2012 Fall Semester Exam Review

2012-12-14T06:08:00.000-08:00

Directions: For each Unit’s Power Standard Objectives (TEKS), define the key terms, complete the skills (if asked), and answer the practice items #1-60. This completed Study Guide will be turned in before you take your exam on ___________, December ____.

Power Standard Objectives

TEKS 6.17C: Analyze how and why culture traits spread.

KEY TERMS

Culture traits – each kind of food, clothing, language, or religion shared by a culture

Exploration – when people move to another place to see what it is like there

Conquest – when people move to another place and take it and its people over

Trade – exchanging of goods between people

Technology – any tool that helps get a job done

Globalization – the development of a worldwide culture through the spreading of ideas and information amongst countries

PRACTICE ITEMS

~~1. The impact of European Colonialism on the continent of Africa overall was:~~

~~A. It improved the lives of all Africans.~~

B. ~~It created a division among ethnic groups.~~

~~C. It brought wealth and prosperity to Africans.~~

~~D. It created new job opportunities for Africans.~~

2. Complete the chart.

TEKS: 6.15C Analyze the similarities and differences among selected world societies.

KEY TERMS

• culture region – an area that includes different countries that share culture traits

• Judaism – a monotheistic religion founded in southwest Asia, followers read the Torah

• Christianity - a monotheistic religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ

• Islam - a monotheistic religion whose followers believe that Allah is god and Muhammed is his prophet, or religious messenger

• Hinduism – religion founded in India, followers believe in a cycle of rebirth

• Buddhism – religion founded in India by Siddharta Gautama, followers try to reach nirvana, or spiritual release

• Describe the similarities and differences among the major world religions.

PRACTICE ITEMS

3. Which of the following is a common characteristic of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?

a. The belief in more than one god

b. The belief in reincarnation

c. The belief in the Father, Son and Holy Spirit

d. The belief in the God of Abraham

4. Complete the chart

How are cultures similar?	How do cultures differ?
Obtaining Food Government Passing on information Beliefs/Traditions Nuclear Family Things/objects	How and what Food Clothing Religion Governments Size of family Language tools

TEKS 6.16: Explain how certain institutions are basic to all societies, but characteristics of these institutions may vary from one society to another.

KEY TERMS

• Government - rules and laws for a country that give it a structure

• limited - everyone, even the leaders, are expected to follow laws

· unlimited - leaders do not always follow the laws

• Economic systems – how a nations economy is set up

· traditional – people do the jobs that they always have done in their families

· command – government control of price, supply, and production

· market (free enterprise) – consumers and producers set prices based on demand and supply

• Religion – a system of spiritual beliefs and practices of a group of people

PRACTICE ITEMS

5. Which of the following countries does NOT have a democratic government?

A. Canada

B. India

Saudi Arabia

Mexico

6. Identify four economic systems.

Traditional

Market/Free Enterprise

Command

Mixed

TEKS 6.19A: Explain the relationship among religious ideas, beliefs, & cultures.

PRACTICE

7. Complete the chart:

Religion	Believers are called	Holiest City	Ways of Worship	Religious Leaders
Christianity	Christians	Bethlehem, Jerusalem	Church, prayer, sermon, read Bible	Priest, minister, pastor
Islam	Muslims	Jerusalem, Mecca, Medina	Prayer, pilgrimage, reading from Quran	Imam
Judaism	Jews	Jerusalem	Prayer, reading from Torah	Rabbi
Hinduism	Hindus	Ganges River	prayer, meditation	Guru, brahman
Buddhism	Buddhists	Bodh Gaya	Prayer, meditation	Monks

8. Complete the Venn diagram to compare two religions – Buddhism and Hinduism.

Areas of comparison/key terms can include: polytheism, monotheism, religious leaders, holy books, ritual practices, area of origin, etc.

TEKS 6.21A: Differentiate, locate, and use primary and secondary sources such as computer software, interviews, biographies, oral, print, and visual materials, and artifacts to acquire information about selected world cultures.

KEY TERMS

• Primary sources - an item made at or near the time of a historical event by someone who observed the event firsthand.

• Secondary sources - an item that provides a secondhand interpretation of an event after some time has passed.

• Biographies – a story written about someone’s life

• Artifacts – items that help geographers understand how people lived long ago

Primary Sources	Secondary Sources
A. Definition: an item made at or near the time of a historical event by someone who observed the event firsthand. 1. Usually a written record 2. Can also include visual evidence and physical objects. B. Examples: newspaper, articles, census records, letters, photographs, diaries, maps, and sound recordings	A. Definition: an item that provides a secondhand interpretation of an event after some time has passed. 1. Often based on primary sources 2. Can use other secondary sources B. Examples: history books, reference books, maps, and tables based on other sources

PRACTICE

9. Label each of the following as a primary (P) or secondary (S) source:

__P_Diary _P__Letter _S__Biography

__S_Textbook _P__Political cartoon __S_Website database

10. Which of the following would be the best resource to determine the current population of the

United States

A. Biography of President Obama

B. Dictionary

C. Map of the

United States

D. Official website of the

U.S.

government

TEKS 6.21B: Analyze information by sequencing, categorizing, identifying cause-and-effect relationships, comparing, contrasting, finding the main idea, summarizing, making generalizations and predictions, and drawing inferences and conclusions.

PRACTICE

11. Sequence - Which group of dates is arranged in correct chronological order?

a. 345 B.C. 10 B.C. 245 A.D. 1245 A.D.

b. 231 B.C. 123 A. D. 46 B.C. 1990 A.D.

c. 23 B.C. 465 B.C. 267 B.C. 389 B.C.

d. 410 A.D. 239 A.D. 145 A.D. 23 A.D.

12. Identify – What are the four factors of production?

Labor resource, human resource, natural resource, entreprenuer

13. Summarize – How do the four levels of industry affect the production of a good?

All are needed for production to occur

14. Generalization - What is a generalization that can be made based on the demographic data of Latin America?

A. Most Latin American countries are Roman Catholic.

B. Most Latin American countries speak Spanish.

C. Most Latin American countries were colonized by European countries.

D. All of the above.

15. Compare and Contrast – Compare and Contrast any 2 of the 5 religions we studied.

TEKS: 6.3 - Use maps, globes, graphs, charts, models, and databases to answer geographic questions.

SKILLS

• How do we use latitude and longitude to locate places? – how far east or west of the Prime Meridian, or how far north or south of the Equator some place is

• How are relative location and absolute location different? – RL is close to where some place is, and AL – is an exact measurement of when someplace is

• What is population density? – the average number of people living in a region

• What is a map projection? – an image of something 3-D like a globe shown on a 2-D surface, like a map

• What information is provided by a legend/key? – what the symbols and colors on a map mean

• What are the different ways the earth can be divided? – into 4 halves – Northern and Southern hemispheres, and Eastern and Western hemispheres

• How do you measure distance on a map? - map scale

• What is the difference between a map and a globe? – a map is flat and can distort the shape of the land, while a globe is round and more accurate

• What are landforms? physical features like mountains, plains, and valleys

What type of information would you gather from a chart, graph, or data base to learn about a nation’s economic status? life expectancy, literacy rate, GDP

KEY TERMS

Political and Physical maps – political has human features like boundaries and cities, while a physical shows natural features like oceans, rivers, and vegetation
thematic maps – maps that show a theme, such as population density or climate
absolute and relative location - RL - close to where some place is, and AL – is an exact measurement of when someplace is
continents – large land masses, there are 7 on earth
landforms - physical features like mountains, plains, and valleys
geographic factors – climate, vegetation, land use, landforms
hemisphere – half of the Earth
projection – image of the round Earth printed on a flat surface, it distorts the shape
scale – tools used to measure distance
compass rose – shows N, S, E, W
legend/key – see “Skills” above
equator – divides Earth in half N and S
prime meridian – divides Earth in half E and W

PRACTICE

16. The eastern part of the Roman Empire was located on which continent?

a. Europe

b. Africa

c. Asia

Spain

17. The information in the box is an example of -

Desert

Tundra

Tropical Grassland

Mediterranean

A. natural regions

B. absolute location

C. interdependence

D. landforms

18. Central America is located in which hemisphere?

A. Southern and Eastern

B. Southern and Western

C. Northern and Western

D. Northern and Eastern

TEKS 6.4A: Locate major historical and contemporary societies on maps and globes.

KEY TERMS

• Historical societies – maps showing information from long ago

• Contemporary societies – maps showing information from today

• continent – physical feature, a large land mass with countries

• country – political feature, a region with a common set of laws and history

• North America (Native Americans, Colonies, United States and

Canada

)

PRACTICE

19. What is the relative location of Europe from North America?

east

20. What present day country includes the following coordinates: 20° N, 80° E? p. 41

India

21. Which area on the map shows where

Britain

set up colonies?

a. Area 1

b. Area 2

c. Area 3

d. Area 4

TEKS 6.4B: Identify and explain the geographic factors responsible for patterns of population in places and regions.

KEY TERMS

· Transportation corridors – allow movement

· Transportation barriers – prevent movement

· Climate – pattern of weather for a region over a long period of time

· geographic factors – climate, vegetation, land use, landforms

· Five themes of geography – pg 35

o Place – What is it Iike there?

o Location – Where is it?

o Region – How does one area compare to another?

o Movement – How do people, goods, and ideas go from place to place?

o human environmental interaction – how people change their place and how it can change them

• North America’s Landforms – land use, climate, vegetation

· Rocky Mountains

· Appalachian Mountains

· Great Plains

· Canadian Shield

PRACTICE

22. Which pair of geographic factors might discourage the settlement of societies past and present?

A. Deserts, mountains

B. Plains, hills

C. Mountains, rivers

D. Plains, deserts

23. The coastlines along the countries of Peru and

Uruguay

have a high population density. What natural feature may contribute to this fact?

A. deserts

B. oceans

C. mountains

D. plateaus

24. Which country has the most metropolitan areas?

A. Chile

B. Argentina

C. Uruguay

D. Brazil

TEKS 6.5: Explain how geographic factors influence the economic development, political relationships, and policies of societies.

KEY TERMS

Imports – goods going ____, or being purchased
Exports – goods going ______, or being sold away
Natural resources: renewable/nonrenewable – materials that come from the ground, such as oil (non-renewable), or tree (renewable)

PRACTICE

Economy Trade agreement Physical barriers Transportation corridors Resources

North America is a continent with many 25 __resources___. However, it also contains mountains, deserts, and vast rivers that once formed 26 _Physical barriers_. As more and more people populated the continent, technology developed to improve movement of people and goods. One example of this is the interstate highway system in the U.S. These roads form a network of 27 _ transportation corridors __ that have grown to include Canada and Mexico, too. The growing 28 __economy_ of the region has increased the number of goods flowing through the continent as well as to other continents. One result of this growth is NAFTA, a 29 _ Trade agreement _ that promotes cooperation.

TEKS 6.7: Analyze the impact of interactions between people and the physical environment on the development of places and regions.

KEY TERMS

Irrigation – humans control the flow of water to artificially water crops
agriculture - farming

PRACTICE

30. ~~The ancient Aztec and Incan civilizations faced geographic challenges for farming, such as swamps and mountains. How were these people able to overcome these challenges?~~

~~A. Floating gardens and terrace farming~~

~~B. Irrigation canals and slash-and-burn farming~~

~~C. Hunting and gathering~~

~~D. Raising livestock and irrigation~~

31. List three developments in technology that have helped people better adapt to their environment.

TEKS 6.11A: Describe characteristics of limited and unlimited governments.

KEY TERMS

Government – rules and laws for a country that give it a structure
Limited governments – everyone, even the leaders, are expected to follow laws
unlimited governments – leaders do not always follow the laws
democracy – rule of many people, limited
monarchy – rule of one such as a king or queen

absolute - unlimited
constitutional - limited

dictatorship – rule of one who takes over using the military, unlimited
communism – govt and state own all property, unlimited
republic – citizens elect representatives to rule, limited
oligarchy – rule of a few, usually wealthy, unlimited
theocracy – rule by religious law or a religious figure, unlimited

PRACTICE

32. Which of the following is an example of unlimited government?

A. Constitutional monarchy

B. Republic

C. Democracy

D. Dictatorship

33. List three examples of each type of government listed below.

Limited Unlimited

1.democracy 1.tyranny

2.Constitutional monarchy 2.dictatorship

3.republic 3.monarchy

34. Describe the key characteristics that differentiate a limited government from an unlimited government:

Limited=constitution, rulers have to abide by same laws, individual rights

Unlimited=ruler has unlimited power to do what they want, little to no individual rights

TEKS 6.12A: Identify alternative ways of organizing governments such as rule by one, few, or many.

KEY TERMS (identify examples of forms of government)

· Rule by one—monarchy

• Rule by few—oligarchy

• Rule by many—democracy

• Direct democracy— originated in ancient Greece______________

• Republican democracy—originated in ancient __Rome_______, adopted in 1700s by ___United States_______

PRACTICE

Use the chart below to answer the question that follows.

Political System	Characteristics
Democracy	Ruled by the people Individual rights protected
Tyranny	Ruled by an individual (often a tyrant) Individual rights do not exist
Monarchy	Ruled by on (right to rule usually inherited) Individual rights do not exist
Oligarchy	Ruled by few (often family) Individual rights do not exist

35. Which of the following statements is true?

A. All political systems protect the rights of individual citizens.

B. A monarchy offers the least protection to individual citizens.

C. Citizens have the right to elect their dictator.

D. A democracy offers the greatest freedom and protection to citizens.

36. Complete the sentence:

A republic is a nation in which the power belongs to the _people__, who govern through __elected____ representatives.

37. Which of the following is an example of a democratic republic?

a. The laws for a nation are made by a dictator.

b. The laws for a nation are made by elected representatives.

c. The laws for a nation are made by the king or queen.

d. The laws for a nation are made by the wealthy.

TEKS 6.13A: Describe roles and responsibilities of citizens in selected contemporary societies including the United States.

KEY TERMS

Rights – privileges citizens automatically are entitled to
Responsibilities – duties citizens should perform to make society better
Citizen – a legal member of a community or nation
Citizenship – the act of being a legal member of a community or nation
Patriotism – showing love for one’s country
political process – the legal activities that a person does to help the town, state, nation
U.S. Constitution – 1787, written document that outlines the US plan for govt and laws
Bill of Rights – added in 1791, protects citizens rights from being taken away by govt
Identify the rights of being a U.S. citizen. see Ch 4.1, 4.2

Freedom of religion, speech, press; right to bear arms; right to a speedy trial; right to not testify against oneself; right to trial by jury

Identify the responsibilities of a U.S. citizen. see p. 91

Pay taxes, cast an informed vote, serve on a jury when asked, serve in military if called upon to do so, community serve, obey laws

PRACTICE

38. Citizens of the

United States

are required to pay taxes. This is an example of a:

A. Responsibility

B. Right

C. Service

D. Tradition

39. An adult citizen of the

U.S.

has the right to participate in the following activities except

A. military service

B. printing money

C. voting in election

D. running for office

40. Name 3 of the 6 responsibilities of being a

U.S.

citizen. Describe the importance of each action.

TEKS 6.8 B: Identify and differentiate among traditional, market, and command economies in selected contemporary societies, including the benefits of the U.S. free enterprise system.

KEY TERMS

traditional – people do the jobs that they always have done in their families
command – government control of price, supply, and production
market (free enterprise) – consumers & producers set prices based on demand & supply
economic indicators – what economists use to measure whether a country has a developed economy, undeveloped, or developing

GDP – gross domestic product, or how much a nation sells during a year
literacy rates – number of people who can read
mortality rates – number of people who die in a year
life expectancy – how long people are expected to live

PRACTICE

41. Identify the economic system based on its characteristics:

__Traditional____

Determined by social and cultural customs

Allocation of resources, goods, and services may be determined by local leaders.

___Command_______

Government control of resources, production, and pricing

___Market/Free Enterprise___

Supply and demand determines price and production.

There is very little government intervention.

Entrepreneurship is encouraged.

42. What is the main difference between a command and market economy?

A. Supply and demand

B. Competition between businesses

C. Government control of production

D. Availability of natural resources

43. What are the benefits of a free-enterprise/market system?

Possible increased profit for entrepreneur

High quality because of competition

Low price because of competition

TEKS 6.9 A: Describe ways in which factors of production (natural resources, labor, capital, and entrepreneurs) influence the economies of selected contemporary societies.

KEY TERMS

Factors of production – the 4 ingredients that go into the production of a good; a change in supply or price of one can affect the others and the total price of the good
natural resources – the raw materials used in a product
labor resources – the work people do to make a product
capital resources – the tools and technology used to put the product together
entrepreneur – the idea person who puts it all together
supply – the amount of a product for sale
demand – how much people want the product
competition – when producers go against each other to sell a product faster, or when consumers go against each other to see who can buy a product cheaper
scarcity – not enough of
abundance – a lot of
trade – exchange of goods between people or nations

PRACTICE

44. Which of the following is MOST likely to cause the price of a taco to increase?

A. The wages of the workers at the restaurant go down.

B. A new taco stand opens across the street.

C. The cost of beef, lettuce, and tomatoes goes up.

D. Other restaurants lower their price of tacos.

45. What are the four factors of production? Draw an example for each.

Human resources	Natural resources
Capital resources	Entrepreneur

TEKS 6.10A: Define and give examples of primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary industries.

KEY TERMS

Primary – taking of raw materials from the ground
Secondary – making those raw materials into a product at a factory
Tertiary – selling those products in a store or business
Quaternary – passing on information to the other industries about a product
Interdependence – relying on one another
Distribution – the spreading around of something
Industry – making something

PRACTICE

46. What are the four types of industries?

• What are examples of the different types of industries?

Industry	Example
Primary/agricultural	Farming, mining, logging, fishing, oil rigging
Secondary/manufacturing	Refining gasoline, making paper, clothes, etc.
Tertiary/Retail, Wholesale, Service	Stores, gas station, lawn services, hairdresser, mechanics
Quaternary/research	Universities, marketing, media outlets

47. Write the type of industry (P,S,T,Q) for each example listed below.

a. Target T b. Wells Fargo Bank T

c. Imperial Sugar Factory S d. Coal Mine P

e. Shell Gas Station T f. Research Survey Q

g. Crash Test Dummy Facility Q h. College Q

i. Farmer P j. Dow Chemical Company S,T,Q

TEKS: 6.3 Use maps, globes, graphs, charts, models, and databases to answer geographic questions.

PRACTICE

48. In what hemispheres are the US and

Canada

found?

A. Southern and Eastern

B. Southern and Western

C. Northern and Western

D. Northern and Eastern

49. Label the US and

CANADA

on the world map:

Canada

TEKS 6.4A: Locate major historical and contemporary societies on maps and globes.

PRACTICE

50. Make a Key and Shade the regions in North America where the British, French, and Spanish set up colonies.

British = eastern

French = Central

Spanish = southwestern

TEKS 6.4B: Identify and explain the geographic factors responsible for patterns of population in places and regions.

PRACTICE

51. On the 2 maps below, shade where most of the people in those countries live.

(Near ocean/water)

52. Give 2 geographic factors for each explaining why people live there.

Climate, water resources

TEKS 6.11A: Describe characteristics of limited and unlimited governments.

PRACTICE

53. The United States relies on a code of laws for government. Our code is called the

Constitution. This type of rule is called __________.

A. limited government

B. anarchy

C. unlimited government

D. oligarchy

54. What is the difference between limited and unlimited government?

a. In an unlimited government citizens are a part of the political process. In a limited government citizens are not part of the political process

b. In a limited government laws must be followed by leaders and in a unlimited government leaders do not have to follow the laws.

c. Various forms of limited and unlimited government are different among world societies and it is the decision of that country on the form of government they will use.

TEKS 6.12A: Identify alternative ways of organizing governments such as rule by one, few, or many.

PRACTICE

55. Gatesland is a make-believe country with a population of 100,000 people. Laws

are made and issues decided by a group of 100 of the wealthiest people in Gatesland. This type of government is an example of __________.

A. democracy

B. monarchy

C. oligarchy

D. dictatorship

56. Smithland is a make-believe country with a population of about 100,000 people and about 100 communities. Each year every community holds an election in which they elect one person to represent them in the Smithland government. This is an example of __________. A. representation and oligarchy

B. dictatorship

C. monarchy

D. representative democracy

TEKS 6.13A: Describe roles and responsibilities of citizens in selected contemporary societies including the United States.

PRACTICE

57. and 58.

Pay Taxes

Obey laws

Serve on jury

Serve on military

Community service

Participate in the political process

Cast informed vote

TEKS 6.16: Explain how certain institutions are basic to all societies, but characteristics of these institutions may vary from one society to another.

PRACTICE

59. Complete the diagram that sets up the organization and structure of the

United States

government.

GOVERNMENT TREE

Separation of powers

Judicial

Executive

Legislative

Interpret laws

Enforce laws

Make laws

courts

President, VP, cabinet

Congress

House of Rep.

Senate

Checks and balances

TEKS 6.4A: Locate major historical and contemporary societies on maps and globes.

PRACTICE

60a. The US declared its independence in _1776________.

60b. Label the 2 letter abbreviations of the 13 colonies/first 13 states on the map.

New Hampshire

Pennsylvania

Georgia

Virginia

S.Carolina

N.Carolina

Maryland

Delaware

Conn

Mass.

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