Fbise Notes-Computer Science | SSC-I & SSC-II

Fbise Notes-Computer | Glossary 10th Class

2019-08-04T17:23:00.002+05:00

GLOSSARY 10 TH CLASS

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Algorithm:

A set of steps that clearly defines a sequence of operations to solve a problem.

Assembly Language:

Computer language that consists of symbolic codes, developed to make computer programming easier than machine language.

Assignment Operator:

Operator used to assign a value to a variable is called an assignment operator.

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Break Statement:

A statement used to exit from a loop as soon as a certain condition occurs is called a break statement.

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Candid Solution:

A step by step solution of a problem that will produce correct result is called a candid solution.

Comments:

Notes that are included in programs when a fact is to be brought to the attention of program's reader.

Compiler:

A computer software that translates an entire program written in a high level language into machine language.

Computer Program:

A sequence of instruction written in a computer programming language to solve a problem is called a computer program.

Conditional Statement:

An instruction in a programming language that contains a condition based on which flow of execution of program statements is controlled. .

Constant:

A quantity whose value does not change during program execution is called a constant.

Continue Statement:

A statement that causes a loop to be continued with the next iteration after skipping the remaining statements in the loop is called a continue statement.

Badal Gaya Hai Pakistan | Celebrating independence day in new way! | Images| Quotes

2019-08-04T15:31:00.004+05:00

CELEBRATING INDEPENDENCE DAY

QUAID E AZAM QUOTES | IMAGES

AND ANY MORE !

TWO NATION THEORY

QUAID'S BEST FORMULA TO HAVE SUCCESS

Badal Gaya Hai Pakistan | Celebrating independence day in new way! | Naya Pakistan

2019-08-03T00:34:00.001+05:00

CELEBRATING INDEPENDENCE DAY

QUAID E AZAM QUOTES | VIDEOS | MANY MORE !

SENATE VOTING AGAINST GOV | OPPOSITION IS DEFEATED BADLY !

2019-08-01T15:17:00.002+05:00

SENATE VOTING LATEST UPDATES| VIDEOS

SANJRANI IS RE-ELECTED | OPPOSITION SHAME ON YOU!

Fbise Notes-Computer | DATA COMMUNICATION MCQs chapter no.4 9th class

2019-07-30T12:31:00.001+05:00

DATA COMMUNICATION CH# 04

Multiple Choice

Q. 1 Insert the correct option i.e. A/B/C/D in the empty box.

i. In which type of data transmission start / stop bits are used?

A. Synchronous transmission B. Asynchronous transmission

C. Satellite transmission D. Microwave transmission

ii. In which the time interval between the characters is always the same?

A. Synchronous transmission B. Asynchronous transmission

C. Satellite transmission D. Microwave transmission

iii. Which transmission media uses light waves for transmitting information?

A. Coaxial cable B. Twisted pair cable

C. Telephone line D. Fiber optic cable

iv. Which of the following is used for short distance communication?

A. Radio Signal B. Microwave

C. Infra Red D. Satellite communication

v. In which of the following impairment, the strength of signals falls off with distance?

A. Distortion B. Attenuation

C. Cross Talk D. Noise

vi. Which impairment refers to undesired signals that enter the path of the transmitted signals due to electromagnetic radiation?

A. Distortion B. Attenuation

C. Cross Talk D. Noise

vii. Which device is used for connecting computers together in wireless LAN?

A. Dial-up Modem B. Router

C. Switch D. Access point

viii. Which device is used for connecting computers together in wired LAN?

A. Dial-up Modem B. Router

C. Switch D. Access point

ix. Which device forwards information from one network to another by selecting the best pathway available?

A. Dial-up Modem B. Router

C. Switch D. Access point

x. What represents the overall data transmission capacity of a computer network?

A. Data rate B. Bandwidth

C. Signal strength D. Baud rate

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Computer Networks MCQs Chapter no. 5 9th class

2019-07-30T10:58:00.001+05:00

COMPUTER NETWORKS CH# 05

Multiple Choice

Q. 1 Insert the correct option i.e. A/B/C/D in the empty box.

i. In which transmission mode, information is transmitted in both directions but not simultaneously?

A. Simplex Mode B. Half duplex Mode

C. Full-duplex Mode D. High Speed Mode

ii. In which network every computer act as client, server or both at the same time?

A. Client / Server Network B. Peer to Peer Network

C. Point to Point Network D. Local Area Network

iii. Which of the following network provides centralized security?

A. Client / Server Network B. Peer to Peer Network

C. Point to Point Network D. Local Area Network

iv. Which computer shares resources on a network for others to use?

A. Desktop B. Client

C. Server D. Microcomputer

v. Which of the following topology is most expensive to implement?

A. Star B. Bus

C. Ring D. Mesh

vi. In which of the following network topology, switch is required?

A. Star B. Bus

C. Ring D. Mesh

vii. Which of the following network is used to provide Cable TV and Internet services?

A. Local Area Network B. Wide Area Network

C. Metropolitan Area Network D. Point to Point Network

viii. Which of the following provides high speed Internet connection?

A. Dial-Up connection B. DSL connection

C. ISDN Connection D. CDMA connection

ix. Which network connects computers across cities, countries, and continents?

A. Local Area Network B. Wide Area Network

C. Metropolitan Area Network D. Client / Server Network

x. Which of the following network topology uses a device called terminator?

A. Ring topology B. Mesh topology

C. Bus topology D. Star topology

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BADAL GAYA HAI PAKISTAN | CHACHA ABDUL SAHKOOR| ONE MAN ARMY

2019-07-29T22:36:00.001+05:00

CHACHA ABDUL SHAKOOR-ONE MAN ARMY

As i have listen him, he is defending Pakistan as a pure patriot. He has a number of enemies because according to my opinion he is not "munafiq". Listen by your self and decide on your own that I am right or wrong.

Fbise Notes-Computer | Glossary 9th Class

2019-07-28T15:50:00.001+05:00

GLOSSARY 9TH CLASS

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Adware:

A type of malware that attaches itself to free software on the internet and infects other computers when it is downloaded.

Analog Computer:

A computer that represents and processes data by measuring quantities such as voltage and current to solve a problem.

Application Software:

Software developed for computer users to solve their problems is called application software.

It is the second type of software. e.g MS- Word, Calculator and Paint program.

Asynchronous Transmission:

A method of data transmission in which time interval between characters is not the same.

Attenuation:

Strength of signal fall off with distance in guided or unguided media is called attenuation.

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Bandwidth:

Overall data transmission capacity of a medium or channel is called bandwidth.

Bluetooth:

Bluetooth is a wireless communication technology that uses radio waves to connect portable electronic devices over short distance.

Bus Topology:

A topology that consists of a single central cable know as bus, to which all the devices are connected along its length to communicate with each other.

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Cache:

Very small amount of extremely fast memory inside the microprocessor or on the motherboard is known as cache.

Client Computer:

A computer that accesses or uses the resources that are shared by other computers
in a network.

Client / Server Network:

A network in which each computer acts as either a server or a client.

Command Line Interface:

User interface in which commands are given to computer with keyboard. For example; DOS.

Computer Ethics:

Moral guidelines concerned with the ethical use of computer technology are called computer ethics.

Computer Network:

Interconnection between computers and devices to provide facilities among users to exchange information and share resources such as printer, hard disk and internet etc.

Computer Software:

A set of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do is called computer software.

Computer Virus:

A type of malware that spreads by inserting a copy of itself into another program or file.

Cross Talk:

Interference that occur in guided media when undesired signals enter the path of transmitted signals.

Cyber Crime:

Any crime committed by means of computer and internet technology is called cyber crime.

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Data Validation:

Allowing only certain values or the type of data that is defined by the user to be entered into cells in Excel is called data validation.

Database Administrator:

A person who is responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance of a database in an organization is called a database administrator.

Digital Computer:

A general purpose programmable machine that works with binary digits and has the ability to store, retrieve and process data at high speed.

Distortion:

Change in form of digital signal when it reaches the receiver during data transmission is called distortion.

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Expansion Slots:

Long narrow sockets on the motherboard used for installing expansion cards are called
expansion slots

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Filtering Data:

Displaying only the information that the user needs based on a condition in Excel is called
filtering data.

Full-duplex Mode:

A type of data transmission mode used to transmit data / information in both directions simultaneously is called full duplex mode

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Graphical User Interface:

A type of user interface that is based on windows, icons, menus and pointers is called graphical user interface

Guided Media:

Transmission media taht uses cabling system that guides data signals along a specific path is called guided media.

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Hacker:

A person who illegally breaks into computer systems to destroy, modify or steal information is called a hacker.

Half-Duplex Mode:

A type of data transmission mode used to transmit data / information in both direction but not simultaneously is called half duplex mode.

Hybrid Computer:

A type of computer that is a combination of analog and digital computers is called hybrid computer.

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IC Chip:

A silicon chip that contains a large number of transistors is called IC Chip.

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Language Processor:

System software used to translate computer programs into machine language.

Local Area Network:

A network that covers a limited area such as a small office or a campus of nearby buildings is called local area network or LAN.

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Mesh Topology:

A topology in which all the network nodes are connected to all the other nodes is called mesh topology.

Metropolitan Area Network:

A network that spans area larger than LAN but smaller than WAN such as a city is called metropolitan area network or MAN

Motherboard:

Main circuit board inside the system unit that contains microprocessor, main memory, expansion cards, many IC chips, connectors and other electronics components is called a motherboard.

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Network Administrator:

A person responsible for installation, configuration, and maintenance of computer networks in organizations is called a network administrator.

Network Interface Card:

Expansion card used to connect computers together to create computer network is called network interface card or NIC card.

Network Topology:

Physical arrangement of network nodes. A node represents a computer or a network device.\

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Operating System:

A collection of system software that controls the working of computer system is called operating system.

Output Devices:

Devices used to display text, graphics and images on monitor or print on paper are called output devices.

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Peer-to-Peer Network:

A network in which all the computers have the same status and there is no distinction at all between servers and clients.

Personal Identification Number:

A confidential numeric password used to authenticate a user to get access to a computer system is called personal identification number.

Ports:

Interface used for connecting various devices to the system unit are called ports.

Protocol:

Set of rules between two communicating devices that govern the process of data communication is called protocol.

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Registers:

Small memory units inside the microprocessor used to temporarily store some information during the execution of a program.

Ring Topology:

A topology shaped just like a ring to which nodes are connected is called a ring topology.

Router:

Communication device that is used when two networks have to be connected for communication.

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Server Computer:

A computer that shares resources for others to use on a network is called server.

Simplex Mode:

A type of transmission mode that provides data / information transmission in only one direction is called simplex mode.

Software Piracy:

Making illegal copies of software for use or sale for financial benefit.

Spreadsheet:

A grid of rows and columns in which numbers and text are entered is called spreadsheet.

Spyware:

A type of malware developed to spy on computer users by gathering information about their activities.

Star Topology:

A topology in which all the nodes are connected to a central device called switch is called a star topology.

Switch / Access Point:

Communication device used for connecting computers together in a local area network is called switch or access point.

Synchronous Transmission:

A method of data transmission in which time interval between characters is always the same.

System Software:

A collection of programs which makes the use of computer easy and efficient is called system software.

System Unit:

Main part of computer that consists of motherboard, power supply and drives inside the computer casing is called a system unit.

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Transmission Medium:

Physical path over which data is sent from sender to receiver is called transmission medium.

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Unguided Media:

Transmission of data signals through open space, that is, without using cables.

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Wide Area Network:

A network that spans a large area, connecting several locations of an organization across cities, countries and continents is called a wide area network.

Word Processing:

Use of computer to create, edit, format and print documents is called word processing.

Word Processor:

Computer application software used for creation of documents on computers is called a word processor.

Worm:

A type of malware that transmits itself over a network to infect other computers is called a worm.

Fbise Notes-Computer | Science and Technology News | National and International

2019-07-27T23:08:00.002+05:00

CHINA IS PREPARING ITSELF FOR CLIMATE CHANGES IN ADVANCE

China is on its way to meet its carbon goal to tackle climate problems 9 years early. the world's biggest polluter is now trying to solve the problem of global warming.

SCIENTISTS HAVE WARNED ABOUT WEATHER FOR THE COMING YEARS!

According to the British weather forecast agency, the coming five years would be the hottest. They have warned the world that if the temperature rises with this ratio than it may be said that these years will be the hottest years of the century or more.

All this is just because of reduction in the trees, melting of glaciers and the heat generated by our industries.

Huawei is Going to Establish Local Headquarter in Islamabad.

The vice president of Huawaie company, Mark Xihuman has expressed that they are going

to invest 100 million dollars this year. He also said that they have a plan to establish a

headquarter in Islamabad for that purpose they will also invest 55 million dollars in Pakistan.

Pakistan's federal minister for planning Khusro Bakhtiar appreciate and encourage china to invest in this sector he ensured that there is a great potential in this sector.

We may say that the current government in Pakistan has achieved the goal to bring the business back to Pakistan.

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FIVE G WILL BE SOON IN PAKISTAN WOW!

PTA said that at the end of this year they are going to issue five G license. according to PTA about 400-500 million people are using 3G and 4G technology in Pakistan..

After 5G the problem of delaying communication between two devices will be solved. There will be a blast in the social media sector. the internet speed of 5G is beyond the limits.

It will also put a good impact on the online business in Pakistan

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RUSSIA'S LARGEST CYBER ATTACK EVER !

According to international news agency, hackers access the data bank of NIT. They have stolen 7.5 TB of data. the data relates to government agencies who are going to implement it in the IT sector.

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PAKISTAN IS GOING TO SEND HIS FIRST ASTRONAUT MISSION IN SPACE?

According to an official tweet Minister for science and technology fawad chaudary said that

Pakistan has finalized that we will send our first short listed mission in space in 2022 Insha Allah.

We will send our first astronaut with the support of China. This will be the historical moment for Pakistan.It will open new horizons for Pakistan in the field of science and technology.

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Important Board Paper Definitions Chapter No.1 Class 10th

2019-07-27T18:16:00.003+05:00

IMPORTANT BOARD DEFINITIONS

CHAPTER NO.1 CLASS 10TH

1. Computer:

A computer is a general- purpose electronic machine invented to help people solve

various problems.

Computer must be programmed by human beings to perform various tasks.

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2. Candid Solution:

All the possible solutions of a problem that produce correct result are known as candid solutions.

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3. Algorithm:

Algorithm is a step-by step problem solving method that is easy to understand and follow. It is a set of steps that clearly defines a sequence of operations to solve a problem.

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4. Flow Chart:

It is a diagrammatic representation of algorithm. it describes what operations

are required to solve a given problem.

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5. Flow Line:

It is a line with arrow head used to connect various flowchart symbols and indicates the flow of control in the flow chart.

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6.Start / Stop Symbol:

It is rounded rectangular shape symbol. It is used to indicate the start or end of a flow chart. We can only write the words Start or Stop inside the symbol.

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7. Input / Output Symbol:

It represents input or output operations in a flowchart. Parallelogram symbol is used for this purpose. READ or INPUT commands are used in the programming language for this operation.

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8. Process Symbol:

It is used for any mathematical calculation. A rectangular symbol is used for this purpose.

For example: SUM = A + B

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9. Decision Symbol:

It is used to take any decision, a diamond shaped symbol is used for this purpose. It must contains a condition.

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10. Connector Symbos:

These symbols are used to connect one part of a flowchart to the other on the same page(On-Page connector) or on the new page (Off-Page connector).

11. Sequential Structure:

It refers to the execution of operations in the order in which they appear.

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12.Repetition Structure or Loop:

It provides a way to repeat one or more operations as many times as required to solve

a problem.

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13. Selection Structure:

It allows a choice among various options while solving a problem.

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Worldwide Web and HTML Long Questions Ch.No 7 10th class

2019-07-27T15:26:00.001+05:00

Worldwide Web and HTML CH# 07

Long Questions and Answers

Q.No1 Describe any four types of websites.

Ans: Types of Websites:

There is a large variety of websites on the web. Most popular types are;

1. Web Portals:

it is a website that offers a large variety of services. These include online shopping malls, news, stock prices, e-mail and search engine. For example web portal of national university of sciences and technology(NUST).

2. News Website:

It provides information about current events and options. These sites publish news stories and let their visitors voice be heard. Some examples are www.thenews.com.pk, www.dailytimes.com and www.pakobserver.net .

3. Educational Website:

Educational website is created for educational purpose. It contains animation, slide presentations and tutorials to educate people. Some examples are www.ilmkidunya.com, www.pknotes.com, www.sabaq.pk .

4. Business Website:

It provides facilities to maintain business relationships and selling information. These sites facilitates exchange of business documents such as orders or invoices b/w supplier and customer. Examples are banking site, tick reservation site and stock market etc.

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Q.No2 Write the HTML tags for the following?

Ans: Paragraph:

Heading:

<h1></h1>

Bold:

Underline:

Italic:

Center text:

<center></center>

Strike out:

<strike></strike>

Superscript:

Font size, color and typeface:

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Q.No3 Create a web page in HTML that displays image of a computer. The width of image should be 350 pixels and height 220 pixels.

Ans:

<html>

<head>

<title>Displaying image of a computer</title>

</head>

<body>

<img src=“computer.jpg” width=350 height=220 alt=”computer

image”>

</body>

</html>

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Q.No4 Describe how background color and image are applied to web page.

Ans:

Background Color:

To apply a background color in a page insert the bgcolor attribute and foreground color.

For example:

Image:

An image can be set as background of a page using the background attribute in the body tag.

For Example:

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Q.No5 Create an HTML document that contains a graphical hyperlink.

Ans:

<html>

<head>

<title>Inserting image Anchor</title>

</head>

<body>

<a href=”http://www.fbise.edu.pk”><img src=”image.jpg”></a>

</body>

</html>

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Q.No6 Describe the tags used for creating a table in HTML.

Ans:

<html>

<head>

<title>Creating a Table</title>

</head>

<body>

<table border=1 cellspacing=3 cellpadding=8>

<tr>

<td colspan=4 align=center>

Final Examinaton 2018-19</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>S.No</td>

<td>Date</td>

<td>Class X</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>01</td>

<td>11-04-19</td>

<td>Mathematics X</td>

</tr>

</body>

</html>

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Worldwide Web and HTML Short Questions Ch.No 7 10th

2019-07-26T12:16:00.001+05:00

Worldwide Web and HTML CH# 07

Short Questions and Answers

i. Differentiate between website and web server.

Ans: Website:
A website is a collection of related web pages hosted on a web server. It is accessible through an address, called URL. For example www.fbise.edu.pk

Web Server:
A web server is a computer that makes web pages available through the internet. Web servers are used to host websites, data storage and for running applications.

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ii. Describe how a search engine is used for searching information on the internet.

Ans: Search Engine:
A search engine is a website or software that allows people to find information on the WWW. Users type one or two keywords in a search engine. The search engine will look for matching websites from all over the web. Most popular search engines are Google and Yahoo! etc.

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iii. Define web hosting.

Ans: Web Hosting:
Web hosting is a service that uploads a website on a web server and makes it available for computer users. It makes website running on a computer all the time. There are companies that provide web hosting service. These provide 24 hours support and online control for managing the website.

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iv. Describe HTML.

Ans: Hyper Text Markup Language(HTML):

HTML is a markup language used to create web pages. A browser is used to read HTML documents and display it on the screen as web page. It is used to create documents that bring together text, pictures, sounds, video clips and links all in one place.

For Example:

<html>
<head>

<title>First HTML document</title>
</head>
<body>I LOVE PAKISTAN
</body>
</html>

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Conditional Control Structure Long Questions Chapter No.4 10th class

2019-07-25T13:32:00.002+05:00

CONDITIONAL CONTROL STRUCTURE CH NO.4

LONG QUESTIONS

Q.No1 What is control structure? Explain conditional control structure with examples.

Ans: A conditional statement is an instruciton that contains a condition. When it is executed, the condition is evaluated and then based on result (true or false) a particular statement is executed. These statements in C language are if, if-else, else-if and switch statements.

Conditional Control Structure:

The statement has the following structure e.g if statement.

If (condition)

{

Block of statements

}

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main (void)

{

Int marks;

printf(“\n Enter your Marks:”);

scanf(“%d ,&marks”);

if ( marks>32)

{

printf(“\n Congratulations”);

printf(“\n You are Passed”);

}

getch();

}

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Q.No2 What is the purpose of switch( ) statement? Explain with the help of one example.

Ans: Switch() Statement:

The switch statement is similar to the else-if statement. It is used when multiple choices are given and one is to be selected.

1. When switch statement is executed, the expression is evaluated.

2. The result of the expression is compared with the constant values.

3. If the value matches then the statement under the case is executed.

4. If no case is matched then the statement under the default keyword are executed.

5. The break statement is to exit the body of switch statement.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main (void)

{

Int n;

printf(“\n Enter an integer, N:”);

scanf(“%d ,&n”);

switch(n)

{

Case 1:

printf(“N is 1”);

break;

Case 2:

printf(“N is 2”);

break;

default:

printf(“N is not 1 or 2”);

}

getch();

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BADAL GAYA HAI PAKISTAN! | SAY NO TO CORRUPTION | PAKISTAN KI AWAZ !

2019-07-25T12:31:00.001+05:00

SAY NO TO CORRUPTION

In 2017 Pakistan ranked 117th out of 180 countries. the ratio decreases and there is a great improvement in this regard. according to NAB, national accountability bureau, corruption is a great poison for Pakistan. it is a great block in front of Pakistan progress.

In order to get rid of this curse a party named "Pakistan Tehreek Insaf , PTI" come to tackle this

problem.

The leader of this emerging party is Imran Khan. He has ability to face difficulties and he promise the nation that Pakistan will be free of corruption soon.

Corruption leads to many problems in the society, so its also the duty of our society to say no to corruption. everyone has to fight corruption with iron hands. We have to eradicate the roots and evil causes of this disease.

Awareness in this regard is very essential part to get rid of corruption. we must bring reforms in every aspect of our life. Poverty prevails due to this evil. There must be an environment of punishment to avoid corruption.

Fbise Notes-Computer | Conditional Control Structure Short Questions Ch.No 4

2019-07-24T10:02:00.001+05:00

Conditional Control Structure CH# 04

Questions and Answers

Short Questions

i. Differentiate between if and if-else selection structures.

Ans: Structure of IF Statement:

The if statement has the following general form.

If (condition)

{

Block statement

}

When this statement is executed, the condition is evaluated. If the condition is true then the block of the statements within the braces will be executed. If false then the control will be transferred to the next statement if exists. If there is only one statement then braces are not required.

Structure of IF-ELSE Statement:

The if-else statement has the following general form.

If (condition)

{

Block statements

}

else

{

Block statements

}

When this statement is executed, the condition is evaluated. If the condition is true then the block of the statements within the braces will be executed and else will be skipped. If false then the block of statements following if will be skipped and else will be executed.

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ii. Differentiate between else-if and switch selection structure.

Ans: Structure of ELSE- IF Statement:

The else-if statement has the following general form.

If (condition-1)

{

Block statements

}

else-If (condition-2)

{

Block statements

}

else-If (condition-3)

{

Block statements

}

else

{

Block statements to be executed when

none of the conditions is true.

}

When this statement is executed, condition-1 is evaluated, if it is true then the block of statements following if is executed and if it is false, the next condition is evaluated. If none of the conditions is true then the block of statements following else is executed automatically.

Structure of SWITCH Statement:

The switch statement has the following general form.

switch (expression)

{

Case const-1:

statements;

break;

Case const-2:

statements;

break;

default:

statements;

}

The switch statement is similar to the else-if, it is used when multiple choices are given and one is to be selected.

1. When switch statement is executed the expression is evaluated. The result of the expression is compared with constant values given after the keyword case.

2. If the result matches the constant value then the statement under the case is executed.

3. The purpose of break is to exit the body of switch statement.

4. If no case is matched then the statements under the default keyword is executed. Its use is optional.

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iii. What is nested selection structure?

Ans: Nested Selection Structure:

The selection structure that is within another selection structure is known as nested selection structure. Sometime in computer programming it is required. This is also supported in C language.

Example:

#include <stdio.h>

#include <conio.h>

void main (void)

{

Int n;

printf(“\n Enter a number:”);

scanf(“%d ,&n”);

If(n>0)

{

printf(“\n You entered a positive number.”);

If (n%2= = 0)

printf(“\n it is an even number.”);

else

printf(“\n it is an odd number.”);

}

else

Printf(“\nYou entered a negative number or zero.”);

getch();

}

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Input and Output Handling Long Question Ch.No 3

2019-07-24T01:02:00.001+05:00

Input and Output Handling Long Questions Ch. No 3

Q.No1 Describe how basic and compound assignment operators are used?

Ans: Basic Assignment Operator:

The basic assignment operator is = . this is used to assign value of an expression to a variable. It has the general form:

variable = expression

where expression may be a constant, another variable to which a value has been assigned or a formula to be evaluated. For example:

sum = a + b;

Compound Assignment Operator:

In addition to = , there are a number of assignment operators unique to C. these include +=, -=, /= and %= etc. suppose op represents an arithematic operator. Then, the compound assignment operator has the following general form.

variable op = expression

This is equivalent to:

variable = variable op expression

For example:

sum = sum + n; or sum += n;

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Q.No2 Describe the functions of the following operators?

Ans: Relational Operator:

These are used to compare two values of the same type. These are used in expressions when a decision is to be based on a condition. After evaluation of a relational expression, the result produced is either True or False. These operators are used for decision making.

Types of Relational Operators:

Six types of relational operators are available in C. These are;

Operator	Definition
= =	equal to
!=	not equal to
<	less than
>	greater than
< =	less than or equal to
> =	greater than or equal to

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Input and Output Handling Short Questions Ch.No3

2019-07-23T15:45:00.001+05:00

INPUT AND OUTPUT HANDLING CH# 03

Questions and Answers

Short Questions

i. Why format specifier is used? Explain with examples.

Ans: Format Specifier:

A format specifier is computer code that tells about the data type, field width and the format according to which a value is to be read or printed. Commonly used format specifiers are;

i. %d decimal integer

ii. %i integer

iii. %f floating-point

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ii. Why escape sequence is used? Explain with examples.

Ans: Escape Sequence:

The special characters used in C language to control printing on the output device are called escape sequence. These characters are not printed, and used inside the control string.

It is a combination of a backslash(\) and a code character. Commonly used escape sequence are;

i. \a produces alert (bell) sound.

ii. \b moves cursor backward.

iii. \n moves cursor to the beginning of next line.

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iii. What is the purpose of gets() function? Explain with an example.

Ans: gets() Function:

The gets() function is used to read a string from the keyboard and store it in the variable specified inside the parenthesis.

Example:

#include<stdio.h>

void main (void)

{

char name[20];

printf(“\nEnter your name:”);

gets(name);

printf(“\nMy name is %s”,name);

getch();

}

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iv. Differentiate between getch( ) and getche( ) functions.

Ans: getch() Function:

The getch() is similar to getche(), the difference is that it does not display the typed character to the screen. The function require conio.h header file.

getche() Function:

The getche() reads a single character from the keyboard and it is assigned to the variable. The format specifier %c print the letter stored in variable. The ‘get’ means get something from input device. The ‘ch’ means it get a character and ‘e’ means it echoes (display) the character to the screen.

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Badal Gaya Hai Pakistan! | IMRAN'S USA VISIT LATEST VIDEOS

2019-07-22T10:08:00.001+05:00

BADAL GAYA HAI PAKISTAN | TABDILI AA GAYE HAI!

2019-07-22T07:00:00.000+05:00

THIS IS OUR LEADER!

IK Back Home

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VOICE OF PAKISTAN TODAY

Imran Khan became the first Pakistani PM ever who address a full house arena in America.

Nigahe Marde Momin Say Badal Jatee Hain Taqdeerain

Imran Khan our Hope!

Fbise Notes-Computer | Programming in C Short Questions Chapter No.02 Class 10th

2019-07-22T06:21:00.001+05:00

Programming in C CH# 02

Questions and Answers

i. Define Computer Program.

Ans: A computer program is a set of instruction(statements) written in a programming language to solve a particular problem and achieving specific results.

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ii. Differentiate between syntax and semantic

Ans: Syntax:

Syntax refers to the rules of a programming language according to which statements of a program are to be written. It describes the way to write correct statements. It is similar to the grammar of a natural language.

For example: variable = expression;

Semantic:

Semantic gives meaning to statements of a programming language. It describes the sequence of operations to be performed by a computer.

For example: sum = a + b;

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iii. Write three differences between assembly language and HLLs.

Ans: Assembly Language:

It consists of symbolic codes known as mnemonics. It was developed to make computer programming easier than machine language. A program written in assembly language must be converted into machine language before executed. An assembler is used to translate the program. Some characteristics of this language are:

a. It allows the programmers to have access to all special features of computer.

b. It requires less storage and less running time than HLLs.

High Level Language:

High level languages are English-oriented languages. They are commonly used for writing computer programs. In the language English words are used like print, go to, if, end etc. a compiler or interpreter is required to convert HLLs to machine language. Examples are Visual Basic, C, C++, Java , Pascal etc.

Some features of HLLs are:

a. It is easy to learn and use.

b. Coding and debugging is much easier.

High level is classified into procedural, structured, and object-oriented programming language.

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iv. Write four characteristics of HLLs.

Ans: Characteristics of HLLs:

1. HLLs are simple, easier and less prone to errors.

2. They are not machine dependent. The programs are independent of type of computer.

3. The process of finding and removing errors in programs is easier.

4. HLLs are highly structured. They allow programmers to breaks lengthy programs into modules.

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v. Define integrated Development Environment (IDE).

Ans: Integrated Development Environment:

IDE is computer software that brings all the processes and tools require for program development into one place. It makes the life of a programmer easier. They have user-friendly GUI. IDE for C language consists of:

i. Text Editor

ii. Compiler

iii. Linker

iv. Loader

v. Debugger

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vi. Differentiate between constant and variable.

Ans: Constant:

Constants are quantities whose values do not change during program execution. They may be numeric, character or string.

Numeric Constants:

There are two types of numeric constants:

i. Integer constant

ii. Floating point constant.

Integer Constants:

They represent values that are counted like number of students in a class. Examples are 7145, -234,26, etc.

Floating-point Constants:

They are used to represent values that are measured, like the height of a person. Examples are 166.75cm, 82.6 kilograms etc.

Character Constant:

It is one of the symbols in C character set. It includes digits 0 to 9 upper and lower case letters Aa to Zz, punctuations like . , ; and special symbols +, =, >. A character constant is enclosed by single quotes as ‘a’, ‘s’ etc.

String Constant:

They are the characters within double quotes such as “Hello Ahmed” etc.

Variable:

A variable is a symbolic name that represents a value that can change during execution of a program. Variable are of two types numeric, character.

Numeric Variable:

They are used to represent numeric values. They represent integer and floating-point values. Examples are sum, avg, length, salary, marks etc.

Character Variable:

They represent character values. It can represent single character or string character. Some examples are name, city, gender etc.

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vii. Which of the following are valid C variables? Give reason if not a valid variable. area, 5x, Sum, net pay, float_age, else, case, size22, my_weight.

Ans: Valid Varibles:

area, sum, age, size22

Not a valid Variable:

5x(it begin with number), net pay, my weight(having space)

float,else, case(reserve word).

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viii. What are reserve words? Why they should not be used as variable names?

Ans: Reserve Words:

The words that are part of programming language and have special purpose in computer programs are called reserve words or keywords. They have predefined use and cannot be used for any other purpose. They are written in lowercase. There are 32 reserve words in C.

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ix. Why comments are used in programs?

Ans: Comments in C:

It is a good programming practice to add comments in program to make it easy for others to understand it. Comments in the source code are ignored by the compiler. There are two types of comments:

a. Single line comment

b. Multiple line comment

Single line comment:

The // is used as single line comment. The syntax of single line comment is :

// comment

Multiple line comment:

The /*……*/ is used for multiple line comments.

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x. What is the use of typecasting in C programs?

Ans: Typecasting in C:

It is a method to convert a variable from one data type to another data type during program execution. It makes a variable of one type to act like another type. For example, a variable of type int can act as a variable of type char using type casting.

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Programming in C MCQs Chapter No.02 Class 10th

2019-07-21T11:46:00.003+05:00

Programming in C CH# 02

Multiple Choice

Q. 1 Insert the correct option i.e. A/B/C/D in the empty box.

i. What defines the rules of valid statements in programming?

A. Compiler B. Interpreter

C. Syntax D. Semantic

ii. Which language is directly understood by the computer?

A. Machine Language B. Assembly Language

C. High level Language D. C Language

iii. When was C language developed?

A. Late 1960s B. Early 1970s

C. 1980s D. 1990s

iv. Who developed Java language?

A. Dennis Ritchie B. Microsoft

C. Sun Microsystems D. IBM

v. What is the other word used for Reserved Words?

A. Compiler words B. Keywords

C. Special Programming words D. Mnemonics

vi. How many bytes are set aside by the compiler for a variable of type int?

A. 2 B. 3

C. 4 D. 5

vii. How many bytes are set aside by the compiler for a variable of type float?

A. 2 B. 3

C. 4 D. 5

viii. What is the range of numbers that can be stored in a variable of type

double float?

A. -32,768 ~ +32,767 B. 10^-38 ~ 10³⁸

C. 10^-308 ~ 10³⁰⁸ D. 10^-4932 ~ 10⁴⁹³²

ix. Which program translates high level language into machine language?

A. Compiler B. Linker

C. Loader D. Debugger

x. Which software helps in finding and removing errors in programs?

A. Linker B. Text Editor

C. Loader D. Debugger

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Programming Techniques MCQs CH # 01

2019-07-21T05:15:00.000+05:00

Programming Techniques CH# 01

Multiple Choice

Q. 1 Insert the correct option i.e. A/B/C/D in the empty box.

i. Which of the following structures repeats one or more operations?

A. Sequence B. Selection

C. Loop D. Decision

ii. Which of the following structures allows a choice among various options?

A. Sequence B. Selection

C. Loop D. Decision

iii. Which of the following is a sequence of instructions written to solve a problem?

A. Algorithm B. Flowchart

C. Program D. Problem Analysis

iv. What illustrates a sequence of operations to be performed to solve a problem in

the form of a diagram?

A. Algorithm B. Flowchart

C. Program D. Problem Analysis

v. What is represented by parallelogram in a flowchart?

A. Input/Output B. Processing

C. Start/Stop D. Decision

vi. What is represented by a small circle in a flowchart?

A. Start/Stop B. Decision

C. Processing D. Connector

vii. Which symbol is used for decision in a flowchart?

A. Rectangle B. Parallelogram

C. Diamond D. Oval

viii. Which symbol is used for processing in a flowchart?

A. Rectangle B. Parallelogram

C. Diamond D. Oval

Note: Must Subscribe to get the latest copies of fbise notes,computer science mcqs, computer science 9th class notes, computer science notes for class 10, board papers and much more.

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Programming Techniques Long Questiions

2019-07-20T16:42:00.002+05:00

Programming Techniques Chapter No.1

Extensive Questions

Q.No1 Describe the steps involved in problem solving.

Ans: There are five steps involved in problem solving these are:

1. Defining the Problem.

2. Analyzing the Problem.

3. Planning the solution of the problem.

4. Candid solutions of a problem.

5. Select the best solution.

Defining the Problem:

It is the initial stage of problem solving. It is important it understand the problem before starting the work. The steps to define are:

a. Carefully read the problem and understand what it tells.

b. Find out what the problem asks.

c. What information can be obtained from the problem?

d. What is required to be calculated as a solution.

Analyzing the Problem:

Here the programmer investigates the problem and gathers the information to find the solution. The following questions are to be asked:

i. Is it possible to solve the problem on the computer?

ii. What is to be done to find the solution of the problem?

iii. What is the proper sequence of steps to solve the problem?

iv. What are the inputs and what output is required?

v. How many solutions are possible?

vi. Which solution is the best and why?

vii. How solution will be implemented?

Planning the Solution of the Problem

Planning is the creative stage, it refers to divide the solution into steps and arranging them into proper order that will solve the problem.

Candid Solutions of a problem:

To find the candid solution the programmer has to look for different methods to solve the problem and come up with several solutions.

Select the best Solution:

After finding the candid solutions, only one solution can be selected. The selection of final solution of a problem should be based on the following criteria.

Speed:

The selected solution should be efficient, the program should run fast.

Cost:

The solution should provide cost-effective way of implementation.

Complexity:

The selected solution should not be complicated. It should contains minimum number of instructions.

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Q.No2 Write an algorithm to calculate the area of a rectangle for given breadth and length?

Ans: Algorithm to find the Area of a rectangle

Step 1: Start

Let L be the given length and B be the given breadth

Step 2: Area of a rectangle = L x B

Step 3: PRINT Area of rectangle

Step 4: Stop

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Q.No.3 Write an algorithm that inputs length in inches and calculates and prints it in centimeter?

Ans: Algorithm to find the product of given numbers

Step 1: Start

Let l = length in inches

Step 2: length in cm = l * 2.54

Step 3: PRINT length in cm

Step 4: Stop

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Q.No.4 Write an algorithm that inputs marks and prints the message “PASS” Or “FAIL” passing marks are 33.

Ans: Algorithm to find the message PASS or FAIL

Step 1: Start

Let m = marks

Step 2: if m > = 33 GOTO step 3 otherwise GOTO step 4

Step 3: PRINT “PASS” GOTO step 5

Step 4: PRINT “FAIL”

Step 5: Stop

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Q.No.5 Write an algorithm to find the sum of given sequence.

SUM = 20+25+30+35+40+45+50+55+60

Ans: Algorithm to find the sum of given numbers

Step 1: Start

Let sum = 20

Step 2: sum = sum + 5

Step 3: if sum < 360 then GOTO step 2 otherwise GOTO step 4

Step 4: Output

Step 5: Output

Step 6: Stop

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Q.No.6 Write an algorithm to find the product of given numbers. PRODUCT = 1x3x5x7x9x11x13x15

Ans: Algorithm to find the product of given numbers

Step 1: Start

Let product = 1 and increment = 1

Step 2: increment = increment + 2

Step 3: Product = product * increment

Step 4: if product < 2027025 then GOTO step 3 otherwise GOTO step 5

Step 5: Output

Step 6: Stop

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Q.No.7 Write an algorithm to print multiplication table of a number in reverse order.

Ans: Algorithm to find multiplication table

Step 1: Start

Let num be the number of multiplication table

i be the limit of table

Step 2: Let Product = num * i

Step 3: Print Product

Step 4: i = i – 1 if i = 0 GOTO step 5 else GOTO step 2

Step 5: Output

Step 6: Stop

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Fbise Notes-Computer-10th Class | Programming Techniques Ch.No 01 Short Questions

2019-07-20T14:14:00.000+05:00

Programming Techniques CH# 01

Questions and Answers

Short Questions

i. Define Computer.

Ans: A computer is a general-purpose electronic machine invented to help people solve various problems. Programming techniques are used for solving problems on computer.

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ii. What is algorithm and what is the role of algorithm in problem solving?

Ans: Algorithm:

Algorithm is a step-by-step problem solving method that is easy to understand and follow. It defines a sequence of operations to solve a problem.

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iii. What is flowchart?

Ans: FlowChart:

Flowchart is a diagrammatic representation of algorithm. It describes what operations are required to solve a given problem.

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iv. What are the advantages of using flowchart?

Ans: Advantages of Using Flow Chart:

1. It provides an easy way to analyze and find solutions of problem.

2. It is very helpful in communicating the problem to other people.

3. It helps in finding and removing errors in computer programs.

4. It illustrates the sequence of operations.

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Fbise Notes-Computer | Computer Security and Ethics MCQs Chapter No. 6

2019-07-20T11:33:00.003+05:00

Computer Security and Ethics CH# 06

Multiple Choice

Q. 1 Insert the correct option i.e. A/B/C/D in the empty box.

i. What is a person who illegally breaks into other's computer system called?

A. Computer Engineer B. System Programmer

C. Hacker D. Cracker

ii. What is a person who uses special tools for breaking into computer systems called?

A. Computer Engineer B. System Programmer

C. Hacker D. Cracker

iii. Which Malware spreads automatically in computer networks and replicates itself?

A. Virus B. Worm

C. Adware D. Spyware

iv. Which of the following Malware displays advertisements on the screen?

A. Virus B. Worm

C. Adware D. Spyware

v. Which of the following authentication method is used for opening security gates?

A. Username and Password B. Personal Identification Number

C. Access card D. Bio-metrics

vi. Which of the following authentication method is most reliable?

A. Username and Password B. Personal Identification Number

C. Access card D. Bio-metrics

vii. Which of the following authentication method is based on features of individuals such as face, fingerprint and voice ?

A. Username and Password B. Personal Identification Number

C. Access card D. Bio-metrics

viii. What is making illegal copies of copyright software for use on other computers or sale called?

A. Information Piracy B. Intellectual rights

C. Software Piracy D. Information Ownership

ix. Which of the following Malware gathers information about user activities on computer ?

A. Virus B. Worm

C. Adware D. Spyware

x. Which of the following authentication method is used to draw cash from ATM ?

A. Username and Password B. Personal Identification Number

C. Access card D. Bio-metrics

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