ENERGY INDIA

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We are a specialist medium-sized company, providing independent Energy, Environment and Power System Consultancy from concept to commissioning services. Our ranges of services are independent, impartial and confidential, and we assisted a client in reducing their production cost by 15-20% by adopting suitable energy savings method on individual case study. We have wide experience in study and implementation of production process, resource development, and performance/productivity enhancement. Similar activity is already implemented in some renowned MSME Sector, Large Industries, Etc.
.
We have enclosed a short briefing of our company detailing our activities and industry sectors.

We are looking forward to your favorable consideration on this matter to save power and considerable reduction in power bill. Should you have any questions and/or concerns, please feel free to contact us.

Thanks & Regards
Energy India
BEE Certified ESCO Empaneled Organizatio
T.K.Guha, (9830105553)
| Energy-Audit and Conservation |
|Manufaturer- |HARMONIC FILTERS |POWER FACTOR CORRECTION APFC PANEL/ SOLAR PANEL.

1, British Indian Street,
Main Block, 1st. Floor, Room No. 103
Kolkata-700 069.
Ph. (033) 2231 3391; Mobiles: 98301 05553,
E.mail: energy.india1@gmail.com

About Solar Power

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A photovoltaic module is a packaged interconnected assembly of solar cells:-

A single photovoltaic module can only produce a limited amount of power, many installations contain several modules or panels and this is known as a photovoltaic array:-

• The modules in a PV array are usually first connected in series to obtain
the desired Voltage
• The individual strings are then connected in parallel to allow the system to
produce more current

Institutional consumers are allowed to inject electricity into Distribution
System on net metering basis from roof-top Solar PV sources of capacity ranging
from 2 KW (peak) to 100 KW (peak) by West Bengal Electricity Regulatory
Commission. Excess injected energy (>90%), if any, in a month is carried over to
the next billing period (within the financial year). However, injection is limited to
90% of consumption from licensee in a financial year

REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT

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Automatic Power Factor Controllers

Various types of automatic power factor controls are available with relay / microprocessor
logic. Two of the most common controls are: Voltage Control and kVAr Control

Voltage Control

Voltage alone can be used as a source of intelligence when the switched capacitors are
applied at point where the circuit voltage decreases as circuit load increases. Generally, where
they are applied the voltage should decrease as circuit load increases and the drop in voltage
should be around 4 – 5 % with increasing load.
Voltage is the most common type of intelligence used in substation applications, when
maintaining a particular voltage is of prime importance. This type of control is independent of
load cycle. During light load time and low source voltage, this may give leading PF at the substation,
which is to be taken note of.

KVAR Control

Kilovar sensitive controls are used at locationswhere the voltage level isclosely regulated and not available as a control variable. The capacitors can be switched to respond to a decreasing power factor as a result of change in system loading. This type of control can also be used to avoid penalty on low power factor by adding capacitors in steps as the system power factor begins to lag behind the desired value. Kilovar control requires two inputs - current and voltage from the incoming feeder, which are fed to the PF correction mechanism, either the microprocessor or the relay.

Automatic Power Factor Control Relay

It controls the power factor of the installation by giving signals to switch on or off power factor
correction capacitors. Relay is the brain of control circuit and needs contactors of appropriate
rating for switching on/off the capacitors.
There is a built-in power factor transducer, which measures the power factor of
the installation and converts it to a DC voltage of appropriate polarity. This is compared with
a reference voltage, which can be set by means of a knob calibrated in terms of power factor.

When the power factor falls below setting, the capacitors are switched on in sequence. The
relays are provided with First in First out (FIFO) and First in Last Out (FILO) sequence. The
capacitors controlled by the relay must be of the same rating and they are switched on/off in linear
sequence. To prevent over correction hunting, a dead band is provided. This setting determines
the range of phase angle over which the relay does not respond; only when the PF goes
beyond this range, the relay acts. When the load is low, the effect of the capacitors is more pronounced
and may lead to hunting. Under current blocking (low current cut out) shuts off the
relay, switching off all capacitors one by one in sequence, when load current is below setting.
Special timing sequences ensure that capacitors are fully discharged before they are switched
in. This avoids dangerous over voltage transient. The solid state indicating lamps (LEDS) display
various functions that the operator should know and also and indicate each capacitor
switching stage.

Intelligent Power Factor Controller (IPFC)

This controller determines the rating of capacitance connected in each step during the first hour
of its operation and stores them in memory. Based on this measurement, the IPFC switches on
the most appropriate steps, thus eliminating the hunting problems normally associated with
capacitor switching.

Working Industries

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