ENGLISH

2010-09-14T12:21:00.000-05:00

Technology moves fast

Sometimes I feel like the technology space moves slowly. Cool new devices appear every few months, but I want neat new things every day! When I feel like this, it's tough to remember that technology moves quite quickly compared to most industries. I was recently at a book sale and picked up a techno-thriller from 1996 called Back Slash. As pulpy books go, it wasn't half bad. Until I arrived at this passage about twenty pages into the book:

Cita:

To the right of the desk, in an oak cabinet custom-built by Crane, were three midtower computer cases. Each housed a Pentium-based computer system capable of 166 MHz processor speed. Each had 128 megabytes of Random Access Memory (RAM) and a 1.6-gigabyte hard drive. The video card of each held two megabytes of memory, and he could channel the output from the three machines to either of his two monitors. He could also link them in parallel for greater computer power. Twenty thousand bucks, right there. ....

Directly above the desk, the shelves held a variety of easily accessible accessories: a 5-1/4-inch floppy-disk drive-in case he ever needed it, two 3-1/2-inch disk drives, two one-gigabyte tape-backup drives, three multidisc CD-ROM players, two 28.8-kilobytes-per-second fax modems, and on one shelf, ten 4.3-gigabyte hard-disk drives.

Crane figured he could store much of the Pentagon's data here if he wanted to have their crap on hand.

I had to put the book down and leave it. The description of a "cutting edge system" was so jarring that I could no longer suspend my disbelief. A videocard with two megabytes of memory? Geez. It makes 1996 feel like this:

[Image CC-licensed by Steve Jurvetson.]

It makes me want to rev up my grumpy-old-man voice:

"Back in my day, we had 300 baud modems and we were grateful! Sometimes you'd type too fast and you'd have to wait for the modem to catch up."

"You know, in our high school typing class we had to use mechanical typewriters. No joke."

"We had to type programs into our Commodore 64 from magazines. And in those days, the magazines didn't even have checksums!"

What old timey technology story would you tell?

something about english

2010-09-14T11:06:00.000-05:00

English is a language of extraordinary wealth of languages, which owes its origins to the diversity of influences that has assimilated.

Throughout history, the English language has adopted words from other languages, notably the Anglo-Saxon, but also from Latin, Old Norse and French and even other languages such as Greek, Spanish, etc.

In the V century, invading Angles and Saxons colonized the islands. 'Old Español "is the term used to refer to the language spoken in this period, brought to Britain by Germanic tribes of Angles and Saxons. These contributed to the language most commonly used words, but also adopted terms used by the Celts who lived in the islands.

The monks who come to the islands from Rome to the late sixth century left their mark on the language with a set of words related to education, culture and religion (minister, school ...)

In 1066, the Normans led by William the Conqueror colonize the islands. The Frenchman goes on to become the dominant language at the expense of other dialects. It is in the fourteenth century when the real power is consolidated and is fixed as the capital of London. Many of the current English words related to forms of government (court, Government ...) or the kitchen (Brais, mutton ...) come from French.

The consolidation of the monarchy facilitates the unification of language and as a result of the fusion of Norman and the various English dialects born modern Germanic language in their roots but also with an important contribution Latino. During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries the Renaissance brings a new interest in art and culture and language are incorporated into many terms from Latin and Greek.

English is a living language and has continued to evolve to this day. New terms are constantly entering the language. The technological revolution, scientific progress and the requirement of new words make the Latin and Greek remain valid as a reference source. Migration flows and the mixing of cultures is also a contribution of new words to enrich the language growing.

final lessons

2010-09-07T11:06:00.000-05:00

LESSON NUMBER EIGTH:

LESSON NUMBER NINE:

LESSON NUMBER TEN:

LESSON NUMBER ELEVEN:

MORE LESSONS

2010-09-07T10:55:00.000-05:00

LESSON NUMBER FIVE:

LESSON NUMBER SIX:

LESSON NUMBER SEVEN:

2010-09-07T10:48:00.000-05:00

REMEMBER!:

THE TIME'S WORKSHOP IS TODAY 4:00 PM O CLOCK

learning english with misterduncan

2010-08-31T11:42:00.001-05:00

LESSON ONE:

LESSON TWO:

LESSON THREE:

LESSON FOUR:

wh questions

2010-08-31T11:20:00.001-05:00

these are:

What ? - ¿Qué? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuáles? How often ? - ¿Con qué frecuencia?

What else? - ¿Qué más? How long ? - ¿Cuánto tiempo? ¿Qué longitud?

Which ? - ¿Qué? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuáles? How long ago? - ¿Hace cuánto tiempo?

How ? - ¿Cómo? ¿Cuán? How old ? - ¿Qué edad? ¿Cuán viejo?

How else ? - ¿De qué otra manera? How soon ? - ¿Cuán pronto?

When ? - ¿Cuándo? How big ? - ¿Qué tamaño? ¿Cuán grande?

Where ? - ¿Dónde? ¿Adónde? How far ? - ¿A qué distancia? ¿Cuán lejos?

Where else ? - ¿Dónde más? How tall ? - ¿Qué estatura? ¿Cuán alto?

Why ? - ¿Por qué? ¿Para qué? How deep ? - ¿Qué profundidad?

Who ? - ¿Quién? ¿Quienes? How early ? - ¿Cuán temprano?

Who else? - ¿Quién más? How late ? - ¿Cuán tarde?

Whom ? - ¿A quién? ¿A quiénes? How heavy ? - ¿Qué peso? ¿Cuán pesado?

Whose ? - ¿De quién? ¿De quiénes? How thick ? - ¿Qué espesor? ¿Cuán grueso?

How much ? - ¿Cuánto/a? What time ? - ¿Qué hora? ¿A qué hora?

How many ? - ¿Cuántos/as? What kind ? - ¿Qué clase ? ¿Qué tipo?

workshop

2010-08-09T23:17:00.001-05:00

A) Read the following statements and the texts,and them mark each statement true(T) or false(F)

1. everyone think the same about sport

2. Many English people do not like sport

3. everyone agrees sport is important

4. now more people are participating in sport

5. new sport are being created

6. the future of sport looks bad

7.some educators criticize sporting events

8.everyone can enjoy sport

9.politics has never been a part of sport

10. politics is not a danger to sport

SPORT AND POLITICS

Everyone has adifferent idea of sport. Many English people think it is good

Because it teaches people to work together in team. Many Americans like it

Because it helps people to forget their problems. But no matter what nations think

About sport, they all agree it is important .there are now many organization

5 which are promoting sport both nationally and internationally .more young and old

People are no longer spectators but participants in sport.every year new sports

Are being created,and foreign sports are being imported; such as American

Football in Europe ,and soccer in the U.S.A

So,the future of sport looks very good.but for the first time we are hearing

10complaints about it. The reason for this Is politics.is kicking a ball around good

Exercise or is it a way of proving one country or political system Is better than

Another? there are some educators who dislike sporting events because they

Make children compete against one another.this competition at an international

Level can cause bad feeling between countries. Sport writers, seeing flags and

15listening to national anthems at sporting events, are asking if sport is about

Playing games or politics.

Sport Is important and fun because everyone can enjoy it in his or her own way:

Watching, organizing or playing. To one person, soccer is going to the stadium

Every week: to another, it is managing a team, and to yet another it is scoring

20 goals. That Is why spot is wonderful; it has so many different aspects. While we

Are reading and thinking about it, other people are enjoying it. Of course,

Extremes are bad. But there Is nothing bad in wanting our country to win. We are

Not being unsportsmanlike. The recent objection to politics in organized sport

Are artificial. Politics has always been a part of sport, as it is a part of other

Activities. Politics is a danger to sport only when it stops ordinary people enjoying

25 it in their own way

B) Read the following, choose the correct answer (a,b or c)and put a circle around it.

1.many English people think sport is good because..

a.it is useful

b.it is fun

c.it is cheap

2.soccer is

a.new to Europe

b.new to the U.S.A

c.new to the English

3.some educators dislike sport because…

a.it makes people together

b.is stops children co-operating with each other

c.it stops children competing against each other

4.sport is wonderful because…

a.it is diverse

b.all games are the same

c.people are different

5.politics has…

a.never been a part of organized sport

b.no relation to organized sport

c.always been a aspects of organized sport

C) REFERENCE

1.”it”in line I refers to

a.idea

b.many English people

c.sport

2.”they”in line a refers to

a.nations

b.organizations

c.many Americans

3.”this”in line 10 refers to

a.politics

b.hearing complaints

c.the reason

4.”it”in line 11 refers to

a.politics

b.reating complaints

c.the reason

5.”it2in line 17 refers to

a.sport

b.their own way

c.politics

VOCABULARY

D)read the following pairs of words ans decide if the words in each pair have the same or opposite meanings.

1.like dislike__________

2.good bad____________

3.young old_____________

4.causes makes__________

5.organizing managing__________

E) read the text again ,and find seven words or phrases related to the word 2nations”.

F) understanding

Read the following two statements and mark them true or false

1.the writer thinks sport is for everyone

2.the writer thinks politics is not a part of organized sport

III.CHOOSING

A)read the following sentences and fill in the missing words or phrases

1.everyone____________a different idea of sport

2.many Americans like it _____________it helps people to forget their problems

3.every years new sports_____________ being created

4.so,the future of sport ______________very good

5._________________ a ball around good exercise?

6. there are some educators_______________ sporting events

7. sport writers are ________________ if sport is a game or politics

8. to one person sport is _____________to the stadium every week

9.we_______________being unsportsmanlike.

10.politics is a danger to sport only when it________________ ordinary people enjoying it in their own way

B)put the following words in the correct order, making five sentences.

1.nationally there many internationally promoting are sport now which organizations both and are

2. About complaints first we it hearing time for the are

3. Bad countries causes and competition feelings international this between an at level

4. Why is that wonderful I sport, aspects has different it many so

5. In artificial sport recent to objections the politics are

C) Read the following beginnings and endings; then make five sentences from them

1. More young and old people are

2. Sport is important and fun because

3. While we are thinking about it

4. Politics has always been a part of organized sport

5. Many English people think is good

1__________________a) everyone can enjoy it in his own way

2__________________b) it has so many different aspects

3__________________c) because is teaches people to work together in a team

4__________________d) which promote sport both nationally and internationally

5__________________e) as it is a part of other activities

6__________________f) no longer spectators but participants in sport

7__________________g) other people are enjoying it

should do the workshop in a word document and send it to the following email: yeniferrm@gmail.comhave until 12:00 pmgood luck!

"THE ENGLISH WORLD"...!!

crossword

2010-08-02T21:36:00.005-05:00

homewqho

DOWN

1.happy__________ to you !

2.rises and _______

3.without air can not _____

4.where cars go

5.feeling between two people of opposite sex

6.farm animal that lives in the mud

7.when something goes wrong is a _____

8.where you live

9.with what the fire is extinguished

10.what is going to heaven when you die

across

11.the color of blood is _____

12.nunca in english_______

13.day, month and year of your birth

14.coke is a______

15.very fine girl

16.who lives and rules the kingdom

17.country where they speak German

18.what a beautiful day lights

19.animal that eats cheese

20.second person of the verb to be

lesson "haven´t got- don´t have

2010-07-13T11:07:00.001-05:00

In this class we will review these structures that we saw in Lesson 8 for do not get it wrong. To consolidate your knowledge, read again what I said then and then reinforces your knowledge by making the translations I've put below. This gentlemen never ends, so, repeat and repeat until you record the information in your head just as if it were made with an inscription on a stone chisel.

Now try to translate (mentally) these phrases using the two formulas. Have not / hasn't got / Do / Does not have. Can you? Do you leave the answers without blinking? You know, if it costs too much to say these phrases in English, you must practice much, much more than you think it's enough. Repeat out loud a hundred times all the answers listed below with the approximate pronunciation guiding.

example:

• I have no money

• She has no common sense.
• Do not have sisters.
• They have no idea.
• I have no car.
• We have no opportunities.
• He has no job.
• You have no home.
• No luck.
• I have to go.
• No need to say.
• You do not have to come.
• She has no good intentions.
• No power.
• They have no food.
• We have no faith.

other lessoonnn:

*No tengo dinero
I haven't got (any)(1) money. [aihaven't gat (eni) mani]
I don't have (any)(1) money. [ai don'thav eni mani]

*Ella no tiene sentido común.
She hasn't got common sense. [shi hasn't gat komonséns]
She doesn't have common sense. [shi dasn'thav komonséns]

*No tienen hermanas.
They haven't got (any)(1) sisters. [deihaven't (eni) sisters]
They don't have (any)(1) sisters. [dei donthav (eni) sisters]

*No tienen ni idea.
They haven't got a clue. [deihaven't gat aclú]
They don't have a clue. [dei don'thav aclú]

*No tengo coche.
I haven't got a car. [ai haven'tgat akar]
I don't have a car. [ai don'thav akar]

*No tenemos oportunidades.
We haven't got opportunities. [güi haven'tgat oportúnitis]
We don't have opportunities. [güi don'thav oportúnitis]

*Él no tiene trabajo.
He hasn't got a job. [hi hasn'tgat achob]
He doesn't have a job.[hi dasn'thav achob]

*Tú no tienes casa.
You haven't got a house. [iu haven'tgat ahaus]
You don't have a house. [iu don'thav ahaus]

*No tienen suerte.
They have't got (any)(1) luck. [dei havn'tgat (eni) lack]
They don't have (any)(1) luck. [dei don't hav (eni) lack]

*No tengo que ir.
I don't have to go. [aidon't hav tugou]

*No tienen que decirlo
They don't have to say it. [dei dont'hav tuseiIt]

*Tú no tienes que venir.
You don't have to come. [iu don'thav tukam]

*Ella no tiene buenas intenciones.
She hasn't got good intentions.[shi hasn'tgat gudintenshions]
She doesn't have good intentions. [shi dasen'thav gudintenshions]

*No tiene potencia.
It hasn't got power.[Ithasn't gatpágüer]
It doesn't have power. [It dasn't havpágüer]

*No tienen comida.
They haven't got (any)(1) food. [deihaven't gat(eni) fud]
They don't have (any)(1) food.[dei don't hav(eni) fud]

*No tenemos fe.
We haven't got faith. [güi haven'tgat feiz]
We don't have faith.[dei donhav feiz]

2010-06-08T11:56:00.002-05:00

REMEMBER, THAT STUDENTS HAVE LEARNED 2 OR MORE NOTES FROM THE LEAVES BRING THE WORKSHOP .... BRING THAT IS IMPORTANT TO IMPROVE YOUR A BAD NOTES

"THE ENGLISH WORLD"...!!

HISTOY ABOUT THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2010-06-08T11:36:00.003-05:00

English is a West Germanic language that originated from the Anglo-Frisian and Old Saxon dialects brought to Britain by Germanic settlers and Roman auxiliary troops from various parts of what is now northwest Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands in the 5th century[citation needed]. Up to that point, in Roman Britain the native population is assumed to have spoken the Celtic language Brythonic alongside the acrolectal influence of Latin—the Roman influence having been extant for 400 years

One of these incoming Germanic tribes was the Angles,who Bede wrote moved entirely to Britian from their previous home. The names 'England' (from Engla land "Land of the Angles") and English (Old English Englisc) are derived from the name of this tribe—but Saxons, Jutes and a range of Germanic peoples from the coasts of Frisia, Lower Saxony, Jutland and Southern Sweden also moved to Britain in this era.

Initially, Old English was a diverse group of dialects, reflecting the varied origins of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of Great Britain but one of these dialects, Late West Saxon, eventually came to dominate, and it is in this that the famous epic poem Beowulf is written.

Old English was soon transformed by two waves of invasion. The first was by speakers of the North Germanic language branch when Halfdan Ragnarsson and Ivar the Boneless started the conquering and colonisation of northern parts of the British Isles in the 8th and 9th centuries (see Danelaw). The second was by speakers of the Romance language Old Norman in the 11th centuary with the Norman conquest of England. Norman developed into Anglo-Norman, and then Anglo-French - and introduced a layer of words especially via the courts and government. As well as extending the lexicon with Scandanavian and Norman words these two events also simplified the grammar and transformed English into a borrowing language—more than normally open to accept new words from other languages.

The linguistic shifts in English following the Norman invasion,produced what is now referred to as Middle English, with Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales being the best known work.

Throughout all this period Latin in some form was the lingua franca of European intellectual life, first the Medieval Latin of the Christian Church, but later the humanist Renaissance Latin, and those that wrote or copied texts in Latin commonly coined new terms from Latin to refer to things or concepts for which there was no existing native English word.

Modern English, that includes the works of William Shakespeare and the King James Bible, is generally dated from about 1550, and as a result of the growth of the British Empire it was adopted in North America, India, Africa, Australia and many other regions—a trend extended with the emergence of the United States as a superpower in the mid-twentieth century.

IMPORTANT NOTICE

2010-06-01T11:33:00.002-05:00

English test on the song ... please get the copy and memorize the letter

THE DATE OF THE EXAM ARE NOT CONFIRMED YET ... BUT ... WE MUST BE PREPARED FOR HIM.

class number 2 : song yesterday -beatles

2010-06-01T11:22:00.004-05:00

for the next examination, we learn the lyrics of the song: "yesterday"-beatles, you must take into account the grammar and how they are pronounced each word.

the end of the activity, you must perform the following exercises

good luck!

Yesterday,

All my troubles seemed so far away,

Now it looks as though they're here to stay

Oh I believe in yesterday

Suddenly,

I'm not half the man I used to be

There's a shadow hanging over me

Oh yesterday came suddenly

Why she had to go

I don't know, she wouldn't say

I said something wrong

now I'm long for yesterday

Yesterday,

Love was such an easy game to play

Now I need a place to hide away

Oh I believe in yesterday

Why she had to go

I don't know, she wouldn't say

I said something wrong

now I'm long for yesterday

Yesterday,

Love was such an easy game to play

Now I need a place to hide away

Oh I believe in yesterday

Now, do the following activity:

1. vocabulary with words you do not know its meaning (maximum 30 words found)

2. found the following grammatical classes:

-Verb

-Adjectives

-Prepositions

Constructed varieties of English

2010-05-18T11:14:00.003-05:00

*Inglés básico es la simplificación del uso internacional fácil. Los fabricantes y otras empresas internacionales tienden a escribir los manuales y comunicarse en Inglés Básico. Algunas escuelas de Inglés en Asia enseñarla como una apreciable selección de Inglés para el uso por los principiantes.

*E-Prime excluye las formas del verbo ser.

*Inglés reforma es un intento de mejorar colectivamente en el idioma Inglés.

*Código manual Inglés - una variedad de sistemas se han desarrollado para representar el idioma Inglés con señales de mano, diseñado principalmente para su uso en la educación de sordos. Estos no deben confundirse con las lenguas de signos como verdadero lenguaje de signos británico y lenguaje de señas americano utilizado en países de habla inglesa, que son independientes y no se basa en Inglés.

*Seaspeak y su correspondiente Airspeak y Policespeak, todos basados en un vocabulario restringido, fueron diseñadas por Edward Johnson en la década de 1980 para ayudar a la cooperación internacional y la comunicación en áreas específicas. También hay un tunnelspeak para su uso en el túnel del Canal.

*Inglés Especializado es una versión simplificada de Inglés utilizado por la Voz de América. Utiliza un vocabulario de sólo 1500 palabras.

por:
"EL MUNDO "...!! INGLÉS
:
jenifer ramirez
daniela londoño
garcia juandavid

English as a global language

2010-05-18T11:10:00.004-05:00

Porque es tan Inglés hablado, a menudo ha sido referido como un idioma mundial ", la lengua franca de la era.hile Inglés moderno no es una lengua oficial en la mayoría de países, es actualmente la lengua más frecuencia se les enseña como lengua extranjera el idioma en todo el mundo. Algunos lingüistas (por ejemplo, David Graddol) creen que ya no es de la exclusiva propiedad cultural de los "nativos Inglés", sino que es un lenguaje que está absorbiendo aspectos de las culturas en todo el mundo a medida que continúa creciendo.

Se trata, por un tratado internacional, el idioma oficial para communications.English aéreo y marítimo sea una lengua oficial de las Naciones Unidas y muchas otras organizaciones internacionales, incluido el Comité Olímpico Internacional.

Inglés es el idioma más estudiados como lengua extranjera en la Unión Europea (un 89% de los escolares), seguido del francés (32%), alemán (18%), español (8%) y Rusia, mientras que la percepción de la utilidad de las lenguas extranjeras entre los europeos es del 68% Inglés, Francés 25%, 22% alemán, y el 16% español. [56] Entre los países de la UE no habla Inglés, un gran porcentaje de la población afirma haber sido capaz de conversar en Inglés (nótese que los porcentajes son para la población adulta, de 15 años y mayores): en Suecia (85%), Dinamarca (83%), Países Bajos (79%), Luxemburgo (66%), Finlandia (60%), Eslovenia (56%), Austria (53%), Bélgica (52%) y Alemania (51%).

Libros, revistas y periódicos escritos en Inglés están disponibles en muchos países alrededor del mundo. Inglés es también la lengua más comúnmente utilizada en las ciencias. En 1997, el Science Citation Index informó que el 95% de sus artículos fueron escritos en Inglés, aunque sólo la mitad de ellos procedían de autores de los países de habla Inglés.

Debido a que el idioma Inglés se ha convertido en la lingua franca mundial nueva y ha tenido un gran impacto en otros idiomas, se ha dicho para tener una influencia en la sustitución de una lengua e incluso muerte de la lengua a otros idiomas, ya que "no son efectivamente se repercutan a la próxima generación "(Crystal, 2000). Por lo tanto, los lingüistas dieron origen al término "imperialismo del Idioma Inglés". Independientemente de algunos de sus efectos en otros idiomas, el idioma Inglés en sí mismo ha sido víctima de los cambios idiomáticos, especialmente durante la conquista normanda de Inglaterra. Incluso hoy en día, la lenguas inglesas en todo el mundo están constantemente influenciados por sus pares de la región. Por esta razón, el "idioma Inglés es para siempre en evolución".

"EL MUNDO EN INGLÉS"

por:
jenifer ramirez
daniel alondoño
garcia juandavid

OTHER PREPOSITIONS

2010-05-18T10:55:00.002-05:00

*FROM TO :

-WE LIVED IN CANADA FROM 1977 TO 1985
-I WORK FROM 9 O'CLOCK TO 5:30 EVERYDAY

you can also say FROM....UNTIL...:
-WE LIVED CANADA FROM 1977 UNTIL 1985

*UNTIL +the end of a period:

until friday until 1999 until 10.30 until come back
-THEY'RE GOING AWAY TOMORROW.THEY'LL BE AWAY NTIL FRIDAY
-IWENT TO BED EARLY LAST NIGHT BUT I WASN'T TIRED.I READ A BOOK UNTIL 3 A.M
-WAIT HERE UNLTIL I COME BACK

you can also say till(=until):
-WAIT HERE TILL I COME BACK

compare:
-' HOW LONG WILL YOU BE AWAY?' 'UNTIL(or till)MONDAY'
-'WHEN ARE YOU COMING BACK?' 'ON MONDAY'

"THE ENGLISH WORLD "

by:
jenifer ramirez
daniela londoño
juandavid garcia

PREPOSITIONS

2010-05-04T10:50:00.003-05:00

AT PREPOSITION:

time used before as:
1. Hours
2.the parts of the day

AT is also used before some specific expressions between them are:

-AT DAWN
-AT DAY BREAK
-AT SMILES
-AT NOON
-AT DUSK
-AT TWILIGHT
-AT SUNSET
-AT NIGHT
-AT MIDNIGHT

-----------//-----------

-AT FIRST
-AT LAST
-AT ONCE
-AT THE BEGUNNING
-AT THE END
-AT THE PRESENT
-AT TIMES
-AT THIS TIME
-AT THAT
-AT BEST
-AT ANDOMT

the AT prerosicion used to mean:

position:
we will meet at home
time :
Takes off the plane at seven
direction :
i throw the book at him
cause :
Laugh at this one no joke
price-speed-age etc ...:
At Ten Thousand ebooks
-The car travels at 85 km per hour
-He died at 25
state-business etc ...:
-That two country clubs are at war
-We Were When She Arrived at dinner

PREPOSITION IN:

used with the meaning and significance of:

1.place:
2.de (superlatives)
3.The before, for:
-Months
-Stations
-Parts of the day
4.After ... (in, en)
5. From (dress-clothes)
6. work areas
7.reacciones
8. important part of two-word verbs

"THE ENGLISH WORLD "

by:
jenifer ramirez
daniela londoño
juandavid garcia

PREPOSITIONS

2010-04-27T10:03:00.003-05:00

A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object of the preposition.

Understand how to form a prepositional phrase:

Prepositions generally introduce prepositional phrases. Prepositional phrases look like this:

preposition + optional modifiers + noun, pronoun, or gerund

Here are some examples:

At school

*At = preposition; school = noun.

According to us

*According to = preposition; us = pronoun.

By chewing

*By = preposition; chewing = gerund.

Under the stove

*Under = preposition; the = modifier; stove = noun.

In the crumb-filled, rumpled sheets

*In = preposition; the, crumb-filled, rumpled = modifiers; sheets = noun.

Realize that some prepositions also function as subordinate conjunctions:

Some prepositions also function as subordinate conjunctions. These prepositions are after, as, before, since, and until. A subordinate conjunction will have both a subject and a verb following it, forming a subordinate clause.

Look at these examples!

After Sam and Esmerelda kissed goodnight

*After = subordinate conjunction; Sam, Esmerelda = subjects; kissed = verb.

As Jerome buckled on the parachute

*As = subordinate conjunction; Jerome = subject; buckled = verb.

Before I eat these frog legs

*Before = subordinate conjunction; I = subject; eat = verb.

Since we have enjoyed the squid eyeball stew

*Since = subordinate conjunction; we = subject; have enjoyed = verb.

Until your hiccups stop

*Until = subordinate conjunction; hiccups = subject; stop = verb.

If you find a noun [with or without modifiers] following one of these five prepositions, then all you have is a prepositional phrase. Look at these examples:

After the killer calculus test

*After = preposition; the, killer, calculus = modifiers; test = noun.

As a good parent

*As = preposition; a, good = modifiers; parent = noun.

Before dinner

*Before = preposition; dinner = noun.

Since the breakup

*Since = preposition; the = modifier; breakup = noun.

Until midnight

*Until = preposition; midnight = noun.

"THE ENGLISH WORLD"

by:
jenifer ramirez
daniela londoño
juandavid garcia

EnGlIsh PrOPnOuN

2010-04-13T11:48:00.004-05:00

Los pronombres en inglés pueden clasificarse en: personales (o nominales), acusativos, indefinidos, posesivos, relativos y recíprocos. Los pronombres son palabras que señalan o sustituyen a otras que normalmente ya se han nombrado.

*...Pronombres Personales I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they

*...Pronombres Acusativos me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them

*...Adjetivos Posesivos my, your, his her, its, our, your, their

*...Pronombres Posesivos mine, yours, his, hers, ours, yours, theirs

*...Pronombres Reflexivos myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves,
…
*...Pronombres Indefinidos anyone, someone, nobody, everybody, anybody,
…
*...Pronombres Relativos that, who, whose, which, whom

*...Pronombres Recíprocos each other, one another

engish...her begining

2010-04-13T11:30:00.001-05:00

El inglés es un idioma originario del noroeste de Europa, que pertenece a la rama germánica de las lenguas indoeuropeas, y que se desarrolló en Inglaterra, difundido desde su origen por todas las Islas Británicas y en muchas de sus antiguas colonias de ultramar.

El inglés es el segundo idioma más hablado del mundo, por detrás del chino

Inglés antiguo

Estos invasores germánicos dominaron a los habitantes de habla celta, cuyos idiomas sobrevivieron principalmente en Escocia, Gales, Cornualles e Irlanda. Los dialectos que hablaban estos invasores formaron lo que se habría de llamar inglés antiguo, que fue un idioma muy parecido al frisón moderno. El inglés antiguo (también denominado Anglosaxon en inglés) tuvo la fuerte influencia de otro dialecto germánico, el noruego antiguo, hablado por los vikingos que se asentaron principalmente en el noreste de Gran Bretaña. Las palabras inglesas English (inglés) y England (Inglaterra) se derivan de palabras que se referían a los anglos: englisc e England.

Desde un punto de vista gramatical, el inglés antiguo presenta muchas similitudes tipológicas con las lenguas indoeropeas antiguas como el latín o el griego. Entre dichas similitudes están la presencia de caso morfológico en el nombre y la diferencia de género gramatical. El sistema verbal era más sintético que el del inglés moderno, el cual usa más la perífrasis verbal y los verbos auxiliares.

Inglés medio

El inglés medio de los siglos XIV y XV presenta importantes cambios tipológicos respecto al inglés antiguo. El inglés medio tipológicamente está más cercano al inglés moderno y las lenguas romances que el inglés antiguo. La principal diferencia entre el inglés medio y el inglés moderno, es la pronunciación. En particular el gran desplazamiento vocálico acabó por trastocar completamente el inventario de vocales, produciendo diptongos a partir de numerosas vocales largas y cambiando el grado de abertura de muchos monoptongos.

A partir del siglo XVIII la pronunciación del inglés fue altamente similar a la del inglés moderno. Y es a partir de esa época que se empezaron a producir la mayor parte de los cambios fonéticos que hoy día son la base de los modernos dialectos.

Inglés moderno temprano

El inglés moderno temprano (Early Modern English) es la forma antigua del inglés de hoy, como una variante del idioma anglosajón y del inglés medio en particular que se practicaba hasta ese entonces.

Se trata del inglés que se hablaba principalmente durante el Renacimiento, y más comúnmente asociado al lenguaje literario de William Shakespeare.

Cronológicamente se sitúa entre los siglos XVI y XVIII en las áreas pobladas por los anglonormandos (años 1450 a 1700 aproximadamente).

Se considera la fase más evolutiva y cercana al inglés de la actualidad, y se consolidó en gran medida debido al auge de las letras británicas en dicho período histórico y al aporte que le dieron otras lenguas extranjeras.