Tourism in Egypt

About Egypt

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Dating back to 1958, the current flag of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the country’s symbol of independence. The flag consists of three superposed rectangles, black white and red, each having a specific significance, and bears at its centre a golden eagle, the country’s emblem and a symbol of power.
Red has been chosen to symbolize glory, white is for purity, whereas the black stripe evokes eras of underdevelopment and colonialism that were overcome

Politics

Egypt is a Republic, the political system of which is democratic based on citizenship and relying on each of the legislative, executive and judicial branches, additionally to the press, political parties, local administrations and civil society institutions.

Religion

Islam is the official religion of the Arab Republic of Egypt. Most non-Muslims in Egypt are Christians, the majority of whom belong to the Coptic Orthodox Church

Administrative Division

Egypt is divided into 28 independent administrative units (governorates) enjoying juridical personality each consisting of a number of towns, cities and villages, additionally to the city of Luxor that holds a distinct character

Main Airports

Cairo, Alexandria, Luxor, Hurghada, and Sharm El-Sheikh

Geography

Egypt is the 29th biggest country in the world, covering a total area of 1,002,450 sq. km. It is located in the northeast corner of the African continent, on the Mediterranean Sea, at a crossroad between Africa, Asia and Europe. It is bordered to the east by the Red Sea, Palestine and Israel to the north-east, Libya to the west, and Sudan to the south

The country is divided into 4 main geological areas

- Nile Valley and Delta: this region extends on both sides of the Nile from the southern limit of the river going through Aswan, Luxor, to reach Cairo, then ramifying to the north and encompassing the destinations of Damietta and Rosetta. These ramifications, north of Cairo form the Nile Delta, Egypt’s most fertile agricultural land

- Western Desert: Extending from the Nile Valley in the east to the Egypt-Libyan border in the west and from the Mediterranean coast in the north to the southern Egyptian border, it is one of Egypt’s most arid regions. Sparsely inhabited yet charming oases – Siwa, Bahariya, Farafra, Kharga and Dakhla – dot this region that covers 2/3 of the country’s total land area

- Eastern Desert: this region lies between the Nile Valley to the west, the Red Sea and Gulf of Suez to the east, Lake Manzala to the north and the Sudanese border to the south. This arid region embraces the Red Sea Mountains chain, reaching an altitude of over 900 metres above sea level at some points. The region is Egypt’s richest in natural resources. Its underground treasures include gems, coal and oil.

- Sinai Peninsula: a triangularly shaped plateau linked from its north-western corner to Egypt’s mainland, at the Gulf of Suez. The peninsula is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Gulf of Aqaba to the east. This area is divided into a southern section (encompassing Mount Catherine, the highest mountain in Egypt rising about 2640 m above sea level), the middle section and the northern section.

Population

The estimated total population of Egypt is about 79 million, according to the 2007 population census. Most of the Egyptian population is concentrated near the River Nile, in cities and towns such as Cairo, Luxor, Aswan, Port Said. Smaller settlements include the Western Desert oases, and main destinations of the Sinai Peninsula

Language

Egypt’s official language is Arabic, but foreign languages, such as English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish are also widely spoken, especially in educated circles

History Brief

5000 years of civilization contributed to the cultural heritage of Egypt and to building the strength and independence of its citizens. The country’s history is a sequence of invasions, eras or glory, battles and victories, which can be split into the following main periods and milestones:

- Pharaonic Era (3100 BC – 332 BC)
- Greek Era (332 BC – 32 AD)
- Roman Era (32 AD – 638 AD)
- Coptic Era (starting from 65 AD)
- Islamic Era: starting with the Islamic conquest of Egypt (640 AD – 1517 AD)
- Ottoman Rule (1517 – 1882)
- French Invasion (1798)
- British Colonization of Egypt (1882 – 1952)
- The 23rd of July Revolution (1952) after which Egypt is declared a Republic. British troops leave Egypt in 1954.
- The 6th of October War (1973)
- Egypt signs a Peace Treaty with Israel (1979)
- Hosni Mubarak is elected president of the Arab Republic of Egypt (1981)
- The January popular Revolution begins against the Egyptian government (25 January 2011)
- Hosni Mubarak steps down as President of the Arab Republic of Egypt (11 February 2001)

The People

Egypt is home to a multicultural society. Ethnic Egyptians constitute 95% of Egypt's total population whereas Egypt's minorities include Nubians, Berbers (Siwa Oasis), Bedouins, Arabs, Turks, and Greeks, additionally to small tribal communities: the Bejas and Doms. The former are concentrated in the south-eastern corner of Egypt, and the latter live mostly in the Nile Delta and the Fayoum oasis which are progressively becoming assimilated into bigger cities as urbanization increases

The Egyptians, from all origins, are known for their welcoming attitude towards tourists. If you respect the local customs and traditions, and avoid offending anyone, especially in places of worship and remote locations where some old traditions are maintained, you are sure to spend an unforgettable holiday in Egypt

The Culture

There is no such thing as a unified "Egyptian Culture", for the simple reason that Egyptians form a multicultural society, where modernity and western customs flirt with traditions, where religious practices are moderate but where religion is still deeply anchored in the everyday life of the Egyptians

However, Egyptians from all social strata, religious beliefs, or ethnic origins share a remarkable attachment to important social values, such as

- Family: Egyptians consider their family as an integral entity which they have to protect. Don't be surprised to notice that an Egyptian feels responsible for his whole family and the behaviour of his siblings, his parents, his cousins, etc- Friendliness and Humour: Egyptians are known to be the most funny, friendly and helpful nation of the Middle East. They will go out of their way to help you in any troublesome situation, always with a smile. If you're sensitive to their humour, which is renowned world-wide, you'll be surprised to see how far a smile or a joke can take you in Egypt.

- Sports: and most of all, Football! Egyptians love playing but also watching football. The biggest and most popular national football clubs are Ahly and Zamalek, both of which are based in Cairo.

- Folkloric Dances: Egypt is famous for its authentic and beautiful heritage of customs and traditions. Those are especially observed in the religious events and during the month of Ramadan
Egypt is also known for the varied forms of folk art and dances, proper to each region of the country. While inhabitants of Suez, Ismailiya and Port Said are famous for group dances accompanied by music played on the traditional “semsomiya” (an old traditional string instrument), the southern population of Al-Saeed are known for their “logging” and equestrian inspired dances. Nubian dances are probably the most colourful and joyful folkloric performances; Nubians wear colourful costumes and dance to the enticing rhythms of Nubian songs. The folkloric Sinai dance is one where the dancers wear beautiful hand-embroidered dresses and perform a sword-dance
Moreover, Egypt is a lively artistic scene, world famous for its music, film, theatre, and TV industries. And although it could be considered as having a bigger impact on the Middle East and the Arab countries than it does on the Western world, it is important to underline that Egypt has contributed to the world cultural heritage through iconic figures such as the 1988 awarded Nobel Prize for Literature Egyptian author, Naguib Mahfouz, the acclaimed movie director, Yousef Chahine, the Egyptian actor Omar Sherif, and the most famous Arabic diva of all times, Umm Kolthoum, only to name a few

Egypt has also given the world acclaimed scientists and thinkers such as Ahmed Hassan Zuweil, winner of the 1999 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, and Sir Magdy Yaacoub, an acclaimed surgeon, a heart transplantation specialist and renowned professor of cardiothoracic surgery at Imperial College in London

Best Time to Come

Egypt is a rather large country with 2 general seasons, a mild winter and a sunny summer. The majority of Egypt’s landscape is a desert, except for the White Mediterranean coast, the Nile Valley and the Delta.

Between November and March the daytimes are pleasantly warm, whereas evenings and nights are cool and enjoyable in all of Egypt
In April and May temperatures are generally mild and this is an ideal time to visit any destination in Egypt

From June to September the weather is very hot, dry in the desert areas and humid in the Nile Valley and on the White Med coast. Sunglasses, sunscreen, a hat and good hydration are essential, and trips to the desert areas aren’t advisable in that period of the year.

Late September and October, as well as April and May are thus ideal for touring Egypt. And the November to February period offers the pleasant balmy weather that is perfect for cruising down the Nile.

The Red Sea Riviera has great weather all year round; it is thus the perfect sun & sea destination to escape to when the sky gets too cloudy back in your homeland

Protected Areas in Egypt

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Ras Mohammed and the islands of Tiran and Sanafir in South Sinai

Map showing location of Ras Mohammed and the islands of Tiran and Sanafir

Coral reefs in the protected

In a small cave diving at Ras Mohamed

Date of Announcement: 1983
Area: 850 km 2
Type: protected World Heritage
Distance from Cairo: 446 km

This reserve is located at the confluence of the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqaba, and represents the eastern edge of Ras Mohamed National Park rocky wall with the water of the Gulf, which are the coral reefs, and there are mangrove channel which separates the peninsula of Ras Mohammed and the Isle of Baerp length of about 250 meters. Featuring Ras Mohammed reefs, beaches in the deep ocean water to Ras Mohammed and colorful fish and sea turtles, endangered and rare water, and takes coral reefs of Ras Mohammed all aspects of marine and constitutes a unique configuration that this configuration where a significant impact in shaping the region's natural life as a landslides, "earthquakes" cave formation water to the bottom of the island as protected habitat for many important birds and animals such as: Ibex mountain areas and the types of small mammals, reptiles, insects, and that only appear at night, and that the reserve is home to many important birds such as gulls and Albulchunat.
Tiran Island
About 6 kms from the coast of the eastern Sinai, one of the islands and coral reefs, floating base is composed of granite rocks, old and disappearing under blankets sedimentary rocks are limited sources of water on the island of rainfall and floods in the winter clustered pits formed by rain and floods of winter Bimaptha rocks
Sanafir Island
There are west of the island of Tiran and about 2.5 km of which has the southern Gulf of open fit as a refuge for ships in an emergency.

2 - protected Zaranik and marsh Bardawil in North Sinai:

Date of Announcement: 1985
Area: 230 km 2
Type: Wetland protected Ratabp and a natural for the birds
Distance from Cairo: 300 km

Are protected Zaranik natural marsh Bardawil one of the keys to the migration of birds in the world with a first stop for the convenience of birds and access to food, the hard journey of immigration from Europe and Asia during the fall, heading to Africa also maintains some birds in the region permanently and reproduce them. Been recorded more than 270 species of birds in the reserve account for 14 species and most birds that have been recorded: pelicans, flamingos, heron, cattle egret, storks, Mirza chicken, hawk, quail, Almrap, Anz House, capped Lark, whistling, jokes, Abu Headers Alexandria, Ahadjwalp.

3 - pack nature reserves Red Sea:

Date of Announcement: 1986
Area: 35600 km 2
Type: protected national parks and natural
Distance from Cairo: 1300 km

Elba area is located in the southeastern part of the Eastern Desert and mountains located on the border between Egypt and Sudan on the Red Sea area includes a box on the following distinct environmental models:
1. Mangroves and the lamp "mangrove" in the coastal zones
2. Limited areas of coastal sand dunes by growing vegetation of grass
3. Ranges of coastal saline land "Coastal marshes"
4. Coastal plain desert
5. Coastal mountains and the surrounding hills where there are oases of fog.
There are in these environments the majority of species of animals, birds, reptiles and medicinal plants and wild species Egyptian Mahdadp 0 reserves Elba consists of the following areas:
1 - Red Sea Islands and coastal mangrove forests
2 - the Abraq
3 - the Aldiib
4 - Mount Mailbox

4 - Ameed Reserve, Matrouh Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1986
Area: 700 km 2
Type: Deserts and protected Biosphere
Distance from Cairo: 300 km

There are around 170 species of wild plants growing in different environments, whether the dunes or sand hills internal studies have shown that these wild plants have economic and medical benefits since there are about 70 species that can be used in medical and therapeutic purposes, including Ansal and wormwood and plantain and sorrel Almtnan and, as There are 60 species that can be used for different purposes including fuel Agrm such as grasses, shrubs, and a source of oils and soaps such as Anna-Ghoul, a human food such as onions, landscaping, such as tooth-Shayeb, the manufacture of ropes and roofs, such as bamboos, such as grazing and Dabaagh and Tafwa. There are also about 40 species of plants are important for its role in the environmental reserve of sand and building new layers 0 and no reserve, many wild animals (such as deer, foxes, rabbits, gerbils, layouts, sued the mountain, lizards, scorpions), and there are 14 species of birds of prey 0

5 - Islands Protectorate Saluga and Ghazal in Aswan:

This reserve is located within the Nile River, about 3 km north of Aswan Reservoir, and is a unique environment and distinctive Peixaiha vegetative natural, as it is a haven for many birds

Rare and resident and visiting birds. This reserve is characterized by the presence of about 94 species of plants were identified more than 60 species of rare birds and endangered species: Osprey, Purple Moorhen, which are extremely useful in environmental clean-up of pests and decaying remains of the time between the resident and visiting birds: bittern, hoopoe , Egyptian geese, bee, bird paradise, a nightingale, and others.

6 - protected Ostom beautiful and the island of tennis in Port Said Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1988
Area: 180 km 2
Type: Wetland protected Rdobpoumazl natural for the birds
Distance from Cairo: 200 km

Include the beautiful and protected harbors Ostom beautiful lake status as the island is located in Lake Tennis Almenzlpo Lake status with the largest space between the delta lakes, their systems are characterized by diverse environmental 0 Lake area was rich farmland status perfectly tender dropped its territory due to the earthquake, which occurred in the late sixth century AD, Aftgy sea water and broke into the sand dunes that separates between the sea and the agricultural land covered by water and took year after year until the flooded area, except for the famous tennis and was a great wide deferral buildings full of traders and livelihoods, and where palm trees, vineyards and farms, and by streams of high the land from which water flows into the sea from all the gulfs is now known and named Balostom Btnes relative to the tennis son of Ham son of Noah.

Is protected Ostom beautiful Port Said at a distance of 7 km west of Port Said on the coastal road between Port Said, Damietta, an area about 35 km 2, The island is located in Lake Tennis status at a distance of 7 km to the south west of the city of Port Said, including Tel richest tennis, and covers an area of the island about 8 km 2.

This reserve is characterized as being a major stop for migratory birds for the supply of food and rest during the journey in the seasons "spring and fall," as characterized by the existence of diverse ecosystems, which works by multiple organisms.

One of the main birds that migrate to the reserve: ducks Ahamray, Albulbol, constituency, nightingales, bird Akhawadp.

And fish: mullet, Alhnchan, Altobar, grouper, seabream, seabass and tilapia. The island of tennis there are fossils and the effects of the Ayyubid period.

The aim of protected areas to conserve natural resources of Lake downloaded from degradation and development of seed for the prevention of fishing straits.

7 - St. Katherine Protectorate in South Sinai:

Located in the South Sinai governorate on a high plateau surrounded by high mountains, one of the most important areas of religious tourism, where the Monastery of St. Catherine's church and library, a mosque inside the monastery due to the Fatimid era, the prophet and the prophet Saleh Haroun and the Valley of comfort and forty-valley and the mountains of Moses, Abbas and Safsafa and the highest summit mountain in Egypt (Mount Catherine and a height of 2637 meters), and there are a number of plants and animals and birds.

Date of Announcement: 1988
Area: 5750 km 2
Type: protected natural heritage and cultural world
Distance from Cairo: 550 km
Region is characterized by its proximity to the highest peaks in Egypt and was the emergence of these summits is one of the results of those great tectonic movement called the African Balkhosv greatest that has occurred since about 24 million years ago, giving rise to the Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba, which become a destination of tourists from all over the world have protected St. Catherine's on the wealth of natural and cultural heritage much the same as that of the natural desert habitat for many flora and fauna. Examples of natural resources existing in the St. Katherine Protectorate:
Wildlife
Represented in the species of mammals, including Altil Nubian Egyptian deer, hyrax, Sinai tiger, wolf, hyena, fox, Hardun and Groundhog Arab and mouse cord and gerbils, etc. and there are 27 kind of reptiles such as snake and lizard and Tarisha and Alorl and living and other
Flora
The region contains 22 of the 28 kind of unique factions in the world, located in the Sinai, such as HH and knitting and Caper, thyme, wormwood and Agrm Batheran and Blink and drunk and other medicinal plants, poisonous plants, and others.
Archaeological heritage
Is in the presence of a large number of churches and monasteries such as the Monastery of St. Catherine and the effects of age Albezntykma are the effects due to the Pharaonic era and the subsequent ages.
Landscape
Region is characterized by high as the surface of the sea and the mountains and high peaks of the highest mountains in Egypt, such as Mount Catherine, Moses and garment WAM Schumer and bibliography mountainous landscapes and oases on the springs and wells is one of the unique scenic landscapes in the world.

8 - Al-Alaqi Valley in Aswan:

Date of Announcement: 1989
Area: 30000 km 2
Type: Deserts and protected Biosphere
Distance from Cairo: 950 km

This valley is a large dry river that was born of the Red Sea hills, especially from Mount packet and after the construction of the High Dam and Lake Nasser is full of water entered the water and Wadi Al and became a part of the lake, due to lower water levels receded, the lake water for a large part of this valley and has become covered with water. And where there are green and fertile soil and sponsor animals in the valley. Wadi Al is a good example of the dry lands, but it displays a stunning and rich in various types of flora have been recorded about 92 species of plants.

9 - Taba Reserve, South Sinai Governorate:

Impact of natural and protected area management of natural resources
Site (south of Taba in the north to by St. Catherine - cough) to the south
Construction resolution (No. 316 of 1998)
Area (2800 km 2)

Taba Reserve aimed at preserving the environment, particularly the geological formations and scenic deployed within the protected areas (oases and groove stained eyes water), and also to establish integration between wildlife conservation "environments and the diversity of life" marketing innovation "works created between the nomadic and the development of conscious, and to maximize the benefits for the local population of nomads, which is also of cultural and civilizational heritage indispensable due to the 5000 BC 0

»Diversity of wildlife in protected Taba very rich as it includes over 25 species of mammals, including feathers or a cat (an animal smaller than the Leopard) and gazelle and Nubian ibex and hyrax, also contain more than 50 species of birds such as the brown eagle, golden eagle, eagle and Egyptian vulture, and hawks and punishment bearded and pasture, and includes about 24 kind of reptiles, two of them were not present in the Sinai, but only two snake Sinai Shifter bullet and the serpent and the flora is very rich.
• Groove color:
• The groove colored as a result of weathering rocks the Nubian Sandstone, which is characterized by different colors, which give this groove Almnzertabiei distinctive and is one of the most important areas worth visiting in Sinai, Egypt as a whole, this groove-like formations in the "area of Petra" in Jordan, a Dai and roomy, whenever we go by gradually narrows until it becomes in some places very narrow at passers-by as the breadth not more than one meter Svhin only between sandstone at an altitude of about 50 meters from the bottom of the valley, and the phenomenon of the famous sandy hole with different colors of white to yellow with some red color in the gradient 0
• Rock engraved:
• There is one near Cktan Shahyrtan and Dai-Ghazaleh and the other near the small mountain Rum, and rocks to sandstone deserves to be seen as it is an isolated and lonely landscape of desert scenery covered with some of the writings of different languages, dating to between the second century BC and the second century AD There is also a the writings of ancient Greece, which chronicles the construction of the monastery of St. Catherine during the third century Hebrew, Roman, Byzantine and also during the Crusades, and there are inscriptions and religious symbols and images of animals, in some forms there are images of animals long since disappeared from the region, and here can see the form and Wildlife were living in the past 0
• Rock engraved:
• There is one near Cktan Shahyrtan and Dai-Ghazaleh and the other near the small mountain Rum, and rocks to sandstone deserves to be seen as it is an isolated and lonely landscape of desert scenery covered with some of the writings of different languages, dating to between the second century BC and the second century AD There is also a the writings of ancient Greece, which chronicles the construction of the monastery of St. Catherine during the third century Hebrew, Roman, Byzantine and also during the Crusades, and there are inscriptions and religious symbols and images of animals, in some forms there are images of animals long since disappeared from the region, and here can see the form and Wildlife were living in the past 0
•
• dynamics:
• There are many sites named Balnoames, a set of houses or graves of prehistoric non-existent except in the central Sinai only, have been constructed in the form of a circular stone so that the door in the west, approximately equal diameter, about 5 meters high and 2 meters, The dynamics of the oldest what was built by humans between 4000 to 5000 years before now 0
• Bay Fayyord:
• The Sinai visitors can note the most spectacular in beauty and unique due to convergence between the sea and the land component of the beaches in the most fascinating, and provides management of the reserve facilities for visitors, and there are Haftin of the bay in the sea, making it one of the most famous dive sites in the northern part of the Gulf of Aqaba 0
• Appointed Greener:
• a green oasis in a sea of sand and visited frequently in Taba and protected them an easy way to get by St. Catherine asphalt and the highest honors and led to large-mount worthy of rum and Mount and the site of a car is bumpy and difficult, and the site can be accessed through the colloidal or Die from the area near the carved rock, and there was appointed by the pure natural and the emergence of the eye due to the intersection of the sandstone (Paleozoic Paleozoic) boycotted the underground (lower one) component of the ground-water basins, and can visit the groove near the white of the eye, the place has been processed km planned management of protected Taba in Bedouin tents and Larache and bathrooms as you can spend the night the place was welcomed and the Department of nomadic sites 0
• Ain Um Ahmad:
• The Oasis one of the most beautiful oases and demand of visitors, and the oasis is located down and Dai Zljh at an altitude of about 600 meters and located in areas along the main wadi, and there by small gardens and palm orchards, and the source of stream water and Dai Zljh which ran gathered in the sandstone, making it One of the major sites for eco-tourism

10 - Wetland Reserve Burollus in Kafr El Sheikh:

Date of Announcement: 1998
Area: 460 km 2
Type: Wetland protected Ratabp
Distance from Cairo: 300 km

Lake Burullus the second largest natural lake in Egypt in terms of area and there is Lake Burullus a number of environments the most important salt marsh and bronchial and sand plains, and on the shores of the lake there are sand dunes, and each of those environments, the properties of a soil constituent, and reflected the importance of these environments terms of it being a natural place for about 135 plant species and ground water. The moist environments play a big role in the reception of wild migratory birds 0

Burullus Lake is located northeast of the Rosetta Branch, Kafr Al-Sheikh, stretching the length of 70 kilometers and varies in width from 6 to 17 km, Mthblg area of 460 km 2 (110000 acres) and is the second largest natural lake in Egypt.

There is Lake Burullus a number of environments, the most important salt marsh and bronchial and sand plains, and there on the shores of lake sand dunes, so they are a natural place for about 135 plant species and ground water, in addition to being well suited to receive the migrating wild birds.

The aim of protected areas to biodiversity conservation lake status through the protection of habitats and organisms of plant and animal, and the resettlement of those species that became extinct due to human activities, and monitoring of environmental variables in the lake and the protection of wetlands. It also aims to promote the protection of eco-tourism and scientific research and applied research, and conservation of natural resources and in particular that have an economic return.

11 - protected bush coastal province of Sinai:

Date of Announcement: 1985
Area: 8 km 2
Type: Protected Resources Development
Distance from Cairo: 370 km

Is protected jungle areas of sand dunes as high as about 60 meters from the sea and covered with high density of acacia trees and some eucalyptus and tamarisk trees, shrubs, herbs and plants pastoral and other fodder, making it a resource for pasture, timber and shelter for wild birds and animals, and work to stabilize sand dunes and warbers located within the scope of protection to keep one form of the important habitats of the Mediterranean coast 0
Reserve lies in the northeast corner of Egypt North Sinai Governorate and on its borders with the State of Palestine and the total area of about 6 km 2 areas of sand dunes as high as about 60 meters from the sea and covered with high density of acacia trees and some eucalyptus and tamarisk trees, shrubs, herbs and plants pastoral and other fodder, which are all on the sand dune fixation and warbers located within the scope of protection to maintain a form of the important habitats of the Mediterranean coast, which suffered most of the development operations and development, but their shape and components of natural and work within a high density of vegetation to stabilize the water in the soil maintains the level groundwater and Adhuptha It is also working to increase the tourist attraction of the region as it contains the region from natural resources.

The area is one of the sources which the State seeks to preserve and protect them as one of the areas expected to have a positive impact on the protection of soil and dense vegetation, water resources, mammals, reptiles and wild birds, both resident and migratory birds.

12 - Wadi Tigris in Cairo:

Date of Announcement: 1999
Area: 60 km 2
Type: protected desert land
Distance from Cairo: 10 km

The valley of the Tigris important valley which stretches from east to west length of 30 km, passing rocks of limestone that was deposited in the marine environment during the Eocene era in the Eastern Desert (60 million years ago), so it is rich in archaeological digs, and reaches an elevation of the rocks on the side of the valley, about 50 m and is fed by a group of valleys on both sides. Includes a set of Valley living animal, including species of mammals such as: - deer - Alteatel - Rabbit Mountain - Red Fox - Rishi mouse tail - eggs - mouse Abu Shok - Abu bats and other small tail, and insects: Parkinson's disease - Abu-Eid - tiger bed - lion ants and many other kinds, have been recorded 18 species of reptiles. Affected by rain water that falls from the waterfalls on the rocks of limestone over the ages, where she formed the so-called Tigris Canyon, which somewhat resembles the "Grand Canyon, USA.
Is the Tigris River valley east of Maadi in Cairo in the Eastern Desert and is one of the important valley which stretches from east to west length of 30 km and a total area of about 60 km 2 and is going through limestone rocks, which deposited in the marine environment during the Eocene era of the Eastern Desert (60 million years ago) so it is fossil rich, with a rise in those rocks on both sides of the valley about 50 m and was injured by a group of valleys on both sides.

Includes a set of Valley living animal, including species of mammals, such as: Deer - Rabbit Mountain - Red Fox - Rishi mouse tail - eggs and many other kinds of insects, was also recorded 18 species of reptiles so far, including the Egyptian Tortoise - Alsagnkor planned - Abu leprosy Coffee - Snake Coupler and others also were recorded 12 bird species representing the environment of the Eastern Desert resident and migratory birds, and plants for the entire directory was registered 64 species of plants, such as: Basketball - Alratrit - grasses and other plants, either a medical or pastoral or fuel.

The impact of rain that fell throughout the ages on the rocks of the limestone to form the so-called "groove Tigris" "Canyon," which somewhat resembles the "Grand Canyon" in the United States as they appear in small wells with high concentrations of rainwater.

13 - The Fossilized Forest Reserve in Maadi, Cairo Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1989
Area: 7 km 2
Type: Geological protected area and national heritage
Distance from Cairo: 30 km

Region is rich in petrified forest density of legs and trunks of trees in the composition of fossil wood and mountain, which belongs to the era Aloolijusyny consists of layers of sand and gravel and a child and fossilized wood thickness ranges 70 - 100 m. It is remarkably rich in the remains of trunks, stems, large petrified trees, which take the form of Slater sections of cylindrical ranging in size from centimeters to several meters, and gather together in the form of fossilized forest. Therefore, it is likely that the composition of Maadi Petrified Forest due to a branch of the Nile River since ancient geological times immemorial, has led to these trees and long-distance speech in this place then Thfr (petrified).

Is a petrified forest in Maadi (a suburb of Cairo), which was formed over millions of years from the time the third periods Alcaenozoi, called on the petrified forest in many scientific references the name of the mountain wood.

This is the geology of the region have rarely does not unprecedented in the world in terms of expanding and updating.

Location:

The Fossilized Forest Reserve is located some 18 kilometers east of the town of Maadi in Cairo Governorate north of the road Katameya - Al Ain Sokhna.

And the Fossilized Forest Reserve in Maadi is a plateau is almost flat with some hills and cliffs, and covers an area protected for the most part composition Wood Mount Aloolijusyn era of the "32 - 35 million years."

There is also a jungle density of stems and trunks of trees in the composition of fossil wood and mountain that belongs to the era Aloolijusyni This sediment is poor in fossils and remains of the non-rich that it significantly and the remains of trunks, stems, large petrified trees, which take forms of Slater Schlesip of cylindrical sections, ranging in size from centimeters to several meters, which join together in the form of fossilized forest.

14 - Al-Wadi Assiouti Assiut Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1989
Area: 35 km 2
Type: protected propagation and multi-purpose
Distance from Cairo: 400 km

Protected Area is divided into two main sections:
1 - breeding and propagation of wild animals
There are possibilities of breeding and propagation of Egyptian deer, mountain goats, bighorn, ostrich, zebra and some reptiles
2 - breeding and propagation of plant germplasm
Where the need to hold assets threatened plant species and particular types of palm trees, shrubs, flowers and ornamental plants, cactus, juicy and aromatic and medicinal plants, which are genes for important economic crops, this next Alonoa p other plant species, especially endangered species of them have been farming several species in the protected area where they are asset accumulation of wild surrounding areas for reproduction

The reserve is situated in the Coast strange sound in the Eastern Desert on the road to Assiut / Cairo Desert east coast south of the city of Assiut, about 20 km, is bordered by the Eastern Desert to the north and the south and east and the village of strange sound to the Center for the coast of Assiut Governorate of the West.

The main objectives of protected Assuit Valley in maintaining plant and animal species and the maintenance of living natural resources and preserve the health of ecological processes in the ecosystem and the preservation of genetic biodiversity.

1 - This Web site is safer for the presence of water needed for drinking, food and shelter animals.

2 - The presence of protected farm, in the face of Assiut University feature can not be overlooked in terms of the existence of all the scientific expertise required from the university.

3 - the occurrence of protected land on the road to talk Cairo / Aswan protected given a strong impetus to accomplish its mission in addition to substantial reduction of operating expenses for the means of access to the lowest potential available.

1 - breeding and propagation of wild animals:

Began to appear deer in the protected area as a result of the availability of water and vegetation and there are prospects for breeding and propagation of mountain goats and bighorn sheep and ostrich and zebra and some reptiles.

2 - breeding and propagation of plant germplasm:

There is an urgent need to collect plant endangered species of plants, especially medicinal and aromatic plants such as drunk and Abbarriet, and others which are genes for important economic crops, this next Alonoa p other plant endangered species such as palm and Doom as well as maintaining legume germplasm.

15 - Wadi Rayan in Fayoum Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1989
Area: 1759 km 2
Type: protected resources and the development of a natural national heritage
Distance from Cairo: 150 km

Characterized by the Wadi El Rayan desert environment integrated with its sand dunes, natural springs, water bodies and wide and various plant life and wild animals and a variety of important marine excavations and diverse as the Al Rayyan area lakes calm and natural environment free from pollution. The Wadi El Rayan following important areas:
Central Cascades
Areas are formed by groupings agricultural drainage water. It is a place for various sea sports.
The eyes of Al Rayyan
Consisting of longitudinal sand dunes, mobile intensive and there are four natural sulfur springs, and is characterized by the presence of plants containing 16 species of desert plants and about 15 species of wild animals feeding mainly deer and white Egyptian deer, fennec, sand fox, red foxes, and other 16 species of reptiles and over the 100 species of resident and migratory birds.
Jebel Al-Rayyan - Mount Almcajabijp
And includes the deep gullies and rock Mufelloukp know, one of the favorite places to see a panorama of Wadi El Rayan and picnics.
Whales valley
Is an area of the excavations in the northwest of the Wadi Rayan protectorate dated back to about 40 million years old, these fossils of the structures of the fossilized teeth of sharks and primitive sharks and shellfish and other marine animals, which is an open museum also has a plant within the rocks Aelchorp fossilized soft.
The importance of Wadi El Rayan because it is a natural environment for endangered animals such as deer and white Egyptian deer, fox fennec, sand fox, wolf, and rare migratory birds such as falcons and a hawk-Ghazal and Peregrine Falcon and punishment Alencary p relented and other migratory birds such as ducks and relented p quail Altvlq relented and p heron and goats, and others. Wild plants, such as: Aqool - zygoghyllum - Acol - rush - the jungle - reeds - Algrdq - Halfa, and others.

16 - Lake Qarun Reserve Fayoum Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1989
Area: 1385 km 2
Type: Wetland protected Ratabp
Distance from Cairo: 90 km

And one of the oldest natural lakes in the world and the rest of Lake Morris old and the availability of the world famous fossil deposits of sea and river and continental dated back to about 40 million years, including a huge animal Fayoum rhinoceros-like and had a huge mouth of a river courses Trsepep lived upon the ancestors of elephants old with an animal-Fayoum and ancestors of hippopotamus, as well as dolphins and there are sharks, the ancestors of birds that live in Africa as it emerged the oldest fossils of a monkey in the world Egibtobzqs which dates back to the age-old Aloolijusyn and the presence of some fossilized trees. Region has a great variety of kinds of reptiles, amphibians and mammals that are of great importance in the environmental system of the Reserve. There are many historical monuments north of Lake Karun represents cultural heritage that is being exploited for tourism, dating back to the Pharaonic and Roman times and the lead continent in the northeast of the lake and the churches and Deir Abu Lifa.
Karun pool is located in the northwestern part of the Wadi El Rayan and Fayoum Governorate, one of the oldest natural lakes in the world, the rest from the old Lake Morris, the reserve is characterized by the presence of geologic formations that are scientifically and historically important, and by a variety of plants, and are flocking to a lot of migratory and resident birds. The discovery of mammal fossils have been dated back to the reserve, about 10 million years ago, emerged as the oldest fossils of a monkey in the world and some fossilized trees, and there are some areas of the ancient Pharaonic, Romanian, such as: the area of churches and the Temple of jewelers Palace and the Temple of the Karun and others, as well as some plant and animal fossils.

The blessing a group of live fish, such as: green tilapia, seabream, seabass, mullet, and there Lebaa some invertebrates, such as: white shrimp.

17 - Dome of the well-protected in Giza:

Date of Announcement: 1989
Area: 1 km 2
Type: Geological protected
Distance from Cairo: 23 km

Is good museum, protected by a dome and specialized scientific institute that helps in studying earth science and geological formations of different folds and fault lines can also be compared with similar formations in other places, and the existence of the gathering in fossil colonies makes full conservation of the dome of the good ideal for the study of fossils or the science of ancient life and also features the ancient environment and the extent of climate change that has happened to this region in particular during the upper Cretaceous period, which characterized this dome. The colonies of coral fossils that characterize the region of the best guiding fossils that indicate the old environment, so these marine fossils represent a complete record of the date the old one.
It lies on Cairo / Alexandria desert road in Giza.

Covers an area of about one square kilometers.

Featuring the installation of protected geological complex, which is part of the installation of the largest known installation Abu Rawash due to the convexity of the modern era in the late Alkritaoy led to the formation of a complex series of domes and Almqarat, turned the area into an island of Alkritaoy Top remained high, and is located on the line that linking folds convex regions cave Sinai Mara Abu Rawash to Bahariya Oasis, and therefore they represent a unique geological phenomenon.

To reserve of global importance especially to geologists. Among the most famous plants that do not exist in the north of Egypt, but in this region plant "Celsolapacoa" a dwarf shrub vegetation, with a wooden trunk with the importance of grazing for all types of animals.

18 - protected cave and led Sanour:

Date of Announcement: 1992
Area: 12 km 2
Type: Geological protected area and national heritage
Distance from Cairo: 200 km

The protected area contains geological formations known as stalactites and stalgmites in a perfect beautiful formed over millions of years, where the formation dates back to the era of Middle Eocene about 60 million years by a leakage of aqueous solutions of calcium carbonate saturated through the roof of the cave and then evaporated, leaving the mineral salts that accumulated in the form of deposits of stalactites and stalgmites, cave extends a distance of about 700 m, breadth about 15 m and depth is about 15 m and the importance of this cave is due to the scarcity of these natural formations in the world and shed light on the ancient climate conditions in that region and the era of composition. Additionally, it allows researchers to conduct detailed studies compared in terms of the different nature of the environmental conditions that prevailed in the old age Eocene East 0
Located in the province of Beni Suef, about 70 kilometers southeast of the city built Sopf is characterized by the presence of geological formations known as stalactites and Balsed of alabaster formed over millions of years, due to age about 60 million years ago, the cave is important to the scarcity of such natural formations as it is of great importance for researchers .

Date of Announcement: 1992
Area: 12 km 2
Type: Geological protected area and national heritage
Distance from Cairo: 200 km
The protected area contains geological formations known as stalactites and stalgmites in a perfect beautiful formed over millions of years, where the formation dates back to the era of Middle Eocene about 60 million years by a leakage of aqueous solutions of calcium carbonate saturated through the roof of the cave and then evaporated, leaving the mineral salts that accumulated in the form of deposits of stalactites and stalgmites, cave extends a distance of about 700 m, breadth about 15 m and depth is about 15 m and the importance of this cave is due to the scarcity of these natural formations in the world and shed light on the ancient climate conditions in that region and the era of composition. Additionally, it allows researchers to conduct detailed studies compared in terms of the different nature of the environmental conditions that prevailed in the old age Eocene East.

19 - Nabq Reserve, South Sinai Governorate:

Date of Announcement: 1992
Area: 600 km 2
Type: multi-purpose protected
Distance from Cairo: 500 km

Is protected Nabq contains several important environmental regulations include:
Coral reef - sea creatures and land - the mangrove forests located quite heavily and there are also desert eco-systems and Jblipoatera and there are animals such as spinning, caribou, hyena, reptiles and many migratory birds and invertebrates Almkimpbaladavp to live some of the Bedouin tribes in the region 0 is the region with a tourist attraction for scuba enthusiasts , safari and bird watching 0

Located in the Governorate of South Sinai in the area between Taba and Sharm el-Sheikh, Wadi or infection, characterized by coral reefs and marine organisms and sea grasses and deserts, and there are a number of animals and migratory and resident birds.

Date of Announcement: 1992
Area: 600 km 2
Type: multi-purpose protected
Distance from Cairo: 500 km

Is protected Nabq contains several important environmental regulations include:
Coral reef - sea creatures and land - the mangrove forests located quite heavily and there are also desert eco-systems and Jblipoatera and there are animals such as spinning, caribou, hyena, reptiles and many migratory birds and invertebrates Almkimpbaladavp to live some of the Bedouin tribes in the region 0 is the region with a tourist attraction for scuba enthusiasts , safari and bird watching.

20 - Abu Jalom protected in South Sinai:

Date of Announcement: 1992
Area: 500 km 2
Type: protected landscapes
Distance from Cairo: 600 km

The significance of the Abu Jalom in the presence of special topography where the mountains are close to beaches, and it contains a variety of environmental systems of coral reefs and marine organisms and seagrass beds, lagoons and desert ecosystems and the mountain. Full of mountains, valleys, animals, birds and plants, which make the area a tourist attraction for the amateurs of diving, safari and bird and animal watching. The area comprises about 165 species of plants including 44 species found only in this region is famous for the cave system of protected underwater which extends to depths of up to more than 100 m. This system is unstable and very dangerous, so it is necessary to maintain this cave system and the system the environmental area, which is one of the tourist attractions of the region.

Abu Jalom is protected on the road between Sharm el-Sheikh and Taba area called Wadi Alrsash in South Sinai. Featuring a protected topography, in particular, where the mountains are close to the beach and they contain a variety of environmental systems of coral reefs and marine organisms and sea grasses, deserts, mountains, mountains and valleys full of wild animals, birds and plants, which make the area a tourist attraction for those interested in diving and safaris and bird watching and animals, as characterized by a multiplicity the presence of lagoons.

21 - reserves the River Nile in different governorates:

Date of Announcement: 1998
Area: 160 km 2
Type: Wetland protected Ratabp
Distance from Cairo: 144 Egypt's various governorates of the island

Is the River Nile and natural reserves of the 144 island provinces of Egypt and there are different along the course the President from Aswan to Delta Barrage number of 95 islets with an area about 32500 acres and is in the Rosetta Branch of 30 island area of 3400 feddans, Damietta branch of the 19 island area about 1250 acres and the total area of the River Nile, about 37150 acres.
River Nile extends for about 6825 km from its sources to its mouth and the Nile Basin covers an area of about 2.9 million km 2 and passes after entering the River Nile to Egypt at Wadi Halfa and the distance of about 300 km through a narrow valley surrounded by granite rocks or from the Nubian Sandstone of eastern and western banks to reach to the First Cataract at a distance of 7 km south of Aswan, the Nile River and extends up to the city of Cairo and extending north to the Delta Barrage, about 20 km long and is divided into two branches, Damietta and Rosetta, who pour into the Mediterranean.

Islands is the Nile River provinces of Egypt's various parks. Studies indicate that the number of these islands of 144 islands, there is along the main stream from Aswan to Delta Barrage area of some 95 island of 32500 acres, and there are 30 islands of the Rosetta Branch area of 3400 feddans, Shelters Damietta Branch 19 island area of 1250 acres.

The total area of the River Nile, about 37150 acres or the equivalent of 155 km 2, spread of the islands in the 16 governorates of the Republic are: (Aswan - Qena - Sohag - Asyut - Menia - Beni Suef - Giza - Cairo - Qalyubia - Menoufiya - Bank - Kafr Sheikh - Dakahlia - Damietta).

22 - Wadi Beauty Newer reserves in Egypt:

Date of Announcement: 2003
Area: 7450 km 2
Type: Deserts are protected
Distance from Cairo: 850 km

Site
The area lies on the sea in the southern province of Gaza and the Red Sea coast with a length of about 60 kilometers an average depth of about 50 km in the mountains of the eastern desert and about ten kilometers in the Red Sea.
The most important elements to be natural conservation
· Basin Valley Beauty: The area includes valley of beauty, one of the largest and richest valleys of the Eastern Desert and is distinct from other flowering plant communities and the development, which depend on many kinds of objects and types, including rare and threatened with extinction.
· Mount Hamata: One of the highest mountains of the Eastern Desert, which houses a great variety of plants and animals.
· Mangrove swamps (shura): It extends along parts of the coast, which represent some of the biggest and most important in the mangrove swamps of Egypt, a unique environment, very important, very sensitive and rare in the country.
· Coral reefs: The marine environment Vtdm some of the best coral reefs in Egypt, which still maintain the pristine nature and have an international reputation attracts tourists from around the world, and there are coral reefs along the coast or are immersed in the central islands of the sea.
· Sea grass: and the marine environment also includes some of the most important pasture grass in the Red Sea, which is of particular importance to some of the rare creatures and fish spawning.
· Offshore islands: There are also several islands in the region of international importance for breeding birds and sea turtles.
· Sandy beaches: the region has the most important marine turtle breeding beaches in Egypt.
· On Biological Diversity: The region has great diversity in the systems and natural environments and thus in the types of objects that depend on them, as well as environments of the region is very important for a large number of threatened species, whether on land or sea.
· Natural features and geological features: the region contains a distinct geological and scenery of high aesthetic value.

Fayoum

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Located in the heart of the city of Fayoum, Egypt between the Nile Delta and Upper southwest of Cairo, a distance of 100 km, one of the oases in the Western Sahara, is a microcosm of Egypt, where he represents the Bahr Youssef Nile delta and Lake Qarun The north shoreline. And Fayoum were brought together all elements of attractions and features Btksha moderate throughout the year. Has emerged in which the successive civilizations of Egypt and left their mark through the pharaonic, Greek, Romanian, Coptic and Islamic. The area of Fayoum (6068.70 km 2) which comprises five administrative positions are (Fayoum, Snurs, Etsa, Tamia, Ebshiway)

Met all sorts of Fayoum three environments - coastal, rural and desert - together in beautiful harmony is only available to them. One of the highlights of the coastal environment which is a key element of attraction for tourism Lake Karun, which lies 20 km from the city and 80 km from Cairo, where the available water sports, fishing and surveillance of migratory birds and resident and located on the south coast range of facilities and tourist villages.

Tourism desert environment:

Close similarities Fayoum oasis, where the desert is surrounded on all sides except for a point relates to the Nile. Therefore, the desert represents 62% of the area which is rich in its flora and geological formations, mountains and hills and desert and Oaudettha and natural eyes, birds and rare wild animals, has announced the desert north of Lake Karun and around the Wadi Al-Rayan lakes and nature reserves as to contain the components of environmental and natural rare.

And allow tourism in the Fayoum desert safari tourism and sports tourism, therapeutic tourism, ecotourism and cultural tourism, visit the sites of ancient fossils
Of the effects of pre-rights and pre-history, the pharaohs, Greek and Romanian region.

Museum Port Said

Of about 90000 artifacts dating back several centuries: the Pharaonic, Greek, Roman, Coptic, Islamic, modern era.

Military Museum of Port Said

Includes three-dimensional paintings of the battle of 1956, and includes some of the pieces of war and military tools of the wars of 1956 to 1967 - 1973.

Beach of San Rahman's Cathedral
Fishing areas of the amateur, beautiful bridge, stone Said, Port Said, Port Fouad bridge services.

Nice island
, About 9 km and can be accessed Ballnchat of the marine terminal in Port Said

Fayoum

The city is one of the most beautiful cities and the nature of the Egyptian people

It is located in the heart of Egypt between the Delta and Upper southwest of Cairo, a distance of hundred kilometers, a

An oasis in the Republic and is a microcosm of Egypt, where he represents the Bahr Youssef gaining

The delta represents the north coastal Lake Karun .. Fayoum is the most important tourist areas in

Egypt, where high concentrations of all elements of tourist attractions which is characterized by the beauty of nature and its mild weather along

Year, has emerged in which pre-history, civilizations that left their mark through the effects of the everlasting

Pharaonic, Greek, Roman, Coptic and Islamic, and an area of 6068.70 square kilometers

It comprises five administrative centers of (Fayoum - Snurs - Etsa - Tamia - Ebshiway).

And Fayoum is one of the provinces in north-level 00 and related to Beni Suef to the south-east

45 kilometers, and is bordered to the north of Giza, about 85 km and is considered a low-Fayoum Sun

Egypt's main reducers which is a hollow cavity in the Miocene formations, which disappears under

Geological formations and the latest low Nile through the hole as it enters Agon Sea canal

Yusuf, a branch canal from the Nile at Ibrahimia Dirout to Fayoum to be the only source

Fayoum, which supplies water (9 ر 1 billion m 3) for moving to the decline in the level of +26 m at Agon

To the level - 42 m from the coast of Lake Karun

Is different from the rest of low-Fayoum Almkhvdhat Amer Populations in it and he tells the Nile and the water

The fertile soil of silt which was transferred to the low with the Nile water

He also collected all of the characteristics which make the coordinates call it: Egypt micro -

Not the sun sets in Fayoum throughout the year, and up the brightness winter hours to 10 hours which is

A magnet for tourists in cold areas and migratory birds, 00

The history of housing in the Fayoum water where he lived prior to the date human Fayoum around Lake Karun

, Which was fresh water and increasing population access to the Bahr Youssef low-Fayoum in an environment provided

Population and Housing natural conditions such as water, soil and climate 00 and that humans settled and laid out

Urban population surveys indicate that the agricultural activity in Fayoum comes on top of activity

Population to the people of the region

Cab-Fayoum

It is the only county which includes two lakes, one is a lake of salt water Karun, which

One of the oldest natural monuments in the world, Lake and Wadi Al Rayyan of fresh water, which represents one

Of the latest Great Lakes region.

It is also the unique design for towers Hamaimha that dates back to the days of the Abbasid state.

Wadi Rayyan:

Located in the southwestern part of the province of Fayoum and Wadi El Rayan consists of Lake Superior, lake

Lower, and the waterfalls, which connects the lakes, and the eyes of Al Rayyan South lake

And Jabal Al-Rayyan, a region surrounding the eye, and the Mount recycled, which is located near the

Lake bottom.

The Wadi El Rayan is characterized by its environment, including integrated desert sand dunes and the natural and life Aiooon

Various plant and animals, as well as a variety of marine fossils, as are the waterfalls of the area

Various marine sports .. A reserve, 15 species of wild animals most important (al-Ghazal

White - Ghazal Masri - Fennec Fox - Fox sand - the wolf) and there are several types of

Hawks.

Lake Karun:

(Karun) is one of the people of the Prophet of God (Moses) peace be upon him, and is the richest man in history, as it was

Have enormous treasures unparalleled even in the most accounts, and legends dumping in the imagination, and reminds us of God

(Glory be to Him) in the Qur'an that (Korah) has got used himself overshadowed by the authoritative people

Virtue of his creator and forgot it, Fajsv Allah (God) the earth and make it a lesson for considering.

And feel free to gossip about the presence of many treasures (Karun) down the lake that bears his name, which

Located in the north-west of the province (Fayoum) in (Egypt), and in spite of the history has not

Decided yet if (Karun) had already lived in that area, but so far there is no reason

Uncertain and the lake behind his name, but this does not mean that the idea of a treasure (Karun) beneath

The lake is totally unacceptable, the matter is still preoccupying the minds of many, has been issued dozens of

Research studies and the serious talk about the possibility of the existence of these treasures the bottom of the lake, but were

Several attempts to search for it already, but all attempts have not yielded nothing, and this did not prevent

Researchers from the question to this day whether the treasures (Karun) are already down the lake, or not

This palace is believed to be the Palace Karun:

Whale Valley

There is this valley in the Wadi Rayan protectorate, about 70 kilometers from the lake in the province of Karun

Fayoum, is located in a remote desert area in the north-west, near the foot of the mountain of hell, needs

Access to a vehicle equipped with a smooth road in some places as a result of some gatherings dunes. Due

The emergence of the Valley of whales to almost forty million years ago, the Wadi Rayan under the ocean is very large

(Sea TESSY) and as a result of geological changes in the ocean receded, leaving behind the remnants of some marine animals

Buried in the sediments, so we can find the structures of the fossilized teeth of sharks and primitive fish

Sharks and shellfish and other marine animals, also found remains of the plant mangrove Altfrp

Sea. If history is long millions of years ago left his mark here and clear before it passes, the

Recent history has also wishes to go down, although the details differ, we see that clearly in our way,

Where stands a high rock-circular form, called "rock Germans", he found signs of language

German indicate the identity of one of the pilots of fighters, crew landed aircraft (Juncker 88 a) near

Rock in 1942, during World War II, which took place between Germany led by "Rommel", and the forces of

Axis - many countries - led by Montgomery, "the Italian, won the last, and no body has been found

And the bodies of three of his colleagues only in 1999.

Horoscope bathroom (region of Beni Saleh):

It is also the unique design for towers Hamaimha that dates back to the days of the Abbasid state ..

All this made the day the distinctive character and unique nature and provided them with many different types of tourism were

Reason to accept by tourists and investors from all over the world.

Falls Fayoum

Increased Traveler:

It is a rural-style houses surrounded by palm trees and grapes. These houses can be

For tourists and foreigners live.

Erhz and they prefer to stay in it for hotels and Alootellat.

Some hotels in the city of Fayoum:

Egyptian history

2010-01-05T04:58:00.000-08:00

Egyptian history is a tapestry of cultures from the numerous invasions we've had over the millennia. From Persian to Roman to Arabian rule (among many others), we've conquered and been conquered by so many. Yet out of all the ancient civilizations, ancient Egypt lasted the longest - over 3,000 years of relative continuity.

After the nomadic tribes of hunter-gatherers settled in the Nile valley, and then unified in approximately 3100 BC, is when we can truly begin our journey of discovery of ancient Egypt.

Ancient Eyptian history was lost for almost 2,000 years. The monuments and artifacts that had remained after the collapse of this grand civilization were an enigma. Pyramids and temples; death masks and mummies; strange writings and carvings on walls... all unexplained to the modern world until the day the Rosetta Stone was deciphered.

The truth is, every time a new discovery is made (which happens often) the history books have to be re-written! And so no matter how much you read or learn about this long lost past it still remains mysterious. No amount of scientific facts can take away its magic and majesty.

Whenever I am facing one of the Egyptian monuments my mind is rendered helpless. All I can do is just feel it. I wonder about the people that walked these halls before me:

What were their hopes and dreams?
What was their family life like?
Who did they love and yearn for?
Did they strive for happiness and acceptance like we do, or did they only think of magic spells and the afterlife?

And then I look at myself and my life and think of how the history of this people has influenced me. Everything they did has contributed in some way to modern Egypt; my homeland.

After the decoding of ancient Egypt, and the rise of a new study dedicated to it - Egyptology , we now know many intricate details of their daily lives. We can even read about what they thought and how they prayed. We can feel their fear during the droughts and wars and imagine their pride after the completion of a colossal temple.

Although Egypt has many other very interesting "histories", in this site we will concentrate solely on the ancient one.

Ancient Egyptian History - A Timeline

It's quite difficult to give an accurate timeline of ancient Egyptian history due to the fact that the Egyptians themselves never had a standardized calendar. The ancient Egyptians dated the years according to the ruling Pharaoh of that time, for example: year 2 of Menuhotep II.

The other thing is that some records are missing. Some kings are not recorded at all. Some lengths of the rule are not exact. Ancient Egyptians also had a habit of erasing (or sometimes not even recording) the names of kings that were unpopular.

And on top of all that, another thing that makes it hard is the fact that there's just so much, over 3,000 years of ancient Egyptian history! Trying to make sense of all this is quite the task... Manetho had his work cut out for him!

Ma-who now?

Manetho: The Egyptian historian who formed the Dynastic chronological system.

The Ancient Egyptian Dynasties

The dynastic dating system is still used until today, and although Egyptologists have been able to add dates to the periods, they are not exact. The accuracy of the dates is still under research till today.

Manetho basically divided ancient Egyptian history into parts according to events that signify a large shift or change in Egypt.

Keep in mind we are talking here about the history of the Pharaonic period, there is a history in Egypt that is much older than that. However, the Pharaonic period began from when Menes (King Narmer) unified the land around 3150 BC till the Greeks took over in 332 BC.

Manetho divided all the Pharaohs into 31 dynasties - a dynasty could represent the unbroken line of a royal family, once the succession is broken a new dynasty is begun. These dynasties are then grouped into 3 main kingdoms and intermediate periods in between.

The following is a basic timeline starting from the pre-dynastic period when Egypt was still a collection of hunter-gatherer tribes until the late period up to the fall of the Pharaonic civilization.

Pre-dynastic period: Before the unification of Egypt (before 3100 BC)

Early dynastic period: Dynasties 0–2 (approx. 3150–2686 BC)

Old Kingdom: Dynasties 3-6 (approx. 2686–2181 BC)

First intermediate period: Dynasties 7-10 (approx. 2181–2040 BC)

Middle Kingdom: Dynasties 11-12 (approx. 2040–1782 BC)

Second intermediate period: Dynasties 13-17 (approx. 1782–1570 BC)

The New Kingdom: Dynasties 18-20 (approx. 1570–1070 BC)

Third intermediate period: Dynasties 21-26 (approx. 1080–525 BC)

Late period: Dynasties 27-30 (approx. 525–332 BC)

Fall of the Egyptian Empire - The End of an Era

Finally after over 3,000 years of continuation, over-ridden with invasions, Egypt finally succumbed to foreign rule. Assyrians then Persians dominated Egypt until Alexander III delivered the ancient Egyptians from their rule in 332 BC.

But although the Egyptians loved him for respecting their religion and customs, his appointment of Greeks as the rulers of Egypt and his usage of Egyptian resources to fund his conquest of the Persian empire finally gave way to the first Ptolemaic dynasty - i.e. the end of the Pharaonic period...

...the end of ancient Egyptian History

Ancient Egyptian Civilization Main Events

The course of the ancient Egyptian civilization, starting with the pre-dynastic period till the Ptolemaic period, has a series of events that highlight it. The dynastic period, being the main chunk of ancient Egyptian history, provides some of the most interesting insights into the ancient Egyptian civilization.

Ancient Egyptian history is divided into 31 dynasties, which are then further subdivided into three main kingdoms with intermediate periods in between. Click here to see the timeline.

The Pre-dynastic Period (approx. 5500-3100 BC)

During this period the nomadic tribes of hunter-gatherers that were scattered all over the country were started settling down near the Nile. These settlements were divided into nomes (provinces).

The main division in Egypt was that of the Upper and Lower Egyptians (the two lands). The two were very different.

At around 3100 BC, the dynastic period began with the reign of King Narmer. He managed to unify (through battle) the provinces and the two lands, and Egypt became a single state.

This was the real beginning of the ancient Egyptian civilization.

Early Dynastic Period (approx. 3150-2686 BC)

This was a sort of stepping stone period, where the Egyptians started settling into the idea of a unified Egypt. It only lasted 2 dynasties and was called "the Archaic period".

This period was when the administrative capital of Egypt became Memphis. It is also when elaborate tombs became popular.

The architecture, religious beliefs and art of the ancient Egyptian civilization became more prominent during this period.

The Old Kingdom (approx. 2686-2181 BC)

This period was all about pyramids. In fact, it's called "The Age of the Pyramids". It was a time of wealth and progress for the Egyptians.

During the third dynasty King Djoser builds the Step Pyramid in Saqqara - the first pyramid ever built. The famous Imhotep was the architectural engineer for this big project.

The Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt's main landmark and the only surviving ancient wonder of the world, was built by King Khufu in the 4th dynasty.

There were also other beautiful pyramids built during this dynasty, such as the Red Pyramid and the Bent Pyramid in Dahshur.

The funerary texts called the Pyramid Texts, which provide us with much information about the ancient Egyptian religious beliefs, were formed in this period.

By the end of this period, the nobles had gained more power and wealth than the royal family itself. Civil wars weakened the kingdom. But what finally ended this dynastic period was the drought, which brought about famine and disease.

The First Intermediate Period (approx. 2181–2040 BC)

Egypt's version of the Dark Ages, it was a time of chaos and famine.

The poor who were hit worst with famine and disease began to rise up against the kings. There was anarchy and unrest all over, with plundering and vandalizing of the monuments.

The rule became divided, and conflicts between the kingdoms began, until finally at the end of this period the Theban king Menuhotep conquers and unifies Egypt again.

The Middle Kingdom (approx. 2040–1782 BC)

After the re-unification of Egypt with Thebes as the capital, much of the power was still not entirely in the hands of the Pharaohs. The king depended on the local governors to conscript soldiers from their provinces to pull together an army.

Then during the 12th dynasty, Egypt's army was strong enough to begin a series of invasions to expand the territory. They would build fortresses in the new areas to secure them.

The middle kingdom also saw a rise to trade connections with Nubia.

A large migration of foreign settlers from Assyria happened during this period, which gave rise to many changes in the ancient Egyptian civilization...

...it also gave rise to the Hyksos.

As a child I'd play "Egyptians and Hyksos", much like American children a long time ago used to play "Cowboys and Indians". Neither of which is very "politically correct" if I may say so myself!

But thankfully kids have now stopped those kinds of games and are now playing peaceful playstation :-)

(Don't get me wrong, I love playstation!)

The Second Intermediate Period (approx. 1782–1570 BC)

Division, once again! Does it every end?

So now the Syrians and Palestinians that had migrated gained power and gave rise to the Hyksos kings. And then even when the Hyksos allowed Egyptians to be kings, they were only puppet rulers and had to do as they’re told.

One of those puppet kings however was not very "puppet-y" at all. He and most Egyptians had had enough of these immigrants taking over!

So he called forth the Egyptians to war against the Hyksos King Apopis.

King Seqenenre Tao died in battle with head wounds. His son, Kamose, took over and managed to take back most of Egypt. But then Kamose died young and his brother Ahmose I continued battling the Hyksos until they left completely.

This signals the end of this turbulent intermediate period, and the start of a luxurious time in ancient Egyptian civilization.

The New Kingdom (approx. 1570–1070 BC)

After so many wars and so much chaos, the ancient Egyptians thought it would be smart to have a full-time army. Instead of conscripting men when they needed them they would have well-trained, fully-armed soldiers ready to fight.

They also reinforced their borders and even expanded them.

With this change plus a few other smart moves, the New Kingdom gave rise to an Egyptian empire.

Some of the most famous pharaohs come from this period, such as Rameses II (picture on the left) and King Tut. Also the mysterious Nefertiti was from the New Kingdom too.

Another drastic change in ancient Egyptian civilization that took place during the New Kingdom was the introduction of a type of early monotheism.

King Akhenaten flipped everything upside down when he changed the religion of Egypt from worshipping hundreds of gods to just one... the sun disc Aten. Not too many Egyptians were happy with this.

One of the most important battles of the New Kingdom was the battle of Kadesh. The ancient Egyptians fought the Hittites for years over control of the area, which had an essential trade route of the near east.

Other battles took place in the New Kingdom with ancient Libyans and the Sea People. But the Egyptians did well both on land and on sea.

Even though the New Kingdom had made a great empire and most of the battles had been won, the ancient Egyptian civilization began to be riddled with division, invasions and economic problems. Ancient Egypt started to decline and slowly fade away.

The Third Intermediate Period (approx. 1080–525 BC)

The trouble began when once again Egypt fell to divided rule. Economic problems weakened the unification and kings from different regions fought - this exposed Egypt to foreign invasions.

Sure enough, Nubia eventually conquered a divided northern Egypt. And to make matters worse, the Assyrians were also expanding in the near east.

The Assyrians ended the Nubian dynasties and their king became the king of a once again unified Egypt. The Assyrians chose to do as the Hyksos did, and enlisted Egyptians as puppet kings.

But then the Assyrian empire began falling, as empires usually do.

Who was there to pick up the pieces? Another, very powerful empire - the Persian.

This marks the start of the late period, the last of the dynastic periods.

The Late Period (approx. 525–332 BC)

The Persian dynasties saw a revolt from the Egyptians. And although there were moments when the Egyptians had regained control of Egypt, these were short-lived. Ultimately, the Persians kept the power until the coming of none other than...

...Alexander the Great.

He came to Egypt in 332 BC, and the Egyptians had loved him and thought of him as their liberator. But in the end, the Greeks took over Egypt and started the Greco-Roman period - the fall of the ancient Egyptian civilization.

Foreign rule continued all the way to 1953 AD, until the Egyptian revolution and the establishment of the first Egyptian presidency

Ancient Egyptian Armies

Before the New Kingdom the ancient Egyptian armies were made up of soldiers recruited temporarily for the duration of the military campaign. These soldiers were just strong, able men from different villages. They would then return to their homes and original careers once the campaign is finished

This proved to be a disadvantage after a while. Conscription took time, the soldiers had no proper training, and Egypt was left vulnerable to surprise attacks.

Finally, during the New Kingdom, the ruler of Egypt decided that it was just about time to have a full-time army ready for orders from the Pharaoh. The King now didn't need to rely on the nomarch's to conscript men from their provinces. He commanded his own ancient Egyptian armies with the help of his generals.

This intelligent king was the Pharaoh Ahmose. His decision was to be one of the most important in all of ancient Egypt's history...

Ancient Egyptian Military Organization

At the head of the army of course was the King. He was the main decision maker of military campaigns.

Under him were his generals. One of the more intelligent decisions the Pharaoh made was to appoint 2 army generals rather than one. This way the power was divided rather than centralized, and the threat of overthrowing the thrown by a general was halved.

There were 2 main ancient Egyptian armies - those of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt, with one of the 2 generals at the head of each.

Also, another intelligent tactic by the Pharaoh was to appoint these generals from his own royal family (such as princes). This kept more power in the family.

Then the next division was according to the soldiers' skills. There were charioteers, spearmen and archers.

And then the foot soldiers were divided into infantries of 5,000 men each. These were further divided into platoons and squads of smaller numbers of soldiers.

Ancient Egyptian armies were not only well organized, but they were well-trained and well-equipped too - with training sometimes starting from the age of 5!

Pharaoh's Battle Tactics

One of the great weapons of war during ancient times was the chariot. Funnily enough, before the introduction of the chariot to Egypt by the Asiatics during the Second Intermediate Period, the Egyptians didn't have much use for wheels. They did use them in certain circumstances, but with desert terrains wheels were not very practical.

That was until Egypt was threatened by them...

The invasion of the Hyksos is probably one of the most famous periods of war in all of ancient Egypt. The Egyptians had to gather all their wits and resources to fight them.

Read the next section for more info on the most important battles that took place in ancient Egypt.

Another battle tactic was to build fortresses in the areas the army has invaded or secured. These fortresses had towers from which the soldiers could shoot arrows from. They had thick walls and ditches to protect their perimeter.

One of the most important battle rituals back then was to imbue the army and weapons with religious power. Army divisions were named after Gods, soldiers were adorned with protective symbols, and incantations and spells were chanted whenever suitable.

And finally, one of the more gory practices by the ancient Egyptian armies was to sever body parts of the enemy's dead in order to identify them for the records. They would cut off a specific arm (and sometimes other unmentionable parts) and leave them for the scribes to count :S

This Means War!

The ancient Egyptian armies had numerous battles and wars that secured Egypt as one of the great ancient civilizations of all time. Here are some of the most famous ones:

The Unification Battle - This is probably the first recorded battle in ancient Egypt. This battle marks the beginning of the dynastic period in approx. 3100 BC, with King Narmer waging war on the separate regions and combining them to form a unified Egypt with himself as its first Pharaoh.

This battle is recorded on the Narmer palette which is now on display at the Cairo Museum.

The Hyksos Battle - After a large scale immigration of people from Syria and Palestine, Egypt began to divide again during the Second Intermediate Period. These immigrants began to gain a lot of power and eventually started to rule Egypt.

But then during the 17th Dynasty, King Seqenenre Tao II had had enough and attacked the Hyksos King Apophis.

After he died in battle, his son Kamose took up the offensive and returned most of Egypt to the Egyptians before he died. His brother Ahmose I then took over and finally expelled the Hyksos out of Egypt and back to Palestine then reinforced the eastern borders as a defensive.

Expansion Battles - During the New Kingdom, with the newly created permanent army, the Pharaohs began campaigns to expand Egypt's borders and gain more land and power.

During the 18th Dynasty, King Thutmosis III and his wife Hatshepsut ruled Egypt together. He was an infant when he was made King, while Hatshepsut was his aunt at the time of their marriage. She ruled Egypt for about 20 years until he matured and took over the throne.

His main achievements were his expansion battles that turned Egypt into an empire. The battle at Megiddo being his first and most famous of the series. At the time it was a coveted Syrian town of trade, and was the site where the Syrian King of Kadesh was assembling an army to march against Egypt.

Thutmosis III took the ancient Egyptian armies all the way to Megiddo, and although the enemy outnumbered the Egyptians, he faced them in his chariot with his men behind him, and came out victorious.

After the Syrians fled, the Egyptian army was left to collect the loot left behind... this distraction could have given the Syrians time to recollect and attack again, but King Thutmosis gathered his men and led a long siege of Megiddo and finally took over.

The Battle Against the Hittites - King Thutmosis was involved in war with the Hittites throughout most of his reign. The most famous of the battles with the Hittites was the battle of Kadesh.

Kadesh was a desirable town that gave access to important trade routes. The Pharaoh was victorious once more and won this battle and the entire war with the Hittites after many years of fighting.

The Battles of Kadesh - The war Thutmosis won against the Hittites was not the last that Egypt saw of them. After the reigns of some uninspired Kings, Egypt once again began to lose power and its borders began shrinking. Political problems as well as problems within the royal families left Egypt vulnerable to attack once more.

Then came King Sety to the rescue, and after a few battles he took over Kadesh again! But his victory was short-lived and the Hittites repelled him back to Egypt.

Sety had too many other battles on his mind to obsess over Kadesh. He had to defend Egypt against the Nubians from the south, and the Libyans from the west. What a drag!

Sety's son however became a legend in ancient Egypt. Rameses II led the offensive to crush the Hittites once and for all! And although they were outnumbered, and had a great many obstacles, the ancient Egyptian armies of the great Rameses II finally won Kadesh.

After the many years of war and hostility, the Egyptians and Hittites signed peace treaties - which unfortunately didn't last for long.

All in all, Egypt was plagued with invasions and wars for most of its existence. Invasion continued from the sea and the land, until finally the ancient Egyptian armies lost all their might and gave in to the Graeco-Roman rulers at the end.

Egypt never saw an Egyptian as its ruler until AD 1953 when an army general became the first president of the Arab Republic of Egypt

The Wonders Of Ancient Egypt

Greetings my fellow historian and explorer, and welcome to Ancient Egypt. I would be honored to act as your guide on this mystical journey through time and space - back to the land of The Pharaohs.

Allow me to tell you the stories of my ancestors and to share my passion with you.

This site is composed of two main themes: The historical and the touristic. I will provide you with the history and mythology of the Ancient Egyptians and, where relevant, travel advice on how to see it all for yourself. This is a historical site with travel tips, not a travel site with historical facts.

From the alluring legend of Isis and Osiris, to the amazing feat of building a pyramid out of 2.3 million limestone blocks, to the enchanting love story of Antony and Cleopatra - this site will take you there.

History should not be read about or learned; it should be felt and re-lived.

It should be... experienced.

Egyptology - Discovering Ancient Egypt

Egyptology is the study of ancient Egypt. There is a whole section of archeology dedicated only to ancient Egypt... what an honor that is! But if there was ever a lost civilization deserving of that, this would be it.

And of course an Egyptologist is someone who practices in that field... like my mom :-)

There are other "–ologies" of cultures out there, but this one remains the most famous.

Anyway, modern Egyptology is a mix between archeology and sociology. It's basically the act of putting puzzle pieces together to form a more complete picture of an entire civilization.

Puzzle pieces include art, economy, politics, geography, theology, etc...

Egyptology is a very popular field in which you can obtain university degrees.

Sadly though, the work of an Egyptologist is kind of limited nowadays - with excavation reserved for the renowned experts in the field.

Teaching is a popular option though.

The History of the Study of Ancient Egyptian History...

OK sorry, what I wanted to say is: "The History of Egyptology".

Basically the first Egyptologists are, funnily enough, the ancient Egyptians themselves. Since the history is a very long one, Egyptians of the later periods studied and restored monuments from the earlier periods.

In fact, tours of ancient Egyptian monuments were popular among ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans! Greek and Roman empires are ancient in their own right.

The Greeks and Romans began recording their accounts of what Egypt was like in those days, but still since so much had already gone by before these records much of the past was lost. Some of the most famous accounts were given by Herodotus.

Herodotus is a very famous Greek historian from the 5th century BC.

Also in the 3rd century BC, the Egyptian priest Manetho was the first to devise the dynastic dating system, which records information on most of the Pharaohs and royal families.

The use of the Egyptian language and writing began dwindling down until it finally became obsolete. This is when the history became a mystery.

For a long time (about 2,000 years) people had a hard time deciphering ancient Egyptian history. Without understanding the language and the symbols, early Egyptologists could only take educated guesses at what it all meant.

However, some very important discoveries were still made:

Some Muslim historians in the 9th century discovered the relation between hieroglyphics and the Coptic language which was derived from the Egyptian language.

Coptic Egyptians are the Christian Egyptians by the way, and until today they use the ancient Egyptian language in their churches (mixed with Arabic). They use Greek letters for the Egyptian words.

There were many European explorers who made significant discoveries. One such was finding phonetic elements in hieroglyphics. The Jesuit priest and scientist Athanasius Kircher discovered this by relating the hieroglyphics with the Coptic language (and its Greek letters).

The Founding of Modern Egyptology

Finally, when Napoleon's army discovered the Rosetta Stone, all the guess work stopped.

The Rosetta Stone is a carved text passage in two ancient Egyptian scripts (hieroglyphic and demotic) and Greek. Relating the Greek translation to the ancient Egyptian scripts became the key to unlocking the mystery of Ancient Egypt.

This beautiful artifact has been residing in the British Museum since 1802. Egypt's most famous egyptologist and secretary general of the Supreme councel of Antiquities Dr. Zahi Hawass has requested that she be returned to her home country, Egypt.

If you get the chance, I highly recommend that you go view it.

After its discover, Jean-Francois Champollion came to the rescue and published the first ever dictionary of hieroglyphics in 1826.

And that's when Egyptology took a turn and became more and more factual.

Still, till today we cannot say with all confidence that we know everything about Ancient Egypt. New research and discoveries are made often.

We can however say that it will always be a work in progress, which means that there will always be more to learn...

...I like that very much!

Alexandria

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Most important landmarks

Bibliotheca Alexandrina

Egypt's second capital and the largest ports on the Mediterranean Sea, but is the largest and most important port in North Africa on the Mediterranean, which includes a treasure trove of ancient landmarks, and enjoy the nature of the rare and mild weather throughout the year. And a history of more than five thousand years and tens of sights old and new, which includes mosques, churches, castles and museums of the pharaonic, Greek, Hellenistic and Islamic markets, where the old palaces and gardens, and addresses outstanding civilization Library of Alexandria, which was newly constructed to be a cultural icon and world cultural heritage, the beaches of Alexandria filled with famous views of the new tourist facilities and resorts, recreational, therapeutic and cultural rights.
A city that meets the fresh water and salt water as fresh facet of the Nile River through the canal that runs through the city Mahmudiya length and salt water from the Mediterranean to mention the fortune of visiting the faces of the screen and hospitality Alexandrian.

Alexandria is located on the western corner of the Egyptian Delta, plans for the construction of Alexander the Great when he invaded Egypt in 333 BC. M, but he died before he sees it, city planning Greco remained in place during the Roman era, and in the Islamic era, which began to open Egypt by Amr ibn al-Aas in 642 AD the city became the toast of many scholars, imams and saints As «Acropolis» architecture of Samothrace, in the middle of the mosque has become the city and ending the streets. Say «ibn al-Hakam» His oldest historic text arrived to us on the mosques of Alexandria: A five mosques: Msadjadalnbe Moses and the Mosque of Suleiman, peace be upon him, a mosque, a vegetable or centuries, peace be upon them, and then a mosque with a vegetable or the following centuries, when the eastern gate of the city, while the fifth was a mosque Amr ibn al-Aas.

Alexandria is rich in many churches and cathedrals, such as Christianity «Cathedral of Saint Mark Episcopate» sand station, built by St. Mark the Evangelist a disciple of Christ, and the hall leading to the tombs of the Patriarchs to the Copts century atheist century AD, and «the Greek Orthodox Cathedral» in the Middle East and Africa Lesser Palmncip «Church of St. Mark» and «Roman Catholic cathedral» and «Evangelical Church» Battarin «Church of Debbane» station, sand, and «Armenian Catholic Church» and «the Church of St. Mark» and «Deir Mar Mina» LAID miraculous.

City markets

Alexandria was famous in the Middle Ages a lot of different industries and quality, the most important textile industry, pottery, glass, soap and ships, is perhaps the most important textile industry reputation for the city, but it was the Arabs adopt these fame in the covering of the Kaaba.

Of the most famous markets of this ancient city which attract tourists «Attarine market» which was separately sell all kinds of spices, pulses, seeds, grains, and then expanded its activities to include all other goods including clothes, shoes and equipment and other markets are as old retains characteristics such as the «market Thread» , which handles the sale of all types of threads, and Alzraer, and Alsst, and all the art supplies for embroidery, sewing and market «Rue sixes» competent in all the supplies women, and the Moroccan market .. And others.

Mosques and churches of Alexandria current

Of the most important features of Islamic civilization in Alexandria, schools and religious establishments emanating from Al-Azhar mosque and hundreds of large, ancient and modern, and perhaps the best known mosques are concentrated in the customs district which is the weight of religious in the city, where the number of mosques around 80 mosques: « Mosque of Sidi Abu Abbas Al Mursi »Bmnarth and the advantage of high-rise and four domes. And «Imam Ali Mosque Busayri», which is one of the students Mursi Abul Abbas, the famous mystic poetry in the love of God and praise of the Prophet peace be upon him and his poems «Burda approach», and «Mosque of Sidi sapphire throne», all located «Square mosques» district overlooking Alonfushi on the Mediterranean and «Mosque of Sidi Jaber Al-Ansari» and «commander Ibrahim Mosque» in the area of «plant sand», which was built in 1240

Bey Citadel

Bey castle established by the Muslim leader Sultan «Nasser bin Qalawun» to defend the city, on the island of Pharos Alonfushi district, one of the famous castles in the world what it stands for buildings insulated intelligent and great architectural, located in the northern tip of the eastern entrance to the port at the same location lighthouse Alexandria the Great, was built the castle in the fifteenth century.

Libraries and art museums

Alexandria always proud of being the first city in the world contains the greatest libraries of the world from ancient times, We may recall ancient Library of Alexandria, which burned, or destroyed, and libraries «Municipal Library» which is one of the oldest libraries, which contains manuscripts and rare books for the Islamic conquests of antiquity Perhaps, the old library was established in Alexandria, the new Alexandria Library is an alternative to the old library which was destroyed, has been created for hundreds of years the dream became reality and today we have an enduring monument «Shatby region» or «San Series» specifically on the Mediterranean coast in the district belonging to the Royal and Ancient Egyptian civilizations , Greek, Romanian and Islamic.

Palaces and museums

Alexandria contains many of the most famous palaces, the most important «Palace Park» overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, which mediates surface area of 350 acres of fertile agricultural land planted with the most wonderful trees, and a variety of flowerbeds and gardens, it is God's heaven on earth, and adjacent to another is called Palace Palace «Palace Salamlek» was dedicated to the men the king's former palace and a third called «Palace Harem» women special footnote, were all built on the Islamic model, there are also other shortcomings such as the Palace «Antoniades» gardens, picnic, which also lies amid landscaped gardens spread around sculptures created by great artists, and «-Safa Palace» Zizinya district, and «Uruba palace» and «Ras El-Teen Palace» in the area of Ras El-Teen or maritime, as well as the palace of Prince Kamal area of Stanley, and others.

Tourist facilities and recreational

Alexandria occupies a coastal strip up to 70 km on the sea, filled with many tourist facilities and entertainment such as cinemas and cabarets, theaters, etc., and is the city beautification and expansion of the Corniche area of weakness, and established many recreational areas and tourist near him and do not obscure the vision to enjoy the natural beauty of the sea and beaches, which stretches from Abu Qir to the end of the northern coast near the city of Cairo, where extended tourist villages designed the latest models on the world tourism along the coast. In Alexandria, tens of thousands of furnished apartments located in all parts of the city, in addition to dozens of hotels, both in the first place, or at least class and also common along the coast and within the city. And also by types of restaurants and attractions, public parks and private parties and dense jungle city with lush and fruitful trees, and streets decorated with statues and marble pillars huge.

Sharm el-Sheikh

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Information on the Red Sea Mermaid pictures (Sharm el-Sheikh)

Most famous tourist city in the Sinai, the development of the tourist activity significantly in recent years and lies the importance of location in Sharm el-Sheikh at the tip of the Red Sea, it then branches to the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba, which led to a more unique environment is a key element in the tourist attractions .. So there and around the most important nature reserves in the Ras Mohammed and Nabq. And before the Sharm el-Sheikh there are islands of Tiran and Sanafir at the entrance of Gulf of Aqaba .. Among the most important areas Ras Nasrani and Ras Umm Sid to the Ras Mohammed.

The most important places in Sharm El-Sheikh

1 - Grace Bay: - The Bay Area's grace the main center for attracting tourists in Sharm el-Sheikh, where the Bay Area's grace which offers all the necessary tourist complexes, markets, restaurants of various types as well as a lot of night clubs and massage Aalajnbe to attract tourists, as the Bay Area grace in line when the night feel like you exist in Europe, but for the hotels located in the Gulf of grace Vndkr (Eddie B, Shepherd, front and rear Marriott, Sonesta, Novotel, Welcome to our, Sharm Holiday Inn)

2 - The Old City: - somewhat like the existing markets in the city of Cairo, where having all the necessary shops, restaurants and shops

Most important nature reserves

1 - Ras Mohammed: - The Ras Mohammed and the islands of Tiran and Sanafir natural reserve in 1983 as the first nature reserve in Egypt and the reserve is located at the confluence of the Gulf of Suez and the Gulf of Aqaba in the southern part of the Sinai Peninsula, some 12 kilometers from the city of Sharm el-Sheikh and about 70 kilometers from the city of Tur

2 - Abu Galoum Reserve: - Located protected Abu Jalom on the Gulf of Aqaba on the road between Sharm el-Sheikh and Taba area called Wadi Alrsash, has been declared a reserve in 1992. The topography of this region is characterized by special and integrated environmental system that combines desert, mountain and valleys punctuated by a group which gives special beauty of the area .. In addition to the marine environment rich in wonderful qualities of coral reefs and colorful fish as there are rich in wildlife park includes deer, foxes and Alteatel pile mother porcupine quills and dorsal and many rodents and reptiles

Diving that the Governorate of South Sinai has unique features that make it in the top of the wish that any practitioner of the sport of diving and enjoy with all its treasures under the water is rarely found in any place in the world, especially Ras Mohammed, which has a year by the practitioners (10 thousand) Ghattas. There is also a region of more than 20 training center on a dive globally recognized and the trainee is given a license to dive and be inspected by international organizations (PADI). The most important parts of diving

** The area of Ras Mohammed in the south

*** Start of the Gulf of Aqaba

*** Ras Umm Said - to the region north Altaor

Hurghada

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The city of Hurghada has become one the most famous tourist destinations in Egypt and the Middle East for tourists, while gaining a similar reputation when lovers of this type of tourism resorts for tourists from other parts of the world, Hurghada has gained this reputation in large only a few years, due mainly to two things: firstly is to discover the tourist value and aesthetic values of Hurghada, which is unprecedented and the second command is the availability of tourist facilities and sports great speed and great levels in this region.

Hurghada is characterized by mild climate throughout the year and the availability of all the capabilities to hobbies of fishing and underwater fishing and diving in all its types. Hurghada has been established with the discovery of oil in that region in 1913 and the development of tourism activities has become one of the largest tourist cities in the world.

It is located 385 km south of Suez and the famous shark barracuda fishing Asmal - Obhoshra - Seif - Blank - Qarouk - ... etc. The coral reef fish are visible under the water and lose some Alonh immediately on leaving the water, is the starting point for fishing adventures under the water where there is fishing centers and scuba diving

Sinai

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Sinai Peninsula is famous for its beautiful beaches, which stretches from east to Rafah Kantara a distance of 210 km and the most important beaches in the north-Arish and Rafah and Kherobp between Al-Arish and Rafah and Lake Bardawil that the richest fisheries in the region.
And south beaches along the Gulf of Aqaba and Suez are: Ras Mohammed - Sharm El Sheikh - Nuweiba - Dahab - Taba.

The governorates of northern Sinai and southern link between the continents of Asia and Africa, a region is a peninsula to inform the water their land, the North Sinai Governorate capital El Arish, and South Sinai Fasamtha phase, the most important features of the attractions in the southern Sinai Temple Srabit server and the soldier Castle and Citadel of Salah al-Din and there are also some areas suitable for hospitalization is the eyes and springs scattered in the land and hot soft sand for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, including bath and bath Pharaoh of Moses, also prepared to maintain areas for sport climbing and so many mountains, and it was characterized by nature reserves, including the Ras Mohammed and the St. Katherine Protectorate, either North Sinai it may monuments, a castle-Arish and the cave and dates and Jura and Farma, Tharu, in addition to beaches such as El-Arish and the enjoyment of tourism to the availability of the conditions of the desert terrain is in the mountains and plains of sand.

Every day In the town of Sharm el-Sheikh in South Sinai Governorate new, so that from yesterday had discovered something different if he visited today. This is the reality with which turned the vast desert, high mountains at the confluence of the Gulf of Aqaba and Suez and the Red Sea into a modern city in 10 years only, which empowered the Sharm el-Sheikh for the UNESCO Prize for choosing among the top five cities, peace in the world of 400 international cities.

The process of real development of the city in accordance with specific objectives is to preserve the natural resources available in the city, optimize, and not compromising the environment of land and marine flora and the establishment of a new community of applying the policies that are not traditional, take advantage of the unique location of Sharm el-Sheikh and turn it into a global tourist center able to compete with the centers international tourism in Europe, Asia and America.

Sinai resort of summer:
Located on the east bank of the Gulf of Suez and the northern sector extends 40 km and stations north and south of the eyes of Moses Moses Springs and New Dhessp sector, and the southern length of 55 km, which includes centers north and south of the Cape and Mtarmp Nekhaila and New Stadium this resort a distinct tourist destination for eco-tourism (Alacouturesm), in which sports can be practiced sailing, swimming, diving, safari adventures, or spas and to identify the historical and cultural sights.

Can access to the area of Ras Sidr land, sea and air is located 200 km from Cairo by road across the Ahmed Hamdi Tunnel and sea ports of Suez, literary and El-Arish, Al-Tur. It was in July 2000 signed a contract to build an international airport in the region is running a system of «me. Or. T »as of last July. There are three international airports serving the area of Ras Sidr, namely: Cairo and Sharm El-Arish and Sheikh.

In Ras Sidr, a variety of tourist attractions of the beautiful soft sandy beaches along the 95 km and fresh air to the mountains or mountain Pharaoh garment which provides the opportunity for amateur bird-watching and there is no mountain goats and camels trained to walk in the mountains and valleys and the most important elements of the tourist area of health resorts sulfur discovered Pharaohs since 5000 in the pools, natural springs sulfur at a temperature of 75 degrees Celsius. There are valleys that attract amateur safari, fishing, such as the Algrndl Valley and Wadi Wadi Traci good and which is rich in unique plants and trees and birds, especially quail, migratory birds.

There are at Ras Sidr three groupings are the eyes of the Bedouins, Wadi Musa and Abu Grndl Suwaira and there can be identified by tribal and ancestral customs and the arts, such as business and Bedouin handicrafts value inlaid with turquoise Sinai famous clothing embroidered Bedouin music and the arts.
Sinai is a crossroads of cultures and ancient cultures and the divine messages since the time of the pharaohs and Moses, Jesus and the Greeks and Romans, and archeological sites there: the eyes of Moses and Pharaoh's Bath Valley office.

Aswan

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UNESCO is commemorating the mammoth combined effort by archaeologists, engineers and researchers from across the globe which led to the salvaging of extraordinary temples and Pharaonic monuments which would otherwise have disappeared under the waters of Lake Nasser with the construction of the Aswan High Dam. Fifty years on from the earnest appeal sent out from Egypt and Sudan for an international salvage campaign for the Nubian monuments, UNESCO will be celebrating this important anniversary with the conference: ‘Lower Nubia: Revisiting memories of the past, envisaging perspectives for the future’ to be held on March 21-24

With the construction of the great dam – approved by the Egyptian government in 1958 to allow the country’s economy to be modernised, and built between 1960 and 1964 – 360 kilometres of territory in Egypt and 140 in Sudan were to be irretrievably transformed into a great inland sea. Which is why the Cairo and Khartoum governments resolved to sign an official request for an appeal to UNESCO. So it was that in 1960 the organisation turned to its member states and what was later to be called the greatest archaeological salvage operation of all time got underway.

Over 70 separate archaeological missions from 25 countries explored each of the Nubian regions that were due to be flooded, both in Egypt and in Sudan. ”Hundreds of sites were inventoried and thousands of objects were identified and conserved”, recalls Professor Giuseppe Fanfoni, director of the Italo-Egyptian Centre for Restoration and Archaeology in Cairo. He took part in two missions sponsored by the Egyptology Institute of Rome’s La Sapienza university, under the direction of Professor Donadoni: those in the Egyptian village of Tamit and in Sundan’s Sonqi centre

‘We worked extremely quickly in Tamit. We only managed to complete survey and a technical drawing of the village”, the archaeologist notes, saying of how he remembers: ”the animals that, like us, sought shelter at the highest parts of the village, while our mission awaited the boat that allowed us to escape to safety before the flood waters closed in and everything was submerged”. It was a giant undertaking, which permitted the savings of innumerable finds and monuments, Fanfoni remarks, ”but many others were lost. An inestimable blow to the history of humankind”.

14 temples and monuments scattered along this stretch of the Nile valley were dismantled stone by stone and completely reconstructed beyond the reach of the waters. Without doubt, the most famous of these operations were those leading to the salvaging of the two temples of Abu Simbel and those of Philae. Five temples – including that of Ellesya, which is today reconstructed in Turin’s Museum of Egypt – were donated to the countries that collaborated in the rescue work.

During the conference at Aswan, which has been organised by Egypt’s and Sudan’s ministries of culture, scholars who took part in the salvage campaign will be presented with an award by UNESCO. Some hitherto unpublished documents relating to the period of salvage work will go on display, and a new campaign for the preservation of the Nubian heritage will be launched.

Comes Aswan second most provinces, a confusing effects of the Pharaonic Temple of Philae Island and the Governor's house, and Kalabsha Temple and the Temple of Edfu and the Temple of Kom Ombo and the Nubian monuments, Deir Anba Hydra and the old cemetery and tribal cemetery Anani, and the fortifications of Aswan and the most important tourist attractions the island and the tomb of the Aga Khan plants, and includes the city of Abu Simbel temples first-Ra Horakhci and second wife of Ramses II, Nefertari

Suez Canal

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The most important sea lanes in the world, linking the Mediterranean and the Red summarize the ancient trade route around the Cape of Good Hope mile 184 km began drilling in 1858 and opened in 1869 and for Egypt fought three wars, 1956, 1967, 1973

About Us

Egypt's history lies in the cultural and archaeological monuments that remain
Troy chapters of its history and the history of the first Pharaonic
In the museum's collections of Egyptian, which records the many precise details of the life of nations and peoples who lived in the Nile Valley since about seven thousand years, until our time.
May perhaps say that the history of Egypt is different from the history of many countries
That record history according to the succession of political regimes that wisdom
That the history of Egypt recorded by successive civilizations
And left after the demise of the legacy received by the back adds to it.

The history of Egypt overlap the novel with the archaeological, historical, religious story. Between the story of pharaohs and families came in the heavenly books of stories of divine prophets who have lived in Egypt for its people and their relations with Copts to start of the Arab-Muslim history, which is the actual launch of modern Egypt, when he took the conqueror Amr Ibn al-Fustat in Cairo's position as the capital of his mandate.

We have codified the religious story and history of Egypt but in the direction inspired by the sermons and lessons and instilled the values of uniformity and truth, justice and advocacy for the worship of one God and the beginning of the Islamic Arab rule began writing the history of Egypt takes the features of documentation and arrangement and detail frequently from the narrators and the first record in the books.

Egypt has been documented on sensory evidence, more than any other country Vnicoc Pharaohs and the hieroglyphic language that decoded Hambilion together with books narrators Arabs and Muslims and the religious story that came in the heavenly books and access to recordings of the narrators, hikers, explorers and Western Orientalists.

Egypt and the Museum is not bounded by space and time, in which evidence and benchmarks tell the story of civilizations and the Copts and the Pharaohs and the Holy Family, Greece, Romans, Arabs and Muslims who have settled in nearly 15 centuries and recognized by the Arab-Islamic identity, multi-cultural roots, and the effects of the hallmarks of the invaders who have dared to hope and crossed and left of the Frenchmen and the British, the other .

Civilization can be recognized that the State of modern Egypt was established with the beginning of the family of Mohamed Ali, who came from Albania and the Ottoman ruler of his mandate so he veered towards independence and laid the foundations for a modern looking forward to the renaissance of European civilization and boys by the carrier systems and methods and manifestations. The continued provision of this family that the Egyptians took the reins of their country in July 23, 1952 to begin the era of the Republic to take over Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser leadership directed towards confirming the helm, to unify the Islamic and Arab identity and its leading role in the Arab region until the present day.

During the reign of Mohamed Ali, Egypt witnessed the waves coming from the colonial powers of Europe: The first is the French campaign led by Napoleon in 1798 and left traces of civilization to the Egyptian society, and the second is the British occupation in 1882 and continued until Gelaih after the revolution of July 1952

Cairo

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Is the capital of Arab Republic of Egypt
Major Cities: Alexandria, Port Said, Suez, Ismailia, Tanta, Damietta, Aswan, Luxor, Asyut, Zagazig, Sohag, Fayoum, Arish, Sharm el-Sheikh, Marsa Matruh, Minya, Menoufiya, Beni Suef, Mariot, Hurghada, Cairo, Mahalla.
Area: 997,738 sq km.
Population: about 70.7 million people (2002)
Official language: Arabic language and used English and French languages in business transactions.

National Day: Festival of the revolution in July 23 (by 1952).
Time: two hours + Greenwich Mean Time.
Currency: Egyptian pound = 100 piastres = 1000 penny
Electricity: 220 volts.
Phone: international line 02
Weekend: Friday to government departments and the private sector on Friday or Sunday.
Hours: from 8 am to (2) pm, while the banks, it is 9 to 1.30 pm and from 10 to 12 on Sunday and bank holiday on Friday and Saturday.

Visas:

Mandatory for all foreign visitors except nationals of Arab countries.
Ports and airports: Cairo International Airport, about 22.5 kilometers from downtown and the airport of Alexandria, about 8 km from the center and there are airports in all of Aswan and Luxor, Hurghada and Sharm el-Sheikh and several other airports. There is the main port in Alexandria and there are other ports in Port Said, Suez and Damietta.
Administrative division: Egypt composed of 26 governorates in addition to the City Council of Luxor .. The provinces are: Painting, Red Sea, Lake, Fayoum, Gharbia, Alexandria, Ismailia, Giza, Menoufiya, Menya, Cairo, Cairo, New Valley, Eastern, Suez, Aswan, Asyut, Beni Suef, Port Said, Damietta, South Sinai, Kafr El - Shaykh, Matruh, Qina, north Sinai, Sohag.
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, phosphates, iron ore, manganese, tin, zinc, gypsum, asbestos.

Change:

Egypt's climate is moderate and there is total almost half of the northern climate in the Mediterranean basin variable depending on the four seasons in the Western Sahara dry weather prevails not exceed the rate of moisture ten percent. And be hot and dry summers and cool rainy winter.

Geographic profile

Egypt lies between latitudes 22 and 31.5 north of the equator and between longitudes 25 and 37 east of Greenwich which occupies the northeast corner of the continent of Africa and in the heart of the Arab world between the wings, Asian, African and is bordered by Libya to the west and south Sudan, Palestine and the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea north of east. And topography of Egypt consists of four sections: the first agricultural land and the Nile River is the most important physical features of Egypt, and mentioned here because Herodotus «Egypt the gift of the Nile» which is the longest river in the world The «6690» Delta miles and take the form of a triangle head in the south, where the Nile branches into two branches: Damietta and rational east and west, where Delta is characterized by fertile soil. The second section is the period of Western Sahara and the Nile Valley and Delta to the Libyan border in the west to the borders of Sudan from the south and an area of 68 percent of Egypt's area. And III of the Eastern Desert «east of the Nile» to the Red Sea and an area of 22% of the area of Egypt. Section IV is the Sinai Peninsula, an area of 6% of the area of Egypt

Cairo

Is the capital of Arab Republic of Egypt and the largest city in Egypt and Africa is divided into three main tourist areas: Islamic Cairo, which includes many Islamic monuments such as mosques, markets, palaces and walls, and the Al-Azhar Al-Sharif mosque which was built during the Fatimid caliphate, as well as a minaret as well as museums such as the Museum of Islamic Art located in the Bab field, which includes 80 A masterpiece of Islamic civilization is the most famous in the world's largest Quran handwritten and a group of Fatimid ceramics and drawing of the Holy Ka'aba on slabs of porcelain to a group of incense burners and candlesticks, and there Jawhara Palace Museum, built by Muhammad Ali and also a museum Manial Palace which was built by Prince Mohamed Ali Tawfiq and remodeled between architecture combines Turkish, Arabic and Persian, and a rare collection of manuscripts and artifacts of the Ottoman era.

The other parts of Cairo, a Christian area of Ancient Egypt are found where there are outstanding church built on the south tower of the Fortress of Babylon, the headquarters of the Roman army in ancient Egypt, was built on the model also Albasilki Abe Srjp Church, where she settled after fleeing the Holy Family to Egypt and has three structures and lounge with 12 a column decorated with pictures of the disciples of Christ and the Church of the Virgin peace be upon them, known as the «coercive Reehan» and the Church of St. George, which was built in the thirteenth century and the Church of St. Barbara, built in the early Islamic era, and there are other Christian shrines like a tree located Matareyah Virgin and the Coptic Museum, which contains books rare up to seven thousand books on art Coptic and Coptic language and history of Egypt during the Coptic era.

The third section of Cairo Pharaonic tourist is online and include the city north of Cairo, the city of Memphis, the capital of ancient Egypt and the most important landmarks the pyramids of Cheops, Khafre and Menkaure, the Sphinx, and boats and the effects of the sun Oherm Unas at Saqqara, and the graves of the nobility, and the effects of a dead hostage, the Statue of Ramses II and the Temple of Ptah Temple of mummification White Calf and Trinity Memphis granite and the Temple of Ramses II and the first T-zone and the effects of Abu Sir and the effects of Dahshur.
In Cairo, Egyptian Museum there, which includes more than 150 thousand artifacts, before and hundreds of thousands of pieces in stock.

The assets of the Museum of the effects of a tomb of Tutankhamun also includes a statue of King Khafre, and the treasures of King Menkaure and princesses of the Twelfth Dynasty, and in the pyramids area, the project sound and light tells the history of Egypt in several languages within one hour of time, interspersed with music and other influences, and there are a number of other museums in Cairo.
Bey and the Sultan Ghori, mosques Amr ibn al-Aas and Ibn Tulun and Sultan Hassan and Muhammad Ali.

Ramadan in Cairo .. Another type of tourism

As well as tourism in the spirit of faith that opens Rehab prospects in the holy month of Ramadan, the holy month of days in Old Cairo special flavor is rarely seen in the capitals of all Middle ..
And times to enjoy the tourism is concentrated between the Ramadan breakfast and watch suhoor in the areas of the field-Hussein, Khan al-Khalili in central Cairo, there could be a fasting person to deal with a heavy dose of history and splendor through the surrounding historic buildings. If you want more and went to Sayyida Zaynab district to see and feel the real celebration for the month of Ramadan, where people decorated their streets narrow, paper decorations, but exhilarating, lanterns above the majority of balconies and free street corner or alley vendors pickles, bread and drink licorice, all of the axioms of Ramadan banquets.
Among the areas that turn this month to what might be called Ramadan tourism area of the citadel which is the focus of any visit by a tourist to Islamic Cairo.

In the field of Saladin, the bottom of the castle, which is free throughout the year of the hammocks and tents welcome visitors various celebrations, tourists can to win Ramadan Other Ramadan dawns by popular cafe goers adjacent to the Sultan Hassan Mosque and from there get the pioneer in on the fun is priceless and overlooking the scene of the mosques of Al Rifai and Sultan Hassan and worshipers and children celebrating Ramadan and sellers of oriental sweets.

With a cup of tea «Almnana» of your chair will allow you to follow-up giant television screens the main series that revolves mostly around images of life in Egypt before the thirty or forty years or more .. If you are a fan of excellence, the Egyptian Opera House offers you a program full of songs and music with nature Ramadan .. The «narrative Castle» provides a very interesting presentations on Saturday, Monday and Wednesday for Sufi music. And ends on tourism with the date of Ramadan Suhoor which repeat the scenes of the round compact and beverage Almnanap does not stop only with the ears of dawn.

Luxor

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Considered Luxor, which lies about 620 km south of Cairo, a storehouse of ancient Egyptian civilization and more than «800» and the shrine of the most fascinating archaeological and his successors Egypt's human heritage. Luxor has been (good), the capital of Egypt until the beginning of the sixth dynasty of pharaohs, when the capital was moved to Memphis in the north.

There were several names that were fired at the Luxor in its history, the most famous city cent door, and the city of the sun, and the City of Light, the City of Mace, and called the Arabs this name: Luxor, collection Palace, with the beginning of the Islamic conquest of Egypt. It is considered the most important tourist winter resort in Egypt and the focus of attraction for lovers of ancient Egyptian civilization. The town has its unique character, which distinguishes it from all parts of the world, where one of the most important tourist attractions in Egypt, with more amount of ancient monuments, which spares no place for speaking about the impact of the greatness of the ancient Egyptians thousands of years BC.

Luxor and includes a lot of effects, most notably the Temple of Luxor and Karnak Temples and the Museum of the city and the tombs of the Valley of Kings, Queens and the funerary temples and tombs of supervision and other effects timeless. The Luxor has seen great interest in their restoration and museums over the past years, with the opening of the third floor of the temple of Queen Hatshepsut, the first time after its restoration, as is the completion of the restoration of the tomb of Horemheb largest and most important tomb in the Valley of the Kings, in addition to the installation of electric gates for all archaeological sites open to secure it against theft.

Because Luxor attract a larger portion of the incoming foreign tourism to Egypt, mainly tourists, Italians, Germans, Englishmen, who are also attracted to attract large numbers of intellectuals, artists and interested to touch their artwork, from paintings and statues of aesthetic and technical, along the route of the passage of tourists, and 18 beauty arena, it is through 18 works of art that combines ancient Egyptian art and art contemporary Egypt, and the rehabilitation of the Nile Corniche and illuminated in proportion to the nature of Luxor, in cooperation with the Ministry of Tourism and the Supreme Council of Antiquities

Tourism in Egypt

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Egypt culture and history
Information about the most famous cities and tourist sites

Arab Republic of Egypt

Egypt is one of the most prominent tourist attractions in the world
Because of its tourist treasures of a multifaceted
It is the most important cultural tourism, where lie the ancient civilizations of the eye
Pronounced as it was built that the United civilizations since the dawn of history.

Next to the old cultural tourism product, the accumulation of a tender of those civilizations was stored in a unique human heritage reflected in the lives of the Egyptians, rich and diverse patterns of distinct natures, manners and customs of the Egyptians made the same.
Passions Basarp legacy of ancient civilizations, a tourist attraction alone.

Did not skimp on Egypt Battaiha nature has given by God Almighty in the distinctive nature of enticing eyes and hearts, and not only the beauty and magic of the Nile as soon as the pot forever settle it, but spread the beauty of Egypt to decorate Sahaliha on the Mediterranean and the Red and dive deep into their level and spread in the desert and made it all the title months .. Egypt genius of the place, Egypt is well known .. The most famous in history .. Fronia, Greeks, Romania, Arab, Islamic, and philanthropy, is a plant product and store the Arab cultural and humanitarian, thought, literature, politics, art, journalism, architecture, unique to Egypt has a lot of areas that attract tourism and associated with these ingredients massive product of the Egyptian tourism infrastructure developed and modern facilities, installations and services requirements of the various high-end tourism from a wide range of the most luxurious international hotels to the transport network, air, land and sea and river and to the excellent communication facilities and centers, tourist guidance makes tourist visit to Egypt was an important goal and purpose of visit full of fun and excitement and interest.

Basic Information