Sekolah Linux Indonesia

van halen chili peppers diamond

2012-01-19T17:17:00.000-08:00

van halen tickets
red hot chili peppers tickets
neil diamond tickets
Ticketamerica.com has concert tickets for Van Halen and the red hot chili peppers as well as the classic neil diamond concert in all cities.

Install Ubuntu on your Computer

2010-11-14T07:11:00.001-08:00

Belajar linux diawali dengan melakukan instalasi operating sistem, distro yang digunakan adalah ubuntu. Pada video tutorial diatas diajarkan bagaimana melakukan instalasi Ubuntu linux pada komputer.

Ubuntu Linux

Install Ubuntu in 5 Minutes

2010-11-14T07:02:00.001-08:00

Belajar Linux, Video ini menunjukkan bagaimana melakukan instalasi ubuntu linux dalam 5 menit. Ubuntu linux adalah salah satu distro yang sangat mudah digunakan. Banyak orang merekomendasikan distro ini.

Bagi Anda pemula yang ingin belajar linux, saya sangat menyarankan untuk menggunakan distro ini.

Ubuntu Linux

Linux Commands Training quick Tips

2010-10-10T20:13:00.000-07:00

Hi,
I think you like linux so much, that is why you coming into my blog, well for you who want to learn about linux there is so many resources to teach you about linux. You can start by installing linux in your PC or laptop. The good thing is you can use old PC from your warehouse :)

Since linux don't need resources as big as other operating system, you can play linux with cheap hardware and start enjoy the beauty of open source product.

When you need more things to learn linux you can find other linux commands in linux man page.

CCNP Certification - BCMSN Exam Tutorial: HSRP MAC Addresses And Timers

2010-10-05T19:12:00.000-07:00

To earn your CCNP certification and pass the BCMSN exam, you've got to know what HSRP does and the many configurable options. While the operation of HSRP is quite simple (and covered in a previous tutorial), you also need to know how HSRP arrives at the MAC address for the virtual router - as well as how to configure a new MAC for this virtual router. This puts us in the unusual position of creating a physical address for a router that doesn't exist!

The output of show standby for a two-router HSRP configuration is shown below.

R2#show standby

Ethernet0 - Group 5

Local state is Standby, priority 100

Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 10 sec

Next hello sent in 0.776

Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured

Active router is 172.12.23.3, priority 100 expires in 9.568

Standby router is local

1 state changes, last state change 00:00:22

R3#show standby

Ethernet0 - Group 5

Local state is Active, priority 100

Hellotime 3 sec, holdtime 10 sec

Next hello sent in 2.592

Virtual IP address is 172.12.23.10 configured

Active router is local

Standby router is 172.12.23.2 expires in 8.020

Virtual mac address is 0000.0c07.ac05

2 state changes, last state change 00:02:08

R3 is in Active state, while R2 is in Standby. The hosts are using the 172.12.123.10 address as their gateway, but R3 is actually handling the workload. R2 will take over if R3 becomes unavailable.

An IP address was assigned to the virtual router during the HSRP configuration process, but not a MAC address. However, there is a MAC address under the show standby output on R3, the active router. How did the HSRP process arrive at a MAC of 00-00-0c-07-ac-05?

Well, most of the work is already done before the configuration is even begun. The MAC address 00-00-0c-07-ac-xx is reserved for HSRP, and xx is the group number in hexadecimal. That's a good skill to have for the exam, so make sure you're comfortable with hex conversions. The group number is 5, which is expressed as 05 with a two-bit hex character. If the group number had been 17, we'd see 11 at the end of the MAC address - one unit of 16, one unit of 1.

The output of the show standby command also tells us that the HSRP speakers are sending Hellos every 3 seconds, with a 10-second holdtime. These values can be changed with the standby command, but HSRP speakers in the same group should have the same timers. You can even tie down the hello time to the millisecond, but it's doubtful you'll ever need to do that.

R3(config-if)#standby 5 timers ?

<1-254> Hello interval in seconds

msec Specify hello interval in milliseconds

R3(config-if)#standby 5 timers 4 ?

<5-255> Hold time in seconds

R3(config-if)#standby 5 timers 4 12

Another important HSRP skill is knowing how to change the Active router assignment. I'll show you how to do that, and how to configure HSRP interface tracking, in the next part of my CCNP / BCMSN exam tutorial!

Sekolah Linux Indonesia

Google Voice | Sekolah Linux Indonesia

2010-08-25T19:31:00.000-07:00

Mau tau bagaimana cara melakukan panggilan telepon murah ke seluruh dunia? lihat google voice berikut.

The best thing about blogs, they just keep going

2010-06-16T19:12:00.003-07:00

The best thing about blogs, they just keep going

Printing press and the internet

2010-05-22T04:43:00.001-07:00

The revolution of the printing press and the internet definitely led to a robust revolution and a paradigm shift in access and distribution of information. Unlike in the past days where information was restricted to those who could read and write (scribes), information spread widely and ultimately increasing the literary levels. It also led to a revolution in religion since printing of religious books e.g. the Bible became faster.

Similarly, the internet equipped with electronic mails and search engines has resulted in increased information availability. This has caused an impact of change in businesses, research and academics as well as in our daily lives.

read more

Linux Certifications

2009-12-16T02:40:00.000-08:00

Image via Wikipedia

There are currently four programs that enable people to become certified as Linux Systems Administrators. These programs are offered by the Computing Technology Industry Association, the Linux Professional Institute, the Novell Corporation, and Red Hat, Inc. The first two are professional industry associations whose certification programs do not depend on any specific Linux distribution. Novell and Red Hat Linux certifications are closely associated with their popular Linux distributions. Should you wish to prepare for either of these two certifications you will definitely need access to their Linux version.

What’s involved in obtaining a Linux Certification? You must pass one or more extensive tests that demonstrate your prowess in dealing with the typical and some atypical problems faced by Linux systems administrators. The test is designed to validate the knowledge of individuals with a minimum of six to twelve months of practical Linux experience not just for those who only learn linux without practice. We’ll take a closer look at the CompTIA Linux+ Certification, the one often recommended as the first certification for people new to Linux. This certification does not apply to any specific Linux version. According to the Computing Technology Industry Association, linux administrator professionals achieving the CompTIA Linux+ certification can explain fundamental management of Linux systems from the command line, demonstrate knowledge of user administration, understand file permissions, software configurations such as linux mount, and management of Linux-based clients, server systems, and security.

The Linux+ certification is a basic, entry-level certification for Linux system administrators. It is intended for people with six-months experience installing, operating and maintaining Linux operating systems. To achieve Linux+ certification, candidates must pass the 98 question Linux+ exam which covers seven areas: Planning and Implementation; Installation; Configuration; Administration; System Maintenance; Troubleshooting; and Identify, Install and Maintain System Hardware. This multiple-choice exam costs about $232 and is a good starting point for those who want to continue with other Linux certifications including those from Novell and Red Hat.

Why would anybody want to start preparing Linux certification on a limited version of Linux? The answer is simple – certification is not to be taken lightly. Don’t make a major financial and time investment unless you know that you really want to be certified and that you possess the required skill set. It’s not hard to find schools that promise you success in Linux certification and in any of their course offerings. But Linux certification may not be for you. Don’t make a major certification investment only to find that it wasn’t what you had in mind. Work your way through my tutorials including the suggestions for going further. Get your hands on a variety of Linux books. I would start with books designed for learning Linux and for running Linux systems before working with Linux certification books.

Don’t be satisfied with running computer exercises in your mind, and nodding your head at the appropriate times. To succeed you must do the exercises on a computer running Linux. Since installation is a component of all Linux Certification exams don’t stint on installing several versions of Linux on your computer. An external USB hard drive is not very expensive. Try to make friends with someone who knows better than you how to do things. Ask a lot of questions. And good luck!

Microsoft Admits Fear of Linux

2009-08-06T01:27:00.000-07:00

Microsoft has long pooh-poohed Linux as a desktop competitor. But a recent filing with the Security and Exchange Commission has the company admitting for the first time that Linux represents a significant threat to Windows.

TechFlash reports that in Microsoft's recent annual filing with the SEC, it listed for the first time Ubuntu's maker Canonical, and Linux distributor Red Hat as competitors to its Client division, which makes Windows. Previously, TechFlash says, Red Hat was listed but only as a competitor to its Business and Server & Tools divisions.

In its annual filing, Microsoft warns that Linux is a threat to Windows, particularly in emerging markets and for netbooks. It also warns that Apple is a threat, but it's said that before. The big news is the addition of Linux. Here's what the filing says:

Client faces strong competition from well-established companies with differing approaches to the PC market. Competing commercial software products, including variants of Unix, are supplied by competitors such as Apple, Canonical, and Red Hat. Apple takes an integrated approach to the PC experience and has made inroads in share, particularly in the U.S. and in the consumer segment. The Linux operating system, which is also derived from Unix and is available without payment under a General Public License, has gained some acceptance, especially in emerging markets, as competitive pressures lead OEMs to reduce costs and new, lower-price PC form-factors gain adoption. Partners such as Hewlett-Packard and Intel have been actively working with alternative Linux-based operating systems.

The filing goes on to add that Windows is also threatened by platforms and devices that might curtail demand for PCs. And it notes browser alternatives that could hurt it as well. Here's what the filing says:

TechFlash notes that Google, Apple, Opera, and Android are new in this section; last year only Mozilla was listed.

The upshot to all this? Microsoft knows that it's in for a tough battle, and that its cash cow is endangered.

WiMAX di negeri tetangga

2009-06-04T18:56:00.000-07:00

Kawan2 Yth,

Menarik sekali apa yang ditulis oleh Pak Onno W. Purbo ketika mengunjungi Timor Leste untuk memberikan pelatihan Open Source bersama kawan-kawan dari IGOS: pak Kemal, Pak Mukhlis dan pak Harry. Ternyata Timor Leste dalam penerapan VoIP Rakyat dan NGN menggunakan Infrastruktur WiMAX sudah jauh lebih maju dari Indonesia.

Lebih mengherankan lagi adalah bahwa pembangunan jaringan WiMAX itu dilaksanakan oleh putra-putra terbaik Bangsa Indonesia dan PT Telkom Indonesia International yang memenangkan Tender, bersaing dengan 8 perusahaan luar negeri, dalam waktu kurang dari 9-bulan sejak dimulainya Perencanaan sampai dengan Instalasi.

Mengapa Timor Leste begitu cepat dan begitu sukses dalam menerapkan WiMAX dinegerinya? Jawabannya adalah sangat sederhana dan klasik: Perencanaan yang matang dan tepat, baik itu menyangkut strandardisasi perangkat, pengalokasian pita frekwensi dan perencanaan operasional, dan ditambah lagi dengan adanya kebutuhan akan komunikasi pita lebar (broadband) untuk komunikasi data, suara, internet dan multimedia bagi Pemerintahan Pusat dan Pemda Timor Leste.

WiMAX Standard 802.16d yang dipakai Timor Leste difungsikan sebagai Backbone atau Backhaul untuk jaringan WiFi dan Network Systems didalam gedung-gedung atau ruang terbatas. Untuk akses ke pelanggan melalui perangkat Komputer, Laptop, PDA dan HP dapat dilakukan melalui WiFi dan LAN, tidak secara langsung ke Terminal Eqiupment atau CPE WiMAX yang masih "bulky" dan mahal harganya. Penggunaan WiMAX standard 16d seperti ini jiga dibanyak negara-negara lainnya.

Kesimpulannya, Indonesia perlu belajar banyak dalam penerapan WiMAX untuk komunikasi pita lebar di Indonesia. Bila perlu kita lakukan Study banding ke Timor Leste.

Silahkan ditanggapi dan semoga bermanfaat bagi pembangunan Indonesia.
Wassalam,
S Roestam
http://mastel.wordpress.com

new view from my place.

2008-08-13T19:23:00.000-07:00

After long debate, I made my decision to continuing support for linux users and student who willing to learn linux.
any news and technology will be put under this site for everyone, and the good things is I will keep it free for you all.

regards

Installing Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon on Asus Eee PC

2008-04-24T23:35:00.000-07:00

I found it on the web, I think it will be useful for all of us.

...................................................................................................

Hi All,

Well I went and got myself an Asus Eee PC the other day. What a fantastic piece of kit… but I have to say I didn’t like the OS much. You either have a ‘fisher price’ Xandros Linux desktop, or a Xandros KDE based one… Personally (and I am new to linux) I prefer Ubuntu’s Gnome-based layout.

Now in theory, this shouldn’t be too hard, but in order to make sure that this all works properly, I spent a great deal of time researching the process at EeeUser.com and various other sites.

This is my ‘How to’

Reboot your Eee PC and ensure that the boot sequence is set to ATAPI CD Rom as the first choice.
Plug in a USB CD Caddy and insert your Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon Live CD (Download Here)
Once booted, click on Applications, Terminal and type gconf-editor
Browse to apps/compiz/plugins/move/allscreens/options and uncheck constrain_y (Full details Here) - This allows you to move any window up beyond the height of the screen, which is very much needed during this install.
Double Click on the “Install” Icon on the Desktop. Any time a window doesn’t fit, hold down the Alt key and drag the window off the top of the screen so you can see the buttons.
Go through all the normal bits until you get to the Partitioning. Select manual and delete all the existing partitions. Create one partition of 4001Mb that is EXT2 and has a mount point of “/” - Ignore any “swap partition” warnings.
Complete Install (answering any obvious questions accordingly)
Reboot (after removing the CD)
Redo Step 4 again (it gets lost in the install)
Acknowledge the Athos “Restricted Driver” message
Minimise Disk Writes (All obtained from Eeeuser.com) by doing the following:-
1. Adding the following to /etc/fstab tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults,noatime 0 0
2. Repeat for /tmp, /var/lock, /var/run and /var/tmp
3. Set defaults,noatime 0 2 on the main ext2 partition (See HERE for more details) to prevent excessive wear and tear on your SSD
4. If you ignored me and added a swap partition as well, then edit the /etc/sysctl.conf and add a line at the end that says vm.swappiness=0 this will tell the OS to use RAM in preference to Swap files.
5. Go into Add/Remove, and remove the pointless applications that are taking up room on your little 4Gb SSD… I removed the following:-
1. Most of the games (Really…How often are you actually going to play these?)
2. F-spot Photo Manager (I user Flikr, so not needed)
3. OnBoard (on-screen keyboard… not needed as we have one!)
4. Orca (I can see just fine thank you…)
5. Xsane (Nope… no scanners or faxes plugged into my Eee)
Get your GMAIL all set up (Samsung tips here apply equally well… http://www.internet-tools.co.uk/blog/index.php?s=gmail)

Ok. So we have a working Eee PC running Ubuntu, but there are a few things ‘Broken’…. Battery Indicator, Wireless Lan, Webcam, Power Buttons, Lid sensor, Skype…..

Go the the Eeeuser.com site HERE to fix these issues (far to long to cut’n'paste here) and pn Samiux’s Blog HERE

But things I did fix from the Eeeuser site were:-

Wireless network (via ndiswrapper method)
Suspend/Resume/Power Down issues
Webcam support (you have to enable it in the BIOS for Ubuntu to see it - it will reboot twice once enabled)

The next thing was to make sure that everything took up as little space as possible. These were the steps I took:-

Installed the ‘Littlefox’ theme into FireFox (takes up much less screen real-estate)
Went into Appearance Preferences and set:-
- All the fonts to 8pt
- Icons to “Icon Only” (no text)
Adjusted mouse sensitivity (wasn’t detecting my touchpad-taps very well)
Set both status bars to 19 pixels in height
Added my networked HP printer (I use a wireless gateway adapter connected to the Ethernet port on the OfficeJet)

Then I added some goodies…

Enabled all the repositories in System, Administration, Software Sources
Updated everything by going into System, Administration, Update Manager
Installed all the BlueTooth stuff (so I can beam from my Samsung to the Eee PC)
Installed Camorama (Web Cam Capture and Test App)
Installed v2 of Skype (it has webcam support under linux)

And thats it…. all working, and I am in fact completing this blog entry on my Eee PC with Ubuntu!

27th November - NOTE: When installing the ndiswrapper, make sure you place the ndis folder that you downloaded from the cd/website somewhere sensible! I deleted the folder (thinking that ndiswrapper would copy the relevant files somewhere) and spent 2 hours trying to get my wireless lan working again

29th November - Added some screenshots of it in action.

30th November - Firstly… sorry if you haven’t been able to view this blog… Fasthosts cobbled my MySQL server Secondly… I have had a minor problem (irritating, more than an issue) where the Eee PC will randomly reboot during the initial boot sequence. Essentially it gets ’stuck’ about 20% through the first Ubuntu progress bar, and then reboots just fine. Haven’t sussed what it is yet, but it only happened after I enabled the Webcam in the BIOS…

Workshop tanggal 9 April 2008

2008-04-10T23:26:00.001-07:00

Pagi hari tanggal 9 April 2008, dalam perjalanan menuju InterLAB sengaja
mencoba jalan lain di sekitar AIT. Salah satu hal yang tidak sengaja di
temukan adalah Amateur Radio Club (ARC) tempat berkumpulnya para amatir
radio di Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) yang mempunyai nama panggilan
/ callsign HS0AC. Tampak pada gambar adalah dua buah tower tempat
bertengger-nya beberapa antenna yagi untuk komunikasi gelombang pendek
yang dimiliki oleh Amateur Radio Club HS0AC tersebut. Antenna jenis ini
biasanya digunakan untuk komunikasi antar benua menggunakan gelombang
pendek.

Hari ini merupakan hari terakhir workshop. Sesi pagi, berlanjut dengan
instalasi dan konfigurasi OpenSER. Juga menggunakan openserctl untuk
memonitor aktifitas di OpenSER softswitch maupun untuk menambah user. Agak
lama proses konfigurasi ini, karena ternyata banyak peserta yang salah
dalam menginstalasi OpenSER sehingga kadang-kadang harus di ulang beberapa
kali.

Setelah berhasil terkonfigurasi, test mulai dilakukan untuk melakukan
panggilan antar pesawat telepon di Softswitch yang sama. Rata-rata pada
saat konfigurasi telah berhasil dengan baik, maka panggilan dapat di
lakukan dengan mudah.

Test berlanjut, dengan mengevaluasi performance OpenSER menggunakan SIPp.
Hasil yang di peroleh lumayan mengagumkan. Sebuah laptop pentium IV
menggunakan wifi ternyata dapat menerima panggilan sebanyak 220 call per
second. Sementara sebuah PC Pentium IV menjalankan Ubuntu di VMWare dapat
menerima panggilan sekitar 1700 call per second. Memang masih di bawah
Xeon Quad dari Rainer Server yang digunakan Onno W. Purbo di rumah yang
dapat menampung 4000+ call per second.

Selanjutnya konfigurasi di buat lebih rumit lagi agar OpenSER dapat
melakukan panggilan dipandu oleh ENUM. Butuh agak lama untuk melakukan hal
ini, karena file resolv.conf selalu berubah-ubah karena jaringan yang
digunakan menggunakan IP address dynamic melalui DHCP Server.

Setelah break makan siang. Kesulitan mulai di tambahkan ke para peserta.
Percobaan dilakukan agar client dari sebuah softswitch menelepon client
dari softswitch yang lain menggunakan format nomor@ip-address-softswitch
yang lain. Hasil-nya sangat menakjubkan, tanpa di set tambahan apa-apa
OpenSER mampu melakukan routing call antar softswitch.

Selanjutnya kelas memasukan bidang yang paling rumit yaitu mengoperasikan
infrastruktur ENUM dengan mengoperasikan sendiri top level domain ENUM
pada alamat e164.th dan mendelegasikan alokasi nomor telepon ke sekitar
sepuluh ENUM Server di bawahnya. Butuh waktu beberapa waktu, sebelum
proses konfigurasi master & slave Domain Name System dapat berjalan dengan
baik. Maklum sebagian besar peserta adalah pertama kali mengkonfigurasi
dan mengoperasikan sendiri DNS Server.

Setelah infrastruktur ENUM berhasil di operasikan. Panggilan dicoba
dilakukan dari client di sebuah softswitch memanggil client di softswitch
lainnya menggunakan nomor +666xxxxxx. Hore berhasil dengan baik semua
proses routing yang di lakukan oleh ENUM Server dadakan.

Untuk menambah rumit masalah, konfigurasi jaringan di tambah dengan
kemampuan untuk call ke PSTN melalui softswitch OpenSER. Untuk memperoleh
manfaat yang maksimal dari teknologi Asterisk juga di coba konfigurasi
agar OpenSER bisa memanfaatkan Asterisk sebagai backend.

Whuih, terus terang lumayan teler mengerjakan workshop dengan materi padat
untuk bidang Next Generation Network maupun ENUM yang semua merupakan
teknologi Telkom masa datang. Acara di akhiri dengan penyerahan sertifikat
peserta yang ditanda tangani oleh Prof. Kanchana Kanchanasut dan Onno W.
Purbo. Setelah pemberian sertifikat dilakukan, seperti biasa kami
mengadakan sesi foto bersama. Tampak pada gambar, Onno W. Purbo berdiri
Prof. Kanchana Kanchanasut dari InterLab AIT di kelilingi oleh para
peserta.

Sore menjelang magrib, sambil melepaskan lelah, Onno dan Prof. Kanchana
dan staff-nya Pensri ngobrol di dining room di AIT Conference Center. Ada
beberapa hal yang menarik dalam pembicaraan yang relatif singkat tersebut,
yaitu,

* InterLab AIT tampaknya terlibat dalam pembangunan Wireless Network
di rural Thailand. Prof. Kanchana membutuhkan bantuan SDM untuk turun ke
rural thailand. Onno sudah mulai memperkenalkan Prof. Kanchana ke beberapa
teman aktifis wireless Internet di INDOWLI Indonesia agar dapat mulai
berinteraksi.

* Insya Allah bulan Oktober 2008, InterLab AIT akan menyelenggarakan
semacan workshop / seminar agak besar tentang rural Wireless di Bangkok.
Prof. Kanchana mengharapkan Wajanbolic e-goen dapat melakukan penampakan
pada perhelatan tersebut.

* Prof. Kanchana Kanchanasut secara resmi meminta Onno menjadi Adjunct
Researcher di InterLab AIT. Kira-kira setara dengan Adjunct Professor,
hanya saja Adjunct Reseacher tidak ada kewajiban untuk mengajar.

* Prof. Kanchana Kanchanasut bermaksud menominasikan Onno menjadi
anggota dari Advisory Board dari Asia Pacific Networking Group di bawah
pimpinan Prof. Kilnam Chon dari Korea untuk membangun roadmap / jalan
untuk "the Future of Internet".

Pukul 23:00 Malam hari berangkat dari AIT Conference Center ke Bangkok
International Airport yang baru untuk mengejar pesawat Garuda Indonesia
menuju Indonesia yang take off pukul 2:30 dini hari.

Alhamdullillah, banyak sekali manfaat yang bisa di peroleh selama
perjalanan ke Thailand kali ini. Tidak percuma perjuangan selama ini di
Indonesia membantu memberikan akses Internet murah yang membuahkan banyak
sekali ilmu yang ternyata di minati oleh rekan-rekan dari negara lain
bahkan, Insya Allah, menjadi contoh bagi Asia Pasifik.

Mudah-mudahan laporan ini dapat menjadi pembuka wawasan bagi kita semua di
Indonesia, bahwa,

"Indonesia mungkin miskin, tapi Bangsa Indonesia bukan bangsa yang bodoh,
bahkan Dunia-pun belajar pada Bangsa Indonesia"

Merdeka!!!

Workshop tanggal 8 April 2008

2008-04-10T23:25:00.001-07:00

Di hari ke dua, kondisi lebih relax dari hari sebelumnya, paling tidak
bisa tidur semalam. Pagi hari berjalan kaki lebih santai dari AIT
Conference Center ke InterLab AIT. Salah satu yang menarik dari AIT ini
adalah suasana hijau kampus yang sangat menyolok berbeda dengan banyak
kampus lain di Bangkok termasuk di Indonesia. Kita banyak melihat para
mahasiswa, karyawan dan mungkin dosen bersepeda di kampus karena
suasananya yang memang memungkinkan. Motor jarang terdengar di kampus AIT,
yang agak sering terlihat adalah mobil yang biasanya di gunakan para dosen
atau tamu pendatang. Yang terdengar, nampaknya budaya bersepeda
dikampuspun mulai di tinggalkan di UGM.

Sesi pertama di pagi hari tanggal 8 April 2008 adalah memperkenalkan
teknik instalasi BIND DNS Server karena ternyata sebagian besar peserta
belum pernah menginstalasi dan mengoperasikan sendiri DNS Server.
Masing-masing peserta membuat DNS Server di komputer-nya masing-masing dan
mencoba agar dapat me-resolve domain yang dibuat masing-masing. Membuat
DNS Server tidak terlalu sulit jika kita mengikuti dengan teliti
langkah-langkah Instalasi BIND.

Tingkat kesulitan berlanjut menjadi lebih sulit, pada saat kita mulai
mengkonfigurasi DNS Server menjadi ENUM Server. Langkah pembuatan ENUM
Server mengikuti penjelasan langkah Implementasi ENUM Server. Nomor
telepon untuk ENUM yang digunakan adalah +666xxxx yang kebetulan belum
dialokasikan oleh pemerintah Thailand. Sementara top level domain yang
digunakan untuk ENUM adalah e164.th. Setelah ENUM berjalan dengan baik,
integrasi dilakukan dengan softswitch asterisk. Bagian ini merupakan momen
yang menegangkan karena disitu akan di test ketelitian kita dapat menset /
mengkonfigurasi semua server yang dibutuhkan. Dalam waktu sekitar 3 jam-an
rata-rata semua peserta dapat menyelesaikan dengan baik.

Setelah selesai makan siang, sesi di sore hari di isi dengan
mengkonfigurasi IP Phone, dan di lanjutkan dengan mengkonfigurasi Analog
Telephone Adapter dan konfigurasi Dial Plan Asterisk agar dapat menelepon
ke PSTN dan selular.

Setelah break sore, dalam waktu sekitar 40 menit terakhir sesi 8 April
2008, kami melakukan Instalasi openser.

Malam hari-nya laptop dapat ditinggal tidur, laptop dibiarkan mendownload
beberapa iso CD untuk mengupdate koleksi iso yang ada, seperti, ebox,
clarckconnect, asterisknow, trixbox. Alhamdullillah, kalau dihitung-hitung
total mungkin ada sekitar 6 iso CD yang berhasil di download menggunakan
bandwidth dari AIT gratis sampai hari ke dua workshop. Maklum di Indonesia
agak repot kalau harus mendownload iso CD :) ..

Workshop tanggal 7 April 2008

2008-04-10T23:24:00.000-07:00

Session Pertama, pengenalan VoIP, mulai dari membuat account di
http:://fwd.pulver.com, http://www.voxalot.com, hingga teknik SIP exchange
di http://www.sipbroker.com, dan memperoleh nomor US dari
http://www.ipkall.com maupun "mencuri" nomor Telkom Thailand menggunakan
http://www.e164.org. Di session pertama ini, kita hanya menjadi user /
pengguna VoIP saja. Berbagai teknik ini di jelaskan di buku "VoIP Cikal
Bakal Telkom Rakyat"

Session ke dua, mulai di demokan teknik untuk menelepon menggunakan IP
Phone, Analog Telephone Adapter, hingga menelepon ke PSTN maupun selular
menggunakan fixed wireless gateway. Peserta cukup terkaget-kaget pada saat
di demokan dari VoIP lokal dapat menelepon ke selular. Detail teknik ini
sebetulnya cukup jelas di jelaskan di Video VoIP DetikInet maupun di buku
"VoIP Cikal Bakal Telkom Rakyat"

Pada saat makan siang, Prof. Kanchana dan rekan-rekan membicarakan
kemungkinan untuk Thailand mengaktifkan ENUM Server-nya. Bahkan salah satu
isu yang mulai muncul adalah kemungkinan untuk membangun ENUM Server di
tingkat Asia. Perlu di ketahui bahwa Prof. Kanchana adalah salah satu
aktifis IT & Internet di Asia Pacific dan sempat menjadi wakil Asia di
ICANN yang mengatur penomoran dan domain Internet di dunia.

Session ke tiga, di siang hari-nya, kita mulai masuk ke materi yang lebih
sukar yaitu meng-compile softswitch asterisk dari source code. Ini membuat
teler banyak peserta. Tapi setelah 2-3 jam rata-rata semua berhasil dengan
baik menjalankan softswitch asterisk-nya. Detail teknik mengcompile
softswitch asterisk bisa di baca di Teknik Compile Asterisk di Ubuntu

Malamnya Onno makan malam dengan Prof Kanchana Kanchanasut dari AIT di
rumah makan Korea, pertama kalinya memang bagi seorang Onno makan di rumah
makan Korea. bersama beberapa teman-nya diantaranya ada Assisten Deputy
Minister of Finance dan Bekas Ketua Komisi Hak Asasi Manusia.

Salah satu cerita menarik yang muncul adalah memang Thai pernah hidup di
blok YouTube & berbagai situs Internet selama 9 bulan .. itu di masa
kudeta militer di Thailand yang baru lalu.

Sekarang kata mereka pemerintahan terpilih tidak berani menutup youtube
apalagi situs di Internet. bisa-bisa mereka jadi pemerintahan yang tidak
akan di pilih lagi. Kemungkinan seperti itu sangat-sangat di hindari oleh
pemerintah terpilih.

BTW, ketiga-nya ternyata temen-nya GusDur hehe kaget juga Onno soalnya
gayanya santai banget semua .. memang Onno saja tidak menyangka:) ....
Prof. Kanchana bahkan pernah duduk bersama di satu meja dengan GusDur.

Dalam perjalanan ke rumah makan Korea tersebut, Prof. Kanchana sempat
menawarkan agar Onno bergabung ke InterLab AIT Thailand, yang dalam bahasa
Prof. Kanchana, menjadi Adjunct Researcher terutama karena InterLab AIT
tampaknya akan serius mengimplementasikan NGN dan ENUM untuk Thailand.
Bisa di maklumi, karena memang tidak banyak ahli / spesialis di dunia
terutama di kawasan Asia Pasifik yang benar-benar menguasai teknik NGN dan
ENUM apalagi yang berbasis Open Source. Alhamdullillah, ternyata ilmu yang
selama ini di kembangkan melalui VoIP Rakyat di Indonesia dapat bermanfaat
bagi bangsa lain di dunia.

Memberikan Workshop NGN dan ENUM di Bangkok

2008-04-10T23:23:00.000-07:00

From SpeedyWiki
Jump to: navigation, search

Kelanjutkan dari Workshop NGN / VoIP yang sempat dilakukan oleh Onno W.
Purbo sebelumnya di AIT Thailand. Berbeda dengan Workshop sebelumnya,
workshop kali ini di lakukan sendirian oleh Onno W. Purbo menjadi pengajar
tunggal selama tiga (3) hari penuh di AIT Bangkok Thailand. Fokus Workshop
kali ini lebih ke arah implementasi Next Generation Network(NGN) dan ENUM
dengan nomor experimen sementara +666xxxxxxx atau menggunakan ENUM
6.6.6.e164.th. Dalam bahasa yang sederhana mengajari rekan-rekan IT di
Thailand agar dapat membuat sendiri Telkom menggunakan Teknologi Next
Generation Network (NGN) yang di Indonesia pun tampaknya baru XL yang
secara serius mengimplementasikan, memang operator telekomunikasi lainnya
sudah mulai ancang-ancang untuk menyusul.

Tanggal 6 April 2008 jam 22 malam akhirnya Onno W. Purbo pun berangkat ke
Bangkok menggunakan pesawat Garuda GA866. Tidak banyak penumpang pesawat
Boing 737-400 GA 866, hanya ada sekitar 20-an orang. Tidak heran dalam
pesawat, masing-masing dapat tidur dengan mengambil tiga kursi menjadi
tempat tidur. Yang membuat kita semua akan bingung, apakah Garuda
Indonesia untung dengan membawa 20 orang ke Thailand ini? Entah lah. GA
866 tiba di lapangan terbang internasional di Bangkok tanggal 7 April 2008
pukul 1:30 dini hari. Tanpa melalui kesulitan yang berarti di imigrasi
maupun bea cukai keluar dari airport. Padahal cukup banyak peralatan VoIP
yang di bawa dalam koper Polo.

Di AIT, Onno W. Purbo menginap di AIT Conference Center, dimana semua
kamar-nya tersambung ke Internet. Beberapa HotSpot tampaknya bertebaran di
AIT sehingga memudahkan kita untuk mengakses Internet dari laptop.

Pagi hari tanggal 7 April 2008 jam 8, sudah tiba di InterLab AIT tempat
workshop akan di adakan. Onno W. Purbo mulai melakukan instalasi peralatan
VoIP.

Ubuntu more secure than Leopard, Windows Vista?

2008-04-10T23:03:00.001-07:00

By Alex Serpo, ZDNet Australia
Friday, April 04, 2008 10:46 AM
Ubuntu Linux was the only system left unscathed in a
multi-platform hacking competition last week, but does that mean it is
more secure?
Apple's Leopard OS lasted 30 second, Windows Vista Ultimate lasted until the third day,but Ubuntu's Linux distribution alone was left secure at the end of the"Pwn to Own contest" at CanSecWest security conference held inVancouver.
James Turner, a security analyst from IBRS said that "in this
particular instance, which supports the conclusion that Ubuntu is more
secure". However, he said the result is unlikely to cause an increased
uptake of Linux amongst business users.
"Most people who are advocating Linux do it to improve their own
skill set rather than actively support the business. That creates a
problem for CIOs who are there to support the business," said Turner
who pointed out that support also remained a major issue for CIOs when
considering a Linux implementation.
Jeff Waugh, from Waugh Partners, an Australian open source
consulting firm, commented that this result should not be seen as a
guarantee that Ubuntu based systems are more secure.
"Certainly one of the exploits [the Flash exploit], would have
allowed entry into the Linux system as well," said Waugh, who added
that the lower penetration of Linux-based systems gave such systems a
security advantage.
"There are not a lot of people focusing on [Ubuntu], because it's
not a high profile system. The kind of people participating in this
event...would want the crowning glory from finding something tasty in
Windows or Mac OS X," Waugh said. Waugh said that this also highlighted
that the OS is not the principal security weakness in a desktop.
"The kind of attack vectors that can be used now are much more
effective at the client side on a mass scale, both vectors were client
software that connected to the Web. The Web browser is absolutely the
most exposed part of any system now." However for Waugh, this was still
a win for open source systems.
"It is telling that the folks involved didn't sit down and read the
source code and go after something in there...sure that is evidence
enough [against the idea] that if you open your source code you are
showing your family jewels to the world."
The competition ran from 26 to 28 March and offered contestants a
chance to win the latest Fujistu, Sony and Apple laptops--providing
they were able to find a way to access a file on the machines. The
laptops on offer included a MacBook Air running OSX 10.5.2, a Fujitsu
U810 running Vista Ultimate SP1, and a Sony VAIO running Ubuntu 7.10.

More on Network Systems

Open source will quietly take over

2008-04-10T21:27:00.000-07:00

By Peter Judge, ZDNet UK
Monday, April 07, 2008 05:04 AM
In a few years' time, almost all businesses will use open source,
according to Gartner; even though IT managers may be unaware of it, and
prefer to talk about fashions such as software as a service.
Open
source promoters have welcomed the endorsement by what is seen as a
conservative commentator, but predict the changes will go further than
Gartner assumes.
"By 2012, more than 90 percent of enterprises will use open source in direct or embedded forms," predicts a Gartner report, The State of Open Source 2008,which sees a "stealth" impact for the technology in embedded form:"Users who reject open source for technical, legal or business reasonsmight find themselves unintentionally using open source despite theiropposition."
However, Gartner argues that at the
operating-system level, Linux deployments are showing smaller benefits
in total cost of ownership (TCO) as it is applied to more demanding
projects, because of the technical skills required to use it: "Much of
the availability, management and DBMS licensing costs will remain
proprietary," says the report, and "version control and
incompatibilities will continue to plague open source OSs and
associated middleware".
"Gartner has woefully
underestimated the penetration of open source," said Mark Taylor,
president of promotion group the Open Source Consortium. "Everyone uses
[open source] on a daily basis in services like Google."
However,
he welcomed the analyst's prediction that open source would disappear
from view: "Open source has been promoted since 1998. If it fades from
view now, because it is embedded in the mainstream, that is exactly
what we wanted."
Gartner has also underestimated the
benefits of Linux, said Taylor: "There are a range of open source
business models, from a completely proprietary version where open
source is used as a sprinkling of magic pixie dust, to a full-on,
services-based deployment using a free Linux distribution. Gartner
assumes that the pseudo-open proposition will hold sway, but companies
change. They may initially need the reassurance of a proprietarized
version of Linux but, in our experience, they are then increasingly
happy to go to a services model, using a distribution like Debian."
Gartner
misses the point that a free license does more than cut the cost of
ownership, said Taylor, pointing out that it provides other benefits.
"Licensing is only a slice of the total cost, but historically,
companies have only bought as many licenses as they can afford. If you
remove the license cost, you may only remove three percent of the of
total cost of the existing project, but you also remove the brakes--you
massively expand the numbers that project can be rolled out to at no
extra cost.
"Open source gives massive scalability at no transaction cost, for whatever you are doing," he said.
IT
managers who simply want to cut costs will look to software as a
service (SaaS) rather than open source, says the Gartner report. "More
technically adventurous IT projects will often prefer the direct use of
open source and on-premises software development, but the mainstream IT
organization looking to reduce the IT cost burden will tend to choose
SaaS where it is available."
This is nothing more than
marketing-speak, said Taylor: "It's a very superficial analysis," he
said. "The two will become almost indistinguishable as 98 to 99 percent
of SaaS will be open source." And Gartner agrees that, by 2011, open
source will dominate software infrastructure for cloud-based providers.

More on Network Systems

Polda Incar Perusahaan Besar

2008-04-07T00:33:00.001-07:00

Senin, 07 April 2008
BATAM, TRIBUN - Setelah menggerebek berbagai tempat penggandaan dan penjualan cakram berupa VCD/DVD bajakan, Polda Kepri akan segera merazia software komputer bajakan mulai bulan Juni nanti.
Namun sebelum itu, Polda akan mensosialisasi undang-undang (UU) mengenai hak cipta selama bulan April sampai Mei nanti. Langkah ini diambil terkait maraknya penggunaan software bajakan baik oleh perusahaan maupun perorangan.
Direktur reserse kriminal (Direskrim) Polda, Kombes (Pol) Muhammad Jupri melalui Kepala satuan (Kasat II) Ajun Komisaris Besar Polisi (AKBP) Puja Laksana, menjelaskan sosialisasi akan diarahkan pada
perusahaan-perusahaan besar yang banyak menggunakan perangkat komputer.
Dalam sosialisasi akan dijelaskan dampak positif dan negatif jika
menggunakan perangkat lunak bajakan tersebut. Satu dari dampak negatif
itu adalah sanksi hukum penjara paling lama 7 tahun dan atau denda
maksimal Rp 5 miliar.

Ketentuan sanksi ini dimuat dalam UU
Nomor 19/2002 tentang Hak Cipta pasal 72 ayat (1), (2), dan (3), pasal
2 ayat 1, serta pasal 49 ayat 1. “Februari lalu kami juga sudah
menggelar sosialisasi serupa. Untuk itulah target kami pada Juni nanti
akan melakukan pemeriksaan perangkat komputer di perusahaan-perusahaan
besar. Namun dengan cara persuasif dulu,” tambah Puja.

Ia juga menjelaskan belum akan merazia pengguna komputer perorangan, atau
usaha kecil. “Perusahan atau instansi pemerintahaan berskala besar
dulu,” tegas Puja.

Jangka waktu dua bulan dianggap cukup
bagi perusahaan dan instansi pemerintah untuk menyesuaikan perangkat
dan jaringan komputernya dengan ketentuan UU tersebut.

Bagian MOU
Langkah tegas berupa razia terhadap pengguna software bajakan juga
sebagai bagian dari penandatanganan nota kesepahaman atau memorandoum
of understanding (MoU) antara Polda Kepri dan Business Software
Alliance (BSA) Jakarta, dua bulan lalu.

BSA berkomitmen memberikan bantuan penuh terhadap proses penyidikan terkait pelanggaran hak cipta produk software.

Berdasarkan
data BSA, pada tahun 2006 Indonesia menempati urutan ke-8 dunia dalam
penggunaan software bajakan. Sekitar 85 persen perusahaan dan
perorangan menggunakan software bajakan yang megakibatkan kerugian
negara senilai 350 juta dolar Amerika Serikat (AS) atau sekitar Rp 3.2
triliun (kurs Rp 9200).(ded)

Warnet Keberatan
pengelola usaha warnet Pro@net di Carnaval Mall Batam Centre belum mengetahui
rencana polisi menggelar razia software bajakan atau sejenisnya. “Kami
belum mengetahui mengenai razia tersebut.
Tentu saja, kami
keberatan jika yang dibidik adalah usaha kecil warung internet (warnet)
seperti kami ini. Masih banyak perusahaan besar yang menggunakan
piranti lunak bajakan. Kami cuma mengikuti kebiasaan yang selama ini
tidak ada larangannya,” ujar pengelola warnet tersebut.(ded)
http://www.tribunbatam.co.id

Free Application

2008-04-07T00:27:00.000-07:00

* Anti Virus : AVG75free-519a1276
* Browser : MozillaFirefox-2.0.0.12
* Chat IRC : HydraIRC-0.3.160, Pidgin-2.4.1
* Download Manager : FreeDownloadManager-2.5_build755, uTorrent-1.7.7b8179

* FTP Client : FileZilla-3.0.8.1
* FTP Server : FileZilla Server-0.9.25
* Image Viewer : Gimp-2.2.15 & GQview-win-2.1.4.1
* PDF Reader : SumatraPDF-0.8
* Video Player : GOMplayer-2.1.9.3754
* Word Spread Sheet : OpenOffice-win2.4.0-part1, OpenOffice-win2.4.0-part2, OpenOffice-win2.4.0-part3
* Zip File : 7zip-4.5.7

semua aplikasi diatas sifatnya free to use, bisa di search di om google.

salam

Indian IT firms escape rising costs

2008-04-03T00:44:00.000-07:00

BBC NEWS
Indian IT firms escape rising costs
By Supriya Menon
BBC News, Chennai, India

Munching on pizzas during lunch hour the employees of
Blueshift, a small Chennai-based IT firm, are busy
discussing the prospects of moving abroad.

Blueshift's turnover is about $2m (£1m) per year, yet
the company is facing a tight squeeze.

Rental costs in the city are rising, the value of the
US dollar has weakened and uncertainty about the
government's tax policies abound.

That is why Blueshift is one of the companies looking
to move to neighbouring countries like Malaysia or
Singapore where they believe it would be cheaper to
operate.

"The corporate tax regime in this country is a tough
33% whereas when I look at neighbouring country
Singapore it is only 18% at the highest level," says
Blueshift's chairman Sankaran P Raghunathan.

"In fact, most of us have to pay only 7.5%. That's a
huge difference."

Mr Raghunathan is also concerned at the way costs are
rising in Chennai.

"Some 10% of our revenues are spent on rentals here,"
he says.

"We pay more than $1 for a square foot of office space
here. In Kuala Lumpur the same costs us less than $1
and I get class A infrastructure."

Cheaper elsewhere

Entrepreneur Sanjoy Bose relocated his company Buzznet
labs from Chennai in India to Malaysia three years ago
to take advantage of such benefits.

Mr Bose believes that the move has helped him raise
his company's productivity and lower operational
costs.

Moreover, Malaysia with its Indian influences is home
away from home for him.

"The operating costs in Malaysia are lower than what I
paid in Chennai," he says.

"That's in terms of rentals, deposits and utility
charges.

"More critically, the lower attrition rate of my
technical staff here is the biggest benefit I am
facing in Malaysia."

According to the IT SME Association, which represents
small and medium IT firms, there are 3,200 such firms
across India and 620 in the state of Tamil Nadu alone,
of which the Chennai is the capital.

The Association says that its members' views and
wishes are often overlooked when major policy is
hammered out, even though they employ more than
500,000 people directly and contribute some $1bn to
the government in taxes.

Global challenge

As many of these companies are planning to move to
cheaper destinations in South Asia, it is not just the
bosses who are rooting for such moves.

Employees are happy to relocate abroad as well.

For Deepa Ramachandra, who works in one such small IT
firm, moving abroad is an opportunity gain
international exposure.

Along with it comes a shot at earning more money and
living a different lifestyle.

"For any kind of professional, international
experience is really good," Ms Ramachandra says.

"So moving abroad is a good option for all of us here.

"Working face to face with the client is definitely
better than trying to figure out solutions over long
drawn telephone conversations."

Thinking big

The government seems to think otherwise.

"The best chance for these small IT firms to grow is
here in India," according to the Dr Chandramouli, IT
secretary of the state of Tamil Nadu.

"If they want to ramp up their operations it is only
here they can do that.

"Moving away to another country is a knee-jerk
reaction on their part and I would advise them to wait
to see what policies we are bringing out."

Over the last five years the administration of Chennai
has been actively developing a 20km stretch of land
into an international style IT corridor.

Many top Indian IT firms, such as Infosys, have
already set up their offices here.

But while the state goes about aggressively promoting
itself as a serious IT destination the smaller
companies say the focus is completely on the biggies
with their deep pockets.

Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/business/7322802.stm
Published: 2008/03/31 23:05:09 GMT
© BBC MMVIII

Awas License Palsu

2008-04-03T00:31:00.000-07:00

Jakarta - Pihak Kepolisian telah melakukan razia dipusat perdagangan komputer Harco Mangga Dua. Dalam aksi itu, penjuallabel palsu pun dibekuk.

Tepatnya, Kepolisian membekuk jaringan yang menjual dan mendistribusikan label sertifikat keaslian (Certificate of Authenticity/CoA) untuk piranti lunak Microsoft. Sebanyak 30 label yang diduga sebagai CoA palsu disita dalam aksi tersebut.

BrigjenWenny Warouw, Direktur II Ekonomi dan Khusus Bareskrim Mabes Polri,mengatakan penyergapan dilakukan pada 10 Maret 2008 pada pukul 11:30hingga 16:00 WIB pada toko komputer berinisial WK. Polisi kemudianmemperluas razia dengan mendatangi pemasok WK, yaitu One FI yang jugaberada di Harco Mangga Dua.

Dalam kasus ini terdapat duatersangka pelaku, masing-masing berinisial B dan A. Keduanya barudikenakan wajib lapor dan belum ditahan untuk proses penyidikan.Demikian keterangan Wenny dalam jumpa pers di Warung Daun, Pakubuwono,Jakarta, Kamis (3/4/3008).

Sumber CoA palsu tersebut, menurutWenny, diduga kuat berasal dari Cina dan bukan buatan Indonesia.Kepolisian, lanjutnya, telah menghubungi interpol terkait kasustersebut. Namun, Wenny enggan mengungkapkan lebih lanjut kerjasamapihaknya dengan interpol.

Anti Suryaman, License ComplianceManager Microsoft Indonesia, mengaku heran bahwa label CoA palsu dijualseharga US$ 70 - 75 per label. "Itu tidak jauh dengan harga software asli Microsoft Windows XP. Paling cuma beda sekitar US$ 5 sudah dapat Windows yang asli," ujar Anti pada kesempatan yang sama.

CoAmerupakan salah satu indikator keaslian piranti lunak yang terpasangdalam sebuah komputer. Anti menjelaskan, CoA asli tak pernah dijualterpisah dari cakram instalasi produk Microsoft. "Jika dijual terpisah,sudah pasti itu palsu," Anti menegaskan.

Diskusikan seputar HaKI dan pembajakan melalui sub-forum khusus di detikINET Forum

keep password

2008-04-01T20:24:00.000-07:00

Dapat info dari teman, kalau ternyata option untuk keep password di Mikrotik itu rawan hacking...
kenapa?
karena password tersebut ternyata disimpan dalam file dengan keadaan telanjang alias tidak di encrypt...
so buat temen2 yang pakai Mikrotik, hindari option keep password.

be a good admin yah...
salam

www.sekolahlinux.com

Adobe brings AIR to Linux

2008-04-01T02:16:00.000-07:00

joins Linux Foundation Posted by Martin LaMonica | 7 comments
Correction:
The official name of AIR is now just AIR and the software is not a Web
browser plug-in. The article has been changed to reflect that.Adobe Systems on Monday is expected to release an alpha version of AIR on Linux and announce that it is joining the Linux Foundation.

AIR is Adobe's software for running and creating Web applications that run both online and offline. AIR 1.0, released late last month, runs on Windows and Mac OS. Adobe had said it will port AIR to Linux and then mobile devices.

As part of the AIR-on-Linux release, Adobe is making an update to the
alpha version of its Flex Builder framework for Linux. Both will be
made available at Adobe Labs for free and will be completed later this
year.

Adobe said that it joined the Linux Foundation to help promoterich Internet application development on Linux. It's a bid to raise itscommitment to Linux-based software on the desktop, where it's support until now has been limited.
Google is sponsoring programmers at CodeWeavers who are using Wine to write a Linux version of Photoshop and other Creative Suite applications.
Adobe has also sought to work with open-source software more, in general. It has open-sourced development tools,including its Flex development framework, and contributed a scriptingengine to the Mozilla Foundation for inclusion in the Firefox Webbrowser.