expectations.

"I posted a picture of the final gold-coated frame on a forum about pianos," Woolley says. "They didn't believe that it had been made in Rwanda."

Strings, however, proved difficult to find in Africa. It took the team months — and a lot of expert help from around the world — to track down the thin, steel strings needed for the instrument's midsection and treble. Woolley turned to South Africa's Key-Sure Pianos to determine the exact measurements they needed for their prototype and to see whether they can be acquired in Africa. Unfortunately, Woolley says, the team eventually had to purchase the strings from England, from the Oxford-based Early Keyboard Agency.

Their creativity has been driven in part by the Made in Rwanda campaign, a government initiative launched in 2016 to encourage local production and consumption. Woolley and Mulumeoderwa hope to showcase their final prototype at 2018's "Made in Rwanda Expo," typically held at the end of each year, with the goal of one day building pianos and selling them to Rwanda's emerging middle class and expats.

A Master Builder's Doubts

Some are skeptical about their plan, like Lothar Schell a master piano builder and former factory manager at Dietmann, the last known manufacturer on the continent. When the company was still in operation, they exported pianos to more than 33 countries. Only a small number were sold on the continent, specifically to South Africa, Egypt, Namibia and Rhodesia, known today as Zimbabwe.

The 80-year-old piano consultant, who is still active in the industry, considers Mulumeoderwa's task too difficult. Among his concerns are the lack of available materials in Africa and the preciseness of the construction, particularly the piano's soundboard and its cast-iron frame. It's one thing to build a frame, he says, but another thing to make it strong enough to take the 27,000 pounds of tension produced from the piano's strings without buckling or breaking.

It's more than the frame that needs to be just right for the piano to work.

"A piano is built to the climate," Schell says. "It needs about 60 percent moisture content in the air, and [a temperature] of 22 to 23 degrees Celsius [around 73 degrees Fahrenheit]."

Despite the odds, Kigali Keys is aiming to end on a high note.

While the prototype is still in the works — they hope to finish within six months — Kigali Keys' debut pianist is already lined up. Eizinanan Pascal, a Rwandan musician and piano teacher who goes by the name Paco, will be first to tickle the keys.

"I can't stop smiling," the 26-year-old says. "I am so excited to hear it. It will be so good to see a Rwandan guy play a piano that was made here in Rwanda."

2018-02-20T22:59:00.000-08:00

PM reassures on battle against child malnutrition

The newly established National Early Childhood Development Programme will help fast-track implementation of anti-mulnutrition measures in the country, the Prime Minister has said.

Edouard Ngirente gave the reassurance yesterday in the Senate where he laid out strategies to eradicate malnutrition, especially among children under five years in Rwanda.

Although stunting as a result of malnutrition stands at 38 per cent among children under five, the premier said that there is hope that this number will be significantly reduced in the future given different programmes that are in place to fight malnutrition.

The programmes include distributing fortified flour to vulnerable parents with children under five, working with community health workers to engage with parents with malnourished children so the latter can be taken to health centres for treatment, as well as running different campaigns that encourage mothers to breastfeed their children in their early age.

Other programmes on which the government banks to find solutions to the thorny issue of malnutrition is strengthening the One-Cow-Per-Poor-Family programme under which poor parents would get milk for their children and getting community health workers to coach parents on how to prepare a decent meal for children as well as how to keep appropriate hygiene for food consumption.

Though the initiatives are not new to the country, Premier Ngirente said that the fact that a National Early Childhood Development Programme was set up by the government constitutes new hope in fighting malnutrition because it will help coordinate the initiatives.

“We are working hard to end this problem and we will continue to do so. The National Early Childhood Development Programme solves a lot of problems that were available in the area of fighting malnutrition, especially coordination” he said.

He said that the programme, which is based at the Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion, will help coordinate all programmes against malnutrition across the country.

The Prime Minister encouraged all Rwandans to work together to end child malnutrition, explaining that implementation of anti-malnutrition programmes requires collective efforts, especially among parents.

Senate Vice-President Fatou Harerimana said the National Early Childhood Development Programme presents new hope for ending malnutrition because it will help with the coordination of all programmes against malnutrition.

“These programmes need coordination and empowering the National Early Childhood Development Programme to coordinate activities against malnutrition seems to be the best solution,” she said.

Several senators advised the Government to increase efforts aimed at teaching citizens about keeping hygiene and doing family planning because they remain some of the ways to eradicate malnutrition.

“The government should introduce measures to ensure that every home has a decent toilet because sometimes poor hygiene is the main cause for malnutrition, whereby the little food people eat is swallowed by worms,” said Senator Jean Damascene Ntawukuriryayo.

Senator Charles Uyisenga said that without serious measures to promote family planning many parents will continue to struggle getting enough to feed their children, a factor that may worsen child malnutrition.

“We should check whether poor family planning isn’t one of the reasons for malnutrition. The Government should find a way of promoting family planning if the issue of malnutrition is to be dealt with,” he said.

(Source: The New Times)

2018-02-20T22:54:00.003-08:00

Farmers devise measures to prevent recurrence of foot and mouth disease

Farmers in Eastern Province have turned to protected farms or indoor grazing to avoid losing cattle in another foot and mouth disease outbreak.

The move comes weeks after the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources lifted quarantine on livestock which had been put in place following the outbreak of the deadly disease.

George Mushime, a farmer from Karangazi Sector in Nyagatare, lost two cows to the disease recently.

He has embarked on growing fodder on his farm to avail enough pasture for his cattle.

“No more nomadic lifestyle,” he says.

David Rugema, of Kinyana in Murundi Sector, Kayonza District, says that he does not have any reason to continue with traditional farming methods as it has been responsible for recurrent losses.

“At first, I feared having exotic cows because they’re not resistant to diseases caused by tsetse flies in our area but now the Government has provided almost free traps,” he said.

Dr Justin Zimurinda, in charge of livestock at Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) in Eastern Province, explains that free range livestock keeping was responsible for spread of diseases.

“Before the public was restricted from encroaching the (Akagera) national park in 2008, there was not a single year that elapsed without bad news of the outbreak of the disease,” said Zimurinda.

It is also understood that many farmers adopted modern farming after realising that long horned indigenous breeds were not profitable.

Peter Maridadi, of Karushuga Rwimiyaga Sector in Nyagatare, who adopted modern farming earlier and grew productive fodder on his farm, says he has never been affected by the disease.

In 2014 Rwandans were evicted from Tanzania and some managed to escape with a few cattle spreading the foot and mouth disease like bush fire.

Since 2015, areas such as Murundi, Rwimbogo and Karangazi in Kayonza, Gatsibo and Nyagatare districts, respectively, hardly a month passed without experiencing a foot and mouth disease outbreak until late 2017.

However, with the consistent quarantine and deaths of cows, farmers are giving up their behaviour of looking for greener pastures in open areas but making their farms greener.

MINAGRI put incentives on fodder seeds, setting up fly traps and had valley dams dug in different areas to provide water to animals.

A kilo of fodder was previously Rwf12,000 but now it costs Rwf1,200. Fly traps used to cost Rwf5000 but its Rwf1,000, thanks to the incentives.

While there is no trace of foot and mouth disease in other provinces for the past few decades, in Eastern Province the epidemic has seriously hit five times in two decades.

The disease appeared in 1998, 2003, 2008, 2012 and 2017.

Due to the quarantine, the disease affects business that would fetch Rwf5 billion in Gatsibo District and nearly Rwf10 billion in Nyagatare District, according statistics on the contribution of dairy sector to district GDP in 2016/2017.

According to Dr Zimurinda, the new trend will not only banish foot and mouth disease but also increase milk production by up to 50 per cent in the next one year.

(source: The New Times)

2016-06-07T03:11:00.003-07:00

WED: how ready is Rwanda to climate change

By Théogène Nsengimana

farmers watering soybeans in Kanyonyombya marshland in Gatsibo district. Theogene Nsengimana

Today the world observes, the World Environment Day (WED) an annual event always celebrated on June 5, and considered as one of the principal vehicles through which the United Nations (UN) stimulates worldwide awareness on environment and climate change to encourage public attention for positive action. It was established by the UN General Assembly in 1972.

At national level, WED was celebrated on june,3, a celebration that coincided with the launch of the fourth edition of the state of environment and outlook report (SoEOR) 2015.

According to the SoEOR 2015, Rwanda is highly vulnerable to the impact of temperature and rainfall changes due to climate change since it relies heavily on rain-fed agriculture for subsistence livelihoods and tea and coffee cash crops.

a recent flooding on Kigali-Muhanga highway. Theogene Nsengimana

The report also predicts that “temperature rise could negatively affect crop yields, impacting food security and export earnings”, while the international panel on climate change (IPCC) reports that there has been increasing warming over Africa’s land regions in the last 50 to 100 years as is consistent with human-induced climate change; indicating that Rwanda’s average temperature increased by 1.4˚C since 1970, higher than the global average. It states that the average is likely to rise by up to 2.5˚C from the 1970 average by the 2050s.

It shows that agriculture contributes most to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions emitting about 65 per cent of non-land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) emissions mainly because of carbon released from cultivating soils.

Coping with trends

Dr Vincent Biruta, the minister for natural resources (MINIRENA) said coping with climate change needs collaborative and collective efforts

He said “collaborative and partnership efforts are needed not only in protecting environment but also in dealing with impacts of climate change. The government of Rwanda through her vision 2020, recognizes three principles greening economy being social protection, economic empowerment and environmental intelligence.

The government of Rwanda has revised the vision 2020 and made environment and climate change a cross-cutting issue to make green growth a pillars in economic transformation”

The fourth edition of the SoEOR was conducted by Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) on greening agriculture with resource efficient, low carbon and climate resilient practices

Dr Geraldine Mukeshimana, the minister for agriculture and animal resources (MINAGRI) said that the ministry of agriculture has adopted a proactive approach in mainstreaming environment and climate change to enable green agriculture growth.

She said “the strategic plan for agriculture transformation in Rwanda along with the irrigation masterplan all of them recognize climate change as the greatest challenge and threat to agriculture development agenda.

We however chose as a solution to put on top priority climate change adaptation through various pillars including integrated water management, early warning and agro-meteorology and rapid responses, promotion of off-farm activities, intensive agro-animal husbandry, promotion of drought tolerant crop varieties and alternative use of energy sources among other environmentally friendly practices”.

Promoting green technologies and integrated settlement to enable green growth

Through the Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategies (EDPRS II) and the climate change fund (FONERWA), Rwanda promotes green innovations and technologies by funding them, and builds capacity among industries to enable resource efficient and cleaner production to reduce energy, water use and pollution.

Augustin Kampayana, the head of human settlement, planning, and development at the Rwanda Housing Authority (RHA) said that the concept of green villages has been put into consideration to ensure that climate resilient settlement is promoted

“Settlement can be hazardous to environment, so we are organizing rural settlements as far as integrated development programme is concerned where we put into consideration the concept of green villages to ensure proper management of environment”.

The government of Rwanda guided by Post 2015 SDGs Goals, officially known as “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development’’, especially goal 11 of making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable and through the EDPRSII;advocates for programmes and strategies aiming at building green villages and reducing vulnerability to Climate change by relocating families living in high risk zones

World Environment Day (WED) was established by the UN General Assembly in 1972. It is an annual event always celebrated on 5^th June as one of the principal vehicles through which the United Nations (UN) stimulates worldwide awareness on environment and climate change to encourage public attention for positive action. This year, the global theme is on “the fight against the illegal trade in wildlife” while Rwanda observes the day under the theme “Join the Race to Increase Resilience to Climate Change”.

2016-05-31T23:21:00.001-07:00

Special Agriculture week to focus on agricultural research

By Théogène Nsengimana

A special agriculture week to run from June 13^th to June 20 in Rwanda is to focus on research in agriculture. The week will feature three events namely the national agriculture show, the Africa agriculture science week and the general assembly of the forum for agricultural research in Africa (FARA) and the international learning event on farmer to farmer extension, which the ministry of agriculture said will be an opportunity for Rwandans researchers to learn from others so that they can come up with solutions to problems facing agriculture sector in Rwanda.

“Researchers in agriculture from different corners of the continent will have time to display what they do and what innovations they came with to boost agriculture in their respective countries.

This will be a good opportunity for our researchers to share knowledge with others and an opportunity to learn from what has been achieved elsewhere so that they can, through research come up with solutions to challenges facing agriculture sector”, said Dr Geraldine Mukeshimana, the minister of agriculture and animal resources during a news conference to brief the media on the week.

The Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA) week and its general assembly will be held under the theme “Apply Science, Impact Livelihoods.”

The Forum for Agricultural Research in Africa (FARA) is the apex continental organization responsible for coordinating and advocating for agricultural research for development (AR4D). FARA serves as the technical arm of the Africa Union Commission on matters concerning agriculture science, technology and innovation.

The 7^th FARA Science Week and Annual General Assembly will bring to Rwanda about 1000 agriculture development stakeholders of the continent and beyond, including scientists, international development partners, policy makers and investors. This forum offers opportunity to learn from other countries ’achievements in agriculture development and share experiences. An exhibition will be showcased of innovations in agriculture from different countries on the continent and beyond, and this event will offer a platform for information exchange and establishment of partnerships or business linkages between stakeholders

Dr Patrick Karangwa, the head of research department in Rwanda Agriculture board (RAB) said quality researches in agriculture have prospered in Rwanda, recalling the need to learn from others so that they bring more research based solutions in agriculture sector.

“There is a good step with have made on research in agriculture. For instance, about cassava disease, in partnership with the international technology research institute (ITRI) we came up with resistant seeds to address the problem that had become rampant. We need to exchange knowledge with others so that we can come up with more solutions to boost our agriculture sector”.

With the international learning event, Rwandan Twigire Muhinzi extension model will be taken as a case study and feature its two approaches: Farmers Field School (FFS) with experimental plots and Farmer Promoters (FP) with demonstration plots.

2016-05-19T23:40:00.003-07:00

Rice farmers urged to complement fertilizers with micronutrients to boost production

By Théogène NSENGIMANA

Rice farmers and RAB staff inspect a treatment plot in Rugeramigozi marshland

Rice farmers have been urged to add micronutrients to fertilizers and other agrochemicals to boost production.

Athanase Rusanganwa, the coordinator of Support to Research on Fertilizer Recommendations (SRFR) project aimed to improve fertilizer recommendations for the crop intensification program (CIP) priority crops said farmers should complement fertilizers to ensure they exploit maximally potential yield of seeds.

“for seeds to bring a good yield around 16 nutrients are needed. Yet, you cannot find all of those nutrients at once in a plantation, which means that we need to add those nutrients to make sure that we feed our crops with all needed elements”, Rusanganwa said yesterday during the rice farmer field day in Rugeramigozi marshland, Muhanga district.

The occasion was used to show to farmers the differences between crops fed with fertilizers complemented with nutrients and those fed with only fertilizers in a demonstrating plantation within the marshland.

The only fertilizers commonly used are the NPK 171717, urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) complemented with organic manure.

A test conducted in this marshland on a variety that has a potential yield of 10 tons per hectare revealed that with the use of nutrients like zinc, boron, copper, briquettes, granular, sulphur and others; the production in the marshland can shift from the current three tons per hectare to over five tons.

The most needed micronutrients include calcium, magnesium and sulphur while others are needed in lower rate like iron, manganese, copper, boron, molybdenum and chlorine

Jacqueline Uwizeyemariya, a rice farmer in the marshland and member of KIABR cooperative (koperative imparaniramusaruro zábahinzi ba Rugeramigozi) said the use of nutrients would not only help them increase produce but would also help them to grow financially.

She said “I have realized that there are ways to increase the low produce we are getting. Once production is increased, I hope I will be able to save money which will help me develop”.

According to the study conducted in 2014 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources (MINAGRI) in partnership with International Fertiliser Development Centre (IFDC) in 4000 fields revealed that micronutrients can help increase agriculture productivity at between 20 and 30 per cent in case used together with fertilizers

The study also revealed that with application of micronutrients the then average Irish potatoes yield estimated at 22 tonnes per hectare, could increase up to 40 tons while maize yield could raise from 3.8 tons a hectare to 6.5 tons, wheat yield from 2.3 tons to 4 tons per hectare while rice could shift from five to eight tons per hectare.

2016-01-15T23:30:00.002-08:00

Flash FM opens television

By Théogène Nsengimana

Radio Flash, a local private owned radio station will next week launch a television station. The TV station identified as Flash TV is expected to be access on Star times.

Speaking to The New Times, Felix Buteera, head of programming at Flash TV said the Flash TV will be a family focused television for its better contribution to household development

He said “Flash TV will be a family TV as our content will be able to handle and appeal to members of households comprehensive programmes targeting the family. Through entertainment and education we will be able to disseminate information touching all aspects of life”.

Focus on local content

With the digital migration, Rwanda has seen more private owned Television coming on board. However, the new TV stations have always been accused of insufficient local content.

Meanwhile, Buteera said that local content will be at the heart of their programs.

He said “80 per cent of our programs will be aired in Kinyarwanda as it is the language understood by most of Rwandans. We will start with one news bulletin per day that will be aired at 8:00 PM. I hope we will be able to deliver quality, focused and informative content in our bulletins since we won’t rely much on events. We will rather focus on what touches the daily needs of our people. We will later introduce an English bulletin so that we can satisfy our viewers who do not understand Kinyarwanda”

“Our plan is to integrate our radio correspondents in Television so that we can have news from country wide so that we can satisfy our viewers. However, we will also stretch a bit on regional and international news since Rwandans are also interested in knowing what is happening in other countries”, he explained

Digital TV to be operational by the next week

According to Buteera, Flash TV is to be operational by the next week.

He said “installation process was completed, all the set up have been designed; what we are waiting for is to receive a channel from Star times and later to other platforms. In one week we expect to receive the channel and start testing signal, then after we will start operations”.

We will do all our production in HD (high definition) format as we are equipped with quality digital equipment including robot cameras; high quality studio lighting equipment and other needed materials are ready. However, our viewers will receive our signals in SD (secure digital) format, he explained

Development in private TVs

In 2008, the government announced plans to digitalize the Rwanda Broadcasting Agency (RBA) network following the June 17, 2015 deadline set by the International Telecommunication Union for analogue TV switch-over. Rwanda Utility Regulatory authority (RURA),then licensed Tele10, Star Africa Media, TransAfrica and Sorim to import top boxes (decoders), and Azam TV than came in 2015 to facilitate the switch-over

The switch to digital broadcasting has boosted the industry, with a number of local TV stations setting up shop

According to RURA there are currently 23 licensed private TV stations. Some of them have already started while others have not yet. These are namely TV10, Super TV, Lemigo TV/Royal TV, Family TV, Contact TV, Digital media professional (DMP) TV ,Light House TV,KTV, Capital TV, Max TV,TV1, Mwananchi pay TV, Isango Star TV, Yego TV, Flash TV, Mark Media TV, Goodrich TV,TV plus, Cloud TV, Exalto TV, Ishema TV, BTN TV, and Sana TV.

There are also over 15 private radios that are mainly commercial, community and faith based radio stations.

2014-07-04T23:27:00.002-07:00

Amatariki y’ingenzi y’ urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda

Tariki ya 1 Ukwakira, ni itariki yibutsa itangira ry’urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda rwatangiye mu 1990, ubwo ingabo zari iza FPR Inkotanyi, APR, zahagurukiye kubohora u Rwanda ndetse zihagarika jenoside yakorewe abatutsi.

Mu mwaka wa 1990
Tariki ya 1 Ukwakira : Umupaka wa Kagitumba wagabweho igitero. Cyabaye ikimenyetso cy’itangira ry’urugamba rwamaze imyaka ine nyuma y’uko abari bagize umuryango FPR Inkotanyi biyemeje kubohora igihugu hifashishijwe inzira y’intambara.
APR, ishami rya gisirikare rya FPR, ku ikubitiro ryari riyobowe na Jenerali Majoro Fred Gisa Rwigema wari uyoboye uru rugamba. Bageze i Kagitumba, Rwigema yasobanuye mu magambo make impamvu y’urugamba rwari rutangiye, avuga ko mu mateka y’u Rwanda ubuyobozi bubi ari bwo bwazanye amacakubiri n’ibindi bibazo byose byari byugarije u Rwanda.
Yababwiye ko akazi kabo kagomba ubwitange, yagize ati “Abafite ubwoba basubire inyuma, kuko intambara dutangiye ikomeye ... kandi ntimwibeshye ngo hari abandi bazayidufasha atari Abanyarwanda ubwabo.”
Mu gihe kingana n’iminsi 14 ya mbere y’urugamba, bamwe mu bayobozi bakuru ba APR barishwe bitera icyuho gikomeye mu buyobozi, ndetse n’umuhate utangira kugabanuka ku basirikare bari basigaye.
Mu bishwe harimo Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo z’Inkotanyi, Jenerali Majoro Fred Gisa Rwigema wishwe arasiwe Nyabwishongwezi nk’uko amakuru yatangajwe icyo gihe yabyemeje, yarashwe tariki ya 2 Ukwakira 1990. Abari bamuri hafi bavuga ko ijambo rya nyuma yavuze rigira riti “Aduyi amenipiga”(ugenekereje bivuga ngo “umwanzi arandashe).
Nyuma yo gucika intege kw’aba basirikare kubera urupfu rwa Rwigema, kuwa 20 Ukwakira 1990, Perezida Paul Kagame wari Majoro yavuye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika aho yari ku ishuri maze akomeza kuyobora urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, azana uburyo bushya bw’imirwanire n’izindi mpinduka nyinshi zatumye APR itsinda uru rugamba.
Tariki ya 4 Ukwakira : Ingabo z’Abafaransa 300 zageze mu Rwanda mu butumwa bwo kurinda Abafaransa bari mu gihugu ndetse icyo gihe nibwo batayo ya 9 y’ingabo za RPA zafashe Umujyi wa Nyagatare.
Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 4 rishyira kuwa 5 Ukwakira, Guverinoma ya Habyarimana yavuze ko Inkontanyi zateye Umujyi wa Kigali. Yahise ifunga Abatutsi basaga ibihumbi 10, n’abandi banyapolitiki benshi mu bice bitandukanye by’u Rwanda.
Tariki ya 5 Ukwakira : Abasirikare 535 b’Ababiligi n’abaturutse muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo yitwaga Zaire baje gutera ingabo mu bitugu ingabo za Habyarimana.
Tariki ya 6 ni ya 7 : Batayo ya 4 y’ingabo za RPA yafashe Gabiro.
Tariki ya 8 Ukwakira : Nyuma y’isibaniro n’Inkotanyi i Kagitumba, ingabo za FAR (Force d’ Armé Rwandaise) zishe Abahima 1,000 bo mu Mutara bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi.
Tariki ya 11 kugera kuri 13 Ukwakira : Mu Rwanda hakozwe ubwicanyi bwahitanye Abatutsi bagera kuri 400 mu cyahoze ari Komini Kibilira ku Gisenyi, aho byiswe igerageza rya jenoside.
Tariki ya 23 Ukwakira : I Ryabega habereye urupfu rwa bamwe mu basirikare bakomeye mu Nkotanyi barimo Major Bunyenyezi na Major Bayingana,baguye mu mutego wa FAR.
Tariki ya 1 Ugushyingo : Hatangiye intambara yo mu ishyamba, ndetse ku itariki ya 3, Inkotanyi zifata umuhanda ujya Gatuna.
Tariki ya 13 Ugushyingo : Perezida Habyarimana yemereye amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi gukora, ndetse anavuga ko ubwoko bugomba gukurwa mu ndangamuntu n’ubwo bitigeze bikorwa.
Mu mwaka wa 1991
Tariki ya 3 Mutarama : APR-Inkontanyi yahinduye isura y’imirwano igaba igitero gikomeye mu duce twa Gatuna na Kaniga mu rwego rwo kwima inzira ibikoresho by’ingabo za FAR.
Tariki ya 7 Mutarama : Abanyarwanda benshi bakatiwe igihano cy’urupfu bitwa ibyitso by’Inkontanyi.
Tariki 23 Mutarama : Inkotanyi zafashe Umujyi wa Ruhengeri zifungura imfungwa ;
Kuri iyi tariki kandi habayeho guhagarika intambara, hashyirwaho GOM (Umutwe w’indorerezi w’abasirikari wari uhuje Inkotanyi na FAR).
Mu mpera za Mutarama kugera mu ntangiriro za Werurwe, hishwe Abagogwe bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi bari hagati ya Magana atanu n’igihumbi.
Tariki ya 16 Nzeri : Habayeho imishyikirano ya Leta y’u Rwanda na FPR-Inkotanyi ibera mu cyahoze ari Zayire (RDC) ahitwa Nsele-Gbadolite.
Mu mwaka wa 1992
Muri Werurwe, hashinzwe ishyaka rya CDR, icyo gihe hishwe Abatutsi bagera kuri 300 mu Bugesera.
Muri Gicurasi : Igitero gikomeye cya RPA cyafashe zimwe muri komini, bituma abaturage basaga ibihumbi 350 bava mu byabo.
Muri Kanama : Abatutsi benshi barishwe ku Kibuye.
Mu Gushyingo : Leon Mugesera yavuze ijambo ku Kabaya aho yakanguriraga Abahutu gutsemba Abatutsi, avuga ko bazasubizwa aho yavugaga ko bakomoka muri Abisiniya (Ethiopia) banyujijwe mu mugezi wa Nyabarongo.
Mu mwaka wa 1993
Tariki ya 8 Gashyantare : RPA yigaruriye igice kinini cy’igihugu iza no gusubira inyuma, mu rwego rwo kumvisha amahanga ko Abatutsi bakomeje kwicwa urubozo n’ubuyobozi bwari buriho.
Tariki ya 8 Werurwe : Hasohotse Raporo Mpuzamanga yerekanaga uruhare rw’ibiro bya Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Abagogwe muri Perefegitura za Gisenyi na Ruhengeri.
Tariki ya 7 Mata : Guverinoma ya Habyarimana yakiriye iyo raporo, ihakana byimazeyo ibyari biyikubiyemo.
Kanama : Hatangiye Radio RTLM yacishagaho ibiganiro bibiba urwango rukomeye mu Bahutu, aho bigishwaga ko Umututsi aho ava akagera ari umwanzi.
Tariki ya 4 Kanama : RPA na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda byasabwaga kubahiriza imyanzuro yari ikubiye mu masezerano ya Arusha, guverinoma yari iriho yakomeje gutoza imitwe yakoze Jenoside irimo Interahamwe, Impuzamigambi ndetse n’abandi bambari bagombaga gukora ubwicanyi.
Tariki ya 28 Ukuboza : Batayo ya gatatu y’ingabo za RPA (abasirikare 600) yageze i Kigali muri CND, mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa amasezerano ya Arusha.
Mu mwaka wa 1994
Tariki ya 6 Mata : Indege yari itwaye Perezida Habyarimana yarashwe saa mbiri n’igice z’ijoro (8h30’) ubwo yagarukaga i Kigali ivuye I Dar-es-Salaam muri Tanzania.
Yarashwe ubwo yiteguraga kugwa ku Kibuga cy’indege cya Kigali i Kanombe, Habyarimana apfana na Ntaryamira Cyprien wari Perezida w’u Burundi, kuko yari yasabye mugenzi we ko yamufasha akihutisha urugendo (indege ya Ntaryamira ngo yari ishaje) agasubira I Burundi bwangu.
Tariki ya 7 Mata : Minisitiri w’Intebe muri Leta ya Habyarimana, Uwilingiyimana Agathe n’ingabo 10 z’Ababilibi zamurindaga barishwe. Hishwe kandi n’abandi banyapolitiki batavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwariho.
Iki gihe Jenoside yahise ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu bice bya Butare, Gitarama na Murambi ya Byumba.
Tariki ya 8 Mata : Ingabo za RPA zafashe umugambi wo gutera Kigali, ndetse no guhagarika Jenoside mu maguru mashya.
Tariki ya 14 Mata : U Bubiligi bwategetse hutihuti ingabo zabwo kuva mu Rwanda no mu ngabo za Loni ku buryo kugeza tariki ya 20 uwa nyuma yari amaze kuva mu Rwanda.
Tariki ya 18 Mata : RPA yashenye inyubako yakoreragamo radiyo RTLM yashinjwaga kwirakwiza umwuka mubi w’urwango mu Banyarwanda.
Tariki ya 19 Mata : Perezida w’inzibacyuho Sindikubwabo Theodore wasimbuye Perezida Habyarimana, yatanze imbwirwaruhame I Butare aho avuka ashishikariza abaturage guhaguruka bakica Abatutsi ; bidatinze, umuntu utari ushyigikiye uwo mugambi na we yahise atangira guhigwa bukware ndetse akicwa.
Tariki ya 21 Mata : Inkotanyi zabohoye Perefegitura ya Byumba.
Tariki ya 21 na 22 Mata : Akanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano mu mwanzuro wako wa 1912, kategetse ingabo zayo kuva mu Rwanda hagasigara 270.
Tariki ya 30 Mata : RPA yagenzuraga umupaka wa Rusumo uherereye ku mupaka wa Tanzaniya.
Tariki ya 16 Gicurasi : RPA yafunze umuhanda Gitarama-Kigali.
Tariki ya 22 Gicurasi : RPA yafashe ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cy’i Kigali
n’ikigo cya gisirikare cya Kanombe.
Tariki ya 29 Gicurasi : RPA yafashe Umujyi wa Nyanza.
Tariki ya 2 Kamena : RPA yabohoye Kabgayi, ikiza abahigwaga bari baraturutse mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu bahahungiye kuko bari bizeye ko Imana yaho bajyaga birahira yari kubarengera.
Tariki ya 13 Kamena : RPA yafashe Umujyi wa Gitarama aho Guverinoma y’inzibacyuho yakoreraga, gusa muri icyo gihe, iyi guverinoma yari yamaze kwerekeza ku Gisenyi tariki ya 10 Kamena.
Tariki ya 21 Kamena : Mu gushyira mu bikorwa umwanzuro wa Loni wa 929, Ingabo za mbere z’Abafaransa zageze ku mipaka y’u Rwanda na Zaire muri gahunda yiswe “Operation Turquoise”.
Tariki ya 28 : I Genève mu Busuwisi , Loni yashize ahagaragara raporo yemeza ko mu Rwanda harimo gukorerwa Jenoside y’Abatutsi.
Tariki ya 4 Nyakanga : RPA yabohoye Umujyi wa Kigali nyuma yo kubohora Butare ku ya 3 uko kwezi. Guverinoma yari iriho yahise yerekeza mu buhungiro muri Zayire.
Tariki ya 14 Nyakanga : RPA yabohoye Umujyi wa Ruhengeri.
Tariki ya 17 Nyakanga : RPA yabohoye Umujyi wa Gisenyi.
Tariki ya 19 Nyakanga : Hashinzwe Guverinoma y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.
Ngayo amwe mu mateka n’ ibikorwa bitandukanye by’ingenzi byaranze urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda.
N’ubwo uru rugamba rwatangiriye i Kagitumba, hari n’ibindi bice by’igihugu Inkotanyi zagiye zishyiramo ibirindiro kugirango zitegure urugamba neza, ari nabyo byabagejeje ku ntsinzi nyayo. Hamwe muri ho ni ku Murindi wa Byumba, ubu ni mu Karere ka Gicumbi.
Iyi nkuru yakozwe hifashishijwe imbuga za interineti zitandukanye zanditse kuri aya mateka

2014-05-08T01:35:00.002-07:00

Menya bamwe mu bantu bagize amateka akomeye mu gihe cya gikoroni mu Rwanda

Mu mateka y’u Rwanda hari abantu bakomeye bagiye bigaragaza cyangwa bakagaragara mu bikorwa byamenyekanye cyane mu mateka y’ u Rwanda. Abo barimo Abanyarwanda ndetse n’abazungu barimo abategetsi n’abihaye Imana. Bamwe muri abo bantu ni aba bakurikira :
SHARANGABO

Sharangabo ni mwene Rwabugiri Kigeri IV. Uyu Sharangabo azwi ho kuba ari we wakiriye abazungu igihe baje mu Rwanda. Sharangabo yatwaraga u Buganza bw’epfo i Rwamagana. Ni we wayoboye abazungu abajyana i Kageyo aho babonaniye na se Kigeri IV Rwabugiri (Mu murenge wa Kageyo akarere ka Ngororero ubu).
Abo bazungu bari bayobowe na Comte Gustav Adolph Von Goetzen w’Umudage bahuye tariki 12 Gicurasi1894. Nyuma yo kugeza Goetzen i Kageyo kwa Rwabugiri bivugwa ko uyu muzungu yahamaze iminsi ine kuko yahageze tariki 29 Gicurasi akahava tariki 2 Kamena.
ADOLPH VON GOETZEN

Adolph Von Goetzen yabonanye na Kigeri IV Rwabugiri bamarana iminsi ine nyuma akomeza urugendo rwe mu karere aho yavuye ajya gutanga raporo y’uko urugendo rwagenze.
Umwami YUHI V MUSINGA

Ni mwene Kigeri IV Rwabugiri. Yimye ingoma mu 1897 Mibambwe IV Rutarindwa amaze kugwa ku Rucunshu. Ingoma ye yaranzwe n’ingorane zikomeye z’ubutegetsi kuko yategetse igihe abazungu bageze mu Rwanda batangira kugenda bamwambura bumwe mu bubasha yari asanganywe nk’ umwami.
Azwiho kuba yaranganye n’abapadiri b’abazungu avuga ko bamugandishiriza abantu n’ingabo. Yarezwe na bamwe mu bo mu muryango we barimo ba nyirarume. Yakuwe ku bwami bigizwemo uruhare na Musenyeri Leon Classe bamucira i Kamembe nyuma bamucira i Moba muri Zaire (RDC). Aho niho yaguye mu 1944.
KABARE KA RWAKAGARA
Uyu ni musaza wa Kanjogera nyina wa Musinga. Azwiho kuba yararwanye mu ntambara yo ku Rucunchu ku ruhande rwa mwishywa we Musinga. Ni we wagize ati” Haguma umwami ingoma irabazwa”. Yayoboranye igihugu na mushiki we Kanjogera igihe Musinga yari akiri umwana ataregurirwa ubwami ari mu bagiriye umwami inama y’uko abapadiri bubaka kure y’ibwami. Yapfuye tariki 29 Werurwe 1911.
HANS RAMSAY

Uyu ni we wazanye ibendera ry’u Budage arisigira Musinga. Tariki ya 25 Werurwe 1897 uwo mudage yasanze u mwami Musinga i Gitwiko mu Karere ka Muhanga ubu, amuzaniye igipapuro kiriho amasezerano yagiranye n’Abadage yo ku murinda.
Musenyeri HIRTH

Uyu musenyeri yageze i Nyanza i bwami kwa Musinga tariki 2 Gashyantare 1897. Yari aherekejwe na ba padiri Brand na Barthelemy bahamara iminsi ibiri. Bahavuye berekeza i Mara mu Murenge wa Ruhashya bahava berekeza hakurya yaho i Save bahubaka Misiyoni (Paruwasi) ya mbere ya Save.
Musenyeri Hirith ni we washinze Seminari nkuru y’i Hangiro muri Tanzaniya yoherejwemo abafaratiri ba mbere b’Abanyarwanda. Ni na we washinze Seminari nto y’i Kabgayi. Yatabarutse tariki 6 Mata 1932.
Dr RICHARD KANDT

Uyu yabaye Rezida w’ u Rwanda akurikiye De Clerck. Abanyarwanda bari baramwise Kanayoge. Yabaye Rezida wa mbere w’Umudage mu Rwanda mu 1907 ari na bwo yashyize umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda i Kigali.
Musenyeri LEON CLASSE

Leon Classe ni Umufaransa ukomoka mu Ntara ya Lorraine mu Bufaransa. Yavukiye i Metz tariki ya 28 Kamena 1874. Yabaye igisonga cya Musenyeri Hirth anayobora icyitwaga Vikariati (icyo twagereranya na Diyosezi) ya mbere y’ i Kabgayi. Azwiho kuba ari we wanditse ibaruwa ndende yo kuburana igice cy’u Rwanda cy’i Gisaka n’u Buganza bwa ruguru cyari cyatwawe n’Abongereza ndetse ajya no kubisobanura i Burayi mu 1919. Musenyeri Leon Classe yagize uruhare mu gukuraho Musinga no kwimika umwami Mutara III RUdahigwa.
BASEBYA BA NYIRANTWARI
Uyu yari umutwa wahoze mu ngabo z’Abashakamba za Rwabugiri. Nyuma y’intambara yo ku Rucuncu Basebya yifatanyije na Ndungutse bagomera umwami Musinga wari umaze kugera ku ngoma. Basebya yagabweho igitero na Godowius afatanyije n’umutware Rwubusisi Yozefu bamwica tariki 12 Mata 1912.
Umwami MUTARA III RUDAHIGWA KAROLI LEWO PETERO

Yavutse muri Werurwe 1911 yimye kuwa 16 Ukuboza 1931 atoranyijwe na Musenyeri Leo Classe. Azwiho kuba yarangaga akarengane. Yaciye ubuhake mu 1953. Yashyiraga igitsure ku batware batitabiraga inzira y’amajyambere n’abihaga gusuzugura. Yatanze tariki 25 Nyakanga 1959 afite imyaka 48.

2014-04-12T06:42:00.006-07:00

radio: studio and control room

Area with two rooms separated by a glass window where audio programs are produced, recorded or broadcast.

turntable

Device using an arm fitted with a stylus cartridge to play back sounds from a record.

record player

control room

Room adjacent to the studio that is equipped with sound control and recording equipment; the director monitors the on-air program from here.

bargraph-type peak meter

Instrument measuring peak sound intensity in a predetermined time period.

audio console

Console made up of all the devices used to control, adjust and mix sound.

jack field

Series of connector sockets (jacks) allowing various pieces of equipment to be linked to the audio console.

producer turret

Control unit with a microphone that is used by the program’s producer to communicate with the announcer.

stop watch

Instrument that precisely measures time in minutes, seconds and fractions of seconds.

cassette deck

Device used to play back and record sounds on a recording tape cassette.

cassette tape deck

compact disc player

Device using a laser beam to play back sounds recorded on a compact disc (CD).

compact disc player

digital audio tape recorder

Device using a small magnetic tape cartridge to digitally record a program for later broadcast.

cartridge tape recorder

Device for analog recording of a program for later broadcast using a magnetic tape cartridge.

tone leader generator

Device producing the tracking or technical tuning signals that is inserted at the beginning of a recording.

clock

Clock used to time a program.

volume unit meters

Instruments measuring the relative intensity of the various sounds being broadcast or recorded.

audio monitor

Device that reproduces the audio portion of an on-air program to monitor its sound quality.

loudspeakers

on-air warning light

Light indicating that a program is being broadcast.

announcer turret

Control unit used by a program host or announcer mainly to turn a microphone on or off.

microphone

Device that converts electric pulses into broadcast or recorded sounds.

dynamic microphone [1]

studio

Soundproof area designed for sound recording; radio programs are produced here.

2014-04-09T03:53:00.001-07:00

Les interventions doivent

avoir pour but de :

Prévenir les grossesses précoces

Réduire le nombre de mariages avant

l’âge de 18 ans

Susciter la compréhension et l’appui à

la réduction du nombre de grossesses

avant l’âge de 20 ans

Augmenter l’utilisation de la

contraception chez les adolescentes

qui risquent de tomber enceintes sans

le vouloir

Réduire le nombre de rapports sexuels

forcés chez les adolescentes

Prévenir les conséquences négatives

en matière de santé reproductive

Réduire le nombre d’avortements à

risque chez les adolescentes

Accroître l’utilisation de soins qualifiés

durant la grossesse, l’accouchement et

la période postnatale

Près de 16 millions d’adolescentes âgées de 15 à 19 ans

accouchent chaque année dans le monde.

95% de ces naissances surviennent dans des pays en développement.

Cela représente 11 % des naissances à l’échelle mondiale. Pour certaines

adolescentes, la grossesse et la maternité sont planifiées et désirées mais

pour de nombreuses autres, ce n’est pas le cas. De nombreux facteurs

contribuent à ces grossesses non désirées. Les adolescentes peuvent subir

des pressions pour qu’elles se marient et enfantent jeunes, ou ont de faibles

perspectives d'éducation et d’emploi. Certaines ne savent pas comment

éviter une grossesse, tandis que d’autres ne sont pas en mesure d’obtenir

des moyens de contraception. Les adolescentes ne sont parfois pas capables

de refuser des rapports sexuels non désirés ou de résister à des rapports

sexuels forcés. Il est plus difficile pour des adolescentes qui tombent

enceintes d’avoir accès à des avortements légaux et sûrs que pour des

adultes. Elles ont également un accès moindre à des soins qualifiés pendant

la grossesse, l’accouchement et la période postnatale.

Dans les pays à revenu faible et modéré, les complications liées à la

grossesse et à l’accouchement sont la principale cause de décès chez

les jeunes femmes de 15 à 19 ans. En 2008, il y a eu environ 3 millions

d’avortements à risque chez les 15-19 ans.

Les répercussions négatives de la grossesse chez l’adolescente concernent

également la santé de leurs nourissons. La mortalité périnatale augmente

d’environ 50 % chez les bébés nés de mères âgées de moins de 20 ans que

chez les bébés nés de mères âgées de 20 à 29 ans. Les bébés nés de mères

adolescentes sont plus enclins à avoir un faible poids à la naissance avec des

risques à long terme sur leur santé.

Cette note est basée sur les Directives de l’Organisation mondiale de la

Santé (OMS) sur la prévention de la grossesse précoce et ses conséquences

en matière de santé reproductive chez les adolescentes dans les pays en

développement. Elle présente les éléments de preuve nécessaires pour

formuler des recommandations sur les actions à mener et les recherches à

entreprendre pour prévenir les grossesses précoces et leurs répercussions

négatives en matière de santé reproductive.

WHO

Prévenir les grossesses précoces et

leurs conséquences en matière de santé

reproductive chez les adolescentes dans

les pays en développement : les faits

Plus de 30 % des filles vivant dans des pays

développement

se marient avant l’âge de 18 ans; environ 14 % se

marient avant l’âge de15 ans. Les mariages précoces sont un facteur de

risque pour les grossesses précoces et entraînent des effets néfastes en

matière de santé reproductive. En outre, se marier jeune prolonge le cycle

de la sous-éducation et de la pauvreté.

Les recommandations de l’OMS pour réduire le nombre de mariages

précoces sont basées sur 21 études et rapports de projets et sur les

conclusions d’un panel d’experts. Les études ont été menées en Afghanistan,

au Bangladesh, en Égypte, en Éthiopie, en Inde, au Kenya, au Népal, au

Sénégal et au Yémen, entre autres. Le principal résultat de certains de

ces projets et études était qu’il faut repousser l’âge du mariage. Pour d’autres, ce résultat était secondaire par rapport à

d’autres facteurs tel que le taux de rétention scolaire qui influe sur les connaissances et les attitudes, ou le changement

de comportement sexuel. Les résultats de ces études et projets soutiennent les initiatives au niveau des politiques, des

individus, des familles et des communautés pour prévenir les mariages précoces.

Que peuvent faire les responsables politiques ?

INTERDIRE LE MARIAGE PRÉCOCE.

Dans de nombreux pays, les lois n’interdisent pas le mariage avant l’âge de 18 ans. Même dans des pays où de telles lois

existent, elles ne sont pas appliquées. Les responsables politiques doivent adopter et appliquer des lois qui interdisent le

mariage avant l’âge de 18 ans.

Que peuvent faire les individus, les familles et les communautés ?

MAINTENIR LES FILLES À L’ÉCOLE.

À travers le monde, le taux de scolarité des filles est plus élevé que jamais. L’éducation des filles a un impact positif sur leur

santé, celle de leurs enfants et celle de leurs communautés. Par ailleurs, les filles scolarisées sont moins à même d’être

mariées trop jeunes. Malheureusement, le taux de scolarisation chute après cinq ou six années d’école.

Les responsables

politiques doivent offrir davantage d’opportunités éducatives formelles et non formelles aux filles, aussi bien aux niveaux

primaire que secondaire.

INFLUENCER

LES NORMES CULTURELLES QUI SOUTIENNENT

LE MARIAGE PRÉCOCE.

Dans certaines régions du monde, il est attendu que les filles se marient et aient des enfants au début ou en pleine

adolescence, bien avant qu’elles ne soient prêtes physiquement ou mentalement. Les parents se sentent obligés, du fait de

certaines normes et traditions dominantes et de contraintes économiques, de marier leurs filles dès le plus jeune âge. Les

responsables de communautés doivent travailler avec toutes les parties

concernées pour remettre en cause et changer ces normes relatives au mariage précoce.

Que peuvent faire les chercheurs ?

•

Montrer par les faits quels types d’interventions peuvent déboucher sur l’élaboration de lois et de politiques propres à

protéger les adolescentes d’un mariage précoce (ex: campagnes de sensibilisation).

•

Mieux comprendre la façon dont des incitations économiques et des programmes offrant d’autres moyens de

subsistance peuvent repousser l’âge du mariage.

•

Développer de meilleures méthodes pour mesurer l’impact de l’éducation et de la scolarisation sur l’âge du mariage.

•

Evaluer la faisabilité des interventions déjà mises en place visant à informer et à autonomiser les adolescentes, leurs

familles et leurs communautés de manière à repousser l’âge du mariage, et étudier la possibilité de porter ce type

d’intervention à grande échelle.

Les femmes et la santé: la réalité d’aujourd’hui, le programme de demain.

Genève, Organisation mondiale de la Santé, 2009.

La Situation des enfants dans le monde 2011: L’adolescence – l’âge de tous les possibles.

New York, UNICEF, 2011.

RÉDUIRE LE NOMBRE DE MARIAGES AVANT L’ÂGE DE 18 ANS

UNFPA

Au niveau mondial, une femme sur cinq a un enfant

avant l’âge de 18 ans. Dans les régions les plus

pauvres du monde, ce chiffre est de plus d’une femme sur trois.

iii

grossesse précoce chez les adolescentes

est plus

fréquente dans les populations pauvres, moins éduquées et vivant dans des zones rurales.

Les recommandations de l’OMS pour réduire le nombre de grossesses précoces sont basées sur deux revues systématiques

évaluées par le système GRADE, trois études non évaluées par ce même système et sur les conclusions d’un panel d’experts.

Les études menées dans le cadre des revues systématiques incluaient celles des pays en développement (Mexique et

Nigéria) et celles menées sur des groupes socio-économiques pauvres dans les pays développés. Dans l’ensemble, ces

études montrent que le nombre de grossesses chez les adolescentes diminue chez celles qui ont participé aux programmes

d’éducation sexuelle, d’appui financier, d’éducation préscolaire et de développement de la jeunesse mais aussi à des

programmes de préparation à l’acquisition de compétences de la vie. Une étude a démontré que le nombre de grossesses

répétées diminuait suite à une intervention qui proposait, entre autres, des visites des services sociaux à domicile.

Que peuvent faire les responsables politiques ?

SOUTENIR LES PROGRAMMES DE PRÉVENTION DES GROSSESSES

CHEZ LES ADOLESCENTES

La combinaison de normes sociales, de traditions et de contraintes économiques expliquent les grossesses précoces. Dans le

même temps, la réticence vis-à-vis de l’éducation sexuelle persiste. Les responsables politiques doivent soutenir fermement

et publiquement les efforts visant à prévenir les grossesses précoces. Ils doivent veiller plus particulièrement à ce que des

programmes d’éducation sexuelle soient mis en place.

Que peuvent faire les individus, les familles et les communautés ?

ÉDUQUER LES ADOLESCENTS SUR LEUR SEXUALITÉ.

De nombreux adolescents commencent à avoir des relations sexuelles avant même de savoir comment éviter des grossesses

non désirées ou des infections sexuellement transmissibles. L’effet d’entraînement de groupe et l’envie de se conformer

aux stéréotypes augmentent la probabilité de relations sexuelles précoces et non protégées. Afin de prévenir la grossesse

précoce, l‘éducation sexuelle dans les programmes scolaires doit être largement mise en œuvre. Ces programmes doivent

développer l’acquisition d’aptitudes à la vie quotidienne, apporter un soutien pour la compréhension et la gestion des

pensées, des sentiments et des émotions qui accompagnent la maturité sexuelle. Ces programmes seront en lien avec des

structures de conseil et délivrance en matière de contraception.

OBTENIR LE SOUTIEN DES COMMUNAUTÉS DANS LA PRÉVENTION DES GROSSESSES PRÉCOCES.

Dans certaines régions, les communautés refusent de reconnaître que les jeunes ont des relations sexuelles avant le mariage

et elles rejettent toute tentative de discuter sérieusement de la façon dont elles pourraient

réagir face à cette situation. Un dialogue avec les familles et les communautés doit être engagé afin qu’elles participent aux

efforts visant à prévenir les grossesses précoces et les infections sexuellement

transmissibles, y compris le VIH.

Que peuvent faire les chercheurs ?

•

Démontrer par les faits l’impact des interventions visant à prévenir la grossesse précoce, notamment les programmes

visant à augmenter les possibilités d’emploi et le taux de rétention scolaire, à renforcer l’offre éducative et à renforcer

les services sociaux.

•

Mener des recherches dans différents contextes socio-culturels pour déterminer quelles interventions faisables et

généralisables peuvent être faites pour réduire le nombre de grossesses précoces chez les adolescentes.

iii

Objectifs du Millénaire pour le développement.

Rapport de 2011, New York, Nations Unies, 2011.

Les femmes et la santé: la réalité d’aujourd’hui, le programme de demain.

Genève, Organisation mondiale de la Santé, 2009.

SUSCITER LA COMPRÉHENSION ET l’APPUI À LA RÉDUCTION DU NOMBRE DE

GROSSESSES

AVANT L’ÂGE DE 20 ANS

Les adolescents (es) sexuellement actifs(ves) sont moins susceptibles que les adultes d’utiliser

des moyens de contraception

y compris dans les lieux où ils sont largement disponibles.

Les recommandations de l’OMS visant à augmenter l’utilisation de la contraception sont basées sur sept études évaluées

par le système GRADE de l’OMS, 26 études non évaluées par ce même système menées dans 17 pays et sur les conclusions

d’un panel d’experts. Les études ont été menées aux Bahamas, au Belize, au Brésil, au Cameroun, au Chili, en Chine, en Inde,

au Kenya, à Madagascar, au Mali, au Mexique, au Népal, au Nicaragua, en Sierra Leone, en Afrique du Sud, en Tanzanie et

en Thaïlande. Certaines études s’intéressaient exclusivement à l’augmentation de l’utilisation des préservatifs tandis que

d’autres s’intéressaient à un recours plus important aux contraceptifs hormonaux et à la contraception d’urgence. Dans

certaines études, le résultat principal était une augmentation de la contraception et dans d’autres, ce résultat apparaissait

comme secondaire. Certaines études portaient exclusivement sur les activités des systèmes de santé (comme la vente libre ou

l’approvisionnement des cliniques en contraceptifs), et d’autres s’intéressaient à l’engagement des communautés et des parties

concernées pour encourager l’utilisation des contraceptifs. Dans l’ensemble, ces études montrent qu’il est possible d’accroître

l’utilisation des contraceptifs en agissant à différents niveaux – aux niveaux des politiques, des familles, des communautés et

des systèmes de santé.

Que peuvent faire les responsables politiques ?

ADOPTER DES LOIS QUI AUTORISENT L’ACCÈS À DES INFORMATIONS SUR

LA CONTRACEPTION ET À DES SERVICES DE CONTRACEPTION.

Dans de nombreux pays, les lois et les politiques mises en place empêchent la distribution de contraceptifs aux jeunes

adolescents ou aux adolescents qui ne sont pas mariés. Les responsables politiques doivent intervenir pour réformer les

politiques afin de permettre l’accès à la contraception pour tous les adolescents.

BAISSER LE PRIX DES CONTRACEPTIFS POUR LES ADOLESCENTS.*

Des contraintes financières peuvent réduire l’utilisation de contraceptifs parmi les adolescents les plus pauvres. Les

responsables politiques devraient envisager une intervention en vue de réduire le coût des contraceptifs pour les adolescents.

Que peuvent faire les individus, les familles et les communautés ?

ÉDUQUER LES ADOLESCENTS SUR L’UTILISATION DES CONTRACEPTIFS.

Les adolescents peuvent ne pas savoir où obtenir des contraceptifs et comment les utiliser de manière appropriée. Il faut

mener de front les efforts visant à fournir des informations précises sur les contraceptifs et à dispenser une éducation sexuelle.

FAIRE EN SORTE QUE LES COMMUNAUTÉS SOUTIENNENT LA DISTRIBUTION DE

CONTRACEPTIFS AUPRÈS DES ADOLESCENTS.

Les communautés continuent de résister aux initiatives de distribution de contraceptifs aux adolescents, en particulier à ceux

qui ne sont pas mariés. Il faut établir un dialogue avec les membres des communautés et faire en sorte qu’ils soutiennent la

distribution de moyens contraceptifs.

Que peuvent faire les systèmes de santé ?

PERMETTRE AUX ADOLESCENTS D’AVOIR ACCÈS À DES SERVICES DE CONTRACEPTION.

ouvent, les adolescents ne cherchent pas à avoir recours à des services de contraception parce qu’ils ont peur de la

stigmatisation sociale ou d’être jugés par le personnel médical. Les systèmes de santé doivent pouvoir mieux répondre aux

besoins des adolescents et être plus accueillants.

Que peuvent faire les chercheurs ?

•

Démontrer par les faits l’efficacité des différentes interventions visant à accroître l’utilisation des contraceptifs grâce

à l’adoption de lois et à la mise en place de politiques favorables, à la baisse des prix des contraceptifs, à l’appui des

communautés pour l’accès des adolescents aux contraceptifs et en vente libre de contraceptifs hormonaux.

•

Comprendre comment les normes de genre ont un impact sur l’utilisation des contraceptifs et comment transformer ces

normes pour faire accepter l’utilisation de contraceptifs.

Recommandation conditionnelle

How uni

versal is access to reproductive health? A review of the evidence

. New York, Fonds des Nations Unies pour la population, 2010.

AUGMENTER L’UTILISATION DE LA CONTRACEPTION

Dans de nombreux pays, les jeunes filles subissent de fortes pressions pour qu’elles aient des

rapports sexuels

, pressions souvent exercées par des membres de leurs familles. Dans certains pays, plus d’un tiers des

filles affirment

que leur premier rapport sexuel a été forcé

Les recommandations de l’OMS visant à réduire le nombre de rapports sexuels forcés sont basées sur deux études évaluées

par le système GRADE de l’OMS, six études de la législation non évaluées par ce même système et sur l’expérience collective

et l’opinion d’un panel d’experts. Les études et les examens de la législation ont été menés au Botswana, en Inde, au Kenya,

en Afrique du Sud, en Tanzanie et au Zimbabwe. Dans l’ensemble, ces études montrent que des actions visant à influencer

les communautés et à changer les normes relatives au genre peuvent avoir un impact positif

en permettant aux filles de

s’opposer aux rapports sexuels forcés

et en changeant les attitudes des hommes et des garçons au sujet des rapports sexuels

forcés.

Que peuvent faire les responsables politiques ?

INTERDIRE LES RAPPORTS SEXUELS FORCÉS.

Dans de nombreux pays, les responsables de l’application des lois ne poursuivent pas activement ceux qui ont forcé un autre

individu à avoir des rapports sexuels et il est souvent difficile pour les victimes de les poursuivre en justice. Les responsables

politiques doivent

élaborer

et appliquer des lois qui interdisent les rapports sexuels forcés et qui punissent leurs auteurs. Les

victimes et leurs familles doivent se sentir en sécurité et avoir l’appui des autorités

lorsqu’elles tentent d’obtenir justice

Que peuvent faire les individus, les familles et les communautés ?

DONNER AUX FILLES LES MOYENS DE

RÉSISTER AUX RAPPORTS SEXUELS FORCÉS

Les filles peuvent se sentir incapables de refuser des rapports sexuels qu’elles ne désirent pas. Elles doivent avoir les moyens

de se protéger et être en mesure de demander et d'obtenir une aide efficace. Des programmes, visant à acquérir la confiance

en soi, à developper les compétences pour la vie et à renforcer les liens étabis avec des réseaux sociaux et de soutien,

peuvent aider les filles à refuser des rapports sexuels qu’elles ne désirent pas.

CHANGER LES NORMES SOCIALES QUI TOLÈRENT LES RAPPORTS SEXUELS FORCÉS.

Les normes sociales en vigueur tolèrent la violence et les relations sexuelles forcées dans de nombreuses

régions du monde. Les efforts visant à autonomiser les adolescentes doivent être accompagnés d’efforts visant à remettre

en question et à changer les normes qui tolèrent les rapports sexuels forcés, en particulier les normes relatives à la condition

féminine.

ÉTABLIR UN DIALOGUE AVEC LES HOMMES ET LES GARÇONS POUR REMETTRE EN CAUSE LES

NORMES ET LES PRATIQUES.

Les hommes et les garçons peuvent penser que la violence sexiste et les rapports sexuels forcés sont quelque chose de

normal. Il faut les encourager à s’intéresser à l’effet néfaste de ces pratiques sur les filles, les femmes, les familles et les

communautés. Cela pourrait les pousser à changer d’attitude et à s’abstenir de tout comportement violent ou coercitif.

Que peuvent faire les chercheurs ?

•

Démontrer l’efficacité des lois et des politiques visant à prévenir les rapports sexuels forcés.

•

Étudier la façon dont les lois et les politiques sont élaborées, appliquées et suivies afin de comprendre quelle est la

meilleure façon de prévenir tout acte coercitif à l’encontre des adolescentes.

Multi-country study on women’s health and domestic violence against women.

Genève, Organisation mondiale de la Santé, 2005.

RÉDUIRE LE NOMBRE DE RAPPORTS SEXUELS FORCÉS

Il y a dans le monde environ 3 millions d’adolescentes

de 15 à 19 ans qui

subissent des avortements

à risque chaque année.

vii

Les avortements

à risque contribuent grandement à la mortalité maternelle et aux problèmes de santé

durables.

Les recommandations de l’OMS visant à réduire le nombre d’avortements à risque sont

basées sur l’expérience collective et l’opinion d’un panel d’experts. Aucune étude n’a été

menée pour venir appuyer les décisions du panel.

Que peuvent faire les responsables politiques ?

ASSURER L’ACCÈS À DES SERVICES D’AVORTEMENT SANS RISQUE ET À

DES SOINS POST-AVORTEMENT.

Les responsables politiques doivent appuyer les efforts visant à informer les adolescentes

des dangers liés aux avortements à risque et à améliorer leur accès à des services d’avortement, lorsqu’ils sont disponibles

légalement. Ils doivent également améliorer l’accès des adolescentes à des soins

adéquats post-avortement, indépendamment de la légalité ou non de l’avortement. Il faut fournir aux adolescentes qui ont

avorté des informations et des services de contraception après l’avortement.

Que peuvent faire les individus, les familles et les communautés ?

INFORMER LES ADOLESCENTES AU SUJET DES SERVICES D’AVORTEMENT SANS RISQUE.

En cas de grossesse non désirée, les adolescentes peuvent avoir recours à des avortements illégaux ou à risque. Il faut

informer toutes les adolescentes des dangers liés à l’avortement à risque. Dans les pays où des services d’avortement sont

disponibles légalement, il faut les informer de l'accès libre à ces services.

SENSIBILISER DAVANTAGE LES COMMUNAUTÉS SUR LES DANGERS LIÉS À L’AVORTEMENT

À RISQUE.

Peu de gens sont conscients des conséquences tragiques que peuvent avoir l’absence d’accès à des services d’avortement

légaux et sans risque ou de l’étendue de ces conséquences. Il faut informer les familles et les responsables des

communautés de ces conséquences et mobiliser un appui en faveur de politiques permettant aux adolescentes d’avoir accès

à des services d’avortement et à des soins post-avortement.

Que peuvent faire les systèmes de santé ?

IDENTIFIER ET SUPPRIMER LES OBSTACLES AUX SERVICES D’AVORTEMENT SANS RISQUE

Même lorsque les avortements sont légaux, les adolescentes sont souvent incapables ou ne souhaitent pas avoir recours à

des avortements sans risque à cause d’un personnel médical peu accueillant et des politiques et procédures contraignantes

en milieu clinique. Les gestionnaires et le personnel médical doivent déterminer quels sont ces obstacles et les éliminer

pour que les adolescentes aient accès à des services d’avortement sans risque, à des soins post-avortement et à des

services pour l’accès à la contraception après un avortement.

Que peuvent faire les chercheurs ?

•

Identifier et évaluer les interventions qui permettent de réduire les obstacles pour accéder à des services d’avortement

légaux et sans risque dans divers contextes socio-culturels.

•

Démontrer l’effet des lois et des politiques qui permettent aux adolescentes d’avoir accès à des services d’avortement

sans risque et à des soins post-avortement.

Ahm

an E. and I. Shah, New estimates and trends regarding unsafe abortion mortality,

International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics

115 (2011) 121-126.

RÉDUIRE LE NOMBRE D’AVORTEMENTS À RISQUE

WHO

UNFPA

Dans certains pays, les adolescentes sont moins susceptibles que les adultes

d’accéder

à des

soins qualifiés pendant la grossesse, l’accouchement et la période postanale.

viii, ix

Les recommandations de l’OMS visant à accroître l’utilisation de soins qualifiés pendant la grossesse, l’accouchement et la période

postnatale sont basées sur une étude évaluée par le système GRADE de l’OMS, une étude non évaluée par ce même système, des

directives actuelles de l’OMS et l’expérience collective et l’opinion d’un panel d’experts. Les études ont été menées au Chili et en Inde.

Le premier projet a consisté en des visites à domicile des mères adolescentes. Le deuxième projet portait sur un programme d'appui

financier aux mères à la condition d'avoir eu recours à un centre de santé pour l'accouchement. Dans l’ensemble, les études

montrent que les actions visant à accroître l’utilisation de soins qualifiés prénatals, obstétriques et postnatals permettent

d’améliorer les résultats en matière de santé pour les mères adolescentes et les nourrissons.

Que peuvent faire les responsables politiques ?

ÉLARGIR L’ACCÈS AUX SOINS QUALIFIÉS PRÉNATALS, OBSTÉTRIQUES ET POSTNATALS.

Les responsables politiques doivent élaborer et appliquer des lois visant à élargir l’accès aux soins qualifiés prénatals, obstétriques et

postnatals, en particulier pour les adolescentes.

ÉLARGIR L’ACCÈS À DES SOINS OBSTÉTRICAUX D’URGENCE.

Les soins obstétricaux d’urgence peuvent sauver des vies. Les responsables politiques doivent intervenir pour élargir l’accès à ces

services d’urgence, en particulier pour les adolescentes enceintes.

Que peuvent faire les individus, les familles et les communautés ?

INFORMER LES ADOLESCENTES ET LES MEMBRES DE LEURS COMMUNAUTÉS SUR L’IMPORTANCE

DES SOINS QUALIFIÉS PENDANT LA GROSSESSE, L’ACCOUCHEMENT ET LA PÉRIODE POSTNATALE.

Il est difficile d’accéder à ces services lorsque l’on ne dispose pas d’informations à leur sujet. Il est important de diffuser des

informations exactes sur les risques liés à l’absence d’accès à des soins qualifiés, aussi bien pour la mère que pour le bébé, et de dire

où de tels soins peuvent être obtenus.

Que peuvent faire les systèmes de santé ?

VEILLER À CE QUE LES ADOLESCENTES, LEURS FAMILLES ET LEURS COMMUNAUTÉS SOIENT BIEN

PRÉPARÉES POUR LA NAISSANCE ET ET POUR LES URGENCES OBSTÉTRICALES.

Les adolescentes enceintes doivent bénéficier de l’appui dont elles ont besoin pour être bien préparées pour la naissance et en

cas d’urgence obstétricale, notamment en ayant un plan de naissance. Une préparation à la naissance et aux risques d’urgence

obstétricale doit faire partie intégrante des soins prénatals.

ÊTRE SENSIBLE ET RÉPONDRE AUX BESOINS DES JEUNES MÈRES ET DES FUTURES MÈRES.

Les adolescentes doivent

bénéficier de soins prénatals et obstétricaux qualifiés – dispensés avec sensibilité – et, en cas de

complications, elles doivent avoir accès à des soins obstétricaux d’urgence

Que peuvent faire les chercheurs ?

•

Montrer comment identifier et éliminer les obstacles à l’accès et au recours à des soins qualifiés prénatals, obstétriques et

postnatals pour les adolescentes.

•

Développer et évaluer des interventions visant à informer les adolescentes et les parties concernées de l’importance des soins

prénatals et obstétriques qualifiés.

•

Déterminer quelles interventions peuvent permettre d’adapter les services prénatals, obstétriques et postnatals aux besoins des

adolescentes; élargir l’accès à des soins obstétricaux d’urgence; et mieux préparer les adolescentes à la naissance et aux risques

d’urgence obstétricale.

viii

Reynolds, D, Wong, E, and Tucker, H. Adolescents’ use of maternal and child health services in developing countries.

International Family

Planning Perspectives

, 2006, 32(1): 6-16.

agadi, M A, Agwanda, A O, and Obware, F A. A comparative analysis of the use of maternal health services between teenagers and older

mothers in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS).

Social Science and Medicine

, 2007 Mar, 64(6):1311-25.

ACCROÎTRE L’UTILISATION DE SOINS QUALIFIÉS PENDANT LA

GROSSESSE, L’ACCOUCHEMENT ET LA PÉRIODE POSTNATALE

Ces directives sont avant tout destinées

aux gestionnaires de

programme, aux conseillers techniques et aux chercheurs travaillant pour des

gouvernements, des organisations non-gouvernementales, des agences de

développement et des universités. Elles peuvent également intéresser des

professionnels de la santé publique, des associations

professionnelles et des organisations de la société civile.

Elles ont été formulées sur la base d’une revue systématique de la recherche

actuelle et avec la contribution d’experts venant du monde entier, en

partenariat avec de nombreuses organisations internationales clés qui

s’emploient à améliorer la santé des adolescents. Des partenariats similaires ont

été mis en place pour que ces directives soient largement distribuées et pour

soutenir leur application.

Les Directives de l’OMS sur la prévention de la grossesse précoce et les résultats

médiocres en matière de reproduction chez les adolescentes dans les pays en

développement

ont été élaborées en collaboration avec le Guttmacher Institute,

le Centre international pour la recherche sur les femmes, FHI 360, le Conseil

de population et le Centro Rosarino de Estudios Perinatales (Argentine). Leur

élaboration

a été soutenue financièrement par le Fonds des Nations Unies

pour la population, l’Agence américaine pour le développement international

et la Fédération internationale pour la planification familiale. Cette note a été

élaborée par l’OMS et Family Care International.

Coordonnées

Organisation mondiale de la Santé

Département Santé de la mère, du nouveau-né, de l’enfant et de l’adolescent

20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Genève 27, Suisse.

Tél +4122 791 3281

•

Fax +4122 791 4853

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Email: mncah@who.int

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2014-01-20T05:23:00.002-08:00

Amanota y’ibizamini bya Leta yasohotse, abahungu banikiye abakobwa

Aba bana uko ari batatu ni abo muri Kigali Parents, Gasabo, bari mu 11 ba mbere mu gihugu. Uhereye ibumoso: Murekezi Ihirwe Patience wa mbere, Denis Shyaka Gasasira wa kane na Ihoza Annie Christella wa cumi, ariko akaba ari we mukobwa wa mbere kuko 9 ba mbere bose ari abahungu (Ifoto/Kisambira T)

Minisiteri y’Uburezi ku gicamunsi cyo kuri uyu wa kane tariki 16 Mutarama 2014, yashyize ahagaragara ibyavuye mu bizamini bisoza amashuri abanza n’icyiciro cya mbere cy’amashuri yisumbuye mu mwaka ushize wa 2013. Imibare igaragaza ko abakobwa babaye benshi mu gukora ibizamini, ariko ntibyababuza gutsindwa cyane ugereranyije na basaza babo bakoze ari bake.

Minisiteri y’Uburezi yerekanye ko mu banyeshuri ibihumbi 163,092 bakoze ikizamini gisoza amashuri abanza mu mwaka wa 2013, abakobwa bangana na 89 537 (54%), abatsinze neza muri abo bangana na 2,296 (42,01%), mu gihe abahungu bakoze bangana na 73 555 (45,11%), abatsinze neza muri bo bakaba bangana na 3 169 (57,99%).

Naho mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’amashuri yisumbuye, abakoze bose bangana na 93 889 (97,32% by’abiyandikishije), muri bo abakobwa bakaba ari 49 567 (52,79%). Imibare yatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Uburezi iragaragaza ko muri abo bakoze, abatsinze ari 9 539, barimo abakobwa 3 405 (35,70%) naho abahungu bakaba 6134 (64,30%).

Minisiteri y’Uburezi (MINEDUC) yagaragaje ko umubare w’abanyeshuri bakoze ibizamini byo mu byiciro byombi wiyongereye ugereranije n’umwaka ushize kuko harimo ikinyuranyo cy’ibihumbi 12.000 bikaba byaraturutse ku banyeshuri bo mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’amashuri yisumbuye bavuye kuri 81,053 muri 2012 bagera kuri 93,889 muri 2013.

Mu mashuri abanza, umunyeshuri wabaye uwa mbere mu Rwanda hose ni Murekezi Ihirwe Patience wo ku ishuri ryitwa Kigali Parents ryo mu karere ka Gasabo, naho mu mashuri yisumbuye ni Ashimwe Christine wo muri Lycee Notre Dame de Citeaux, ishuri riherereye mu karere ka Nyarugenge.

Ibigo byiganje mu gutsindisha neza

Ishuri rya Kigali Parents riherereye mu Karere ka Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, niryo ryaje ku isonga mu gutsindisha cyane kuko mu banyeshuri 11 ba mbere mu gihugu, batanu barimo babiri ba mbere ari abaryo.

Ku mwanya wa kabiri hari ishuri rya Good Foundation Centre For Education rya Nyagatare, irya gatatu riba Espoire de l’Avenir rya Bugesera rikurikiwe na L’Horizon rya Gasabo mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Irya gatanu ni Hill Side riherereye mu Karere ka Nyagatare, ku mwanya wa gatandatu hari Ecole International iri muri Gasabo mu mujyi wa Kigali.

Dore uko abanyeshuri 11 ba mbere mu mashuri abanza bakurikirana n'ibigo bigaho:

1. Murekezi Ishimwe Patience, Kigali Parents, Gasabo

2. Manzi Jonan, Kigali Parents, Gasabo

3. Mugisha Ambloze, Good Foundation Centre for Education, Nyagatare

4. Shyaka Gasasira Denis, Kigali Parents, Gasabo

5. Mazimpaka Benoit, Espoir de l'Avenir, Bugesera

6. Habinshuti Asifiwe Guerrison, L'Horizon, Gasabo

7. Ngenzi jabo Jean Aime', la Decouverte, Rwamagana

8. Muhindo Nelson, Hill Side, Nyagatare

9. Mugishawayo Aime' Cesaire, E. Internationale, Gasabo

10. Ihoza Annie Christella, Kigali parents, Gasabo

11. Nshimiye Michael, Hill Side, Nyagatare

Akarere ka Gasabo kihariye abanyeshuri batandatu muri abo 11 ba mbere ku rwego rw'igihugu.

Ku bijyanye n’icyiciro cya kabiri gisoza amashuri yisumbuye ngo amanota yabo azashyirwa ahagaragara mu kwezi gutaha kwa Gashyantare 2014.

Kuki abakobwa batsindwa kurusha abahungu?

Abajijwe impamvu abakobwa bakora ikizamini ari benshi kurusha basaza babo ariko amanota yasohoka ugasanga ari bo batsinzwe cyane, Minisitiri w’Uburezi Dr Biruta Vincent, yasobanuye abanyamakuru ko biterwa n’impamvu nyinshi zirimo kuba akenshi abakobwa bagira utuntu dutandukanye tubatesha umwanya ntibabone uko bita ku masomo neza, nk’imirimo yo mu rugo, kuba basiba amashuri bitewe n’impamvu zituruka ku miremere yabo (nko kujya mu mihango) ndetse n’imyumvire ya bamwe mu babyeyi basibya abakobwa ugereranije n’abahungu.

Imbogamizi

MINEDUC yagaragaje ko umubare w’abanyeshuri ndetse n’abarezi bari bafite umuco wo gukopera no gukopeza wagabanutse nubwo utashira burundu.

Hari ibigo byagaragayeho amakosa y’ubufatanyacyaha hagati y’abarezi n’abanyeshuri bagakopera ibizamini, aha hakaba hatanzwe urugero rw’ishuri rya Rwimiyaga riherereye mu karere ka Nyagatare, aho abanyeshuri 139 bafatanywe ikizamini cy’isomo ry’Ubugenge (Physics), kandi akaba atari ubwa mbere bihabaye kuko n’umwaka ushize wa 2012 byahagaragaye. Gusa ngo barabihaniwe haba mu rwego rw’akazi n’ubundi buryo hakurijije amategeko.

Ku rundi ruhande hari abayeshuri biyandikishije ariko ntibabashe gukora ibizamini bangana na 6% by’abanyeshuri bose biyandikishije.

Niba ushaka kureba amanota y'umunyeshuri, ushobora gukoresha telefoni igendanwa, aho wohereza nimero y'umunyeshuri kuri 489, cyangwa se ukanyura ku rubuga rwa interineti rw'Ikigo cy'Igihugu cy'Uburezi REB (www.reb.rw) ukareba ahanditse ngo "View Exams Results"

Murekezi Patience wegukanye umwanya wa mbere mu mashuri abanza, ari hamwe na se Murekezi Gaspard (Ifoto/Kisambira)

Gasasira Shyaka Denis wabaye uwa kane mu gihugu, nawe wo muri Kigali Parents, hamwe na se Gasasira Stephen, bishimira insinzi (Ifoto/Kisambira T)

Ihoza Annie Christella wo muri Kigali Parents waje ku mwanya wa 10 mu gihugu, ariko akaba ari we wa mbere mu bakobwa kuko 9 bamubanjirije bose ari abahungu, aha yari kumwe na se Karenzi Vedaste (Ifoto/Kisambira T)

Murekezi Patience, Gasasira Denis na Ihoza Christella bari hamwe (Ifoto/Kisambira T)

2014-01-20T04:43:00.001-08:00

Kigali : Inyubako zitorohereza abafite ubumuga zigiye gukorwamo umukwabo

Mu gihe umujyi wa Kigali n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imyubakire byashyizeho amabwiriza ku bubaka amagorofa ku gira ngo bajye banagena uburyo bworohereza abafite ubumuga kuyazamuka, inama y’igihugu y’abafite ubumuga iravuga ko igiye kongera kugenzura niba ayo mabwiriza acyubahirizwa kuko ngo hari inyubako basanga zitabyubahiriza cyangwa hakabaho no gutezuka.
Nubwo ubuyobozi bw’umujyi wa Kigali buvuga ko inyubako zisabwa kugira asanseri (ascenseur/elevator) ari izirengeje amagorofa atatu, abafite ubumuga bavuga ko ibyo bidahagije kuko ngo hari n’iziba zifite munsi y’uwo mubare ariko ntizigire ubundi buryo bworohereza abafite ubumuga kuzizamuka.
Mugisha ufite ubumuga bw’amaso, yabwiye IGIHE ati : "Erega ntabwo asanseri ari cyo kibazo cya mbere. Hari n’ibipimo ngenderwaho byakagombye kuba byubahiriza, hari igihe usanga inyubako ifite asanseri ariko ari nto cyane ku buryo nk’umuntu uri ku kagare adashobora kuryinjizamo. Icya kabiri ni uko haba hari indi nzira isennye igomba kuba iri iruhande rw’amadarage, ariko hari aho utayisanga."
Akomeza agira ati : "Ibyo ni ibintu bibiri byakagombye kugendana ; ikindi kandi ni uko asanseri i Kigali, usanga hari ibindi bintu zibura nk’uburyo bwo kubwira agayirimo aho igeze cyangwa igiye, kugira uburyo bwo kumenya kuyikoresha kw’abatabona n’ibindi. Sinenga imbaraga zishyirwaho mu kwita ku bafite ubumuga, gusa ariko hari hakwiye kongerwamo n’izindi kugira ngo ibyo byose bitarakosoka birangire."
Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’Inama y’igihugu y’abafite ubumuga, Ndayisaba Emmanuel avuga ko mu mwaka wa 2012 bakoze igenzura kandi ubu bakaba bagiye kongera kurisubiramo kugira ngo barebe ababa bariraye.
Agira ati : "Iki kibazo turakizi, ni yo mpamvu umwaka wa 2012, mu gutegura umunsi w’abafite ubumuga, twakoze igenzura tukareba inyubako zitandukanye mu gihugu hose : zaba amavuriro, amashuri, amasoko n’izindi, tureba ko zujuje ibisabwa."
Ndayisaba akomeza avuga ko bagiye gufatanya n’izindi nzego zibifitiye ubushobozi bakongera gukora irindi genzura.
Agira ati : "Ubu tugiye gusubira inyuma turebe izo nyubako zubakwa zitabyuje, hari n’abakibikora kandi hari abakozi babishinzwe mu turere, nibiba ngombwa tuzanandikira abubatse izo nyubako cyangwa minisiteri ibishinzwe."
Akomeza agira ati : "Hari ababikora hari n’abatabikora, naguha urugero rw’isoko rya Nyarugenge, ufashe akarere ka Kicukiro umuntu ashobora kuva muri etaje ya mbere akagera mu ya nyuma nta kibazo. Icy’ingenzi si asanseri, uko inyubako yaya ireshye kose, nishaka ibe ifite imwe, uko bayubaka kose, bakagombye gushyiraho ikintu kigufasha kujya heguru. …yaba ifite ebyiri cyangwa irengeje eshatu, icya ngombwa ni uko ifasha umuntu kugera iyo agomba kugera."
Rangira Bruno, umuvugizi w’umujyi wa Kigali avuga ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2010 nta nyubako n’imwe yemererwa kuzamurwa itujuje ibyangombwa.
Yabwiye IGIHE ati : "Ndizera ntashidikanya ko kuva mu mwaka wa 2010 nta nyubako yari yongera kuzamuka itujuje ibyo byose. Turazigenzura kandi iyo inyubako irengeje etaje eshatu nibwo isabwa kuba yashyirwamo asanseri."
Inama y’igihugu y’abafite ubumuga ivuga ko iri genzura rizakorwa muri Gashyantare 2014 aho bazafatanya n’inzego zitandukanye cyane cyane Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imyubakire bakongera gukora iryo genzura mu gihugu hose.
Mu mwaka wa 2012 Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imyubakire cyasohoye raporo ivuga ku myubakire aho hari hanagaragajwemo inyubako zitujuje ibyangombwa byorohereza abafite ubumuga kuzikoresha. Byakozwe nyuma y’aho amabwiriza yari yatanzwe agena ko abubatse batujuje ibyo bisabwa bagomba kubikosora.