HTML codes & CCNA 640 - 802

Configuration of DHCP Server (Server 2003)

2011-07-18T20:25:00.002+05:30

-: Configuring DHCP Server:-
-:Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol:-

Step:-1 Insatall server 2003 OS

Step:-2 Install Package

Start >> control pannel >> add and remove >> add and remove windows component >> Select network Services >> details >> select and (√) dhcp >> OK >> next >>insert CD of Server 2003 >> Finish

Step:-3 Start >> Administrative tools >> dhcp >> d/c on Example.com >>r/c example.com >> New Scope >> Next >> Next >> Name “xyz” >> Orgnization Name “abc” >> Next >> Start IP “192.168.0.1” >> End IP “192.168.0.254” >> Next >> IP That not distribute start Ip “192.168.0.1” >> End IP “192.168.0.110” >> Add >> Next >> Next >> Next >> Default IP Add. “192.168.0.1” >> Add >> Next >> parents domain name “paste your computer name ” >> Server Name “paste your computer name ” >> resolve >> Add >> Next Server Name “paste your computer name ” >> resolve >> Add >> Next >> Next >> Finish

Step:-4 R/c on Scope >> Properties >> Advance >> (√) both >> OK

Step:-5 R/C on Server Option >> Configuration Option >> Advanced >> (√) Bootfile Name >> (√) Boot Server Host Name >> Apply >> OK

Step:-6 R/C on Domain Name >> Authrised >> R/C on Domain Name >> Refresh

Step:-7 Go to Client PC and left IP in Autometic Mode

Step:-8 Run >> cmd >> <enter> >> ipconfig >> ipconfig /release >> ipconfig /renew

****************** Finish********************

Configuration of DNS Server (Server 2003)

2011-06-22T23:19:00.004+05:30

-:Configuring DNS Server :-

-:Domain name System:-

1. The DNS is the system by which all Internet service addresses are created, maintained, and used.

2. The DNS translates Internet domain and host names to IP addresses. DNS automatically converts the names we type in our Web browser address bar to the IP addresses of Web servers hosting those sites.

3. The Domain Name System, or DNS, was implemented by ARPAnet in 1984, and is managed by InterNIC

Step:-1 Start >> administrative tools >> active directory user and computer >> d/c example.com >> d/c user >> r/c in blank space >> new >> user >> first user name “xyz” user logon name “xyz” >> next >> password “123@net” >> (√) user control change password >> (√) password never expire >> next >> finish

Step:-2 Start >> administrative tools >> active directory user and computer >> d/c example.com >> d/c user >> select “xyz” and r/c >> properties >> profile >> profile path \\192.168.0.1\xyz >> apply >> member of >> add >> advance >> find now >> select “administrator” >> OK >> OK >> OK >>OK

Step:-3 Create a folder and rename with “xyz” and share it with full permission.

Step:-4 Start >> administrative tools >> domain controller and security police >> local polocies >> user right assignment >> allow log on localy >> add user ad group >> browse >> advance >> find >> now >> select user “xyz” >> OK >> OK >> OK >> OK

Step:-5 Log off your system and log on through user “xyz” and again log off your system and log on through administrator

Step:-6 Check folder “xyz” you have some data in it then right

Step:-7 Now Go to client pc and r/c on My computer >> properties >> compuer name >> change >> computer name “user01” >> domain name “example” >> more “com” >> OK >> OK >> username “administrator” >> Password “123@net” >> OK >> OK >> Restart

Step:- 7 Log on through Administrator and again log off >> and log on through user “xyz” >> option >> select “example.com” >> password “123@net”

*********************Finish************************

Installation of Active Directly ( Server 2003)

2011-06-22T22:54:00.000+05:30

-:Installing Active Directory:-

Step:-1 Install Server2003 operating System

Step:-2 Install IP=192.168.0.1 SM=255.255.255.0 DG=192.168.0.1 DNS=192.168.0.1

Step:-3 Start >> Run >> dcpromo >> next >> next >> next >> Domain name “example.com” >> next >>next >>next >>next >>next >>Password“123@net” >>next >>next >>finish >> reboot

CCNA -: WAN TOPOLOGY:-

2011-04-21T08:53:00.004+05:30

-: WAN TOPOLOGY:-

ISDN :- Integrate Service Digital Network.
         1. This line use Copper Line Data Communication.
   2. ISDN is an example Circuit Switching Network.
         3. ISDN use two types of Channel B&D Channel.
             - The Channel B is use for Voice, Video & Data.
             - The Channel D is use for Data controlling.
   B Channel Will be 64KBPS and D Channel will be 16KBPS & 64KBPS.( Depend on ISDN line.)
         Maximum speed ISDN line support 16 KBPS.
   4. ISDN Provides two types of line -
i. BRI (Basic Rate Interface) - Line Use for home purpose.
ii. PRI (Primary Rate Interface) - Line use for commercial purpose.

CCNA -: VLAN & VTP .:-

2011-03-21T18:30:00.004+05:30

-: VLAN:-

Togging: - This is trademark of VLAN, Let we have VLAN them for define all VLAN. We give togging.

EX:- VLAN – 1 - by default

VLAN – 2 -

VLAN – 3 - togging no.

Switch#show vlan

Switch(config)#vlan 10

Switch(config)#name sales

Switch(config)#exit

Switch#show vlan

How to use VLAN?

Firstly we connect two pc from CISCO switch from eth0/3 and give the ip address on both pc same IP address scheme then both pc ping each other without any problem.

Now we want both pc will not ping each other.
So we will create VLAN on CISCO Switch.

VLAN: - VLAN stands for Virtual LAN its utility that use for safe IP address for waisting.

In this situation pc will be ping normally.

Switch(config)#interface F0/2

Switch(config)#switch port access vlan10

Switch(config)#no shutdown

Switch(config)#exit

Switch#wr

Now in this situation PC – A & PC – B cannot ping each other.

-: VTP:-

VTP stands for Virtual Trunking Protocol: - In this practical we create VLAN other client switch at the one location.

-: Switch 1:-

S₁(config)#vtp mode server

S₁(config)#vtp domain hcl.com

S₁(config)#int F_0/11

S₁(config)# switchport mode trunk

S₁(config)#no shutdown

S₁(config)#exit

S₁(config)#int F_0/2

S₁(config)#switchport mode trunk

S₁(config)#no shutdown

S₁(config)#exit

Switch1#show vtp status

-: Switch 2:-

S₂(config)#vtp mode client

S₂(config)#vtp domain hcl

S₂(config)#int F_0/11

S₂(config)#switchport mode trunk

S₂(config)#no shutdown

S₂(config)#exit

Switch₂#show vtp status

-: Switch 3:-

S₃(config)#vtp mode client

S₃(config)#vtp domain hcl

S₃(config)#int F_0/1

S₃(config)#swticport mode trunk

S₃(config)#no shutdown

S₃(config)#exit

Swich₃#show vtp status

-: Switch 1:-

S₁(config)#vlan 10

S₁(config)#vlan 20

Port no 11 will be in VLAN 10

S₁(config)#int F_0/11

S₁(config)#switchport access vlan 10

S₁(config)#no shutdown

PC – 1 ping 10.10.10.1

ping 10.10.10.1

-: How to configure VTP client and Server:-

VTP(VLAN Trunking Protocol) is the protocol that propagate the information about which VLAN’s, exit from one switch to another switch. If VTP did not provide this information VLAN’s would have to be created on all switch individually in the network VTP is CISCO Propriety. The default mode of a switch is configuring as VTP Server in any case. The Server services are turned off.

-:Use following command to turn it back on as VTP Server:-

Switch#vlan database

Switch(vlan)#vtp server

Switch(vlan)#exit

First create multiple VLAN with name assign multiple ports to them. Then create 802.1q trunk link between the two switches to allow communication between VLAN.

-: VTP client and server configuration:-

-: How to create VLAN:-

First enter global configuration mode to run the following command.

-: How to create VLAN₂ & VLAN₃ on a switch A:-

VTP Server:-

Switch(config)#vlan2 - defining VLAN2

Switch(config)#vlan2 name<marketing>

Switch(config)#vlan3

Switch(config)#vlan3 name<management>

Switch(config)#exit

Switch#exit

Now assign the port2 and 3 to VLAN2. It must be done from the interface mode. Enter the following command to add port2 and 3 to VLAN2.

Switch(config)#int F_o/2

Switch(config)#switchprt access vlan2

Switch(config)#exit

Switch(config)#int F_0/3

Switch(config)#switchport access vlan2

Switch(config)#exit

Now assign the port 4 & 5 to VLAN3. Enter the following commands to add port 4 & 5 to VLAN3.

Switch(config)#int F_0/4

Switch(config)#switchport access vlan3

Switch(config)#exit

Switch(config)#int F_0/5

Switch(config)#switchport access vlan3

Switch(config)#exit

-: Configuration of VTP client on Switch B:-

Switch#vlan database

Switch#vtp client

Switch#vtp domain group1

Switch#exit

Trunking with 802.1q:-

Now create 802.1q trunk link between the two switches to allow communication between VLAN. On both switch (switch A & switch B). Type the following command with 802.1q at the fast Ethernet 0/1 interface.

SwitchA#int F_0/1

SwitchA(config)#switchport mode trunk

SwitchA(config)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot 1q

SwitchA(config)#exit

SwitchA#int F_0/1

SwitchB(config)#switchport mode trunk

SwitchB(config)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot 1q

SwitchB(config)#exit

SwitchB#int F_0/2

SwitchB(config)#switchport access vlan2

SwitchB(config)#exit

SwitchB#int F_0/3

SwitchB(config)#switchport access vlan2

SwitchB(config)#exit

SwitchB#int F_0/4

SwitchB(config)#switchport access vlan3

SwitchB(config)#exit

SwitchB#int F_0/5

SwitchB(config)#switchport access vlan3

SwitchB(config)#exit

CCNA -: How to Break Password for a Router .:-

2011-03-16T20:05:00.001+05:30

-: How to Break Password:-

Router(config)#line consol 0

Router(config)#password class

For user mode password

Router(config-line)#login

Router(config-line)#exit

Router(config)#enable password class

For privilege mode password

Router(config)#exit

Router#exit

Router>exit

Give the password for user mode then you can enter in this mode. Let we will forget our password then

Solution: - Now stop router and again start when router and again start when router will start loading # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #

Then press Alt+Pause Breaks

We get:- rommon 1>config OX2142

rommon 1>reset

would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog - ?

[Yes/No] No

We get:- Router>

Router(config)#config register OX2102

Router#reload

Yes

After reload you can’t need any password.

CCNA :- CREATE DHCP ON ROUTER:-

2011-02-16T13:39:00.002+05:30

-: CREATE DHCP ON ROUTER:-

ROUTER – 0

Router>enable

Router#conf terminal

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Router(config-if)#no sh

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router ospf 100

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#

Router(config)#ip dhcp pool getworld

Router(dhcp-config)#network 1.0.0.0 255.0.0.0

Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 1.0.0.254

Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 1.0.0.1

Router(dhcp-config)#exit

Router(config)#^Z

Router#wr

Router#show ip dhcp binding

IP address Client-ID/ Lease expiration Type

Hardware address

1.0.0.2 00E0.F984.DD79 -- Automatic

1.0.0.3 0040.0B06.37C4 -- Automatic

1.0.0.4 0030.F27A.B4DB -- Automatic

Router#

ROUTER – 1

Router#enable

Router#conf terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#int fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 2.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router ospf 100

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#

Router#conf terminal

Router(config)#ip dhcp pool getworld

Router(dhcp-config)#network 2.0.0.0 255.0.0.0

Router(dhcp-config)#dns-server 2.0.0.254

Router(dhcp-config)#default-router 2.0.0.1

Router(dhcp-config)#exit

Router(config)#exit

Router#wr

Router#show ip dhcp binding

IP address Client-ID/ Lease expiration Type

Hardware address

2.0.0.2 000D.BDC3.CBB0 -- Automatic

2.0.0.3 00D0.BA43.CCB3 -- Automatic

2.0.0.4 0040.0B6C.BBDB -- Automatic

Router#

Configure Router with RIP Protocol:-

2011-02-16T13:32:00.000+05:30

-: RIP PROTOCOL:-

Router>enable

Router#conf t

Router(config)#intterface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Router(config-if)#no sh

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router rip

Router(config-router)#version 1

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#show ip route

C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

R 2.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:12, Serial2/0

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Router#

ROUTER – 1

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 2.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router rip

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#show ip route

R 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 10.0.0.1, 00:00:28, Serial2/0

C 2.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Router#

Configure Router with OSPF Protocol:-

2011-02-04T06:42:00.000+05:30

-: OSPF PROTOCOL:-

ROUTER – O

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Router(config-if)#bandwidth 56

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router ospf 100

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#show ip route

C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

O 2.0.0.0/8 [110/1786] via 10.0.0.2, 00:04:13, Serial2/0

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Router#

ROUTER – 1

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 2.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router ospf 10

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#show ip route

O 1.0.0.0/8 [110/782] via 10.0.0.1, 00:02:28, Serial2/0

C 2.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Router#

Configure Router with EIGRP Protocol:-

2011-02-04T06:29:00.001+05:30

-: EIGRP PROTOCOL:-

ROUTER – O:-

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 1.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000

Router(config-if)#bandwidth 56

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router eigrp 100

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#show ip route

C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/46228736] via 10.0.0.2, 00:01:14, Serial2/0

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Router#

ROUTER – 1:-

Router>enable

Router#configure terminal

Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 2.0.0.1 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#interface serial 2/0

Router(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0

Router(config-if)#no shut

Router(config-if)#exit

Router(config)#router eigrp 100

Router(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#network 2.0.0.0

Router(config-router)#^Z

Router#show ip route

D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/20514560] via 10.0.0.1, 00:26:03, Serial2/0

C 2.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Serial2/0

Router#

CCNA About Administrator functions:-

2011-02-01T13:48:00.001+05:30

-: Administrative Functions:-

The Administrator functions that you can configure on a router and switch are:-

- Host Names

- Banners

- Interface Descriptions

Host Names:-

- router(config)#hostnameftodd

- todd(config)#

Description:-

- Atlanta(config)#intfe0

- Atlanta(config – if)#description sales LAN

-: Banner:-

A Banner is more than just little cool one very good reason for having a Banner is to give any & all who dare attempt to Telnet or Dial into your Inter work a little security notice and we can create a Banner to give anyone who shows up on the router exactly the information. We want them to have, make sure we will familiar with these four available Banner type:-

- Exec process creation Banner

- Incoming Terminal Line Banner

- Login Banner

- Message of the Day Banner

For Example:-

-1. Line C Banner – Text c, where ‘c’ a delimiting character.

-2. Exec Set Exec process creation Banner.

-3. Incoming Set Incoming Line Banner.

-4. Login Set Login Banner.

- 5. MOTD Set Message of the Day Banner.

-6. Prompt – timeout Set Message for login Authentication timeout.

-7. SLIP – PPP Set Message for SLIP/PPP.

Message of the Day (MOTD) is the most extensible used Banner. It gives a message to every person Dialling into or connecting to the router via Telnet or an Auxiliary port, or even through a console port as seen here:-

Kuldeep(config)#bannerfmotdf?

Kuldeep(config)#bannerfmotdf#getybacchas.blogspot.com Network, then you must disconnect Immediately.

Kuldeep(config)# ^Z

Kuldeep(config)#exit

Kuldeep#exit

Router Con0 is now available

Press Return to get started

The preceding MOTD Banner essentially tells anyone connecting to the router to get lost if they are not on the quest list! The part to understand is the delimiting character – the thing that used to tell the router. When the message is done, we can use any character. We want for it, but we can’t use the delimiting character in the message is complete press enter, then the delimiting character and then enter again. It’ll still work it we don’t do that but it we have more than one Banner, they’ll be combined as one message and put on a single line as shown.

Kuldeep(config)#bannerfmotdfxfunathorizedfaccessfprohibited!fx

The Example will work just fine, but if we add another MOTD Banner message, they would end up on a single line.

CCNA About Cabling:-

2011-02-01T13:25:00.005+05:30

-: Ethernet Cabling:-

Ethernet Cabling is an important discussion especially if you are planning on taking the CISCO exams.

Three types of Ethernet Cables are available:-

- Straight – Through Cable

- Crossover Cable

- Rolled Cable

We will look at each in the following sections:-

-: Straight Through:-

The Straight – Through cable is used to connect

- Host to Switch or Hub

- Router to Switch or Hub

Hub/Switch Host

1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1

2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2

3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3

6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6

-: Cross Over Cable:-

The Crossover Cable can be used to connect:-

- Switch to Switch

- Hub to Hub

- Hub to Switch

- Router direct to Host

Hub/Switch Hub/Switch

1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

-: Rolled Cable:-

Although Rolled Cable isn’t used to connect any Ethernet connections together, you can use a Rolled Ethernet Cable to connect a host to a Router console serial communication (com) port.

Host Router/Switch

1 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

2 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7

3 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

4 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

5 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

6 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

7 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

8 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

CCNA About Layerd Models:-

2011-01-31T20:12:00.002+05:30

-: Layered Models:-

The Layered Approach:-

- A reference model is a conceptual blue print of how communication should take place.

- It Address all the processes required for effective communication and devices these processes into logical groupings called layers.

- When a communication system is designed in this manner, It’s known as layered architecture.

-: The OSI Model:-

- The OSI isn’t a physical model. Rather it’s a set of guide line that application developers can use to create and implement applications that run on a network.

- It also provides a framework for creating and implementing networking standards, devices and internetworking schemes.

-: The Upper Layer :-

7. Application - Provides user interface.

6. Presentation - (i) Present Data.

- (ii) Handles Processing such as encryption.

5. Session - Keeps different Application’s data.

-: The Lawyer Layer :-

4. Transport - (i) Provides reliable or unreliable delivery.

- (ii) Performs error correction before retransmit.

3. Network - Provides logical addressing which routers use for path Determination.

2. Data Link - (i) Combines packets into bytes, and bytes into frames,

- (ii) Provides access to media using MAC address

- (iii) Performs error detection not correction.

1. Physical - (i) Moves bits between devices

- (ii) Specifies voltage, Write speed and pin out of cable.

-: The Layer Functions:-

7. Application - File Print, Message, Data Base and Application services.

6. Presentation - Data encryption, Compression and Translation service.

5. Session - Dialog Control.

4. Transport - End to End Connection

3. Network - Routing

2. Data Link - Framing

1. Physical - Physical Topology

CCNA - About Internetworking Basics

2011-01-31T15:10:00.000+05:30

-: Internetworking Basics:-

Here’s A list of some of the things that commonly cause LAN traffic congestion:-

- Too many hosts in a broadcast Domain.

- Broadband Storms.

- Multicasting.

- Low Bandwidth.

- Adding hubs for connectivity to the network.

- A Bunch of ARP or IPX traffic (IPX is a Novell protocol that is such as IP, But really chatty. Typically not used today’s networks.)

There are two advantage of using routers in your network:-

- They don’t forward broadcast by default.

- They can filter the network based on layer3 (Network Layer) information (e.g. IP address).

Four Router Functions in your Network can be listed as follows:-

- Packet Switching

- Packet Filtering

- Internetwork Communication

- Path Selection

CCNA ( -: Router Mode:- )

2011-01-31T14:54:00.001+05:30

-: Router Mode:-

-1. Interface mode/user mode To routing information

-2. Privilege mode/Addministrator To trouble shooting

-3. Configuration mode/Globlization mode To add the commands

- : MODE:-

1. Router> It is a user mode.

2. Router> enable

3. Router# It is privilege mode.

4. Router#configure terminal

5. Router(config) # It is a Global mode

6. Router(config) #exit

To come out from mode one by one.

CCNA ( -: Router:- )

2011-01-31T14:40:00.007+05:30

-: Router:-

Hardware Component in Router:-

CPU
-RAM Running data/online process
-NVRAM As a Hard Disk
-ROM BIOS chip
LOGIC BOARD
INTERFACE PORTS
-SMPS To AC power supply

Types of Interface ports:-

-Serial Port To connnect Router to Router
-Ethernet/FastEthernet To send rate 1-100MBPS/100-1000 MBPS
-Auxilary Port To WAN
-BRI/PRI Port To ISDN Line
-Console Port PC to Router & Router to PC
-Power Port To AC Power Supply

Types of Router:-

-Fix Under 2500 Series
-Modular External 2600 Series
-MPLS To Multicasting & Security Purpose.

CCNA ( -: Protocol:- )

2011-01-31T14:36:00.000+05:30

-: Protocol:-

1. RIP (Routing Information Protocol):- RIP is an entire gateway protocol that manages the exchange of routing table information among routes. RIP unable router to exchange their routing table at a free defines internal.

This way is efficient & way to replaced by the Open Shortest Path First protocol. Which updates the routing table only then network change occurred. The RIP is a distance vector protocol that is defined in two versions. That is Version₁& Version₂.

2. IGRP (Interior Gateway Routing Protocol):- IGRP is distance vector routes protocol. This implies, that is router sends all or a part of routing table in a routing message update.

3. EIGRP (Enhance Interior Gateway Routing Protocol):- Host Introduce as an improvement to IGRP. EIGRP host created using IGRP as the base & adding additional function to IGRP.

4. OSPF (Open Shortest Path First):- The OSPF is a link state routing protocol use to handle routing for internet protocol transmission. A link state routing protocol update in routing table on. Then network changes occur router at a free define interval.

5. CHSAP (Challenge Hand Shake Authentication Protocol):- CHSAP is used to establish secure communication between router server & node. Servers send a challenge to the node.

CCNA ( -: Routes:- )

2011-01-31T14:34:00.000+05:30

-: Routes:-

Static Routes:- Static Routes are the router that administrator manually enter in routing Table. These routes define the IP address of Router. That is the next lap of data packets. Static Routes can’t adjust to network change.

For Example:- If A Router or an interface suddenly fail. The router can’t work. Then we use

Temporary corruption. Such as dial up network use static routes.

Dynamic Routes:- The Router automatically collect the route from the network & store in it. The routing Table, these are all dynamic routes.

Default routes:- Every router required a default route to which it can send data package. If name of the router are available in routing table. The default can be manually entered in the routing table or the router dynamic configure it. Default routes unable, the router to send the data packets to an interface that is not a local segment.

Here is Some Example of Tag Define & Usage

2011-01-06T20:26:00.000+05:30

1.<!-->

Example

An HTML comment:

<p>This is a paragraph.</p

Usage :-

The comment tag is used to insert a comment in the source code

2.<!DOCTYPE>

Example

An HTML document with a doctype of XHTML 1.0 Transitional:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.getybacchas.blogspot.com/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of the document</title>
</head>

<body>
The content of the document......
</body>

</html>

Usage:-

The doctype declaration should be the very first thing in an HTML document, before the <html> tag.

3.<a>

Example

A link to getybacchas.blogspot.com:

<a href="http://www.getybacchas.blogspot.com">Visit richajain378.blogspot.com!</a>

Usage:-

The <a> tag defines an anchor. An anchor can be used in two ways:

To create a link to another document, by using the href attribute
To create a bookmark inside a document, by using the name attribute

The a element is usually referred to as a link or a hyperlink.

4.<abbr>

Example

An abbreviation is marked up as follows:

The <abbr title="World Health Organization">WHO</abbr> was founded in 1948.

Usage:-

The <abbr> tag describes an abbreviated phrase.

5.<acronym>

Example

An acronym is marked up as follows:

Can I get this <acronym title="as soon as possible">ASAP</acronym>?

Usage:-

The <acronym> tag defines an acronym.

6.<address>

Example

Contact information for richajain378.blogspot.com:

<address>
Written by getybacchas.blogspot.com<br />
<a href="mailto:kuldeepbachchas@gmail.com">Email us</a><br />
Address: Sec-130, Noida<br />
Phone: +919958xxxxxxxx
</address>

Usage:-

The <address> tag defines the contact information for the author or owner of a document. This way, the reader is able to contact the document's owner.
The address element is usually added to the header or footer of a webpage.

7.<applet>

Example

An embedded Java applet:

<applet code="Bubbles.class" width="350" height="350">
Java applet that draws animated bubbles.
</applet>

Usage:-

The <applet> tag defines an embedded applet.

8.<area>

Example

An image-map, with clickable areas:

Usage:-

The <area> tag defines an area inside an image-map (an image-map is an image with clickable areas). The area element is always nested inside a <map> tag.

9.<b>

Example

Format text in a document:

<tt>Teletype text</tt>
<i>Italic text</i>
<b>Bold text</b>
<big>Big text</big>
<small>Small text</small>

Usage:-

The <tt>, <i>, <b>, <big>, and <small> tags are all font-style tags. They are not deprecated, but it is possible to achieve richer effect with CSS.

10.<base>

Example

Specify a default URL and a default target for all links on a page:

<head>
<base href="http://www.getybacchas.blogspot.com/blogspot/" />
<base target="_blank" />
</head>

<body>
<img src="HTML Code.gif" />
<a href="http://www.richajain378.blgospot.com">Shine India</a>
</body>

Usage:-

The <base> tag specifies a default address or a default target for all links on a page.
The <base> tag goes inside the head element.

11.<basefont>

Example

Specify a default font-color and font-size for text on page:

<head>
<basefont color="red" size="5" />
</head>

<body>
<h1>This is a header</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
</body>

Usage:-

The <basefont> tag specifies a default font-color, font-size, or font-family for all the text in a document.

List 2:- Tag define & Description

2011-01-06T19:32:00.002+05:30

List No.2 for Tag & Desription:-

Tag

Description

Formatting
<acronym>	Defines an acronym
<abbr>	Defines an abbreviation
<address>	Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document
<b>	Defines bold text
<bdo>	Defines the text direction
<big>	Defines big text
<blockquote>	Defines a long quotation
<center>	Deprecated. Defines centered text
<cite>	Defines a citation
<code>	Defines computer code text
<del>	Defines deleted text
<dfn>	Defines a definition term
<em>	Defines emphasized text
<font>	Deprecated. Defines font, color, and size for text
<i>	Defines italic text
<ins>	Defines inserted text
<kbd>	Defines keyboard text
<pre>	Defines preformatted text
<q>	Defines a short quotation
<s>	Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text
<samp>	Defines sample computer code
<small>	Defines small text
<strike>	Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text
<strong>	Defines strong text
<sub>	Defines subscripted text
<sup>	Defines superscripted text
<tt>	Defines teletype text
<u>	Deprecated. Defines underlined text
<var>	Defines a variable part of a text
<xmp>	Deprecated. Defines preformatted text
Forms
<form>	Defines an HTML form for user input
<input />	Defines an input control
<textarea>	Defines a multi-line text input control
<button>	Defines a push button
<select>	Defines a select list (drop-down list)
<optgroup>	Defines a group of related options in a select list
<option>	Defines an option in a select list
<label>	Defines a label for an input element
<fieldset>	Defines a border around elements in a form
<legend>	Defines a caption for a fieldset element
<isindex>	Deprecated. Defines a searchable index related to a document
Frames
<frame />	Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset
<frameset>	Defines a set of frames
<noframes>	Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames
<iframe>	Defines an inline frame
Images
<img />	Defines an image
<map>	Defines an image-map
<area />	Defines an area inside an image-map
Links
<a>	Defines an anchor
<link />	Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource
Lists
<ul>	Defines an unordered list
<ol>	Defines an ordered list
<li>	Defines a list item
<dir>	Deprecated. Defines a directory list
<dl>	Defines a definition list
<dt>	Defines a term (an item) in a definition list
<dd>	Defines a description of a term in a definition list
<menu>	Deprecated. Defines a menu list
Tables
<table>	Defines a table
<caption>	Defines a table caption
<th>	Defines a header cell in a table
<tr>	Defines a row in a table
<td>	Defines a cell in a table
<thead>	Groups the header content in a table
<tbody>	Groups the body content in a table
<tfoot>	Groups the footer content in a table
<col />	Defines attribute values for one or more columns in a table
<colgroup>	Defines a group of columns in a table for formatting
Styles
<style>	Defines style information for a document
<div>	Defines a section in a document
<span>	Defines a section in a document
Meta Info
<head>	Defines information about the document
<title>	Defines the document title
<meta>	Defines metadata about an HTML document
<base />	Defines a default address or a default target for all links on a page
<basefont />	Deprecated. Defines a default font, color, or size for the text in a page
Programming
<script>	Defines a client-side script
<noscript>	Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts
<applet>	Deprecated. Defines an embedded applet
<object>	Defines an embedded object
<param />	Defines a parameter for an object

List 1:- Tag define & Description

2011-01-06T19:30:00.001+05:30

List No1 for Tag n Description:-

Tag	Description
<!--...-->	Defines a comment
<!DOCTYPE>	Defines the document type
<a>	Defines an anchor
<abbr>	Defines an abbreviation
<acronym>	Defines an acronym
<address>	Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document
<applet>	Deprecated. Defines an embedded applet
<area />	Defines an area inside an image-map
<b>	Defines bold text
<base />	Defines a default address or a default target for all links on a page
<basefont />	Deprecated. Defines a default font, color, or size for the text in a page
<bdo>	Defines the text direction
<big>	Defines big text
<blockquote>	Defines a long quotation
<body>	Defines the document's body
<br />	Defines a single line break
<button>	Defines a push button
<caption>	Defines a table caption
<center>	Deprecated. Defines centered text
<cite>	Defines a citation
<code>	Defines computer code text
<col />	Defines attribute values for one or more columns in a table
<colgroup>	Defines a group of columns in a table for formatting
<dd>	Defines a description of a term in a definition list
<del>	Defines deleted text
<dfn>	Defines a definition term
<dir>	Deprecated. Defines a directory list
<div>	Defines a section in a document
<dl>	Defines a definition list
<dt>	Defines a term (an item) in a definition list
<em>	Defines emphasized text
<fieldset>	Defines a border around elements in a form
<font>	Deprecated. Defines font, color, and size for text
<form>	Defines an HTML form for user input
<frame />	Defines a window (a frame) in a frameset
<frameset>	Defines a set of frames
<h1> to <h6>	Defines HTML headings
<head>	Defines information about the document
<hr />	Defines a horizontal line
<html>	Defines an HTML document
<i>	Defines italic text
<iframe>	Defines an inline frame
<img />	Defines an image
<input />	Defines an input control
<ins>	Defines inserted text
<isindex>	Deprecated. Defines a searchable index related to a document
<kbd>	Defines keyboard text
<label>	Defines a label for an input element
<legend>	Defines a caption for a fieldset element
<li>	Defines a list item
<link />	Defines the relationship between a document and an external resource
<map>	Defines an image-map
<menu>	Deprecated. Defines a menu list
<meta />	Defines metadata about an HTML document
<noframes>	Defines an alternate content for users that do not support frames
<noscript>	Defines an alternate content for users that do not support client-side scripts
<object>	Defines an embedded object
<ol>	Defines an ordered list
<optgroup>	Defines a group of related options in a select list
<option>	Defines an option in a select list
<p>	Defines a paragraph
<param />	Defines a parameter for an object
<pre>	Defines preformatted text
<q>	Defines a short quotation
<s>	Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text
<samp>	Defines sample computer code
<script>	Defines a client-side script
<select>	Defines a select list (drop-down list)
<small>	Defines small text
<span>	Defines a section in a document
<strike>	Deprecated. Defines strikethrough text
<strong>	Defines strong text
<style>	Defines style information for a document
<sub>	Defines subscripted text
<sup>	Defines superscripted text
<table>	Defines a table
<tbody>	Groups the body content in a table
<td>	Defines a cell in a table
<textarea>	Defines a multi-line text input control
<tfoot>	Groups the footer content in a table
<th>	Defines a header cell in a table
<thead>	Groups the header content in a table
<title>	Defines the title of a document
<tr>	Defines a row in a table
<tt>	Defines teletype text
<u>	Deprecated. Defines underlined text
<ul>	Defines an unordered list
<var>	Defines a variable part of a text
<xmp>	Deprecated. Defines preformatted text
Basic
<!DOCTYPE>	Defines the document type
<html>	Defines an HTML document
<body>	Defines the document's body
<h1> to <h6>	Defines HTML headings
<p>	Defines a paragraph
<br />	Inserts a single line break
<hr />	Defines a horizontal line
<!--...-->	Defines a comment

Music playing(page is loaded) Coding

2010-12-26T17:50:00.000+05:30

<html>
<body>
<embed src="http://www.4shared.com/audio/jEOlcD2o/_The_Lizzie_McGuire_Movie__Pao.html](The Lizzie McGuire Movie) Paolo & Isabella (Hilary Duff) - This Is Dreams What Are Made Of(Ballad).mp3" autostart="true" hidden="false"loop="false">
</embed>
<bgsound src="http://www.4shared.com/audio/jEOlcD2o/_The_Lizzie_McGuire_Movie__Pao.html](The Lizzie McGuire Movie) Paolo & Isabella (Hilary Duff) - This Is Dreams What Are Made Of(Ballad).mp3" loop="1"></embed>
<br>
Music will begin playing when your page is loaded and will only play one time.<br>
A control panel will be displayed to enable your visitors to stop the music.

</body>
</html>

Insert a Script coding

2010-12-16T13:55:00.000+05:30

<html>
<head>
<title>Kuldeep Ji</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
var timeout = 500;
var closetimer = 0;
var ddmenuitem = 0;

// open hidden layer
function mopen(id)
{
// cancel close timer
mcancelclosetime();

// close old layer
if(ddmenuitem) ddmenuitem.style.visibility = 'hidden';

// get new layer and show it
ddmenuitem = document.getElementById(id);
ddmenuitem.style.visibility = 'visible';

}
// close showed layer
function mclose()
{
if(ddmenuitem) ddmenuitem.style.visibility = 'hidden';
}

// go close timer
function mclosetime()
{
closetimer = window.setTimeout(mclose, timeout);
}

// cancel close timer
function mcancelclosetime()
{
if(closetimer)
{
    window.clearTimeout(closetimer);
    closetimer = null;
}
}

// close layer when click-out
document.onclick = mclose;

</script>
<style>
#sddm
{ margin: 0;
padding: 0;
z-index: 30}

#sddm li
{ margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
float: left;
font: bold 11px arial}

#sddm li a
{ display: block;
margin: 0 1px 0 0;
padding: 4px 10px;
width: 60px;
background: #5970B2;
color: #FFF;
text-align: center;
text-decoration: none}

#sddm li a:hover
{ background: #49A3FF}

#sddm div
{ position: absolute;
visibility: hidden;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
background: #EAEBD8;
border: 1px solid #5970B2}

#sddm div a
{ position: relative;
    display: block;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 5px 10px;
    width: auto;
    white-space: nowrap;
    text-align: left;
    text-decoration: none;
    background: #EAEBD8;
    color: #2875DE;
    font: 11px arial}

#sddm div a:hover
{ background: #49A3FF;
    color: #FFF}
</style>
<body>
<ul id="sddm">
    <li><a href="#"
        onmouseover="mopen('m1')"
        onmouseout="mclosetime()">Home</a>
        <div id="m1"
            onmouseover="mcancelclosetime()"
            onmouseout="mclosetime()">
        <a href="#">HTML Drop Down</a>
        <a href="#">DHTML Menu</a>
        <a href="#">JavaScript DropDown</a>
        <a href="#">Cascading Menu</a>
        <a href="#">CSS Horizontal Menu</a>
        </div>
    </li>
    <li><a href="#"
        onmouseover="mopen('m2')"
        onmouseout="mclosetime()">Download</a>
        <div id="m2"
            onmouseover="mcancelclosetime()"
            onmouseout="mclosetime()">
        <a href="#">ASP Dropdown</a>
        <a href="#">Pulldown menu</a>
        <a href="#">AJAX Drop Submenu</a>
        <a href="#">DIV Cascading Menu</a>
        </div>
    </li>
    <li><a href="#">Order</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Help</a></li>
    <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
<div style="clear:both"></div>
</body>
</html>

Redirect a user coding

2010-12-16T13:46:00.001+05:30

<html>
<head>
<title>Kuldeep Ji</title>
<meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="5;url=http://www.getybacchas.blogspot.com">
</head>

<body>
<h1>Sorry! We have moved!</h1>
<h2>The new URL is: <a href="http://www.richajain378.blogspot.com">http://richajain378.blogspot.com</a></h2>
<p>You will be redirected to the new address in five seconds.</p>
<p>If you see this message for more than 5 seconds, please click on the link above!</p>
<img src="http://img.wallpaperstock.net:81/heart-with-wings-wallpapers_12281_1600x1200.jpg">
</body>
</html>

Document keywords coding

2010-12-16T13:41:00.001+05:30

<html>
<head>
<title>Kuldeep Ji</title>

<meta name="description" content="Free Web tutorials on HTML, CSS, XML">
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML, CSS, XML">
</head>

<body>
<p>The meta elements on this page defines a description of the page, and its keywords.</p>
<img src="http://superlative1.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/broken_heart.jpg">
</body>
</html>