Banking Today

National Sports Award 2011

2011-10-27T19:27:00.001+05:30

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award:

Gagan Narang (Shooting)

Arjuna Award:

Rahul Banerjee (Archery)
Preeja Sreedharan
Vikash Gowda (Athletics)
G. Jwala (Badminton)
Suranjoy Singh (Boxing)
Zaheer Khan (Cricket)
Sunil Chhetri (Football)
Ashish Kumar (Gymnastics)
Rajpal Singh (Hockey)
Rakesh Kumar
Tejeswini Bai (Kabaddi)
Tejeswini Sawant (Shooting)
Veerdhawal Khade (Swimming)
Somdev Devvarman (Tennis)
Sanjay Kumar (Volleyball)
Ravinder Singh (Wrestling)
K. Ravi Kumar (Weightlifting)
W. Sandhyarani Devi (Wushu)
Prashant Karamakar (Swimming-paralympics)

Dronacharya Award:

I.Venkateswara Rao (Boxing)
Devendra Kumar Rathor (Gymnastics)
Ramphal (Wrestling)
Dr. Kuntal Roy (Athletics)
Rajinder Singh (Hockey).

Dhyan Chand Award:

Shabbir Ali (Football)
Sushil Kohli (Swimming)
Rajkumar (Wrestling)

State Bank Of India Reasoning Questions

2011-10-05T23:42:00.002+05:30

1. If it is possible to make only one meaningful word with the Third, Seventh, Eighth and Tenth letters of the word COMPATIBILITY, which of the following would be the last letter of that word ? If no such word can be made, give ‘X’ as your answer and if more than one such word can be formed, give your answer as ‘Y’.
(A) I
(B) B
(C) L
(D) X
(E) Y
Ans : (B)

2. Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and so form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to that group ?
(A) Stem
(B) Tree
(C) Root
(D) Branch
(E) Leaf
Ans : (B)
3. How many meaningful three letter English words can be formed with the letters AER, using each letter only once in each word ?
(A) None
(B) One
(C) Two
(D) Three
(E) Four
Ans : (D)
4. In a certain code FINE is written HGPC.
How is SLIT written in that code ?
(A) UTGR
(B) UTKR
(C) TUGR
(D) RUGT
(E) None of these
Ans : (E)
5. If ‘Apple’ is called ‘Orange’, ‘Orange’ is called ‘Peach’, ‘Peach’ is called ‘Potato’, ‘Potato’ is called ‘Banana’, ‘Banana’ is called ‘Papaya’ and ‘Papaya’ is called ‘Guava’, which of the following grows underground ?
(A) Potato
(B) Guava
(C) Apple
(D) Banana
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
6. If the digits in the number 86435192 are arranged in ascending order, what will be the difference between the digits which are second from the right and fourth from the left in the new arrangement ?
(A) One
(B) Two
(C) Three
(D) Four
(E) None
Ans : (D)
7. Each vowel of the word ADJECTIVE is substituted with the next letter of the English alphabetical series, and each consonant is substituted with the letter preceding it. How many vowels are present in the new arrangement ?
(A) None
(B) One
(C) Two
(D) Three
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)

8. If in a certain language LATE is coded as 8&4$ and HIRE is coded as 7*3$ then how will HAIL be coded in the same language ?
(A) 7&8*
(B) &7*8
(C) 7*&8
(D) 7&*8
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
9. How many such pairs of letters are there in word ENGLISH, each of which has as many letters between its two letters as there are between them in the English alphabets ?
(A) None
(B) One
(C) Two
(D) Three
(E) More than three
Ans : (E)
10. In a certain code ‘na pa ka so’ means ‘birds fly very high’, ‘ri so la pa’ means ‘birds are very beautiful’ and ‘ti me ka bo’ means ‘the parrots could fly’. Which of the following is the code for ‘high’ in that language ?
(A) na
(B) ka
(C) bo
(D) so
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
Directions—(Q. 11–15) In each of the questions below are given three statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read both the conclusions and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.
Read the statements and the conclusions which follow it and
Give answer—
(A) if only conclusion I is true.
(B) if only conclusion II is true.
(C) if either conclusion I or conclusion II is true.
(D) if neither conclusion I nor conclusion II is true
(E) if both conclusions I and II are true.
11. Statements : All stars are suns.
Some suns are planets.
All planets are satellites.
Conclusions :
I. Some satellites are stars.
II. No star is a satellite.
Ans : (C)
12. Statements : All fishes are birds.
All birds are rats.
All rats are cows.
Conclusions :
I. All birds are cows
II. All rats are fishes
Ans : (A)
13. Statements : All curtains are rods.
Some rods are sheets.
Some sheets are pillows.
Conclusions :
I. Some pillows are rods.
II. Some rods are curtains.
Ans : (B)

14. Statements : Some walls are windows.
Some windows are doors.
All doors are roofs.
Conclusions :
I. Some doors are walls.
II. No roof is a window.
Ans : (D)

15. Statements : All switches are plugs.
Some plugs are bulbs.
All bulbs are sockets.
Conclusions :
I. Some sockets are plugs.
II. Some plugs are switches.
Ans : (E)
Directions—(Q. 16–20) Study the sets of numbers given below and answer the questions, which follow :
489 – 541 – 654 – 953 – 983
16. If in each number, the first and the last digits are interchanged, which of the following will be the second highest number ?
(A) 489
(B) 541
(C) 654
(D) 953
(E) 783
Ans : (C)
17. If in each number, all the three digits are arranged in ascending order, which of the following will be the lowest number ?
(A) 489
(B) 541
(C) 654
(D) 953
(E) 783
Ans : (B)
18. Which of the following numbers will be obtained if the first digit of lowest number is subtracted from the second digit of highest number after adding one to each of the numbers ?
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) 5
Ans : (A)
19. If five is subtracted from each of the numbers, which of the following numbers will be the difference between the second digit of second highest number and the second digit of the highest number ?
(A) Zero
(B) 3
(C) 1
(D) 4
(E) 2
Ans : (B)
20. If in each number the first and the second digits are interchanged, which will be the third highest number ?
(A) 489
(B) 541
(C) 654
(D) 953
(E) 783
Ans : (D)
Directions—(Q. 21–25) Read the following information carefully and answer the questions, which follow :
‘A – B’ means ‘A is father of B’
‘A + B’ means ‘A is daughter of B’
‘A ÷ B’ means ‘A is son of B’
‘A × B’ means ‘A is wife of B’
21. Which of the following means P is grandson of S ?
(A) P + Q – S
(B) P ÷ Q × S
(C) P ÷ Q + S
(D) P × Q ÷ S
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
22. How is P related to T in the expression ‘P + S – T’ ?
(A) Sister
(B) Wife
(C) Son
(D) Daughter
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
23. In the expression ‘P + Q × T’ how is T related to P ?
(A) Mother
(B) Father
(C) Son
(D) Brother
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
24. Which of the following means T is wife of P ?
(A) P × S ÷ T
(B) P ÷ S × T
(C) P – S ÷ T
(D) P + T ÷ S
(E) None of these
Ans : (E)
25. In the expression ‘P × Q – T’ how is T related to P ?
(A) Daughter
(B) Sister
(C) Mother
(D) Can’t be determined
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
Directions—(Q. 26–30) In each of these questions a group of letters is given followed by four combinations of number/symbol lettered (A), (B), (C) & (D). Letters are to be coded as per the scheme and conditions given below. You have to find out the serial letter of the combination, which represents the letter group. Serial letter of that combination is your answer. If none of the combinations is correct, your answer is (E) i.e. None of these :
Letters# Q M S I N G D K A L P R B J E
Number/ Symbol# 7 @ 4 # % $ 6 1 2 £ 5 * 9 8 3
Conditions :
(i) If the first letter is a consonant and the last a vowel, both are to be coded as the code of the vowel.
(ii) If the first letter is a vowel and the last a consonant, the codes for the first and the last are to be interchanged.
(iii) If no vowel is present in the group of letters, the second and the fifth letters are to be coded as ©.
26. BKGQJN
(A) 9©$7©%
(B) ©9$7%©
(C) 91$78%
(D) %1$789
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
27. IJBRLG
(A) #89*£$
(B) #89*£#
(C) $89*£#
(D) $89*£$
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
28. BARNIS
(A) 92*#%4
(B) 924#*%
(C) 92*#%9
(D) 42*#%4
(E) None of these
Ans : (E)
29. EGAKRL
(A) #£$21*
(B) £$21*3
(C) £$21*#
(D) #£$21#
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
30. DMBNIA
(A) 6@9%#2
(B) 2@9%#6
(C) 2@9%#2
(D) 2©9%#2
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)
Directions—(Q. 31–35) Study the following information carefully to answer these questions.
Eight persons A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H work for three different companies namely X, Y and Z. Not more than three persons work for a company. There are only two ladies in the group who have different specializations and work for different companies. Of the group of friends, two have specialization in each HR, Finance and Marketing. One member is an engineer and one is a doctor. H is an HR specialist and works with a Marketing specialist B who does not work for company Y. C is an engineer and his sister works in company Z. D is a specialist in HR working in company X while her friend G is a finance specialist and works for company Z. No two persons having the same specialization work together. Marketing specialist F works for company Y and his friend A who is a Finance expert works for company X in which only two specialists work. No lady is a marketing specialist or a doctor.
31. For which of the following companies does C work ?
(A) Y
(B) X
(C) Z
(D) Data inadequate
(E) None of these
Ans : (A)
32. Which of the following represents the pair working in the same company ?
(A) D and C
(B) A and B
(C) A and E
(D) H and F
(E) None of these
Ans : (E)
33. Which of the following combination is correct ?
(A) C–Z-Engineer
(B) E–X–Doctor
(C) H–X–HR
(D) C–Y–Engineer
(E) None of these
Ans : (D)
34. Who amongst the friends is a doctor ?
(A) H
(B) E
(C) C
(D) Either E or C
(E) None of these
Ans : (B)
35. Which of the following pairs represents the two ladies in the group ?
(A) A and D
(B) B and D
(C) D and G
(D) Data inadequate
(E) None of these
Ans : (C)

PUNCHLINE AND CHAIRMAN OF BANKS

2011-09-23T13:35:00.002+05:30

Bank	Chairman	Punchline
State Bank Of India	Pratip Choudhary	Pure Banking, Nothing Else
Bank of India	Alok Kumar Misra	Relationship beyond Banking
Bank Of Baroda	M.D Mallya	Indias International Bank
Union Bank of India	M.V Nair	Good people to bank with
Punjab National Bank	K.R Kamath	The name you can bank on
Canara Bank	M.B.N Rao	Together we can
Indian Bank	T.M Bhasin	Taking banking technology to the common man
Indian Overseas Bank	M Narendra	Good people to grow with
Syndicate Bank	Basant Seth	Your faithful & friendly financial partner
United Bank Of India	Bhasker Sen	The bank that begins with you
Allahabad Bank	A.C Mahajan	A tradition Of trust
Andhra Bank	R. Ramchandran	Much More to do
Vijiya Bank	H.S Upendra Kamath	A friend you can bank upon
Punjab and Sind Bank	Praveen K Anand(ED)	-
UCO bank	Arun Kaul	Honours your trust
Bank of Maharastra	A.S Bhattacharya	Express yourself
Central Bank of India	M.V Tanksale	Build a better life around us
Oriental Bank of Commerce	Nagesh Pyadh	Where every individuals is committed
Dena Bank	D.L Rawal	Your Trusted Family Bank
IDBI	Yogesh Agrawal	Banking for all

Computer Quiz Set - 5

2011-09-22T00:33:00.001+05:30

Computer Quiz Set-5

1. Mnemonic a memory trick is used in which of the following language?

a. Machine language

b. Assembly language

c. High level language

d. None of above

2. The translator program used in assembly language is called

a. Compiler

b. Interpreter

c. Assembler

d. Translator

3. Easily reloctable language is

a. Machine language

b. Assembly language

c. High level language

d. Medium level language

4. Which of the following is called low level languages?

a. Machine language

b. Assembly language

c. Both of the above

d. None of above

5. which of the following is problem oriented language?

a. High level language

b. Machine language

c. Assembly language

d. Low level language

6. A compiler is a translating program which

a. Translates instruction of a high level language into machine language

b. Translates entire source program into machine language program

c. It is not involved in program’s execution

d. All of above

7. Which of the following is machine independence program?

a. High level language

b. Low level language

c. Assembly language

d. Machine language

8. Which statement is valid about interpreter?

a. It translates one instruction at a time

b. Object code is saved for future use

c. Repeated interpretation is not necessary

d. All of above

9. Which is the limitation of high level language?

a. Lower efficiency

b. Machine dependence

c. machine level coding

d. None of above

10. High level language is also called

a. Problem oriented language

b. Business oriented language

c. Mathematically oriented language

d. All of the above

11. A computer programmer

a. Does all the thinking for a computer

b. Can enter input data quickly

c. Can operate all types of computer equipments

d. Can draw only flowchart

12. CD-ROM is a

a. Semiconductor memory

b. Memory register

c. Magnetic memory

d. None of above

13. Which of the following is not a primary storage device?

a. Magnetic tape

b. Magnetic disk

c. Optical disk

d. None of above

14. A name or number used to identify a storage location devices?

a. A byte

b. A record

c. An address

d. All of above

15. Which of the following is a secondary memory device?

a. Keyboard

b. Disk

c. ALU

d. All of the above

16. The difference between memory and storage is that memory is … and storage is …

a. Temporary, permanent

b. Permanent, temporary

c. Slow, fast

d. All of above

17. A floppy disk contains

a. Circular tracks only

b. Sectors only

c. Both circular tracks and sectors

d. All of the above

18. The octal equivalent of 111010 is

a. 81

b. 72

c. 71

d. None of above

19. The first electronic computer in the world was

a. UNIVAC

b. EDVAC

c. ENIAC

d. All of above

20. The most commonly used standard data code to represent alphabetical, numerical and punctuation characters used in electronic data processing system is called

a. ASCII

b. EBCDIC

c. BCD

d. All of above

Answers.

Correct Answer: b
Correct Answer: c
Correct Answer: b
Correct Answer: c
Correct Answer: a
Correct Answer: d
Correct Answer: a
Correct Answer: a
Correct Answer: a
Correct Answer: d
Correct Answer: a
Correct Answer: d
Correct Answer: d
Correct Answer: c
Correct Answer: b
Correct Answer: a
Correct Answer: c
Correct Answer: b
Correct Answer: c
Correct Answer: a

Computer Quiz Set - 4

2011-09-17T08:52:00.000+05:30

Computer Quiz Set - 4

1. Which statement is valid about magnetic tape?

a. It is a plastic ribbon

b. It is coated on both sides with iron oxide

c. It can be erased and reused

d. All of above

2. The data recording format in most of the modern magnetic tape is

a. 7-bit ASCII

b. 7-bit EBCDIC

c. 8-bit ASCII

d. 8-bit EBCDIC

3. Which of the following is associated with error detector?

a. Odd parity bit

b. Even parity bit

c. Both of the above

d. None of above

4. Tape speed is measured in

a. Feet per second

b. Inch per second

c. Meter per second

d. Centimeter per second

5. Magnetic disks are the most popular medium for

a. Direct access

b. Sequential access

c. Both of above

d. None of above

6. Storage capacity of magnetic disk depends on

a. tracks per inch of surface

b. bits per inch of tracks

c. disk pack in disk surface

d. All of above

7. Reading data is performed in magnetic disk by

a. Read/write leads

b. Sectors

c. Track

d. Lower surface

8. Access time is

a. seek time + latency time

b. seek time

c. seek time – latency time

d. latency time

9. Seek time is

a. time to position the head over proper track

b. time to position the head over proper sector

c. time to position the head over proper cylinder

d. none of above

10. Latency time is

a. Time to spin the needed data under head

b. Time to spin the needed data under track

c. Time to spin data under sector

d. All of above

11. Floppy disks are available in

a. Single side single density

b. Single side double density

c. Both of above

d. None of above

12. Floppy disks typically in diameter

a. 3”

b. 5.25”

c. 8”

d. All of above

13. Hard disk is coated in both side above

a. Magnetic metallic oxide

b. Optical metallic oxide

c. Carbon layer

d. All of the above

14. Binary circuit elements have

a. One stable state

b. Two stable state

c. Three stable state

d. None of above

15. Which statement is valid?

a. 1KB = 1024 bytes

b. 1 MB=2048 bytes

c. 1 MB = 1000 kilobytes

d. 1 KB = 1000 bytes

16. Which statement is valid about computer program?

a. It is understood by a computer

b. It is understood by programmer

c. It is understood user

d. Both of above

17. Software in computer

a. Enhances the capabilities of the hardware machine

b. Increase the speed of central processing unit

c. Both of above

d. None of above

18. Which of the following is not computer language?

a. High level language

b. Medium level language

c. Low level language

d. All of the above

19. Which language is directly understood by the computer without translation program?

a. Machine language

b. Assembly language

c. High level language

d. None of above

20. Instruction in computer languages consists of

a. OPCODE

b. OPERAND

c. Both of above

d. None of above

21. Machine language is

a. Machine dependent

b. Difficult to program

c. Error prone

d. All of above

Answers:

1. Which statement is valid about magnetic tape?
a. It is a plastic ribbon

2. The data recording format in most of the modern magnetic tape is
d. 8-bit EBCDIC

3. Which of the following is associated with error detector?
c. Both of the above

4. Tape speed is measured in
b. Inch per second

5. Magnetic disks are the most popular medium for
c. Both of above

6. Storage capacity of magnetic disk depends on
d. All of above

7. Reading data is performed in magnetic disk by
a. Read/write leads

8. Access time is
a. seek time + latency time

9. Seek time is
a. time to position the head over proper track

10. Latency time is
a. Time to spin the needed data under head

11. Floppy disks are available in
c. Both of above

12. Floppy disks typically in diameter
d. All of above

13. Hard disk is coated in both side above
a. Magnetic metallic oxide

14. Binary circuit elements have
b. Two stable state

15. Which statement is valid?
a. 1KB = 1024 bytes

16. Which statement is valid about computer program?
d. Both of above

17. Software in computer
a. Enhances the capabilities of the hardware machine

18. Which of the following is not computer language?
b. Medium level language

19. Which language is directly understood by the computer without translation program?
a. Machine language

20. Instruction in computer languages consists of
c. Both of above

21. Machine language is
d. All of above

Computer Quiz Set - 3

2011-09-17T08:46:00.002+05:30

Computer Quiz Set - 3

1. Which generation of computer is still under development
a. Fourth Generation
b. Fifth Generation
c. Sixth Generation
d. Seventh Generation

2. Artificial Intelligence is associated with which generation?
a. First Generation
b. Second Generation
c. Fifth Generation
d. Sixth Generation

3. Which operation is not performed by computer
a. Inputting
b. Processing
c. Controlling
d. Understanding

4. Fifth generation computer is also known as
a. Knowledge information processing system
b. Very large scale integration (VLSI)
c. Both of above
d. None of above

5. Central Processing Unit is combination of
a. Control and storage
b. Control and output unit
c. Arithmetic logic and input unit
d. Arithmetic logic and control unit

6. The brain of any computer system is
a. Control Unit
b. Arithmetic Logic Unit
c. Central Processing Unit
d. Storage Unit

7. Pick the one that is used for logical operations or comparisons such as less than equal to or greater than.
a. Arithmetic and Logic Unit
b. Control Unit
c. Both of above
d. None of above

8. Analog computer works on the supply of
a. Continuous electrical pulses
b. Electrical pulses but not continuous
c. Magnetic strength
d. None of the above

9. Digital devices are
a. Digital Clock
b. Automobile speed meter
c. Clock with a dial and two hands
d. All of them

10. The computer that process both analog and digital is called
a. Analog computer
b. Digital computer
c. Hybrid computer
d. Mainframe computer

Answers:

1. Which generation of computer is still under development

Correct Answer: b. Fifth Generation

Explanation: Today’s computer fall under the fourth generation computers that uses the LSI and VLSI Integrated Circuits. For fifth generation computers it is expected for Ultra Large Scale Integrated Circuits (ULSI). The study for using Gallium Arsenide instead of silicon chips is underway. Electrons can travel 5 times faster in Gallium Arsenide compared to the silicon. Similarly, genetically engineered protein molecules are being tried for processors. Fifth generation computers are expected to have artificial intelligence, ability to use natural language.

2. Artificial Intelligence is associated with which generation?

Correct Answer: c. Fifth Generation

Explanation: ‘A computer is a slave in a box’. This is a saying due to the lack of intelligence in computer in spite of their speed, accuracy, diligence and reliability. A computer can only perform instructed task in the way already programmed. Thus, scientists are trying to develop artificial intelligence in computers so that they can think and make decisions themselves. This is expected for fifth generation computers.

3. Which operation is not performed by computer

Correct Answer: d. Understanding

Explanation: Computers can’t understand since they don’t have intelligence. Let’s hope in fifth generation they will achieve artificial intelligence and be able to understand.

4. Fifth generation computer is also known as

Correct Answer: a. Knowledge information processing system

Explanation: Fifth Generation computers will have artificial intelligence and will be able to understand making knowledge information processing system possible,

5. Central Processing Unit is combination of

Correct Answer: d. Arithmetic logic and control unit

Explanation: Arithmetic logic and control unit along with memory unit forms a complete central processing unit and central processing unit along with input/output unit forms a computer system.

6. The brain of any computer system is

Correct Answer: c. Central Processing Unit

Explanation: Control unit or arithmetic logical unit alone can not represent the function of brain to compare with neither does storage unit only. Central Processing Unit is the combination of control, arithmetic logic and memory units thus can be compared with brain that controls the body, processes its functions and remembers.

7. Pick the one that is used for logical operations or comparisons such as less than equal to or greater than.

Correct Answer: a. Arithmetic and Logic Unit

Explanation: Logical sub-unit of ALU performs all the comparisons such as less than equal to or greater than. Arithmetic sub-unit of ALU performs calculations such as addition, subtraction and so on.

8. Analog computer works on the supply of

Correct Answer: a. Continuous electrical pulses

Explanation: Analog computers works on the continuous electrical pulses and digital computers work on the discrete electrical pulses. Analog computers need to process physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, speed etc.

9. Digital devices are

Correct Answer: a. Digital Clock.

Explanation: Automobile speed meter and clock with a dial and two hands are analog devices. Speed meter works on speed of wheel and the later works on tension of dialed spring.

10. The computer that process both analog and digital is called

Correct Answer c. Hybrid Computer

Explanation: Analog, Digital and Hybrid are the three classes of computers based on the work or principle on which computer work. Hybrid computers can perform both the tasks of analog computers as well as hybrid computers. These computers are used in aircraft, hospitals where measuring physical quantities and converting them into digital data to analyze is required.

Computer Quiz Set - 2

2011-09-17T08:43:00.004+05:30

Computer Quiz Set - 2

1. EBCDIC stands for
a. Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
b. Extended Bit Code Decimal Interchange Code
c. Extended Bit Case Decimal Interchange Code
d. Extended Binary Case Decimal Interchange Code

2. BCD is
a. Binary Coded Decimal
b. Bit Coded Decimal
c. Binary Coded Digit
d. Bit Coded Digit

3. ASCII stands for
a. American Stable Code for International Interchange
b. American Standard Case for Institutional Interchange
c. American Standard Code for Information Interchange
d. American Standard Code for Interchange Information

4. Which of the following is first generation of computer
a. EDSAC
b. IBM-1401
c. CDC-1604
d. ICL-2900

5. Chief component of first generation computer was
a. Transistors
b. Vacuum Tubes and Valves
c. Integrated Circuits
d. None of above

6. FORTRAN is
a. File Translation
b. Format Translation
c. Formula Translation
d. Floppy Translation

7. EEPROM stand for
a. Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
b. Easily Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
c. Electronic Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
d. None of the above

8. Second Generation computers were developed during
a. 1949 to 1955
b. 1956 to 1965
c. 1965 to 1970
d. 1970 to 1990

Correct Answer: 1956 to 1965
Explanation: Second generation computers used transistors as their main electronic component. Transistor was invented by Bell Lab Scientists John Burdeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley in 1947 and won the Nobel Prize in 1956 but it was not used in computers till 1956. The second generation continued until the implementation of IC chips invented by Jack Kilby in Texas Instruments in 1958.

9. The computer size was very large in
a. First Generation
b. Second Generation
c. Third Generation
d. Fourth Generation

10. Microprocessors as switching devices are for which generation computers
a. First Generation
b. Second Generation
c. Third Generation
d. Fourth Generation

Answers:

1. EBCDIC stands for

Correct Answer: a. Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code

Explanation: EBCDIC is an 8-bit binary code for larger IBMs primarily mainframes in which each byte represent one alphanumeric character or two decimal digits. 256 characters can be coded using EBCDIC.

2. BCD is

Correct Answer: a. Binary Coded Decimal

Explanation: BCD is a binary coded notation in which each of the decimal digits is expressed as a 8-bit binary numeral. For example in binary coded decimal notation 12 is 0001 0010 as opposed to 1100 in pure binary.

3. ASCII stands for

Correct Answer: c. American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Explanation: ASCII is a code which converts characters – letters, digits, punctuations and control characters such as Alt, Tab etc – into numeral form. ASCII code is used to represent data internally in micro-computers. ASCII codes are 7 bits and can represent 0 to 127 and extended ASCII are 8 bits that represents 0 to 255.

4. Which of the following is first generation of computer

Correct Answer: a. EDSAC

Explanation: IBM-1401, CDC-1604 is second generation computer. ICL-2900 is a fourth generation computer. EDSAC is important in the development of computer since it was the first computer to use John von. Neumann’s Stored Program Concept. It used 3000 vacuum tubes and computers with vacuum tubes are of first generation computers.

5. Chief component of first generation computer was

Correct Answer: b. Vacuum Tubes and Valves

Explanation: Transistors were used for second generation computers and integrated circuits in third generation. First generation computers used vacuum tubes and valves as their main electronic component. Vacuum Tubes were invented by Lee DeForest in 1908.

6. FORTRAN is

Correct Answer: c. Formula Translation

Explanation: FORTRAN (Formula Translation) is one of the earlier High Level programming languages used to write scientific applications. It was developed by IBM in 1956.

7. EEPROM stand for

Correct Answer: a. Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Explanation: There are three types of ROM namely, PROM, EPROM and EEPROM. PROM can’t be reprogrammed, EPROM can be erased by exposing it in high intensity ultraviolet light and EEPROM can be erased and reprogrammed electrically. It is not needed to be removed from the computer to be modified.

8. Second Generation computers were developed during

Correct Answer: 1956 to 1965

Explanation: Second generation computers used transistors as their main electronic component. Transistor was invented by Bell Lab Scientists John Burdeen, Walter Brattain and William Shockley in 1947 and won the Nobel Prize in 1956 but it was not used in computers till 1956. The second generation continued until the implementation of IC chips invented by Jack Kilby in Texas Instruments in 1958.

9. The computer size was very large in

Correct Answer: a. First Generation

Explanation: It is obvious that computers developed with more power, reliability, speed and smaller sizes due to the enhancement of technology. First generation computers used 1000s of vacuum tubes that required lot of space made them gigantic in size. Single transistor could replace 1000 vacuum tubes and a single IC chip replaced 1000s of transistors made computers smaller and more speedy.

10. Microprocessors as switching devices are for which generation computers

Correct Answer: Fourth Generation

Explanation: Microprocessors further revolutionized the development of computers. Personal microcomputers were possible due to the microprocessors. The first microprocessor called Intel 4004 was developed by American Intel Corporation in 1971. Microprocessors are used in the computers of fourth generation computers.

Computer Quiz Set - 1

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Computer Quiz Set - 1

1. UNIVAC is

a. Universal Automatic Computer
b. Universal Array Computer
c. Unique Automatic Computer
d. Unvalued Automatic Computer

2. CD-ROM stands for

a. Compactable Read Only Memory
b. Compact Data Read Only Memory
c. Compactable Disk Read Only Memory
d. Compact Disk Read Only Memory

3. ALU is

a. Arithmetic Logic Unit
b. Array Logic Unit
c. Application Logic Unit
d. None of above

4. VGA is

a. Video Graphics Array
b. Visual Graphics Array
c. Volatile Graphics Array
d. Video Graphics Adapter

5. IBM 1401 is

a. First Generation Computer
b. Second Generation Computer
c. Third Generation Computer
d. Fourth Generation Computer

6. MSI stands for

a. Medium Scale Integrated Circuits
b. Medium System Integrated Circuits
c. Medium Scale Intelligent Circuit
d. Medium System Intelligent Circuit

7. The capacity of 3.5 inch floppy disk is

a. 1.40 MB
b. 1.44 GB
c. 1.40 GB
d. 1.44 MB

8. The first computer introduced in Nepal was

a. IBM 1400
b. IBM 1401
c. IBM 1402
d. IBM1402

9. WAN stands for

a. Wap Area Network
b. Wide Area Network
c. Wide Array Net
d. Wireless Area Network

10. MICR stands for

a. Magnetic Ink Character Reader
b. Magnetic Ink Code Reader
c. Magnetic Ink Cases Reader
d. None

Answers

1. UNIVAC is

Correct Answer: a. Universal Automatic Computer

Explanation: There are no computers with the name as in other options. UNIVAC was the first general purpose electronic digital computer designed for commercial use, produced by Universal Accounting Company of John Mauchly and J.P.Eckert in 1951.

2. CD-ROM stands for

Correct Answer: d. Compact Disk Read Only Memory

Explanation: There are no objects with the name as in other options. CD-ROM is a non-volatile optical data storage medium using the same physical format as audio compact disk, readable by a computer with a CD-ROM drive. The standard 12 cm diameter CD-ROM store about 660 megabytes.

3. ALU is

Correct Answer: a. Arithmetic Logic Unit

Explanation: ALU is a unit in Central Processing Unit in a computer system that is responsible for arithmetic calculations and logical operations. Apart from ALU, the CPU contains MU (Memory Unit) and CU (Control Unit).

4. VGA is

Correct Answer: a. Video Graphics Array

Explanation: VGA is a type of Graphics Adapter. Graphic Adapter is an electronic board that controls the display of a monitor. This device helps the motherboard to work with the monitor and in VGA and SVGA the last letter ‘A’ stands for ‘Array’ whereas in MDA, CGA, MCGA the last letter ‘A’ stands for ‘Adapter’.

5. IBM 1401 is

Correct Answer: b. Second Generation Computer

Explanation: IBM 1401 is a Second Generation Computer and is the first computer to enter Nepal in 2028 BS for census. Government of Nepal had brought this computer on rent and later purchased for data processing in Bureau of Statistics. After this computer, another ICL 2950/10, a British computer, was purchased by the fund of UNDP and UNFPA for the census of 2038 BS is second computer in Nepal.

6. MSI stands for

Correct Answer: a. Medium Scale Integrated Circuits

Explanation: After the invention of IC chips the development of computers plunged into next phase. Small Scale Integration and Medium Scale Integration (SSI and MSI) were used in third generation of computers and Large Scale Integration and Very Large Scale Integration (LSI and VLSI) are being used in fourth generation of computers. People are now expecting ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) Circuits to be used for fifth generation computers.

7. The capacity of 3.5 inch floppy disk is

Correct Answer: d. 1.44 MB

Explanation: Microfloppy disks (3.5 inch) if it is high density (MF2HD) can store 1.44 MB and if it is low density (MF2DD), it can store 720 KB. Mini Floppy disks (5.25 inch) if it is high density (MD2HD) can store 1.2 MB and low density (MD2DD) stores 360 KB of data.

8. The first computer introduced in Nepal was

Correct Answer: b. IBM 1401

Explanation: IBM 1401, a second generation computer was brought in Nepal by the Government of Nepal paying One Lakh and twenty five thousands per month to use in the census in 2028 B.S. Before this computer, Nepal was using a calculating device called Facit for statistical tasks.

9. WAN stands for

Correct Answer: b. Wide Area Network

Explanation: There are three different classes of computer network namely, Local Area Network (LAN) that covers a small geographical area such as a room, a building or a compound; Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) that has a citywide coverage; and Wide Area Network (WAN) that covers the whole globe or beyond the globe.

10. MICR stands for

Correct Answer: a. Magnetic Ink Character Reader

Explanation: MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Reader) is kind of scanner that can scan and identify the writing of magnetic ink. This device is used in banks to verify signatures in Checks.

Reserver Bank Of India

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Reserve Bank of India

Establishment:

The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank Of India Act,1934.

The Central Office of the Reserve Bank was initially established in Calcutta but was permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937. The Central Office is where the Governor sits and where policies are formulated.

Though originally privately owned, since nationalisation in 1949, the Reserve Bank is fully owned by the Government of India.
Main Functions
Monetary Authority:

Formulates, implements and monitors the monetary policy.
Objective: maintaining price stability and ensuring adequate flow of credit to productive sectors.

Regulator and supervisor of the financial system:

Prescribes broad parameters of banking operations within which the country's banking and financial system functions.
Objective: maintain public confidence in the system, protect depositors' interest and provide cost-effective banking services to the public.

Manager of Foreign Exchange

Manages the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.
Objective: to facilitate external trade and payment and promote orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India.

Issuer of currency:

Issues and exchanges or destroys currency and coins not fit for circulation.
Objective: to give the public adequate quantity of supplies of currency notes and coins and in good quality.

Developmental role

Performs a wide range of promotional functions to support national objectives.

Related Functions

Banker to the Government: performs merchant banking function for the central and the state governments; also acts as their banker.
Banker to banks: maintains banking accounts of all scheduled banks.

Monetary policy

Monetary policy refers to the use of instruments under the control of the central bank to regulate the availability, cost and use of money and credit.

The goal: achieving specific economic objectives, such as low and stable inflation and promoting growth.

The main objectives of monetary policy in India are:

1. Maintaining price stability

2. Ensuring adequate flow of credit to the productive sectors of the economy to support economic growth

3. Financial stability

Direct Instruments:
1. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR): The share of net demand and time liabilities that banks must maintain as cash balance with the Reserve Bank.

2. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR): The share of net demand and time liabilities that banks must maintain in safe and liquid assets, such as, government securities, cash and gold.

3. Refinance facilities: Sector-specific refinance facilities (e.g., against lending to export sector) provided to banks.

Indirect Instruments:

1. Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF): Consists of daily infusion or absorption of liquidity on a repurchase basis, through repo (liquidity injection) and reverse repo (liquidity absorption) auction operations, using government securities as collateral.

2. Open Market Operations (OMO): Outright sales/purchases of government securities, in addition to LAF, as a tool to determine the level of liquidity over the medium term.

3. Market Stabilisation Scheme (MSS): This instrument for monetary management was introduced in 2004. Liquidity of a more enduring nature arising from large capital flows is absorbed through sale of short-dated government securities and treasury bills. The mobilised cash is held in a separate government account with the Reserve Bank.

4. Repo/Reverse Repo Rate: These rates under the Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF) determine the corridor for short-term money market interest rates. In turn, this is expected to trigger movement in other segments of the financial market and the real economy.

5. Bank rate: It is the rate at which the Reserve Bank is ready to buy or rediscount bills of exchange or other commercial papers. It also signals the medium-term stance of monetary policy.

Important Committees in India

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ABID HUSSAIN COMMITTEE: Recommendations on Small scale industries
ABHIJIT SEN COMMITTEE : Long term food policy.
ABHIJIT SEN COMMITTEE: Reform in inflation index.
ALAGH COMMITTEE: Civil Service Examinations
ARJUN SEN GUPTA COMMISION : National Commission for enterprises in unorganized sector
B.N.KIRPAL COMMITTEE: 1st chairman National Forest Commission
BALWANT RAI MEHTA COMMITTEE: Recommendations on decentralization system
BHANU PRATAP SINGH COMMITTEE: Agriculture
BHASKAR GOSE COMMITTEE: By Union Culture Ministry to review and restructure its schemes, recommended the decentralizing administration of cultural programs.
BHURE LAL COMMITTEE : Increase in motor vehicle tax
BUTLER COMMITTEE: Relation between Indian states & paramount power (the Queen of Britain)
CHAKRAVARTI COMMITTEE: Banking sector reforms
CHELLIAH COMMITTEE: Eradicating black money
CHELLIAH COMMITTEE:Tax reforms
DAVE COMMITTEE : Pension scheme for unorganized sector.
DAVE COMMITTEE - to recommend on mutual fund industry - submitted its report to SEBI(securities and exchange board of India)
DINESH GOSWAMI COMMITTEE- electoral reforms
E.M.S. NACHIAPPAN COMMITTEE: Reforms in the higher judiciary
FALI S. NARIMAN COMMITTEE- Accountability and damages with regard to destruction of public property
G.V.RAMAKRISHNA COMMITTEE: Disinvestment in PSU shares
HUNTER COMMISSION: Jallianwalabagh massacre
HURTOG NANAVATI-Shah commission: Posy Godhra riots
J.J. IRANI COMMITTEE : Companies Bill 2008
J.S. VERMA COMMISSION : Assasination of Rajiv Gandhi (1991)
JAMES LYNGDOH COMMITTEE- Student politics and student-body elections in colleges.
JANAKI RAM COMMITTEE: Security scam
JEEVAN REDDY COMMITTEE : Comprehensive law on insurance.
JUSTICE LIBERHAN COMMISSSION - for probing events that led to Babari Masjid demolition in Ayodhaya on December 6 1992, submitted its report on june 30,2009 to P.M. Dr.Manmohan Singh.
K.T. THOMAS COMMITTEE- to look into ways of enhancing the effectives of the Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act
KELKAR COMMITTEE : Direct-Indirect Taxes
KELKAR COMMITTEE: First committee on backward castes
KOTHARI COMMISSION: Educational reforms
M.M.PUNCHI COMMISSION - To review centre - state relations, setup in 2008 - M.M.Punchi is former CJI.
MALHOTRA COMMITTEE: Insurance Reforms
MALIMATH COMMISSION: Criminal Justice
MANDAL COMMISSION: Reservation of seats for Backward castes
MASHELKAR COMMITTEE : Patent Law Report
MASHELKAR COMMITTEE: National Auto Fuel Policy
N.N. VOHRA COMMITTEE: Criminalization of politics
NANAVATI MEHTA COMMITTEE : Godhra Train - a pre-planned conspiracy by Muslims.
NARASIMHAM COMMITTEE: Banking sector reforms
NARESH CHANDRA COMMITTEE: Corporate governance
OMKAR GOSWAMI COMMITTEE: Industrial sickness
P.C.HOTHA COMMITTEE: Restructuring of civil services
PAREKH COMMITTEE : Infrastructure financing
PERCY MISTRY COMMITTEE: Making Mumbai an IFC (International Financial Centre)
R.K.RAGHAVAN COMMITTEE: Ragging in colleges
RAGHURAM C. RAJAN COMMITTEE- financial secptor reforms
RAGHVAN COMMITTEE -To prevent ragging in higher educational institutions - appointed by the Supreme Court.
RAJENDRA PACHAURI COMMITTEE: Climate Change; appointed by Maharashtra government Pachauri was chairman of Inter governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) since 2002.
RAJINDAR SACHAR COMMITTEE {2}: Report on the social, economic and educational status of the Muslims of India
RAJINDER SACHAR COMMITTEE {1}: Companies and MRPT Act
RAKESH MOHAN COMMITTEE : On Financial Sector Assessment (CFSA) set up by the Government of India and the Reserve Bank in 2006.
RAM NANDAN PRASAD COMMITTEE: Constitution of creamy layers among Backward Castes
RAM PRADHAN COMMITTEE: On 26/11 attach of terrorists; appointed by the Maharashtra government.
RANGANATH MISHRA COMMISSION : for Religious and Linguistic minorities
RANGARAJAN COMMITTEE: Reforms in private sector
RANGARAJAN COMMITTEE: Statistics
S.D. TENDULKAR COMMITTEE : Constituted to estimate poverty; said that, about 38% of the country’s population is poor. This figure is 10% higher than the present poverty estimate of 28.5%. The committee, based on new methodology, has taken into consideration indicators for health, education, sanitation, nutrition and income, as per the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO) survey of 2004-05, to reach at new poverty estimation for India.
SAM PITRODA COMMITTEE: National Knowledge Commission
SAMBASIVA RAO COMMITTEE - to examine possibility of introducing compulsory rural service for medicos - recommended one year mandatory rural service for medicos.
SARKARIA COMMISSION: Centre-State relations
SATWANT REDDY COMMITTEE- review of laws relating to registration of pharmaceutical drugs and clinical trials
SHAH COMMISSION - reorganisation of States
S.N. VERMA – Restructuring
SRIKRISHNA COMMISSION: 1992 Bombay riots
SWAMINATHAN COMMITTEE: Population policy
TARKUNDE COMMITTEE- composition of the Election Commission and other electoral reforms
THAKKAR COMMISSION: Indira Gandhi assassination case
U.C. BANERJEE COMMISSION:- Enquiry into Godhra carnage (railways)
U.K. SINHA : 16-member working group to recommend changes in the existing policies on FII inflows and participatory notes (PNs)
V K SHUNGLU COMMISSION : To Study relief to Narmada displaced.
WANCHOO COMMITTEE: Tax enquiry
YASH PAL COMMITTEE - committee on Higher education.
Y.B. REDDY COMMITTEE – Review of income tax rebates.

Important terms for Interview

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RBI – The Reserve Bank of India is the apex bank of the country, which was constituted under the RBI Act, 1934 to regulate the other banks, issue of bank notes and maintenance of reserves with a view to securing the monetary stability in India.

Credit Card - A credit card is one of the systems of payments named after the small plastic card issued to users of the system. It is a card entitling its holder to buy goods and services based on the holder's promise to pay for these goods and services.

Debit Card – Debit card allows for direct withdrawal of funds from customers bank accounts. The spending limit is determined by the available balance in the account.

Loan - A loan is a type of debt. In a loan, the borrower initially receives or borrows an amount of money, called the principal, from the lender, and is obligated to pay back or repay an equal amount of money to the lender at a later time. There are different kinds of loan such as the house loan, auto loan etc.

Bank Rate - This is the rate at which central bank (RBI) lends money to other banks or financial institutions. If the bank rate goes up, long-term interest rates also tend to move up, and vice-versa.

CRR - CRR means Cash Reserve Ratio. Banks in India are required to hold a certain proportion of their deposits in the form of cash with Reserve Bank of India (RBI). This minimum ratio is stipulated by the RBI and is known as the CRR or Cash Reserve Ratio. Thus, When a bank’s deposits increase by Rs100, and if the cash reserve ratio is 9%, the banks will have to hold additional Rs 9 with RBI and Bank will be able to use only Rs 91 for investments and lending / credit purpose. Therefore, higher the ratio (i.e. CRR), the lower is the amount that banks will be able to use for lending and investment. This power of RBI to reduce the lendable amount by increasing the CRR makes it an instrument in the hands of a central bank through which it can control the amount that banks lend. Thus, it is a tool used by RBI to control liquidity in the banking system.

SLR - SLR stands for Statutory Liquidity Ratio. This term is used by bankers and indicates the minimum percentage of deposits that the bank has to maintain in form of gold, cash or other approved securities. Thus, we can say that it is ratio of cash and some other approved to liabilities (deposits). It regulates the credit growth in India.

ATM - An automated teller machine (ATM) is a computerised telecommunications device that provides the clients with access to financial transactions in a public space without the need for a cashier, human clerk or bank teller. On most modern ATMs, the customer is identified by inserting a plastic ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a plastic smart card with a chip, that contains a unique card number and some security information such as an expiration date or CVV. Authentication is provided by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN)

Cheque Clearing - This is the process of getting the money from the cheque-writer's account into the cheque receiver's account.

Clearing Bank - This is a bank that can clear funds between banks. For general purposes, this is any institution which we know of as a bank or as a provider of banking services.

Bounced Cheque - when the bank has not enough funds in the relevant account or the account holder requests that the cheque is bounced (under exceptional circumstances) then the bank will return the cheque to the account holder. The beneficiary of the cheque will have not been paid. This normally incurs a fee from the bank.

Credit Rating - This is the rating which an individual (or company) gets from the credit industry. This is obtained by the individual's credit history, the details of which are available from specialist organisations like CRISIL in India.

Credit-Worthiness - This is the judgement of an organization which is assessing whether or not to take a particular individual on as a customer. An individual might be considered credit-worthy by one organisation but not by another. Much depends on whether an organization is involved with high risk customers or not.

Interest - The amount paid or charged on money over time. If you borrow money interest will be charged on the loan. If you invest money, interest will be paid (where appropriate to the investment).

Overdraft - This is when a person has a minus figure in their account. It can be authorized (agreed to in advance or retrospect) or unauthorized (where the bank has not agreed to the overdraft either because the account holder represents too great a risk to lend to in this way or because the account holder has not asked for an overdraft facility).

Payee - The person who receives a payment. This often applies to cheques. If you receive a cheque you are the payee and the person or company who wrote the cheque is the payer.

Payer - The person who makes a payment. This often applies to cheques. If you write a cheque you are the payer and the recipient of the cheque is the payee.

Security for Loans - Where large loans are required the lending institution often needs to have a guarantee that the loan will be paid back. This takes the form of a large item of capital outlay (typically a house) which is owned or partly owned and the amount owned is at least equivalent to the loan required.

Internet Banking - Online banking (or Internet banking) allows customers to conduct financial transactions on a secure website operated by the bank.

Demand Deposit – A Demand deposit is the one which can be withdrawn at any time, without any notice or penalty; e.g. money deposited in a checking account or savings account in a bank.

Time Deposit – Time deposit is a money deposit at a banking institution that cannot be withdrawn for a certain "term" or period of time. When the term is over it can be withdrawn or it can be held for another term.

Fixed Deposits – FDs are the deposits that are repayable on fixed maturity date along with the principal and agreed interest rate for the period. Banks pay higher interest rates on FDs than the savings bank account.

Recurring Deposits – These are also called cumulative deposits and in recurring deposit accounts, a certain amounts of savings are required to be compulsorily deposited at specific intervals for a specified period.

Savings Account – Savings account is an account generally maintained by retail customers that deposit money (i.e. their savings) and can withdraw them whenever they need. Funds in these accounts are subjected to low rates of interest.

Current Accounts – These accounts are maintained by the corporate clients that may be operated any number of times in a day. There is a maintenance charge for the current accounts for which the holders enjoy facilities of easy handling, overdraft facility etc.

FCNR Accounts – Foreign Currency Non-Resident accounts are the ones that are maintained by the NRIs in foreign currencies like USD, DM, and GBP etc. The account is a term deposit with interest rates linked to the international rates of interest of the respective currencies.

NRE Accounts – Non-Resident External accounts are the ones in which NRIs remit money in any permitted foreign currency and the remittance is converted to Indian rupees for credit to NRE accounts. The accounts can be in the form of current, saving, FDs, recurring deposits. The interest rates and other terms of these accounts are as per the RBI directives.

Cheque Book - A small, bound booklet of cheques. A cheque is a piece of paper produced by your bank with your account number, sort-code and cheque number printed on it. The account number distinguishes your account from other accounts; the sort-code is your bank's special code which distinguishes it from any other bank.

Do's and Don'ts

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Interview Do’s

Do your research and know the type of job interview you will be encountering. And do prepare and practice for the interview, but don't memorize or over-rehearse your answers.

Dress appropriately for the day.
- Appearance is very important-it makes the interviewer see you as a prepared individual. It will also make you feel more confident.
- Wear neat, ironed formals and make sure you are comfortable wearing them.

Know the venue well in advance and reach their well in time i.e. about 15 minutes before the process begins.

Do take an extra copy of your resume and a list of references with you to the interview.

Do bring a pen and small notebook with you to the interview.

Treat other people you encounter with courtesy and respect.

Maintain good eye contact during the interview.

Sit properly in your seat; avoid fidgeting and slouching.

Respond to questions and back up your statements about yourself with specific examples whenever possible.

Ask for clarification if you don't understand a question.

Take time to think before answering difficult or unexpected questions.

Be honest and be yourself. But at the same time-you can also try and cook up some facts during the interview as long as you can justify them. Be confident while doing this too-the interviewer doesn’t know if it is a fact or not.

Treat the interview seriously and as though you are truly interested in the employer and the opportunity presented.

Interview Dont's

Don't make negative comments about previous employers or professors (or others).

Don't treat the interview casually, as if you are doing the interview for practice. This is an insult to the interviewer and to the organization.

Don't give the impression you are only interested in salary; don't ask about salary and benefits issues until the subject is brought up by your interviewer.

Don't exhibit frustrations or a negative attitude in an interview though a job search can be hard work and involve frustrations.

Don't allow your cell phone to sound during the interview. (If it does, apologize quickly and ignore it.) Don't take a cell phone call. Don't look at a text message. Better, don’t take your cell inside the interview room.

Don't take your family or friends to the interview. If you are not grown up and independent enough to attend an interview alone, you're insufficiently grown up and independent for a job.

Don't be soft-spoken i.e. don’t sound dull or uninterested. A forceful voice projects confidence.

Banking Abbreviations

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ABCI - Association of Business Communicators
of India
ABCP - Asset Backed Commercial Paper
ACU - Asian Clearing Union
ADB - Asian Development Bank
ADF - Augmented Dicky Fuller
ADR - Asset Development Reserve
ADRs - American Depository Receipts
ADs - Authorised Dealers
AERA - Airport Economic Regulatory Act
AFI - Annual Financial Inspection
AIFI - All India Financial Institution
AIMSCS - Advanced Institute of Mathematics,
Statistics and Computer Science
ALM - Asset Liability Management
AMA - Advanced Measurement Approach
AMFI - Association of Mutual Funds in India
AML - Anti-Money Laundering
AMU - Asian Monetary Unit
ANBC - Adjusted Net Bank Credit
APS - Annual Policy Statement
AS - Accounting Standard
ATM - Automated Teller Machine
BAFT - Bankers’ Association for Finance &
Trade
BC - Business Correspondent
BCBS - Basel Committee on Banking Supervision
BCP - Business Continuity Planning
BCSBI - Banking Codes and Standards Board of
India
BE - Budget Estimates
BF - Business Facilitator
BFS - Board for Financial Supervision
BFSI - Banking Financial Services and Insurance
BIS - Bank for International Settlements
BMP - Basic Management Programme
BoP - Balance of Payments
BPLR - Benchmark Prime Lending Rate
BPSS - Board for Regulation and Supervision of
Payment and Settlement Systems
BRBNMPL - Bharatiya Reserve Bank Note Mudran
Private Limited
BSA - Bilateral Swap Arrangements
BSE - Bombay Stock Exchange, Mumbai
BSR - Basic Statistical Returns
BTC - Bankers’ Training College
CA - Concurrent Audit
CAB - College of Agricultural Banking
CACP - Commission for Agricultural Costs and
Prices
CAD - Current Account Deficit
CAMELS - Capital Adquacy, Asset Quality,
Management, Earnings, Liquidity,
Systems and Control
CAS - Central Account Section
CBDT - Central Board of Direct Taxes
CBLO - Collateralised Borrowing and Lending
Obligation
CBS - Consolidated Banking Statistics
CBS - Core Banking Solutions
CC - Cubic Capacity
CCB - Central Co-operative Bank
CCC - Central Complaints Committee
CCIL - Clearing Corporation of India Limited
CCR - Counterfeit Currency Report
CCRS - Currency Chest Reporting System
CD - Certificate of Deposit
C-D - Currency-Deposit
CDBMS - Centralised Data Base Management
System
CDOs - Collateralised Debt Obligations
CDR - Corporate Debt Restructuring
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xvi
CDS - Credit Default Swap
CENVAT - Central Value Added Tax
CFMS - Centralised Funds Management System
CFSA - Committee on Financial Sector
Assessment
CFT - Combating Financing of Terrorism
CGFTMSE - Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro
and Small Enterprises
CGRA - Currency & Gold Revaluation Account
CIC - Central Information Commission
CICs - Credit Information Companies
CIS - Commonwealth of Independent States
CMCPS - Compulsorily and Mandatorily
Convertible Preference Shares
CMIS - Currency Management Information
System
CoBoSAC - Corporate Bonds and Securitisation
Advisory Committee
CODs - Central Office Departments
CoR - Certificate of Registration
CP - Commercial Paper
CPADS - Centralised Public Accounts Department
System
CPC - Cheque Processing Centre
CPDO - Centralised Public Debt Office
CPFF - Commercial Paper Funding Facility
CPI - Consumer Price Index
CPI-AL - Consumer Price Index-
Agricultural Labourers
CPI-RL - Consumer Price Index-
Rural Labourers
CPI-IW - Consumer Price Index for Industrial
Workers
CPIO - Central Public Information Officer
CPIs - Consumer Price Indices
CPMG - Corporate Performance Monitoring
Group
CPPC - Central Pension Payment Cell
CPSEs - Central Public Sector Enterprises
CR - Contingency Reserve
CRAR - Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets Ratio
CRCS - Central Registar of Co-operative
Societies
CRR - Cash Reserve Ratio
CSAA - Control Self Assessment Audit
CSD - Customer Services Department
CSF - Consolidated Sinking Fund
CSGL - Constituant Subsidiary General Ledger
CSO - Central Statistical Organisation
CTR - Cash Transaction Receipt
CTS - Cheque Truncation System
CTS - Complaint Tracking System
CVD - Countervailing Duty
CVPS - Currency Verification and Processing
System
CWC - Central Water Commission
DAD - Deposit Accounts Department
DAP - District Agricultural Plan
DAPM - Department of Administration and
Personnel Management
DBOD - Department of Banking Operations and
Development
DBS - Department of Banking Supervision
DCC - District Consultative Committee
DCCB - District Central Cooperative Bank
DCM - Department of Currency Management
DEAP - Department of Economic Analysis and
Policy
DEBC - Department of Expenditure and
Budgetary Control
DEIO - Department of External Investments and
Operations
DEPB - Duty Entitlement Pass Book
DGBA - Department of Government and Bank
Accounts
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xvii
DGCI & S - Directorate General of Commercial
Intelligence and Statistics
DIC - District Industries Centre
DICGC - Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee
Corporation
DIP - Disclosure and Investor Protection
DIT - Department of Information Technology
DMIS - Document Management Information
System
DNBS - Department of Non-Banking Supervision
DOC - Department of Communication
DoT - Department of Telecommunication
DRG - Development Research Group
DRI - Differential Rate of Interest
DRT - Debt Recovery Tribunal
DS - Difference Stationary
DSB - Designated Settlement Banks
DSIM - Department of Statistics and Information
Management
DvP - Delivery versus Payment
EACB - European Association of Co-operative
Banks
EBT - Electronic Benefit Transfer
ECB - European Central Bank
ECBs - External Commercial Borrowings
ECGC - Export Credit Guarantee Corporation
ECR - Export Credit Refinance
ECS - Electronic Clearing Services
EEA - Exchange Equalisation Account
EEFC - Exchange Earners’ Foreign Currency
EFT - Electronic Funds Transfer
EMEs - Emerging Market Economies
EOU - Export Oriented Unit
EPCG - Export Promotion Capital Goods
ESOS - Employees Stock Option Scheme
EU - European Union
EXIM Bank - Export Import Bank
FAO - Food & Agriculture Organisation
FAQs - Frequently Asked Questions
FATF - Financial Action Task Force
FBT - Fringe Benefit Tax
FC - Financial Conglomerate
FCAs - Foreign Currency Assets
FCCB - Foreign Currency Convertible Bond
FCI - Food Corporation of India
FCNR(B) - Foreign Currency Non-Resident (Banks)
FDI - Foreign Direct Investment
FED - Foreign Exchange Department
FEDAI - Foreign Exchange Dealers’ Association
of India
FI - Financial Institutions
FIEO - Federation of Indian Export
Organisation
FIIs - Foreign Institutional Investors
FIPB - Foreign Investment Promotion Board
FITL - Funded Interest Term Loan
FIU-IND - Financial Intelligence Unit-India
FLCCs - Financial Literacy and Credit Counseling
Centres
FMCG - Fast Moving Consumer Goods
FMD - Financial Markets Department
FOF - Flow of Funds
FPS - Focus Product Scheme
FRBM - Fiscal Responsibility and Budget
Management
FRBs - Floating Rate Bonds
FRL - Full Reservoir Level
FRLs - Fiscal Responsibility Legislations
FSB - Financial Stability Board
FSF - Financial Stability Forum
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xviii
FST - Financial Sector Technology
FVCIs - Foreign Venture Capital Investors
GCC - Gulf Cooperation Council
GCCs - General-purpose Credit Cards
GDP - Gross Domestic Product
GDRs - Global Depository Receipts
GFCE - Government Financial Consumption
Expenditure
GFD - Gross Fiscal Deficit
GFSR - Global Financial Stability Report
GIPSA - General Insurer’s (Public Sector)
Association of India
GoI - Government of India
GRF - Guarantee Redemption Fund
GSDP - Gross State Domestic Product
GST - Goods and Services Tax
HFCs - Housing Finance Companies
HLAC - High Level Advisory Committee
HLCCFM - High Level Coordination Committee on
Financial Markets
HLG - High Level Group
HR - Human Resources
HRDD - Human Resources Development
Department
HRMS - Human Resources Management
System
HSUI - Housing Start Up Index
HTM - Held-to-Maturity
IAS - Integrated Accounting Systems
IASC - Inspection and Audit Sub-Committee
IBA - Indian Banks’ Association
ICAC - International Cotton Advisory
Committee
ICAI - Institute of Chartered Accountants of
India
ICAR - Indian Council for Agricultural Research
ICCOMS - Integrated Computerised Currency
Operations and Management System
ICT - Information and Communication
Technology
IDMD - Internal Debt Management Department
IDR - Indian Depository Receipt
IDRBT - Institute for Development & Research in
Banking Technology
IEM - Industrial Entrepreneurs Memoranda
IES - Integrated Establishment System
IGIDR - Indira Gandhi Institute of Development
Research
IIA - Institute of Internal Auditors
IIBM - Indian Institute of Bank Management
IIFCL - India Infrastructure Finance Company
Limited
IIFT - Indian Institute of Foreign Trade
IIP - Index of Industrial Production
ILO - International Labour Organisation
IMA - Internal Models Approach
IMD - India Millennium Deposits
IMD - India Meteorological Department
IMF - International Monetary Fund
IMFC - International Monetary and Financial
Committee
IODP - Integrated Officers Development
Programmes
IPAs - Issuing and Paying Agents
IPCC - Inter-Govermental Panel on Climate
Change
IPCs - Irrevocable Payment Commitments
IPDIs - Innovative Perpetual Debt Instruments
IPOs - Initial Public Offerings
IP-RR - Interest Payment - Revenue Receipt
IRB - Internal Ratings-Based
IRDA - Insurance Regulatory and Development
Authority
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xix
IRFs - Interest Rate Futures
ISA - Information Systems Audit
ISACA - Information Systems Audit and Control
Assessment
ISMS - Information Security Management
System
ISO - International Organisation for
Standardisation
IT - Information Technology
IT-BPO - Information Technology - Business
Process Outsourcing
ITEs - Intra-Group Transactions and Exposures
IWMP - Integrated Watershed Management
Programme
JLG - Joint Liability Group
JNNURM - Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban
Renewal Mission
KCCs - Kisan Credit Cards
KVIBs - Khadi and Village Industries Boards
KVIC - Khadi and Village Industries
Commission
KYC - Know Your Customer
LAF - Liquidity Adjustment Facility
LB - Lowest daily outstanding Balance
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
LIBOR - London Inter-Bank Offer Rate
LOI - Letter of Intent
LPA - Long Period Average
MASI - Management Audit Systems Inspection
MAT - Minimum Alternate Tax
MCA - Ministry of Corporate Affairs
MBS - Mortgage Backed Securities
MF - Mutual Funds
MFDEF - Micro Finance Development and Equity
Fund
MFDF - Micro Finance Development Fund
MFI - Micro Finance Institution
MICR - Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
MMA - Macro Management of Agriculture
MMBCS - Magnetic Media Based Clearing System
MMMFs - Money Market Mutual Funds
MMS - Multi Modal Settlements
MODVAT - Modified Value Added Tax
MoU - Memorandum of Understanding
MPD - Monetary Policy Department
MPI - Macro-Prudential Indicators
MPLS - Multi Protocol Label Switching
MSE-CDP - Micro and Small Enterprises Cluster
Development Programme
MSEs - Micro and Small Enterprises
MSMEs - Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
MSOE - Minimum Standards of Operational
Efficiency
MSP - Minimum Support Price
MSS - Market Stabilisation Scheme
MTM - Mark-to-Market
NAB - New Arrangement to Borrow
NABARD - National Bank for Agriculture and Rural
Development
NASSCOM - National Association of Software and
Services Companies
NAV - Net Asset Value
NBFCs - Non-Banking Financial Companies
NBFC-D - Deposit taking NBFC
NBFC-ND - Non-deposit taking NBFC
NBFC-ND-SI - Systemically Important Non-deposit
taking NBFC
NCR - National Capital Region
NBO - National Building Organisation
NDA - Net Domestic Asset
NDS - Negotiated Dealing Systems
NDS - OM - Negotiated Dealing System - Order
Matching
NDTL - Net Demand and Time Liability
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xx
NECS - National Electronic Clearing System
NEFT - National Electronic Funds Transfer
NFS - National Financial Switch
NFA - Net Foreign Assets
NFSM - National Food Security Mission
NGO - Non-Government Organisation
NHB - National Housing Bank
NIBM - National Institute of Bank Management
NIC - National Informatics Centre
NIF - National Investment Fund
NIMSME - National Institute for Micro, Small and
Medium Enterprises
NIPFP - National Institute of Public Finance and
Policy
NOC - No Objection Certificate
NOF - Net Owned Funds
NPAs - Non-Performing Assets
NPCI - National Payments Corporation of India
NPS - New Pension Scheme
NRAA - National Rain Fed Area Authority
NREGS - National Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme
NR(E)RA - Non-Resident (External) Rupee Account
NRI - Non-Resident Indian
NRRDA - National Rural Road Development
Agency
NSE - National Stock Exchange
NSM - Note Sorting Machine
NSSF - National Small Saving Fund
NSSO - National Sample Survey Organisation
OBCs - Other Backward Classs
OBE - Off- Balance Sheet Exposures
OD - Overdraft
OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development
ODI - Offshore Derivative Instruments
OLTAS - Online Tax Accounting System
OMO - Open Market Operation
OMS - Open Market Sales
OPEC - Organisation for Petroleum Exporting
Countries
ORFS - Online Returns Filing System
OSMOS - Off-Site Monitoring and Surveillance
OTC - Over-the-Counter
OTS - One-Time Settlement
PACS - Primary Agricultural Credit Socity
PAD - Public Accounts Department
PAN - Permanent Account Number
PCA - Prompt Corrective Action
PCPS - Perpetual Cumulative Preference
Shares
PDs - Primary Dealers
PDI - Perpetual Debt Instruments
PDO - Public Debt Office
PDO-NDS - Public Debt Office - Negotiated Dealing
System
PDS - Public Distribution System
PE - Private Equity
PFCE - Private Final Consumption Expenditure
PFRDA - Pension Fund Regulatory and
Development Authority
PGPBF - Post Graduate Programme in Banking &
Finance
PIT - Personal Income Tax
PMEGP - Prime Minister Employment Generation
Programme
PMLA - Prevention of Money Laundering Act
PMRY - Prime Minister’s Rojgar Yojana
PNCPs - Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preference
Shares
POL - Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants
PPP - Public Private Partnership
PSBs - Public Sector Banks
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xxi
PSS Act - Payment & Settlement Systems Act
PSUs - Public Sector Undertakings
QCBS - Quality and Cost Based Selection
QIB - Qualified Institutional Buyer
QIP - Qualified Institutional Placement
QMS - Quality Management System
R&D - Research & Development
RBIA - Risk Based Internal Audit
RBSC - Reserve Bank Staff College
RCs - Reconstruction Companies
RCC - Regional Complaints Committee
RCS - Registar of Co-operative Societies
RE - Revised Estimates
REER - Real Effective Exchange Rate
REGP - Rural Employment Generation Programme
RIDF - Rural Infrastructure Development Fund
RKVY - Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
RNCPS - Redeemable Non-Cumulative
Preference Shares
RoA - Return on Assets
ROE - Return on Equity
ROSC - Report on Observance of Standards
and Codes
RPCD - Rural Planning and Credit Department
RRBs - Regional Rural Banks
RTGS - Real Time Gross Settlement
RTI - Right to Information
RTP - Reserve Tranche Position
SAARC - South Asian Association for Regional
Co-operation
SACPs - Special Agricultural Credit Plans
SAD - Single Administrative Document
SDDS - Special Data Dissemination Standards
SAMIS - Service Area Monitoring and Information
System
SAP - State Agricultural Plan
SARFAESI - Securitisation and Reconstruction of
Financial Assets and Enforcement of
Security Interest
SBI - State Bank of India
SC - Scheduled Caste
SCs - Securitisation Companies
SCB - Scheduled Commercial Bank
SDLs - State Development Loans
SDR - Special Drawing Rights
SEBI - Securities and Exchange Board of India
SEZs - Special Economic Zones
SFCs - State Finance Corporations
SFMS - Structured Financial Messaging System
SFURTI - Scheme for Fund for Regeneration of
Traditional Industries
SGL - Subsidiary General Ledger
SHGs - Self-Help Groups
SIDBI - Small Industries Development Bank of
India
SIFI - Systemically Important Financial
Intermediaries
SIPS - Systemically Important Payment System
SITP - Scheme for Integrated Textile Parks
SIVs - Structured Investment Vehicles
SLAF - Second Liquidity Adjustment Facility
SLA(IC) - Sundry Liabilities Account (Interest
Capitalisation)
SLB - Securities Lending and Borrowing
SLBC - State Level Bankers’ Committee
SLR - Statutory Liquidity Ratio
SMEs - Small and Medium Enterprises
SMO - Special Market Operations
SPMCIL - Security Printing and Minting
Corporation of India Ltd.
SPV - Special Purpose Vehicle
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xxii
SREP - Supervisory Review and Evaluation
Process
SRMS - Self Employment Scheme for
Rehabilitation of Manual Scavangers
SSS - Securities Settlement System
ST - Scheduled Tribe
StCB - State Co-operative Bank
STCRC - Short-Term Co-operative Rural Credit
STOs - State Treasury Offices
STR - Suspicious Transaction Report
STRIPS - Separate Trading for Registered Interest
and Principal of Securities
TAC - Technical Advisory Committee
TAFCUBs - Task Force for Urban Co-operative
Banks
TAG - Technical Advisory Group
TALF - Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan
Facility
TFC - Twelfth Finance Commission
TFCI - Tourism Finance Corporation of India
TFP - Total Factor Productivity
TFTS - Trade for Trade Settlement
TIN - Tax Information Network
TMSM - Training Methods and Skills for
Managers
TMT - Thermo Mechanically Treated
ToRs - Terms of References
TS - Trend Stationary
TUFS - Technology Upgraded Fund Scheme
UBD - Urban Banks Department
UCBs - Urban Cooperative Banks
UCNs - Uniform Code Numbers
UNDP - United Nations Developement
Programme
UNICO - Umbrella Organisation for Large
Cooperative Banks in Europe
UNDP - United Nations Development
Programme
UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development
Organisation
UNME - Urban Non-Manual Employees
UTs - Union Territories
VAR - Vector Autoregression
VaR - Value at Risk
VKGUY - Vishesh Krishi Gram Udyog Yojana
VPN - Virtual Private Network
WADR - Weighted Average Discount Rate
WEO - World Economic Outlook
WMA - Ways and Means Advances
WPI - Wholesale Price Index
WSS - Weekly Statistical Supplement
WTO - World Trade Organisation
XBRL - eXtensible Business Reporting
Language
XML - Extensible Markup Language
Y-o-Y - Year-on-Year
ZTC - Zonal Training Centre

Interview Questions::

2011-08-31T00:03:00.000+05:30

Common Interview Questions for Banking::

What is a bank?

A bank is a financial institution whose primary activity is to act as a payment agent for customers and to borrow and lend money. It is an institution for receiving, keeping, and lending money

What is the activity of Banks?

Banks act as payment agents by conducting checking or current accounts for customers, paying cheques drawn by customers on the bank, and collecting cheques deposited to customers' current accounts. Banks also enable customer payments via other payment methods such as telegraphic transfer, EFTPOS, and ATM.

Banks borrow money by accepting funds deposited on current account, accepting term deposits and by issuing debt securities such as banknotes and bonds. Banks lend money by making advances to customers on current account, by making installment loans, and by investing in marketable debt securities and other forms of money lending.

Banks provide almost all payment services, and a bank account is considered indispensable by most businesses, individuals and governments. Non-banks that provide payment services such as remittance companies are not normally considered an adequate substitute for having a bank account.

Banks borrow most funds from households and non-financial businesses, and lend most funds to households and non-financial businesses, but non-bank lenders provide a significant and in many cases adequate substitute for bank loans, and money market funds, cash management trusts and other non-bank financial institutions in many cases provide an adequate substitute to banks for lending savings to.

What is Banking Business?

“Banking Business” means the business of receiving money on current or deposit account, paying and collecting cheques drawn by or paid in by customers, the making of advances to customers, and includes such other business as the Authority may prescribe for the purposes of this Act.

What is Accounting for Bank Accounts?

Bank statements are accounting records produced by banks under the various accounting standards of the world. Under GAAP and IFRS there are two kinds of accounts: debit and credit. Credit accounts are Revenue, Equity and Liabilities. Debit Accounts are Assets and Expenses. This means you credit credit accounts to increase their balances and you debit debit accounts to increase their balances.

This also means you debit your savings account every time you deposit money into it (and the account is normally in deficit) and you credit your credit card account every time you spend money from it (and the account is normally in credit).

However, if you read your bank statement, it will say the opposite- that you have credited your account when you deposit money, and you debit when you withdraw it. If you have cash in your account you have a positive or credit balance and if you are overdrawn it will say you have a negative or a deficit balance.

The reason for this is because the bank, and not you, has produced the bank statement. Your savings might be your assets, but it is the bank's liability, so your savings account is a liability account which is a credit account and should have a positive credit balance. Your loans are your liabilities but the bank's assets so they are debit accounts which should have a negative balance.

Below where bank transactions, balances, credits and debits are discussed, they are done so from the viewpoint of the account holder which is traditionally what most people are used to seeing.

\What is SLR?

Every bank is required to maintain at the close of business every day, a minimum proportion of their Net Demand and Time Liabilities as liquid assets in the form of cash, gold and un-encumbered approved securities. The ratio of liquid assets to demand and time liabilities is known as Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR). Present SLR is 24%. (reduced w.e.f. 8/11/208, from earlier 25%) RBI is empowered to increase this ratio up to 40%. An increase in SLR also restrict the bank’s leverage position to pump more money into the economy.

Whatis SLR ? (For Non Bankers)
SLR stands for Statutory Liquidity Ratio. This term is used by bankers and indicates the minimum percentage of deposits that the bank has to maintain in form of gold, cash or other approved securities. Thus, we can say that it is ratio of cash and some other approved to liabilities (deposits) It regulates the credit growth in India.

What are Repo rate and Reverse Repo rate?

Repo (Repurchase) rate is the rate at which the RBI lends shot-term money to the banks. When the repo rate increases borrowing from RBI becomes more expensive. Therefore, we can say that in case, RBI wants to make it more expensive for the banks to borrow money, it increases the repo rate; similarly, if it wants to make it cheaper for banks to borrow money, it reduces the repo rate

What are Repo rate and Reverse Repo rate?

Repo (Repurchase) rate is the rate at which the RBI lends shot-term money to the banks. When the repo

rate increases borrowing from RBI becomes more expensive. Therefore, we can say that in case, RBI wants to make it more expensive for the banks to borrow money, it increases the repo rate; similarly, if it wants to make it cheaper for banks to borrow money, it reduces the repo rate

Thus, we can conclude that Repo Rate signifies the rate at which liquidity is injected in the banking system by RBI, whereas Reverse repo rate signifies the rate at which the central bank absorbs liquidity from the banks.

What is the difference between Bank Rate and Repo Rate?
Bank Rate vs Repo Rate

Bank Rate is the rate at which RBI allows finance to commercial banks in India. There are difference types of refinance that can be availed by banks and these are linked to Bank Rate. Thus, banks can borrow at this rate only to the extent of their eligibility for refinance.

On the other hand, Repo is a money market instrument, which enables collateralised short term borrowing and lending through sale/purchase operations in debt instruments. Under a repo transaction, a holder of securities sells them to an investor with an agreement to repurchase at a predetermined date and rate. In the

case of a repo, the forward clean price of the bonds is set in advance at a level which is different from the spot clean price by adjusting the difference between repo interest and coupon earned on the security. In the money market, this transaction is nothing but collateralised lending as the terms of the transaction are structured to compensate for the funds lent and the cost of the transaction is the repo rate. Thus, a bank can borrow under repo provided he has the extra securities which it can lend temporarily to RBI for borrowing short term funds.

What is relation between Inflation and Bank interest Rates?

Now a days, you might have heard lot of these terms and usage on inflation and the bank interest rates. Bank interest rate depends on many other factors, out of that the major one is inflation. Whenever you see an increase on inflation, there will be an increase of interest rate also

What are the commercial roles of the Banks ?

However the commercial role of banks is wider than banking, and includes:

However the commercial role of banks is wider than banking, and includes:
issue of banknotes (promissory notes issued by a banker and payable to bearer on demand)
processing of payments by way of telegraphic transfer, EFTPOS, internet banking or other means
issuing bank drafts and bank cheques
accepting money on term deposit
lending money by way of overdraft, installment loan or otherwise
providing documentary and standby letters of credit (trade finance), guarantees, performance bonds, securities underwriting commitments and other forms of off balance sheet exposures
safekeeping of documents and other items in safe deposit boxes
currency exchange
sale, distribution or brokerage, with or without advice, of insurance, unit trusts and similar financial products as a 'financial supermarket'

What are the Economic functions of Banks?

The economic functions of banks include:

1. issue of money, in the form of banknotes and current accounts subject to cheque or payment at the customer's order. These claims on banks can act as money because they are negotiable and/or repayable on demand, and hence valued at par and effectively transferable by mere delivery in the case of banknotes, or by drawing a cheque, delivering it to the payee to bank or cash.

2. netting and settlement of payments -- banks act both as collection agent and paying agents for customers, and participate in inter-bank clearing and settlement systems to collect, present, be presented with, and pay payment instruments. This enables banks to economise on reserves held for settlement of payments, since inward and outward payments offset each other. It also enables payment flows between geographical areas to offset, reducing the cost of settling payments between geographical areas.

3. credit intermediation -- banks borrow and lend back-to-back on their own account as middle men

4. credit quality improvement -- banks lend money to ordinary commercial and personal borrowers (ordinary credit quality), but are high quality borrowers. The improvement comes from diversification of the bank's assets and the bank's own capital which provides a buffer to absorb losses without defaulting on its own obligations. However, since banknotes and deposits are generally unsecured, if the bank gets into difficulty and pledges assets as security to try to get the funding it needs to continue to operate, this puts the note holders and depositors in an economically subordinated position.

5. maturity transformation -- banks borrow more on demand debt and short term debt, but provide more long term loans. In other words; banks borrow short and lend long. Bank can do this because they can aggregate issues (e.g. accepting deposits and issuing banknotes) and redemptions (e.g. withdrawals and redemptions of banknotes), maintain reserves of cash, invest in marketable securities that can be readily converted to cash if needed, and raise replacement funding as needed from various sources (e.g. wholesale cash markets and securities markets) because they have a high and more well known credit quality than most other borrowers.

What are the different channels of Banking you use in your daily life ?

Banks offer many different channels to access their banking and other services:

A branch, banking centre or financial centre is a retail location where a bank or financial institution offers a wide array of face-to-face service to its customers.
ATM is a computerized telecommunications device that provides a financial institution's customers a method of financial transactions in a public space without the need for a human clerk or bank teller. Most banks now have more ATMs than branches, and ATMs are providing a wider range of services to a wider range of users. For example in Hong Kong, most ATMs enable anyone to deposit cash to any customer of the bank's account by feeding in the notes and entering the account number to be credited. Also, most ATMs enable card holders from other banks to get their account balance and withdraw cash, even if the card is issued by a foreign bank.
Mail is part of the postal system which itself is a system wherein written documents typically enclosed in envelopes, and also small packages containing other matter, are delivered to destinations around the world. This can be used to deposit cheques and to send orders to the bank to pay money to third parties. Banks also normally use mail to deliver periodic account statements to customers.
Telephone banking is a service provided by a financial institution which allows its customers to perform transactions over the telephone. This normally includes bill payments for bills from major billers (e.g. for electricity).
Online banking is a term used for performing transactions, payments etc. over the Internet through a bank, credit union or building society's secure website.

How many type of banks there are ?

Banks' activities can be divided into retail banking, dealing directly with individuals and small businesses; business banking, providing services to mid-market business; corporate banking, directed at large business entities; private banking, providing wealth management services to high net worth individuals and families; and investment banking, relating to activities on the financial markets. Most banks are profit-making, private enterprises. However, some are owned by government, or are non-profits.

Central banks are normally government owned banks, often charged with quasi-regulatory responsibilities, e.g. supervising commercial banks, or controlling the cash interest rate. They generally provide liquidity to the banking system and act as the lender of last resort in event of a crisis.

Type of Retail Banks

Commercial bank: the term used for a normal bank to distinguish it from an investment bank. After the Great Depression, the U.S. Congress required that banks only engage in banking activities, whereas investment banks were limited to capital market activities. Since the two no longer have to be under separate ownership, some use the term "commercial bank" to refer to a bank or a division of a bank that mostly deals with deposits and loans from corporations or large businesses.
Community Banks: locally operated financial institutions that empower employees to make local decisions to serve their customers and the partners
Community development banks: regulated banks that provide financial services and credit to under-served markets or populations.
Postal savings banks: savings banks associated with national postal systems.
Private banks: manage the assets of high net worth individuals.
Offshore banks: banks located in jurisdictions with low taxation and regulation. Many offshore banks are essentially private banks.
Savings bank: in Europe, savings banks take their roots in the 19th or sometimes even 18th century. Their original objective was to provide easily accessible savings products to all strata of the population. In some countries, savings banks were created on public initiative, while in others socially committed individuals created foundations to put in place the necessary infrastructure. Nowadays, European savings banks have kept their focus on retail banking: payments, savings products, credits and insurances for individuals or small and medium-sized enterprises. Apart from this retail focus, they also differ from commercial banks by their broadly decentralised distribution network, providing local and regional outreach and by their socially responsible approach to business and society.
Building societies and Landesbanks: conduct retail banking.
Ethical banks: banks that prioritize the transparency of all operations and make only what they consider to be socially-responsible investments.
Islamic banks: Banks that transact according to Islamic principles.

Types of investment banks

Investment banks "underwrite" (guarantee the sale of) stock and bond issues, trade for their own accounts, make markets, and advise corporations on capital markets activities such as mergers and acquisitions.
Merchant banks were traditionally banks which engaged in trade finance. The modern definition, however, refers to banks which provide capital to firms in the form of shares rather than loans. Unlike venture capital firms, they tend not to invest in new companies.

What is Bank Crisis?

Banks are susceptible to many forms of risk which have triggered occasional systemic crises. Risks include liquidity risk (the risk that many depositors will request withdrawals beyond available funds), credit risk (the risk that those who owe money to the bank will not repay), and interest rate risk (the risk that the bank will become unprofitable if rising interest rates force it to pay relatively more on its deposits than it receives on its loans), among others.

Banking crises have developed many times throughout history when one or more risks materialize for a banking sector as a whole. Prominent examples include the U.S. Savings and Loan crisis in 1980s and early 1990s [10] the Japanese banking crisis during the 1990s, the bank run that occurred during the Great Depression, and the recent liquidation by the central Bank of Nigeria, where about 25 banks were liquidated.[citation needed]

Numerous banks have suffered as a result of the Sub prime mortgage crisis, which has occurred on a global scale, affecting investment banks such as Lehman Brothers in the USA and retail banks such as Northern Rock in the UK. In January 2009, several major UK banks such as Lloyds TSB and Barclays Bank, suffered severe falls in their London stock exchange share prices as a result of a drop in investor confidence of the true asset values of those banks.

Q1. Tell me about yourself or How would you describe yourself?
Answer: Almost every interview starts with this question. The idea behind this is to break the ice and get the ball rolling. There is no right or wrong answer to this question. The interviewee's presentation style and communication skills are tested through this question.
Most often, interviewees end up telling their family details, educational qualifications and percentages, hobbies et al. as an answer to this question. To stand apart, interviewees ought to refrain from the above and come up with something different like what is it that differentiates their personality, what is that they value and what do they bring to the table?

There is no doubt that the answer to this question makes a first impression on the interviewer, hence the extent to which it is customized and is unique makes all the difference.

Variants of the same question are: How do you think a friend or a professor who knows you well would describe you? If I asked the people who know you well to describe you, what three words would they use?

Q2. What do you consider to be your greatest strengths/weaknesses?
What are your negatives?

Answer: This is a question that one must have encountered at an interview or at some point of the selection process. Most of the times, the interviewee is very uncomfortable expressing his/her greatest weaknesses. The idea of an interviewer behind asking such a question is not to select or reject based upon the strengths and weaknesses shared.

The way of going about answering this question can be suggested as:

Greatest strengths: The interviewee must take care that (s)he is modest enough while expressing the strengths. The strengths portrayed are advised not be extraordinary but more than the normal. The interviewee must spend sometime before the interview analyzing his/her strengths and a reasoning behind considering the ones so.

Greatest weaknesses: The interviewee must not hesitate sharing his/her weaknesses and never say that (s)he has none. (S)he must remember that the very fact that (s)he is aware of his/her weaknesses and readily accept the same, works to the advantage. Again, the weaknesses portrayed must not be abnormal, though unique but certainly not the ones which are common. The reasoning behind considering something to be weakness must be convincing enough for the interviewer.

While strengths are to be emphasized, one should not be overly negative about weaknesses. It is always safer to identify a lack of a skill as an area of improvement rather than a shortcoming. It is advisable to present at least three strong points and relate them to the company, and the job one is getting interviewed for. A common mistake that interviewees do is to use the third person like 'they', 'others' while answering this question. On the other hand, first person like 'I',' myself' must be used.

Variants of the same question are: If I spoke with your previous boss, what would he say are your greatest strengths and weaknesses?

Q3. What are your interests? hobbies? What do you like to do in your leisure time?
Answer: The idea behind asking this question is to find whether there is a balance in the interviewee's life. The interviewee ought to understand that this is a very friendly way of exploring in depth into one's personality. (S)he must put an effort in expressing his/her personality characteristics thorough hobbies. One should never come up with an hobby which one is not passionate about though it might look good on the resume. Usually, academic/technical interests are not to be interpreted as areas of interest or hobbies. Again it is advisable to present two or three hobbies; be confident and have sufficient knowledge behind one's areas of interest.

A word of caution: In case the interviewer is asking too many questions related to your hobbies, the interviewee might assume that a chat is on and the reason behind asking the questions is passing away the stipulated or planned time set for the interviewees. This however may not be necessarily true and exceptions need to be kept in mind before drawing any conclusion

Variants of the same question are: What are your outside interests? What do you do with your free time? What type of books do you read? How interested are you in sports? How did you spend your vacation in school? What have you learned from participation in extracurricular activities? What was the last book you read? movie you saw? sporting event you attended? Of the hobbies and interests listed on your resume, what is your favorite and tell me why?

CWE-Clerical Cadre

2011-08-24T00:01:00.005+05:30

Common Written Examination (CWE) will be conducted on 27/11/2011 by the IBPS for the selection of personnel for Clerical Cadre posts in the following 19 Public Sector Banks.

Allahabad Banks / Andhra Bank/ Bank of Baroda/ Bank of India/ Bank of Maharashtra/ Canara Bank/ Central Bank of India/ Corporation Bank/ Dena Bank/ Indian Bank/ Indian Overseas Bank/ Oriental Bank of Commerce/ Punjab National Bank/ Punjab & Sind Bank/ Syndicate Bank/ Union Bank of India/ United Bank of India/ UCO Bank/ Vijaya Bank Clerical posts :

Age : 18-28 years as on 01/08/2011, age relaxation as per rules for SC/ST/OBC/ PWDs/ Ex.-SM

Qualification : 60% marks in Matriculate/ SSC/ SSLC/ 10th standard (passing marks for SC/ ST/ OBC/ PWD/ ExSM) OR 50% marks in HSC / 11th of 10+1+3 pattern (passing marks for SC/ ST/ OBC/ PWD/ ExSM) OR Graduate in any discipline from recognised university.

Application Fee : Rs.350/- (Rs.50/- for SC/ST/PWD candidates) can be paid online at the time of filling the application form online through Online Payment Gateways of the Banks/ Credit Card OR through NEFT OR to be deposited in CBS branches of 6 bank out of 19 bank (for fee details please see detailed advertisement carefully before payment) . Keep the details/receipts of the fee submission safely as it is to be shown at the time of written test.

How to Apply for CWE : Candidates need to apply Online at IBS website from 25/08/2011 to 24/09/2011 only.

Important Dates :

1. Payment of Application Fees : 24/08/2011 to 23/09/2011

2. Start date of Online submission of Application : 25/08/2011

3. Last date for online submission of Application : 24/09/2011

4. Date of CWE Exam for Clerks : 27/11/2011

Paper Pattern:

Please visit http://www.ibps.in/html/common.htmfor all the details available and to submit the application online from 25/08/2011 onwards.

All India Common Entrance Exam for 19 Public Sector Banks in India

2011-08-13T21:31:00.009+05:30

Today Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS) has issued notification for the First All India Banks Common Entrance Exam 2011.The Date of First Common Written Exam (CWE) has been tentatively fixed at 18th September 2011.
The First CWE is conducted for the post of Probationary Officers and Management Trainees.The CWE will be conducted twice a year.

List of Participating Banks in the All India First Common Written Exam for Banks:

Allahabad Bank	Indian Overseas Bank
Andhra Bank	Oriental Bank of Commerce
Bank of Baroda	Punjab National Bank
Bank of India	Punjab & Sind Bank
Bank of Maharashtra	Syndicate Bank
Canara Bank	Union Bank of India
Central Bank of India	United Bank of India
Corporation Bank	UCO Bank
Dena Bank	Vijaya Bank
Indian Bank

Eligibility Conditions (As on 01.07.2011): The Eligibility Criteria specified below is the criteria for CWE only.Candidates must take note of it that merely fulfilling the CWE Criteria is not enough.Each bank has its own Eligibility criteria and and must be checked by the candidates before responding to a particular Banks Recruitment

Before Applying for the Bank Common Entrance Test 2011 candidates must ensue that they fulfill the following Eligibility criteria:

Nationality:A candidate must be a
Citizen of India
A Subject of Nepal
A Subject of Bhutan

For Complete Details on Nationality Candidates can check the Complete Advertisement at the End of this article

Age-Limit: Min -20 years and Max-30 years (Age Relaxation as per Rules)

Educational Qualifications: A graduate degree in any discipline from any recognized University of India or Equivalent Qualification

Exam Pattern of Common Bank Entrance Exam 2011:

The Selection Procedure For Common Entrance Test Shall Consists of a written test and Interview.The Written exam will be both Objective as well as descriptive in Nature

Exam Pattern of Common Bank Entrance Exam 2011:

The Selection Procedure For Common Entrance Test Shall Consists of a written test and Interview.The Written exam will be both Objective as well as descriptive in Nature

Objective Test:The Objective test for Bank Common Entrance test 2011 shall consists of 225 Question carrying 225 marks with a duration of 150 minutes.The Details of Objective Exam is given Below:

Objective Test	Number of Questions	Total Marks
Reasoning	50	50
English Language	25	25
Quantitative Aptitude	50	50
General Awareness (With special reference to Banking Industry)	50	50
Computer Knowledge	50	50

Descriptive test:The descriptive is the Test of English Language and shall consist of "Essay Writing,Precis and Letter Writing".The Duration of descriptive test is 1 hour and carry 25 marks.

Negative Marks: There will be penalty of (0.25 marks) for every wrong answer marked.If for any question, candidate has marked two answers they it will be treated as Wrong answer.But if any of the one answer happens to be right then a penalty of (0.25 marks) will be given.

Calculation of Marks and CWE Scorecard:

Standardized Scores:The corrected scores obtained by each of the candidates will further be converted into standardized scores following Linear Conversion Method.

Cut Off Marks: Candidates will have to secure minimum Qualifying marks in each of the objective tests individually.The cut-off points will be decided based on the national average

CWE Scorecard:IBPS will issue score cards after the CWE Results were declared and the same will be delivered to candidates through registered Posts at their Address

The Score Card issued by IBPS will be valid for a duration of 1 year.

Score Card is mandatory for the Recruitment in the Banks mentioned above.

To improve their Score candidates can appear for Subsequent Common Written Exams.

FOR MORE INFORMATION:

Institute of Banking Personnel Selection, IBPS House, 90 feet, D.P.Road

Near Thakur Polytechnic, Off. Western Express Highway, P. B. No. 8587, Kandivali (E), Mumbai - 400 101, India

Phone Number: 91-22-2854 3275

Fax: 91-22-2854 2073 / 76

Website URL: http://www.ibps.in