IT Knowledge

Android: InstantSafe App

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 09 May 2015 10:15:00 +0000

InstantSafe app is to save people in case of emergency and provide them instant help from their family/friends and local emergency help services. You can also instantly track your mobile phone or your family/friends can find your location to provide immediate help.

If you or your loved one ever walk through a dark alley, travelling abroad and have or witness serious life-threatening situation like fire or medical emergency or you just need to alert someone of your whereabouts just quickly click your mobile phone power button 4 times or click app SAFE button to instantly inform your family/friends/guardians that you need help.

How it works:

You just have to quickly click mobile phone power button 4 times or click app SAFE button in case of emergency to inform your emergency contacts. It will instantly initiate a call to your emergency call contact and send personalized help SMS including your location (a Google maps link) to your emergency SMS contacts even if your mobile phone screen is locked (No need even to get mobile phone out of your pocket). In personal emergency contacts you can add your family/friend/guardian contacts for emergency call or SMS. In local emergency contacts you can add local emergency help service contacts like police, hospital, fire brigade etc. You can save a personalized help SMS to be sent in case of emergency. You can save a location request code. When your mobile phone receives an SMS having exact specified location request code it will automatically send its location in reply.

What is different?

- Quick 4 times mobile phone power button click will inform emergency contacts instantly
In case of panic you don't have to launch complete application or even unlock mobile phone screen lock to inform your emergency contacts. Mostly emergency help applications provide just an emergency button.

- Mobile phone location in response to location request code SMS
It can help you to track your mobile phone or your family/friends can find your location to provide you immediate help. It can be used in case your mobile is lost; family/friends are worried about you.

- No internet required
Although Internet is easily available everywhere but still to facilitate more people from basic to advanced smartphone users and to avoid internet connectivity issues in case of emergency, this app works fine without internet. Mostly emergency help applications require internet.

- Intuitive User interface
It has simple, tidy, easy to use interface.

Features:

- SAFE button to inform emergency contacts
- Quick mobile phone power button 4 clicks to inform emergency contacts
- No need to launch app, unlock mobile phone screen lock or even get mobile phone out of your pocket
- Immediately initiate call to emergency call contact
- Help SMS with your current coordinates to multiple emergency SMS contacts
- Add mobile phone contacts directly
- Personalized help SMS
- Custom location request code
- Self-activated reply with current location for location request code
- Notifications for emergency call/SMS contact and help SMS
- Power button, location request code, notification and sound settings
- Power saving approach for minimum battery consumption
- Application works fine without Internet connection
- Application is free of ads

Note:

Make sure in mobile phone settings, location services are 'ON' and high accuracy mode using GPS, Wi-Fi and cellular networks to determine location is enabled.

Java: Connection with MySQL using JDBC

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Sat, 18 Oct 2014 07:20:00 +0000

This will help you create connection with MySQL database using Java (JDBC). You have to update database URL, username and password in the code, then run it you will get connection established as output. Please include mysql-connector-java-5.1.23-bin.jar in your project build path. You can download it from here: http://www.java2s.com/Code/JarDownload/mysql/mysql-connector-java-5.1.23-bin.jar.zip

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBConnection {

public static void main(String[] args){
getConnection();
}

public static Connection getConnection(){
Connection conn = null;
try
{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/database_name";
String user = "root";
String password = "";
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
System.out.println("Connection established");
}
catch(ClassNotFoundException e)
{
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
System.exit(0);
}
catch(SQLException e)
{
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
System.exit(0);
}
return conn;
}
}

Android: Show Input Dialog

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 25 Sep 2014 15:58:00 +0000

This code simply shows how to use an input dialog box and get input value from it.

public void showInputDialog(Context context){
AlertDialog.Builder alert = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);

alert.setTitle("Input");
alert.setMessage("Enter Text");

// Set an EditText view to get user input
final EditText input = new EditText(context);
input.setInputType(InputType.TYPE_CLASS_TEXT);
alert.setView(input);

alert.setPositiveButton("Ok",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int whichButton) {
String value = input.getText().toString().trim();
System.out.println(value);
}
});

alert.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog,
int whichButton) {
// Canceled.
}
});

alert.show();
}

Java: Find Open Ports in a Range

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 25 Sep 2014 15:01:00 +0000

This code will help you to find system available open ports in a range. You can use it in Java or Android applications according to the scenario.

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class SystemPorts {

public static void main(String[] args){
getFreePorts();
}

public static void getFreePorts() {

final int MAXIMUM_PORT_RANGE = 6000;
final int MINIMUM_PORT_RANGE = 5000;
int[] ports = new int[1001];
ArrayList<Integer> avialablePorts = new ArrayList<Integer>();

for (int j = 0, i = MINIMUM_PORT_RANGE; i <= MAXIMUM_PORT_RANGE ; i++, j++) {
ports[j] = i;
}

for (int i=0; i<ports.length; i++) {
try {
ServerSocket socket = new ServerSocket(ports[i]);
socket.close();
if(socket.isClosed()){
avialablePorts.add(ports[i]);
System.out.println("Port Number: " + ports[i]);
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
continue; // try next port
}
}
}

}

Android: Verify Device Internet Connection

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 19 Aug 2013 07:13:00 +0000

This code verifies either device is connected to network or not.

// Verify Network Connection
protected boolean isNetworkConnected(Activity context) {
boolean connectedWifi = false; // connected to WiFi
boolean connectedMobile = false; // connected to Mobile

ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo[] netInfo = connectivityManager.getAllNetworkInfo();
for (NetworkInfo ni : netInfo) {
if (ni.getTypeName().equalsIgnoreCase("WIFI"))
if (ni.isConnected())
connectedWifi = true;
if (ni.getTypeName().equalsIgnoreCase("MOBILE"))
if (ni.isConnected())
connectedMobile = true;
}
return connectedWifi || connectedMobile;
}

Android: Show Alert Dialog to enable GPS

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 19 Aug 2013 06:57:00 +0000

This code will show alert dialog to enable GPS on the device.

// Show Alert Dialog to enable GPS
protected void showGPSAlert(final Context context) {
AlertDialog.Builder alertDialogBuilder = new AlertDialog.Builder(
context);
alertDialogBuilder
.setMessage(
"GPS is disabled on your device. Would you like to enable it?")
.setCancelable(false)
.setPositiveButton("Open Settings",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
// set intent to open settings
Intent callGPSSettingIntent = new Intent(
android.provider.Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
context.startActivity(callGPSSettingIntent);
}
});
alertDialogBuilder.setNegativeButton("Cancel",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
dialog.cancel();
}
});
AlertDialog alert = alertDialogBuilder.create();
alert.show();
}

Java: Show Urdu Text on Swing/AWT/SWT Components

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 11 Mar 2013 19:09:00 +0000

This code will Show Urdu Text on Swing/AWT/SWT Components. You will have to use unicode values for Urdu characters.

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

public class Factory extends JFrame implements ActionListener{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
JPanel bottomPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel();

JLabel lblDate = new JLabel();
JLabel lblSale = new JLabel("\u06A9\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u062E\u062A : ");
JLabel lblSpent = new JLabel("\u06A9\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062E\u0631\u06CC\u062F \u067E\u0631 \u062E\u0631 \u0686 : ");
JLabel lblDailywages = new JLabel("\u062F\u06CC\u06C1\u0627 \u0691 \u06CC \u062F\u0627\u0631 \u06A9\u06CC \u062F\u06CC\u06C1\u0627 \u0691 \u06CC : ");
JLabel lblOtherExpenses = new JLabel("\u062F\u0648\u0633\u0631\u06D2 \u0627\u062E\u0631\u0627\u062C\u0627\u062A : ");
JLabel lblBankDeposit = new JLabel("\u0628\u06CC\u0646\u06A9 \u0645\u06CC\u06BA \u062C\u0645\u0639 : ");

JTextField txtSale = new JTextField();
JTextField txtSpent = new JTextField();
JTextField txtDailywages = new JTextField();
JTextField txtOtherExpenses = new JTextField();
JTextField txtBankDeposit = new JTextField();

JButton btnSave = new JButton("\u0645\u062D\u0641\u0648\u0638 \u06A9\u0631 \u0648 ");

public Factory() {

lblSale.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI",1,16));
lblSpent.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI",1,16));
lblOtherExpenses.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI",1,16));
lblDailywages.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI",1,16));
lblBankDeposit.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI",1,16));
lblDate.setFont(new Font("Segoe UI",1,16));

txtSale.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 30));
txtSpent.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 30));
txtOtherExpenses.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 30));
txtDailywages.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 30));
txtBankDeposit.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 30));

GridLayout layout = new GridLayout(5,1);
layout.setVgap(8);
centerPanel.setLayout(layout);

JPanel saleGridPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel salePanel = new JPanel();
saleGridPanel.add(txtSale);
saleGridPanel.add(lblSale);
salePanel.add(saleGridPanel);
centerPanel.add(salePanel);

JPanel spentGridPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel spentPanel = new JPanel();
spentGridPanel.add(txtSpent);
spentGridPanel.add(lblSpent);
spentPanel.add(spentGridPanel);
centerPanel.add(spentPanel);

JPanel wagesGridPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel wagesPanel = new JPanel();
wagesGridPanel.add(txtDailywages);
wagesGridPanel.add(lblDailywages);
wagesPanel.add(wagesGridPanel);
centerPanel.add(wagesPanel);

JPanel expensesGridPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel expensesPanel = new JPanel();
expensesGridPanel.add(txtOtherExpenses);
expensesGridPanel.add(lblOtherExpenses);
expensesPanel.add(expensesGridPanel);
centerPanel.add(expensesPanel);

JPanel bankGridPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
JPanel bankPanel = new JPanel();
bankGridPanel.add(txtBankDeposit);
bankGridPanel.add(lblBankDeposit);
bankPanel.add(bankGridPanel);
centerPanel.add(bankPanel);

bottomPanel.add(btnSave);
btnSave.addActionListener(this);

setTitle("\u0641\u06CC\u06A9\u0679\u0631\u06CC ");
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,600));
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
getContentPane().add(centerPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
getContentPane().add(bottomPanel, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
pack();
setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setVisible(true);
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
}

public static void main(String[] args){
new Factory();
}

@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

if(e.getSource() == btnSave){
javax.swing.JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Saved", "Saved", javax.swing.JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
}

}

}

References:
For Urdu text use Google Translator http://translate.google.com/
For Unicode Conversion http://rishida.net/tools/conversion/

Java: Play Background Music

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 11 Mar 2013 18:43:00 +0000

You can use following code to play background music in your Java application. You will need to add 'jl1.0.jar' in your Java project. You can download it from
http://www.javazoom.net/javalayer/sources.html

BackgroundMusic.java:

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import javazoom.jl.player.Player;

public class BackgroundMusic {

private String filename;
private static Player player;
Thread playMusic;
// constructor that takes the name of an MP3 file

public BackgroundMusic(String filename) {
this.filename = filename;
}

// play the MP3 file to the sound card
public void play() {
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filename);
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
player = new Player(bis);
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Problem playing file " + filename);
System.out.println(e);
}
}

public void start() {
play();
playMusic = new Thread(new PlayMusic());
playMusic.start();
}

public void stop() {
close();
playMusic = null;
}

public void close() {
if (player != null) {
player.close();
}
}

class PlayMusic implements Runnable {

public void run() {
try {
player.play();
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
}

TestBackgroundMusic.java:

import java.util.logging.Level;

import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class TestBackgroundMusic {

public static void main(String[] args){

try {

BackgroundMusic bm = new BackgroundMusic("FileName.mp3");

bm.start();

Thread.sleep(10000);

bm.stop();

} catch (InterruptedException ex) {

System.out.println(ex);

}

IBM: Java com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg Utility

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 11 Mar 2013 18:15:00 +0000

This (com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg) utility configures your application in secure domain which is required for communication between TAM-eb and your application. I will configure and run a demo application. These are prerequisites for running the utility:

* WAS, LDAP (TDS) and WebSEAL are configured (Tested by running)
* Java installed
Note: Run these commands on the terminal

$java -version (Java Runtime version)
$javac -version (Java compiler version)

Both should be same like
Runtime: java version "1.6.0_32-ea"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_32-ea-b01)

Compile: javac 1.6.0_32-ea

* Set System Environmental Variables in $HOME/.bashrc or /root/.bashrc like

PATH=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0
export CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0/lib/tools.jar:./

If you get following exception while running com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg utility

Exception: noclassdeffounderror com.ibm.security.x509.x509certimpl
OR
PD.properties can't be loaded

Solution:

* Run this command on terminal
$export PATH=/opt/IBM/TDI/V6.1.1/jvm/jre/bin:$PATH

* Run this command on terminal
$which java

Output should be: /opt/IBM/TDI/V6.1.1/jvm/jre/bin

* Run this command on terminal
$/opt/PolicyDirector/sbin/pdjrtecfg -action config -host tameb -port 7135 -java_home /usr/j2se/jre -domain Default -config_type full

Output should be: Configuration of Access Manager Runtime for Java is in progress.
This might take several minutes.
Configuration of Access Manager Runtime for Java completed successfully.

* In $HOME/.bashrc or /root/.bashrc, add following line:

export CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/ext/PD.jar:$CLASSPATH

* Run this command on terminal
$echo $CLASSPATH

Output should be: /usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/ext/PD.jar:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_32/lib/tools.jar:./

* Run this command on the terminal
$cat /opt/PolicyDirector/etc/pdjrte_paths

Output should be: /opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/java/jre
/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30

Run com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg Utility

Configure Your Application:
$java -Dpd.cfg.home=/opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/java/jre com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg -action config -admin_id sec_master -admin_pwd object00 -appsvr_id tameb -port 8880 -mode local -policysvr tameb:7135:1 -authzsvr tameb:7136:1
-cfg_file /opt/PolicyDirector/example/pdadminapi_demo/java/configuration/app.properties
-key_file /opt/PolicyDirector/example/pdadminapi_demo/java/keyfile/app.ks -cfg_action create

Note:
* If app.ks file already exists then value for -cfg_action will be 'replace'
* If you have already configured an application, then before configuring another you have to unconfig previous one using this command

Unconfig Your Application:
$java -Dpd.cfg.home=/opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/java/jre com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg -action unconfig -admin_id sec_master -admin_pwd object00 -appsvr_id tameb -policysvr tameb:7135:1 -cfg_file /opt/PolicyDirector/example/pdadminapi_demo/java/configuration/app.properties

Now Run your demo application using this command
$java PDAdminDemo sec_master file:///opt/PolicyDirector/example/pdadminapi_demo/java/configuration/app.properties c=us

Note:
* Your configuration string should start like this, 'file:///' (config_str = file:///) or you will get something like specified protocol error.

Exceptions:

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.ibm.crypto.fips.provider.IBMJCEFIPS
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.ibm.crypto.provider.IBMJCE
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.ibm.security.util.DerValue
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.ibm.jsse2.IBMJSSEProvider2

Solution:

Run these commands on terminal or add these lines in $HOME/.bashrc or /root/.bashrc

export CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/ext/ibmjcefips.jar:$CLASSPATH
export CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/ext/ibmjceprovider.jar:$CLASSPATH
export CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/ext/ibmpkcs.jar:$CLASSPATH
export CLASSPATH=/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/ext/ibmjsseprovider2.jar:$CLASSPATH

Exception:

"HPDJA0109W A nonnull value is being passed to an unsupported argument" is thrown while creating a user using PDUser.createUser

OR

java.util.MissingResourceException: can't find bundle for base name locale english US:
PDUser.CreateUser()

Solution:

While creating a PD user, value for the description should be null.

Helping Commands:

* Check Servers Status
$pd_start status

* To view process ports
$$lsof -i

References:

http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21284688

IBM: LDAP, WAS, WebSEAL Start Commands and Default Values

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 26 Jul 2012 18:49:00 +0000

It will help you to start and verify LDAP, WAS, WebSEAL status. Here, I used default values for everything.

1-Verify Webseal Status:
$pdweb status

Verify LDAP, WAS, Webseal Status:
$pd_start status

2-Start WebSphere Application Server (WAS):
$cd /opt/IBM/WebSphere/AppServer/profiles/AppSrv01/bin
$./startServer.sh server1 //server1 is the WAS instance name

3-Start LDAP:
$cd /opt/ibm/ldap/V6.1/sbin/
$ibmslapd

4-Start Webseal:
$cd /opt/pdweb/bin
$pdweb start

5-Verify Webseal Status (again):
$pdweb status

Verify LDAP, WAS, Webseal Status (again):
$pd_start status

6-TDS URL(LDAP):
http://tameb:9080/IDSWebApp/IDSjsp/Login.jsp

Note: Here 'tameb' is the hostname. It should be written in /etc/hosts to resolve like
tameb 192.168.179.131

Username	Password
superadmin	secret
cn=root	object00

7-WAS Console:
http://tameb:9060/ibm/console/

Admin	Username	Password
admin	sec_master	object00

LDAP/TDS Default Information:

Attribute	Values
LDAP Hostname	tameb:389 or your_IP:389
User DN	cn=root
Password	object00
Non-SSL Port	389
SSL Port	636
SSL key file	/opt/ibm/ldap/V6.1/lib/am_key.kdb

Java: IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) Default Password Validation

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 26 Jul 2012 10:31:00 +0000

These are the following IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) password policy parameters and the default values:

Parameter Default Value
min-password-length 8

min-password-alphas 4

min-password-non-alphas 1

max-password-repeated-chars 2

password-spaces not set

If you are using IBM Tivoli Directory Server (ITDS) integrated with ITAM-eb, then you can see its password guidelines here:
http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/tivihelp/v2r1/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.IBMDS.doc%2Fadmin_gd198.htm

This class will help you for IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) password validation and user email validation.

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

// for validations of password
public class Validation {

// email regular expression
private static final String EMAIL_PATTERN = "^[_A-Za-z0-9-]+(\\.[_A-Za-z0-9-]+)*@[A-Za-z0-9]+(\\.[A-Za-z0-9]+)*(\\.[A-Za-z]{2,})$";

// validate password length
public static boolean passwordLength(String pwd) {
boolean length = false;

if (pwd.length() >= 8) {
length = true;
}
return length;
}

// validate password's count of alpha characters
public static boolean passwordAlphaCount(String pwd) {
boolean alpha = false;
int count = 0;

try {

for (int i = 0; i < pwd.length(); i++) {
if (Character.isLetter(pwd.charAt(i)))
++count;
}

if (count >= 4)
alpha = true;
} catch (Exception ex) {

}
return alpha;
}

// validate password's count of non alpha characters
public static boolean passwordNonAlphaCount(String pwd) {
boolean nonalpha = false;
int count = 0;

try {

for (int i = 0; i < pwd.length(); i++) {
if (Character.isDigit(pwd.charAt(i)))
++count;
}

if (count >= 1)
nonalpha = true;
} catch (Exception ex) {

}
return nonalpha;
}

// validate password's repetition of characters
public static boolean passwordCharRepeat(String pwd) {
boolean repeat = true;

for (int i = 2; i < pwd.length(); i++) {

if (String.valueOf(pwd.charAt(i - 2)).equals(String.valueOf(pwd.charAt(i - 1)))
&& String.valueOf(pwd.charAt(i - 1)).equals(String.valueOf(pwd.charAt(i ))))
repeat = false;
}
return repeat;
}

// validate IBM Tivoli Access Manager user email
public static boolean emailValidate(final String email) {

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(EMAIL_PATTERN);
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(email);
return matcher.matches();
}
}

Java: Get/Set Valid User Account of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb)

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 26 Jul 2012 09:44:00 +0000

This will help you to get/set valid user account of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) using TAM Java API. Please configure your environment before running this. Your PATH, CLASSPATH, JAVAHOME environmental variables should be set before running this and you have to include PD.jar in your project and classpath. Configuration for TAM-eb should be correct otherwise there will be some problems with it. For conection with IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-connection-with-ibm-tivoli-access.html

import com.tivoli.pd.jadmin.PDUser;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDContext;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDMessages;

// service for TAM user
public class UserService {

private PDMessages msgs = new PDMessages();

// to get user account is valid or invalid
public boolean getValidAccount(String name) {
boolean valid = false;

try {
// Initialize administration API Context
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
PDUser pdUser = new PDUser(ctxt, name, msgs);
valid = pdUser.isAccountValid();
// Close administration API Context
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);
}catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
return valid;
}

// to set user account to valid or invalid
public void setValidAccount(String name, boolean valid) {
PDContext ctxt = null;

try {
// Initialize administration API Context
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
PDUser pdUser = new PDUser(ctxt, name, msgs);
pdUser.setAccountValid(ctxt, valid, msgs);
System.out.println(pdUser.isAccountValid());
// Close administration API Context
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Set User Password and Show Users list of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb)

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 26 Jul 2012 09:33:00 +0000

This will help you to set user password and show all users list of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) using TAM Java API. Please configure your environment before running this. Your PATH, CLASSPATH, JAVAHOME environmental variables should be set before running this and you have to include PD.jar in your project and classpath. Configuration for TAM-eb should be correct otherwise there will be some problems with it. For conection with IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-connection-with-ibm-tivoli-access.html

import java.util.ArrayList;
import com.tivoli.pd.jadmin.PDUser;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDContext;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDMessages;

// service for TAM user
public class UserService {

private PDMessages msgs = new PDMessages();

// to get list of all users
public ArrayList<String> listUser() {
PDContext ctxt = null;
ArrayList<String> list = null;

try {
// Initialize administration API Context
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
list = PDUser.listUsers(ctxt,
PDUser.PDUSER_ALLPATTERN, PDUser.PDUSER_MAXRETURN, false,
msgs); // (context, pattern, maximum return, list by
// registry name, messages)
// Close administration API Context
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
return list;
}

// to set TAM user password
public void setPassword(String name, String password) {
PDContext ctxt = null;

try {
// Initialize administration API Context
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
PDUser pdUser = new PDUser(ctxt, name, msgs);
pdUser.setPassword(ctxt, password.toCharArray(), msgs);
// Close administration API Context
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Add/Delete User of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb)

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Thu, 26 Jul 2012 09:24:00 +0000

This will help you to add/delete user of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) using TAM Java API. Please configure your environment before running this. Your PATH, CLASSPATH, JAVAHOME environmental variables should be set before running this and you have to include PD.jar in your project and classpath. Configuration for TAM-eb should be correct otherwise there will be some problems with it. I used default values here which you have to change according to your requirements. For conection with IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-connection-with-ibm-tivoli-access.html

import com.tivoli.pd.jadmin.PDUser;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDContext;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDMessages;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDRgyUserName;

// service for TAM user
public class UserService {

// to set default values for User services
private String rgySuffix = "c=us";
private PDMessages msgs = new PDMessages();

// create user in TAM
public void createUser(String firstName, String lastName,
String password, String group) {
PDContext ctxt = null;
PDRgyUserName pdRgyUserName = null;

ArrayList<String> groupList = new ArrayList<String>();

// Set default values to create user
String name = firstName + " " + lastName;
boolean ssoUser = true;
boolean pwdPolicy = true;

try {

// Initialize administration API Context
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
String rgyName = "cn=" + name + "," + rgySuffix;
pdRgyUserName = new PDRgyUserName(rgyName, firstName, lastName);
groupList.add(group);
PDUser.createUser(ctxt, name, pdRgyUserName, null,
password.toCharArray(), groupList, ssoUser, pwdPolicy,
msgs);
PDUser pdUser = new PDUser(ctxt, name, msgs);
pdUser.setAccountValid(ctxt, true, msgs);
// Close administration API Context
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);
}catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
return result;
}

// to delete TAM user
public void deleteUser(String name) {
PDContext ctxt = null;

try {
// Initialize administration API Context
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
PDUser.deleteUser(ctxt, name, true, msgs);
// Close administration API Context
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Add/Delete Group and Show Groups list of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb)

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 25 Jul 2012 19:22:00 +0000

This will help you to add/delete group and get all groups list of IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) using TAM Java API. Please configure your environment before running this. Your PATH, CLASSPATH, JAVAHOME environmental variables should be set before running this and you have to include PD.jar in your project and classpath. Configuration for TAM-eb should be correct otherwise there will be some problems with it. I used default values here which you have to change according to your requirements. For conection with IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-connection-with-ibm-tivoli-access.html

import java.util.ArrayList;
import com.tivoli.pd.jadmin.PDGroup;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDContext;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDMessages;
import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDRgyGroupName;

// service for the TAM groups
public class GroupService {

private String rgySuffix = "c=us";
private PDMessages msgs = new PDMessages();

// create group in TAM
public void createGroup(String group) {
PDContext ctxt = null;
try {
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
this.rgySuffix = TAMConnection.registrysuffix;
String rgyGroup = "cn=" + group + "," + rgySuffix;
PDRgyGroupName pdRgyGroupName = new PDRgyGroupName(rgyGroup);
PDGroup.createGroup(ctxt, group, pdRgyGroupName, null, null, msgs);
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}

}

// to delete group from TAM
public void deleteGroup(String group) {
PDContext ctxt = null;

try {
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
PDGroup.deleteGroup(ctxt, group, true, msgs);
TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}

// to get all groups from TAM
public ArrayList<String> getGroup() {
PDContext ctxt = null;
ArrayList<String> list = null;
try {
ctxt = TAMConnection.InitializeContext();
list = PDGroup.listGroups(ctxt,
PDGroup.PDGROUP_ALLPATTERN, PDGroup.PDGROUP_MAXRETURN,
true, msgs);

TAMConnection.CloseContext(msgs);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
return list;
}
}

Java: Connection with IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb)

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 25 Jul 2012 13:52:00 +0000

This will help you to create connection with IBM Tivoli Access Manager (ITAM-eb) using TAM Java API. Please configure your environment before running this. Your PATH, CLASSPATH, JAVAHOME environmental variables should be set before running this and you have to include PD.jar in your project and classpath. Configuration for TAM-eb should be correct otherwise there will be some problems with it. I have used default values for the connection, so you can modify these according your environment settings. The most important part is the use of com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg utility.

import java.util.*;
import java.net.URL;

import com.tivoli.pd.jutil.PDContext;
import com.tivoli.pd.jadmin.*;

// to connect TAM
public class TAMConnection {

// Set up values for TAM Context Initialization
private static PDContext ctxt = null;
private PDMessages msgs = new PDMessages();

// Set up default values for TAM connection and change all values according to your environment
//app.properties will be generated with com.tivoli.pd.jcfg.SvrSslCfg utility
private static String prog = "TAMConnection";
private static String adminName = "sec_master";
private static String configURLStr = "file:///root/Desktop/app.properties";
private static String registrysuffix = "c=us";
private static char[] adminPassword = {'o','b','j','e','c','t','0','0','\0'};
private Locale locale = new Locale("ENGLISH", "US");
private URL configURL = null;

private TAMConnection() {
try {

PDAdmin.initialize(prog, msgs);
configURL = new URL(configURLStr);
ctxt = new PDContext(locale, adminName, adminPassword, configURL);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}

// to initialize the TAM context
public static PDContext InitializeContext() {
new TAMConnection();
return ctxt;
}

// to close the TAM context
public static void CloseContext(PDMessages msgs) {
try {
if (ctxt != null) {
ctxt.close();
}

PDAdmin.shutdown(msgs);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Modify User Attributes in IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS) LDAP using JNDI

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 25 Jul 2012 13:28:00 +0000

It will help you to modify user attribute (add, replace, delete) in IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS) using JNDI. I used default values, so you have to change it according your requirements. Also the user attributes will depend upon your directory server schema.For connection with IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS)/ LDAP visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-authentication-and-connection-with.html

import javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext;
import javax.naming.directory.*;

//this class perform all LDAP actions for the user
public class LDAPService {

private String base = "c=us"; // base for LDAP
private String realm = "cn=realm1"; // LDAP realm for user

// to set user password
public void setPassword(String surname, String password) {

try {
// Set up default values for LDAP information
String distinguish_name = "sn=" + surname + "," + realm + ","
+ base;

// Initialize LDAP Context
InitialLdapContext context = LDAPConnection.InitializeContext();

ModificationItem[] mods = new ModificationItem[1];
Attribute mod0 = new BasicAttribute("userpassword", password);
mods[0] = new ModificationItem(DirContext.REPLACE_ATTRIBUTE, mod0);
//use DirContext.ADD_ATTRIBUTE to add an attribute
//use DirContext.DELETE_ATTRIBUTE to delete an attribute

// Perform modification of user
context.modifyAttributes(distinguish_name, mods);

// Close LDAP Context
LDAPConnection.CloseContext();

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Search User in IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS) LDAP using JNDI

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 25 Jul 2012 13:02:00 +0000

It will help you to search user and other entries in IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS) using JNDI. I used default values, so you have to change it according your requirements. Also the user attributes will depend upon your directory server schema. For connection with IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS)/ LDAP visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-authentication-and-connection-with.html

import javax.naming.NamingEnumeration;
import javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext;
import javax.naming.directory.*;

//this class perform all LDAP actions for the user
public class LDAPService {

private String base = "c=us"; // base for LDAP
private String realm = "cn=realm1"; // LDAP realm for user

public void getUserInfo(String name) {
String dn = "sn=" + name + "," + realm + "," + base;

try {
// Initialize LDAP Context
InitialLdapContext context = LDAPConnection.InitializeContext();
String[] att = { "givenName", "mail" };

// Set up Search Controls
SearchControls sc = new SearchControls();
sc.setSearchScope(SearchControls.SUBTREE_SCOPE);
sc.setReturningAttributes(att);

// perform search on directory
NamingEnumeration results = context.search(base,
"(objectclass=inetorgperson)", sc);

while (results.hasMore()) {
SearchResult sr = (SearchResult) results.next();

// get the attributes and attribute list
Attributes atts = sr.getAttributes();
NamingEnumeration attrList = atts.getAll();
if (dn.equals(sr.getName() + "," + base)) {
// while we have attributes
while (attrList.hasMore()) {
Attribute attr = (Attribute) attrList.next();
NamingEnumeration values = attr.getAll();
String id, value = "";
while (values.hasMore()) {
id = attr.getID();
value = values.next().toString();
System.out.println(id + " " + value);
}
}
}
}

// Close LDAP Context
LDAPConnection.CloseContext();

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Add User in IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS) LDAP using JNDI

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 25 Jul 2012 12:18:00 +0000

It will help you to add user or other entries in IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS) using JNDI. I used default values and my own user information, so you have to change it according your requirements. Also the user attributes will depend upon your directory server schema. For connection with IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS)/ LDAP visit: http://usmanali112.blogspot.com/2012/07/java-authentication-and-connection-with.html

import javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext;
import javax.naming.directory.*;

//this class perform all LDAP actions for the user
public class LDAPService {

private String base = "c=us"; // base for LDAP
private String realm = "cn=realm1"; // LDAP realm for user

// User information
private String surname = "Ali"; // user surname
private String givenname = "Usman"; // user given name or first name
private String userpassword = "********"; // user password
private String email = "usmanalibutt9393@gmail.com"; // user email
private String distinguish_name = "sn=" + surname + "," + realm + "," + base;

// to add user in LDAP (TDS)
public void addUser() {
try {
InitialLdapContext context = LDAPConnection.InitializeContext();

Attributes attributes = new BasicAttributes();
Attribute objectClass = new BasicAttribute("objectClass");
objectClass.add("inetOrgPerson");
attributes.put(objectClass);

// Define User attributes
attributes.put("sn", surname);
attributes.put("givenName", givenname);
attributes.put("userPassword", userpassword);
attributes.put("mail", email);

// call API to add user
context.createSubcontext(distinguish_name, attributes);

// Close LDAP Context
LDAPConnection.CloseContext();

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}
}

Java: Authentication and Connection with LDAP using JNDI

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Wed, 25 Jul 2012 11:49:00 +0000

This will help you to connect with LDAP using JNDI (Java Naming and Directory Interface). I used this to connect with IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS). The connection with LDAP will be on SSL and you can modify it for non SSL too. You can also authenticate a user of IBM Tivoli Directory Server (TDS). If user exists then he will be authenticated otherwise the given authentication method will throw an exception. I have used all default values for the connection, you should change all values according your environment settings.

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.naming.ldap.InitialLdapContext;

// this class is for LDAP Connection
public class LDAPConnection {
// Set up values for LDAP Context Initialization
private static InitialLdapContext ctx = null;
private static Hashtable<String, String> hashtable = null;

// Set up default parameters for LDAP connection
private static String urlparam = "java.naming.provider.url";
private static String usernameparam = "java.naming.security.principal";
private static String passwordparam = "java.naming.security.credentials";
private static String versionparam = "java.naming.ldap.version";
private static String factory_initialparam = "java.naming.factory.initial";
private static String authenticationparam = "java.naming.security.authentication";
private static String protocolparam = "java.naming.security.protocol";
private static String referralparam = "java.naming.referral";

// Set up default values for LDAP connection
private static String url = "ldap://tameb:636"; // for non SSL use port '389'
private static String username = "cn=root";
private static String password = "object00";
private static String version = "3";
private static String factory_initial = "com.sun.jndi.ldap.LdapCtxFactory";
private static String authentication = "simple";
private static String protocol = "ssl";
private static String referral = "follow";

public static String base = "c=us";
public static String realm = "cn=realm1";

// Provide java trust store parameters where LDAP certificates are imported (in case of SSL)
private static String truststoreparam = "javax.net.ssl.trustStore";
private static String ts_passwordparam = "javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword";

// Provide java trust store values where LDAP certificates are imported (in case of SSL)
private static String truststore = "/usr/java/jre1.6.0_30/lib/security/cacerts";
private static String ts_password = "changeit";

// set connection to LDAP
private static void setConnection() {
try {

// Set up LDAP configuration settings
hashtable = new Hashtable<String, String>();

System.setProperty(truststoreparam, truststore);
System.setProperty(ts_passwordparam, ts_password);

hashtable.put(versionparam, version);
hashtable.put(factory_initialparam, factory_initial);
hashtable.put(authenticationparam, authentication);
hashtable.put(protocolparam, protocol);
hashtable.put(usernameparam, username);
hashtable.put(passwordparam, password);
hashtable.put(referralparam, referral);
hashtable.put(urlparam, url);

// Make LDAP connection
ctx = new InitialLdapContext(hashtable, null);
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}

// initialize and give LDAP connection context
public static InitialLdapContext InitializeContext() {
setConnection();
return ctx;
}

// close LDAP connection context
public static void CloseContext() {
try {
// Close the connection to LDAP
ctx.close();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
}

// authenticate LDAP user
public static boolean authenticateUser(String name, String password) {
boolean authenticate = false;
try {

// Set up LDAP configuration settings
hashtable = new Hashtable<String, String>();

System.setProperty(truststoreparam, truststore);
System.setProperty(ts_passwordparam, ts_password);
String username = "sn=" + name + "," + realm + "," + base;
hashtable.put(versionparam, version);
hashtable.put(factory_initialparam, factory_initial);
hashtable.put(authenticationparam, authentication);
hashtable.put(protocolparam, protocol);
hashtable.put(usernameparam, username);
hashtable.put(passwordparam, password);
hashtable.put(referralparam, referral);
hashtable.put(urlparam, url);

// Make LDAP connection
ctx = new InitialLdapContext(hashtable, null);
authenticate = true;

} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.getMessage();
}
return authenticate;
}
}

Java: Apache Log4j

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Tue, 24 Jul 2012 09:33:00 +0000

This will help you to make logs of your programs. Please include log4j.jar to run this code. you can download this from following link: http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/download.html

// The logger class
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout;
import org.apache.log4j.FileAppender;

public class ServiceLog {

private static Logger logger = null;
private static String pattern = "";
private static String logfile = "ServiceLogInformation";

public static void setLog(Logger loging) {

logger = loging;
pattern += "Milliseconds since program start: %r %n";
pattern += "Classname of caller: %C %n";
pattern += "Date in ISO8601 format: %d{ISO8601} %n";
pattern += "Location of log event: %l %n";
pattern += "Message: %m %n %n";

PatternLayout layout = new PatternLayout(pattern);
FileAppender appender = null;
try {
appender = new FileAppender(layout, logfile, true);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}

logger.addAppender(appender);
}
}

// This class will use above class for logging
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

public class Service {

private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Service.class);

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {
// do something
}
catch (Exception ex) {
ServiceLog.setLog(logger);
logger.setLevel((Level) Level.ERROR);
logger.error(ex.getMessage());
}
}
}

Linux: Configure Samba Server on Ubuntu

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 23 Jul 2012 11:50:00 +0000

This will describe the configuration of Samba Server on Ubuntu. It will help you to access Ubuntu files in Windows and vice versa.

• First install samba server in Ubuntu using command line or Ubuntu software center
$sudo apt-get install samba samba-common
We can check its configuration information using
$gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
or
$cat /etc/samba/smb.conf

• To install graphical interface for samba server configuration use this command
$sudo apt-get install system-config-samba

• Now share files using this samba server configuration graphical interface. Set the basic options

• Set the access to files

• The list of directories shared using samba server

• Get the ipv4 address of Ubuntu virtual machine.
Note: If you are using virtual box then in network settings of virtual machine use the ‘host only adapter’ option.

? Write the Ipv4 address in the address bar in windows explorer. Enter username and password of windows and then windows explorer will show the shared files of Ubuntu virtual machine.

Note: Turn off windows7 firewall for network to avoid any inconvenience.

Here the ‘_i’ directory of Ubuntu is shared directly using the sharing options of the directory.

• Choose any of the shared directories to open.

Samba Client on Windows

• Share any directory of windows using advanced sharing option.

• In Ubuntu, go to the ‘Network’ directory. Here win-7-pc is the Windows shared place. Double click on it.

Note: For first time you have to enter username and password of the Windows to enter in it.

• Here is the recently shared directory ‘Abstract’. Double click on it.

• Enter username and password of the Windows and domain will be ‘WORKGROUP’ and press ‘connect’.

• Here are the files in the shared directory.

• Another example of accessing Ubuntu documents in Windows.

• Another example of accessing Windows7 documents in Ubuntu.

References:

http://sankethpatel.com/blog/?p=128

Linux: Bash Shell Scripting

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 23 Jul 2012 11:03:00 +0000

It will help you to understand Linux bash shell scripting.

Factorial Program
Save this program in a file and it should be an executable file. Run it from terminal like ./file_name

#!/bin/bash
echo -n "enter the number to calculate factorial:"
read number

input=$number;
fact=1;

if [ "$input" -eq "0" ]
then
echo -n "factorial of $input is $fact"
exit 1
else
while [ "$input" -ge "1" ]
do
let "fact =$input * $fact"

input=$((input-1))
done
fi
echo -n "factorial of $number is $fact"

Array Program

Save this program in a file and it should be an executable file. Run it from terminal like ./file_name

#!/bin/bash
echo "enter length of array"
read len1;
declare -a arr;
declare -a arr2;
i=0;
while(("$i" < "$len1"))
do
read num1;
arr[$i]=$num1;
i=$((i+1));
done

echo "2nd array"
j=0;
while(("$j" < "$len1"))
do
read num;
arr2[$j]=$num;
j=$((j+1));
done

echo "Arrays multiplication result is "
k=0;

while(("$k" < "$len1"))
do
let "res = ${arr[$k]} * ${arr2[$k]}"
k=$((k+1));
echo "$res"
done

Linux: Process Management Commands

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 23 Jul 2012 10:21:00 +0000

This lab will help you to learn commands for process management.

• Start a foreground process, move it to the background and kill it using PID.
Ans. Lets suppose we have 2 files opened in gedit
$fg %2
$bg %1
$kill process_id(1793 etc.)

• List all the current running processes owned by the current user in user oriented format.
Ans. $ps -u user_name

• List only running processes in tree mode.
Ans. $pstree -u user_name

• Run a background process from your shell that finds a file named cpuinfo, with lowest possible priority.
Ans. $nice 20 | find /* -name "cpuinfo"&

• List priority value of all running processes in your system. Now reduce the priority value of any running process by 5. Compare the new and the old priority values.
Ans. $renice -5 -p process_id(1793 etc.)

Linux: User/Group Management Commands

noreply@blogger.com (Unknown) — Mon, 23 Jul 2012 10:07:00 +0000

This lab will help you to learn commands for user and group management

• See the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files
Ans. $cat /etc/passwd
$cat /etc/shadow

• Make a new user “tux” with default home directory and password “pakistan”
Ans. $adduser tux
Enter new UNIX password: pakistan

• See the changes in /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow
Ans. $cat /etc/passwd
$cat /etc/shadow

• Create a group “BIT10” with group ID 99 and change tux’s group to “BIT10”
Ans. $groupadd -g 99 BIT10
$usermod -a -G BIT10 tux

• Move the user’s current home directory to the new directory “/studentHome”
Ans. $usermod -d /studentHome tux

• Change this user’s password to “d!g!t@l” with following settings:-
• Lock the account if it has been inactive for 5 days
• Minimum 2 days must be past before the user can change hi/her/its password
Ans. $passwd
d!g!t@l
$passwd -l tux

$passwd -n 2 tux
$passwd -i 5 tux
or
$chage tux (It is used to manually enter the values for (minimum,inactive))
To view information
$chage -l tux

• See the changes in /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow and /etc/group files
Ans. $cat /etc/passwd
$cat /etc/shadow

• Delete the group “BIT10” and delete the account of “tux”
Ans. $userdel tux
$groupdel BIT10