ALL ABOUT CAR

2019-10-19T06:20:00.002-07:00

Tantangan Pertanian Organik di Indonesia

Pertanian organik merupakan suatu sistem produksi budidaya berdasarkan daur ulang hara secara hayati. Daur ulang tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan limbah ternak dan tanaman serta lainnya yang mampu memperbaiki kesuburan dan struktur tanah.

Pertanian organik (organic farming) merupakan salah satu pertanian alternatif, dimana pertanian alternatif bertujuan untuk mengantisipasi dampak kegiatan pertanian terhadap lingkungan. Banyak negara maju yang sudah sangat memperhatikan masalah lingkungan, seperti residu kimia pestisida pada bahan pangan. Sedangkan di Indonesia, kondisinya sangat berbeda, karena pandangan kita masih dominan pada peningkatan swasembada pangan.

Sampai sekarang, banyak pemahaman yang keliru mengenai pertanian organik, seperti kembali ke pertanian tradisional, biayanya mahal, produksi rendah, dan membutuhkan banyak tenaga kerja.

Sementara, kendala atau tantangan sistem organic farming dibagi menjadi 2, yaitu kendala internal dan kendala eksternal. Kendala internal meliputi :

Belum ada cara pendaur-ulang hara yang sesuai dengan sistem pertanaman yang berkembang saat ini.
Pupuk hayati masih dalam tahap pengembangan. Pupuk hayati yang beredar di masyarakat masih sangat sedikit dan sebagian besar lainnya masih dalam tahap penelitian. Keberhasilan yang tampak juga masih sangat terbatas.

Selain itu, kendala-kendala eksternal meliputi hal-hal berikut ini:

Pengetahuan tentang fisiologi dan ekologi biologi tanah masih sangat terbatas, sehingga bioteknologi tanah tidak dapat berkembang, padahal bioteknologi tanah dibutuhkan dalam pengembangan pupuk hayati.
Kebijakan pembangunan pertanian masih menitikberatkan pada produksi pertanian secara nasional, belum mengarah ke efektivitas, efisiensi, konservasi, dan lingkungan.
Kebijakan IPTEKdi Indonesia memberikan prioritas rendah terhadap ilmu pengetahuan dasar, termasuk rekayasa biologi.
Banyak pabrik pupuk yang merupakan hasil dari industrialisasi sehingga pengembangan pertanian organik menimbulkan pertentangan program sektoral antara pertanian dan perindustrian.

Dengan melihat kondisi pertanian yang ada di Indonesia saat ini, usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kebutuhan pangan adalah dengan memperbaiki kualitas tanah.

Usaha Memperkenalkan Pertanian Organik

Maka, tahap awal pengenalan organic farming membutuhkan strategi yang memadukan komponen pertanian organik ke dalam teknologi konvensional, yang dapat dilaksanakan seperti penjelasan berikut ini:

Pertanian konvensional tetap dilaksanakan, terlebih di daerah dengan sarana dan prasarana yang mendukung. Sementara itu, organic farming diterapkan di wilayah yang kurang tersentuh teknologi konvensional.
Evaluasi dampak pertanian konvensional dan dicari solusinya.
Prinsip organic farming perlu dimasukkan ke dalam paket teknologi pertanian.
Periode transisi menggunakan metode PHT (pengendalian hama terpada) dan PNT (pengelolaan nutrisi terpadu).
Identifikasi peluang pemasaran produk organic farming. Selain itu, perlu dijalin interaksi dan jaringan kerja yang saling menguntungkan antara produsen dan konsumen untuk menjamin pemasaran produk.
Dalam pelaksanaannya, produksi budidaya organik perlu dikembangkan dengan memperhatikan keadaan agroekosistem dan teknologi spesifik lokasi.
Perlunya peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai pertanian organik melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan.
Dibutuhkan peninjauan kembali mengenai kebijakan penggunaan masukan bahan kimia pertanian terhadap lingkungan.
Melakukan pendekatan pengelolaan DAS di lahan kering miring termasuk pengembangan peternakan perlu dipertimbangkan.
Perlu adanya ketetapan mekanisme sertifikasi, akreditasi, dan labelisasi produk yang dibudidayakan secara organik.

BUICK SERIES 40 SPECIAL NEWS

2011-11-17T22:14:00.000-08:00

This was the first year - 1936 - that Buick offered the sport coupe body style on the Special chassis. Only 2,003 were built and 17 of those were exported.

This was the year that saw Buick's turnaround begin. There was so much new for 1936 - dramatic new styling, hydraulic brakes, slanted v-type windshield, bullet-type headlamps, turret top bodies, independent front suspension, new alloy pistons and improved water temperature control

This Buick Special is powered by one of Buick's famous straight eight motors - the 233 cubic-inch version that developed 93 horsepower thanks to a two-barrel Stromberg carburetor. It was capable of 85 mph.
Buick introduced the Series 40 in 1930 as a replacement for the Series 116. The Series 40 rode on a 118-inch wheelbase and powered by a 258 cubic-inch six-cylinder engine which produced 80 horsepower. Braking was through mechanical drums found on all four corners. The suspension was comprised of semi-elliptic springs and Lovejoy hydraulic shock absorbers.
During its first year, there were six bodystyles to select from, including a Sedan, Sport Roadster, Business Coupe and Special Coupe in two-door configuration. A Phaeton and Sedan version were offered with four doors, with the four-door sedan with seating for five being the most popular bodystyle on the Series 40. Pricing was rather competitive, starting at $1260 and continuing through $1300. The Phaeton had seating for four or five, and had the lowest sales in the Series 40, total just under 1000 examples.

The name 'Series 40' remained dormant for a few years, making its re-appearance in 1934. They were again Buicks entry-level vehicle, though much had changed in these few short years. The Series 40 lightweight vehicles powered by an eight-cylinder engine that measured 233 cubic-inches and produced nearly 100 horsepower.

The name 'Series 40' would stick with Buick until 1959, when a new series naming scheme was introduced. During this time, the Series 40 would be powered by eight-cylinder engines which grew in size in power throughout the years.

For 1934, the Series 40 rested on a 117-inch wheelbase and had an entry price of a mere $795. The top-of-the-line Series 40 would set the buyer back $925. The four-door Club sedan continued to be the most popular of the Series 40, selling nearly 11,000 examples in 1934. Five body styles were available, including a two-door Touring Sedan, Sport Coupe, and Convertible Coupe.

For 1935, little changed. A few extra colors were added and the trim was revised slightly. Mechanical problems from the 1934 Series 40 were resolved, such as clutch and timing chain issues. A new bodystyle was added, the Convertible Coupe.

Changes occurred both visually and mechanical for 1936. The car now rested on an enlarged, 118-inch wheelbase. Over 77,000 examples of the four-door sedan were sold, which was a drastic improvement over the prior years sales figures. Much of the vehicles aesthetics received attention. The windshields and roof lines became more rounded. The spare tire was mounted discretely in the trunk for some body styles, and mounted on the left-hand side of the vehicle for others.

Sales continued to be strong throughout the 1930s for the Series 40. The car grew even larger in 1937, now sitting on a 122-inch wheelbase. The engine now measured 248 cubic-inches and produced 100 horsepower. Production continued until the onset of World War II, when the American automobile producers switched to aid in the production of war-time materials.

When production resumed in 1946, the Series 40 was the only model in Buick's lineup to utilize the prewar Fisher B-body styles of the postwar era. There were two body styles available, both resting on a 121 inch wheelbase and had seating for six. The four-door version cost $1,580 while the two-door version was priced at $1520. These were Buick entry-level vehicles, just as they had been in prior to World War II. Sales were slow, with around 3000 examples produced from the combined sales of the two- and four-door version. The 248 cubic-inch engine was rated at around 110 horsepower.

Major changes did not occur on the Series 40 until 1950, when the cars were given changes to their styling. The styling was modern and memorable, with the grille being one of the more distinguishable features on the car. Three vent-ports were now located on the side of the engine bay. The public approved of these changes, and sales were strong, reaching over 200,000 for the Series 40 and Series 40D. The Series 40D was a Special Deluxe model that had the same styling and size as the Series 40, but added improvements to the interior, addition trim and molding, and 'Special' on the front fenders.

In 1954 the Series 40 was given a new body that was lower and wider than it previously had. The front had a new grille design which many termed as the 'electric shaver' design. The front and rear windows were curved and there was enough glass throughout the drivers and passengers view to provide a nearly 360-degree view. Mounted under the hood was a new 264 cubic-inch V8 engine which produced over 140 horsepower. The vehicles outfitted with the Dynaflow gearbox had even more power. A new steering linkage and suspension gave the vehicle a smooth ride, complimenting the cars appearance.

By 1956, the Series 40 was given visual changes to its grille, ornamentation, and headlights. New bumpers were added to the front and rear of the vehicle. On the inside, the instrumentation was the same as other Buick models, a trend that had not been seen on Buicks since the pre-War era. Improvements to the engine meant an increase in horsepower, now rated at over 220 for the Dynaflow version. Sales were strong with the 2-door Riviera Hardtop being the most popular, with over 113,000 units sold in 1956. The price ranged from $2410 through $2775. The most expensive Series 40 was the six-person Estate Wagon which saw over 13,700 units being purchased.

There were many changes in 1957 to the Series 40, including a new grill insert, the 'B U I C K' name on the front of the car, chrome wings in the rear, along with a slew of other changes. In the back was a single exhaust pipe, with dual exhausts being offered for an additional cost. The three portholes on the side signified 'Super' while other models received four. Horsepower for the Dynaflow version had now reached 250 with 380 foot-pounds of torque. Sales continued to be strong, though they dipped a little from the prior year.

For 1958 the Buick Series 40 were given dual headlights in the front and an exorbitant amount of chrome. There was a circular ornament with a 'V', symbolizing V8, placed on the front and in the center of the hood. Dual horizontal moldings ran along each side of the vehicle, from front to back. Sales were strong, but they were still on the decline.

For 1959, Buick introduced their Series 4400 as a replacement for the Series 40. The Series 4400 was a very wide car with modern style indicative of the era.

Ford Ranger Max Concept Pickup Truck

2011-11-17T20:33:00.000-08:00

The star attraction at Ford's stand at the Thailand Motor Expo that runs from November 28 to December 10 is the Ranger Max pickup truck concept. A team of Ford truck specialists in Thailand worked closely with Ford's Australia-based Asia Pacific and Africa design team, led by Paul Gibson, to create the Ranger Max. According to Ford, many of the design cues seen on the concept could find their way into the next-generation production model of the Ranger.
Orange paintwork aside, the Range Max sports a new fascia with a huge three-bar chrome grille, a customized hard tonneau cover at the rear of the vehicle and what Ford calls a "Sportsbar" which attaches to the pickup bed and arches across the vehicle. A set of deep-dish, 18-inch alloy concept wheels and custom technical-look P285/60R18 tires with a chunky tread pattern finish the Ranger Max's extreme look.
"The tough style of Ranger Max is based on the capability and versatility that make Ford Ranger the choice of the most demanding truck owners," said Mr. Saroj Kiatfuengfoo, senior vice president, Ford Thailand. "Ranger Max's high-impact design and tough style appeal will excite truck enthusiasts in Thailand."

"We recognise that Thailand is the home of Ranger for Asia Pacific, and from Thailand we export Ranger around the world. We know Asia is a fusion of many cultures, and we look to Thailand as a wonderful blend of tastes, styles and emerging ideas. For this very reason, we decided to create Ranger Max in Thailand and show the high-impact truck to the world at Motor Expo," added Mr. Kiatfuengfoo.

Mazda Verisa

2011-11-17T20:11:00.000-08:00

I packed very little while moving my girlfriend to a new apartment, but one of the few items I insisted in stowing away was my camera and a telephoto lens.; Good thing I did, as I came across this battered little Mazda Verisa near Flat Rock, Michigan.
Never heard of the Verisa?; Fear not; unless you’re a JDM buff (the hatchback is sold only in Japan), there’s good chance it’s off your radar screen.
But here’s why it shouldn’t be.; First, it’s stylish.; Sure, the front fascia may look a bit like Nissan’s Versa, but the rest of the car is original Mazda design, drawing inspiration from the funky Secret Hideout concept from the 2001 Tokyo motor show.

Secondly, it’s efficient.; Riding on the same platform as the outgoing Mazda2 and Ford Fiesta, the car runs with a 1.5-liter DOHC I-4 and a four-speed automatic transaxle as standard equipment.; That’s good enough to yield a combined average fuel economy of 42.8 mpg.; And if front-wheel drive isn’t enough for you, try the e-4WD model, which sends power to the rear wheels via an electronic differential.; That still returns a respectable 40 mpg combined.

So, then, will it arrive at a Mazda dealer near you?; In this form, that’s unlikely, but a second-gen model, riding on the same platform as the 2010 Ford Fiesta that is coming here, could feasibly make the trip from Hiroshima.; I wouldn’t, however, be surprised if Mazda kept the next-gen Verisa a Japan-only car

KIA BRISA US

2011-11-16T22:52:00.000-08:00

Kia came to the US in the early 90s and now the demand for these exceptionally sturdy and economical cars has grown around the world. Written by our automotive experts, this blog will keep you posted on all of the latest developments in models, features, specs, and ratings. Please post your comments on our articles and let us know what you think, and be sure to share your favorite posts with friends and social media groups.
Auto shows are a time for carmakers to display their hottest new models, boast about big horsepower numbers, and showcase low-to-the-floor, stylish, swoopy concept cars that have no chance of making it to production.

The 2011 Los Angeles Auto Show will be no different, as it kicks off the U.S. auto show season. This year, the show hosts dozens of world and national debuts, and the vehicles unveiled will span everything from entry-level economy cars to high-end sports cars.
The Los Angeles Auto show has a reputation for being a “green” show, where manufacturers display their newest fuel-saving technologies and vehicles. This year is no different, with electric vehicles from Honda and BMW,
plus compact fuel-sippers from Chevrolet. But that doesn’t mean that manufacturers are leaving the flash at home. Expect debuts of high-end sports cars from Audi, Infiniti, and Subaru, sporty versions of Audi and Volkswagen models, and the most powerful Camaro convertible ever made to make their official debuts at Los Angeles.
We’ll be paying special attention to the mainstream cars though, the ones you’re most likely to park in your driveway. Honda will show off the final version of its 2012 Honda CR-V crossover, we’ll see the 2013 Ford Escape for the first time, and we’ll also get a first look at the 2012 Mazda CX-5 crossover.
So bookmark this page, and check back frequently on November 16 and 17 as we cover the show live, as it happens. For now, we’ve previewed many of the vehicles, some of which we’ve seen at foreign shows, others we’ve seen only in pictures, and still more that we just have to make our best guess. Soon enough, the guessing will be over.
For a taste of what it’s like to be on the show floor during press days at the 2011 Los Angeles Auto Show,

Kia Motors America

2011-11-16T22:32:00.000-08:00

Kia Motors America (KMA) today announced best-ever September sales of 35,609 units, a 18.4-percent increase over the same period last year and the company’s 13th straight monthly sales record. Kia’s design-led transformation has delivered unprecedented growth and market share gains, and with year-to-date sales up 37.1 percent, KMA bested its previous record annual sales total in less than nine months.
September sales were once again led by the U.S.-built Sorento CUV, and with production of the critically acclaimed 2012 Optima now underway at Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia (KMMG) the popular midsize sedan also was a strong performer with 6,191 units sold.

“Kia has become one of the fastest growing car companies in the U.S., and surpassing our previous annual sales record in less than nine months is the result of our dramatic brand transformation and our diverse lineup of stylish, well-appointed vehicles that offer modern technologies and outstanding fuel economy,” said Byung Mo Ahn, group president and CEO of KMA and KMMG.
“Our growth and momentum will continue with the arrival of the all-new 2012 Rio 5-door in the next few weeks, which will join the Optima Hybrid as Kia’s second vehicle to deliver up to 40 miles per gallon while also offering consumers class-leading horsepower and world-class design.
Kia Motors has undergone a dramatic, design-led transformation, which has been delivering dynamically styled vehicles in several important segments at exactly the right time, contributing to the brand’s continued gains in U.S. market share. Kia is poised to continue its momentum and brand growth through design innovation, quality, value, safety features and new technology.
Kia’s commitment to the U.S. market is represented by its U.S.-based manufacturing facilities in West Point, Georgia – KMMG – which is responsible for the creation of more than 10,000 plant and supplier jobs and recently added the critically acclaimed Optima midsize sedan to its production line. Kia’s model year 2012 vehicle line includes the Sorento CUV, Sportage compact CUV, Optima midsize sedan, Optima Hybrid, Soul urban passenger vehicle, Forte compact sedan, Forte 5-door compact hatchback, Forte Koup two-door coupe, all-new Rio and Rio 5-door sub-compacts and Sedona minivan.

KIA CADENZA

2011-11-16T22:22:00.000-08:00

Kia's flagship sedan has officially made its debut in Korea today where it is called the K7. To the rest of the world the car will be known as Cadenza. The Cadenza replace the 10 year old Amanti/Opirus which carries a design that actually went out of fashion many years ago.

According to chief designer Peter Schreyer,"The traditional three-box sedan shape was retained, but was morphed into a more flowing design with an aerodynamic Cd of just 0.29." He further added " The interior is dominated by the treatment of the futuristic 'floating' dashboard that highlights Kia's innovative design approach.".

The Cadenza is shorter then the Opirus but manages to offer more space to the occupants through the extended wheelbase (up by 45 mm to 2845 mm), additional exterior width and more compact rear suspension. The Cadenza which sits on Kia's new 'Type-N' platform sheds 130kg from the previous generation Opirus.

Energy saving LEDs are used extensively on the cadenza from the front head lamps to the rear combination lamp clusters while dual mufflers integrated into the bumper, enhance the new Cadenza's sporty appearance.

The press release by Kia also highlights the 'welcome' system turns on the exterior puddle and interior lights to 'greet' the car owner. I can imagine how Jeremy Clarkson will be annoyed by this feature.

The Kia Cadenza comes equiped with electronic amenities such as Dual-zone climate control air-conditioning is standard, and other high-tech 'comfort & convenience' features include keyless entry and an engine 'start' button, RPAS reversing sensors, a reversing safety camera with interior mirror display screen and a powered extension for the driver's seat cushion.

Here is the technical details :

Body & Chassis
Four-door, five-seater sedan, with all-steel unitary construction bodyshell. Powered by transversely-mounted V6 gasoline engine driving the front wheels.

Engine
3.5-litre / 290 ps : [ Middle East & General Markets ]
Type : 'Lambda II' Quad-OHC, six-cylinder in V, with dual CVVT
Max power : 290 ps (213 kW) @ 6600 rpm
Max torque : 338 Nm (34.5 kg.m) @ 5000 rpm

Transmission
Automatic : 6-sp with fully auto & sequential manual modes

Suspension & Damping
Front : Fully independent by MacPherson Struts.
Rear : Fully independent by Multi-Link rear axle.

Steering
Type : Hydraulic power-assisted rack and pinion
Gearing : 2.94 turns lock-to-lock with 11.08 metres turning circle

Brakes
Front / Rear : 300 x 28 mm ventilated discs / 284 x 10 mm solid discs

Wheels & Tires
Standard LX : Alloy 16 in x 6.5J 215/65 R16 tires
Standard EX* : Alloy 17 in x 7.0J 225/55 R17 tires
*Optional on LX

Mercedes-Benz

2011-11-15T19:24:00.000-08:00

Would you like Luxury Car with the Best Quality in the year 2011. Mercedes-Benz series The New Generation of SLK-Class is the answer.that's right, if you talk about luxury cars, our minds must not be separated from Brands on this one. Yup, that's right in 2011, is indeed the brand Mercedes-Benz still holds the title as one of the Best Luxury Car in Indonesia. One of the main attractions for the author is a type SLK or SLK-Class SLK-55-namely AMG Roadster.

Who does not know to ride this one, from the outward form of the eye we have will never escape from the view, here is the overall appearance of the Mercedes-Benz SLK-Class.
SLK-55-AMG Roadster
Sporty Shown with 2 doors, and roof can be opened automatically, make this one car makes The First in This Class. From the side of the machine, comes with 8 cylinder engine, or you could say this type offers the most powerful engine in its class, which allows him to generate tremendous power of 265 kW (360 hp) and torque on the phenomenal ratings of 510 Nm.
Transmission
The transmission technology used is one that could be considered the First Class Technology. This type offers two types of transmission is 6 speeds manual or a 5-speed automatic transmission for the SLK 200 Compressor type, SLK 280 and SLK 350. Transmission in the SLK 280 and SLK type 350 has something unique with 7 forward gears - Transmission 7G-TRONIC automatic (standard on type SLK 55 AMG). This transmission can optimize fuel consumption and acceleration.
Transmission AMG SLK-55-Roadster
Interior
In terms of interior comforts no doubt, all the vehicle information you can see easily on the dashboard.
Comfort of the passenger side was noticed by Best Car that this one, contour seats with leather wrapped Sporty make you comfortable ride quality.
Panel controls that are in front of us easier drive set up all kinds of needs, ranging from Music, CD player, GPS Systems; it can also be controlled from the steering wheel.
This car also comes with parking sensors on each side, making you not worry when parking in narrow places.

Chevrolet Volt

2011-11-11T06:00:00.000-08:00

The Volt is a technological tour de force, "said auto analyst Joe Phillippi to Auto Trends." GM should have successfully completed the development of 8-10 years in just three years. "Volt can travel 0-100 kph in 9 seconds. Motor provide instant electrical power to the front wheels, even though it was reaching speeds of 112 km / h (70 mph). While other electric vehicles are not capable, Volt still provides additional power and spur for faster again. And more importantly, when testing the Volt, which begins with the battery at the point of the minimum content and loaded with four passengers, five-door car is operating entirely within the extended-range mode, and reaching 18 km / liter (43 mpg). Volt fully capable of providing emissions-free transportation for a week and be able to use took the family from Detroit to Chicago during the weekend without worries to charge the battery. It all started with steel body assembly by a robot that uses the panel.

There are more than 900 robots and robot-orbit can perform 285 welds in 14 seconds. This assembly process if stretched in a straight line it would stretch 24 miles along and through the entire factory area with an area of 3.6 million square meters. The cars are assembled in this plant include the Cadillac DTS and Buick Lucerne sedans in a factory that employs 1048 people. It produces 35,764 cars last year. Requires more than 1,500 components, where most components are also made up of hundreds of small components to build a car the Volt.

Walter Began, a GM employee who has worked for GM for 15 years, opened the driver's door to facilitate the installation of the dashboard, charging port and the interior. The instrument panel is installed as a single piece containing gauges, center stack with stereo and HVAC controls, steering wheel and pedals. These components are paired to the car by using a ram calls the Volt as a "range-extended electric vehicles," this car type plug-in hybrid because it uses two energy sources. A 16-kilowatt/jam battery provides the energy for mileage from 25 to 50 miles.

In addition, a machine with a capacity of 1.4-liter gasoline engine runs a 53-kilowatt power is still running. A Volt charge port is installed in front of the driver's door by Andrew Farris, a GM employee who has worked for 12 years in designing Hasty charge port on the Volt, where he was a mechanical engineer and his duty to put the plug pack. Here, he checked the port Farris.

Plug is harder, which must be sufficiently strong to be clogged and the revocation process will be done with Motors assembles 16-kilowatt battery pack (lithium-ion) in Brownstown Battery Pack Assembly Plant using cells imported from Korea. GM spent five months and $ 43,000,000 as well as performed at the factory with an area of 160,000 square meters to build this package. The size of this package is over 5 feet and 33 inches wide.

It takes about three hours to build one-car .Mobil package for installation of the drive train, batteries and other components, all of which are mounted from below. All components follow the flow on the existing automated trains on two assembly process flow ensure the pin on the car battery is installed right. Two dozen of the bolts to keep everything in a safe position and everything were in place. That's Steve Johnson, who has been with GM for four thongs using a mechanical lift for lifting and placing components weighing 400-pounds into the Volt.

BMW Expo 'Show' lost interest 'with New Series

2011-11-09T23:54:00.000-08:00

For those of you automotive fans, especially BMW, visit to Plaza Senayan Jakarta. Because, in the elite mall in South Jakarta BMW Expo is being held. The exhibition runs from 7 to 16 October 2011. So it still left a few more days to see the latest models of BMW before the event closes. There are three new models on display, namely the BMW 320i Edition, BMW 6 Series Convertible and the BMW X1 sDrive18i Executive.

The car also featured cool toy is also displayed ... In the BMW Expo, BMW Financial Services, which is supported by the Bank OCBC NISP, introduced the program balloon financing with a down payment ranging from 7%, competitive interest, Low installment and balloon payment that guarantees residual resale value of cars purchased. Bikes ... The program also exhibited balloon financing is offered specifically for the BMW 320i Executive Edition BMW 320i and BMW X1 sDrive18i latest Executive for a tenor of 1 to 3 years. At the end of the tenor, the consumer has the option to pay the entire remaining balloon payment or use it for trade-in with a new car.

In addition to the BMW Expo, BMW Financial Services program is also offered at all authorized BMW showroom, which provides one-stop shopping solution for consumers. All BMW purchased at authorized BMW dealer will get a warranty for 2 years. As well, the BMW Service Inclusive provides free routine maintenance for 5 years or 60.000 km. BMW Service Inclusive can be transferred to subsequent owners. Collection TNOL visit on Tuesday (11/10), the BMW 6 Series Convertible has sold paper mounted on the windshield. However, although the writing is mounted is sold, some visitors still excited to see many advantages white car.

Back Camry Car So Favorites

2011-11-09T23:40:00.000-08:00

The car that one is spelled 'most Americans' and play. Toughness and become the main capital to predicate it
Toyota Camry / Camry/ Special Again Toyota car output was elected as a favorite car for the wearer. Camry is a car that was re-elected 'most American' (The Most American Car) for the third time in three years. From the list of the annual American-Made Index released cars.com site calculates the percentage of local components used in a car. In addition, the location where the car was produced also be an assessment. No less determines, how many cars were sold to American buyers.

According to cars.com, 80 percent of the components of the Toyota Camry from the existing vendors in the United States and most of the Toyota Camry assembled in the country. Currently the Camry for the American market are produced in Georgetown, Kentucky, and Lafayette, Indiana. Mentioned, it is the Toyota Camry even 'more American' than the American car brands such as General Motors, Ford and Chrysler. Of course this is very surprising.

Ford Explorer for example, less than the Toyota Camry. Despite its local component is higher, 85%, and manufactured in the United States, but the number of units sold less than the Camry. Well, here is a list of cars called 'most American': Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Chevrolet Malibu, Ford Explorer, Honda Odyssey, Toyota Sienna, Jeep Wrangler, Chevrolet Traverse,Acadia and Toyota Tundra.

Honda Civic

2011-11-09T23:16:00.001-08:00

Honda is nothing if not attentive to its customers. This, allied to bullet-proof build quality, metronomic reliability and ironclad residuals, explains why so many of them keep coming back for more. So it’s hardly surprising that it was to its customers that Honda turned first when hatching this new, ninth generation Civic.
Five areas were identified for attention: the ‘polarising’ design, the compromised rear visibility, interior quality, noise insulation and ride comfort. So, in the context of the range-topping 1.8 iVTEC EX-GT specimen I drove, let’s tackle them in that order…

So how does the new Honda Civic look in the metal?

I need to declare my hand at the outset and admit that, hatched in 2006, the current Civic is, to my eye, the most cohesive piece of automotive couture to come out of Japan since the NSX. Indeed, a measure of just how hard an act to follow it is being that it still turns heads today with all the vim it did on day one.
Honda makes much of ‘harmonious design’ in the blurb appended to this, ninth generation Civic, but I can’t help feeling this 20mm lower and 10mm wider specimen lacks the clean, uncluttered homogeny of its predecessor.
The simple, full width band of glister that hallmarked the bows of the earlier car has now flowed south like sloppy cake icing to reveal areas of less than wholesome plastic, and the new airdam may be aerodynamically sound, but is a tad too chunky in the execution to look properly rakish.
In profile, pronounced wheel arch over-sculpting a la Nissan Juke gratuitously clutters what were once smooth flanks, and proves to be all too colour-sensitive –the blended Kermit Frankfurt showcar looking much more enthusiastic about life than the sombre dark metallic green affair I drove.
Astern, Honda has dug its toes in and stuck with the ‘compromised rear visibility’ provided by that irritating mid-screen bar, merely reinforcing its presence on the new model by hoisting the rear lamp clusters aloft to join it. They have, however, finally acceded to customer wishes and added a wiper to the upper screen. The bottom lip of the lower screen is now lower, but the mid rail appears to loom even larger in the rear view mirror now, and performs the neat trick of perfectly masking the indicators of tailing cars.

And inside the new Civic?

I don’t, frankly, recall there being much amiss with the interior quality of the current car, and what we have here smacks more of makeover than genuine improvement. The split level dashboard is a case in point; the only prominent addition being an upper level multi-information display screen which will tell you most of what’s happening on the centre console screen immediately adjacent to it, but won’t, irritatingly, tell you the remaining fuel range.
There’s bags of room in the back, and the Civic continues its dominance of the C-segment spaciousness stakes. All is beautifully screwed together, and fit and finish does seem to have taken yet another modest hike upwards.
The driving position’s fine, and the new steering wheel in smoother leather is a joy to hold. However, seat bottomed out, I sit higher than I’d like. This, I suspect, is to ensure the rim of the wheel falls neatly between upper and lower dashboard instruments.

So, to the driving experience...

Noise and ride quality are two of the big issues that Honda has attempted to address in the new Civic. In the case of the former, the car is undoubtedly more quiet overall, yet remains vaguely plagued by rather more road noise from the front tyres than is seemly. A pity.
The ride, meanwhile, is entirely schizophrenic; one minute supple, the next unsubtle, it baffles with a consistently inconsistent approach to each new road surface…
In most cases, the secondary ride delivers, with the worst of the nuggety stuff ironed out, despite that persistence of tyre noise. Yet the primary ride is not so clever... The car often lacks body control on anything but very even surfaces, floating too much over crests and generally shrugging and squirming in the manner of a gorilla forced to wear evening dress for the first time.
Overall, attendant to a perception of mildly over-tough springing and slightly sloppy damping, the new Civic delivers mere glimpses of a ride refinement promise that remains gently elusive.
And this is a shame, because the rest of the mechanicals deliver sublime consistency. The 1.8 litre engine, still a little tight on the sub-1000 miler I drove, promises everything we know a Honda VTEC can deliver, whilst the gear change is pretty much mechanical perfection and an utter joy to use.
Developing 140bhp at an amusing 6500rpm, yet maximum torque of just 128lb ft, the 1.8 litre engine must be prodded vigorously at all times to extract the oopmh, in best, rorty VTEC tradition. Bizarrely for a model branded GT, however, this top of the range specimen is a full half second slower to 62mph than lesser spec’ed 1.8 variants; a peculiarity that Honda puts down to extra weight of standard equipment.

The steering, with a quicker rack than previously, is slightly over-light at all times for my tastes, yet a paragon of utterly slack-free, linear accuracy. It is also almost entirely lacking in feel and feedback, and I’m reminded of David Blunkett’s guide dog; it’ll get you where you want to go every time, but never actually communicate anything whatsoever about the journey itself.

Verdict

Much like its ride, the Civic’s handling leaves me in two minds. On the one hand, a glimpse at the speedometer invariably flags a good 15mph more than guesstimated, suggesting somewhat more effortless cross-country progress than initially assumed. On the other, many’s the time I craved extra power coming out of a bend, because attempts to carry too much speed through a corner reward with nothing save the onset of entirely predictable understeer. Roll on the Type-R…

Subaru BRZ Concept

2011-11-09T23:15:00.000-08:00

You can imagine how Subaru must have been feeling as partner Toyota hogged the headlines with its FT-86. But at long last, someone at Subaru has seen sense and decided to issue an official picture of the new BRZ coupe.
This is the Subaru BRZ Concept STi – a rather obviously production-ready glimpse of the new rear-wheel drive coupe, co-developed between Subaru parent Fuji Heavy Industries and Toyota.

Subaru BRZ Concept STi: the lowdown

This coupe will be shown at the 2011 Los Angeles auto show on 16 November 2011 and just one photo has been issued so far.
There's precious little in the way of technical information, either. They're just trotting out the usual line about it being powered by Subaru's horizontally opposed boxer engine, which we've known since day one.
Extra information we've already gleaned from our recent drive in the Toyota FT-86 include the fact that the boxer engine is likely to be a 2.0-litre four-cylinder boxer, delivering around 200bhp/170lb ft in regular guise. The direct-injection Toyota emits around 160g/km for trim tax bills.
But the STi monicker of this concept car is a clear indication that go-faster versions are planned. Witness the enormous rear wing.

Any other details on the Subaru BRZ?

That boxer engine will allow a very low centre of gravity, promises Subaru, so we are told to expect edgy handling. CAR's resident oversteer-fan, deputy editor Ben Barry, reported that the rear-wheel drive FT-86 test hack he drove was very sideways – but in quite a different way from rally-proven four-wheel drive Subarus of yore.

Skoda plots two new MPVs, two SUVs

2011-11-09T23:11:00.000-08:00

Skoda is gearing up for a period of unprecedented change, as it plans to double sales to 1.5 million by 2018. And CAR's uncovered plans to replace today's Roomster and Yeti with four new models.
The 4214mm-long Skoda Roomster and 4223mm Skoda Yeti are bafflingly close in size – just 9mm separates them on the tape measure. The Czechs plan to counter that with a range of new people carriers and sports utility vehicles planned for their successors.

The plan for the new Skoda Roomster

The Roomster will be replaced by two minivans, one near Touran-size and the other one Sharan XXL-size. We don't have any artist's impressions, but you can see from the Roomster Mk1's design sketches the sort of direction they could pursue.
Both will be enabled by Volkswagen group architectures, so expect Touran and Sharan mechanical packages underneath and no-nonsense functional styling outside.
The first compact Roomster spin-off is due in 2014, the larger MPV in 2016.

And what are they meddling with the Yeti for? I thought that'd been a success?

It has been a success, scooping several awards and nudging into CAR's top 10 cars of the year. But Skoda is in expansionist mood and sees space for two new SUVs for the next generation (after a 2012 facelift for today's Yeti).
So the same principle will be applied to the Yeti Mk2, which becomes two SUVs: one Tiguan-sized (2015) and one seven-seater Passat-size 4x4 (due 2016). Both will be available with Greenline thinking, so expect the majority of sales to be two-wheel drive.
Skoda is now in charge of designing and building low-cost powertrains for the entire VW group, so expect more clever engine tech from Mlada Boleslav.

TYPE OF CAR THAT GOOD

2011-11-08T06:32:00.000-08:00

The car is a vehicle used by humans as the most convenient transport

Ford

2011-11-08T06:14:00.000-08:00

Ford is updating its 2013 Flex model with a new nose design, updated power and improved technology.

The three-row, seven-passenger model features a restyled front fascia with a nose that is sleeker, sophisticated and more robotic. Apart from the addition of paint colour and wheel choices, no other design elements have been modified.

Flex receives a powertrain update with a base 3.5-litre V6 that now packs 20 more horsepower – 285 versus 265. Customers will still have the option of fitting the Flex with Ford’s 3.5-litre twin-turbocharged EcoBoost V6, which carries over unchanged.

As with all other upcoming 2013 Ford models the Flex will receive the incorporated into the dashboard that is simpler in layout and display and ultimately more user friendly. Other interior improvements include pushbutton start, rain sensing wipers and the addition of more safety features including optional rear inflatable seatbelts and a host of collision-avoidance technologies.

Mark Fields, President of the Americas states that ”Flex appeals to people who want to stand out from the crowd and has the highest retention rate of any vehicle in the Ford lineup. With technologies not found in other full-size utilities, even better fuel economy and a more modern, sophisticated look we’re offering people even more reasons to choose Flex with the new mode

The Nissan Juke-R Concept Is Unveiled

2011-11-08T06:03:00.000-08:00

Now we know the Nissan GT-R is an outright beastly sports car, and the Nissan Juke, a mini-crossover with a desire to look sporty, but what kind of mischief will emerge should someone try to combine the pair?

Well who needs speculation; Nissan have unveiled their Juke-R concept, with an elaborate body shape and paintwork to say the least. The concept was created by Ray Mallock Limited on behalf of Nissan and along with the reveal comes the news that two Juke-R’s will be created; one left-hand and one right-hand drive.

Testing will then follow next month, with the two cars being put through their paces with the hope of refining them into viable production models to go on sale. The Juke-R required a near-rebuild to incorporate the GT-R’s drivetrain, as well as new Brembo brakes and a custom roll cage; on top of the obvious modifications to the body and wheels (now including the GT-R’s 20” wheels).

To contain all of this sports car performance the Juke-R also employs the GT-R’s traction control, dynamics logic and engine control system as well as it touch-screen interface.

Yes it’s a little unrefined now, but I definitely see something behind Nissan’s newest venture; lets just see what they come up with after some testing!

2009 Nissan 370Z

2011-11-08T05:51:00.000-08:00

Stand on any corner in any city, close your eyes and open your ears. Eventually you'll hear the telltale swell of an engine as someone blips the throttle while braking before the bend. This secret auditory handshake among gearheads signals the arrival of a driver schooled in the art of heel-and-toe. And when the 2009 Nissan 370Z goes on sale in January, you won't be able to tell an aspiring Schumacher from Joe the... shoemaker. Nissan's simple yet brilliant "SyncroRev Match" will relegate the artistry of rev-matching to the annals of motoring history. Other automakers compelled to offer manual gearboxes for the dedicated few will doubtlessly adopt the system, and those of us who care – who've unconsciously conditioned ourselves to crane our heads to catch a glimpse of what's coming – will cease to do so. Progress is a double-edged sword and rarely balanced, but don't fret. The 370Z's overly hyped rev-matching system isn't the end of the world, and it's hardly the best part of Nissan's new Z. Follow the jump to find out what is.

The moment the first batch of Z spy shots surfaced, it was obvious that Nissan's sports car was on its way back from the gym. The coupe was wider, shorter and more sculpted, and when the wraps came off at the 2008 LA Auto Show, we finally had proof that at least one automaker gets "it." By "it" we mean lighter. And Nissan has succeeded – just.

Although the Z's overall length has been shortened by 2.7 inches, the wheelbase cut by 3.9 inches and a set of aluminum doors join an aluminum hood and hatch, Nissan has only managed to shave 95 pounds from the curb weight of the standard model. Thanks to a wider track (0.5 inches up front and 2.2 inches in the rear), side curtain airbags and all of the other assorted equipment required by both the government and the public, the weight savings on the base 370Z is negligible.

But the Z's 3,232-pound heft is used to good effect. Weight distribution remains 54/46 front-to-rear, and a lighter, stiffer aluminum front suspension cradle works in conjunction with a rear-mounted V-bar and a carbon composite radiator housing to stiffen the structure while keeping it light. The result is 30 percent more torsional rigidity up front, a 22-percent increase in the back and a 30-percent increase in vertical bending resistance in the rear. Combined with the new double-wishbone front suspension, redesigned four-link rear setup and new shock valving, the overall effect is – at first – mildly disconcerting.

The 370Z eschews its predecessor's rickety ride for the kind of refinement you'd expect from a grand tourer. Puttering around town and mashing on the motorway, you get the sense that the 370Z has matured, dropping any adolescent ideas of performance and instead, making a B-line for Dullsville. That sensation continues right up to the point that you muscle the six-speed manual into a lower gear with a notchy ka-thunk, mash the floor-hinged throttle into the carpet and let the 3.7-liter's exhaust note evolve from a idle buzz to a mechanical beehive jacked up on Ephedra.

As you're likely well aware, the 3.7-liter VQ37VHR V6 is the same engine that motivates the Z's FM-platform stablemate, the Infiniti G37. With the optional seven-speed automatic, complete with paddle shifters, you'd swear you are driving the Z's more luxurious sibling. The thoroughly refreshed interior helps matters, dropping the Playskool plastics in favor of a soft-touch dash, redesigned IP and a leather-stitched center console that bears a passing resemblance to that of the GT-R. The eight-way adjustable driver's seat benefits from a bit more bolstering than the passenger, but both chairs balance the proper amount of coddling with the kind of side-hugging support you'd expect in a sports car. The three-pod gauge cluster still pivots to provide an unobstructed view through the asymmetrical steering wheel (it's not quite an oval, but it's certainly not round), allowing you to keep tabs on the central-mounted tach, speedometer and ghastly LCD/LED read-out.

We're at a loss on that last one. Instead of fitting traditional fuel and coolant temperature gauges – just like the trio perched atop the center console – Nissan decided to go with a set of horizontal LCDs sitting above and below a multi-information display. While the idea might be sound, the execution leaves a lot to be desired. The LEDs wash out in all but the subtlest sunlight and the pseudo-techno theme doesn't tie-in with the rest of the analog dials. It's a small gripe compared to the massive blind-spots created by the C-pillars. A back-up camera isn't quite a necessity, but the side mirrors do little to alleviate the pain.

But both of these foibles are forgiven the moment you let out the stiffly sprung clutch and give it the beans. The 3.5-liter V6 fitted to the former Z remains one of our favorite mills, but the 3.7-liter proves that Darwin lives in the details. The new bent-six is mounted 15mm lower, boasts 35% all-new parts, an increased cylinder block height, and with the help of Nissan's Variable Valve Event and Lift (VVEL) system, churns out 332 hp at 7,000 rpm and 270 lb-ft of torque at 5,200 rpm. Along with the increase in displacement and power, redline is up to 7,500 rpm, but getting that high into the rev range comes with an aural cacophony that's far less desirable than the thrust accompanying it.

understeer that plagued the last generation. With the traction control off, it gets even better. Trail-braking elicits the perfect amount of rotation towards the apex and with the Sport Package's viscous limited-slip differential, a judicious press of the long pedal provides the perfect opportunity to test the Z's speed-sensitive rack-and-pinion setup.

BMW CARS SAFE

2011-10-18T01:57:00.000-07:00

Later cars can be actively preach and prevent the driver from harm. Toyota is developing the technology. Toyota even made a demo and gives a chance to try the test drive experience with sophisticated technology. Participants enjoyed the opportunity 18th ITS World Congress in Orlando, Florida, USA (October 16 to 20). Toyota Motor Corp... (TMC) will feature a number of advanced technologies developed to improve road safety at the gathering of the world that focus on ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems).TMC will display the active safety technology such as the Pre-Collision System (PCS), Adaptive Driving Beam (ADB) and other advanced technologies currently under development. This kind of technology to actively guard against the accident, or at least minimize its impact. Also exhibited cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system that supports the rider safe. Where equipment is mounted on the roadside could preach to the vehicle if there is a danger that does not appear the driver, for example around the corner.

The pavilion also features TMC simulator to give visitors the opportunity to experience with Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Traction Control (TC) and the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS).TMC also brought the Pries Plug-in Hybrid and G-Station charging system. Along with that, Toyota Center and featuring Toyota Smart Home Energy Management System which is a technology that unites the home, automobile and information technology.TMC is also preparing a test-drive track to demo PCS is able to prevent the car from an accident. Also the system can warn the driver if there is a risk of collision from the front, rear and side. Toyota booth this year's theme was "Rewarded with a smile by exceeding your expectations".

Held every year in rotation in Europe, Asia-Pacific and the Americas.This congress involving all stakeholders from government, research institutions to private companies. Toyota has been involved in this activity since it began 18 years age. BMW officially end the figure shows the 3 Series they are very clearly influenced by the design of the Series 5. Moreover, if attention to the stern. Meanwhile, on the front, 3 Series has inspired headlights of Series 1.With the presence of a vehicle that carries a line of a new look, making the figure of the previous 3 Series to look bland. Compact sedan in the BMW family is also more spacious than the previous generation, but has a lighter weight, which means more comfortable driving.BMW 3 Series that claimed more fuel efficient it will be launched with a choice of two petrol engines and two diesel engines EfficientDynamics.

And his plan, the BMW 3 Series also will launch a hybrid-engine and four-wheel-drive system drives.Which will be called as this 3 ActiveHybrid will use the same engine as ActiveHybrid 5 recently introduced. ActiveHybrid 3 will use the engine 6-cylinder-powered 335i's 306 hp mated to a 40 kW electric motor.3 Series Saloon 328i model has a 245 hp engine power and torque of 350 Nm with the ability of acceleration 0-100 km / h within 5.9 seconds with a maximum speed of electronic devices is limited at 250 km / hour. To model the 335i Saloon, equipped with 306 hp engine and 400 Nm of torque with a maximum speed limited to 250 km / hour.

As for 0-100 km / h is achieved by spending time 5.5 seconds.320d Saloon version of the diesel engine, maximum torque of 380 Nm can be achieved with a power of 184 hp. The diesel engine is capable of making this vehicle ran up to a maximum speed of 235 km / h, while acceleration 0-100 km / h is achieved in a matter of 7.5 seconds.320d EfficientDynamics model has a lower power of 163 hp, but with the same torque of 380 Nm. The maximum speed of 227 km / h with fuel consumption which is certainly far more economical

TOYOTA KIJANG INNOVA

2011-10-15T05:12:00.000-07:00

Launch of the first generation Toyota Corolla was in 1977. Where there was a doubt of its designers, regarding whether the Deer can be accepted by the Indonesian market. Doubt was due to the Mitsubishi Colt is a type of vehicle that dominate the market for bus mini car at the time. The first generation Toyota pickup with applying the concept of basic box shape. This model is often nicknamed "Deer Crocodile" because of the hood lid can be opened up to the side. Deer generation was produced until early in 1980.Cars with production code KF10 is almost shaped like a box of fruit is attached with 4 wheels and the windows are covered with a tarp on the sides of the edges.

Deer Generation I is known to the public as Crocodile Deer as a model open-close front hood on the car's nose (bonnet) which is similar to a crocodile's mouth when the front hood is opened. Preliminary design of this vehicle is very simple. This deer has a door that seemed to simply taped to their bodies with a similar hinge door hinge door when again at the moment, the door is not equipped car keys let alone security system alarm as though the next generation that has been modified , equipped with door locks and door cranks who still like the glass on the door of the house and car doors.

Driver's position on this deer with a stick is too ketengah transmission gears for machines that are difficult to reach. Machines used Toyota Corolla uses his time machine with a capacity of 1200 cc 3K type with 4-speed transmission. In addition to coming out with the type of pickup (pick up), deer car is modified into a passenger car is mainly done by companies such as automobile body of a car company car commercial car in those days where the body design is not addressed directly the manufacturer. For example, the car was used as a car passenger public transport in the city of Aberdeen in the years 1980-1986.Generation II went on sale in September 1981. Form of this model is not too different than the previous generation, but has some changes that include increasing the capacity of the engine cylinder to 1,300 cc (up 100 cc). This capacity is then increased again up to 1,500 cc.This car, although it is described to have a lot of changes, its shape is still there are similarities with crocodile deer. Round headlights still on the right side of the front-left and grille are still simple with TOYOTA writing on the front. Line on the bonnet is still simple and steep. Despite opening in the lid opening hood is no longer fully up to the edge of the nasal car (bonnet) as well as deer before.Cars with KF20 order code is familiar as Doyok (the title taken from a cartoon series Doyok have the shape of the daily Pos Kota) so it is also known as Deer Doyok. Sweeter door with glass fitted with a hinge no longer resemble the door hinges and lock completed in 1982. With 4K engine capacity 1300 cc, 4-speed transmission still. Still double wishbone suspension with leaf springs at the front and leaf springs under the axle (axle below) on the back of the car.
These car trips are also accompanied by new developments such as transmission and differential perfected and increase brake booster in 1983. Toyota is also known in the planning of its products until the next 5 years which can be seen through the development of this car. In 1984 make changes to the grille and bumper, including the use of light box.Until 1985, this car demand remained high, until Toyota make changes on the machine and then use the type of 5K with a capacity of 1,500 cc u.
In 1986 the third generation model launched to the market. Deer this generation is more curved shape on the curve so it looks more modern.

This model is still widely used on the streets in Indonesia even though no longer manufactured.In this generation, the concept of deer as a transport vehicle began to shift as a passenger vehicle though many previous generation Kijang was also modified as a passenger vehicle. At this time, can be regarded as the triumph generation Kijang as passenger cars, especially before a lot of passenger cars imported Built Up enliven vehicle market in Indonesia and the top of the dominance of Toyota's top models like the Mitsubishi Colt L300 strong and minibuses without a bonnet such as Suzuki and Daihatsu Carry Zebra Deer where strong consumer choice at the time. Toyota issued two types of this generation Toyota Kijang Super namely type (1986-1992) and Kijang Grand (1992-1996) with a life cycle is quite long (nearly a decade) than in generations past.The design of this car has a sweeter and smoother than the last generation of rigid-like boxes of soap. Pressed full body technology was introduced to suppress the use of putty in the manufacturing process up to 2-5 kg per car putty. Machine at the beginning of this generation still wear the type of 5K but has a horse power (horse power) higher than the previous 63 hp 61 hp. Using a 5-speed transmission, which was previously using 4-speed. Since 1992 there is additional After August 1992, Toyota entered the car body repair generation is referred to as the Toyota Original Body. A process of making the car body with a press machine and method of welding points. Until recently, virtually the only Deer-free putty.As for the Grand version there are a variety of changes, especially in the headlights, grille and the addition of double blowers was also added power steering to relieve the driver's steering. And until recently, this type Deer (Super and Grand) is still.
After ten years of sticking with the design of third generation, Toyota unveiled the next model with the changes to the exterior and the interior is more aerodynamic. This model is usually called "Kijang Capsule".

Starting the fourth generation of this antelope, the greater the dominance of Japan. If the previous Toyota Astra Motor harness assembly using the body of a car many car body. In this generation has been said to imply a real car. The design is rounded like a capsule and more aerodynamic design and a jump in his time. In deer, known as the deer recently, Toyota issued two types of engines namely petrol engine 1800cc (type 7K) like the previous generations and 2500cc diesel engines (type 2L), which makes the competition with the Isuzu Panther for diesel-engined family car when it dominates the market.In the years 1997-2000 version of the Deer, the gasoline engine using a carburetor, new in late 2000 is available with a gasoline engine electronic injection systems, Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI). There are two options for EFI gasoline engine, the 7K-E with a capacity of 1800cc-powered 80 hp and 1RZ-E with a capacity of 2000 cc The Taken From Toyota Hilux. Although 1RZ-E engine is technologically more advanced when compared with the 7K-E engine, 2000cc petrol engine but is less sold on the market because Indonesia (consumption) of fuel valued more extravagant than the And lastly on this emerging generation of New Kijang by changing the design of lights and seatbelt (seat belt) on the middle seat passenger.

The rest is almost the same as before.That In addition to the Kijang Capsule Version Variants Provides Additional Krista And Rangga. Krista Long Using Chassis Chassis Rangga Short While

TOYOTA KIJANG

2011-10-13T23:53:00.000-07:00

Was first introduced on June 9, 1977 in a very simple form. Half-door pickup box, with side windows made of tarpaulins and plastic. Hinge door visible from the outside. Generation with KF10 code uses type 3K engine capacity of 1200 cc, such as the Corolla engines. Transmission used 4 first generation of this famous nickname Crocodile Deer, because the hood can be opened up to the side. This crocodile deer was able to win over the people of Indonesia. This is evident from the sales figures reach 26 806 units to be launched generation, second generation with KF20 code was released on the market.
Although there are many similarities with the previous generation, the vehicle with the popular name of Deer has undergone considerable changes, such as the location of a hidden door hinges, hood that just opened at the top of has increased from 3K to 4K, with a cylinder capacity 1300 cc . The suspension was used as the previous generation, which is double wishbone with transversely mounted leaf springs for the front, and leaf springs under the axle position (under the axle).

The second generation is experiencing improvements with the addition of the right door lock. In 1983, its transmission and differential completed, as well as the addition of a booster for the braking system. Grille and modified front bumper with a more ` few changes to the exterior, in December 1985, PT. Toyota Astra Motor, Toyota launched a 5K engine with a capacity of 1500 cc. Although it has a cylinder capacity of larger, fuel consumption was still about 5% more efficient than the previous type.
The second generation of Deer, as well as the first generation of fans got a heart, as evidenced by the increasingly high number of sales achieved during the five years of its existence, as many as 101,668 unit. divided into two great periods, namely the Toyota Super (1986-1992) and the Deer Grand (1992-1996). With a total change in the exterior, in November 1986, the third generation was introduced. Starting this generation, has used technology Full Pressed Body, which can reduce about 2-5 pounds of putty per car.
From this generation was introduced to the short chassis (KF40) and length (KF50), with chassis construction has improved. The steering system did not escape the process of refinement, with the implementation of re-circulating ball system and the use of variable gear ratio.sense of comfort, the front suspension was changed to a double wishbone with torsion bar springs, while the construction of an over the back axle. The use of disc brakes also started to be introduced starting Deer generation Advance Super Response Engine (ASRE) is adopted to improve the fuel supply system, resulting in improved performance from 61 ps to 63 ps.

The transmission used is also available in two options, 4 speed and 5 speed.
Rack & pinion steering system was introduced in 1991. In that year as well as improvements per the back and as coupling type 3 connections on the chassis length, in order to reduce Grand launched in August 1992, with the technology of Toyota Original Body, in which the process of making the body uses 1,500 tons of hydraulic power and welding methods point (spot welding) was introduced. With the new technology body structure can be equated with the sedan, and completely free putty.
Other changes at this Grand Deer, like a series of new headlamps, grille and front bumper back to the exterior. For the interior, the shape of the dashboard has undergone a change, also the addition of AC double blower for the type of the Grand Extra, which is the highest grade in the generation of Kijang Grand is.

Position the fuel tank was moved to the left, while the spare tire hanging on the back, and have used the power steering system is still using the machine type steering. 5K, but improvements in Grand has been done on the carburetor, intake and exhaust manifolds, thus increasing strength to 72 in 1995, a year before the expiration of this generation was launched KF42 and KF52 with 7K machine. Until replaced by the newer generation, third generation managed to record sales figures of 492,123 units.
In January 1997, PT. Toyota Astra Motor, Toyota launched the newest. In this fourth generation, the shape of Deer experienced a total change, more aerodynamic look with a more subtle grooves so often called Deer with KF70 and KF80 code is also changing the rear seating configurations.

For the long chassis type Deluxe and Grand, rear seats facing forward and can be folded, thereby increasing passenger comfort. His dashboard also experienced a total change.
Setting the valves are already using a hydraulic system. Power increased to 80 ps. Transmission is available in a 4-speed, 5-speed and 4-speed automatic. Machines that are used still remains 7K. A month later, released version of the diesel engine of type 2L with code and LF70 LF80. February 2000, conducted refresher exterior and interior, which includes changes to the lights, bumpers and dashboards-capacity of 2,000 cc EFI launched in September 2000, with a new type of engine, 1RZ-E for Grand and Krista variant, in addition to type K, which for 20 years has been recognized reliability. With this new engine type, the more powerful Deer (97 ps). Since its launch until the end of the first quarter of 2002, this fourth-generation Toyota sales have reached 269,226 units.

TOYOTA

2011-10-13T21:17:00.000-07:00

Toyota Motor Corporation was founded in September 1933 as a division of Automatic Weaving Factory Toyota cars. Division of company cars are then separated on August 27, 1937 to create the Toyota Motor Corporation as at present. Toyota's history.Departing from the textile industry, Toyota is plugging himself as one of the leading automotive manufacturers enough around the world. Brands that produce a car every 6 seconds is found to have used more because of Toyota's naming mention more comfortable than wearing a surname founder, Toyoda.

Toyota is the third largest car manufacturer in the world in unit sales and net sales. Japan's largest manufacturer produces 5.5 million cars worldwide. If calculated, this figure is equivalent to producing one unit of a car in 6 seconds.Toyota itself was founded by Sakichi Toyoda, who started from a textile industry (Marimutu Sinivasan, founder of Texmaco, a large textile entrepreneurs in Indonesia, trying to imitate it by developing branded automotive sector).Compared with other automotive industries that use the name of its founder as a trademark such as Honda, founded by Soichiro Honda, Daimler-Benz (Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz), Ford (Henry Ford), Toyoda name is not used as a brand. Since the departure from simple ideas and visions that time.

The mention of Toyoda less pleasant and not so familiarly known spoofed into a Toyota.Sakichi Toyoda was born in February 1867 in Shizuoka, Japan. This man is known as the inventor since I was a teenager. Toyoda devoted his life to studying and developing the textile assembly. In the age of 30 years completed the Toyoda loom. It then drove him to establish the Toyota assembly precursor, the Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, Ltd.. in November 1926.Here the automatic textile machinery patent was later sold to Platt Brothers & Co., Ltd.. from England, United Kingdom. Proceeds from sale of this patent, made capital development of the automotive division. Beginning in 1933, when Toyoda build automotive division, the team then largely controlled by his son Kiichiro Toyoda, relentless produce innovations leading the way in his time. Type A engine was completed in 1934. A year later the first prototype engine was transplanted their passenger cars, A1.

In 1936 they launched their first passenger car, Toyoda AA (at that time still used the name Toyoda). This model was developed from a prototype model of the A1 and fitted body and engine A. The vehicle is expected to be the beginning of people's car. The concept of Toyota's products continue to be held until now.Four years of waiting for delivery are considered to automotive companies own and break away from their textile industry. Then in 1937 they inaugurated the automotive division and the name of Toyota,

Taking Toyota's name in Japanese characters are represented in 8, and eight is a lucky number for Japanese society. Another reason is considered reasonable is the automotive industry is a business lifestyle and even the mention of a name (and what it sounds like), a side that is so important. Because Toyoda's name was considered too rigid in a dynamic business that transformed into a Toyota that feels better. No doubt, 1937 was an important era of the birth of Toyota Motor Co., Ltd.. embryo of giant Toyota Motor Corp. (TMC) today.Kiichiro Toyoda's innovation spirit never dimmed. Toyota later developed into formidable vehicle producer. In the era of the 1940s, Toyota is busy developing the company's capital includes inserting the bourses in Tokyo, Osaka and Nagoya.

After the era of World War II ended, in the 1950s is proving Toyota tough all-purpose vehicle producer. At that time the familiar Jeep vehicles in Japan. Inspired by this car, the Toyota Land Cruiser then developed a prototype that came out in 1950. A year later officially launched early model Land Cruiser model .July of that year, the test driver Ichiro Taira end the trials with outstanding results. Inspired by Samurai Heikuro Magaki figure that climbed Mount Atago on horseback in 1643, BJ Taira drove his Toyota into Fudo temple in Okasaki city. It once used as a promotional car toughness of all these fields. Not long ago, Toyota Land Cruiser began to rival the dominance of the Willys Jeep. Even with subsequent models, the Toyota Land Cruiser can be accepted in the market at that time was difficult to penetrate the North America. Through this model, Toyota entered the markets in various parts of the world, including in Indonesia, known as the Toyota Land Cruiser Hardtop FJ40/45. In Africa, the models of Toyota Land Cruiser Technical alias is used as an armed jeep equipped with submachine guns, heavy weapons or even without starting back (Recoilless bazooka) and deployed during armed conflicts with the very strong performance.

Toyota is not only known through the Toyota Land Cruiser. They also developed a model that became the world's favorite, a small sedan. Through Corolla which debuted in 1966, this early generation sedan wearing tiny mover behind the change order popular sedan was headed toward a small sedan is compact, efficient and concise. Entering 1975, entered in the third-generation Corolla and sold over 5 million units. The amazing thing is still strong today.

Toyota's product line increasingly, they have not realized the logo graphic.

HOW TO CARE FOR OLDER CARS

2011-10-02T02:50:00.000-07:00

Cars are expensive. Consumers who cannot afford a new car often opt for older, high-mileage vehicles. These vehicles sell for a lower initial price. If not maintained, however, older high-mileage cars can cost so much in repairs that they offer very little long-term savings. On the other hand, a properly maintained high-mileage vehicle can save you money. There is no guarantee that following standard procedures will keep your car out of the mechanic's lot, but diligent maintenance certainly minimizes the risk.

Check and change the oil. Engines with a lot of miles are even more dependent on oil to run smoothly. Your car's owner's manual should specify how often your car needs an oil change. If your car is old and has logged many miles, you should consider changing the oil even more frequently than advised by the manual.

Get the filters and spark plugs changed regularly. The same principles that apply to oil apply equally to your car's filters and plugs. You do not need to change the filters and spark plugs yourself. Many mechanics change these parts without charging hefty fees.

Check your tires weekly. Check for tire pressure and tire wear. Older cars need good, effective tires. Dilapidated tires put more stress on your car's old engine and transmission.

Listen carefully to the engine. As CarInsurance.com notes, "When a car gets 50,000 or 60,000 miles on it, it is not new anymore. You will notice small noises and oddities." Have your car evaluated by a professional whenever you begin to hear a new, disturbing noise. It is better to fix the problem early rather than let the problem worsen.

Drive carefully. Older cars are weaker than newer cars. Try to avoid driving your old car in challenging conditions like snow, steep inclines or off road. The more you stress your old car, the more quickly it will deteriorate.

While it depends on the exact make and model of your older Ford, chances are that it does not achieve gas mileage comparable to newer vehicles. Of course, if the Ford is an older Festiva or Escort, then your fuel economy should, at the very least, be respectable. However, an early Thunderbird, F-150 or Mustang will understandably lag behind. There are direct steps you can take to increase the gas mileage in these olde

Change your older Ford's oil approximately every 3,000 miles. As your Ford car or truck ages, it is imperative that you keep the engine running smoothly. If the engine is running efficiently, it will burn less gas.

Check your Ford's other fluids as well, including the transfer case and differential and ensure that they are at the proper level. If your old Ford is driven daily, consider having the fluids changed at least once a year.Check your old Ford's air filter regularly. A clogged air filter can drastically decrease your vehicle's fuel efficiency. If you find that the filter is dirty, you can clean it out with an air compressor or by lightly tapping it to dislodge the dust. If the filter is severely clogged or very dirty, replace it with a new filter.

Check the tires' air pressure and make sure they are inflated to the level recommended on the sidewall. Tires that are not fully inflated will reduce your Ford's gas mileage.

Replace your spark plugs if needed. Look at the spark plugs in your 2003 Ford. If they are corroded or damaged in any way, or you cannot remember the last time they were changed, replace them. The spark plugs start the combustion process in your engine. If this process is not functioning properly, the gas mileage of your Focus will be affected.

Replace the air filter in your Focus. A dirty air filter prevents clean air from getting into your engine, which affects the air your Focus is getting. This can prevent proper combustion from occurring.

Get proper maintenance for your Focus to ensure the best mileage possible. Ford recommends oil changes at every 3,000 miles or three months. The transmission should also be checked and fluids replaced or drained as needed. The cleaner your engine, the better gas mileage you will receive.

Inflate tires to the appropriate air pressure. Ford recommends 26 to 34 pounds per square inch for the tire pressure. If your tires are under-inflated, the gas mileage will decrease.

Fill your tank with the proper fuel. Ford recommends regular unleaded for the Focus. Higher octanes do not have any additional benefits, and lower octanes can damage your car.

Drive as much as possible on the highway versus stop-and-go city traffic. While driving, abide by speed limits. High speeds can reduce gas mileage, as can constant braking and accelerating when driving in the city.

BODY TYPE DISTINGUISHING FEATURE AUTOMOBILES

2011-10-02T02:16:00.000-07:00

The camping site is frequently the goal of travelwilling, which want to come nature if possible close. That is also reason, why itself most plants, on which may camp and/or be gecampt, in close proximity to larger lakes, at the sea or in landschaftlich beautiful regions, as for example in mountains rules. The basic principle of camping is actually it to strip any standard which we from the city life. This implies for example that without river and flowing water it must be done or spatial distances which can be mastered are to be put back by foot or the bicycle, not with the car or other motorized progressive movement means.

From this thought remained however not very much remaining. Which is also because of the fact that due to contamination and above all in the summer the existing forest fire danger almost everywhere in Germany forbade free Campen, if it does not happen on specially camping reason proven for it, or property in private property is and the owner gave naturally its agreement. And there nowadays almost all camping plants of community baths and - kitchens possess, remain a small part of our highly civilized life always existing also there. There are even humans, who live permanently on camping sites.

This kind of the life has to do however with the best will nothing more with original tents, because the dwellings, in which the persons concerned took quarter, are main nothing else, as small, made of wood, plastics and little metal of delighted city halls

With Fahrzeugtuning the individual change of automobile or also another vehicle is meant, which can serve different purposes. The improvement of the Design, the handling characteristics or the achievement stand thereby in the demand reason One can operate Tuning in different way. Between optical Tuning, chassis and Motortuning are differentiated. With the optical Tuning there are many possibilities infinitely.

Begun with different colour disks, up to finest leather purchases, game consoles or sound plants. In addition, optical Tuning can serve practical purposes: In addition, with the Karosserietuning visual improvements stand in the foreground, the spoiler liked everywhere for example have the task to reduce or increase the contact pressure of the car, depending on whether on maximum speed or Kurvenverhalten worth one puts. The Fahrwerktuning is meant to improving the handling characteristics of the automobile.

This is frequently reached, as changes in the range of the feathers/springs and shock absorbers are made. A goal of the Fahrwerktunings is it under other one, the inclination of the body, which develops with driving along curves, to keep as small as possible. For this mostly shorter feathers/springs are inserted and the shock absorbers are more strongly adjusted. The height of the car can be also varied. Too low it should not be however, because otherwise each multi-storey car park or each Parkgarage becomes to the enemy of the Unterbodenverkleidung. In order to increase the achievement of the engine, turns one logical-proves Motortuning on.

In addition belong under other measures such as chip Tuning (optimization of the achievement by change of the Kennfeldsteuerung on the engine chip; new parts are not added thereby the engine), NOS (burn in the engine gets again a Kick by injected laughing gas); Loops and increasing of the suction ports (less resistance for the respective drive mixture), relief of the flywheel (runs due to the reduced mass inertia faster) or simply the exchange of the entire engine mount against a higher performance… But one should be careful. On the one hand almost all Tuningmaßnahmen must be examined and registered of the TÜV and on the other hand reduced too much or not professional Tuning the life span of engines considerably.

THE AUTOMOTIVE HISTORY

2011-10-02T01:57:00.000-07:00

The history of the automobile began already 100 years before our time calculation, when a machine was developed, which contained the basic elements of the today's automobile engine. Creator of this simple and at the same time ingenious invention was the Greek Heron of Alexandria. It made a cylinder, into which it filled water and led a piston inside, which it held owing to a counterweight in the Schwebe from above. Under this construction it ignited fire, which heated the water up. Due to steam resulting from it the piston moved up and after steam cooled down again, the piston went again downward. On this principle also steam engine and combustion engine are based. Unfortunately became at that time, as so often uses inventions, which should not win wars and facilitate work on fields in the history of mankind.

Thus this innovative development of sinking and it disappeared drew nearly 2000 years in the country, until the Englishman Richard Trevithick for the first time developed 1801 a steam-claimant car, which may be valid by definition also as „automobile”. 1839 developed then Robert Anderson one the first electric vehicle, 1860 finished Etienne Lenoir the first gas engine ready for operation, before Nikolaus August Otto submitted 1876 a patent for the four-stroke engine so called. And on 3 July 1886 then the development of cars began with combustion engines, which are comparable to today's time with those, when Karl Benz placed the first automobile of this kind completely. Due to the high (and also today still valid) requirements at cars, which range and speed concern, the petrol engine became generally accepted as only logical consequence, which became completely fair these requirements and still becomes today

In the year 1886 finished Karl Benz and God-dear Daimler (by Wilhelm Maybach) as it were synchronously your prototypes. The vehicle of Daimler was a Postkutsche with inserted engine and without horses. With the vehicle of Benz however it concerned a tricycle and looked themselves like a riksha without roof and pedals. Benz was it also, which manufactured automobiles in series starting from 1894. Shortly thereafter, in the years 1888 and 1889 Siegfried Marcus let itself its first car build. It concerned thereby an automobile which was propelled by a gasoline four-stroke engine and which essential components of a modern car aufwieß. At the same time work also Albert F. muttons on the completion of his car. Likewise 1888 it finished then a car with zweizylindrigem engine. Shortly before incipient crack of the turn of the century it created Camille Jenatzy with its car „La jamais Contente” as first humans with a vehicle operated over the wheels to drive faster than 100 km/h. The researchers and inventor knew thus, which potential is still in the cars. And the people recognized the large use of these vehicles.

In the USA 1900 altogether 4,192 automobiles were finished placed by 75 manufacturers. Among them were 1,688 steam automobiles, 1,575 electric vehicles and 929 vehicles with petrol engine. Mercedes served simplex at that time practically as template for almost all other models, because its essential structure was used also by the competition. There were reasons for it many: The simplex was stable, that internal area could be arranged relatively generous and not least looked it also well. Even a cash hit at its time, Ford model A from the year 1928, reminds still very strongly at Mercedes the simplex

The need and the demand for automobiles, accompanying with it, rose shortly after the turn of the century rapidly. Humans wanted to be more mobile and come above all also faster to their goal. But only the few could afford a car. Reasons for it were on the one hand naturally the poverty of many humans and on the other hand the enormously high price of the cars at that time, which still all developed in laborious detailed work and individual manufacture. Ford recognized this problem and in the American Ford works starting from 1913 on the assembly-line was in such a way manufactured. For this reason on the one hand sufficient car could be produced, in order to cover the demand, on the other hand became it so affordably that they could be bought and used by a broader mass.

The foundation-stone for the massenfafte spreading of cars by assembly-line production was thus put. Only years later, in the year 1924, the first German car on the assembly-line originates in to 11 with „the OPEL 4 HP” (also „Laubfrosch” mentioned). This until 1926 was manufactured, until he of its successors, that had more HP (16 and/or 20 HP, as before only 12) was replaced. „Laubfrosch” it had to owe the name his size and color. At that time it was usual that the cars were largely, heavy and black (Ford: „You can have each car, as long as it is black. ”). The OPEL 4 HP was however comparatively schmächtig and beyond that green. But it was an outrider for other models, those its example