English Solution - Class 09 English

LESSON 01 P1 --- Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW)

2009-03-09T11:59:00.001-07:00

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ENGLISH GRAMMAR Enter to visit

Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) The Greatest Reformer
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A reformer is the one who brings about reforms in a society. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) was not only a preacher of religion but also the greatest reformer of the world. Without him, the world would not have been improved. He (SAWW) was sent to reform the whole of the mankind. When he started preaching God’s message, the idol worshippers of Arabia became civilized people.

.Before the advent of Islam, there were very few people who could read or write. He advised the Muslims to get themselves educated and increase their knowledge. He made education compulsory not only for men but also for women. They set themselves to acquire knowledge as a religious obligation. He took steps to promote literacy and love of learning. In the battle of Badr, the Muslims caught some enemies as prisoners of war. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) asked the educated non Muslim prisoners to teach the children of the Muslims to read and write. On this condition they would get freedom. It shows his love for education and learning.

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Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) disliked arrogance and pride. He said that an Arab was nor superior to a non-Arab or a white to a black. He believed that all were the sons of Adam. No one was superior to another on the basis of caste, colour or creed. For him, the standard of superiority was piety. He united the scattered tribes and nation who felt pride in serving the humanity. Brotherhood became the way of their life.

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It was due to his teachings that the slaves also attained equal rights. They flourished in every walk of life without any discrimination. A cousin of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW), whose name was Hazrat Zainab (RA) was married to a freed slave Zaid bin Harris (RA). Hazrat Salman Farsi (RA) was a slave and Hazrat Imam Hussain Basri (RA) was the son of a slave. Both of them were men of dignity.

Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) was against the earning of money without efforts. He was against the exploitation of the poor by the rich. Therefore, he took radical steps to eradicate usury. He was also strictly against bribery. Hazrat Abdullah bin Umar (R.A.) said that he was not allowed to boast of his wealth and status. It was because these things might create the symptoms of pride and arrogance.

Before the advent of Islam, women were created in a very inhumane manner. Most of the girls were burnt or buried alive in their childhood. Islam emphasized the equality of rights of men and women. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave women the right of inheritance in property and wealth.

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Before Islam, the Arabs used force to settle their disputes. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) introduced judicial procedure t o check cruelty and injustice. Judges were appointed to settle the individual or party manners. In short, laws were made for the promotion of an ideal family and social set up. For the first time in history, the savage Arabs were introduced to the rules of politeness and civilized manners.

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It were these reforms, which brought an Islamic revolution in the life of the Arabs. These reforms laid the foundation of a new nation and a new Islamic society, which was tolerance spirit and humane by heart.

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EXERCISES

Q:1 Answer these questions.

i) Who is a reformer?
Ans: A reformer is one who brings about reforms in a society.

ii) What was the result of Hazrat Muhammad's (SAWW) teachings on the people of Arabia?
Ans: The teaching of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) turned the idol worshippers of Arabia into a civilized nation.

iii) What condition was imposed on the prisoners of the battle of Badr?
Ans: They were asked to teach the children of Muslims to read and write to get freedom.

iv) What was the condition of women before the advent of Islam?
Ans: Before the arrival of Islam, women were treated in a very inhuman manner. Most of the girls were burnt or buried alive in their childhood.

v) What was the system introduced by Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) to check injustice;?
Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) introduced judicial procedure to check cruelty and injustice. Judges were appointed to settle individual or party matters.

.Q:2 Fill in the blanks.
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Note:- Dear students CORRECT ANSWERS are always in BOLD letters

i) Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) was the greatest reformer of the world.

ii) He (SAWW) reformed the people of Arabia.

iii) He (SAWW) advised the Muslims to get themselves educated and increase their knowledge.

iv) He (SAWW) made education compulsory not only for men but also for women.

v) In the battle of Badr the Muslims caught some enemies as prisoners of war.

vi) Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) disliked arrogance and pride.

vii) An Arab was not superior to a non-Arab or a white to a black.

viii) He believed that all were the sons of Adam (AS).

ix) Hazrat Zainab (RA) was married to a slave named Zaid bin Harris.

x) Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave women the right of inheritance property and wealth.

Q:3 Tick the correct answer.

Note:- Dear students CORRECT ANSWERS are always in BOLD letters.
Note:- Dear students CORRECT ANSWERS are always in BOLD letters
i) Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) was the greatest reformer of
(a) a city (b) a country (c) the world

ii) Before the event of Islam, the people of Arab used to worship
(A) sun (B) Moon (C) Idols

iii) Who was married to Hazrat Zainab (RA)?
a) Hazrat Bilal (RA) b) Hazrat Zaid bin Harris (RA) c) Hazrat Imam Hassan Basri (RA)
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iv) What was the system introduced by Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) to check injustice?
a) Executive system b) Economical system c) Judicial procedure
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v) The prisoners of the battle of Badr were asked to
a) do business (b) construct buildings (c) teach the children of the Muslims

Q:4 Write "T" for true statement and "F" for false statement.
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(a) Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) started preaching God's message to the people of China. (F)
(b) Hazrat Abdullah (RA) was allowed to show off his wealth.(F)
© Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave women the right of inheritance in property and wealth.(T)
(d) Before the advent of Islam, women were treated inhumanely in Arabia.(T)
(e) The reforms of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) laid the foundation of a new Islamic society.(T)

Q:5 Match with the correct part to make a sentence.

Dear students same colour and number matches the correct ANSWER

.A reformer is the one who (1)the Arabs became civilized people. (3)Without the Holy Prophet (PBUH) (2)
could read or write. (4)
When the The Holy Prophet (PBUH) started preaching Islam (3)compulsory. (5)Before Islam very few people (4)to acquire knowledge as a religious obligation. (6)He made education (5)disliked arrogance and pride. (7)The Muslim men and women set (6)Zaid bin Harris. (8)Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) (7)
the world would not have been improved.(2)Hazrat Zainab (RA) was married to (8)
brings about reforms.(1)Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) elevated (9)settle the individual or the party matters.(10)
Judges were appointed to (10)
the status of women. (9)

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LESSON 01 P2 --- Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW)

2009-03-09T11:58:00.001-07:00

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EXAMINATION EXERCISES .

ENGLISH GRAMMER

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Q:1 Answer these questions?

i) Who is the greatest reformer of the world?

Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) is the greatest reformer of the world.

ii) What did Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) reforms?

Ans: He reformed faith, civilization, politics, judiciary and behaviour of the people of Arabia.

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iii) How many people could read or write before the advent of Islam?

Ans: Before the advent of Islam, there were very few people who could read or write.

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iv) Who advised the Muslims to get education?

Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) advised the Muslims to get education.

v) What did Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) dislike?

Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) disliked arrogance and pride.

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vi) Who is father of all the human beings?

Ans: Hazrat Adam (AS) is father of all the human beings.

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vii) What is the standard of superiority in Islam?

Ans: Piety is the standard of superiority in Islam.

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viii) Who was Hazrat Zainab (RA)?

Ans: She was a cousin of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW).

ix) To who was she married?

Ans: She was married to a free slave Zaid bin Harris (RA).
...

x) Who was Hazrat Salman Farsi?

Ans: He was a slave.

xi) Who was Hazrat Imam Hassan Basri (RA)?

Ans: He was the son of a slave.

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xii) Who gave women the right of inheritance?

Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave women the right of inheritance in property and wealth.

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Q:2 Fill in the blanks suitable verbs?

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i) Without him, the world would not have been proved.

ii) They set themselves to acquire knowledge as a religious obligation.

iii) The Holy Prophet (SAWW) took steps to promote literacy and love of learning.

iv) Before Islam, the Arabs used force to settle their disputes.

v) The Holy Prophet (SAWW) introduced judicial procedure.

Q:3 Encircle the correct answers of the following Multiple Choice Questions?

i) There were very few people who could read or(a) think (b) teach (c) learn (d) write

ii) The idol worshippers of Arabia turned into a _________(a) simple people (b) standard people (c) civilized people (d) clever people

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iii) He (SAWW) took steps to promote _______ and love for learning.(a) Country (b) literacy (c) laws (d) business

iv) Laws were made for _______(a) Strangers (b) Women (c) Children (d) Every one

v) On this condition they would get ________(a) Coins (b) promotion (c) freedom (d) education

vi) The Arabs settled their disputes in the earlier days with _____(a) love (b) unity (c) manners (d) sword and violence

vii) They set themselves to acquire knowledge as a religious ________(a) things (b) rite (c) festival (iv) obligation

viii) When the Holy Prophet (SAWW) preached God's message the idol worshippers became?(a) civilized (b) foolish (c) stupid (d) united

ix) The _______ of women were established(a) rights (b) rites (c) writes (d) duties

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Q:4 Write "True" or "False"?

(a) The rights of women were established (T)

(b) The Muslims made great progress in every field of life. (T)

© The Arabs turned into a civilized people. (T)

(d) The Holy Quran teaches us brotherhood and honesty (T)

(e) A reformer is one who does not bring about reforms in a society (F)

(f) The Holy Prophet (SAWW) introduced judicial procedure.(T)

(g) After embracing Islam the people became idol worshipper.(F)

(h) If we are united we are weak. (F)

(i) Justice is the golden rule of the Muslim community (T)

(j) The non Muslims worship only one God (F)

Q:5 Match the column "A" with column "B" and write your answer in column "C".

They became a (1)

The earning of money without efforts(3)

The teachings of (2)

Inheritance in property and wealth.(5)

Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) was against (3)

Strong Muslim community(1)

Most of the girls were burnt(4)

The Holy Quran inspire us.(2)

Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave women the right of (5)

Or buried alive in their childhood.(4)

He advised the Muslims (6)

A slave.(10)

He took steps to (7)

Without any discrimination (9)

It was due to his teachings that(8)

The slaves also attained equal rights (8)

They flourished in every walk of life(9)

Promote literacy (7)

Hazrat Salman Farsi(RA) was(10)

To get themselves educated.(6)

LESSON 02 P1 --- Hazrat Khalid Bin Waleed (RW)

2009-03-09T11:57:00.004-07:00

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HAZRAT KHALID BIN WALEED(Razi-Allah-o-unhu).

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Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) was a great warrior of Islam. He was the son of a noted leader, named Waleed bin Mugheera. He belonged to a famous family of warriors. During his youth he had attained enough skill in horse riding and sword fighting. He had also learnt other skills of warfare. He led many expeditions.When Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) realized that Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) preached the true religion of Islam, he met the Holy Prophet (SAWW) along with his two other companion. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) felt very pleased to receive them. Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) embraced Islam and requested Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) to pray for his forgiveness to Allah. He promised to devote his future life to the service of Islam.Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) admired the valour and bravery of Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (R.A) and gave him the title of "Saifullah" (Sword of Allah).After the death of HazratMuhammad (SAWW) the first Khalifah Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA) appointed Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) to command the Muslim army.During the Khilafat of Hazrat Umar (RA) (the second Khalifah), Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) was made the Deputy Commander of the Muslim army. He accepted this post and fought in the battle of Yermuk that continued for three days. At last the Muslims won this battle due to the bravery and planning of Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA).During his lifetime as a Muslim he took part in more than twenty expeditions and did not lose a single one. There was no place on his body where he did not receive a sword cut or a wound. Despite his utmost desire, he was not martyred but died a natural death at the age of sixty one..

EXERCISE

Q:1 Answer the questions:

(i) What do you know about Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA)? Write atleast ten sentences about him.

Ans: Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) was the son of Waleed bin Mughaire Waleed bin Mughaire was a well known leader Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) belonged to a famous family of warriors. He himself was a great warrior too. When he came to know the true teachings of Hazrat Muhammmad (SAWW), be became Muslim. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave him the title of (Saifullah) which means the sword of Allah. He proved himself the sword of Allah winning more than twenty battles without losing in any one of these battles. When someone asked him the cause of his brilliant success in every battle he replied that all of this was due to the holy hair of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW). He used to keep the holy hair in his cap and God gave him success in every battle. This great warrior of Islam died at the age of sixty one years.

(ii) At the time of embracing Islam, what did Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) say to Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW)?

Ans: When Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) embraced Islam, he requested Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) to pray for his forgiveness by Allah. He promised to devote his future life in the service of Islam.

(iii) What title was given to Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) by Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) and why?

Ans: Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) gave him the title of "Saifullah" which means the Sword of Allah. He was given this title because he was very brave..

Lesson No.2

Q:2 Fill in the blanks:-

(i) Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) was a great warrior of Islam.

(ii) He promised to devote his future life in the serve of Islam.

(iii) During his life time as a Muslim he took part in more than twenty battles and did not lose in a single one.

(iv) Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) admired the valour andbravery of Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) and gave him the title of Saifullah.

(v) He accepted his post and fought in the battle of Yermuk.

(vi) He belonged to a famous family of warriors.

Q:3 Change the following sentences from the present indefinite into the present continuous.

Example: Arshad writes a letter (Present Indefinite)Arshad is writing a letter (Present Continuous)

(i) It rains heavily in Murree.

Ans: It is raining heavily in Murree.

(ii) The sun rises.

Ans: The sun is rising.

(iii) He reads his book.

Ans: He is reading his book.

(iv) Aslam writes a letter to his friend.

Ans: Aslam is writing a letter to his friend.

(v) Australia plays a cricket match with Saudi Arabia.

Ans: Australia is playing a cricket match with Saudi Arabia.

(vi) I stand on the hill top.

Ans: I am studying on the hill top.

(vii) My father exercises.

Ans: My father is exercising.

(viii) The clock strikes ten.

Ans: The clock is striking ten.

(ix) The bell rings. It's home time.

Ans: The bell is ringing it's time to go home.

(x) We walk to school.

Ans: We are walking to school.

Q:4 Translate into Urdu.

(All translations in URDU will appear soon. Please bear with us)

During his lifetime as a Muslim he took part in ore than twenty expeditions and did not lose a single one. There was no place on his body where he did not receive a sword cut or wound. Despite his utmost desire, he was not martyred but died a natural death at the age of sixty one.

Q:5 Match the part of the sentence

Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed (RA) (1)

he took part in more than twenty battles.(2)

During his lifetime as a Muslim (2)

Waleed bin Mugheera (3)

The name of Hazrat Khalid bin Waleed's (RA) father was (3)

the first caliph of the Muslims. (5)

"Saifullah" means (4)

Sword of Allah. (4)

Hazrat Abu Bakar (RA) was (5)

was a great warrior of Islam. (1).

Q:6 The masculine gender is used for males. The feminine gender is used for females.

Gender is indicated:

a) by different words such as: Males Females King Queen Brother Sister Son Daughter.

b) by adding a prefix ()before the word) e.g. Male servant Maid servant Male doctor Lady doctor.

c) by adding suffix (after the word) e.g.Land lord Land lady He goat She goat.

d) by adding ess as shown below. Lion Lioness Host Hostess Actor Actress.

Q:7 Change these into male gender.

Female ............................................... Male

Actress .............................................. Actor

Hostess .............................................. Host

Mistress ............................................ Mister

Lioness .............................................. Lion

Tigress .............................................. Tiger.

Q:8 Write the female gender of these.

Male .................................................. Female

Hero .................................................. Heroine

Tiger ................................................. Tigress

Emperor ........................................... Empress

Doctor ............................................... Lady doctor

Land lord .......................................... Land lady

Peacock ............................................. Peahen.

Q:9

i) The plural of a noun is generally formed by adding "s" to the singular.

Examples:Ship Ships Toy Toys.

i) Words ending in 's', 'sh', 'ch', or 'x' form their plural by adding 'es':

Examples:Bus Buses Dish Dishes Church Churches Box Box.

ii) By adding 'en' or 'ren':Ox Oxen Child Children.

The teacher should explain that there are some special words in which 'r' is used before suffixing 'en', like in children.

iv)PotatoPotatoesTomatoTomatoesMangoMangoes.

v) Words ending in 'y' preceded by a consonant form plural by changing 'y' into 'ies':

Examples:.City Cities Treaty Treaties.

vi) Words ending in 'f' and 'fe' change into 'ves':Calf Calves Knife Knives Wife Wives.

vii) Words ending in 'oof', 'ief' and 'ff' take only 's' for plural:

Examples:Roof Roofs Hoof Hoofs Chief Chiefs Dwarf Dwarfs.

viii) Some words change the vowel in the body of the word to make plural:

Examples:Man Men Woman Women Mouse Mice Foot Feet Tooth Teeth Goose Geese.

Q:10Write the plural form of these words:

Boy ....................................................................................... Boys

Girl ....................................................................................... Girls

Ship ...................................................................................... Ships

Calf ....................................................................................... Calves

Wife ...................................................................................... Wives

Knife ..................................................................................... Knives

Roof ...................................................................................... Roofs

Dwarf ................................................................................... Dwarfs

Mouse .................................................................................. Mice

Tooth ................................................................................... Teeth

Man ...................................................................................... Men

Chief ..................................................................................... Chiefs

City ....................................................................................... Cities

Bus ........................................................................................ Buses

Box ........................................................................................ Boxes

Ox .......................................................................................... Oxen

Child ...................................................................................... Children

Potato .................................................................................... Potatoes

Negro ..................................................................................... Negroes.

LESSON 03 P1 --- Kindness to Living Things

2009-03-09T11:57:00.001-07:00

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KINDNESS TO LIVING THINGS
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Kindness is a great virtue. God is love and the best prayer to God is the love of His creation.
Kindness benefits both, the giver and the receiver. Kind words and kind deeds are a sure way of winning God's grace. The best and the easiest way of pleasing God is to serve mankind by wiping the tears of others in grief and sorrow. We can serve humanity through kind words of comfort, by feeding the hungry and cheering the depressed.
"Little deeds of kindness
Little deeds of love,
Make this earth an Eden,
Like the Heaven above"

All religions of the world have preached love and kindness to all living things. Kindness is not confined to human beings alone, but to all living things also. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) warned people against cruelty to animals. He advised his people to treat them with kindness. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) used to relate to his companions the instance of a Jewish woman. She was punished by God for starving her cat to death. Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) also used to relate another story of a woman who found a dog dying of thirst. She took off her shoe and lowered it into a nearby well and drew water from it. She gave it to the thirsty dog to drink. This good deed earned her God's forgiveness for all her previous sins.
Animal serve us in various ways. Horses, mules and donkeys are used for pulling carts on which things are transported from one place to another. Cows and goats give milk on which small children feed. We should be kind to animals, birds and even small insects, like a firefly or a bee.

Abdullah bin Masud (RA) relates, "While we were on a journey in the company of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) we saw two young doves sitting in a nest. We caught the young baby birds. When their mother returned to the nest she began to fly wildly round the nest". When Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) arrived at the spot and came to know the incident, he (SAWW) said, "if any one of you has caught the birds, he must release them at once to comfort the mother bird."

Abdullah bin Masud (RA) relates that on another occasion they placed some straw on an anthill and set fire to it. They wer cursed by Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW).
Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) said that animals should not be branded on the face as it is a very sensitive part of the body. If at all the animal is to be branded, it should be branded on its back.
A universal law has been introduced to stop the killing of animals or treating them cruelly. There is a "Word Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals". A universal law prevents killing and hunting of animals for personal hunt. This shows the concern of this society for preventing animals from the cruelty of man.

EXERCISES
Q:1 Answer the question.
i) Write a few lines on "Kindness is a great virtue."
Ans: Kindness is a great virtue. A kind person loves man, birds and animals. He loves and serve every one and God loves him. Therefore, kindness is a great virtue.
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ii) Why should we be kind to animals and birds? Do they serve us? If so, in what ways?
Ans: Animals and birds serve us in different ways. We get milk and meat from animals. We use animals for transportation. Birds amuses in various ways. In view of all these services we should be kind to animals.
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iii) Write an instance that you may have read about kindness to animals from the life of Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW).
Ans: Once Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW) saw a man treating his camel cruelly. The Holy Prophet (SAWW) came back to his home. He could not sleep that might. The next day the Holy Prophet (SAWW) met that man, purchased that camel and set it free.
Activity:
Imagine that you have a small zoo which you have made at home. You plan to keep birds and some domestic animals in it. You want people to be nice to your pets and not to tease them.
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Make eight rules for the people who come to look at your aquarium o r the cages of birds and animals. (four for the birds and four for the animals)
Examples:
Rule No. 1 Do not scare the animals.
2 Do not hit the birds with pebbles.
3. Feed banana to the monkey.
4. Do not throw banana or other peels at the animals etc. etc
Five rules for animals:
1) Do not throw things at the animals.
2) Feed ground nuts and bananas to monkeys.
3) Do not tease animals any way.
4) Keep away from cages of animals.
5) Be kind to animals and give them to eat what they like.
Five rules for birds:
1) Feed guava to parrots.
2) Do not frighten birds.
3) Do not throw harmful things in cages.
4) Give birds to eat what they like.
5) Be kind to birds and do not make a noise near their cages.
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Exercise:
Imagine your friend has got some new birds and animals in addition to his pets. You want to know some details about these new arrivals.
Write him a letter expressing all you want to say or find out about them. Also express that you plan to make a small zoo and ask for your friend's advice.

LETTER
Dear friend,
Assalam-o-Elaikum; How are you? I am fine and I wish you a happy life. I came to know through dear uncle tat you have got some new birds and animals as addition to your pets. Please write me some necessary details about these new guests of your small zoo. What are their names and habits? I also plan to make a small zoo. Please give me some advice in this respect. Which animals should I keep in my zoo? From where can I get these animals? What should I give them to eat?
I am waiting for your reply anxiously. Say my 'Salam' to dear uncle and aunt.
Your loving Friend,
.

Adjectives:
There are three degrees of comparisons
The positive e.g. tall.
The comparative e.g. taller.
And the superlative e.g. tallest.
If an adjective has 'e' at the end we add r or st. e.g.
Large ................................. Larger ................................ Largest
Brave ................................. Braver ................................ Bravest
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For adjectives of one or two syllables we add 'er' to make comparative or second degree and 'est' for making superlative of an adjective or third degree. e.g.
Tall Taller Tallest
Long .................................. Longer ................................. Longest
Small ................................. Smaller ................................ Smallest

There are a number of adjectives which are changed to comparative and superlative degrees as e.g.
Good .................................. Better ................................... Best
Much ................................. More ..................................... Most

Remember that we use the comparative degree to compare two things. e.g.

This is a better place than that one or which is the better of these two books?
.

The superlative degree is used for more than two things. We use 'the' before the superlative degree. e.g.

Islam is the best religion or
December is the coldest month.

Q:2 Supply the most suitable form of the following adjectives in the blanks.
i) I have many friends but my brother is my ----- friend. (good, better, best)
ii) Amar is 5 feet tall.
Azam is 5.1 inches tall.
Aman is 5.2 inches tall.
Who is the ---------- of the three friends? (tall, taller, tallest)
iii) K2 is the ------------ peak in Pakistan (high, higher, highest)
iv. Amer got 95 marks, Arshad got 80 marks and Aslam got 75 marks in English. Who got the ----------- marks? (high, higher, highest)
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Q:3 Match part of the sentence in column 'A' with the relevant part of the sentence of column 'B' to make a complete sentence.
Kindness is a great (1) A
milk. (4) B
A universal law (2) A
branded on the face. (3) B
Animal should not be (3) A
in many ways. 6 B
Cows and goats give us (4) A
branded on haunches. (5) B
The animals can be (5) A
prevents hunting and killing of animals and birds. (2) A
Animals serve us (6) A
is love. (7) B
God (7) A
virtue. (1) B

LESSON 04 P1 --- Little Things (Poem)

2009-03-09T11:56:00.007-07:00

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LittleThings
Little drops of water,
Little grains of sand,
Make the mighty oceans,
And the little moments,
Humble though they be,
Make the mighty ages,
Of eternity;
So our little errors,
Lead the soul away,
From the paths of virtue,
Into sin to stray,
Little deeds of kindness,
Little words of love,
Make our earth an Eden,
Like the Heaven above.
(Julia A. Carney)

Notes:
Often little things in life indicate great changes. As little drops of water make mighty oceans, similarly little deeds of kindness can make us dear to even our enemies and thus make this world a happy place to live in.

EXERCISES
Q:1
i) Explain the main idea of the poem in your own words.
Ans: We should not look down upon little things. Every thing has its importance, how little it may be. As we see every big and great thing is made up of little things. An ocean is made up of little drops of water. Little grains of sand make a big desert. In the same way little errors become big sins. Little deeds of kindness and love console the hearts and bring happiness in this world.
ii) How do little deeds of kindness make our life happy?
Ans: Little deed of kindness and little words of love though little in it selves, but they have much importance in spreading a pleasant influence. They may make happy the gloomy hearts. They may console the broken hearts. They may make smile the weeping persons. They can make us dear to even our enemies and thus make this world a happy place to live in.
iii) Explain in your own words the second stanza of the poem. Elaborate in your own words in a paragraph of 100 words the message the poet gives in these lines.
Ans: So our little errors, Lead the soul away, From the paths of virtue, Into sin to stray, Little deeds of kindness, Little words of love, Make our earth an Eden, Like the Heaven above.
Explanation:
.
In this stanza the poetess says that our little mistakes and wrong doings bother us. These mistake make our mind and soul dirty. We cannot feel the difference between wrong and right. We cannot keep good company. Our errors and mistakes make us blind of mind and heart. Neither we can think nor understand any thing. Little words of love and little deeds of kindness can make us dear to even our enemies. And thus we can make this world a happy place to live.
iv) How can we make our own surroundings an Eden? Take help from the poem to write an essay of about 150 words.
Ans: Every thing has its own value in the world. Little things make big bodies. Many drops of water make a mighty sea and running water. Like this little grains of sand make big, vast and beautiful land. Short moments of time turn into never ending ages. In the same way our little errors make our life hell for ourselves and for others. Our little deeds of kindness make this world heaven for us and for others. Therefore, we should love and respect our elders. We should be kind to our youngsters. As a result of this every one will love us. There will be an atmosphere of love and peace everywhere and this world will turn into heaven. It is said tat sweet words have magical effect. Likewise, good deeds give everlasting peace and pleasure. Therefore, we should talk to others with love and respect. We should also do good with others.
.
Q:2 Write down all the rhyming words which come at the end of each line.
Ans: (sand, land) (be, eternity), (away, stray), (love, above)

Q:3 Use five of these in sentences of your own.
Little, mighty, moment, humble, errors, stray, deeds of kindness
i) Islam advises us to avoid little sins.
ii) The ship sank in the mighty ocean in a few moments.
iii) Every passing moment brings our death nearer to us.
iv) God likes those who are humble and pious.
v) A wise man always learns from his errors.
vi) The poet way straying along the bank of river.
vii) Deeds of kindness give us the real happiness.
.
Q:4 Fill in the blank spaces with the correct words to complete the lines below.
Little drops of __________ (water, milk, syrup)
Little grains of _________ (wheat, sugar, sand)
Make the mighty __________(mountain, country, ocean)
And the beauteous ___________ (jungle, forest, land)
.
Punctuation marks:
a) Full stop (.) is used at the end of a sentence.
Example Birds fly high.
b) Question mark (?) is used when a question is asked.
c) Exclamation mark (!) is used when something is said in excitement or in exclamation.
d) Comma (,) is used.
i) After yes or no in a sentence.
Example: No, you are not going out.
ii) After words in a series:
Example: I saw lions, monkeys, elephants, leopards and many other animals in the zoo.
iii) Before direct quotation:
Example: He said, "Good morning, sir",
.
Q:5 Write these sentences in your note books using full stops, commas, question marks and exclamation marks where necessary.
i) Where are you?
ii) He said, "come back soon."
iii) Hello! How are you?
iv) I like yellow, blue, red, green, white, black, purple and orange colours.
v) No, you can't go yet.
vi) What a nice weather!
vii) Where are my books?
viii) What is the time?
ix) The sun sets in the west.
x) It is raining.

LESSON 05 P1 --- Rural and Urban Life in Pakistan

2009-03-09T11:55:00.006-07:00

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Rural and Urban life in Pakistan
Suddenly a voice came from the dining table one fine day. "Today we shall take Hamid to the Liberty Market." Hamid had come from his village to visit his uncle in Lahore during summer holidays. The whole family got ready quickly and set out in a car for the liberty Market. Hamid was very happy and was enjoying city life with his cousins Nadir and Haris. He was much thrilled and had many questions in his mind. He was looking here and there in amazement. At last he spoke, "There is a great difference in the village life and the city life."
Uncle Jameel told Hamid that the urban life is much different from the rural life. There is a great hustle and bustle in a city. Hundreds of cars, buses, trucks, rickshaws and motor bikes are seen running on the roads. There are some animal driven carts and tongas too. Most of the people in the cities are either government servants or they have private jobs. In fact, people of all the professions live and work here. Cemented houses, shopping markets, officers, schools, colleges, universities, banks and parks are found everywhere. Mud houses are very rare. Nearly every house has water, gas, electricity and telephone connection. City bus service is available on very cheap rates. Wagons, taxis, rickshaws and tongas are also used for transportation.
They reached the Liberty Market and parked their car at a parking place, and entered the market.
"Nadir, it is so difficult to walk over there," said Hamid, "we must hold each other's hands so that we may not get lost."
Hamid looked at the departmental stores with big and well decorated shops. He said, "These shops are wonderful. I have never seen such huge, beautiful and well decorated stores before this."
Uncle Jameel told the children that a large number of villagers migrate to the cities and towns particularly after the crop season is over. The farmers and traders are attracted to these places. Here, they can work and earn lots of money. Many educated people who belong to nearby villages, prefer to settle in big cities.
Sometimes, due to limited housing facilities the rural and city folks both face a lot of problems. The urban life is a very busy life. One has to run with the time. This shows sharp contrast with the rural life style where one has enough time to sit together and enjoy 'gupshup'.
The smoke from chimneys, buses and trucks has badly polluted the city atmosphere. Another major problem in the cities is noise pollution. The loud music and frequent use of pressure horns in the crowded areas cause hearing problems. The fast and unruly traffic is causing serious accidents everyday. The only way to avoid all this is to visit some park, riverside, garden or a historical place.
There are a large number of government private hospitals and clinics. They have the latest equipments, and highly qualified staff of doctors, nurses and their assistants. A large number of primary and secondary schools, colleges and universities have been opened in the cities.
Haris: "There are places of entertainment like theatres, cinemas, museums, zoo and a number of places of historical importance."
Hamid: "Now I will tell you about the rural life. The rural areas consists of small villages. The inhabitants are mostly farmers and handicraft workers and other ordinary vendors. They are simple, honest and hardworking people. They live in mud houses with no separate kitchen and bathroom.
Drinking water, fuel, gas and electricity are the most rare facilities. Some of the villages, which are closer to a big town or city have the facility of electricity. Health care units, schools, post offices, banks and roads are very few and located at great distances. However, nature is quite open, abundant and generous. Fresh air, vegetables and fruit are readily available. Orchards, gardens and lush green fields present a pleasant and cooling sight to the eyes.
A person feels peaceful among green trees and plants. The farmers, tenants and other workers provide grains, cotton, vegetables and fruit of all kinds to the whole nation. Use of tractors, threshers and fertilizer by the farmers is common. Some poor farmers are compelled to use the old farming methods use to lack of funds. A large quantity of selected variety of agricultural produce is exported to earn foreign exchange for the country.
It can easily be observed that the city life has its own attractions whereas the rural life has its own charms. However, problems are everywhere, which can be solved with education and honest work.
.
EXERCISE
Q:1 Use the following words in your own sentences.

.
Rural, urban, amazement, compared with, inhabitants, decorate, wonderful, permanent
.

Fresh air, pure food and peaceful atmosphere of rural life makes it lovable.
I like urban life for its modern facilities.
The child was seeing his toys in amazement.
Compare urban life with rural life.
The house was burnt but the inhabitants were saved.
The Muslims decorate their houses to celebrate the Eid-Miladun Nabi.
The scenery of Murree is wonderful.
Good deeds give us permanent happiness.

Q:2 Translate the following paragraph into Urdu.
Not Necessary
.

Q:3 Write ten sentences about the rural life.
Ans: Village life is quite different from city life. It is free from the problems and troubles we have in the city. Pure air, pure food and pure atmosphere is available in the village. It is quite noiseless. There are no factories in a village which may disturb us. There is no traffic of cars, buses and other vehicles to confuse us. The sounds that we hear in the village are mostly those of birds and animals and carts, moving along dusty roads. The voices of the villagers are at times heard in the streets or in the fields. There are green crops around the villages. We find fresh and clean air, free from the smoke of factories, buses and machines. But the inner parts of the villages are not clean.

.
Q:4 Write ten sentences about the urban life.
Ans: Life in a city is very fast. It has all the facilities and comforts of modern civilization. People seem in a hurry Everything is available in a city. You can have every luxury provided you have money. People living in villages are attracted by the comforts of city life. They come to the city in search of employment. There is a tendency of transfer of population from a village to the city which results in increase of population in cities. It gives rise to many problems like lack of accommodation over crowdedness and unemployment.
.

Q:5 Active Voice
Example:
Nadir had read the book
Passive Voice
The book had been read by Nadir.
.

i) Change into Passive Voice.

(a) Open the door. (Active Voice)
Let the door be opened. (Passive Voice)
.

(b) He opened the door. (Active Vioce)
The door was opened by him. (Passive Voice)
.

© He spoke a few words. (Active Voice)
A few words were spoken by him. (Passive Voice)
.
Passive Voice
Example:
He was given some money by his father.
Active Voice:
His father given some money by his father.
.

ii) Change into Active Voice.
(a) A letter was written by Kamran to his wife. (Passive Voice)
Kamran wrote a letter to his wife. (Active Voice)
.

(b) My breakfast has been prepared by my mother. (Passive Voice)
My mother has prepared my breakfast. (Active Voice)
.

(d) Students are taught by teachers. (Passive Voice)
Teachers teach students. (Active Voice)
.

(e) An essay was written by him. (Passive Voice)
He wrote an essay. (Active Voice)
.

(f) The bicycle was repaired by him. (Passive Voice)
He repaired the bicycle. (Active Voice)
.
EXAMINATION EXERCISES
Q:1 Fill in the blanks with appropriate words?
i) Today we shall take Hamid to Liberty Market.
ii) He was very thrilled and had many questions in his mind.
iii) Most of the people in cities are either government servants or they have private jobs.
iv) Many educated people who belong to nearby villages, prefer to settle in big cities.
v) Now I will tell you about the rural life.
.
Q:2 Encircle the correct answers of the following Multiple Choice Questions?
i) There is a great _________ in village life and city life.
(a) diference (b) difference (c) difference (d) differences
.

ii) Hamid looked never before well decorated _______
(a) rikshaws (b) tongas (c) people (d) shops
.

iii) Mud houses are very ______________
(a) real (b) rare (c) roar (d) rear
.

ii) The major problem of the cities is __________
(a) illiteracy (b) ignorance (c) pollution (d) animal
.

iii) In the _________ we can see the things related our history and forefather's culture.
(a) zoo (b) museum (c) gardens (d) cinemas
.

vi) Wagons, taxis, rickshaws and tonga are also used for
(a) air service (b) transportation (c) shopping (d) amusement
.

vii) The whole family got ready quickly and set out in a car for ________ Market.
(a) Shahdara (b) Anarkali (c) Liberty (d) Shadman
.

viii) The urban life is a very __________ life.
(a) easy (b) busy (c) wonderful (d) strange
.

ix) Orchards, gardens and green fields present a pleasant sight to __________
(a) eyes (b) village (c) road (d) city
.

Q:3 Write "True" or "False"?
1. Illiteracy is the big problem in cities. - F
2. Urban life is much different from rural life. - T
3. Hamid was not enjoying the city life. - F
4. Rickshaws are very rare in cities. - F
5. All education people belong to nearby village. - F
6. Another major problem in the cities is noise pollution. - T
7. The rural areas comprise of big villages.
8. A person feels peaceful in green trees and plants. - T
.

Q:4 Match the column "A" with column "B" and write your answer in column "C".

_________A ______________B _______________C
1 Houses made ------------- are very rare ---------- of bricks
2 Mud houses are ---------- wonderful -------------- are very rare
3 These shops -------------- care units -------------- are wonderful
4 The urban life is ---------- fields ------------------- very busy life
5 Health -------------------- fertilizer ---------------- care units
6 Lush green --------------- everywhere ------------- fields
7 Threshers and ------------ very happy life ---------- fertilizers
8 Problems are ------------- of bricks ----------------- everywhere
.
Q:5 Rearrange the following words to make meaningful sentences?
1) here was looking and there with amazing eyes he.
Ans: He was looking here and there with amazing eyes.
2) available on very cheap rates city bus service is.
Ans: City bus service is available on very cheap rates.
3) the market entered then they.
Ans: They then entered the market.
4) bus life is a very a urban the.
Ans: The urban life is a very busy life.
5) plants persons feels green peaceful in and a trees.
Ans: A person feels peaceful in green trees and plants.

-------------- OOO --------------------- OOO -------------------

LESSON 06 P1 --- Chinese Wisdom

2009-03-09T11:55:00.003-07:00

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THE CHINESE WISDOM
Back in the third century A.D. the Chinese king sent his son Prince Tai to a temple to get education from the great master Pan Ku. Prince Tai was to succeed his father as king. Pan Ku was to teach the boy the basics of a good ruler. When the Prince arrived at the temple the master sent him alone to the Ming-Li Forest with the advice to meditate and discover the various sounds in the forest. After one year the Prince was to return to the temple to submit his findings of the sounds before the great master.
When Prince Tai returned, Pan Ku, the great master at the temple asked the boy to describe all that he had seen or had heard during his stay in the forest.
"Respected Master," said the Prince, "I could hear the cuckoos' song, the leaves' rustle, the humming birds' hum, the crickets' chirp, the grass' blow, the bees' buzz and the winds, whisper". When the Prince had narrated all that he had experienced the master ordered him to go back to the forest again. He told him to stay for another one year to listen to what more he could hear. The Prince was puzzled by the master's new order. "Had he not discerned every sound and explained everything to the master already?" Thought the Prince to himself.
He went back to the forest again for one more year with the advice to meditate and discern the various sounds in the forest.
For days and nights, the young prince sat alone in the forest listening to the sounds more attentively. But e heard no sounds other than those he had already heard. Then, one morning, as the prince silently beneath the trees, he started to discern faint sounds unlike those he had ever heard before. The more closely he listened, the more audible and clearer the sounds became. The feeling of enlightenment enveloped the boy. "These must be the sounds the master wished me to discern!" He reflected.

When Prince Tai returned to the temple, the master asked him what more he had heard. "Respected Master," responded the prince reverently, "when I listened most closely, I could hear the unheard sound of flowers opening, the sounds of the sun warming the earth and the sound of the grass with the morning dew."
The master nodded approvingly:
"To hear the unheard," remarked Pan Ku, is a necessary discipline to be a good ruler. For, when a ruler has learned to listen closely to the people's heart, hearing their feelings un-communicated, pains unexpressed and complaints not spoken of, only then he can hope to inspire confidence in his people. He can understand when something is wrong, and meet the true needs of the citizens.
The demise of states comes when leaders listen only to superficial words and do not go deeply into the souls of the people to hear their true opinions, feelings and desires.

EXERCISES
Q:1 Answer these questions.
i) Why and where did the king send his son?
Ans: The king sent his son Prince Tai to the temple to study under the great master Pan Ku.
i) Where did the master send the prince?
Ans: The master sent him alone to the Ming-Li forest.
ii) After how long was the prince to return to the temple and what was he to describe?
Ans: After one year the prince was to return to the temple to describe the sound of the forest.
iii) What did the prince describe to the master when he returned from the forest after a year?
Ans:
iv) What did the great master order the prince to do after he had finished
Ans: The prince said, "Master, I heard the cuckoos sing, the leaves rustle, the humming birds hum, the crickets chirp, the grass blow, the bees buzz and wind whisper."
v) Had the prince already discerned every sound?
Ans: No, the prince had not discerned every sound already.
vi) What happened when the prince went back to the forest?
Ans: One morning, as the prince sat silently beneath the trees, he started to discern faint sounds unlike those he had ever heard before.
vii) What were the remarks of the master when the prince had explained him all about his new experience in the forest?
Ans: The master said, "To hear the unheard, is a necessary discipline to be a good ruler."
ix) What are the characteristics of a good ruler?
Ans: A good ruler has deep insight. He can understand the real problems, worries and hardships of people. He can meet the true needs of the people.
"The demise of states comes when leaders listen only to superficial words and do not penetrate or go deeply into the souls of the people"
Means:
The leaders of a state like to hear the people praising them. All the time they love to hear good things said about them. People use artificial and superficial words to praise them. As years pass by, leaders become used to this kind of attitude. They do not look deep into the souls of others and cannot understand their feelings. They do not like to hear any thing said against themselves even if it is true. States ruled by such people do not flourish well. They do not make progress and come to a downfall. We must speak true of others when they are wrong, so that they may correct themselves.

LESSON 07 P1 --- Woman Arise

2009-03-09T11:54:00.003-07:00

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WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN NATION BUILDING
.

Nation building is a multi dimensional term, involving the entire nation at all levels. For the past few decades, a remarkable social and political awareness has been awakened particularly among women. There is a visible urge in them to strive for a better life. They are also keen to contribute towards the development of their country and the nation. With the growing economic pressure, the income of a single member is not enough to feed all of the family members. Women are, therefore, keen to find means of adding to their family income. They want to improve the standard of living and ensure better future for their children. For this, the women of our country are making their way into the national stream of progress. Women are working as teachers, professor, doctors, nurses. We see them as specialists in various medical fields. Talented women are working efficiently in PIA, TV and radio as programme organizers, producers, artists writers, newscasters, announcers and comperes. In the field of journalism women are contributing to the national development as editors, correspondents, reporters, feature and column writers.
.

Many young girls are working in banks, business and insurance companies, and in textile mils. Women have also come forward as social workers. In the field of law, women are working as lawyers and judges in courts. Some energetic young girls have also joined the police force. We have had women politicians as Prime Minister, Education Minister and also as heads of various institutions of the Education Department.
.
Women of our country are also being self employed. They are running boutiques, manufacturing garments and earning foreign exchange by exporting ready made garments. They are also running private schools and day care centers.
The rural woman has always worked with her male members in the fields. She shares the work of man on equal level. She works from dawn to dusk at home and in the fields. For the development of our country women have to be encouraged to participate and work more for the progress and prosperity of the nation.
.
EXERCISES
Q:1 Answer these questions.
i) Why have women socially and politically aware?
Ans: The political and economic crisis and the fast growing social problems have made women socially and politically aware.
.

ii) Why do women want to contribute towards the development of their country?
Ans: Women want to contribute toward the development of their country because with the growing economic pressure, the income of a single member has shrunk.
.

iii) Name at least ten professions in which women are working?
Ans: Nursing, Teaching, programming, Operating, Designing, Sewing, Knitting, Medical Profession, Acting and Journalism.
.

iv) What is self employment?
Ans: Self employment means to earn a living by working independently of an employer.
.

v) How are women contributing in the field of journalism?
Ans: In the field of journalism women are contributing as editors, correspondents, reporters, features and column writers.
.

vi) How do rural women share the burden of their men?
Ans: They share the work of men on equal level. They work from dawn to dusk at home and in the fields.
.
vii) Why should women work?
Ans: Women should work for themselves, for their men and children. In this
way they can serve their nation and country.
.

Q:2 Write a paragraph on the life of a woman who is working outside home to earn for their children.
.

Ans: Mrs. Zahida Malik is our neighbour. She has three children Aslam, Akram and Salma. Aslam reads in class six, Akram reads in class four and Salma reads in class two. Mrs. Zahida Malik's husband is a school teacher. His income is less than his expenditures. So, Mrs. Malik has to work to add to income of her family. She works in an office. She has to go to office at 8 a.m. daily. She has to walk two kilometers daily to re ach her office. Her husband goes to school on his bicycle. He cannot help her because he also has to reach his school daily at 8 a.m. His school is seven kilometers away from his home. Mrs. Malik works from morning till evening. After it, she has to walk to his home because she has not enough money to pay for conveyance. When she comes back home she has to do all home work. She has to serve her children and husband till late at night. She is a great woman. She is working hard for better future of her family.
Some major field and areas where women are working:
Education
Teachers, Professors, School Headmistress or Principals etc.
Medical field
Doctors, Nurses, Laboratory Assistants, Medical Assistants, Surgeons etc.
Media
TV and Radio Programme Organizers, Producers, Directors, Artists, Writers, Newscasters, Announcers, compares etc.
Journalism
Editors, Feature and Column Writers, Correspondents, reporters, etc.
Games
Crickets, Hockey, Golf, Table Tennis, Yachting etc
Business
Textile Mills, Insurance companies, Banks etc.
Self employment
Boutique, exporting garments etc, foreign exchange, private school.
Law and Judiciary
Barristers, Lawyers, Legal Advisors, Ombudsman etc.
Politicians
Prime Minister, Chief Minister, Member National Assembly, Member Provincial Assembly.
Rural Field
Farmers, Cultivators, etc.
.
Q:3 Chose any one area from the list above and write what profession would you like to adopt in life.
.

Ans: I want to become a doctor. I wish to set a new trend of treatment. We hear a lot about corruption, negligence and rudeness in medical profession. I shall remove all the evils breeding in hospitals and dispensaries. I have determined to serve mankind efficiently in the best interest of humanity. I shall live within my means and try to treat the poor and the needy free of charge. No chowkidar will be asked to stand on the door of my office. People will freely see me and get their treatment. They will not be charged consultation fee Medicines will not be charged very high. I shall be available to the patients round the clock. There will be no hide and seek between us. I shall win their hearts with my treatment towards them. May God enable me to get my ideas into practice. .

Q:4 Read these sentences carefully and write "true" or "false" in the box.
.

i) Doctors fly aeroplanes. - False
ii) Nurses cannot fly aeroplanes. - True
iii) Teacher can encourage the students to develop self study habits. - True
i) A banker does not work in a bank. - False
ii) A compere is the organizer of a cultural programme. He/she introduces the performer to the audience. - False
iii) People who play games do not study. - True
iv) Men and women in the villages work from dawn to dusk. - False
v) Each one of us must work hard to make Pakistan a great nation. - True
vi) Women cannot do any job except teaching and nursing. - True
vii) Women of our country are taking to self employment. - False

LESSON 08 P1 --- Evening (Poem)

2009-03-09T11:53:00.006-07:00

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EVENING
The day is past, the sun is set,
And the white starts are in the sky;
While the long grass with dew is wet,
And through the air the bats now fly,
The lambs have now lain down to sleep,
The birds have long since sought their nests;
The air is still; and dark, and deep

On the hill side the old wood rests,
Yet, of the dark I have no fear,
But feel as safe as when it's light;
For I know God is with me there,
And He will guard me through the night
For God is by when I pray,
And when I close mine eyes in sleep,
I know that He will with me stay,
And will all night watch by me keep,
For he who rules the starts and sea,
Who makes the grass and trees to grow,
Will look on a poor child lie me,
When on my knees I to him bow,
He holds all things in His right hand,
The rich, the poor, the great, the small;
When we sleep, or sit, or stand,
Is with us, for He loves us all…
(Thomas Miller)
.

Notes:
The poet, in this poem, describes his feelings when the evening sets in and a gloomy darkness fills the whole atmosphere. But the poet is not afraid because he remembers God all the time. God will be with him while he sleeps. God will protect him because he prays to Him. God loves all His creatures: the rich, the poor, the great and the small. Since God is love, we also must love one another and remove hatred from this world. Only then there will be peace and love everywhere.
.
EXERCISES

Q:1 Answer these questions.
.

i) How does the poet describe the evening in the first stanza?
.

Ans: The poet says that the sun has set in. The gloomy darkness has filled the whole atmosphere. But the poet is not afraid of darkness because he remembers God all the time God is powerful. God rules the stars and the sea. He made the grass and the trees. The long grass has become wet with dew. In the silent evening the bats are flying.
.

ii) What do the lambs and birds do when the evening sets in?
Ans: When the evening sets in, the lambs lie down to sleep and the birds get into their nests.
.

iii) Why is the poet not afraid o f darkness?
Ans: He believes that God is with him all the time and protects him. Therefore, he is not afraid of the darkness.
.

iv) Who rules the starts and the sea?
Ans: God Almighty rules the stars and the sea.

v) Who makes the grass and trees grow?
Ans: God Almighty grows the grass and trees.
.

vi) How does the poet bow before God?
Ans: The poet bows on his knees before God.
.

vii) How does God treat all people? How are the people described in the poem?
Ans: God loves all his people equally. The people are rich, poor, great and small.
.
viii) What is the theme of the poem?
Ans: The poet conveys the message that we should love one another and abolish hatred from this world.
.

Q:2 (i) Point out the rhyming words in each stanza?

.
Example: 'set' in line 1 is rhymed with 'wet' in line 3.
Ans: Set-wet, sky-fly, sleep-deep, nests-rests, fear-there, light-night, pray-stay, sleep-keep, sea-me, grow-bow, hand-stand, small-all..
(ii) Try to make sentences of the rhyming words.
Note: The rhyming words come at the end of the line in the poem.

Set ---- The sun sets in the west.
Wet --- My handkerchies is wet.
Sky ---- The stars are shining in the sky.
Fly ---- Birds fly in the air.
Sleep -- She sleeps in the room.
Deep -- The well is very deep.
Nests -- Birds make nests.
Rests -- Aslam rests in the evening.
Fear --- He fears of me.
There - There is no body in the room.
Light -- We can read in the moon light.
Night -- We sleep at night.
Pray --- I pray five times a day.
Stay --- Please, stay here for some time.
Sleep -- He sleeps on the roof.
Keep -- I keep the pen in my pocket.
Sea --- Pearls are found in the sea.
Me ---- Please, show me your pen.
Grow - We grow wheat.
Bow --- I bow only before God.
Hand - It is my right hand.
Stand - I will stand by you through thick and thin.
Small - He has a small house.
All ---- All is well that ends well.

Note: The rhyming words come at the end of the line in the poem.
.
Q:3 Write "T" for true statement and "F" for false statement.

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i) The day is past and the sun does not set. - F

ii) In the evening the bats fly in the air. - T

iii) The birds have gone to their nests for rest. - T

iv) In darkness I do not feel safe. - F

v) I pray to God before I sleep. - T

vi) God rules the stars and seas. - T

Q:4 Read the poem carefully and write short answers to the following questions:
.

i) Name the heavenly bodies mentioned in the first stanza.
Ans: There are only two heavenly bodies mentioned in the first stanza (i) the sun and (ii) the white stars.
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ii) Which animal is mentioned in the second stanza?
Ans: Name of the animals mentioned in the second stanza, is the lamb.
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iii) How does the poet feel in the dark in the third stanza?
Ans: The poet is not afraid of the dark. He feels himself as safe in the dark as in the light. Since he knows that God in with him all the time and he will guard him through the dark or night.
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iv) How does the poet communicate with God?
Ans: The poet communicates with god by describing beauties of the nature such as the sun. The moon the stars, the sea, the sky, the frees and the grass. He also remembers (communicates). Almighty Allah when he closes his eyes in sleep. When he raises hands for prayer and when he bows down on his knees as he knows that God is with him all the time.
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v) What is mentioned growing in the fifth stanza?
Ans: There is mentioned growing of the grass and the trees in the fifth stanza.
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vi) Write the kinds of people mentioned in the last stanza?
Ans: The poet has mentioned four kinds of the people in the last stanza i.e. the rich, the poor, the great and the small.
Note: Heavenly bodies: the earth, sun, stars, planets etc.
.

Q:5 Match with the opposites:
Rich ----------------------- Poor
Left ----------------------- Right
Dark ---------------------- Light
Wet ----------------------- Dry
Now ---------------------- Then
Find ---------------------- Lose

LESSON 09 P1 --- The Chinese New Year

2009-03-09T11:53:00.003-07:00

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THE CHINESE NEW YEAR

The Muslims follow the Hijri calendar. The first month is Muharram, which begins on the sighting of the moon. However, there comes a difference of ten days each year because the moon completes its revolution round the earth in shorter time than the sun.
The Hindus celebrate the seasons and their festivals are connected with seasons of the year like spring, harvest time or the beginning of the rains.
The Christian calendar (Gregorian Calendar) always stars on the 1st of January and ends on the 31st of December each year.
Although the Chinese follow the English calendar as do all other people in the world. But according to the old Chinese traditions they have a cycle of twelve years, which is followed in the Chinese society only.
Each year is given the name of one of these animals rat, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey, chicken, dog and tortoise. This cycle is completed in twelve years and then starts again. For example, if 1988 was the dragon year, the next year, that is,1989 would be the snake year and so on.
Each Chinese month starts on the day of the new moon so that the full moon comes on the fifteenth day of the month. There are 29 or 30 days I n each lunar month. They also have 12 months in a year and the new year always starts between January, the twenty first, and February, the twentieth.
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Before the New Year Day, some traditional Chinese families clean out their houses very carefully. The female family members make many kinds of cakes and other sweet dishes. Everybody buys new clothes for the family feast on the New Year's Day. The Chinese people believe and hope that the sweet sticky juice cake will keep their kitchens stored with a lot of bread, rice and other food cereals.
The religious Chinese go to the temples to burn incense and other fragrant sticks and make offerings to their gods. Inside the hose, bright red banners are stuck on the walls, saying, "May the whole family love in peace! And also, "May the rice jars be filled to the top with rice!"
Red is a favourite colour with the Chinese. They believe that red colour is for life, strength and valour.

.
On the new year's Eve, there is a big family dinner. All the family members are invited to this dinner and are supposed to be present there for the great meal. Even if they have to travel many miles to reach the home of their parents, the Chinese do gather to have the meal with their older generation.

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Old quarrels and petty disputes are forgotten. Everybody tries to be the first one to forget quarrels and welcome the members of the opponent family. Soon, all the differences are forgotten. The Chinese believe that all debts must be paid on the last day of the y ear.
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After the dinner, the children keep awake to welcome the New Year. Some people think that the parents will live longer if their children keep awake to greet the New Year. The lights switched on the New Year's Eve remain on for three to four days as good omen.
The New Year celebrations last for fifteen days from the new moon to the full moon. On the first day, the children and unmarried people go to visit their elders, and greet them with wishes for a happy, prosperous life. Often they give a cup of tea to their elders and receive red packets containing money.'

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The first meal on the New Year must not contain any meat. After the meal is over, people go to the temples to pray for peace, good health and give thanks for the happiness of the past y ear. Parents do not scold their children on the first day of the new year, and avoid quarrels so that the new year may be a happy one.

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The Chinese people believe that the whole year will be as good or as bad as New Year's Day and the harsh or rude words on this day will bring a bad year for them.

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The house must not be swept out on this day, otherwise all the good luck will be swept away.
On the second day of the year there is a lot of fun and friends' visits. Shops are opened on the second or the fourth day but remain closed on the third day and people stay at home. They think that opening of shops on the third day will bring bad luck.

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There is a great feast on the seventh day. The Chinese believes that the man came into the world on the seventh day, so this is a birthday for everybody. People serve raw fish with vinegar and spices on the seventh day.
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On the fifteenth day or the day of the full moon, fire crackers are lit to frighten away evil spirits. In the evening young girls throw oranges into the sea or river. As they do this they say a silent prayer that will help them find a good husband.
The young men throw dried carrots into the river and pray that they find a good wife. The full moon shines on the land of the Chinese where the celebrations come to an end at midnight.
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EXERCISES
Q:1 Write short answers to the questions below.

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i) Name the animals the Chinese years are named after.
Ans: The Chinese years are named after 12 animals. Their names are rat, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, snake, horse, goat, monkey.
.

ii) If 2002 was a horse year, what name will be given to the year 2003?
Ans: The year 2003 will be a goad year.
.

iii) When does each o f the Chinese month start?
Ans: Each Chinese month starts on the day of the new moon.
.

iv) How many days are there in each lunar month?
Ans: There are 29 or 30 days in each lunar month.
.

v) When does the new year start?
Ans: The new year always starts between January the twenty first and February the twentieth.
.

vi) What do some of the traditional families do before the New Year's Day?
Ans: Before New Year's Day, some traditional Chinese families clean out their houses very carefully. The female family members make many kinds of cakes and other sweet dishes. Every body buys new clothes for the family feast on the New Year Day.
.
Q:2 Read the lesson carefully and answer the following questions.
.

i) Where do the religious Chinese go and what do they do there?
Ans: The religious Chinese go to the temples to burn incense and other fragrant sticks and make offerings to their gods.
.

ii) Which is the favorite colour of the Chinese? What does this colour mean to them?
Ans: Red is a favorite color with the Chinese. They believe that red colour is fore life, strength and valour.
.

iii) Describe the New Year's Eve and the special functions on that day.
Ans: On the New Year's Eve (last day of the year) there is a big family dinner. All family members are invited to this dinner and are supposed to be present there for the great meal. Even if they have to travel many miles to reach home of their parents, the Chinese do gather to have the meal with their older generations.
.

iv) Do people keep the old grievances and quarrels in mind on the last day of the passing year?
Ans: Old quarrels and petty disputes are forgotten on that day.
.

v) How many days do the celebrations last?
Ans: The New Year celebrations last for fifteen days from the new moon to the full moon.
.
vi) What do the Chinese believe and do on the first meal of the New Year?
Ans: The female family members make many kinds of cakes and other sweet dishes. The Chinese people believe and hope that the sweet sticky juice cake will keep their kitchens stored with a lot of bread, rice and other food cereals.
.

vii) Why is the fifteenth day or the full moon celebrations so special, especially for the young, unmarried people?
Ans: On this day the young, unmarried people say a silent prayer for their life partner. Young girls throw oranges and the young men throw dried carrots into the sea or river and pray to find a good life partner.
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viii) Why are children happy on New Year Day? Give three reasons?
Ans: The children are very happy on the New Year's Day for the following reason:
i) They get new clothes.
ii) They get many kinds of cakes and other sweet dishes to eat.
iii) They receive money from their parents.
.

continue to page 2 Click

LESSON 09 P2 --- The Chinese New Year

2009-03-09T11:53:00.001-07:00

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THE CHINESE NEW YEAR . Page 2

EXERCISES ... continue from page 1

Q:3 Write from your own experience:
a) New Year preparations, celebrations and customs in your own country or in another country.
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NEW YEAR
New year is celebrated in Pakistan in an Islamic manner. The Muslims do not follow non-Islamic customs. Our religion guides us to worship God on such occasions. On this day the people of our country wish new year to one another. The devoted Muslims pray to God begging forgiveness for their sins. The children ask their elders to pray for their success in life. The parents and elders give gifts to the youngsters. The people do not celebrate a holiday. A small number of people celebrate the new year celebrations in an un-Islamic manner. They arrange feasts and dance parties. They play games, watch movies and enjoy delicious dishes. In this way they waste their money and t.ime. We should advise such people to worship God. We should ask them to spend their money for welfare and well being of the people. Worship and service to human being are the bright ways to pleasure and eternal success.
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b) Any other festival celebrated in your home or country.
BASANT FAIR
Basant is the festival of kite flying. It means yellow colour. It is associated with the blooming of yellow flowers of mustard in February. It is an early spring festival. It marks the end of winter. It is held in the first or the second week of February every year.
Preparations for celebrating Basant fair are carried on for several months before the actual date. The Kite Flying Association declares the fixed date.
People go mad with joy on this day. Now Basant night is also celebrated. Kites are flown in the flood light speakers from the top of the roofs. High building are specially selected for kite flying. Every kind of festivity is allowed on this day. The sky is over cast with multi coloured kites. Music is on air through loud speakers on the top of every roof.
People invite their friends on this occasion. Feasts are served with tea and cold drinks. Basant is the symbol of the coming spring. But kite flying is a very dangerous and costly game. It is just like smoking heavy expenditure but with no return.
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c) Make a list of some colourful festivals you have seen and write an essay on one of them.
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Ans: (1) Eid ul Fitr (2) Eid ul Azha (3) Eid Miladun Nabi (4) Basant Fair
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EID UL FITR & EID UL AZHA
Eid ul Fitr is a day of rejoicing as well as thanks giving to Almighty God. The Muslims observe fast for twenty nine or thirty days of the holy month of Ramazan. Eid day is decided on the sighting of the crescent. It is celebrated on the first of Shawal. Eid ul Fitr is a reward for the Muslims who keep fast for the whole month.
On Eid day, people get up early in the morning and get ready to offer their prayers in the neighbourng mosques or open fields and parks. After the prayers the people meet one an other saying Eid Mubarak.
Friends shake hands and embrace one another. Then they go home and take "Swayyan" as breakfast. Plates of "Swayyan" and sweets are sent to the neighbors. Gifts are exchanged Eid cards and other gifts are to the near and dear ones.
Sweet dishes and "Swayyan" are the specialty of the Eid. That is why it is called the Sweet Eid. This is a day of merry making. Children get "eidee" from their parents. They go to bazaar to enjoy cold drinks and "chat". They like to buy balloons. Then they go to the zoo or to the parks to enjoy themselves in open air.

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EID UL AZHA
Eid ul Azha is celebrated ten days after the appearance of the moon of Zilhaj. The great activity and anxiety that is associated with the appearance of Eid ul Azha moon is not seen now. The Muslims put on new clothes and go to the open air or nearby mosques .to offer prayers. After that they sacrifice goats, sheep and other animals. It may continue for three days. It corresponds to the remembrance of Hazrat Ibrahim's (AS) willingness to sacrificed his own dear son in obedience to God's order. Meat of the sacrificed animals is distributed among the relative and the poor.

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BASANT FAIR
Basant is the festival of kite flying. It means yellow colour. It is associated with the blooming of yellow flowers of mustard in February. It is an early spring festival. It marks the end of winter. It is held in the first or the second week of February every year.
Preparations for celebrating Basant fair are carried on for several months before the actual date. The Kite Flying Association declares the fixed date.
People go mad with joy on this day. Now Basant night is also celebrated. Kites are flown in the flood light speakers from the top of the roofs. High building are specially selected for kite flying. Every kind of festivity is allowed on this day. The sky is over cast with multi coloured kites. Music is on air through loud speakers on the top of every roof.
People invite their friends on this occasion. Feasts are served with tea and cold drinks. Basant is the symbol of the coming spring. But kite flying is a very dangerous and costly game. It is just like smoking heavy expenditure but with no return.
.

Q:4 Write 'T' for true statement and 'F' for false statement.
.

i) The Muslims follow the Solar calendar. - F

ii) The Chinese calendar starts from 1st January. - F

iii) The Chinese clean their house on New Year's Eve. - F

iv) The sweet juicy cake brings good luck. - T

v) The young offer a cup of tea to their elders. - T

vi) Seventh day is a birthday of every body. - T
.
Q:5 Choose the correct answer.
i) The cycle of Chinese calendar complete in
(a) ten years (b) twelve years (c) thirteen years and (d) fifteen years
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ii) On the event of the great dinner the Chinese people forget their
(a) past (b) elders (c) quarrels and (d) joys
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iii) The cleaning of houses on New Year's Day is considered
(a) a bad omen (b) a sign o f good luck (c) good for health and (d) dull

LESSON 10 P1 --- Ladies Park – a Shameless;

2009-03-09T11:52:00.003-07:00

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Rawalpindi's only exclusive park for women, "Fatima Park", in Satellite Town, B-Block is facing administrative and financial crisis. The park is turning into a jungle.
The park, which was a playground, was turned into an exclusive park for women in 1992. Commonly known as Ladies Park, it was visited by women from the adjoining areas of Banni, Rehmanabad, Affendi Colony and Shamsabad in the morning and evenings.
"In the beginning, the park was looked after, but then nothing was done," said a woman when she was interviewed by a journalist.
There was a hall for exercise. It had equipment for exercises, but now all equipment is gone. No one uses the hall because there is nothing left now," said another woman who had joined another club for exercise. The club is quite far from her house. Both these women and many others blamed the municipal authorities for the negligence of the park and the exercises hall. This was the only facility for the women in that locality. They demanded its restoration with all the facilities.
(From DAWN, September 21, 1999)
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EXERCISES

Q:1 Answer these question.

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i) What is the name of the park?
Ans: The name of park is "Fatima Park".
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ii) Where it is located?
Ans: It is located in 'Satellite Town, B-Block Rawalpindi.
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iii) What has happened to this park?
Ans: This park is changing into a jungle.
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i) What was the park like in 1992?
Ans: It was exclusive part for ladies in 1992.
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ii) When and from which adjoining areas was the Park visited by the ladies?
Ans: It was visited by women from the adjoining areas of Banni, Rehmanabad, Affendi Colony and Shamsabad in the mornings and evenings.
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iii) What did the women do in the hall and what was available for them in it?
Ans: There was hall for exercise. It had equipment for taking exercise.
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iv) Who was blamed for this negligence by the women?
Ans: Women blamed municipal authorities for this negligence.

Q:2 Write 'T' for true statement and 'F' for false statement.
.

i) Fatima Park is not for women. - F
ii) It is neglected due to financial crises. - T
iii) The women of adjoining areas visited the park. - T
iv) There was no hall for exercise. - F
v) There were many facilities for the women. - F
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Q:3 Choose the correct answer.
.

i) Fatima Park is situated in
(a) Satellite Town (b) Islamabad (c) Liaqatabad (d) Margala
.

ii) In 1992 the park was made exclusively a
(a) Joyland (b) play land (c) exercise place (d) ladies park
.

iii) The park had
(a) a guard (b) a fence (c) equipment for exercise (d) mango trees
.

Q:4 Rewrite the news by substituting the underline words with other suitable words to make it meaningful.
.

Example"
"Rawalpindi's only exclusive Adult School for women ……..('Park' is replaced by 'Adult School')
.
You can use 'hospital', 'dispensary', 'sewing center', boutique' in place of 'park'……
.

Ans: Rawalpindi's only exclusive dispensary for women, "Fatima Dispensary", in Satellite Town, B-Block is facing administrative and financial crisis. The dispensary is turning into a ruin.
The dispensary which was a school was turned into an exclusive health care area for women in1992. Commonly known as Ladies health centre. It was visited by women from the adjoining areas of Banni, Rehmanabad, Affendi Colony and Shamsabad in the mornings and evening.
"In the first couple of weeks, the dispensary was looked after but then nothing was done", said a woman when she was interviewed by a journalist…

LESSON 11 P1 --- Sports and Games

2009-03-09T11:51:00.004-07:00

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SPORTS AND GAMES
All schools and colleges organize extra curricular activities like plays, drama, debates, sports and games for their students. Extra curricular activities are those activities which are outside the regular course of studies. These activities are good and healthy for the mind and the body. Mere literary and academic life is not necessary. The students should know the realities of life as they exist. The ideal of a good and perfect life is to have a sound mind in a sound body. Body and mind should work their best and they cannot do their best unless both are in good order.

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The proper end of games is bodily health and physical fitness. Greeks were the earliest people who introduced the marathon race and many other sports. In the past, hunting and fishing used to be mainly utilitarian in purpose. These sports were used to get food. With Greek Civilization, sports came to be looked upon as a means of building up the body and mind. The Greeks excelled in shaping the human body. The famous Olympic Games held every fourth year are a proof of the importance of sports and exercise.

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Sports and athletics are now considered an essential feature of human activity. While sports give shape and strength to the body they also instill the spirit of discipline and team work. The discipline that gained in games makes for a life of cooperation and team work which in turn are important in society and in nation building.
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Apart from making the body, limbs and muscles strong, games and sports teach how to use the energy in the right way. There are different kinds of games for different age groups. Children play running, hide and seek or they play on swings, merry go rounds or slides. The School going children have P.T. classes in which they are taught easy exercises to keep the young bodies flexible.

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Young boys play basketball and volley ball. Girls play net ball which is played on the schools courts. These games make the body muscles strong.
Some of these games and sports are played at national level. Some players qualify to play at international level.

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On thing must be kept in mid that the spirit of games and sports is not to win only. Games also teach us to practice, tolerance, honesty, dignity and other moral values.
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EXERCISE
Q:1 Answer these questions.

.
i) What is meant by extra curricular activities?
Ans: Extra curricular activities are those activities which are outside the regular course of studies.
.

ii) Names some extra –curricular activities you have in your school?
Ans: We have debates, dramas, plays and games in our school.
.

iii) What must one posses for an ideal and perfect life?
Ans: The ideal of a good and perfect life is to have a sound mind in a sound body.
.

i) What is the proper end of games?
Ans: The proper end of games is bodily health and physical fitness.
.

ii) Who were the earliest people to introduce sports?
Ans: Greek were the earliest people who introduced marathon.
.

iii) What game was used for utilitarian purpose in the past?
Ans: In the past, hunting and fishing were used to be mainly utilitarian in purpose.
.

iv) What do games tech us?
Ans: Games and sports teach how to use the energy in the right way.

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LESSON 12 P1 --- Abu Ben Adhem (Poem)

2009-03-09T11:51:00.001-07:00

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ABOU BIN ADHEM
ABOU BIN ADHEM (May his tribe increase!)
Awoke one night from a deep dream of peace,
And saw, within the moonlight in his room,
Making it rich, and like a lily in bloom,
An angel writing in a book of gold:
Exceeding peace had made bin Adhem bold,
And to the presence in the room he said,
"What writest thou?" – The vision rais'd its head,
And with a look made of all sweet accord,
Answer'd, 'The names of those who love the Lord,'
'And is mine one?' said Abou. 'Nay, or not so,'
Replied the angel, Abou spoke more low,
But cheery still; and said, 'I play thee, then,
Write me as one that loves His fellow men.'
The angel wrote and vanished. The next night,
It came again with a great wakening light,
And show's the names whom love of God had blest,
And Lo! Bin Adhem's name led all the rest.
(Leigh Hunt).

Notes:Abou bin Adhem, a born price, was a great saint who gave up a highly comfortable life for the service of mankind and love of God.
The poet through the example of 'Abou bin Adhem' teaches us to love our fellow men if we want to be blessed by God's love. He, who is patient and thankful, is loving and gentle to God's creatures, and returns good for evil, and subdues his passions and forgets his own self for others, will receive a great reward – the love of his Lord.
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EXERCISES
Q:1 Answer these questions.
i) What was the angel doing when Abou bin Adhem saw him within the moonlight in his room?
Ans: He was writing in a book of gold..
.

ii) What did Abou Adhem ask the angel?
Ans: He asked the angel, "What are your writing?"
.

iii) What did the angel tell Abou bin Adhem?
Ans: The Angel told Abou Ben Adhem, "I am writing the names of those who love God."
.

iv) What did Adhem ask the angel again when the angel told Adhem that he was "writing the names of those who love the Lord?"
Ans: He requested the angel to write his name among those who love His fellow men.
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v) What did the angel tell Adhem?
Ans: The angel told Adhem that his name was not among the names of those who loved the Lord.
.

vi) What did Adhem beg the angel to write about him?
Ans: He begged the angel to write his name as lover of the human beings.
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vii) Did the angel appear again?
Ans: Yes, the angel appeared again the next night.
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i) Where was Abou's name written amongst those who loved God?
Ans: Abou Ben Adhem's name was at the top of the list.

ii) Explain lines 1- 10 of the poem in simple English.
Ans: Abou Ben Adhem was a pious man. One night he was enjoying a sound and peaceful sleep in his room. Suddenly he awoke and saw his room flooded with moonlight. The light was increasing the spiritual value of the scene. In the light he saw an angel writing something in a golden book. The noble nature dared. Abou asked the angel what he was writing. The angel raised his head and willingly told he was writing the names of those people who loved God.
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iii) Write a short note on Abou bin Adhem.
Ans: In this poem the poet describes an even in the life of Abu Ben Adhem. He was a pious man and the leader of a tribe. He had a meeting with an angel who was writing the names of those people who loved God. Abou's name was not in it. Abou requested the angel to write his name as one who loved his fellowmen. The angel did so and vanished.
The next night the angel came again into his room and showed him the names of those who had been blessed by God's love. Abou bin Adhem's name was at the top of the list. It means if you want to get God's love, you should love your fellow beings.
.
Q:2 Choose the correct answer.

.i) Abou woke one night from a
(a) sound sleep (b) dream (c) deep dream (d) deep dream of peaceii) His room was filled with
(a) sun light (b) men (c) star light (d) moonlight
iii) An angel was writing
(a) a book (b) a diary (c) the names of those who love the Lord
(d) the names of those who hate the people
iv) Abou made a request to the angel to write his name in the list of those who
(a) love the Lord (b) love the people (c) work hard (d) play the games
v) The angel wrote the name of Abou
(a) at the bottom of the list (b) in the middle of the list (c) on the top of the list
(d) in his book

LESSON 13 P1 --- Save Nature

2009-03-09T11:50:00.003-07:00

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Save Nature
In our everyday life, water, air and land matter a lot. We drink water, breathe air and walk on land. We can tell whether the water we drink has a peculiar taste, is colourless of it has an odour which is unpleasant. The air we breathe has dust and smoke. The land we walk on is dirty and spoiled. All this is due to the fact that we are facing serious problems of pollution.
There are many types of pollution: water pollution, air pollution, land pollution and noise pollution. The fast growing population, increased number of factories and industries, and a large number of smoking vehicles are the main causes of pollution.
Water pollution takes place when it gets mixed with unclean and filthy matter due to poor drainage and sanitation system. Very often filthy water, containing human and animal waste, and poisonous chemicals, is mixed with drinking water. This dirty water is absorbed by land and reaches the underground storage of water. It is then supplied to public by the tubewells as drinking water. This dirty water also pollutes the nearby lakes, canals and rivers. Thus nature's main sources of ground and surface water are also affected.
Land pollution takes place when people dispose of their waste on the land. The improper disposal of the waste material results in a number of problems. When it rains, the rain water seeps through the soil. The waste dissolves and carries with itself harmful materials which pollute the soil.
Air pollution is the most dangerous type of pollution and also very difficult to control. It is spread allover. Its effects on human health are wide ranging and very dangerous.
Noise pollution is also causing problems in the densely populated areas. Excessive use of vehicle horns and loud music beyond a safe level damages the ear drums.
Environmental protection department is taking measures to control pollution. We, as citizens, must feel and take upon ourselves the responsibility to keep our environment clean which is also a religious obligation.
We must grow trees and protect the existing plants and trees. It is observed that most of the people clean their own places, houses and buildings, but throw garbage into the street or on the roads. It is the duty of each one of us to put the trash into the dust bins and keep our environment clean.
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EXERCISES
Q;1 Answer the following questions.

.
i) How many types of pollution are mentioned in the lesson?
Ans: The following types of pollution are mentioned in the lesson: water pollution, air pollution, land pollution and noise pollution.

.
ii) How does water pollution take place?
Ans: Water pollution takes place when it gets mixed with unclean and filthy matter due to poor drainage and sanitation.

.
iii) Give in detail what happens when rainwater seeps through the soil.
Ans: When it rains, the rain water seeps through the soil. The waste dissolves and carries with it harmful materials which pollute the soil.

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iv) What steps can you take to reduce land pollution?
Ans: We should recycle or dispose of the waste material carefully.

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v) What are the main health hazards which can be caused by poisonous gases?
Ans: Poisonous gases cause harmful diseases like cancer, heart failure, paralysis etc.
.
i) What is noise pollution and how is it damaging the human senses?
Ans: Noise pollution is caused by unnecessary and excessive use of motor vehicle horns and exceedingly loud sound of music. It damages not only our hearing but also the whole nervous system.

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ii) How are trees and plants affected by pollution?
Ans: Water pollution and land pollution have a bad effect on the fertility of the soil and thus trees and plants are destroyed.
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iii) How can we save nature in its original form?
Ans: We can save nature by reducing or eliminating pollution. We should fulfill our responsibility to keep our atmosphere clean.

.
iv) How can we keep our surrounding clean? Write a paragraph of 100 words.
Ans: We can keep our surrounding clean following these steps.
1) We should through the trash in the dustbins.
2) We should make arrangements to keep the water clean.
3) We should boil or filter water before we use it.
4) We should make the use of vehicles horns as little as it is possible.
5) If we want to enjoy music we should hear it at a very low volume
6) We should dispose of the waste material that cannot be recycled very carefully. So that it may not add to any type of pollution.
7) We should enforce the industrialists to set up their mills and factories out of the city area.
.
Q:2 Change the tense as indicated in brackets.

.
i) Clouds are formed and it rains (Past)
Ans: Clouds were formed and it rained.

.
ii) Land pollution occurs when people dispose of their waste on land. (Future)
Ans: Land pollution will occur when people will dispose of their waste on land.
.

iii) The police must challan the smoke producing vehicles. (Past)
Ans: The police challaned the smoke producing vehicles.

.
iv) We are facing serious problems of pollution (Future)
Ans: We shall be facing serious problems of pollution.
.

v) We will grow trees and plants (Past)
Ans: We did grow trees and plants.

.
Q:3 Describe in your own words what can we do to reduce air pollution.
.

We must grow trees and protect the existing plants and trees. It is observed that most of the people clean their own places, houses and buildings, but throw garbage in the street or o n the roads. It is the duty of each one of us to put the trash in the dust bins and keep our atmosphere clean.
.
Q:4 Fill in the blanks with appropriate to prepositions from the list given:
(of, with, through, on)

.
i) The land we walk on is dirty.
ii) We are facing serious problems of pollution.
iii) Chemicals are mixed with water.
iv) The main source of water is also affected.
v) The rain water seeps through the soil.

..............

LESSON 14 P1 --- Bees

2009-03-09T11:49:00.005-07:00

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B E E S

Some insects live in groups or colonies. Ants live like this and so do some wasps. Insects that live and work together are called social insects and one of the best known social insects is the honey bee. There are many different kinds of bees. Honey bees have been kept by the man for hundreds of years to get honey. These insects are also kept in a specially made wooden box called a hive.
In a hive of bees, there are a queen, some drones and thousands of workers. The queen is there only to lay eggs and do nothing else. At certain times, she may lay up to fifteen hundreds eggs everyday!. The drones are male bees and they do not work. All the tasks of the hive are done by the worker bees. They look after the queen and each new larva that hatches out from the eggs. They make layers of six sided compartments called cells. The eggs are laid and food is stored in these cells. They keep the hive cool in summer by fanning with their wings. They guard the hive so that no robber bees can get in. They also gather food. In summer there is so much work for the bees to do that they only live for four to five weeks. The bees that start their lives in the autumn do not have to work so hard, and usually live right through the winter.
.
Have you ever watched bees gathering food? They fly from flower to flower collecting nectar, which is a sweet and sugary fluid. They also collect pollen. Both nectar and pollen are used for food, but is the nectar that the bee turn into honey. Some bees collect nectar from sunflowers, others go to buttercups. The bee suck the nectar into a special honey stomach. The pollen is picked up on the hair of the body as it scrambles into the flower. It is then scraped off into a pollen basket on the outside of each back leg.
On reaching back in the hive, they store food in the cells. Some food is consumed at once. The rest is stored for the winter when there are no more flowers. To collect all the food that is needed, the bees fly around looking for new bunches of flowers. If they find some, they return to the hive and tell the other worker bees where the new supply of food can be found. They 'dance' to tell the others if food is found. The dances are special movements that the bee make. From these movements, the other bees are able to learn how long it takes to fly from the hive to those flowers.
When the eggs that the queen has laid in the cells hatch, each larva is fed on special brood food, sometimes called royal jelly made by the worker bees. If a new queen is wanted, a larva is fed all the time on this brood food. After thee days, the others stop having brood food and are given pollen and honey instead. They grow into worker bees. When a new queen comes out of the cell she flies off one day and then returns to the hive to start egg laying. At the end of the summer, the drones that are still in the hive are turned out to die in the cold.
.
EXERCISES
.

Q:1 Answer the following questions.
.

i) What are the insects called that live and work together?
Ans: Insects that live and work together are called social insects.

.
ii) Which is one of the best known social insects?
Ans: One of the best known social insect is the honey bee.

.
iii) Why are bees also known as hive bees?
Ans: These bees live happily in a specially made wooden box called a hive, so they are sometimes known as hive bees.
.

iv) Who are drones?
Ans: The drones are male bees and they do not work.

.
v) What do bee workers do?
Ans: Bee workers do all the tasks of the hive.

.
i) How many compartments does a cell have in which eggs are laid?
Ans: A cell has six sided compartments in which the eggs are laid.
.

ii) What is nectar? How do bees collect nectar?
Ans: Sweet and nice juice collected from flowers is called nectar. Bees fly from flower to flower to collect nectar.
.
iii) Describe the process by which bees gather food.
Ans: Bees collect food from different flowers. Both nectar and pollen are used for food.

.
iv) Why and when do the bees dance?
Ans: When the bees come to know the sources of nectar and pollens they come back to their hive and begin to dance. Their dance tells the workers the exact location of the new source of food.
.

v) What happens when the eggs hatch?
Ans: When the eggs hatch larvas are produced.

.
Q:2 Fill in the blanks with a suitable word by choosing one from those given in brackets.
.

i) Insects live in ________ (groups or colonies, towns or cites)
ii) Bees collect food from _______(flowers, stones)
iii) The drones are __________ bees. (male, female)
iv) Eggs are laid in ________ sided compartment (seven, six, five)
v) There are _________ seasons in a year. (four, five)
vi) Sunflowers, roses and lilies are names of _____ (vegetables, flowers)
vii) Ants and wasps are ___ (animals, insects)
.
Q:3 Write 'T' for true statement and 'F' for false statement.

i) Bees do not live in group. ........ F
ii) Honey bees live in hives. ....... T
iii) The queen can lay upto fifty thousand eggs in a day. ......... F
iv) The food is not stored in cells. ......... F
v) Bees collect nectar from the flowers. ......... T
vi) The worker bees sit idle. .......... F

.
Q:4 Use the following words in sentences of your own.
Colonies, wooden, compartment, hatch, stomach
.

Colonies
Social insects live in colonies.

.
Wooden
This wooden hose looks beautiful.

.
Compartment
There is no room in this compartment.

.
Hatch
The eggs hatched and the chicks came out of them.

.
Stomach
He feels pain in his stomach.

LESSON 15 P1 --- Form Filling

2009-03-09T11:49:00.001-07:00

Dear Students: This site is developed for your help and guidance. We will appreciate your comments & feed back. Soon we will add other subjects to this site. Thanks

15FILLING IN THE FORMS

A form is a kind of question paper asking information or facts for specific purpose. For example Post Office has made a Money Order form to enable a person to send his money to his relatives. Telegram form is used to convey an urgent message or news. Students fill the Admission Forms to get themselves admitted to an institution. Similarly there are forms for getting a passport, a visa, a connection of electricity, telephone and gas. What is important is the supply of correct information to facilitate the department to process the case easily. Short cut questions are asked in these forms about the applicant. For example 'Name' means 'what is your name?' 'Address' means 'what is your place of residence?' and so on.

Two kinds of forms are given here to show you how to fill them out:
i) Money Order

ii) Tlegram

1. MONEY ORDER

One uses this form to send money to a person in another town, city or village. The person who sends money through money order is the sender. The person who receives the money is the receiver of the money sent by the sender. The receiver is also mentioned as addressee on the form.

Following particulars are to be filled out correctly by the sender.

1. Correct name and address of the person to whom the money is sent.

2. Amount to be written in words and figures.

3. Name and address of the person who is sending the money.

4. Date when the Money Order has been filled out by the sender.

Reproduced below is a Money Order Form duly filled out as an example to follow. Only the requisite portion is reproduced here.

Suppose Abu Bakar living in Lahore wants to send Rs.450/- to his son Ahmed in Rawalpindi. Each of the item should be carefully filled out.'

Carefully study how the form has been filled out by Abu Bakar, the father of Ahmed.

Note: The teacher will help to fill in the information necessary for the sender only.

This is a student – teacher activity.

PAKISTAN POST OFFICEMONEY ORDER

No._______________________

Dated___________________

Amount in Figures

Rs.450/-

Ps.00

Issued for Rs._______________________

_________________ ________________________

M/O Clerk Issuing Postmaster

To be filled in by the Sender

Note: Department will not take responsibility if amount is delivered due to wrong name and address.

Amount in figures	Rs.450/-	Ps:00
Amount in words	Rupees Four hundred and fifty only

Name and address of addressee:

Munir Ahmed41-Bata Colony , Rawalpindi

Post Code

0421

Sender's Name and AddressAbu Bakar, 87-Zee Colony, Lahore

Post Code

0346

Signatures of Sender Dated: 03-03-2009

Abu Bakar

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Pakistan Post

Receipt for the Sender

Money Order __________________________________________

Sender's name and complete address. Abu Bakar, 87 Zee Colony, Lahore.

Post Code

Coupon: Sender may write any message here. Rs. Ps.

He may also write his name and address

Price Rs.2.00, not adjustable from commission

Please write me a letter as soon as you get money. Abu Bakar

II. Telegram

In the modern age means of communication have improved and become quick and easy. Telephone, internet and other types of information technology e.g. E-mail has eliminated/finished the distance. People sitting across the seas and oceans of the world can send messages to one another in seconds.

But these facilities are available in big cities only. People in villages and towns still use the old means of conveying urgent messages. One of the most common and quick means of conveying important messages is by way of telegram. Telegrams can now be booked on phone as well.

Booking of Telegrams

Telegrams (inland/foreign) can be booked at the public counters of PTCL Telegraph Offices or at authorized Post Office Branches.

Phonograms

Telegrams on telephone can be booked by dialing "116" (24 hours service) except press telegrams. This facility is available in all major cities. Although every care is taken yet PTCL accepts no responsibility for any mutilation or mistakes in transmission of messages through this service.

Greeting Telegrams

Greeting Telegrams comprising standard text at specially reduced rates may be sent on festive occasions to or from any Customer Service Centre/Telegraph Office in the country. Following is the standard text for Greeting Telegrams.

Greeting Phrases

Number	Phrases	Number	Phrases
One	Eid Mubarak & many happy returns	Twelve	Best wishes for a safe and pleasant journey
Two	A Merry Christmas & happy New Year	Thirteen	Hearty congratulations on success in elections
Three	A Merry Christmas to you	Fourteen	Many thanks for your good wishes
Four	A Happy New Year to you	Sixteen	Kind remembrance and all good wishes on Independence Day
Five	My heartiest Diwali Greetings to you	Seventeen	My cordial salutations on Pakistan Day, Long Live Pakistan
Six	Many happy returns of the Day	Eighteen	Heartiest congratulations on your promotion
Seven	Best Congratulations on New Arrival	Nineteen	Heartiest congratulations on your appointment
Eight	Congratulations on the distinction conferred on you	Twenty	Haj Mubarak
Nine	Best wishes for a long & happy married life	Twenty one	Heartiest congratulations on your daughter's marriage
Ten	Hearty congratulations on your success in the examination	Twenty two
Eleven	Heartiest Bijoya Greetings. A family function celebrated to the relations of brotherhood which are passed down to the coming generations to maintain goodwill relations.	Twenty three

EXERCISES

Q:1 Read the passage above on telegram and answer these questions.

i) Name some modern means of communication.

Ans: Telephone, Internet, E-mail and mobile phones are modern means of communication.

ii) What kind of information technology has removed distance?

Ans: E-mail has removed the distance.

iii) How are messages conveyed by people in villages?

Ans: People in villages and towns use the old means of conveying urgent messages.

iv) What is the most common and quick means of conveying important messages in a village?

Ans: One of the most common and quick means of conveying important messages is by way of telegram.

i) Where are telegrams booked?

Ans: Telegrams (inland / foreign) can be booked at the public counters of PTCL Telegraph Offices or at authorized Post Office Branches.

ii) What number is dialed to book telegrams on telephone?

Ans: We dial "116" to book telegrams on telephone.

iii) From where can the greeting telegrams be sent and on what occasions?

Ans: Greeting Telegrams comprising standard text at specially reduced rates may be sent on festive occasions to or from any Customer Service Centre/Telegraph Office in the country.

iv) Read the Greeting Phrases and write One, Two, Four, Ten, Sixteen, Nineteen in your notebook?

Ans:

One	Eid Mubarak & many happy returns.
Two	A Merry Christmas & happy new year.
Four	A Happy New Year to you.
Ten	Hearty congratulations on your success in the examination
Sixteen	My cordial salutations on Pakistan Day, Long Live Pakistan.
Nineteen	Haj Mubarak

Q:2 Write 'T' for true state and 'F' for false statement.

i) In modern trends means of communication have improved.

ii) E-mail has created distance.

iii) People sitting across the oceans and seas cannot get message by any means.

iv) Telegrams can now be booked on phone.

v) The words 'foreign' means in the country.

vi) "Inland" means not in the country.

vii) Greeting telegrams may be sent on festive occasions.

viii) Number one of the Greetings Phrases means "Happy Birthday".

ix) Number One of the Greeting Phrases means "Eid Mubarik and many Happy returns".

v) Number Two means "A Merry Christmas and Happy New Year".

Q:3 Fill in the blanks.

i) People sitting ________ the seas can send messages. (across, in)

ii) These facilities are available _________ big cities. (in, on)

iii) People in villages still use the old means ________ sending a message. (from, of)

iv) Telegrams can be booked _______ the public counters. (from, at)

v) PTCL accepts no responsibility _____ any mistake. (by, for)

Q:4 Use the following words in sentences of your own.

Quick, internet, convey, book, reduce, specific, facilitate, applicant, technology, requisite

Quick	Telephone, internet and E-mail are quick means of communication..
Internet	Internet is a great source of information.
Convey	We use modern means of communication to convey our messages quickly.
Book	We book or telegram at the public counters of PTCL Telegraph Offices.
Reduce	Try reduce your weight.
Specific	Please explain your case in specific form.
Facilitate	He facilitates his services for you.
Applicant	Applicant informs the WAPDA concerned staff to solve his problem.
Technology	Internet technology is very necessary for everyone.
Requisite	Please explain your case in requisite form.

PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED RECEIPT FOR

No. Date INLAND TELEGRAM .

PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED

Pak Telecom Inland Telegram Deposit A/c No.______

Sent at__________

To______________

By _____________

Words
Charges
Rs	Ps

(Nothing to be written here by the sender)

Signature of the Booking Clerk

____________________________________________________________

Name ___________________________________

Address _________________________________

Telegraph Office __________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Message to be telegraphed

Note: The name of sender, should be From_____________

Written at the end of the message

(Name of the sender)

to be telegraphed

Signature _____________

NOTE TO BE and

TELEGRAPHED Addressed of Sender ___________

Telephone No. (if any) ___________

Note for the Teacher:

The teacher should tell the students that telegraphic message should be stated briefly and clearly. The shorter the message is the lesser the charges are. Prefer to omit the words as "I", "A", "the", "that" and "and". Use nouns and verbs in place of adjectives and adverbs. Ambiguous phrases should also be avoided. Do not use salutations and complementary closes or divide a word at the end of a line.

Example:

Full worded instructions

It is to inform you that last date for submission of Admission form is August 31, 2008. You should get the Form from office at the earliest and submit it duly filled out before the due date.

This instructions will be reduced to the minimum as given below:

Last date for FSc admission is August 31, 2008. Submit form before due date.

LESSON 15 P2 --- Form Filling

2009-03-09T11:48:00.003-07:00

LESSON 16 P1 --- Admission Open

2009-03-09T11:48:00.001-07:00

Dear Students: This site is developed for your help and guidance. We will appreciate your comments & feed back. Soon we will add other subjects to this site. Thanks

Admissions Open!
(advertisement in a local English Daily)
XYZ
University
Pakistan's oldest and largest Private University
Admission open!
More than 500 Faculty Members

E- Commerce
MS: Master of Science in E-Commerce 16 months programme.
Eligibility: Graduation or equivalent.
More than 800 Computers

Information Technology
BS: Bachelor of Science in Information Technology 2 years programme.
Eligibility: Intermediate or equivalent.
9 Libraries with 60,000 books

EMS: Executive Master of Science in Information Technology
1 year Programme
Eligibility: Graduation with 2 years experience.
Over 5000 students enrolled in more than 20 programmes
.
DIPLOMA in Textile Technology offering: Knitting, Weaving, Leather Technology,
Textile Spinning
1 year programme.
Eligibity: Matriculate or equivalent.

Scholarships awarded to over 2000 students

LAST DATE FOR ADMISSION! 20th February 2009

For further information please contact admission officers:
Lahore Campus: 101 Main Road, X- Block, Garden Town, Lahore.
Islamabad Campus: 1-10/2, House 1-A, Street 10/A, Islamabad.
Karachi Campus: Al-Tayyebah, 1-A, Defence, Karachi.
Peshawar Campus: 81, University Town, Jamshed Road, Peshawar
.
EXERCISES
.

Q:1 Answer these questions.

.
i) What is the name of the University?
Ans: The name of the University is "XYZ" University.

.
ii) What kinds of programmes are offered?
Ans: Courses relating information Technology, E-Commerce and Textile Technology are offered here.

.
iii) What does MS stand for?
Ans: MS stands for "Master of Science".

.
iv) How long does the MS Programme last?
Ans: It lasts for 16 months.

.
v) What does eligibility mean?
Ans: Eligibility means legal qualification, fitness to be chosen.

.
vi) Who is eligible for EMS programme?
Ans: A graduate having 2 years experience is eligible for admission.

.
vii) What does Textile technology offer?
Ans: Textile Technology offers knitting, weaving, leather technology and textile spinning.
.
viii) Who can get admission to do Diploma in Textile Technology?
(a) A person with Matriculation of equivalent Technology?
Ans: A person with Matriculation or equivalent certificate.
(b) A person who has an Intermediate Certificate or anybody with no previous education.
Ans: A person who has an Intermediate Certificate or anybody with no previous education.
.

ix) How many scholarships are awarded?
Ans: Over two thousand scholarships are awarded to students.
.

x) How many students are enrolled in 20 programmes?
Ans: Over 5000 students are enrolled in more than 20 programmes.
.

xi) How many computers does this University have?
Ans: The university has more than 800 computers.
.

xii) How many staff members does this University have?
Ans: The University has more than 500 staff members.
.

xiii) What facility does this University provide to the female students?
Ans: The university provides pick and drop facility to female students.
.

xiv) In how many cities in Pakistan is this University offering study programmes?
Ans: The University is offering study programmes in four cities of Pakistan.
.
xv) Does it give any contact number?
Ans: No, it does not give any contact number.
.

xvi) To get more information whom would you contact?
Ans: We would contact admission officers to get more information.
.

Q:2 Answer the following questions by using your own knowledge:

.
i) Do you have a library in your school or near your home?
Ans: Yes, I have a library near my school.
.

ii) Do you read the Encyclopedia?
Ans: Yes, I read it to get information.
.

iii) Do you know what Encyclopedia means and what information des it provide to you?
Ans: It is a reference work that offers comprehensive information on all specialized areas of knowledge.

.
iv) Do you have computers in your library?
Ans: Yes, I have five computers in my library.

v) Have you ever used the computer for finding information?
Ans: I have used it many a time for finding information.

...................

LESSON 17 P1 --- Truth – the Best (Poem)

2009-03-09T11:47:00.003-07:00

Dear Students: This site is developed for your help and guidance. We will appreciate your comments & feed back. Soon we will add other subjects to this site. Thanks

Truth _ The Best
Yesterday Rebecca Mason,
In the parlour by herself,
Broke a handsome China basin,
Placed upon the mantelshelf,
Quite alarmed, she thought of going
Very quiet away,
Not a single person knowing
Of her being there that day,
But Rebecca recollected,
She was taught deceit to shun;
And the moment she reflected,
Told her mother what was done;
Who commended her behaviour,
Loved her better, and forgave her
(Elizabeth Turner)
.

Note:
Sometimes we get into a difficult situation and thinking of no way out, we seek safety in lying. But simple truth always proves the best defence. Rebecca was forgiven by her mother for breaking the China basin because she had not lied to her mother but had confessed her mistakes or fault.
.
EXERCISES
.

Q:1 Answer these questions.

.
i) Write the main idea of the first two stanzas in your own words.
Ans: Sometimes we fall into difficult situation where we have no way out and we seek safety in lying only..

.
ii) What makes Rebecca change her mind as contained in the last two stanzas of the poem?
Ans: She planned to slip away from the spot and not accept its responsibility. At he sometimes she remembered that she was taught not to deceive her parents. She at once changed her mind and told her mother what was done.

.
iii) What lesson do you learn from this poem?
Ans: This poem teaches us a lesson that in a position how critical may be, we should not seek support by telling a lie. But simple truth always proves the best defence.
.

Q:2 In stanza 1 the words 'Mason' and 'basin' are rhymed. Write the other rhyming words in the poem.
Ans: Away – day, recollected – reflected, shun –done, going – knowing, herself - mantelshelf
.

Q:3 Who is addressed in the following lines?
"Who commended her behavior
Loved her better, and forgave her."
Ans: Here Rebecca Mason's mother is addressed. She forgave Rebecca for speaking the truth. She also praised her.

.
Q:4 Tell five natural qualities of the addressee.
Ans: She is truthful, honest, simple, trustworthy and wise.

................

LESSON 18 P1 --- What Happens to the Rain

2009-03-09T11:46:00.001-07:00

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What Happens to Rain
Rain, hail and snow are the means by which water is returned to the earth. If this did not happen then survival of life would not be possible. What becomes of the rain when it has fallen? Some of it falls into the sea and becomes a part of it again. In this way it helps to replace the water that is always taken up into the air as water vapour.
Rain which falls on the soil of flat areas sinks into it. It fills the small spaces between the grains of soil t a depth of several metres. This is the water that plants use. The roots and the tiny hair on them take up this water and pass it to the stem of the plant. It move upwards to the leaves where it is used by the plant in its food making process. The water in the stem and leaves helps to make them stiff too. The underground water makes an enormous water store that never completely dries up. What that is used by plants, or taken up into the air as water vapour (both from the surface of the soil and from the leaves of plants) is replaced by more rain.
Rain falls on hills and mountains as well as on flat ground. When this happen, the water begins to run down the hills in little rivulets. These rivulets join up and make a small, fast running stream. Others join it on its way down until a river is formed. At places, where the ground slopes steeply, the river flows very quickly and tears a deep channel for itself. Later, as the ground becomes less steep, the river makes its channel wider but not so deep. It runs a little more slowly, too. When it reaches low ground, it runs much more slowly and its channel becomes full of twists and turns. In the end, the river reaches the sea and falls into it.
.
Sometimes rivers run over the rocks made of limestone. These rivers may plunge down deep holes in the rocks and flow under the ground instead of on the surface. As it flows towards the sea, the water very slowly dissolves the limestone and makes tunnels and caves under the surface.
.
EXERCISES
.

Q:1 Answer these questions.

.
i) Describe the cycle by which rain is returned to the earth.
Ans: Water of the earth changes into water vapours. These water vapours go into air and changes into raindrops. This water comes back to the earth in form of rain.

.
ii) What becomes of the rain when I t has fallen down on the earth?
Ans: When it rains the rain water sinks
.

iii) How do tiny roots derive water from the soil?
Ans: The roots and the tiny hair on them take up water from earth and pass it to the stem of the plant.
.

iv) How is river formed?
Ans: When rain falls on high places like hills and mountains, the water of these high places flows down forming streams. These streams join up and a river is formed.
.

v) How are tunnels and caves formed under the surface of the soil?
Ans: When the rivers flow over rocks made of limestone, they make their way down these limestones. These rivers flow towards the sea and make tunnels and caves under the surface.
.

vi) How important is rain to animal and plant life? Write an essay in 100 words.
Ans: Rain plays a very important role in recycling of water. Every living thing needs water for its survival and growth. There is a very large area of land irrigated by rain. Rain water also compensates the loss of water in form of water vapours. If it does not rain for a long time, the sources of waster will dry and, as a result of it there will survive no plant and animal on earth. Therefore, rain is very important to animal and plant life.
.
Q:2 Make sentences using these phrases.

.
Becomes of, not possible, being taken up, take up, pass it on, more upwards, run ever.
.
Becomes of
Lets see what does become of him?

.
Not possible
It is not possible to grow plants without light and water.

.
Being taken up
The water is being taken up into the air as water vapours.

.
Take up
She was too taken up with her studies to notice what was going on.

.
Pass it on
Pass on this letter to your father.

.
More upwards
The water of stem moves upwards to the leaves where it is used by the plant in its food making process.

Run ever
The car ran over the child.
.
Q:3 Write 'T' for the t rue statement and 'F' for the false statement.
.

i) Rain does not fall into the sea. ......... F
.
ii) Rain water fills the small spaces between the grains of soil. ......... T
.
iii) The roots do not take up the water and pass it to the stem of the plant. ........... F
.
iv) The underground water makes an enormous water store. .......... T
.
v) Rivers may plunge down the deep hidden in the rock. .......... T
.
Q:4 Fill in the blanks.

.
i) Rain water falls on the plains.

.
ii) Water is used by the plant in its food making process.

.
iii) Rain water runs down the hill in little rivulets.

.
iv) Its channel becomes full of twists and turns.

.
v) The river may plunge down deep holes in the rock.

................

LESSON 19 P1 --- Knowledge is Light

2009-03-09T11:45:00.003-07:00

Dear Students: This site is developed for your help and guidance. We will appreciate your comments & feed back. Soon we will add other subjects to this site. Thanks

Knowledge is Light
"God gives dignity and makes high in rank those of you who believe, and those who are given knowledge." (The Holy Quran)
"Seek knowledge though you may have to travel to China." (Hazrat Muhammad (SAWW).
Man is the central figure of the universe. When he is equipped with knowledge he proves to be a wonder. Knowledge strengthens our belief. Knowledge of all kind that is beneficial to humanity should be acquired with zeal. It has been beautifully summed up in the Holy Quran, "In the creation of the heaven and the earth, in the alternations of day and night, in the ships that sail and benefit the men, in the clouds, in the rain – there are signs for those who think, understand and believe".
Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) laid great stress on seeking knowledge. He raised the degree of learning seventy times higher than prayer. He declared that the faith of a person who pays respect to another for his wealth and not for knowledge is defective. Wealth has to be protected whereas knowledge protects man. There is no end to the supply of knowledge stored in a mind.
God created the universe to serve as a manifestation of His light. He brought into existence man and gave him the will to choose between good and evil.
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Allah has given man the freedom to choose the path he desires. He has put forth before man, options of good and evil. It is for man to choose the right path. It leads us to Allah. In our prayers, five times a day, we the Muslims, pray to Allah to show us the right path. The path of those on whom He has showed His blessings and not of those who aroused His wrath.
Nothing in this universe has been created without any purpose. Everything has a purpose and meaning in it for man to understand and admire Allah.
For about a thousand years, the Muslims were the torchbearers of knowledge. This was a glorious achievement. The Muslims preserved the entire ancient heritage and then passed it on to modern Europe together with their own great contributions. Islam was a dominant force in Spain for about eight hundred years. The modern European civilization which dominates the world today owes a great deal to Islam.
Great universities grew up in the Muslim world particularly in Iraq, Syria, Egypt and Spain.
The light of these universities shone far beyond the Muslim world. It drew students and scholars of all religions from East and West who came to learn the great disciplines taught in these universities.
The Muslim scholars and writers made great contributions in the subjects of History, Geography, Mathematics, Algebra, Astronomy and Chemistry as well as Literature and the Arts.
In his book "History of the World", H.G. Wells is of the opinion that it was through the Muslims that the modern world was introduced to the two disciplines, called Humanities and Sciences which unraveled the marvelous wonders of this universe.
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EXERCISES
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Q:1 Answer the following questions.

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i) What is the status of wealth and material goods as compared to knowledge in Islam?
Ans: In Islam the status of wealth and material goods as compare with knowledge is very low.

The Holy Prophet (PBUH) declared that the faith of a person who pas respect to another for his wealth and not for know ledged is defective.
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ii) How has Islam helped the Western countries in developing the sciences?
Ans: Islam preserved the Greek heritage and passed it on to the western countries with its contributions.
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iii) In what fields have the Muslim scholars made great contributions?
Ans: Muslim scholars have made great contributions to Geography, Mathematics, Algebra, Astronomy, History, Chemistry, Literature and Arts.
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Q:2 Use the correct word in each of these sentences:

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i) No body (seem, seems) to know about it.
ii) The colour of her eyes (is, are) blue.
iii) What (do, does) they mean?
iv) There (is, are) many people living here.
v) What is (such, this)?
vi) Who is (those, there)?
vii) Pakistan's (mane, main) cities are Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar, Quetta and many more.
viii) What is the (official, original) language of Pakistan?
ix) Tell your (sun, son) to behave well.
i) The boy told a sad (tale, tail)

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LESSON 20 P1 --- Doctor’s Advice

2009-03-09T11:44:00.002-07:00

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Doctor's Advice

There were lots of shops of eatables and toys at the city fair. Hina was tempted to eat 'fruit chaat' but her brother stopped her from eating and said, "Look! There is a lot of dust around. It is unclean. Don't eat it." Then they went up to the stall where people were having 'gol gappas'. Hina felt hungry and wanted to have them. She persuaded her brother to order two plates of 'gol gappas'. Her brother did not agree and said, "All the eatables here are not covered. There are flies sitting upon them." But Hina didn’t listen to her brother. She asked for a plate of 'gol gappa' with sour syrup of vinegar and tamarind. She ate them and said, "These are very spicy and tasty." She asked her brother to taste them but he refused. The stalls of sweet meat were a colourful show of temptation, urging the visitors to relish them. After visiting the fair they came back home. They were tired so they went to bed soon.
The next morning Hina could not get up for school. Her mother noticed that she was running high temperature and had a sore throat. Her mother called the doctor. When the doctor came to examine Hina he told her to take necessary precautions. "The precautions were very simple and practical". The doctor gave her some hints on personal hygiene.

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1. We must wash or hands and face with good soap.
2. We must take bath every day.
3. After means we must brush our teeth carefully.
4. Our clothes or uniform should be neat and clean.
5. We must keep handkerchief with us to cover or mouth at the time of coughing and sneezing.
6. We must brush our teeth before going to bed at night.
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Uncovered things are exposed to flies, smoke and dust. This type of food carries bacteria and germs of various diseases. Therefore the kitchen must be kept neat and clean. There should be net windows and net doors, so that the flies may not enter the kitchen. The food items should be stored in safe and clean pots.
The garbage should be kept away and disposed of daily. If possible, filtered or boiled water should be used. Islam being the most scientific and natural religion also preaches cleanliness and maintenance of a healthy body. Our Holy Prophet (PBUH) also said, "Cleanliness is half the faith". So it is our religious obligation to keep the environment hygienic to save ourselves from all sorts of diseases and contamination.
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EXERCISES
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Q:1 Answer the following questions.

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i) Where had Hina and her brother gone?
Ans: They were at the city fair.

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ii) Why could Hina not get up in the morning for school?
Ans: She could not get up in the morning for school because she was running high temperature and sore throat.

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iii) How should we start our daily routine in the morning?
Ans: We must wash our hands and face with good soap.

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iv) Why should we clean our teeth after meals instead of before meals?
Ans: We should clean our teeth after meals because food particles stick to teeth and penetrate into holes of teeth. If we brush our teeth after meals, these food particles will be removed and the mouth or throat will not be infected.

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v) Why should we not eat uncovered things?
Ans: Uncovered things are full of dust and germs of various diseases. Therefore, we should not eat such things.

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vi) How are the germs carried to the food?
Ans: Uncovered things are exposed to flies, smoke and dust. This type of food carries bacteria and germs of various diseases.
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Q:2 Read the lesson and fill in the blanks.

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i) Most of the diseases spread due to poor hygienic and sanitation conditions.
ii) We mush wash our hands and face with good soap.
iii) Uncovered things are exposed to flies, smoke and dust.
iv) Cleanliness is an important things of our faith.
v) Cleanliness is half the faith.

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Q:3 The words spoken by somebody are direct speech.
Example:
i) I said to him, "How are you?".
ii) He said to me, "I am fine".
When changed into indirect or reported speech, these will become:
i) I asked him how he was.
ii) He told me that he was fine.
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Now change the following sentences into indirect/reported speech.

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i) She said to her guests, "She is a doctor."
Ans: She told her guests that she was a doctor.
ii) Hina said to Nida, "I am sorry , I cannot come to your house."
Ans: Hina told Nida that she was sorry, she could not go to her house..
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Q:4 Write a paragraph of 100 words on "How Hina fell ill."
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Ans: Hina wanted to eat fruit chaat at the city fair but her brother stopped her from eating it because it was not clean. After it Hina went to the stall of gol gappas. These things were also not covered. There were flies sitting upon them. Hina felt hungry. So she could not stop her eating gol gappas. She also drank sour syrup of vinegar and tamarind. All these things affected her badly. She became ill with fever and sore throat She became ill because all of these things were unclean and bore germs of diseases.

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Q:5 People who live in Pakistan are called Pakistanis. Name the people of these countries.

Countries ................................. People
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Germany ...................................... German
Italy ............................................. Italian
England ........................................ English
Britain .......................................... British
America ........................................ American
India ............................................ Indian
Africa ........................................... African
China ............................................ Chinese
France ........................................... French
Japan ............................................ Japanese
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Q:6 It is a warm day today, Warm is an adjective which describe the day. Now read these words to note how nouns are formed from adjectives.
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Adjectives ............................................... Nouns
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Warm ......................................................... Warmth
Hot .............................................................. Heat
Just ............................................................. Justice
Noble .......................................................... Nobility
Jealous ....................................................... Jealousy
Lovely ......................................................... Love
Beautiful ..................................................... Beauty
Pure ............................................................ Purity
National ...................................................... Nation
Kind ............................................................. Kindness
Wise ............................................................. Wisdom
Sympathetic ............................................... Sympathy

Q:7 From adjectives from these nouns.
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Nouns ........................................................ Adjectives
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Truth ........................................................... True
Excellence ................................................... Excellent
Kindness ...................................................... Kind
Height .......................................................... High
Health .......................................................... Healthy
Sickness ....................................................... Sick
Brightness ................................................... Bright
Length ......................................................... Long
Sincerity ...................................................... Sincere
Cleanliness .................................................. Clean
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Q:8 Use the below adjectives in sentences of your own.
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True
He is a true patriot.

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Excellent
His excellent performance impressed us.

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Kind
We like him for his kind behaviou.

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High
High mountains of Murree are worth seeing.

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Healthy
Every one likes to live in a healthy atmosphere.

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Sick
The company gives employees five sick days a year.

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Bright
Work hard for your bright future.

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Long
I pray for your long life.

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Sincere
His sincere manners impress everyone.

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Clean
Wear clean and simple clothes.

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LESSON 21 P1 --- Daffodils (poem)

2009-03-09T11:43:00.003-07:00

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Daffodils
I wandered lonely as a cloud,
That floats on high O'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze,
Continuous as the stars that shine,
And twinkle on the Milky Way,
They stretched in never ending line,
Along the margin of a bay,
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance,
The waves beside them danced; but they outdid
The sparkling waves in glee,
A poet could not but he gay,
In such a jocund company,
I gazed and gazed but little thought,
What wealth the show to me had brought,
For oft when on my couch I lie,
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye,
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
(William Wordsworth)

Notes:
William Wordsworth was a poet of nature. Most of his poems describe his personal experience with nature. In this poem the poet describes a pleasant experience of his life. During a walk alone in the countryside, he came across a long un-ending line of blooming daffodils along the side of a lake. The flowers were dancing in the cool breeze. The waves in the lake also seemed to be dancing happily with the daffodils, but the beauty of daffodils was more charming than the shimmering waves in the lake. The poet was delighted to see this beautiful sight.
He says that the beauty of this scene has been preserved in his memory. The memory of this scene provides him with a pleasant pleasure whenever he remembers it and drives away loneliness from him. His heart is filled with pleasure, and he feels that he is in the company of happy and joyful daffodils.
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EXERCISES
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Q:1 Choose the correct answer.

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i) Who wandered lonely as a cloud? (I, you, the poet)

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ii) The poet saw a crown of: (people, children, daffodils)

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iii) Where were the daffodils fluttering and dancing? (beside the lake, beneath the trees, on the mountain, down the hill)

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iv) Stars ____ in the sky. (dance, flutter, shine)

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v) Solitude means: (without company, with many people around, with family)

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vi) Daffodils are: (vegetables, fruit, flowers)

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vii) Wave means: (to move up and down or to and fro, to go round and round, to go in a straight line)

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viii) The poet's heart was filled with ___ at the sight o f the daffodils. (pleasure, displeasure, leisure)

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Q:2 Describe a beautiful scene of nature from your personal experience.

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Ans: Nature is full of beautiful sights. One of these sights is the rising sun. In the early morning the eastern heavens shed their darkness and begin to put on different colours one after the other, from grey to red, then orange and finally white. It is a sight worth enjoying. The sun rises in the east but when we look westwards the whole land is bright.
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Q:3 Prepare a list of all the rhyming words in the poem (Examples: cloud, crowd, trees, breeze)
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Ans: (Cloud, crowd) (Hills, daffodils) ("Trees, breeze) (Shine, line) (Way, bay) (Glance, dance) (Thought, brought) (Lie, eye) (Mood, solitude) (Fills, daffodils)

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Q:4 Make a list of all the adjectives used in the poem.

Ans: the following adjectives has been used in this poem.
Golden, Sprightly, Jocund, Vacant, Pensive, Milky, Sparkling, Inward, Lonely, High, Continuous, Never ending, Little.

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Q:5 Write 'T' for true statement and 'F' for false statement.

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i) The poet wandered lonely as a star. .................... F
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ii) The cloud floats over the hills. ............................... T
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iii) Daffodils were fluttering in the play ground. ...... F
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iv) The milky way is a way made of milk. ................ F
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v) He saw ten thousand flowers in a day. ................. F
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vi) The poet feels happy on seeing the beauty of the scene. ............... T
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Q:6 Use the following words in sentences of your own.
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Wonder
The poet was wandering alone on the bank of a river.

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Float
The sound of laughter floated across the water.

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Beneath
Beneath his veneer of politeness lay hostility.

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Stretch
The sleeves of this sweater have stretched.

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Sparkling
The sparkling light of stars adds to the beauty of sky.

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LESSON 22 P1 --- Road Safety

2009-03-09T11:42:00.002-07:00

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It is a sad fact of the modern life that in our big cities, thousands of men, women and children die every year in road accidents. And the number of those who are injured is great. Some, after medical treatment, recover but many are crippled for life.

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It is really very tragic. Most of the road side accidents occur either because of the ignorance of traffic rules of inability to read and follow the road signs, or out of sheet carelessness of the road users. Traffic rules apply to every body who is on the road either as a motor driver or as a pedestrian.
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Road safety helps all of us. It does not matter whether we walk or ride a bicycle, driver a scooter or a car. Our actions and those of others on the road are responsible for our health and our life
The traffic on the roads has increased much because of over population. Previously our cities were not so overcrowded as they are now. There will be less roadside accidents if there are less people on the road, whether they are on bus, car, motorcycle or tonga.
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The traffic accidents are the fault of those people who do not notice what is going on around them and who do not care for their fellow human beings. If people drive more slowly, look around them and take notice of the effects of their actions on others, accidents can be avoided, lives can be saved and injuries can be avoided. In other words if people, as a whole, had more traffic sense, all of us would be much safer on the road.
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Accidents are mostly caused by people. Someone may walk on the road without looking around and be hit by a motor cycle. A cyclist may try and turn right from the left hand traffic lane and be knocked over by a minibus. Children may be playing in a busy street and not be aware of a fast approaching car. As soon as you leave your home you are at a risk. You can make the risk less if you follow some simple rules:
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i) Always be careful about what is going around you.
ii) Do not walk on the road if there is a footp9ath.
iii) Take care while crossing the road. Look both ways and keep looking all the way across.
iv) Use the zebra crossing while crossing the road.
i) When cycling or driving, use the left hand lane except when you are overtaking.
Many big cities in Pakistan have electric traffic lights. If there is red light, driver must stop, and quietly wait and keep an eye o n the lights. When the light turns yellow, they must get ready without moving their vehicle, but when it changes to green they must move on. Anybody who fails to follow these traffic lights may cause a road side accident and kill himself and others who were correctly following the traffic signals.
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EXERCISES
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Q:1 Answer the following questions.

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i) What are the main causes of traffic accidents?
Ans: The main causes of accidents on the roads are (a) fast driving (b) carelessness (c) ignorance of traffic rules.
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i) How can we avoid accidents?
Ans: We can avoid accidents if we …..
(a) Look out what is going on around us.
(b) Do not walk on the road.
© Take care while crossing the road.
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ii) What is the importance of the traffic lights?
Ans: Traffic lights regulate the flow of traffic and save us from accidents.
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Q:2 A pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun such as I, you, she, someone etc. Use the following words in the given sentences. (some, somebody, someone)
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i) Somebody is watching us.
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ii) Somebody must tell the police.
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iii) Somebody took my bicycle away.
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iv) Some children do not like milk.
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v) Will Someone come to help me?