All In One! Experience

Video TNI Latihan Perang

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sun, 04 Mar 2012 00:02:00 +0000

Tetara Nasional Indonesia (TNI) adalah pasukan keamanan Negara Indonesia terkuat di Asia Tenggara. Namun demikian, tidak serta merta TNI harus bangga denga predikat itu. Karena Negara-Negara di Asia Tenggara lainnya pun terus memperkuat Pertahanannya untuk menjadi yang terbaik, salah satunya yaitu dengan berlatih perang.

Video ini merekam beberapa dari sekian banyak latihan perang oleh TNI di Indonesia. Pada video tersebet, TNI sedang menembakkan RM 70 GRAD sejenis truk yang dilengkapi dengan 40 rocket launcher yang digunakan untuk meluncurkan 40 rudal secara bergantian.

Saat ini, kekuatan militer Indonesia berada pada peringkat 18 Dunia tepat diatas Thailand diposisi 19, Philippine di 23, dan Malaysia di peringkat 27.
Berikut Gambar yang diambil dari situs military power :

Maka dari itu, mari kita dukung terus Tentara Nasional Indonesia kita untuk terus menjaga kedaulatan Republik Indonesia!

AdSense/AdChoises Support Bahasa Indonesia

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Fri, 02 Mar 2012 02:40:00 +0000

Luar binasa!!!

Kemarin saya telah mendapatkan email dari cinta saya google Adsense/Adchoises bahwa AdSense telah menambahkan bahasa Indonesia kedalam daaftar anggotanya.

Ini karena blogger Indonesia dipercaya oleh Google dalam kejujuran bermain AdSense.

Berikut adalah bukti bahwa Bahasa Indonesia telah mendukung AdSense :

karena "Bahasa Indonesia" dimengerti dan dipelajari di 75 negara didunia, maka dengan adanya support google ini Bahasa Indonesia akan semakin populer didunia. dan negara tetangga pun pasti akan menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia untuk membuat blog, terutama negara Singaphore, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Philippine Selatan, Thailand Selatan, dan Timor Leste. Selamat untuk Indonesia!

Pesan untuk para blogger, jangan sia-siakan kesempatan emas ini! bermainlah dengan jujur agar Google tetap percaya dengan blogger Indonesia.

Sekali lagi, Selamat!! Selamat berburu Dollar!! see you!!.. :D

HOW TO MAKE DANBO PAPERCRAFT

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 11:35:00 +0000

How to Make Danbo Papercraft - Did you know what is Danbo? Danbo or Danboard is a papercraft creation of Azuma Kiyokiho. He is a Yotsuba's manga author. This papercraft is very unique, action figure with human appearance with mini size (7-13 cm).

In Japan, Danbo Papercraft is sold at about 5000 yen. Wanna have Danbo papercraft? You can order in Amazon.com. Hhmmm... it's very cute papercraft.

But, you can know how to make Danbo papercraft easily now. Seriously! You just need to download this document.
1. Danbo papercarft sketch
2. Steps

At Danbo papercraft sketch, you can edit first at Photoshop or coloring directly. Because the colours are still blank. So you can make your own Danbo creation. That's all, bro! So easy rigth? You can share How to Make Danbo Papercraft for your friends, maybe they will need. But, you have to show your Danbo creation first, then give them the tutorials... :D

Below is the example of Danbo's action.

Danbo in shower.

Cara Buat Danbo, Boneka Kertas )^^)/

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 01:06:00 +0000

Ya, Danbo..
Danbo adalah mainan boneka kerta yang bisa ditekuk tekuk, bisa diputar-putar dengan expresi yang bisa dibilang mengikuti apa mau kita..

Ini beberapa danbo gue yang proses pembuatannya memakan waktu sekitar 22 jam T.T #lama banget..

Sebenernya nggak cuman itu doang yang aku buat, masih ada 3 lagi yang ada.. tp nggak sempet ngambil fotonya.. #kalian tau sendiri Hpku kayak apa T.T #beliin dong..

Nama dari danbo aku yang putih itu namanya "Sumiyati" dan yang biru (kayak ninja #emeng ninja --") namanya rohman..

Pertama kali aku buat si danbo ini awalnya cuman pake kertas A4 biasa, (tp sebaiknya jangan), pas udah aku prin sketsanya, trus udah tak lem, tinggal masang-masangin #emang kawein masal XD.. ehh.. malah ditindih sama temen +_+..

Yah.. kalo kalian pengen yang namanya pengen buat danbo kayak si sumi danbo aku punya.. aku punya rangkanya kalo kalian pengen buat..

Tapi!!!! ada syaratnya :

- sediakan kertas (jangan HVS biasa) usahakan karton, manila, kertas kebo #alias bufalo malah bagus. jadi nggak usah ngukur kertas ke ukuran A4 lagi..

- sediain lem ketas (jangan yang udah mau kering lemnya baru dipake --" (tak jamin bakal emosi!).

- Gunting sama cutternya sekalian.. #jangan pake golok :takuts

- yang terakhir sediain "sabar" yang cukup buat bikin nih dano..

OK! let's go...

ini sketsa si SUMI.. (langsung print di kertas #inget! jangan HVS biasa --")

SUMI :

(kepala, engsel, dan kaki)

(badan,engsel, dan tangan)

Kalo buat sketsa yang seperti diatas, kalian butus 2 blembar kertas untuk membuatnya..

caranya kayak gini :

Pertama, gunting bagian sketsa Danbo yang telah di print satu persatu dengan rapi.

Tips 2: Gunakan pisau cutter untuk melubangi kertas

Kedua, setelah semua sketsa tergunting, kemudian lem sisi kertas yang telah ditentukan(pinggiran warna putih). Lalu kelompokkan bagian kepala, badan, kaki, dan tangan.

Tips 3: Gunakan tusuk gigi untuk mengolesi lem pada kertas. Tusuk gigi juga berfungsi untuk melengkungkan bagian yang harus dibulatkan.

Tips 3

Tips 4: Iris halus dengan cutter pada bagian patahan untuk memudahkan menekuk kertas.

Tips 4

Ketiga, satukan bagian-bagian yang telah dikelompokkan. Dan inilah hasilnya...

Keempat, Semoga nggak bingung..

Sedangkan untuk si Rohman (yang kayak ninja #emang ninja!! --") hanya membutuhkan 1 kertas saja. Seketsa ini bukan asli design si rohman, tp gambar ini saya ambil dari google #nemu (^^)v..

Kalo yang satu ini gambang banget cara buatnya, tinggal potong sesuai garis.. udah deh tinggal masangin.. #cool B)

Kalo masih bingung cara bikinnya, di google masih banyak yang membahas hal kayak ginian.. moga lancar Jaya #cemungut kakaak !! *\(^.^)/*

Basic Commands Between Linux and Windows with Similarities and Differences

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 02:07:00 +0000

TASK

NAME: Bahtiar B. S.

NIM: 3105211010

Prodi: Computer Systems

[OPERATING SYSTEM TASK]

Windows and LINUX Differences and Difference Equations and Its Commands - commands basically.

About the Command Line

Just as when you type a command at the DOS command line or command line in Linux is also typed at the prompt and terminated by pressing the Enter key on keyboarduntuk execute the command.

The command line is a more efficient way to do any work. Therefore Linux users still rely on this method to work. We recommend that beginners should know and at least once using this command line because someday the knowledge of these commands can be very necessary.

The following will explain some basic commands that may later be frequently used, especially by the beginner. Attention: knowledge of other commands that will soon grow in line with the progress you've mastered this Linux operating system.

An explanation of each command will be shortened course and to find out more detail the functions of a command, you can view the manual, for example by typing man command:

man is the command to display the manual of a command. The way to use it is to type man followed by the command we want to know the manual use.

Example:

$ Man ls

The above command is used to show how to use the ls command is complete.

Basic Linux Commands

As your guide, here's a list in alphabetical order. Actually, you can just hit tab twice to see all the possible commands that can be used. Suppose you want to know any command that begins with the letter a, then you just type a and press tab twice!

According to the Alphabetical List of Commands

& Adduser alias bg cd cat chgrp chmod chown cp fg find grep gzip hostname halt kill less login logout ls man mesg mkdir more mount mv pwd rm rmdir shutdown passwd su umount unalias tail talk tar unzip WHO xhost + xset wall zip

&

Command & is used to execute commands on the back (background) Example:

wget http://id.wikibooks.org &

Command & used behind other commands to run in the background. What is a street in the background? Road dibackground intention is we allow the system to execute commands on their own without our participation, and free up shell / command prompt can be used to run other commands.

See also the commands gzip and unzip.

wall

Transmit and communicate the message content and display it in each user terminal that is being logged. This command is useful for the superuser or root to give a warning to all users, for example, notice that the server will shut down shortly.

# Dear wall, everyone ..... Sorry I'm Feeling Angry, I turn off the server will be 10 minutes longer.

WHO

To show who's logged in and active / currently running programs. This command will display information about the login name, terminal type, login time and remote hostname for each user who was logged. For example:

$ WHO

ttyp0 root May 22 11:44

Flory ttyp2 May 22 11:59

pooh ttyp3 May 22 12:08

xhost +

This command is used to grant access or remove access (xhost -) host or individual user to a server X.

xset

This command is to set some options in the X Window as a bell, mouse speed, fonts, screen saver parameters and so on. For example the sound of the bell and the speed of your mouse can be set using this command:

$ Xset b <volume> <frekuensi> <durasi in="" milidetik="">

$ Xset m <akselerasi> <threshold>

zip

This command will create and add files into a zip archive file. See also command gzip and unzip.

DOS commands

DOS commands are commands that can be run in the [operating system]] DOS. In the DOS operating system, there are two types of orders, namely:

 internal command (internal command), ie commands that have been incorporated into the COMMAND.COM (DOS command interpreter), so it can be directly executed by the DOS kernel, anywhere.

 external command (external command), ie commands that are not included in COMMAND.COM, and requires an executable file (a DOS program) to be contained in the active directory.

The following table lists the commands contained in the MS-DOS.

Type command command Specification

BREAK Sets Internal checks of key presses Ctrl + C or foil.

Internal CD atauCHDIR Changing current directory to another directory specified in the parameter. If executed with no parameters, then this command will display the location where the directory is on.

CHCP Internal If run without parameters, this command will display the code page (character set) in the form of figures that are being used. This command can also be used to change the code page for all devices that support the turn of a collection of characters.

CLS Internal Cleaning the screen and place the cursor at the left corner of the screen. This command has no parameters.

Internal COPY Copy one or more files from one location to another are determined. This command has two parameters, namely the parameters of the source file and destination to which files will be copied.

Internal CTTY This command will replace the terminal device (terminal device / tty) used to control the computer.

Internal DATE This command will display the current date. This command also can set the computer date.

Internal atauERASE DEL Deleting files specified in the parameter. Parameters can be either file or multiple file names compiled using wildcard characters.

DIR Internal If used without parameters, this command can display a list of the files and subdirectories contained in the active directory. This file has one parameter, namely the location of the directory where you want to display a list of directory contents.

EXIT Exit from the shell COMMAND.COM Internal secondary and back again to the primary COMMAND.COM.

Internal atauLOADHIGH LH Load a program into upper memory blocks.

Internal LOCK command is to allow direct access to your hard disk. This command is only available to the MS-DOS in Windows 95/98.

MKDIRatau MD Internal Create a directory in the active directory.

Internal PATH Specifies where the MS-DOS should look for files that can be executed as a program.

Internal PROMPT Change the MS-DOS command prompt.

Internal RD RMDIRatau Deleting an empty directory. Will fail if the directory contains files or other subdirectories. Use an external command to delete a total DELTREEuntuk a directory tree.

Internal atauRENAME REN Rename one or multiple files (with wildcard characters).

Internal SET Displays, delete or set environment variables. Generally, this command is inserted into the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.

Internal TIME Displays or sets the current time.

Internal TYPE Displays the contents of a file (in text form) into the standard output.

UNLOCK disables access internal hard disk directly. This command is only available to the MS-DOS in Windows 95/98.

VER Displays the internal version of the operating system used.

Telling internal VERIFY operating system in order to verify that the files are written to the storage medium has been perfectly written, and displays the status verification. This command is by default turned on by the MS-DOS.

Internal VOL Displays the name of the label of a volume or partition.

SOME SIMILARITIES BETWEEN FUNCTION COMMANDS DOS (WINDOWS) AND TEXT (LINUX)

No. Linux Windows Description

1 ls-l dir name> direktori> Viewing the contents of the directory

2 Change directory cd cd

3 rm-r Removes directories rmdir or rd

4 mkdir Make a directory mkdir or md

5 Cp Copying copy files

6 Pwd chdir Displays the current directory location

7 Rm del Delete a file

8 Cat type Displays the contents of the file in ASCII form to the screen

9 Mv rename or move Renaming files

10 grep find Find word in file

11 man-help namaperintah or namaperintah namaperintah help or /? Displays the help menu

Cls Clear the screen Clean 12

13 Replace filename by adding a dot in front

(. Filename) attrib + h filename (or attrib-h filename to bring up

Hiding files back

14 Date Indicates the date or time

15 vi or emacs filename filename or edit filename pico filename Editing files

16 route-n netstat-r or route print Displays the routing-table

17 traceroute tracert alamatIP alamatIP Perform trace to a destination host in the network

18 ping ping alamatIP alamatIP Sending ICMP packets

19 traceroute tracert alamatIP alamatIP Perform trace to a destination host in the network

20 uname-a ver Displays the operating system version

21 Ifconfig ipconfig (Windows NT) winipcfg (Windows 95x) Displays the configuration of the network card (NIC)

DOS Linux Explanation

Ln assign Create a file or directory link

<command></command> /? man <command></command> Help about the command

break on ctrl-break Trap Trap / Trap signals

Change directory cd cd

Display Pwd chdir directory location

cls Clear screen Clear

Cp copy Copy a file

Date date Displays or sets the date

Rm del Deletes one or more files

ls dir Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory

DOS Linux Explanation

DOSKEY / h List command history history history

echo echo Displays messages, or turns command-echoing on or off

vim edit (or other editor) Editor to edit files

exit exit Exit the command prompt

fc diff compare two files and show differences

find grep Searches for a text string in a file or files

mke2fs format Formats a disk or mformat

Look for grep find a word in files given in command line

Print hostname hostname host name of the computer

Display ifconfig ipconfig / configure network interfaces

free mem Displays the amount of used and free memory in your system

mkdir mkdir Create a Directory

more events more or less Displays output one screen at a time

mv move Moves files and renames files and directories

ping ping Send packets to a network host

route print route-n Print the routing table

reboot shutdown-r now Reboot System

ren mv renames a file or files

set set or env List all environment variables

tracert traceroute Show routes and router hops to given network destination

time date Displays or sets the system time

ps-aux tasklist top Top List executable name, process ID number and memory usage of active processes

paint type Dump contents of a file to users screen

Uname-a ver Operating system / shell version

startx win Start X-windows

xcopy cp-R Copy all files of directory recursively

OVERVIEW OF THIS DIFFERENCE OF WINDOWS AND LINUX

Microsoft Windows or better known as Windows is a family of operating systems. olehMicrosoft developed, using a graphical user interface.

Windows operating systems have evolved from the MS-DOS, an operating system based on text mode and command-line. The first version of Windows, Windows Graphic Environment 1.0 was first introduced on 10 November 1983, but only out of the market in November 1985, which was made to meet the computer needs to display a picture. Windows 1.0 is 16-bit software (not an operating system) that runs on MS-DOS (and some variants of the MS-DOS), so he will not be able to run without a DOS operating system. Version 2.x, 3.x versions of the same. Some versions of Windows (starting from version 4.0 and Windows NT 3.1) is an independent operating system that no longer depend on the operating system MS-DOS. Microsoft Windows and can be developed and can be controlled using the operating system up to 90%

A Brief History of Windows

Starting from DosShell for Microsoft's DOS 6 and Microsoft wanted to compete against the best-selling Apple Macintosh that uses a GUI, Microsoft created Windows 1.0. The name is derived from the Microsoft employees who call the name of the application as a Windows program (Windows Program). Windows version 2 is the first Windows versions can install the program. The only program that can be added is a Microsoft Word version 1. Windows version 3 promises more additional applications, completeness of use, beauty of the user interface or interface and easy configuration. Windows version 3.1 is the version of Windows that can optimize its use in the processor 32-bit Intel 80386 and above. Windows Version 3.11 is the last version of Windows before the era of the Start Menu. Windows 3.11 was the first Windows version that supports networking / network. Hybrid version can be run without MS-DOS. The hybrid version is installed itself with DOS 7. Unlike the 16-bit Windows version which is a shell which must be installed through DOS first. Application is different. Although Windows 9X can run 16-bit Windows applications, but Windows 9X has a grade applications themselves - X86-32, Windows 9X is very popular with the BSOD (Blue Screen of Death).

LINUX

Linux (pronounced lɪnəks or / lɪnʊks /) is the name given to the Unix computer operating system. Linux is one example of the development of free software and open source key. Like the free software and other open source in general, Linux source code can be modified, used and redistributed freely by anyone.

The name "Linux" comes from the name of the author, which was introduced in 1991 by Linus Torvalds. The system, equipment danpustakanya systems generally come from the GNU operating system, which was announced in 1983 by Richard Stallman. The GNU contribution is the basis of the alternative name GNU / Linux.

Linux has long been known for its use in servers, and backed by leading computer companies like Intel, Dell, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Novell, Oracle Corporation, Red Hat, and Sun Microsystems. Linux is used as the operating system on various types of computer hardware, including desktop computers, supercomputers, [4], and Embedded systems such as electronic book readers, video game systems (PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3 and XBox [5]), mobile phones and routers. Analysts believe the success of information technology Linux because Linux does not depend on the vendor (vendor independence), low operating cost, and high compatibility compared to the UNIX version is not free, as well as the safety factor and high stability compared to other operating systems like Microsoft Windows. These characteristics are also a testament to the excellence model of open source software development (open source software).

Linux operating system known as Linux distribution (Linux distribution) or Linux distributions generally include a device-support software such as web servers, programming languages, databases, desktop display (desktop environment) sepertiGNOME, KDE and Xfce also has a package of office applications ( office suite), such as OpenOffice.org, KOffice, Abiword, Gnumeric danLibreOffice.

History

Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU project, and Linus Torvalds, the maker of the Linux kernel

Unix operating system developed and implemented in the 1960's and was first released in 1970. Availability and compatibility factors that cause high can be used, copied and modified extensively by academic institutions and the businessman.

Linux logo

Linux Logo (Tux) began when Linus Torvalds was a walk in the park Perth. As I was walking it was Linus Torvalds in the stakes by Penguin scores and fever for days. He thinks that the character penguin suited to become the logo of its new operating system. Then held a competition to design a new logo Linux, and the competition was won by Larry Ewing who successfully depicts a penguin who is sitting.

The GNU Project

The GNU project which began in 1984 has the objective to create an operating system compatible with Unix and completely and totally made up of free software. In 1985, Richard Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation and developed the GNU General Public License (GNU General Public License or GNU GPL). Most programs required by an operating system (such as libraries, compilers, text editors, a Unix shell and window system) were completed in the early 1990's, although low level elements such as device drivers, and kernel jurik still unfinished at the time . Linus Torvalds once said that if the GNU kernel was available at that time (1991), he would not have decided to write his own.

MINIX

MINIX, a Unix-like system intended for academic use was released by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in 1987. MINIX 1.0 source code contained in bukunyaOperating Systems: Design and Implementation. Although it can be easily obtained, modification and redistribution is not allowed at the time. The copyright of the source code is included in the copyright of his book, published by Prentice Hall. In addition, the design of 16-bit versions of MINIX then not well adapted to the 32-bit version of the Intel 386 architecture is cheap and popular which is widely used in personal computers.

In 1991, Torvalds began to work to make non-commercial versions of MINIX replacement when he studied at the University of Helsinki. The results of that job which then would menjadikernel Linux.

In 1992, Tanembaum write an article on Usenet, claiming that Linux was obsolete. In his article, he criticizes Linux as an operating system with the design of monolithic and too fixated with the x86 architecture so as not to be portable, in which he describes as a "fundamental mistake". Tanenbaum suggested that those who want a modern operating system should look to a design that based on the microkernel model. The article emphasizes the responsibility of Torvalds led to a debate about the design of a monolithic kernel and microkernel.

Today Linux has been used in various domains, from the Embedded system [11] to supercomputers, and has had a secure position in the installation of a web server with LAMP application of her popular. Linux kernel development was followed by Torvalds, while Stallman heads the Free Software Foundation, which supports the development of GNU components. In addition, many individuals and companies who develop non-GNU components. Communities combine and distribute the Linux kernel, GNU components and non-GNU software package management in Linux distributions.

Pronunciation

In 1992, Torvalds explained how he spelled the word Linux:

"'Li' is spelled with the sound [ee] short, 'nux' too short, non-diphthong, as in put. Linux is just a working name for something, and because I wrote it to replace minix on my system, the result is what it is ... Linus' minix became linux. "

Torvalds made an example of how sound audio that contains the spelling in English and Swedish. However, an interview of the year 2001Revolution OS documentation indicates that the way the spelling slightly changed.

In English, many people tend to spell Linux as [lɪnʊks] or [lɪnəks].

Design

Linux is a modular Unix-like operating system. Linux has a lot of design derived from the basic design of Unix was developed in the period of the 1970s until the 1980s. Linux uses a monolithic kernel, the Linux kernel which handles process control, networking, peripherals and accessing the file system. Device drivers are integrated into the kernel.

Many high-level functions in Linux are handled by separate projects which integrate with the kernel. The GNU userland is an important part of the Linux system that provides a shell and equipment that handles many of the basic functions of the operating system. Above the kernel, these devices form a complete Linux system with a graphical user interface that can be used, typically runs on top of X Window System.

User interface

Linux can be controlled by one or more command-line interface (command line interface or CLI)-based text, graphical user interfaces (graphical user interface or GUI, which is generally a default configuration for the desktop version).

On the desktop, GNOME, KDE and Xfce are the most popular user interface, although there are a number of variants of the user interface. The most popular user interfaces run on top of X Window System (X), which provides network transparency memperolehkan a graphical application running on one machine but displayed and controlled on other machines.

GUI others have X window managers such as FVWM, Enlightenment, Fluxbox, IceWM and Window Maker. Manager window provides controls for the placement and appearance of individual application windows as well as interaction with the X window system

A Linux system typically provides a command line interface via a shell, which is a traditional way to interact with a Unix system. A Linux distribution specialized for servers environment may have only CLI as their only interface. A system that does not have a monitor can only be controlled via the command line via protocols such as SSH or telnet.

Most low-level Linux components, including the GNU Userland, use the CLI exclusively. CLI suitable for use in automation environments repetitive tasks or delayed, and provides inter-process communication is very simple. A graphical terminal emulator program is often used to access the CLI from a Linux desktop.

Development

A summary of the history of the operating system-type operating system Linux Unixmenunjukkan origin. Consider the concept and design despite having the same architecture, Linux does not have the source code that is not free as well as Unix or Minix.

The main difference between Linux and other popular operating systems lies in the Linux kernel and its components are free danterbuka. Linux is not the only operating system in that category, however Linux is the best example and most used. Some free software licenses and open source based on the principles of copyleft, a concept that embraces the principle of: works produced from the copyleft must be also a copyleft. Free software license is the most common, the GNU GPL, is a form of copyleft, and is used by the Linux kernel and the components from the GNU project.

Linux system is closely related to standards POSIX, SUS, ISO and ANSI. However, new Linux-FT distribution are POSIX.1 certified.

Projects free software, although developed in the form of collaboration, often released separately. However, because the license-free software licenses explicitly permit redistribution, there are projects that aim to collect software-the software and making it available at the same time in a form called Linux distributions.

A Linux distribution, commonly called a "distro", is a project that aims to organize a collection of Linux-based software and facilitate the installation of a Linux operating system. Linux distributions are handled by individuals, teams, volunteer organizations and commercial entities. Linux distributions have a system and application software in the form of packages and software that is specifically designed for installation and system configuration. The software is also responsible for updating the package. A Linux Distribution is responsible for the default configuration, security systems and integration in general of the software packages of Linux systems.

Community

A command line session menggunakanbash.

Linux is controlled by the developer and user community. Some vendors develop and fund their own distribution with a voluntary basis. Debian is a good example. The other has a community version of the commercial version as yangRed Hat did with Fedora.

In many cities and regions, local associations known as Linux Users Groups (Linux Users Group or LUG) promote Linux by holding meetings, demonstrations, training, technical support and installation of the Linux operating system for free. There are also many Internet communities that provide support to developers and users of Linux. Many projects and distribution of open source software that has a room or newsgroup IRC conversation. Online forums are another form to get support, for example: LinuxQuestions.org and the Gentoo forums. Linux distributions have a mailing list with the division of topics such as the use or development.

There are several web sites that berfokuskan technology to Linux. Linux Weekly News is a weekly digestion of the news related to Linux. Meanwhile, Linux Journal is an online magazine of Linux are released every month. Slashdot is a news web sites related to technology that has a lot of news about Linux and free software. Groklaw has in-depth news about the progress of Linux and has a lot of articles related to the Linux kernel and its relationship with GNUdalam GNU project. Linux Magazine prints generally have a cover disc that contains software or even a complete Linux distribution.

Although Linux is generally available free of charge, several large companies undergoing business model which consists of sales, support and contributions to Linux and free software, including Dell, IBM, HP, Sun Microsystems, Novell, and Red Hat. Free software license which is used to explicitly accommodate the commercialization of Linux; the relationship between Linux and individual vendors may be seen as a symbiosis. One common business model of commercial suppliers is charging for support, especially to business users. Some companies offer a business version of their Linux distribution, which include support for the packages are not free and the tools to manage a large number of installations or to ease administrative tasks. Another business model is to provide free software to hardware sales.

Programming in Linux

Most Linux distribution supports many programming languages. Collection of tools for building applications and operating system programs commonly found in the GNU toolchain, which consists of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) and GNU build system. GCC provides compilers for Ada, C, C + +, Java, and Fortran. The Linux kernel itself is written to be compiled by GCC. Compiler not free (proprietary) for Linux include the Intel C + + Compiler and IBM XL C / C + + Compiler.

Most distributions also has support for Perl, Ruby, Python and other dynamic programming languages. Examples of programming languages that are not common, but still get support on Linux, among others, is C # with the Mono project, sponsored by Novell, and Scheme. A number of Java Virtual Machine and equipment in the way the Linux developers including Sun Microsystems JVM (HotSpot), and IBM's J2SE RE, as well as open source projects like Kaffe. The two main frameworks for developing graphical applications on Linux are GNOME and KDE. These projects are based on GTK + and Qt. Both support a variety of programming languages. Integrated development environment for there is Anjuta, Code:: Blocks, Eclipse, KDevelop, Lazarus, MonoDevelop, NetBeans, and Omnis Studio while the long text editor available is Vimdan Emacs.

Use

Most Linux distribution designed for general use on the computer desk and servers, but there is a distribution which is devoted to the purpose and the different environments that depend on computer architecture support, Embedded systems, stability, security, localization to a region or a specific language, specific user groups, support real time applications, or a particular desktop environment. Some distributions even include only free software. Today there are about three hundred distributions are actively developed, with about a dozen distribution became popular for general use.

Linux is an operating system that is widely ported. The Linux kernel was originally designed only for Intel 80386 microprocessors, the Linux kernel now has roads on a variety of computer architectures, among others, in the hand-held ARM-based iPAQ, IBM System z9 mainframe computer, mobile phone in the form of equipment to supercomputers. There is a distribution which is devoted to a small number of architecture. ELKS kernel fork can run on the microprocessor 16-bit Intel 8086 or Intel 80286, while the μClinux kernel fork can run on systems that do not have a memory management unit.

Computer desk

Although there are still shortcomings in terms of porting Linux to some software Mac OS X and Microsoft Windows for domains such as desktop publishing and professional audio, applications roughly the same as applications for Mac and Windows is available on Linux.

Most Linux distributions provide a program to see a list of thousands of free software that has been tested and configured for a specific distribution. These free programs can be downloaded and installed with a single mouse click and a digital signature to ensure that no one has added a virus atauspyware to those programs.

Many popular free software in Windows such as Pidgin, Mozilla Firefox, OpenOffice.org and the GIMP. The amount paid in the Linux software is also increasing rapidly as the Adobe Flash Player, Acrobat Reader, Matlab, Nero Burning ROM, Opera, RealPlayer, and Skype. In the animation and visual effects, there is also software on Linux as well as Windows like Autodesk Maya, Softimage XSI and Apple Shake. CrossOver is a paid software-based open source Wine project that can be running an older version of Microsoft Office and Adobe Photoshop. Microsoft Office 2007 and Adobe Photoshop CS3 is known to run

Copyrights and trademarks

Linux kernel and most GNU software use the GNU General Public License (GPL) as the base license. GPL requires anyone who distributes the Linux kernel must make the source code (and any modification of it) available to users with the same criteria. In 1997, Linus Torvalds stated, "Making the GPL-based Linux really is the best thing I ever did." Another important component in the Linux system is allowed to use a license other than GPL; many libraries use the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), GPL variant more moderate, and the X Window System uses the MIT License.

Linus Torvalds has stated to a general audience that he would not move the Linux kernel license that is currently using the GPL version 2 to GPL version 3, which ditembangkan in mid-2007, by reason of some provision contained in the new license prohibits the use of software in management Digital rights (UK: Digital rights management).

Research conducted in 2001 against Red Hat Linux 7.1 found that the distribution of such software comprises 30 million lines of code. By using the algorithm of constructive cost model (UK: Constructive Cost Model), the study estimates that such distributions takes about eight thousand years of work to develop it. According to the study, if all elements of the software were developed by conventional means in the sense that as the software is closed, the development of these distributions will cost 1.08 billion dollars (base year 2000 dollar value) to be developed in the United States.

Most of the code (71%) are written using the C programming language, but many other languages are also involved such as C + +, Assembly, Perl, Python, Fortran, and various other scripting languages. More than half of all code is licensed under the GPL. Linux kernel itself consists of 2.4 million lines of code, or about 8% of the total.

Other studies produced similar analysis of the Debian GNU / Linux version 4.0. Distributions consist of more than 283 million lines of code, and the study estimates the cost of the necessary development of 5.4 billion euros if developed as a closed Our leading devices.

In the United States, Linux is a trademark (SN: 1916230) owned by Linus Torvalds. Linux is listed as "computer operating system programs for computer use and operation". The trademark was registered after an incident in which a forger named William R Della Croce Jr. began sending letters to the distributors of Linux and Linux is a trademark megklaim hakmiliknya and demanded royalties as much as 10% of them. The Linux distributors began to push for a genuine trademark given to Linus Torvalds. Linux trademark licensing is now under the supervision of the Linux Mark Institute.

Linux Distribution

There are many Linux distributions (better known as distributions) are made by individuals, groups, or other institutions. Each program included with the system and additional application programs, in addition to include a program to install the whole system on the computer (the installer program).

Core in every distribution of Linux is the kernel, a collection of programs from the GNU project (or projects), shell (shell), and aturcara utilities such as libraries (libraries), compiler, danpenyunting (editors). Most systems also include aturcara and non-GNU utilities. However, these utilities can be separated and UNIX-style systems are still available. Some examples are aturcara and utility of the BSD and system graphs-X (X-Window System). X provides a graphical interface (GUI) that are common to Linux.

Examples of Linux distributions:

 Ubuntu and its derivatives: Sabily (Ubuntu Muslim Edition), Kubuntu, Xubuntu, Edubuntu, GoBuntu, Gnewsense, ubuntuCE

 SuSE

 Fedora

 BackTrack

 Mandriva

 Slackware

 Debian

 PCLinuxOS

 Knoppix

 Xandros

 Sabayon

 CentOS

 Red Hat

 ClearOS

 ChromeOS

Application of the Linux operating system

Linux users, who generally do their own install and configuration of the system, are more likely to understand the technology than users of Microsoft Windows or Mac OS. They are often called hacker or geek. But the stereotype is increasingly reduced with increasing user-friendly nature and the growing breadth of Linux distribution users. Linux has made a pretty good achievement in the server computer market and special-purpose computer, such as image rendering engine and a web server. Linux is also gaining in popularity in the desktop computer market.

Linux is a principle to a combination of LAMP-server program, short for Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl / PHP / Python. LAMP has achieved widespread popularity among Web developers.

Linux is also often used as the operating system embeded. Linux procurement costs low allows its use in equipment such as the Simputer, a low-cost computer that is aimed at low-income population in developing countries.

With desktop environments like KDE and GNOME, Linux offers a user interface more like the Apple Macintosh or Microsoft Windows instead of a text line interfaces such as Unix. Therefore, more graphics program can be found on Linux that offers a variety of functions that exist in commercial utility.

Markets as well as ease of use

Currently, Linux is at first only an operating system that is used by computer enthusiasts, has become the system easier to use (user-friendly), equipped with a graphical interface and the availability of a wide range of applications that are more similar to other operating systems, rather than merely Unix command line. However, this impression has led to much criticism, including from supporters of Linux. They argue that Linux and free program project has yet to reach factor "kemudahanan in the use of" satisfactory. The question of ease of Linux compared to Windows or Macintosh is still an issue of heated debate. Linux on the computer market segment table is still smaller but growing. Institute for Market According to IDC, Linux is a big market in 2002 was 25% in the server segment, and 2.8% in the personal computer market segment.

For those who are accustomed to using Windows or Macintosh, Linux may seem more difficult, this is because the difference in doing various computer work. And again, the user needs to replace the programs that they use with other programs as a substitute when the program was not found in Linux (or the options are somewhat limited, such as computer games). Another factor is the nature keraguraguan users to release their usual operating system they use (many users are still using Windows). In addition, most new computers have been equipped with the Windows operating system ready for use (preinstalled). These factors led to a rather slow growth of Linux.

However, the advantages of Linux as a low cost, safer securities, and not rely on the vendor, has increased the use of a widespread among corporations and offices. In this situation, the obstacles mentioned above can be reduced since only the application / utility that is of limited use, as well as administration and configuration of the computer (administration) is controlled by a group of IT experts work a little.

There are various studies carried out limited costs and kemudahanan Linux. Relevantive (an institute based in Berlin, which specializes in the research institutes of ke'mudahan'an programs, as well as web services) have made the conclusion bahawa dapatpakai's Linux on the job by using a computer desk is almost the same as Windows XP. However, the study by IDC (funded by Microsoft) claims that Linux includes the cost of ownership (Total Cost of Ownership) is higher than Windows.

Linux is also often criticized for penembangannya schedule unpredictable. Directly, causing interest in the use of Linux in the Enterprise user layer is smaller than other operating systems (Source: Marcinkowski, 2003). In addition, various choices of Linux distributions are pretty much also is said to confuse the consumer, and vendor programs.

Installation

Linux is a difficult installation process is often a barrier for new users, but this process has now become easier. With the acceptance of Linux by several major manufacturers of personal computers, computer installed (built up) with ready-made Linux distributions currently available. In addition, there is also a Linux distribution that can be run (boot) directly from optical disc (CD) without the need to be installed to the hard disk (hard disk), this is known as the Live CD. Example in the form of Live CD distributions adalahKnoppix / Gnoppix, Kubuntu / Ubuntu and Gentoo. Currently almost all Linux distributions provide a version of the Live CD for its products. ISO image to optical disc for Linux distributions usually can be downloaded from the Internet, burned onto CDs, and can then be used as a CD that is ready for the boot process. Even the ISO image to some distros can be run directly without the need to burn into a CD / DVD.

Installing Linux is also the installation of the suite, which is where the installation will automatically install standard programs, such as MP3 players, Office Suite, and image processing.

Configuration

Linux configuration settings and applications on it much was done through a text file in the directory / etc. In further developments, utilities such as Linuxconf and GNOME System Tools facilitate this work through the graphical interface. Nevertheless, the command line (command line) remains the most commonly used.

Support

Support for Linux is usually obtained through a peer (in this context means a linux user group / KPLI) - other Linux users on the Internet forums, IRC, newsgroups danmailing list. Linux User Group (LUG, the Linux Users Group) has been established around the world to help local users, new users and experienced users. In Indonesia, the group joined in KPLI KPLI areas such as Jakarta, Bandung KPLI, KPLI NTB and many more. Assistance including installation, use, procurement and promoting the development of Linux systems.

Official support Linux in Indonesia can be obtained at the Linux User Group (LUG) Indonesia or http://linux.or.id or http://www.infolinux.or.id

Commercial support for Linux distributions in general using a business model by providing technical support. Third party support is also available.

The scale of the Linux development effort

A study (More Than a Gigabuck: estimating GNU / Linux 's Size [2]) against Red Hat Linux 7.1 found that this distribution contained 30 million lines of source code (''source lines of code (SLOC )''). Using the COCOMO cost model of this study show that this distribution requires development time as much as 8,000 years, when the software was developed by conventional proprietary means. And will spend approximately 1:08 billion dollars (2000 dollars) to be developed in the United States.

The majority of the code (71%) is written in C, but many other languages are used, including C + + shell scripts, Lisp, assembly language, Perl, Fortran and Python.

Approximately half of the licensed code under the GPL.

The Linux kernel contains 2.4 million lines of code, or about 8% of the total code that is used in a distribution / distro. This shows that the majority of Linux distributions consist of code that is not contained in the Linux Kernel.

"GNU / Linux"

GNU stands for GNU's Not Unix.

Caused utility-utility from the GNU free operating system project - without this Linux system will not resemble Unix system in a user's perspective - Richard Stallman of the GNU / FSFmemohon to a combination system (GNU Project and the Linux kernel), referred to as "GNU / Linux". Users of the Linux distributions Debian project is more likely to use the name. Most users more easily using the term "Linux".

#if you want the Indonesian version, please download here

Ubuntu Skin Pack (Theme) for Windows 7

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sun, 11 Dec 2011 14:30:00 +0000

No long to write. I just share what I have.. In this time I'll show you some theme for windows 7. This theme will change your windows look like ubuntu .. This is the original image from my computer after Ubuntu install theme:

if you are interested in this theme, you can download it here (Ubuntu Skin Pack). once downloaded install as usual, just follow the process. very easy, I hope you are happy. Enjoy.

My Message for Life Would Better More.

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 16:13:00 +0000

I give you 4,
Then Life would better more,

    yeah,that sound exciting when someone tell you things about good and make your life better. I feel that too. Also,someone who tells their experience of something that happens in past and that sounds great around your ears.
Well, maybe this list i have here is not so much as the pro, but sometimes good things doesn't come form the pro,right?

Let me bring down that 4 :

1. Wake up morning and do deep breathing.
    I usually do this. It feels great having an outside air, even not a fresh air, in the morning. It will make your allday fresh. Also,see some green in front of your eyes.Grass, plant, trees maybe but if you don't have some, you can see anything green. It does refresh you eyes.

2. See optimistic.
    Wow, it sure kind of weird when someone tell you "be optimistic in your life" but he can't handle his life. But, I mean this. I have been through things. And what we call "optimistic" is a must-have "skills". Some people born wth that,but some others not. But hey, it can be learnt. Not that hard, just try to see not what it looks like now, but try to see waht it can be someday.

3. Believe at reciprocal law
    What you give is what you get. That sounds not cool but eventually, it did happen. People is doing what you do to them. So, be good to other. Maybe people you treat good doesn't do good for you. But believe this, God is seeing you and the world know more than human, who is good and bad. It's a mirror.

4. Share you knowledge with others
    You should do this, I tell you. It make you feel good, alive and fun. Not only you but also people who you share with. Almost never bad feeling come when you share good things with other. Don't be some lonely guy, just keep your life on it's way to be. ALIVE!!!

    Live your life like it mean to be enjoy.

Array 1 Dimension, DocStoc

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 13:57:00 +0000

In computer science, an array data structure or simply array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements (values or variables), each identified by at least one index. An array is stored so that the position of each element can be computed from its index tuple by a mathematical formula.

fungsi -

Mega Proyek Indonesia

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 02:51:00 +0000

TOPIK : Siap bilang Indonesia masik miskin?
lihat juga : http://web-spacer.blogspot.com/2011/11/10-tahun-terakhir-yang-membanggakan.html

Indonesia merupakan anggota G-20 yang merupakan kelompok 19 negara dengan perekonomian besar di dunia ditambah dengan Uni Eropa. Indonesia juga merupakan salah satu negara besar di dunia dengan jumlah penduduk yang besar dan kekayaan alam melimpah. Walau didera krisis ekonomi, namun kini Indonesia mulai bangkit. Kini pembangunan di Indonesia tidak kalah dengan negara-negara lain. Indonesia bahkan memiliki mega proyek kelas dunia. Beberapa mega proyek yang sudah jadi adalah jembatan Suramadu dan Indoor Theme Park terbesar di dunia, Trans studio. Beberapa proyek akan menyusul. Ada yang masih dalam perencanaan dan ada juga yang sudah dalam tahap penyelesaian. Sepuluh diantara mega-mega proyek tersebut, adalah:

PERPUSTAKAAN UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA (UI)

Indonesia akan memiliki perpustakaan termodern, terbesar dan terindah di dunia yang akan berlokasi Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok di areal seluas 2,5 hektar. Lokasi bangunan berada di tepi danau Kenanga Universitas Indonesia dan berjarak sekitar 100 meter dari gedung rektorat.
Gedung perpustakaan ini akan memiliki luas bangunan 30.000 m2 serta terdiri atas delapan lantai. Gedung berlantai delapan ini dirancang tahan gempa dan ramah lingkungan. Kebutuhan energi menggunakan sumber terbarukan yakni energi matahari (solar energy) selain itu di dalam gedung tidak diperbolehkan menggunakan plastik. Pembangunan gedung delapan lantai ini ditargetkan selesai Desember 2009 dengan anggaran sekitar Rp 100 miliar.
Januari tahun depan diharapkan perpustakaan ini sudah bisa dibuka untuk civitas UI dan juga masyarakat umum. Pembangunan perpustakaan ini merupakan salah satu upaya UI menuju World Class University dan masuk ranking 100 besar perguruan tinggi terbaik di dunia.

JEMBATAN SELAT SUNDA

Jembatan Selat Sunda adalah salah satu proyek besar pembuatan jembatan yang melintasi Selat Sunda sebagai penghubung antara Pulau Jawa dengan Pulau Sumatera. Jembatan Selat Sunda ini akan menjadi jembatan terpanjang pertama di dunia yang dibangun dengan bentang tengah sampai 2.200 meter. Perkiraan biaya investasi yang dibutuhkan untuk pembangunan JSS sekitar Rp 100 triliun. Pembangunan proyek JSS membutuhkan waktu minimal 10 tahun. Kalau tahun 2012 sudah mulai dibangun rencananya jembatan sudah dibuka tahun 2022.
Pada jembatan tersebut akan dibuat enam lajur kendaraan, masing-masing tiga lajur dalam satu ruasnya. Jembatan selebar 60 meter ini juga dilengkapi dua jalur pejalan kaki dan jalur darurat. Tak hanya itu, jembatan ini juga akan dilengkapi dua rel kereta. Jembatan rencananya akan berada pada 70 meter di atas permukaan laut, dan melewati tiga pulau-pulau kecil di selat itu, yaitu Pulau Prajurit, Ular, dan Sangiang. Ini merupakan jembatan dengan panjang 29 kilometer yang akan menjadi jembatan terpanjang di dunia.

CENTER POINT OF INDONESIA

Makassar akan memiliki kawasan super megah sebagai pusat bisnis, wisata dan pendidikan yang dinamakan Center Point Of Indonesia. Center Point Of Indonesia dibangun di kawasan dengan luas total 600 hektar itu akan terdapat bangunan bangunan menjulang tinggi, pusat bisnis dan pemerintahan, kawasan hiburan, hotel hotel kelas dunia yang dilengkapi dengan lapangan golf dengan view ke laut lepas dan pemandangan menakjubkan ke pulau pulau di Teluk Makassar. Di kawasan ini juga akan dibangun Istana kepresidenan yang selama ini hanya berada di Jawa dan Bali. Istana ini nantinya berada di atas laut. Di kawasan CPI juga akan dibangun Masjid Termegah di Asia, sekelas Taj Mahal di India. Ada juga The Makassar Notradamus, yaitu taman 1000 patung Pahlawan Indonesia. Masih di lokasi yang sama, Makassar juga akan membangun Public Space atau area publik terluas di Dunia. Di lapangan nan luas ini, akan terdapat banyak kawasan hijau, tempat bermain, taman bunga, tempat beristrahat, dan tentunya pantai buatan. Di sekitar kawasan ini juga akan terdapat Waterfront dan Marinas.
Center Point Of Indonesia akan dilengkapi dengan dua jalan layang selebar masing masing 40 meter, waterway, monorail dan busway. Monorail di CPI akan menghubungkan kawasan megah ini ke Pusat Kota Makassar, hingga ke Bandara International Sultan Hasanuddin. Jika proyek ini benar benar terwujud maka Makassar akan melampaui Jakarta dalam hal mewujudkan angkutan Mass Rapit Transport idaman itu.
Center Point of Indonesia juga akan dilengkapi dengan sebuah menara yang menyerupai Oriental Pearl Tower di Shanghai. Menara setinggi 300 meter itu akan difasilitasi dengan dek anjungan berputar. Menara itu akan dibangun tepat di tengah tengah proyek CPI. Selain itu, Center Point of Indonesia akan memanjakan pengunjung karena sudah terintegrasi dengan Trans Studio Indoor Theme Park, karena akan dilewati oleh jalur Monorail. Nantinya beberapa pantai dan pulau-pulau buatan di CPI juga akan dihubungkan dengan kereta gantung (Gondola) terpanjang di Asia. Jika proyek ini selesai, maka Makassar akan melesat menjadi kota metropolitan modern dan terbesar kedua di Indonesia, melampaui Surabaya. Obsesi itu jugalah yang membuat Makassar bertekat untuk menjadi kota dunia di tahun 2030.

SURABAYA SPORT CENTER (SSC)

Surabaya segera akan memiliki kompleks olahraga supermegah dengan fasilitas superlengkap. Proyek bernama Surabaya Sport Center (SSC), yang memakan dana Rp 440,2 miliar, dijadwalkan selesai paling lambat Desember 2009 ini. Berlokasi di kawasan Benowo, Surabaya Barat, kompleks itu terdiri atas sebuah stadion utama berkapasitas 50 ribu penonton, sebuah stadion indoor berkapasitas 10 ribu penonton, dan sebuah masjid. Nanti kompleks tersebut juga direncanakan memiliki stadion atletik dan sirkuit.

MENARA JAKARTA

Jakarta akan segera memiliki salah satu menara tertinggi di dunia yang dinamakan “menara Jakarta“. Proyek Menara Jakarta yang sebelumnya terhenti akibat badai krisis moneter, akan kembali dilanjutkan kembali. Proyek Menara Jakarta akan kembali dibangun pengerjaan konstruksi pada Januari 2010. Pembangunan Menara Jakarta yang menelan anggaran Rp 5 triliun ini ditargetkan rampung 2012 mendatang. Menara Jakarta setinggi 558 meter ini nantinya akan mengalahkan Oriental Pearl Tower, Shanghai, setinggi 460 meter, KL Tower di Malaysia 421 meter, dan CN Tower di Kanada setinggi 533 meter. Dan tak kalah penting, Menara Jakarta akan dijadikan sebagai pusat jaringan telekomunikasi dan multimedia dengan data center dan disaster recovery center.
Menara Jakarta juga akan dijadikan sebagai traffic control dan pusat jaringan fiber optik di Jakarta. Menara ini juga akan memiliki restoran berputar, yang menarik lagi dari Menara Jakarta adalah bentuk kaki tiang menara yang memiliki bentuk tiga kaki yang menopang hingga ke atas. Bentuk semacam ini hanya satu-satunya di dunia untuk gedung-gedung pencakar langit. Jika telah selesai dibangun, Menara Jakarta ini akan menjadi icon kebanggaan bangsa Indonesia dan menjadi menara telekomunikasi dan broadcasting tertinggi di dunia.

COASTARINA

Di Pulau Batam akan dibangun pulau-pulau buatan yang menyerupai peta dunia terbesar di dunia mengalahkan perumahan di Dubai. Perumahan di pantai ini dikembangkan menjadi pusat hunian dengan suasana tepi laut. Sebagian areanya diperoleh dari hasil reklamasi. Site plan-nya dirancang bak lagoon raksasa yang bagian tengahnya ditata menyerupai peta dunia dengan miniatur berbagai benua: Asia, Amerika, Eropa, Afrika, dan Antartika. Coastarina merupakan terobosan konsep pemukiman, yang terinspirasi oleh Palm Islands di Dubai, UAE.
Di Coastarina, akan dibangun total 1.000 rumah di kawasan total 150 hektar (25 hektar termasuk taman dan fasilitas umum). Di sana, juga ada Okarina Taman Rekreasi dengan food court, kafe dan restoran, Taman Air, dinding raksasa, dan permainan air. Coastarina mega proyek ini akan selesai dalam 6 tahun dan total investasi diperkirakan menjadi 60 – 80 juta USD atau sekitar Rp. 570 M / Rp 760 M. MURI (Museum Rekor Indonesia) memberikan penghargaaan kepada Coastarina untuk papan tulisan terbesar di Indonesia, perumahan yang terletak di bibir pantai Batam itu akan mencatatkan dua rekor lagi untuk pembangunan bola dunia paling besar dan peta dunia terbesar di dunia.

BIAK SPACE PORT

Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional (Lapan) akan mendirikan “space port” atau lokasi peluncuran roket pendorong satelit di Pulau Biak, Papua. Pulau Biak merupakan lokasi yang sangat strategis untuk penerbangan ke angkasa luar karena posisinya sangat dekat dengan garis katulistiwa. Pulau Biak berhadapan langsung dengan samudera luas sehingga proses peluncuran roket yang akan dilakukan diperkirakan tidak akan mengganggu negara lain. Jika roket pendorong satelit itu diluncurkan, serpihan atau benda-benda yang jatuh dari dari proses peluncuran itu akan jatuh ke laut, tidak mengenai negara lain, termasuk wilayah Indonesia. Selain itu, Pulau Biak juga terletak di di area ekuatorial (Posisinya hanya dua derajat dari garis katulistiwa) sehingga dorongan roket peluncur satelit lebih kuat dan mampu mengantar alat pemantauan di angkasa ke antariksa.

JAM MATAHARI (SUNDIAL) PONTIANAK

Indonesia akan memiliki sundial atau jam matahari tertinggi di dunia jika sundial Pontianak jadi dibangun. Dari semua kota yang dilewati garis Khatulistiwa, hanya ada satu kota di dunia ini yang dibelah atau dilintasi secara persis oleh garis Khatulistiwa, yaitu Kota Pontianak. Pembangunan sundial di lokasi sekitar Tugu Khatulistiwa Pontianak diperkirakan menghabiskan biaya sebesar Rp76,6 miliar dengan lahan seluas 44,1 meter. Rencananya tugu tersebut akan dibangun dengan tinggi 71 meter, sehingga akan menjadikan Tugu Khatulistiwa sebagai sundial tertinggi di dunia. Pada lahan di sekitar sundial tugu akan dibangun sundial berukuran kecil sebanyak 17 buah. Angka 17 dan 71 diambil dari angka kelahiran Kota Pontianak. Untuk memperkuat ikon Pontianak sebagai Kota Khatulistiwa juga akan dibangun Twin Solar Telescope, Museum Galeri, Science Centre, kawasan komersial, Amphiteater, dan Convention di kawasan tugu tersebut.

REAKTOR NUKLIR MURIA

Indonesia merencanakan membangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN) di Muria, Jateng. Pegunungan Muria dianggap paling memenuhi syarat sebagai tempat berdiri dan beroperasinya PLTN. Selain karena aman dari gempa, daerah Muria juga sangat dekat dengan sumber air (Laut Jawa) yang dibutuhkan untuk mendinginkan reaktor nuklir.
Pembangunan PLTN Muria akan dimulai 2012 dan siap diresmikan 2016 dengan total anggaran Rp 30 triliun. Diharapkan pada 2015-2016 PLTN Muria ini sudah bisa beroperasi dengan kapasitas 1.000 Mwat Elektic dengan investasi US$ 1.500-1.800 per KWh. PLTN membutuhkan uranium dan Indonesia memiliki dua tambang uranium, yaitu tambang Remaja-Hitam dan tambang Rirang-Tanah Merah. Kedua tambang uranium tersebut terletak di Kalimantan Barat.
Jika sudah dibangun PLTN Muria akan mampu mengatasi krisis energi listrik yang saat ini sedang dialami negara kita. PLTN Muria yang rencananya memiliki enam reaktor nuklir dengan masing-masing berdaya 600 MW atau totalnya 3600 MW, akan sedikit mampu mengurangi krisis energi listrik terutama Jaringan Jawa-Madura-Bali (Jamali). Jika Indonesia memiliki PLTN, maka Indonesia juga akan masuk ke dalam jajaran segelintir negara elite nuklir dunia tapi nuklir Indonesia akan digunakan hanya untuk tujuan damai.

TERUSAN SULAWESI

Pada Musyawarah Sulawesi IV Enam gubernur se-Sulawesi menggagas pembangunan “Terusan Khatulistiwa” yang memotong leher Pulau Sulawesi. Kelak Pulau Sulawesi bakal terbagi dua, karena dipisahkan oleh laut di terusan yang akan diberi nama Terusan Khatulistiwa. Jika rencana tersebut benar-benar direalisasikan, maka terusan ini akan menjadi terusan ketiga di dunia, sebab saat ini baru ada dua terusan, yakni Terusan Suez di Mesir dan Terusan Panama di Amerika Tengah. Terusan Khatulistiwa ini bisa menjadi jalur laut internasional yang ramai dan akan memperpendek jarak transportasi laut dari wilayah timur Pulau Sulawesi menuju wilayah barat Indonesia, serta ke Filipina dan Malaysia.
Itu merupakan beberapa mega proyek di Indonesia disamping proyek-proyek lainnya yang akan menjadikan Indonesia sebagai negara maju di masa depan. Mega-mega proyek tesebut kelak akan menjadi kebanggaan besar bagi bangsa Indonesia. Giliran kita mengambil bagian untuk ikut serta memajukan negara Indonesia tercinta ini.

10 Tahun Terakhir yang Membanggakan Indonesia

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 02:32:00 +0000

TOPIK : Siapa bilang SBY gagal?

Dalam 10 tahun terakhir (1998-2008), pembangunan di Indonesia mengalami kemajuan signifikan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi, misalnya, pada tahun 1998 minus 13.1 persen. Pada SBY tampil sebagai Presiden, tahun 2004, pertumbuhan ekonomi naik pesat menjadi 5.1 persen. Dan tahun 2008 diproyeksikan sebesar 6,4 persen. Cadangan devisa yang semula 33.8 miliar dolar AS, pada tahun 2008 naik menjadi 69.1 persen.

Tingkat kemiskinan juga terus berkurang. Pada tahun 1998, angka kemiskinan mencapai 24.2 persen. Pada masa awal Presiden SBY, tingkat kemiskinan ini turun menjadi 16.7 persen. Dan pada 2008 tinggal 15.4 persen dari total penduduk Indonesia.
Utang kepada Dana Moneter Internasional (IMF) dipangkas habis pada masa pemerintahan SBY. Tengok saja, pada tahun 1998, utang Indonesia kepada IMF sebesar 9.1 miliar dolar AS. Pada tahun 2006, dua tahun setelah memimpin Indonesia, Presiden SBY berhasil melunasi seluruh utang kita sebesar 7.8 miliar dolar AS.
Selengkapnya, lihat data-data laju pembangunan Indonesia 10 tahun terakhir berikut. Data-data ini berasal dari BPS.

Source : http://www.presidenri.go.id/index.php/indikator/

Binary System / Sistem Bilangan Biner

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sat, 19 Nov 2011 10:11:00 +0000

System binary or base two number system is a system of writing numbers using two symbols 0 and 1. Modern binary number system was invented by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in the 17th century. This numbering system is the basis of all digital-based number system. Of the binary system, we can convert it to Octal or Hexadecimal number systems. This system also may be called by the term bit, or Binary Digit. Binary grouping in computer always amounted to 8, with the term 1 byte / bytes. In computer terms, 1 Byte = 8 bits. Codes of computer design, such as ASCII, American Standard Code for Information Interchange using the system's lawyer-code 1 Byte.

20 = 1

21 = 2

22 = 4

23 = 8

24 = 16

25 = 32

26 = 64

etc.

Calculation
Decimal Binary (8 bits)
0 0000 0000
1 0000 0001
2 0000 0010
3 0000 0011
4 0000 0100
5 0000 0101
6 0000 0110
7 0000 0111
8 0000 1000
9 0000 1001
10 0000 1010
11 0000 1011
12 0000 1100
13 0000 1101
14 0000 1110
15 0000 1111
16 0001 0000

Similar calculation in the binary number system by counting in the other. Beginning with the first number, and the next number. In the decimal number system, calculations mnggunakan numbers 0 to 9, while binary only uses the digits 0 and 1.

example: convert decimal number into binary

decimal = 10.

based on a close above reference number 10 is 8 (23), further reduction of 10-8 = 2 (21). so it can be described as follows

10 = (1 x 23) + (0 x 22) + (1 x 21) + (0 x 20).

from the above calculations of the binary number 10 is 1010

can also be another way which is 10: 2 = 5 remainder 0 (0 will be the last digit in a binary number), 5 (results of the first division): 2 = 2 remainder 1 (1 will be the last two digits in binary), 2 ( results of the second division): 2 = 1 remainder 0 (0 will be the last three digits in binary), 1 (results of the third division): 2 = 0 remainder 1 (1 will be the first number in binary numbers) since the quotient is 0 or depleted, so the binary number of 10 = 1010

or in a brief

10:2 = 5 (0),

5:2 = 2 (1),

2:2 = 1 (0),

1:2 = 0 (1) The remainder is read from back to 1010

Source : wikipedia

Funny Cat, Video Amateur

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:32:00 +0000

Cats are cute animals to humans. this time I will try to share some funny videos that I took through my own camera phone. Yes, two cats this is my favorite cat, the cat's name is "Gerry" and "installment". So gemasnya me with my cat, I'll share them with you all. Here's the video. Happy watching :D

and this one is an excerpt from my cat when he was angry because the ignorance of my hand: D

it's my cat: D
# so unattractive

"Select All" Button on the Blog.

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Thu, 08 Sep 2011 01:02:00 +0000

Creating a Text Area Accompanied Select All button. Maybe you all already know what a "Text Area". If you do not look at the boxes beside.

True, this is called the text area but it comes with the "Select All", then what is the function of this Text Area? When asked about the actual function of this text area allows us to perform copy and paste the text provided in the area, while also
save space and time text. Is not easy to stay if you want to copy just the text block and then copied?

It is true that some blogs are usually disable block copy the article in order to avoid visitors to the blog owner articles without permission. OK! rather than linger just me explain how to use this text box:

Click the "Select All" in the text area below,

then right click on the HTML code terblock who then copy.

You must replace the "Enter text to be copied"

To setup can be seen below

1. The word "Select All" can be replaced with the word agan like, for example: Block All, Select All, Etc.

2. WIDTH: 300px is the width

3. HEIGHT: 144px is the height

Additionally it does not need to be replaced.

Its use in the widget you can use the Go to Layout, Add a Gadget, HTML / Java Script.

Or at the time wanted to start a new post into the HTML (click the Compose tab in addition to) and then paste the code before. Done.

MySQL backup with mysqldump

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sat, 03 Sep 2011 18:00:00 +0000

If the foregoing I have discussed with backup mysql with script in Visual Basic now I will discuss backing up the mysql database with the help of mysqldump.exe program which is inherited from the mysql server. but also combined with script2 in visual basic. Immediately, you just discussed, you must install the mysql server (must have installed it already had a database), then you are looking for mysqldump program and you copy to the folder where your Visual Basic. if you've just created his project.

project consists of a project and a form and a CommandButton
please copy and paste this code.

Private Declare Function OpenProcess Lib "kernel32" (ByVal dwDesiredAccess As Long, ByVal bInheritHandle As Long, ByVal dwProcessId As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function WaitForSingleObject Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hHandle As Long, ByVal dwMilliseconds As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hObject As Long) As Long

Private Const SYNCHRONIZE = &H100000
Private Const INFINITE = -1&
Dim FileNama As String
Sub BuatBAT()
Open App.Path + "\Backup.bat" For Output As #1
Print #1, Tab(1); "mysqldump.exe --user=root --password=dikosongi --host=localhost --databases kkpi --opt --quote-names --allow-keywords --complete-insert --add-drop-database --hex-blob> c:\kkpi.sql"
Close #1

End Sub
Private Sub ShellAndWait(ByVal program_name As String)
Dim process_id As Long
Dim process_handle As Long

process_id = Shell(program_name, vbHide)
DoEvents
' Wait for the program to finish.
' Get the process handle.
process_handle = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE, 0, process_id)
If process_handle <> 0 Then
WaitForSingleObject process_handle, INFINITE
CloseHandle process_handle
End If
' Reappear.
End Sub
Private Sub Command1_Click()
BuatBAT
ShellAndWait App.Path + "\Backup.bat"
kill App.Path + "\Backup.bat"
End Sub

Dood Luck :D
All In One

Install Nginx, PHP5, MySQL-servers on Ubuntu 11.04

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sat, 03 Sep 2011 17:51:00 +0000

Today ga no activity, then eventually want to end up browsing nyoba nginx apache replacement, n he said nginx much faster than apache. immediately wrote it goes without strings attached ga .. he he ... ga even read it later on. please go to your terminal and make sure terkonek internet to facilitate your move.

1. Install required packages

sudo apt-get install php5-cgi php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-idn php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-mhash php5-ming php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl nginx spawn-fcgi mysql-server

2. Run service nginx

sudo / etc / init.d / nginx start

when it'll automatically run the following command

sudo update-rc.d nginx defaults

3. edit file /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini
sudo gedit /etc/php5/cgi/php.ini

Change cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0 to 1 (remove the sign;)
[...]
cgi.fix_pathinfo = 1

4. running php cgi

sudo / usr / bin / spawn-fcgi-a 127.0.0.1-p 9000-u www-data-g www-data-f / usr/bin/php5-cgi-P / var / run / fastcgi-php.pid

I'll go put it at each computer restart rc.local before the exit 0 (the code above it.

5. edit nginx.conf

sudo gedit / etc / nginx / nginx.conf

edit the following
[...]
worker_processes 5;
[...]
keepalive_timeout 2;
[...]

6. Hereinafter change the default file path according to our wishes

We change from / usr / share / nginx / www change it to / home / allinone / public_html (this is assumed allinone your users and create a new folder public_html tu)
sudo gedit / etc / nginx / sites-available / default

server {
# Listen 80; # # listen for ipv4; this line is the default and the implied
# Listen [::]: 80 ipv6only default = on; # # listen for ipv6

# Root / usr / share / nginx / www;
root / home / allinone / public_html;
index index.html index.htm;

# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name localhost;

location / {
# First Attempt to serve the request as file, then
# As directory, then fall back to index.html
try_files $ uri $ uri / / index.html;
}

location / doc {
root / usr / share;
autoindex on;
allow 127.0.0.1;
deny all;
}

location / images {
root / usr / share;
autoindex off;
}

# Error_page 404 / 404.html;

# Redirect server error pages to the static page / 50x.html
#
# Error_page 500 502 503 504 / 50x.html;
# Location = / 50x.html {
# Root / usr / share / nginx / www;
#}

# Proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
# Location ~ \. Php $ {
# Proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# Pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
# Location ~ \. Php $ {
# Fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# Fastcgi_index index.php;
# Include fastcgi_params;
#}

# Deny access to. Htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# Concurs with nginx's one
#
# Location ~ / \. Ht {
# Deny all;
#}
}

7. Finally we just do a restart nginx

sudo / etc / init.d / nginx restart

8. deh finished, now you try to create a web in / home / allinone / public_html

Build a Web Conference for Education

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sat, 03 Sep 2011 17:42:00 +0000

I have read this article in the magazine info ubuntu linux at 10:04 aka Lucid Lynx release. after I read and I pratekkan could actually and easily. because once the network is trouble then I go ga and ubuntu which I've formatted configuration. Today I tried to repeat the configuration again by reference to the article www.karyaguru.com, this may be useful for education because it can shorten the distance and time in teaching web-based conferencing. immediately wrote the following steps
1. Insert key and repo bigbluebutton

wget http://archive.bigbluebutton.org/bigbluebutton.asc
sudo apt-key add bigbluebutton.asc
echo "deb http://archive.bigbluebutton.org/lucid bigbluebutton-lucid main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bigbluebutton.list
sudo apt-get update

2. Doing the Install Packages needed

sudo apt-get install asterisk bigbluebutton

3. configuration
dialog appears when you browse please telephone code 62 for Indonesia (if other country please adjust)
and because it will relate mysql data then will be in order to enter the mysql password (this makes the password)
4. restart BigBlueButton

sudo bbb-conf –restart
sudo bbb-conf –check

5. After that you go to a web browser and type the address ip_address you use.

The 10 Secrets to Speaking English

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Sat, 03 Sep 2011 11:41:00 +0000

1. Self-Esteem

The most important aspect of speaking is having good self-esteem. Self-esteem is how a person feels about himself. This includes “self-talk”, how a person thinks or what a person says to himself. What a person feels determines what he thinks, and what he thinks determines what he says and how he says it. A person who feels good about himself will say good things and speak well. A person who feels bad about himself will think negative thoughts and not have self-confidence. Then fear will cause a person to not speak. When most Chinese people are asked how their English is, or if they are told their English is very good, they immediately respond by saying, “Oh, my English is very poor. I have no chance to practice.” A student of English should not say this to himself or to others. A person who says it often enough will begin to believe it and soon will be paralyzed and unable to speak. Students will begin to forget what they know since the right brain cannot speak or use the knowledge stored in the left brain. A person learning to speak English must put the Chinese custom of modesty (saving face) aside. When complimented, the correct response is “Thank you.” When asked, “How is your English?” or criticized, a good answer is “I love to speak English,” or “My English is improving,” or “I am working very hard to improve my English.” These positive statements will reinforce positive thoughts and good feelings. With increased confidence a person will overcome fear and speak more freely. The mind is the most fantastic computer in the universe. Saying or thinking negative thoughts will short circuit the mind or give it deadly viruses.

2. Teaching Others

It is a known fact that the teacher learns more than the student. One receives more when one gives. When a person only receives, he becomes crippled and soon dies. First of all, a person who teaches someone else to speak English forgets his inhibitions and concentrates on helping. This is a key process in learning. The teacher actually receives more than he gives. The teacher becomes better at speaking when he gives others instructions and encouragement. Secondly, the person who speaks is forced to utilize all the skills of speaking well. The brain is forced to remember what is stored in the left brain, transfer it to the right side, translate it from Chinese into English, and then verbalize it. A teacher must speak to teach. The teacher hears himself speak and recognizes needs and self corrects while teaching, correcting and encouraging the student(s). It’s a great method and a self-motivating process. For thousands of years, this method has been a powerful secret to learning. Remember that teaching others stimulates improvement.

3. Singing Songs

Singing songs has magic that no other exercise can duplicate. A person who sings English songs over and over again will automatically memorize words and phrases. When someone says, “Let’s sing ‘Jingle Bells’ or ‘Happy Birthday’, immediately a person begins to sing the song exactly right without even thinking about it. There is no hesitation, no translation, no confusion. Also, singing allows for the practice of saying words and, at the same time, practices pronunciation because singers verbalize each word more slowly and exactly with the music. That’s what music does for a person who wants to speak English. Good songs with good words are a great aid to speaking fluently. It is amazing how quickly singing helps a person to speak. Finally, the Chinese language has many tones and in a way the language is sung. When songs are sung in English, the brain can quickly connect the thoughts and meaning with sound.

4. Talking to the TV & Radio

There are English speaking television and radio channels. Watching and listening to them is important, but talking to them is even more important. This may seem strange to family and friends, but it is almost as effective as having a native speaker present. Listening is a great way to learn, but speaking back and asking questions benefits the mind and speaking mechanism as if a real person were there. True, the TV and radio will not answer questions nor pause for comments. Nevertheless, a person’s listening skills will improve and his ability to ask good questions and give good answers will also improve. This is a good method. This method will require concentration since people habitually just “listen” to the radio and TV. Listening is good, but speaking is better. It makes all the difference.

5. Reading Aloud and Reading A Lot

Good teachers always emphasize the value of extensive reading. It’s through reading many stories and books that one absorbs the culture, meaning, and beauty of a language. So the student must Read! Read! Read! But in addition to just reading, students should read out loud. Little children learn to speak by listening to their mothers read to them. Mothers learn to read and speak better by reading and speaking to their children. Together, both the reader and listener learn to tell stories, adding drama and emphasis to words and expressions. It’s important to read to others whenever possible. If there is no one to read to, students can read to themselves. It’s important to read aloud a lot!

6. Calling Others on the Telephone

This is one of the most common and most helpful methods of improving spoken English. First, language students must identify others who are willing to speak to them in English on the telephone. These can be friends, classmates, workmates or family members. Students can either make surprise calls or make appointments to speak with a number of people every day. At first, conversations may only last a few minutes, but with practice, time spent speaking will increase. The value comes in developing the ability to hear and understand the other unseen person. Repeating parts of the conversation and asking the other person to repeat parts of the conversation might prove useful. Soon the ear will become accustomed and the speech will also improve allowing both parties to better understand each other. This can be a fun and very useful practice that exercises the brain, ears and tongue.

7. Group Participation

A student in a formal English class at a school, university, or training company must participate. It is vital to ask questions, offer opinions and actively contribute to the class’s speaking activities. It’s only the active participant whose mind and mouth work together to speak and improve speaking. The left brain of a passive spectator will record what is seen and heard while the right brain weakens and speaking difficulty increases. Also, a person cannot participate unless he attends. Active, dedicated members of a class practice many of the skills necessary to increase verbal speech.

8. Interpreting for Others

Interpreting is one of the strongest methods of exercising the whole brain to improve speaking ability. Interpreters must draw on their left brain reserves while exercising their right brain skills. It is similar to teaching others, but even more powerful because the person interpreting must hear in Chinese, mentally understand and translate information in the mind, then almost instantly verbalizes these ideas correctly in English. The more advanced the English speaking ability, the better the interpretation. It is important to begin very early to interpret, not waiting for proficiency in speaking. Interpreting is not translating written documents which are mostly a left-brain skill.

9. Memorizing New Words and Phrases

In order to progress in learning to speak English, new words must be added to the vocabulary. Always having a small list of words and using them in every day conversation is vital to mastery. Speaking new words in sentences will bring ownership. Doing this faithfully over a period of a few years will build a vocabulary as large as most native English speakers. More effective than just adding new words is adding entire sentences. Great progress comes when quotes and phrases are not just memorized but used in daily speech. The key is to Speak! Speak! Speak!

10. Read, Write, and Memorize Poetry

“Words do not convey meaning, they call it forth.” David O McKay. Like music, poetry enlightens the soul while it exercises the mind in rhythm and vivid imagery. By reading, writing and memorizing poetry, a person is exercising one of the highest forms of spoken English. It energizes both the left and right brain while it conditions thinking and trains the tongue.

Source : http://www.kaskus.us/showthread.php?t=5763467

Dangerous space junk accomplished stage

noreply@blogger.com (Bahtiar Bondan Setyanugraha) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 23:28:00 +0000

Experts in the United States warned NASA that the amount of space junk in Earth orbit has reached a dangerous stage.

Report prepared by the National Research Council states that garbage can cause leaks in spacecraft or destroy satellites.

"The amount of junk orbiting Earth could collide assessed, which in turn will increase the number of waste fractions. It's all increase the risk of damage to aircraft, spacecraft," the report said.

Efforts to reduce the amount of waste space in recent years suffered a setback due to several factors.

In 2007, China conducted a weapons test by destroying satellite antisatelit no longer in use in space.

This test produces no less than 150,000 satellite fragments with a size of about 1 cm.
cleanup efforts

Two years later, the two satellites, one of which is still active, collided in the orbit and increase the amount of waste fractions in the sky.

"The two events immediately doubling the small fragments in Earth orbit. Cleanup efforts we did in the last 25 years to be wasted," said Donald Kessler, one of the experts at the National Research Council.

International Space Station (ISS), orbiting the Earth with a speed of 28,164 km / hour, sometimes also have to maneuver to avoid collision with space debris.

Last June, a few shards almost ran into the ISS, even had time to make the six crew members entered the rescue capsule and prepare evacuation to Earth.

"The situation is critical," said Kessler, a former NASA scientist is.

National Research Council called for the preparation of international rules to limit the space garbage.

It also calls for more research to find effective ways to clean the air from waste.

source : http://www.kaskus.us/showthread.php?t=10356210

Lirik Lagu "Baby" JeBe (Justin Bieber) versi Indonesia.

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 10:35:00 +0000

Ini lirik lagu "Baby" - JeBer (versi indonesia)

Kau tahu kamu mencintaiku, aku tahu Anda peduli
Hanya berteriak kapan saja, Dan aku akan ada di sana
Anda ingin cintaku, Anda ingin hatiku
Dan kita tidak akan pernah pernah pernah bisa terpisah <- (gagap kali gan)

Apakah kita item? ane tak tahu.
Apakah hanya teman, Apa yang kau katakan
Berkata ada yang lain, Lihatlah tepat di mata saya

Cinta pertama saya mematahkan hati saya untuk pertama kalinya,
Dan aku suka
Bayi, bayi, ohhh bayi
Seperti bayi, bayi, bayi tidaakk!
Seperti bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Saya pikir kamu selalu menjadi milikku milikku <- (gagap kali gan)

Bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Seperti bayi, bayi, bayi tidaakk!
Seperti bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Saya pikir kamu selalu menjadi milikku, tambang (oh oh)

Untuk Anda, aku akan melakukan apa pun
Dan aku hanya tidak bisa percaya, kita tidak bersama
Dan aku ingin bermain tenang, Tapi aku kehilangan Anda
Saya akan membeli apa pun, aku akan membelikan cincin apapun
Dan saya dalam potongan, Bayi memperbaiki saya
Dan hanya mengoyangkan saya sampai membangunkan anda saya dari mimpi buruk <- (mimpi apa gan?)

Saya turun, turun, turun, dooownn!
Dan aku hanya tidak bisa percaya cinta pertama saya akan sekitar sukabumi.

Dan aku suka
Bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Seperti bayi, bayi, bayi tidakk!
Seperti bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Saya pikir kamu selalu menjadi milikku, milikku.

Bagian Rap :

Ketika saya berusia 13, aku adalah cinta pertama saya
Tidak ada orang yang dibandingkan dengan bayi saya
Dan tidak ada yang datang di antara kita yang pernah bisa datang di atas langit
Dia menyuruh saya akan gila, oh aku starstruck <- (apaan ini gan?)
Dia membuat saya terbangun setiap hari, tidak perlu ada kopi Starbucks

Dia membuat harga hatiku
Saya berdetak jantung ketika aku melihatnya di jalanan <- ( ngemis ya gan?)
Dan di sekolah di tempat bermain bayi bayi.
Tapi aku benar-benar ingin melihat dia di akhir pekan
Dia tahu dia membuat saya karena ia begitu Amazin 'dazin'
Dan sekarang hatiku pecah pecah 'tapi aku hanya terus bilang'

Dan aku suka
Bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Seperti bayi, bayi, bayi tidakk!
Seperti bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Saya pikir kamu selalu menjadi milikku, milikku.

Dan aku suka
Bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Seperti bayi, bayi, bayi tidakk!
Seperti bayi, bayi, ohh bayi
Saya pikir kamu selalu menjadi milikku, milikku.

Aku semua pergi
(Yeah, yeah, yeah)
(Yeah, yeah, yeah)
Sekarang aku semua pergi
(Yeah, yeah, yeah)
(Yeah, yeah, yeah)
Sekarang aku semua pergi
(Yeah, yeah, yeah)
(Yeah, yeah, yeah)
Sekarang aku semua pergi, pergi, pergi, pergi
Aku pergi.

Admin says that : "Ya Ampun, kenapa malah jadi gini?"

Ombak Luar Biasa Yang Ditangkap Kamera

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 10:12:00 +0000

Pasti banyak sekali orang yang pernah melihat ombak apalagi yang tinggal di tepi pantai. Pasti lah kita merasakan betapa dahsyat nya dan indah nya ombak tersebut yang tidak jarang akan mengingatkan kita pada kebesaran Tuhan sang penciptanya. Inilah ombak-ombak yang luar biasa tingginya dan indah nya yang berhasil ditangkap.

Sumber : Dari berbagai Sumber.

13 Resiko Penggunaan Handphone.

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 09:59:00 +0000

Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa telepon seluler (ponsel) telah banyak menghadirkan berbagai kemudahan dalam hidup manusia. Meski banyak diperdebatkan, banyak kalangan khawatir akan dampak negatif dari radiasi yang ditimbulkan. Penelitian terbesar yang pernah dilakukan tentang bahaya ponsel telah membantah adanya risiko kanker otak pada penggguna ponsel. Penelitian yang dilakukan sendiri oleh organisasi kesehatan dunia (WHO) tersebut menunjukkan risikonya tidak terlalu besar untuk dikhawatirkan.

Namun penelitian terbaru di India kembali menegaskan adanya ancaman kanker terutama pada anak dan remaja. Sang peneliti, Prof Girish Kumar bahkan mengatakan bahaya radiasi juga terdapat di sekitar menara Base Transceiver Station (BTS).
"Satu BTS bisa memancarkan daya 50-100W. Negara yang punya banyak operator seluler seperti India bisa terpapar daya hingga 200-400W. Radiasinya tak bisa dianggap remeh, bisa sangat mematikan," ungkap Prof Kumar.

Dikutip dari DNAindia, berikut ini sejumlah dampak negatif yang bisa ditimbulkan akibat radiasi yang berlebihan dari ponsel dan menara BTS:

1. Risiko kanker otak pada anak-anak dan remaja meningkat 400 persen akibat penggunaan ponsel. Makin muda usia pengguna, makin besar dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh radiasi ponsel.

2. Bukan hanya pada anak dan remaja, pada orang dewasa radiasi ponsel juga berbahaya. Penggunaan ponsel 30 menit/hari selama 10 tahun dapat meningkatkan risiko kanker otak dan acoustic neuroma (sejenis tumor otak yang bisa menyebabkan tuli).

3. Radiasi ponsel juga berbahaya bagi kesuburan pria. Menurut penelitian, penggunaan ponsel yang berlebihan bisa menurunkan jumlah sperma hingga 30 persen.

4. Frekuensi radio pada ponsel bisa menyebabkan perubahan pada DNA manusia dan membentuk radikal bebas di dalam tubuh. Radikal bebas merupakan karsinogen atau senyawa yang dapat memicu kanker.

5. Frekuensi radio pada ponsel juga mempengaruhi kinerja alat-alat penunjang kehidupan (live saving gadget) seperti alat pacu jantung. Akibatnya bisa meningkatkan risiko kematian mendadak.

6. Sebuah penelitian membuktikan produksi homon stres kortisol meningkat pada penggunaan ponsel dalam durasi yang panjang. Peningkatan kadar stres merupakan salah satu bentuk respons penolakan tubuh terhadap hal-hal yang membahayakan kesehatan.

7. Medan elektromagnet di sekitar menara BTS dapat menurunkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Akibatnya tubuh lebih sering mengalami reaksi alergi seperti ruam dan gatal-gatal.

8. Penggunaan ponsel lebih dari 30 menit/hari selama 4 tahun bisa memicu hilang pendengaran (tuli). Radiasi ponsel yang terus menerus bisa memicu tinnitus (telinga berdenging) dan kerusakan sel rambut yang merupakan sensor audio pada organ pendengaran.

9. Akibat pemakaian ponsel yang berlebihan, frekuensi radio yang digunakan (900 MHz, 1800 MHz and 2450 MHz) dapat meningkatkan temperatur di lapisan mata sehingga memicu kerusakan kornea.

10. Emisi dan radiasi ponsel bisa menurunkan kekebalan tubuh karena mengurangi produksi melatonin. Dalam jangka panjang, kondisi ini dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan tulang dan persendian serta memicu rematik.

11. Risiko kanker di kelenjar air ludah meningkat akibat penggunaan ponsel secara berlebihan.

12. Medan magnetik di sekitar ponsel yang menyala bisa memicu kerusakan sistem syaraf yang berdampak pada gangguan tidur. Dalam jangka panjang kerusakan itu dapat mempercepat kepikunan.

13. Medan elektromagnetik di sekitar BTS juga berdampak pada lingkungan hidup. Burung dan lebah menjadi sering mengalami disorientasi atau kehilangan arah sehingga mudah stres karena tidak bisa menemukan arah pulang menuju ke sarang.

http://www.kaskus.us/showthread.php?t=10112436

IBM Ciptakan Chip Meniru Otak Manusia

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 09:50:00 +0000

Komputer yang dikendalikan oleh otak manusia telah lama menjadi kiasan menjijikan dalam film fiksi ilmiah, namun pemikiran ini bisa satu langkah mendekati kenyataan berkat proyek SyNAPSE milik IBM.

Proyek ini bertujuan untuk membuat chip yang mampu melakukan “komputasi kognitif”, yang berarti chip ini akan secara langsung bereaksi dan memecahkan masalah berdasarkan pada rangsangan eksternal dan kejadian di sekitar.

Dua chip prototipe telah dibuat, menggunakan algoritma canggih dan sirkuit silikon untuk menciptakan fenomena spiking neuron dan sinapsis dalam sistem biologi.

Hal ini memungkinkan prosesor untuk "belajar" dari pengalaman, menemukan korelasi, membuat hipotesis dan meniru struktural dan plastisitas sinaptik otak.

Dharmendra Modha, pemimpin proyek ini, menyatakan bahwa IBM bertujuan untuk menciptakan sebuah sistem yang tidak hanya menganalisis informasi kompleks dari beberapa modalitas sensor sekaligus, tetapi juga dapat secara dinamis dapat berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya. Semua sementara untuk menyaingi ukuran otak dan penggunaan rendah daya.

Modha mengilustrasikan ide dibalik pembuatan chip ini dengan konsep lampu lalu lintas yang mampu mengintegrasikan pemandangan, suara dan bau, serta tanda persimpangan aman sebelum terjadi kecelakaan. Terdengar sedikit seperti film Minority Report, film fiksi ilmiah canggih tentang orang berkemampuan melihat masa depan.

Sumber : Kaksus.us

Jual Indonesia Lewat Facebook

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 09:36:00 +0000

BIRO Humas Belanda TMC-World, atas perintah Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata Indonesia, merancang dan mengelola halaman Facebook khusus bernama Wonderful Indonesia NL.

Wonderful Indonesia NL adalah semacam platform untuk dan oleh warga Belanda yang cinta Indonesia dan dimaksud untuk mempromosikan Indonesia di Belanda. "Lewat platform ini Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata ingin menyampaikan bahwa Indonesia tidak hanya terdiri dari pulau Bali saja," ungkap Mark Denslagen dari TMC-World seperti dikutip Radio Nederland di situsnya, Kamis (1/9/2011).

Wahana ini dimaksud untuk berbagi pengalaman dan foto. Orang yang belum pernah ke Indonesia bisa mengajukan pertanyaan tentang vaksinasi atau pulau-pulau mana yang patut dikunjungi. Sementara mereka yang sudah pernah ke Indonesia atau memiliki hubungan dengan Indonesia, bisa menjawab pertanyaan. Jadi saling membantu.

Sejauh ini Belanda memiliki sekitar tujuh juta pengguna Facebook. Facebook merupakan jejaring sosial terpopuler dan paling mudah diakses di Belanda.

Isi dari Wonderful Indonesia NL sangat beragam. Orang menentukan sendiri informasi apa yang dipasang di sana. Namun topik utama tetap, Indonesia sebagai tujuan berlibur. Halaman ini tidak bermaksud sebagai sarana informasi politik. Tetapi memberi tips perihal kesukaan orang Belanda dari Indonesia, atau info seputar harga tiket pesawat yang murah. Tidak hanya itu, halaman facebook ini juga kadang-kadang menyediakan hadiah.

Ramai dikunjungi

Wonderful Indonesia NL dibuka sebulan lalu secara low-profile. Tapi mulai bulan ini, akan gencar diperkenalkan. "Selama satu bulan, orang sudah ramai mengajukan pertanyaan, misalnya tentang vaksinasi apa yang diperlukan jika mau berlibur ke Bali atau Lombok. Itu perkembangan bagus," demikian Mark Denslagen.

Warga Belanda masih sangat tertarik pada Indonesia. Bagaimanapun juga, Belanda dan Indonesia menjalin hubungan sejarah.

Indonesia merupakan satu dari sekian tujuan terpopuler bagi warga Belanda. Di Belanda terdapat pula komunitas besar warga Indo (keturunan Indonesia-Belanda, red). Mereka adalah duta besar terbaik untuk Indonesia.

Warga Indo Belanda ini sangat bangga dengan Indonesia. Mereka suka bercerita tentang negeri tersebut dan apa saja yang bisa dilakukan di sini. "Itu mungkin juga salah satu alasan mengapa Indonesia masih begitu populer di Belanda," tandas Mark Denslagen.

Sumber : http://www.kaskus.us/showthread.php?t=10351656

85% Wanita Terganggu Postingan di Facebook

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 09:10:00 +0000

Jakarta - Seperti halnya di dalam kehidupan nyata, tak semua teman kita di Facebook ramah dan menyenangkan. Sebuah studi menyebutkan, sebagian besar pengguna Facebook wanita merasa terganggu oleh apa yang diposting oleh teman-teman mereka di jejaring sosial tersebut.

Survei yang dilakukan Eversave, perusahaan yang menawarkan layanan transaksi harian online ini awalnya berniat mencari tahu bagaimana jejaring sosial mempengaruhi reaksi konsumen wanita terhadap transaksi harian mereka. Namun tak disangka, survei ini malah menemukan indikasi negatif psikologi dan sosial dalam ber-Facebook.

Dilansir Los Angeles Times dan dikutip detikINET, Selasa (4/4/2011), dari 400 wanita pengguna Facebook yang disurvei Eversave, sebanyak 85 persen mengatakan kerap merasa terganggu dengan postingan teman-teman mereka.
Para partisipan mengatakan, terkadang teman-teman mereka terlihat menyombong atau terlalu berlebihan dalam memposting informasi. Alhasil, sesuatu yang seharusnya berada dalam koridor pribadi, diumbar ke publik.

"Ada orang-orang yang terlalu banyak mengeluh sepanjang waktu, berbagi pendapat soal pandangannya terhadap politik padahal tidak diminta atau membual soal kehidupannya seperti tampak sempurna," kata salah satu partisipan.

Studi ini juga menemukan 79 persen dari partisipan menggunakan Facebook untuk mengetahui kehidupan teman-teman mereka dan 64 persen untuk saling berbagi informasi.

Kami sangan terkejut mengetahui respons yang memperlihatkan hubungan 'benci namun suka' yang dialami wanita terhadap Facebook," kata Chief Executive Prospective, Jere Doyle, yang memiliki Eversave.

Beginilah Cara kerja Motor 4-Tak

noreply@blogger.com (Web Space) — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 09:07:00 +0000

Mengapa mesin disebut 4 tak, karena memang ada 4 langkah. Berikut adalah detail dari setiap proses.

Disebut langkah intake karena langkah pertama adalah menghisap melalui piston dari karburator. Pasokan bahan bakar tidak cukup hanya dari semprotan karburator. Cara kerjanya adalah sbb. Piston pertama kali berada di posisi atas (atau disebut Titik Mati Atas). Lalu piston menghisap bahan bakar yang sudah disetting/dicampur antara bensin dan udara di karburator. Piston lalu mundur menghisap bahan bakar. Untuk membuka, diperlukan klep atau valve inlet yang akan membuka pada saat piston turun/menghisap ke arah bawah.

Gerakan valve atau inlet diatur oleh camshaft secara mekanis. Yakni, camshaft mengatur besaran bukaan klep dengan cara menekan tuas klep. Camshaft sendiri digerakan oleh rantai keteng yang disambungkan antara camshaft ke crankshaft. Untuk detilnya, lihat gambar berikut.

Perhatikan bahwa A adalah Intake Valve (klep masuk bahan bakar) dan klep ini ditekan (membuka) karena I (camshaft) menekan valve A. Dengan demikian, pada saat piston turun, maka A terbuka sekaligus bahan bakar ditarik masuk ke ruang bakar. A akan menutup sampai batas tertentu sebelum langkah kedua : kompresi. Rantai keteng tidak terlihat karena akan sulit digambarkan di atas, tetapi crankshaft (P) terhubung dengan camshaft (I). Beberapa mobil Eropa seperti Mercedez menggunakan rantai sebagai penghubung antara crankshaft dan camshaft, tetapi umumnya di mobil Jepang menggunakan belt yang kita kenal sebagai timing belt.

Langkah ini adalah lanjutan dari langkah di atas. Setelah piston mencapai titik terbawah di tahapan intake, lalu valve intake tertutup, dan dilakukan proses kompresi. Yakni, bahan bakar yang sudah ada di ruang bakar dimampatkan. Ruangan sudah tertutup rapat karena kedua valve (intake dan exhaust) tertutup. Proses ini terus berjalan sampai langkah berikut yakni meledaknya busi di langkah ke 3.

Tahap berikut adalah busi pada titik tertentu akan meledak setelah PISTON BERGERAK MENCAPAI TITIK MATI ATAS DAN MUNDUR BEBERAPA DERAJAT. Jadi, busi tidak meledak pada saat piston di titik paling atas (disebut titik 0 derajat), tetapi piston mundur dulu, baru meledak. Hal ini karena untuk menghindari adanya energi yang terbuang sia-sia karena pada saat piston di titik mati atas, masih ada energi laten (yang tersimpan akibat dorongan proses kompresi). Jika pada titik 0 derajat busi meledak, bisa jadi piston mundur tetapi mengengkol crankshaft ke arah belakang (motor mundur ke belakang, bukan memutar roda ke depan). Setelah proses pembakaran, maka piston memiliki energi untuk mendorong crankshaft yang nantinya akan dialirkan melalui gearbox dan sproket, rantai, dan terakhir ke roda.

Langkah terakhir ini dilakukan setelah pembakaran. Piston akibat pembakaran akan terdorong hingga ke titik yang paling bawah, atau disebut Titik Mati Bawah. Setelah itu, piston akan mendorong ke depan dan klep exhaust membuka sementara klep intake tertutup. Oleh karena itu, maka gas buang akan terdorong masuk ke lubang Exhaust Port (atau kita bilang lubang sambungan ke knalpot). Dengan demikian, maka kita bisa membuang semua sisa gas buang akibat pembakaran. Dan setelah bersih kembali, lalu kita akan masuk lagi mengulangi langkah ke 1 lagi.

Sumber : http://www.kaskus.us/showthread.php?t=10037901