PHP - MYSQL

Calendar function in php - free coding

2014-01-31T13:11:00.000-08:00

Calendar function in php - free coding

example

sms.php

Add the following script before body of your file

<Script language="JavaScript">

</script>

<body>
<?php
if ($_POST['From_Date'] == "") {
$from_date = date("d-m-Y");
}
else {
$from_date = $_POST['From_Date'];

}
list($day1, $month1, $year1) = split('[-,/]', $from_date);

$From = $year1 . "-" . $month1 . "-" . $day1;

?>

<form name="form1" action="sms.php" method="post" >
<input type="hidden" name="hidvar1" >

Select Date <input id="myTextBox" type="text" name="From_Date" value="<?php echo $from_date;?>" size="12" maxlength="12" unselectable="on"><img src="/pics/Icon_calendar.gif" border="0" style="cursor: hand" alt="Calender" onclick="GetDate('From_Date')">

</form>
</body>

calendar.php file coding

copy the following lines and save as calendar.php

<?php
header("Pragma: no-cache");
header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate");
?>
<html>

<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<title>Calender</title>

<Script language="VbScript">

</Script>

<script language="Javascript">

</script>
</head>

<body onload="Mark_CurrDate()">
<?php
$today = getdate();
?>
<input type="hidden" name="YearTxt" value='<?php echo date("Y"); ?>'>
<input type="hidden" name="MonthTxt" value='<?php echo date("m"); ?>'>
<input type="hidden" name="DayTxt" value='<?php echo date("d"); ?>'>
<input type="hidden" name="PrvCell" value="">
<center>
<table border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><table border="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><input type="button" Name="Back" value="<<" style="background: transparent; width:10px; font:9px; color: Navy; border: none; cursor: hand"></td><td>
<select name="MonthView" style="background: transparent; width: 75px; color: navy; font: 10px">
<?php
for ($a=1; $a <= 12; $a++) {?>
<option value='<?php echo date("F", mktime(0,0,0,$a,1,2000));?>'><?php echo date("F", mktime(0,0,0,$a,1,2000));?></option>
<?php } ?>
</select></td><td>
<select name="YearView" style="background: transparent; width: 48px; color: navy; font:10px">
<?php for ($a=1951; $a <= 2049; $a++) { ?>
<option value='<?php echo $a; ?>'> <?php echo $a; ?></option>
<?php } ?>
</select></td><td>
<input type="button" Name="Front" value=">>" style="background: transparent; width: 11px; font:9px; color: navy; border: none; cursor: hand"></td></tr></table></td></tr>
<tr><td>
<Table border="1" align="center" cellspacing="0">



<tr>
<?php for ($a=1; $a <= 7; $a++) {?>
<th align="center" style="font: 11px; color: navy"><?php echo date("D", mktime(0,0,0,10,$a,2000));?></th>
<?php } ?>
</tr>



<?php
$SDayNo = 1;
$CellSpan = 7 ;
$NMonth = date("m") + 1;
$NDate = getdate(mktime(0,0,0,$NMonth,1,date("Y")));
$LDate=getdate(mktime(0,0,0,$NMonth,1-1,date("Y")));
$MaxDay=date("d", mktime(0,0,0,$NMonth,1-1,date("Y")));
$SDate=getdate(mktime(0,0,0,date("m"),1,date("Y")));
$Sday=$SDate["wday"]+1;
?>
<tr>
<?php $CellRet = "No";
if ($MaxDay == 31 and $Sday == 7){
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name="Cell1" value="30" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand; font: xx-small;" onclick="Cell_Click(1)" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick(1)"></td>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name="Cell2" value="31" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick=Cell_Click(2) ondblclick=Cell_DblClick(2)></td>
<?php $CellRet = "Yes";
}
elseif ($MaxDay == 30 and $Sday == 7) {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name="Cell1" value="30" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click('1')" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick('1')"></td>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name="Cell2" value="" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click('2')" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick('2')" disabled></td>
<?php $CellRet = "Yes";
}
elseif ($MaxDay == 31 and $Sday == 6) {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name="Cell1" value="31" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click('1')" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick('1')"></td>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name="Cell2" value="" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click('2')" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick('2')" disabled></td>
<?php $CellRet = "Yes" ;
}
?>

<?php for ($a=1; $a <= 7; $a++){
if ($Sday <= $a) {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name='Cell<?php echo $a; ?>' value='<?php echo $SDayNo; ?>' style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click(<?php echo "'" . $a . "'"; ?>)" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick(<?php echo "'" . $a . "'"; ?>)"></td>
<?php $SDayNo = $SDayNo +1;
}
elseif ($a < 3) {
if ($CellRet == "No") {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name='Cell<?php echo $a; ?>' value="" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click(<?php echo "'" . $a . "'"; ?>)" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick(<?php echo "'" . $a . "'"; ?>)" disabled></td>
<?php
}
}
else {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name='Cell<?php echo $a; ?>' value="" style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click(<?php echo "'" . $a . "'"; ?>)" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick(<?php echo "'" . $a . "'"; ?>)" disabled></td>
<?php
}
}
?>

</tr>
<?php for ($a=1; $a <=4; $a++) {
?>
<tr>
<?php for ($b=1; $b <= 7; $b++) {
$CellSpan = $CellSpan + 1 ;
if ($MaxDay >= $SDayNo) {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name='Cell<?php echo $CellSpan; ?>' value='<?php echo $SDayNo; ?>' style="background: transparent; width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click(<?php echo "'" . $CellSpan . "'"; ?>)" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick(<?php echo "'" . $CellSpan . "'" ;?>)"></td>
<?php $SDayNo = $SDayNo + 1 ;
}
else {
?>
<td align="center"><input type="button" Name='Cell<?php echo $CellSpan; ?>' value="" style="background: transparent;width: 15px; height: 15px; font: 9px; border: none; cursor: hand" onclick="Cell_Click(<?php echo "'" . $CellSpan . "'"; ?>)" ondblclick="Cell_DblClick(<?php echo "'" . $CellSpan . "'"; ?>)" disabled></td>
<?php }
}
?>
</tr>
<?php
}
?>

</table>
<input type="hidden" name="SelDate" size="20" maxlength="15" disabled style="background: transparent; text-align: center; border: none" align="absmiddle" Value='<?php echo (date("d") . " " . date("M") . " " . date("Y"));?>'>
</td></tr></table>
</center>

</body>

</html>

php.ini default timezone for Kolkatta

2014-01-20T06:47:00.001-08:00

Default Time Zone of php.ini for India

Example :
Search date.timezone if php.ini file and then remove the ; infront of it
and write like
date.timezone = "Asia/Calcutta"

Everything is fine, but .php files not working

2014-01-02T05:53:00.003-08:00

Everything is fine, but .php files not working

wamp icon is green
All services started
localhost assigned to wamp no conflicts with it
localhost/phpadmin is fine
but
.php files not executable and its content showed as text with php syntax
What's the problem ?

Thanks for help

Answer :

Check the following

wampmanager -> apache -> apache modules -> php5_module

This should be ticked.

In php.ini look for this line

engine = On

the parameter should be On not Off

What is php? and please explain?

2013-12-13T03:16:00.004-08:00

What is php? and please explain?

PHP, or PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, is a widely used, general-purpose scripting language that was originally designed for web development, to produce dynamic web pages. It can be embedded into HTML and generally runs on a web server, which needs to be configured to process PHP code and create web page content from it. It can be deployed on most web servers and on almost every operating system and platform free of charge

The explode Function in PHP

2013-12-11T21:37:00.001-08:00

PHP Code:

$rawPhoneNumber = "800-555-5555"; 

$phoneChunks = explode("-", $rawPhoneNumber);
echo "Raw Phone Number = $rawPhoneNumber <br />";
echo "First chunk = $phoneChunks[0]<br />";
echo "Second chunk = $phoneChunks[1]<br />";
echo "Third Chunk chunk = $phoneChunks[2]";

Display:

Raw Phone Number = 800-555-5555
First chunk = 800
Second chunk = 555
Third Chunk chunk = 5555

explode Function - Setting a Limit

PHP Code:

$someWords = "Please don't blow me to pieces."; 

$wordChunks = explode(" ", $someWords);
for($i = 0; $i < count($wordChunks); $i++){
 echo "Piece $i = $wordChunks[$i] <br />";
}

$wordChunksLimited = explode(" ", $someWords, 4);
for($i = 0; $i < count($wordChunksLimited); $i++){
 echo "Limited Piece $i = $wordChunksLimited[$i] <br />";
}

Display:

Piece 0 = Please
Piece 1 = don't
Piece 2 = blow
Piece 3 = me
Piece 4 = to
Piece 5 = pieces.
Limited Piece 0 = Please
Limited Piece 1 = don't
Limited Piece 2 = blow
Limited Piece 3 = me to pieces.

Calling javascript function from php

2013-12-06T23:14:00.004-08:00

Calling javascript function from php

I am trying to call a javascript function from php. According to all of the examples I have been looking at the following should work but it doesn't. Why not?

<?php
    echo "function test";
    echo '<script type="text/javascript">    run();      </script>';
?>

 <html>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function run(){
            alert("hello world");
        }
    </script>
</html>

Time Difference in Php

2013-12-02T23:53:00.001-08:00

How to calculate minute difference between two date-times in PHP?

<?

$to_time = strtotime("2008-12-13 10:42:00");
$from_time = strtotime("2008-12-13 10:21:00");
echo round(abs($to_time - $from_time) / 60,2). " minute";

?>

<?php
$date1 = time();
sleep(2000);
$date2 = time();
$mins = ($date2 - $date1) / 60;
echo $mins;
?>

php function to remove special characters

2013-12-02T22:05:00.003-08:00

 php function to remove special characters

function clean($string) {
   $string = str_replace(' ', '-', $string); // Replaces all spaces with hyphens.
   return preg_replace('/[^A-Za-z0-9\-]/', '', $string); // Removes special chars.
}

how can I prevent multiple hyphens from being next to each other?

and have them replaced with just 1? Thanks in advance!

function clean($string) {
   $string = str_replace(' ', '-', $string); // Replaces all spaces with hyphens.
   $string = preg_replace('/[^A-Za-z0-9\-]/', '', $string); // Removes special chars.

   return preg_replace('/-+/', '-', $string); // Replaces multiple hyphens with single one.
}

Mysql Time Convert to GMT Format Example

2013-10-09T23:54:00.004-07:00

It looks like the TZ of your database is set to GMT (UTC), which is as it should be. You need to convert your local date into GMT when adding to the database.
from the MySQL 5.1

CONVERT_TZ(dt,from_tz,to_tz)

CONVERT_TZ() converts a datetime value dt from time zone given by from_tz to the time zone given by to_tz and returns the resulting value.
Time zones may be specified as described in Section 5.10.8, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”. This function returns NULL if the arguments are invalid.

If the value falls out of the supported range of the TIMESTAMP type when converted fom from_tz to UTC, no conversion occurs. The TIMESTAMP range is described in Section 11.1.2, “Overview of Date and Time Types”.

mysql> SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','GMT','MET');
        -> '2004-01-01 13:00:00'

mysql> SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','+00:00','+10:00');
        -> '2004-01-01 22:00:00'

Loops in PHP

2013-09-18T00:19:00.000-07:00

Introduction to Loops in PHP

Using Loops in PHP

Loops are an vital part of a programming language. Typically the need to use loops in a program occur when you want to execute a piece of code repeatedly until a desired condition is achieved. There are many control structures that can be use to implement looping in a program.

The While loop

The while loop is one is the simplest looping control structure in PHP. When you specify a condition and a code block along with the while loop, the code block is repeatedly execute until the condition becomes false.

<?php
$a = 1;
while ($a <= 10){
  echo $a ."<br/>";
}
?>

The for loop

The for loop is similar to the while loop and can achieve the same result. It is use to evaluate a set of conditional expression at the beginning of each loop. The for loop is one of the most complex loop in PHP.

<?php
for ($a=1; $a <=10 ; $a++){
  echo $a ."<br/>";
}
?>

Breaking a loop

Sometimes, you might want to break a loop before it complete execution .The break statement can do this.

<?php
for ($a=1; $a <=10 ; $a++){
echo $a ."<br/>";
  if($a==5){
    break;
  }
}
?>

The continue statement

The continue statement is the reverse the break statement, doesn't breaks a loop. When you break a loop the loop with the break statement, you can't check for the same condition again. The continue statement just skip the specific iteration and doesn't cause the loop to end.

<?php
for ($i = 0; $i < 5; ++$i) {
if ($i == 2)
continue
  echo $i;
}
?>

The output will be: 2.

Nesting loops

Nesting loops are a way to use a loop statement within another statement. for example, if you have a loop x, and have another loop y in the loop y in the loop x, the loop y will be executed x*y.

<?php
for ($a =10; $a <= 15; $a++){
    echo "First Loop <br/>";
       for ($b = 5; $b < 10; $b++){
           echo "Second Loop <br/>";
       }
}
?>

PHP function to get age for date of birth

2013-09-17T23:10:00.002-07:00

 PHP function to get age for date of birth

function age_from_dob($dob){

$dob = strtotime($dob);
$y = date('Y', $dob);
 if (($m = (date('m') - date('m', $dob))) < 0) {
  $y++;
 } elseif ($m == 0 && date('d') - date('d', $dob) < 0) {
  $y++;
 }
return date('Y') - $y;

 echo age_from_dob('2005/04/19'); date in yyyy/mm/dd format.

substring_index string function

2013-08-20T03:41:00.002-07:00

substring_index string function

Substring_index function returns us a substring from the main string from a landmark which is given by delimiter. From the delimiter to left or right ( towards staring or ending ) of the string can be given by count. If count is positive then everything towards left from final delimiter ( from left ) is returned. If the count is negative then everything towards right from final delimiter is returned.

Here is the syntax

substring_index(string,"delimiter”,count )

We will apply this to our newsletter subscriber table where we stored email address of our subscribers. Here we will apply substring_index to separate domain part and userid part and maintain a list. Here is a sample of email address.

userid@domainname.com

Here is the query to get the

select email,substring_index(email,"@",-1) from newsletter_table

This will give output as

userid@aol.com aol.com
onemore@gmail.com gmail.com

Like this the full list can be displayed. We can use count and group by command to generate a query to which can tell us number of subscribers in each domain. Say how many have yahoo account, how many have gmail account etc….

SELECT count(substring_index(email,"@",-1) ) as no, email FROM `newsletter_table` group by substring_index(email,"@",-1) order by no desc

Fixing slow Apache on localhost under Windows 7

2013-08-18T23:30:00.003-07:00

A couple days ago, I documented my recent experience with my wireless network and how I got hacked. I briefly mentioned that I'm installing Windows 7 this time around.

Yesterday, I ran into an issue with 32-bit Apache 2.2.15 running on Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit. This issue appears to only affect 64-bit Windows 7 and 64-bit Windows Vista web developers attempting to run 32-bit Apache on the system.

NOTE: I didn't test 64-bit Apache because that is experimental and 64-bit PHP is even more experimental. However, I doubt the results would be too different.

The issue is slow response times (anywhere from 1 to 3 seconds per request) when connecting to 'http://localhost/'. Connecting to 'http://127.0.0.1/' and 'http://[NetBIOScomputernamegoeshere]/' have fast response times. I've seen various fixes around that seem to boil down to these three:

- Disable the Windows Firewall.
- Disable IPv6 support.
- Edit the 'hosts' file.

It looks like there is a bug in IPv6 DNS mapping for localhost under Windows that causes the slowdown when used in conjunction with the Windows Firewall. If Microsoft employees are reading this - THIS IS A BUG...FIX IT! Apache doesn't seem to be the issue but it could be that 'localhost' via the firewall first tries an IPv6 address first, fails after a second or two, and then falls back to IPv4 at which point a connection to 32-bit Apache is established. Apache isn't the issue here - the Windows Firewall combined with IPv6 is. Anything 'localhost' only listening on IPv4 will have slow responses.

What worked for me was to use the IPv4 version of 'localhost' in my hosts file. The 'hosts' file is usually located in the 'C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc' directory on most systems. Editing the 'hosts' file was a pain in the neck. You can't simply right click or double-click to open the file (BUG! ALSO NEEDS TO BE FIXED!). You first have to fire up Notepad or your favorite editor using "Run As Administrator" (right-click) and then hunt for the file using the "File -> Open" dialog. Windows prevents editing that file normally (a good thing) but then get in the way of actually editing it (a bad thing).

Anyway, under Windows 7, the following two lines are commented out:

# 127.0.0.1 localhost
# ::1 localhost

Uncomment the first line but leave the second commented:

127.0.0.1 localhost
# ::1 localhost

Save the file. Try loading pages in Apache again. Should be back to normal speed.

Why this works?

The 'hosts' file supersedes all DNS mappings. So this "fix" merely forces the IPv4 mapping to occur when 'localhost' is requested. Uncomment the second line and Apache will slow down again.

Disabling the Windows Firewall supposedly fixes the issue but I'm pretty sure no one wants to run without a firewall. Disabling IPv6 also apparently fixes the issue but IPv6 is supposedly the future - IPv4 is what the OS falls back on without IPv6. The 'hosts' file fix is really the most desirable until Microsoft can figure out why the Windows Firewall is broken.

Hopefully this helps someone else and helps provide insight into the actual problem.

Side note: If you want to simplify future installations of Apache and you also use MySQL and PHP, you might want to try my portable version of Apache + MySQL + PHP for Windows.

PHP Interview Questions and Answers

2013-07-26T04:10:00.001-07:00

PHP Interview Questions and Answers

Questions : 1 What is Full form of PHP ? Who is the father or inventor of PHP ?

Answers : 1 Rasmus Lerdorf is known as the father of PHP that started development of PHP in 1994
for their own Personal Home Page (PHP) and they released PHP/FI (Forms Interpreter) version 1.0 publicly on 8 June 1995 But in 1997 two Israeli developers named Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans rewrote the parser that formed the base of PHP 3 and then changed the language's name to the PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor.

Questions:2 What are the differences between PHP3 and PHP4 and PHP5 ? what is the current stable version of PHP ? what advance thing in php6

Answers : 2

The current stable version of PHP is PHP 5.4.11 on 2013-01-17 as still waiting for PHP6 with unicode handlig thing
There are lot of difference among PHP3 and PHP4 and PHP5 version of php so Difference mean oldest version have less functionality as compare to new one like

Questions:3 Is variable name casesensitive ? could we start a variale with number like $4name ? What is the difference between $name and $$name?

Answer : 3 Yes variable name casesensitive and we can not start a variable with number like $4name as A valid variable name starts with a letter or underscore, followed by any number of letters, numbers, or underscores.
where as $$ is variable of variable $name is variable where as $$name is variable of variable
like $name=sonia and $$name=singh so $sonia value is singh.

Questions:4 What is use of header() function in php ? What the Limitation of HEADER()?

Answers : 4

In PHP Important to notice the Limitation of HEADER() function is that header() must be called before any actual output is send. Means must use header function before HTML or any echo stateament
There are Number of Use of HEADER() function in php like below
1> The header() function use to sends a raw HTTP header to a client.
2> We can use herder() function for redirection of pages.
3> Use for refresh the page on given time interval automatically.
4> To send email header content like cc, bcc , reply to etc data and lot more .

Questions: 5 How can we extract string "pcds.co.in" from a string "http://info@pcds.co.in" using regular expression of PHP? More on Reg can you explain

Answers : 5

We can extract string "pcds.co.in" using this
preg_match("/^http:\/\/.+@(.+)$/","http://info@pcds.co.in",$matches);
echo $matches[1];
More On regular expression interview question with very nice examples in

Questions : 6 How do you connet mysql database with PHP ?

Answer : 6

We can connect Mysql Database with PHP using both Procedural and Object oriented style like below
$link = mysqli_connect("localhost", "username", "password", "dbofpcds");

$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "username", "password", "dbname");
and in old type of connectivity were
$link = mysql_connect("localhost", "username", "password");
mysql_select_db("database",$link);

Questions : 7 In how many ways we can retrieve the data in the result set of
MySQL using PHP? What is the difference between mysql_fetch_object and mysql_fetch_array ?

Answers : 7

we can retrieve the data in the result set of MySQL using PHP in 4 Ways
1. mysqli_fetch_row >> Get a result row as an enumerated array
2. mysqli_fetch_array >> Fetch a result row as associative and numeric array
3.mysqli_fetch_object >> Returns the current row of a result set as an object
4. mysqli_fetch_assoc >> Fetch a result row as an associative array
mysqli_fetch_object() is similar to mysqli_fetch_array(), with one difference -
an object is returned, instead of an array. Indirectly, that means that
we can only access the data by the field names, and not by their
offsets (numbers are illegal property names).

Questions : 8 How can we create a database using PHP and MySQL?

Answers : 8 We can create MySQL database with the use of
mysql_create_db("Database Name")

Questions : 9 What are the differences between require and include?

Answers : 9 Both include and require used to include a file but when included file not found
Include send Warning where as Require send Fatal Error .

Questions : 10 Can we use include ("xyz.PHP") two times in a PHP page "index.PHP"?

Answers : 10 Yes we can use include("xyz.php") more than one time in any page. but it create a prob when xyz.php file contain some funtions declaration then error will come for already declared function in this file else not a prob like if you want to show same content two time in page then must incude it two time not a prob

Questions : 11 What are the different tables(Engine) present in MySQL, which one is default?

Answers : 11 Following tables (Storage Engine) we can create
1. MyISAM(The default storage engine IN MYSQL Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. The files have names that begin with the table name and have an extension to indicate the file type. An .frm file stores the table format. The data file has an .MYD (MYData) extension. The index file has an .MYI (MYIndex) extension. )
2. InnoDB(InnoDB is a transaction-safe (ACID compliant) storage engine for MySQL that has commit, rollback, and crash-recovery capabilities to protect user data.)
3. Merge
4. Heap (MEMORY)(The MEMORY storage engine creates tables with contents that are stored in memory. Formerly, these were known as HEAP tables. MEMORY is the preferred term, although HEAP remains supported for backward compatibility. )
5. BDB (BerkeleyDB)(Sleepycat Software has provided MySQL with the Berkeley DB transactional storage engine. This storage engine typically is called BDB for short. BDB tables may have a greater chance of surviving crashes and are also capable of COMMIT and ROLLBACK operations on transactions)
6. EXAMPLE
7. FEDERATED (It is a storage engine that accesses data in tables of remote databases rather than in local tables. )
8. ARCHIVE (The ARCHIVE storage engine is used for storing large amounts of data without indexes in a very small footprint. )
9. CSV (The CSV storage engine stores data in text files using comma-separated values format.)
10. BLACKHOLE (The BLACKHOLE storage engine acts as a "black hole" that accepts data but throws it away and does not store it. Retrievals always return an empty result)

Questions : 12 What are the differences between Get and post methods.

Answers : 12

There are some defference between GET and POST method
1. GET Method have some limit like only 2Kb data able to send for request
But in POST method unlimited data can we send
2. when we use GET method requested data show in url but
Not in POST method so POST method is good for send sensetive request

Questions : 13 How can I execute a PHP script using command line?

Answers : 13 Just run the PHP CLI (Command Line Interface) program and
provide the PHP script file name as the command line argument.

Questions : 14 Suppose your Zend engine supports the mode <? ?> Then how can u
configure your PHP Zend engine to support <?PHP ?> mode ?

Answers : 14 In php.ini file:
set
short_open_tag=on
to make PHP support

Questions : 15 Shopping cart online validation i.e. how can we configure Paypal,
etc.?

Answers : 15 Nothing more we have to do only redirect to the payPal url after
submit all information needed by paypal like amount,adresss etc.

Questions : 16 What is meant by nl2br()?

Answers : 16 Inserts HTML line breaks (<BR />) before all newlines in a string.

Questions : 17 What is htaccess? Why do we use this and Where?

Answers : 17 .htaccess files are configuration files of Apache Server which provide
a way to make configuration changes on a per-directory basis. A file,
containing one or more configuration directives, is placed in a particular
document directory, and the directives apply to that directory, and all
subdirectories thereof.

Questions : 18 How we get IP address of client, previous reference page etc ?

Answers : 18 By using $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'],$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] etc.

Questions : 19 What are the reasons for selecting lamp (Linux, apache, MySQL,
PHP) instead of combination of other software programs, servers and
operating systems?

Answers : 19 All of those are open source resource. Security of Linux is very
very more than windows. Apache is a better server that IIS both in
functionality and security. MySQL is world most popular open source
database. PHP is more faster that asp or any other scripting language.

Questions : 20 How can we encrypt and decrypt a data present in a MySQL table
using MySQL?

Answers : 20 AES_ENCRYPT () and AES_DECRYPT ()

Questions : 21 How can we encrypt the username and password using PHP?

Answers : 21

The functions in this section perform encryption and decryption, and
compression and uncompression:

encryption	decryption
AES_ENCRYT()	AES_DECRYPT()
ENCODE()	DECODE()
DES_ENCRYPT()	DES_DECRYPT()
ENCRYPT()	Not available
MD5()	Not available
OLD_PASSWORD()	Not available
PASSWORD()	Not available
SHA() or SHA1()	Not available
Not available	UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH()

Questions : 22 What are the features and advantages of object-oriented
programming?

Answers : 22 One of the main advantages of OO programming is its ease of
modification; objects can easily be modified and added to a system there
by reducing maintenance costs. OO programming is also considered to be
better at modeling the real world than is procedural programming. It
allows for more complicated and flexible interactions. OO systems are
also easier for non-technical personnel to understand and easier for
them to participate in the maintenance and enhancement of a system
because it appeals to natural human cognition patterns.
For some systems, an OO approach can speed development time since many
objects are standard across systems and can be reused. Components that
manage dates, shipping, shopping carts, etc. can be purchased and easily
modified for a specific system

Questions : 23 What are the differences between procedure-oriented languages and
object-oriented languages?

Answers : 23 There are lot of difference between procedure language and object oriented like below
1>Procedure language easy for new developer but complex to understand whole software as compare to object oriented model
2>In Procedure language it is difficult to use design pattern mvc , Singleton pattern etc but in OOP you we able to develop design pattern
3>IN OOP language we able to ree use code like Inheritance ,polymorphism etc but this type of thing not available in procedure language on that our Fonda use COPY and PASTE .

Questions : 24 What is the use of friend function?

Answers : 24 Sometimes a function is best shared among a number of different
classes. Such functions can be declared either as member functions of
one class or as global functions. In either case they can be set to be
friends of other classes, by using a friend specifier in the class that
is admitting them. Such functions can use all attributes of the class
which names them as a friend, as if they were themselves members of that
class.
A friend declaration is essentially a prototype for a member function,
but instead of requiring an implementation with the name of that class
attached by the double colon syntax, a global function or member
function of another class provides the match.

Questions : 25 What are the differences between public, private, protected,
static, transient, final and volatile?

Answer : 25 Public: Public declared items can be accessed everywhere.
Protected: Protected limits access to inherited and parent
classes (and to the class that defines the item).
Private: Private limits visibility only to the class that defines
the item.
Static: A static variable exists only in a local function scope,
but it does not lose its value when program execution leaves this scope.
Final: Final keyword prevents child classes from overriding a
method by prefixing the definition with final. If the class itself is
being defined final then it cannot be extended.
transient: A transient variable is a variable that may not
be serialized.
volatile: a variable that might be concurrently modified by multiple
threads should be declared volatile. Variables declared to be volatile
will not be optimized by the compiler because their value can change at
any time.

Questions : 26 What are the different types of errors in PHP?

Answer : 26 Three are three types of errors:1. Notices: These are trivial,
non-critical errors that PHP encounters while executing a script â€“ for
example, accessing a variable that has not yet been defined. By default,
such errors are not displayed to the user at all â€“ although, as you will
see, you can change this default behavior.2. Warnings: These are more serious errors â€“ for example, attempting
to include() a file which does not exist. By default, these errors are
displayed to the user, but they do not result in script termination.3. Fatal errors: These are critical errors â€“ for example,
instantiating an object of a non-existent class, or calling a
non-existent function. These errors cause the immediate termination of
the script, and PHP's default behavior is to display them to the user
when they take place.

Questions : 27 What is the functionality of the function strstr and stristr?

Answers : 27 strstr Returns part of string from the first occurrence of needle(sub string that we finding out ) to the end of string.
$email= 'sonialouder@gmail.com';
$domain = strstr($email, '@');
echo $domain; // prints @gmail.com
here @ is the needle
stristr is case-insensitive means able not able to diffrenciate between a and A

Questions : 28 How can we submit a form without a submit button?

Answer : 28 Java script submit() function is used for submit form without submit button
on click call document.formname.submit()

Questions : 29 How can we convert asp pages to PHP pages?

Answer : 29 there are lots of tools available for asp to PHP conversion. you can
search Google for that. the best one is available at http://asp2php.naken.cc./

Questions : 30 What is the functionality of the function htmlentities?

Answer : 30 Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities
This function is identical to htmlspecialchars() in all ways, except
with htmlentities(), all characters which have HTML character entity
equivalents are translated into these entities.

Questions : 31 How can we get second of the current time using date function?

Answer : 31 $second = date("s");

Questions : 32 How can we convert the time zones using PHP?

Answer : 32 For convert the time zones using PHP we have to first set time zone
By using PHP function date_default_timezone_set()
If we want to set time zone of 'Europe/London' we have to call this funtion as
date_default_timezone_set('Europe/London')
so Now generate the timestamp for that particular timezone, on Sept 1st, 2012 at 8 am
$pcds = mktime(8, 0, 0, 9, 1, 2012);
Now set the other timezone like US/Eastern
date_default_timezone_set('US/Eastern');
date(DATE_RFC1123, $pcds) date(DATE_RFC1123, $pcds)
Output the date in a standard format (RFC1123)

Questions : 33 What is meant by urlencode and urldocode?

Answer : 33

URLencode returns a string in which all non-alphanumeric characters
except -_. have been replaced with a percent (%)
sign followed by two hex digits and spaces encoded as plus (+)
signs. It is encoded the same way that the posted data from a WWW form
is encoded, that is the same way as in application/x-www-form-urlencoded media type.

urldecode decodes any %##
encoding in the given string.

Questions : 34 What is the difference between the functions unlink and unset?

Answer : 34 unlink() deletes the given file from the file system.
unset() makes a variable undefined.

Questions : 35 How can we register the variables into a session?

Answer : 35 $_SESSION['name'] = "sonia";

Questions : 36 How can we get the properties (size, type, width, height) of an
image using PHP image functions?

Answer : 36 To know the Image type use exif_imagetype () function
To know the Image size use getimagesize () function
To know the image width use imagesx () function
To know the image height use imagesy() function t

Questions : 37 How can we get the browser properties using PHP?

Answer : 37 By using $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] variable.

Questions : 38 What is the maximum size of a file that can be uploaded using PHP
and how can we change this?

Answer : 38 By default the maximum size is 2MB. and we can change the following
setup at php.iniupload_max_filesize = 2M

Questions : 39 How can we increase the execution time of a PHP script?

Answer : 39 by changing the following setup at php.inimax_execution_time = 30
; Maximum execution time of each script, in seconds

Questions : 40 How can we take a backup of a MySQL table and how can we restore
it. ?

Answer : 40 To backup: BACKUP TABLE tbl_name[,tbl_nameâ€¦] TO
'/path/to/backup/directory'
RESTORE TABLE tbl_name[,tbl_nameâ€¦] FROM '/path/to/backup/directory'mysqldump: Dumping Table Structure and DataUtility to dump a database or a collection of database for backup or
for transferring the data to another SQL server (not necessarily a MySQL
server). The dump will contain SQL statements to create the table and/or
populate the table.
-t, â€“no-create-info
Don't write table creation information (the CREATE TABLE statement).
-d, â€“no-data
Don't write any row information for the table. This is very useful if
you just want to get a dump of the structure for a table!

Questions : 41 How can we optimize or increase the speed of a MySQL select
query?

Answer : 41

first of all instead of using select * from table1, use select
column1, column2, column3.. from table1
Look for the opportunity to introduce index in the table you are
querying.
use limit keyword if you are looking for any specific number of
rows from the result set.

Questions : 42 How many ways can we get the value of current session id?

Answer : 42 session_id() returns the session id for the current session.

Questions : 43 How can we destroy the session, how can we unset the variable of
a session?

Answer : 43 session_unregister â€” Unregister a global variable from the current
session
session_unset â€” Free all session variables

Questions : 44 How can we set and destroy the cookie n php?

Answer : 44 By using setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain); function we can set the cookie in php ;
Set the cookies in past for destroy. like
setcookie("user", "sonia", time()+3600); for set the cookie
setcookie("user", "", time()-3600); for destroy or delete the cookies;

Questions : 45 How many ways we can pass the variable through the navigation
between the pages?

Answer : 45

GET/QueryString
POST

Questions : 46 What is the difference between ereg_replace() and eregi_replace()?

Answer : 46 eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace() except that
this ignores case distinction when matching alphabetic
characters.eregi_replace() function is identical to ereg_replace()
except that this ignores case distinction when matching alphabetic
characters.

Questions : 47 What are the different functions in sorting an array?

Answer : 47 Sort(), arsort(),
asort(), ksort(),
natsort(), natcasesort(),
rsort(), usort(),
array_multisort(), and
uksort().

Questions : 48 How can we know the count/number of elements of an array?

Answer : 48 2 ways
a) sizeof($urarray) This function is an alias of count()
b) count($urarray)

Questions : 49 what is session_set_save_handler in PHP?

Answer : 49 session_set_save_handler() sets the user-level session storage functions which are used for storing and retrieving data associated with a session. This is most useful when a storage method other than those supplied by PHP sessions is preferred. i.e. Storing the session data in a local database.

Questions : 50 How can I know that a variable is a number or not using a
JavaScript?

Answer : 50 bool is_numeric ( mixed var)
Returns TRUE if var is a number or a numeric string, FALSE otherwise.or use isNaN(mixed var)The isNaN() function is used to check if a value is not a number.

Questions : 51 List out some tools through which we can draw E-R diagrams for
mysql.

Answer : 51 Case Studio
Smart Draw

Questions : 52 How can I retrieve values from one database server and store them
in other database server using PHP?

Answer : 52 we can always fetch from one database and rewrite to another. here
is a nice solution of it.$db1 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")
mysql_select_db("db1", $db1);
$res1 = mysql_query("query",$db1);$db2 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")
mysql_select_db("db2", $db2);
$res2 = mysql_query("query",$db2);At this point you can only fetch records from you previous ResultSet,
i.e $res1 â€“ But you cannot execute new query in $db1, even if you
supply the link as because the link was overwritten by the new db.so at this point the following script will fail
$res3 = mysql_query("query",$db1); //this will failSo how to solve that? take a look below.
$db1 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd")
mysql_select_db("db1", $db1);
$res1 = mysql_query("query",$db1);
$db2 = mysql_connect("host","user","pwd", true)
mysql_select_db("db2", $db2);
$res2 = mysql_query("query",$db2);
So mysql_connect has another optional boolean parameter which
indicates whether a link will be created or not. as we connect to the
$db2 with this optional parameter set to 'true', so both link will
remain live.
now the following query will execute successfully.
$res3 = mysql_query("query",$db1);

Questions : 53 List out the predefined classes in PHP?

Answer : 53 Directory
stdClass
__PHP_Incomplete_Class
exception
php_user_filter

Questions : 54 How can I make a script that can be bi-language (supports
English, German)?

Answer : 54 You can maintain two separate language file for each of the
language. all the labels are putted in both language files as variables
and assign those variables in the PHP source. on runtime choose the
required language option.

Questions : 55 What are the difference between abstract class and interface?

Answer : 55 Abstract class: abstract classes are the class where one or more
methods are abstract but not necessarily all method has to be abstract.
Abstract methods are the methods, which are declare in its class but not
define. The definition of those methods must be in its extending class.Interface: Interfaces are one type of class where all the methods are
abstract. That means all the methods only declared but not defined. All
the methods must be define by its implemented class.

Questions : 56 How can we send mail using JavaScript?

Answer : 56 JavaScript does not have any networking capabilities as it is
designed to work on client site. As a result we can not send mails using
JavaScript. But we can call the client side mail protocol mailto
via JavaScript to prompt for an email to send. this requires the client
to approve it.

Questions : 57 How can we repair a MySQL table?

Answer : 57 The syntex for repairing a MySQL table is
REPAIR TABLENAME, [TABLENAME, ], [Quick],[Extended]
This command will repair the table specified if the quick is given the
MySQL will do a repair of only the index tree if the extended is given
it will create index row by row

Questions : 58 What are the advantages of stored procedures, triggers, indexes?

Answer : 58 A stored procedure is a set of SQL commands that can be compiled and
stored in the server. Once this has been done, clients don't need to
keep re-issuing the entire query but can refer to the stored procedure.
This provides better overall performance because the query has to be
parsed only once, and less information needs to be sent between the
server and the client. You can also raise the conceptual level by having
libraries of functions in the server. However, stored procedures of
course do increase the load on the database server system, as more of
the work is done on the server side and less on the client (application)
side.Triggers will also be implemented. A trigger is effectively a type of
stored procedure, one that is invoked when a particular event occurs.
For example, you can install a stored procedure that is triggered each
time a record is deleted from a transaction table and that stored
procedure automatically deletes the corresponding customer from a
customer table when all his transactions are deleted.Indexes are used to find rows with specific column values quickly.
Without an index, MySQL must begin with the first row and then read
through the entire table to find the relevant rows. The larger the
table, the more this costs. If the table has an index for the columns in
question, MySQL can quickly determine the position to seek to in the
middle of the data file without having to look at all the data. If a
table has 1,000 rows, this is at least 100 times faster than reading
sequentially. If you need to access most of the rows, it is faster to
read sequentially, because this minimizes disk seeks.

Questions : 59 What is the maximum length of a table name, database name, and
fieldname in MySQL?

Answer : 59

The following table describes the maximum length for each type of
identifier.

Identifier	Maximum Length (bytes)
Database	64
Table	64
Column	64
Index	64
Alias	255

There are some restrictions on the characters that may appear in
identifiers:

Questions : 60 How many values can the SET function of MySQL take?

Answer : 60 MySQL set can take zero or more values but at the maximum it can
take 64 values

Questions : 61 What are the other commands to know the structure of table using
MySQL commands except explain command?

Answer : 61 describe Table-Name;

Questions : 62 How many tables will create when we create table, what are they?

Answer : 62 The '.frm' file stores the table definition.
The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.
The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension,

Questions : 63 What is the purpose of the following files having extensions 1) .frm
2) .myd 3) .myi? What do these files contain?

Answer : 63 In MySql, the default table type is MyISAM.
Each MyISAM table is stored on disk in three files. The files have names
that begin with the table name and have an extension to indicate the
file type.
The '.frm' file stores the table definition.
The data file has a '.MYD' (MYData) extension.
The index file has a '.MYI' (MYIndex) extension,

Questions : 64 What is maximum size of a database in MySQL?

Answer : 64 If the operating system or filesystem places a limit on the number
of files in a directory, MySQL is bound by that constraint.The efficiency of the operating system in handling large numbers of
files in a directory can place a practical limit on the number of tables
in a database. If the time required to open a file in the directory
increases significantly as the number of files increases, database
performance can be adversely affected.
The amount of available disk space limits the number of tables.
MySQL 3.22 had a 4GB (4 gigabyte) limit on table size. With the MyISAM
storage engine in MySQL 3.23, the maximum table size was increased to
65536 terabytes (2567 â€“ 1 bytes). With this larger allowed table size,
the maximum effective table size for MySQL databases is usually
determined by operating system constraints on file sizes, not by MySQL
internal limits.The InnoDB storage engine maintains InnoDB tables within a tablespace
that can be created from several files. This allows a table to exceed
the maximum individual file size. The tablespace can include raw disk
partitions, which allows extremely large tables. The maximum tablespace
size is 64TB.
The following table lists some examples of operating system file-size
limits. This is only a rough guide and is not intended to be definitive.
For the most up-to-date information, be sure to check the documentation
specific to your operating system.
Operating System File-size LimitLinux 2.2-Intel 32-bit 2GB (LFS: 4GB)
Linux 2.4+ (using ext3 filesystem) 4TB
Solaris 9/10 16TB
NetWare w/NSS filesystem 8TB
Win32 w/ FAT/FAT32 2GB/4GB
Win32 w/ NTFS 2TB (possibly larger)
MacOS X w/ HFS+ 2TB

Questions : 65 Give the syntax of Grant and Revoke commands?

Answer : 65 The generic syntax for grant is as following
> GRANT [rights] on [database/s] TO [username@hostname] IDENTIFIED BY
[password]
now rights can be
a) All privileges
b) combination of create, drop, select, insert, update and delete etc.We can grant rights on all databse by using *.* or some specific
database by database.* or a specific table by database.table_name
username@hotsname can be either username@localhost, username@hostname
and username@%
where hostname is any valid hostname and % represents any name, the *.*
any condition
password is simply the password of userThe generic syntax for revoke is as following
> REVOKE [rights] on [database/s] FROM [username@hostname]
now rights can be as explained above
a) All privileges
b) combination of create, drop, select, insert, update and delete etc.
username@hotsname can be either username@localhost, username@hostname
and username@%
where hostname is any valid hostname and % represents any name, the *.*
any condition

Questions : 66 Explain Normalization concept?

Answer : 66 The normalization process involves getting our data to conform to
three progressive normal forms, and a higher level of normalization
cannot be achieved until the previous levels have been achieved (there
are actually five normal forms, but the last two are mainly academic and
will not be discussed).First Normal FormThe First Normal Form (or 1NF) involves removal of redundant data
from horizontal rows. We want to ensure that there is no duplication of
data in a given row, and that every column stores the least amount of
information possible (making the field atomic).Second Normal FormWhere the First Normal Form deals with redundancy of data across a
horizontal row, Second Normal Form (or 2NF) deals with redundancy of
data in vertical columns. As stated earlier, the normal forms are
progressive, so to achieve Second Normal Form, your tables must already
be in First Normal Form.Third Normal Form I have a confession to make; I do not often use Third Normal Form. In
Third Normal Form we are looking for data in our tables that is not
fully dependant on the primary key, but dependant on another value in
the table

Questions : 67 How can we find the number of rows in a table using MySQL?

Answer : 67 Use this for mysql
>SELECT COUNT(*) FROM table_name;

Questions : 68 How can we find the number of rows in a result set using PHP?

Answer : 68 $result = mysql_query($sql, $db_link); $num_rows = mysql_num_rows($result); echo "$num_rows rows found";

Questions : 69 How many ways we can we find the current date using MySQL?

Answer : 69 SELECT CURDATE();
CURRENT_DATE() = CURDATE()
for time use
SELECT CURTIME();
CURRENT_TIME() = CURTIME()

Questions : 70 What are the advantages and disadvantages of Cascading Style
Sheets?

Answer : 70 External Style SheetsAdvantagesCan control styles for multiple documents at once. Classes can be
created for use on multiple HTML element types in many documents.
Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex
contextsDisadvantagesAn extra download is required to import style information for each
document The rendering of the document may be delayed until the external
style sheet is loaded Becomes slightly unwieldy for small quantities of
style definitionsEmbedded Style Sheets Advantages
Classes can be created for use on multiple tag types in the document.
Selector and grouping methods can be used to apply styles under complex
contexts. No additional downloads necessary to receive style information
Disadvantages
This method can not control styles for multiple documents at once
Inline Styles
Advantages
Useful for small quantities of style definitions. Can override other
style specification methods at the local level so only exceptions need
to be listed in conjunction with other style methods
Disadvantages
Does not distance style information from content (a main goal of
SGML/HTML). Can not control styles for multiple documents at once.
Author can not create or control classes of elements to control multiple
element types within the document. Selector grouping methods can not be
used to create complex element addressing scenarios

Questions : 71 What type of inheritance that PHP supports?

Answer : 71 In PHP an extended class is always dependent on a single base class,
that is, multiple inheritance is not supported. Classes are extended
using the keyword 'extends'.

Questions : 72 What is the difference between Primary Key and
Unique key?

Answer : 72 Primary Key: A column in a table whose values uniquely identify the
rows in the table. A primary key value cannot be NULL. Unique Key: Unique Keys are used to uniquely identify each row in the
table. There can be one and only one row for each unique key value. So
NULL can be a unique key.There can be only one primary key for a table but there can be more
than one unique for a table.

Question : 73 what is garbage collection? default time ? refresh time?

Answer : 73 Garbage Collection is an automated part of PHP , If the Garbage Collection process runs, it then analyzes any files in the /tmp for any session files that have not been accessed in a certain amount of time and physically deletes them. Garbage Collection process only runs in the default session save directory, which is /tmp. If you opt to save your sessions in a different directory, the Garbage Collection process will ignore it. the Garbage Collection process does not differentiate between which sessions belong to whom when run. This is especially important note on shared web servers. If the process is run, it deletes ALL files that have not been accessed in the directory. There are 3 PHP.ini variables, which deal with the garbage collector: PHP ini value name default session.gc_maxlifetime 1440 seconds or 24 minutes session.gc_probability 1 session.gc_divisor 100

Questions : 74 What are the advantages/disadvantages of MySQL and PHP?

Answer : 74 Both of them are open source software (so free of cost), support
cross platform. php is faster then ASP and JSP.

Questions : 75 What is the difference between GROUP BY and ORDER BY in Sql?

Answer : 75 ORDER BY [col1],[col2],â€¦,[coln]; Tels DBMS according to what columns
it should sort the result. If two rows will hawe the same value in col1
it will try to sort them according to col2 and so on.GROUP BY
[col1],[col2],â€¦,[coln]; Tels DBMS to group results with same value of
column col1. You can use COUNT(col1), SUM(col1), AVG(col1) with it, if
you want to count all items in group, sum all values or view average

Questions : 76 What is the difference between char and varchar data types?

Answer : 76 Set char to occupy n bytes and it will take n bytes even if u r
storing a value of n-m bytes
Set varchar to occupy n bytes and it will take only the required space
and will not use the n bytes
eg. name char(15) will waste 10 bytes if we store 'romharshan', if each char
takes a byte
eg. name varchar(15) will just use 5 bytes if we store 'romharshan', if each
char takes a byte. rest 10 bytes will be free.

Questions : 77 What is the functionality of md5 function in PHP?

Answer : 77 Calculate the md5 hash of a string. The hash is a 32-character
hexadecimal number. I use it to generate keys which I use to identify
users etc. If I add random no techniques to it the md5 generated now
will be totally different for the same string I am using.

Questions : 78 How can I load data from a text file into a table?

Answer : 78 you can use LOAD DATA INFILE file_name; syntax to load data
from a text file. but you have to make sure thata) data is delimited
b) columns and data matched correctly

Questions : 79 How can we know the number of days between two given dates using
MySQL?

Answer : 79 SELECT DATEDIFF("2007-03-07","2005-01-01");

Questions : 80 How can we know the number of days between two given dates using PHP?

Answer : 80 $date1 = date("Y-m-d");
$date2 = "2006-08-15";
$days = (strtotime($date1) - strtotime($date2)) / (60 * 60 * 24);

Questions : 81 How we load all classes that placed in different directory in one PHP File , means how to do auto load classes

Answer : 81 by using spl_autoload_register('autoloader::funtion');

Like below

class autoloader

{

public static function moduleautoloader($class)

{

$path = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/modules/{$class}.php";

if (is_readable($path)) require $path;

}

public static function daoautoloader($class)

{

$path = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/dataobjects/{$class}.php";

if (is_readable($path)) require $path;

}

public static function includesautoloader($class)

{

$path = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . "/includes/{$class}.php";

if (is_readable($path)) require $path;

}

}

spl_autoload_register('autoloader::includesautoloader');

spl_autoload_register('autoloader::daoautoloader');

spl_autoload_register('autoloader::moduleautoloader');

Questions : 82 How many types of Inheritances used in PHP and how we achieve it

Answer : 82 As far PHP concern it only support single Inheritance in scripting.
we can also use interface to achieve multiple inheritance.

Questions : 83 PHP how to know user has read the email?

Answers : 83 Using Disposition-Notification-To: in mailheader we can get read receipt.
Add the possibility to define a read receipt when sending an email.
Itâ€™s quite straightforward, just edit email.php, and add this at vars definitions:
var $readReceipt = null;
And then, at â€˜createHeaderâ€™ function add:
if (!empty($this->readReceipt)) {
$this->__header .= â€˜Disposition-Notification-To: â€˜ . $this->__formatAddress($this->readReceipt) . $this->_newLine;
}

Questions : 84 What are default session time and path?

Answers : 84 default session time in PHP is 1440 seconds or 24 minutes
Default session save path id temporary folder /tmp

Questions : 85 how to track user logged out or not? when user is idle ?

Answers : 85 By checking the session variable exist or not while loading th page. As the session will exist longer as till browser closes. The default behaviour for sessions is to keep a session open indefinitely and only to expire a session when the browser is closed. This behaviour can be changed in the php.ini file by altering the line session.cookie_lifetime = 0 to a value in seconds. If you wanted the session to finish in 5 minutes you would set this to session.cookie_lifetime = 300 and restart your httpd server.

Questions : 86 how to track no of user logged in ?

Answers : 86 whenever a user logs in track the IP, userID etc..and store it in a DB with a active flag while log out or sesion expire make it inactive. At any time by counting the no: of active records we can get the no: of visitors.

Questions : 87 in PHP for pdf which library used?

Answers : 87 The PDF functions in PHP can create PDF files using the PDFlib library With version 6, PDFlib offers an object-oriented API for PHP 5 in addition to the function-oriented API for PHP 4. There is also the Â» Panda module. FPDF is a PHP class which allows to generate PDF files with pure PHP, that is to say without using the PDFlib library. F from FPDF stands for Free: you may use it for any kind of usage and modify it to suit your needs. FPDF requires no extension (except zlib to activate compression and GD for GIF support) and works with PHP4 and PHP5.

Questions : 88 for image work which library?

Answers : 88 we will need to compile PHP with the GD library of image functions for this to work. GD and PHP may also require other libraries, depending on which image formats you want to work with.

Questions : 89 what is design pattern? explain all including singleton pattern?

Answers : 89

A design pattern is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design.
The Singleton design pattern allows many parts of a program to share a single resource without having to work out the details of the sharing themselves.

Questions : 90 what are magic methods?

Answers : 90 Magic methods are the members functions that is available to all the instance of class Magic methods always starts with "__". Eg. __construct All magic methods needs to be declared as public To use magic method they should be defined within the class or program scope Various Magic Methods used in PHP 5 are: __construct() __destruct() __set() __get() __call() __toString() __sleep() __wakeup() __isset() __unset() __autoload() __clone()

Questions : 91 what is magic quotes?

Answers : 91 Magic Quotes is a process that automagically escapes ncoming data to the PHP script. Itâ€™s preferred to code with magic quotes off and to instead escape the data at runtime, as needed. This feature has been DEPRECATED as of PHP 5.3.0 and REMOVED as of PHP 6.0.0. Relying on this feature is highly discouraged.

Questions : 92 what is cross site scripting? SQL injection?

Answers : 92 Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a type of computer security vulnerability typically found in web applications which allow code injection by malicious web users into the web pages viewed by other users. Examples of such code include HTML code and client-side scripts. SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits a security vulnerability occurring in the database layer of an application. The vulnerability is present when user input is either incorrectly filtered for string literal escape characters embedded in SQL statements or user input is not strongly typed and thereby unexpectedly executed

Questions : 93 what is URL rewriting?

Answers : 93 Using URL rewriting we can convert dynamic URl to static URL Static URLs are known to be better than Dynamic URLs because of a number of reasons 1. Static URLs typically Rank better in Search Engines. 2. Search Engines are known to index the content of dynamic pages a lot slower compared to static pages. 3. Static URLs are always more friendlier looking to the End Users. along with this we can use URL rewriting in adding variables [cookies] to the URL to handle the sessions.

Questions : 94 what is the major php security hole? how to avoid?

Answers : 94 1. Never include, require, or otherwise open a file with a filename based on user input, without thoroughly checking it first.
2. Be careful with eval() Placing user-inputted values into the eval() function can be extremely dangerous. You essentially give the malicious user the ability to execute any command he or she wishes!
3. Be careful when using register_globals = ON It was originally designed to make programming in PHP easier (and that it did), but misuse of it often led to security holes
4. Never run unescaped queries
5. For protected areas, use sessions or validate the login every time.
6. If you donâ€™t want the file contents to be seen, give the file a .php extension.

Questions : 95 whether PHP supports Microsoft SQL server ?

Answers : 95 The SQL Server Driver for PHP v1.0 is designed to enable reliable, scalable integration with SQL Server for PHP applications deployed on the Windows platform. The Driver for PHP is a PHP 5 extension that allows the reading and writing of SQL Server data from within PHP scripts. using MSSQL or ODBC modules we can access Microsoft SQL server.

Questions : 96 what is MVC? why its been used?

Answers : 96 Model-view-controller (MVC) is an architectural pattern used in software engineering. Successful use of the pattern isolates business logic from user interface considerations, resulting in an application where it is easier to modify either the visual appearance of the application or the underlying business rules without affecting the other. In MVC, the model represents the information (the data) of the application; the view corresponds to elements of the user interface such as text, checkbox items, and so forth; and the controller manages the communication of data and the business rules used to manipulate the data to and from the model. WHY ITS NEEDED IS 1 Modular separation of function 2 Easier to maintain 3 View-Controller separation means:
A â€” Tweaking design (HTML) without altering code B â€” Web design staff can modify UI without understanding code

Questions : 97 what is framework? how it works? what is advantage?

Answers : 97 In general, a framework is a real or conceptual structure intended to serve as a support or guide for the building of something that expands the structure into something useful. Advantages : Consistent Programming Model Direct Support for Security Simplified Development Efforts Easy Application Deployment and Maintenance

Questions : 98 what is CURL?

Answers : 98 CURL means Client URL Library
curl is a command line tool for transferring files with URL syntax, supporting FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, SCP, SFTP, TFTP, TELNET, DICT, LDAP, LDAPS and FILE. curl supports SSL certificates, HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP uploading, HTTP form based upload, proxies, cookies, user+password authentication (Basic, Digest, NTLM, Negotiate, kerberosâ€¦), file transfer resume, proxy tunneling and a busload of other useful tricks.
CURL allows you to connect and communicate to many different types of servers with many different types of protocols. libcurl currently supports the http, https, ftp, gopher, telnet, dict, file, and ldap protocols. libcurl also supports HTTPS certificates, HTTP POST, HTTP PUT, FTP uploading (this can also be done with PHPâ€™s ftp extension), HTTP form based upload, proxies, cookies, and user+password authentication.

Questions : 99 what is PDO ?

Answers : 99 The PDO ( PHP Data Objects ) extension defines a lightweight, consistent interface for accessing databases in PHP. if you are using the PDO API, you could switch the database server you used, from say PgSQL to MySQL, and only need to make minor changes to your PHP code.
While PDO has its advantages, such as a clean, simple, portable API but its main disadvantage is that it doesn't allow you to use all of the advanced features that are available in the latest versions of MySQL server. For example, PDO does not allow you to use MySQL's support for Multiple Statements.
Just need to use below code for connect mysql using PDO
try {
$dbh = new PDO("mysql:host=$hostname;dbname=databasename", $username, $password);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM employee";
foreach ($dbh->query($sql) as $row)
{
print $row['employee_name'] .' - '. $row['employee_age'] ;
}
}
catch(PDOException $e)
{
echo $e->getMessage();
}

Questions : 100 What is PHP's mysqli Extension?

Answers : 100 The mysqli extension, or as it is sometimes known, the MySQL improved extension, was developed to take advantage of new features found in MySQL systems versions 4.1.3 and newer. The mysqli extension is included with PHP versions 5 and later.
The mysqli extension has a number of benefits, the key enhancements over the mysql extension being:
=>Object-oriented interface
=>Support for Prepared Statements
=>Support for Multiple Statements
=>Support for Transactions
=>Enhanced debugging capabilities
=>Embedded server support

Large file upload not working on windows 7 - Solution

2013-07-24T23:39:00.001-07:00

If you’re like me, and you use Windows IIS, you’ve spent hours trying to figure out why your uploaded file won’t inherit the permissions needed to display correctly. Luckily, the answer is extremely easy and something most people would have never thought of.
The problem only happens when you use PHP to upload a file. When you upload a file, PHP sends the file to a temporary directory on the hard drive (for me it is C:\Windows\Temp) and then copies it over to it’s intended directory. Once the file has landed in the temporary directory, it is assigned the permissions of that directory. The problem is when Windows copies that file, it keeps the temporary directory’s permissions and doesn’t inherit your web directory’s permissions.
The easiest way to fix this problem is to add to the temporary directory your intended web directory’s permissions. There’s no need to erase the permissions already in the temporary directory, just add the web directory’s permissions to them. In other words, follow these steps

To change the permissions of your temporary upload directory, find the “upload_tmp_dir” in your php.ini file.
Set it to the directory of your choosing (outside your web folders of course) or leave it at default (for me it is C:\Windows\Temp).
Browse to this folder and add the permissions of your web folders to it.

That’s it! As you can see, its really simple and just a little trick the guys at PHP forgot to tell us.
And just so you know, if the two folders were on separate drives, you wouldn’t have this problem, and thus wouldn’t be reading this.

Short List of MySQL Commands

2013-07-23T23:43:00.002-07:00

Short List of MySQL Commands

Conventions used here:

MySQL key words are shown in CAPS
User-specified names are in small letters
Optional items are enclosed in square brackets [ ]
Items in parentheses must appear in the command, along with the parentheses
Items that can be repeated as often as desired are indicated by an ellipsis ...

Quoting in MySQL statments

Don't quote database, table, or column names
Don't quote column types or modifiers
Don't quote numerical values
Quote (single or double) non-numeric values
Quote file names and passwords
User names are NOT quoted in GRANT or REVOKE statements, but they are quoted in other statements.

General Commands
USE database_name
	Change to this database. You need to change to some database when you first connect to MySQL.

SHOW DATABASES
	Lists all MySQL databases on the system.

SHOW TABLES [FROM database_name]
	Lists all tables from the current database or from the database given in the command.

DESCRIBE table_name
SHOW FIELDS FROM table_name
SHOW COLUMNS FROM table_name
	These commands all give a list of all columns (fields) from the given table, along with column type and other info.

SHOW INDEX FROM table_name
	Lists all indexes from this tables.

SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('new_password')
	Allows the user to set his/her own password.


Table Commands
CREATE TABLE table_name (create_clause1, create_clause2, ...)
	Creates a table with columns as indicated in the create clauses.

	create_clause
	column name followed by column type, followed optionally by modifiers. For example, "gene_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY" (without the quotes) creates a column of type integer with the modifiers described below.

	create_clause modifiers
	AUTO_INCREMENT : each data record is assigned the next sequential number when it is given a NULL value. PRIMARY KEY : Items in this column have unique names, and the table is indexed automatically based on this column. One column must be the PRIMARY KEY, and only one column may be the PRIMARY KEY. This column should also be NOT NULL. NOT NULL : No NULL values are allowed in this column: a NULL generates an error message as the data is inserted into the table. DEFAULT value : If a NULL value is used in the data for this column, the default value is entered instead.

DROP TABLE table_name
	Removes the table from the database. Permanently! So be careful with this command!

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD (create_clause1, create_clause2, ...)
	Adds the listed columns to the table.

ALTER TABLE table_name DROP column_name
	Drops the listed columns from the table.

ALTER TABLE table_name MODIFY create_clause
	Changes the type or modifiers to a column. Using MODIFY means that the column keeps the same name even though its type is altered. MySQL attempts to convert the data to match the new type: this can cause problems.

ALTER TABLE table_name CHANGE column_name create_clause
	Changes the name and type or modifiers of a column. Using CHANGE (instead of MODIFY) implies that the column is getting a new name.

ALTER TABLE table_name ADD INDEX [index_name] (column_name1, column_name2, ...)
CREATE INDEX index_name ON table_name (column_name1, column_name2, ...)
	Adds an index to this table, based on the listed columns. Note that the order of the columns is important, because additional indexes are created from all subsets of the listed columns reading from left to write. The index name is optional if you use ALTER TABLE, but it is necesary if you use CREATE INDEX. Rarely is the name of an index useful (in my experience).


Data Commands
INSERT [INTO] table_name VALUES (value1, value2, ...)
	Insert a complete row of data, giving a value (or NULL) for every column in the proper order.

INSERT [INTO] table_name (column_name1, column_name2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...)
INSERT [INTO] table_name SET column_name1=value1, column_name2=value2, ...
	Insert data into the listed columns only. Alternate forms, with the SET form showing column assignments more explicitly.

INSERT [INTO] table_name (column_name1, column_name2, ...) SELECT list_of_fields_from_another_table FROM other_table_name WHERE where_clause
	Inserts the data resulting from a SELECT statement into the listed columns. Be sure the number of items taken from the old table match the number of columns they are put into!

DELETE FROM table_name WHERE where_clause
	Delete rows that meet the conditions of the where_clause. If the WHERE statement is omitted, the table is emptied, although its structure remains intact.

UPDATE table_name SET column_name1=value1, column_name2=value2, ... [WHERE where_clause]
	Alters the data within a column based on the conditions in the where_clause.

LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'path to external file' INTO TABLE table_name
	Loads data from the listed file into the table. The default assumption is that fields in the file are separated by tabs, and each data record is separated from the others by a newline. It also assumes that nothing is quoted: quote marks are considered to be part of the data. Also, it assumes that the number of data fields matches the number of table columns. Columns that are AUTO_INCREMENT should have NULL as their value in the file.

LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE 'path to external file' [FIELDS TERMINATED BY 'termination_character'] [FIELDS ENCLOSED BY 'quoting character'] [LINES TERMINATED BY 'line termination character'] FROM table_name
	Loads data from the listed file into the table, using the field termination character listed (default is tab \t), and/or the listed quoting character (default is nothing), and/or the listed line termination chacracter (default is a newline \n).

SELECT column_name1, column_name2, ... INTO OUTFILE 'path to external file' [FIELDS TERMINATED BY 'termination_character'] [FIELDS ENCLOSED BY 'quoting character'] [LINES TERMINATED BY 'line termination character'] FROM table_name [WHERE where_clause]
	Allows you to move data from a table into an external file. The field and line termination clauses are the same as for LOAD above. Several tricky features: Note the positions of the table_name and where_clause, after the external file is given. You must use a complete path, not just a file name. Otherwise MySQL attempts to write to the directory where the database is stored, where you don't have permission to write. The user who is writing the file is 'mysql', not you! This means that user 'mysql' needs permission to write to the directory you specify. The best way to do that is to creat a new directory under your home directory, then change the directory's permission to 777, then write to it. For example: mkdir mysql_output, chmod 777 mysql_output.



Privilege Commands
Most of the commands below require MySQL root access

*GRANT USAGE ON .* TO user_name@localhost [IDENTIFIED BY 'password']**
	Creates a new user on MySQL, with no rights to do anything. The IDENTIFED BY clause creates or changes the MySQL password, which is not necessarily the same as the user's system password. The @localhost after the user name allows usage on the local system, which is usually what we do; leaving this off allows the user to access the database from another system. User name NOT in quotes.

*GRANT SELECT ON .* TO user_name@localhost**
	In general, unless data is supposed to be kept private, all users should be able to view it. A debatable point, and most databases will only grant SELECT privileges on particular databases. There is no way to grant privileges on all databses EXCEPT specifically enumerated ones.

*GRANT ALL ON database_name. TO user_name@localhost**
	Grants permissions on all tables for a specific database (database_name.*) to a user. Permissions are for: ALTER, CREATE, DELETE, DROP, INDEX, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE.

FLUSH PRIVILEGES
	Needed to get updated privileges to work immediately. You need RELOAD privileges to get this to work.

SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('new_password')
	Allows the user to set his/her own password.

*REVOKE ALL ON [database_name.] FROM user_name@localhost**
	Revokes all permissions for the user, but leaves the user in the MySQL database. This can be done for all databases using "ON ", or for all tables within a specific databse, using "ON database_name.".

DELETE FROM mysql.user WHERE user='user_name@localhost'
	Removes the user from the database, which revokes all privileges. Note that the user name is in quotes here.

UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD('my_password') WHERE user='user_name'
	Sets the user's password. The PASSWORD function encrypts it; otherwise it will be in plain text.

SELECT user, host, password, select_priv, insert_priv, shutdown_priv, grant_priv FROM mysql.user
	A good view of all users and their approximate privileges. If there is a password, it will by an encrytped string; if not, this field is blank. Select is a very general privlege; insert allows table manipulation within a database; shutdown allows major system changes, and should only be usable by root; the ability to grant permissions is separate from the others.

SELECT user, host, db, select_priv, insert_priv, grant_priv FROM mysql.db
	View permissions for individual databases.

Sorting multiple arrays in PHP

2013-07-23T23:32:00.002-07:00

Example #1 Sorting multiple arrays


<?php
$ar1 = array(10, 100, 100, 0);

$ar2 = array(1, 3, 2, 4);

array_multisort($ar1, $ar2);


var_dump($ar1);var_dump($ar2);?>

Output

array(4) {
  [0]=> int(0)
  [1]=> int(10)
  [2]=> int(100)
  [3]=> int(100)
}
array(4) {
  [0]=> int(4)
  [1]=> int(1)
  [2]=> int(2)
  [3]=> int(3)
}

Example #2 Sorting multi-dimensional array


<?php
$ar = array(
       array("10", 11, 100, 100, "a"),
       array(   1,  2, "2",   3,   1)
      );

array_multisort($ar[0], SORT_ASC, SORT_STRING,
                $ar[1], SORT_NUMERIC, SORT_DESC);var_dump($ar);

?>

Output

array(2) {
  [0]=> array(5) {
    [0]=> string(2) "10"
    [1]=> int(100)
    [2]=> int(100)
    [3]=> int(11)
    [4]=> string(1) "a"
  }
  [1]=> array(5) {
    [0]=> int(1)
    [1]=> int(3)
    [2]=> string(1) "2"
    [3]=> int(2)
    [4]=> int(1)
  }
}

Example #3 Case insensitive sorting


<?php


$array = array('Alpha', 'atomic', 'Beta', 'bank');

$array_lowercase = array_map('strtolower', $array);


array_multisort($array_lowercase, SORT_ASC, SORT_STRING, $array);


print_r($array);

?>

The above example will output:

Array
(
    [0] => Alpha
    [1] => atomic
    [2] => bank
    [3] => Beta
)

Get Remote IP Address in PHP

2013-07-19T02:56:00.000-07:00

 Get Remote IP Address in PHP

function getRemoteIPAddress() {

    $ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];

    return $ip;

}

Static Menu Script in DHTML

2013-06-21T22:58:00.003-07:00

Add an elegant, visible-from-the-start static menu to your site with this script! Both the menu's dimensions and its static location on the page can be easily configured, making it a piece of cake to integrate the menu to conform to your site's layout. Definitely one of the better DHTML menu systems out there.

Step 1: Insert the following stylesheet into the <head> section of your page:

<STYLE TYPE="text/css">

</STYLE>

***************************************************************

Step 2: Insert the following into the <body> section of your page, outside any other tags:

<SCRIPT Language="Javascript1.2">

</SCRIPT>

Floating Division ( Table ) Php Script

2013-05-08T01:12:00.006-07:00

Floating Menu script

Simply insert the below code to the END of your document, right above the </BODY> tag.

<script>
if (!document.layers)
document.write('<div id="divStayTopLeft" style="position:absolute">')
</script>

<layer id="divStayTopLeft">


<table border="1" width="130" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
    <td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFCC">
      <p align="center"><b><font size="4">Menu</font></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
    <td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
      <p align="left"> <a href="http://www.dinamalar.com"> Dinamalar </a><br>
       <a href="http://www.google.co.in">Google</a><br>
       <a href="http://www.yahoo.com">Yahoo </a><br>
       <a href="#">FAQs</a><br>
       <a href="#">More Zone</a></td>
</tr>
</table>


</layer>

<script type="text/javascript">

//Enter "frombottom" or "fromtop"
var verticalpos="frombottom"

if (!document.layers)
document.write('</div>')

function JSFX_FloatTopDiv()
{
    var startX = 3,
    startY = 150;
    var ns = (navigator.appName.indexOf("Netscape") != -1);
    var d = document;
    function ml(id)
    {
        var el=d.getElementById?d.getElementById(id):d.all?d.all[id]:d.layers[id];
        if(d.layers)el.style=el;
        el.sP=function(x,y){this.style.left=x;this.style.top=y;};
        el.x = startX;
        if (verticalpos=="fromtop")
        el.y = startY;
        else{
        el.y = ns ? pageYOffset + innerHeight : document.body.scrollTop + document.body.clientHeight;
        el.y -= startY;
        }
        return el;
    }
    window.stayTopLeft=function()
    {
        if (verticalpos=="fromtop"){
        var pY = ns ? pageYOffset : document.body.scrollTop;
        ftlObj.y += (pY + startY - ftlObj.y)/8;
        }
        else{
        var pY = ns ? pageYOffset + innerHeight : document.body.scrollTop + document.body.clientHeight;
        ftlObj.y += (pY - startY - ftlObj.y)/8;
        }
        ftlObj.sP(ftlObj.x, ftlObj.y);
        setTimeout("stayTopLeft()", 10);
    }
    ftlObj = ml("divStayTopLeft");
    stayTopLeft();
}
JSFX_FloatTopDiv();
</script>

PHP mail Function

2013-04-24T04:48:00.001-07:00

The PHP mail() Function

The PHP mail() function is used to send emails from inside a script.
Syntax

mail(to,subject,message,headers,parameters)

Parameter	Description
to	Required. Specifies the receiver / receivers of the email
subject	Required. Specifies the subject of the email. Note: This parameter cannot contain any newline characters
message	Required. Defines the message to be sent. Each line should be separated with a LF (\n). Lines should not exceed 70 characters
headers	Optional. Specifies additional headers, like From, Cc, and Bcc. The additional headers should be separated with a CRLF (\r\n)
parameters	Optional. Specifies an additional parameter to the sendmail program

Note: For the mail functions to be available, PHP requires an installed and working email system. The program to be used is defined by the configuration settings in the php.ini file. Read more in our PHP Mail reference.

PHP Simple E-Mail

The simplest way to send an email with PHP is to send a text email.
In the example below we first declare the variables ($to, $subject, $message, $from, $headers), then we use the variables in the mail() function to send an e-mail:

<?php
$to = "someone@example.com";
$subject = "Test mail";
$message = "Hello! This is a simple email message.";
$from = "someonelse@example.com";
$headers = "From:" . $from;
mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);
echo "Mail Sent.";
?>

PHP Mail Form

With PHP, you can create a feedback-form on your website. The example below sends a text message to a specified e-mail address:

<html>
<body>

<?php
if (isset($_REQUEST['email']))
//if "email" is filled out, send email
  {
  //send email
  $email = $_REQUEST['email'] ;
  $subject = $_REQUEST['subject'] ;
  $message = $_REQUEST['message'] ;
  mail("someone@example.com", $subject,
  $message, "From:" . $email);
  echo "Thank you for using our mail form";
  }
else
//if "email" is not filled out, display the form
  {
  echo "<form method='post' action='mailform.php'>
  Email: <input name='email' type='text'><br>
  Subject: <input name='subject' type='text'><br>
  Message:<br>
  <textarea name='message' rows='15' cols='40'>
  </textarea><br>
  <input type='submit'>
  </form>";
  }
?>

</body>
</html>

This is how the example above works:

First, check if the email input field is filled out
If it is not set (like when the page is first visited); output the HTML form
If it is set (after the form is filled out); send the email from the form
When submit is pressed after the form is filled out, the page reloads, sees that the email input is set, and sends the email

Note: This is the simplest way to send e-mail, but it is not secure. In the next chapter of this tutorial you can read more about vulnerabilities in e-mail scripts, and how to validate user input to make it more secure.

PHP script for SMS sending

2013-04-11T23:30:00.004-07:00

<?
/*
Simple and easy for modification, PHP script for SMS sending through HTTP with you own Sender ID and delivery reports.
You just have to type your account information on www.2-waysms.com and upload file on server.
*/
?>

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>SMSER</title>
<style type="text/css">
body{
    font-family:"Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans Unicode", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    font-size:12px;
}
p, h1, form, button{border:0; margin:0; padding:0;}
.spacer{clear:both; height:1px;}
/* ----------- My Form ----------- */
.myform{
    margin:0 auto;
    width:300px;
    padding:14px;
}
/* ----------- stylized ----------- */
    #stylized{
        border:solid 2px #b7ddf2;
        background:#ebf4fb;
    }
    #stylized h1 {
        font-size:14px;
        font-weight:bold;
        margin-bottom:8px;
    }
    #stylized p{
        font-size:11px;
        color:#666666;
        margin-bottom:20px;
        border-bottom:solid 1px #b7ddf2;
        padding-bottom:10px;

}
    </style>
</head>

<body>
<?

    switch ($option) {

    case sendsms:
        if ($text == "") { echo "Error!<br>Text not entered<br><a href=\"javascript:history.back(-1)\">Go Back</a>"; die; } else { }
        if ($to == "") { echo "Error!<br>Number not entered<br><a href=\"javascript:history.back(-1)\">Go Back</a>"; die; } else { }

        $url = "http://www.2-waysms.com/sms.php";
        $postfields = array ("text" => "$text", // do not need to change
        "to" => "$to", // do not need to change
        "id" => "*****", // you ID in www.2-waysms.com accout
        "sec" => "****************************"); // your secret code in www.2-waysms.com account
        if (!$curld = curl_init()) {
        echo "Could not initialize cURL session.";
        exit;
        }
        curl_setopt($curld, CURLOPT_POST, true);
        curl_setopt($curld, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postfields);
        curl_setopt($curld, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
        curl_setopt($curld, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
        $output = curl_exec($curld);
        curl_close ($curld);
        $out = explode('|',$output);

        echo "Message Status: $out[1]";

        //Header("Location: $PHP_SELF");
    break;

    default:

    echo "<div id=\"stylized\" class=\"myform\">"
       ."<h1>Send Sms</h1>"
       ."<form method=post action=\"$PHP_SELF?option=sendsms\">"
       ."<table border=\"0\">"
       ."<tr>"
        ."<td>Number</td>"
        ."<td><input type=\"text\" name=\"to\"></td>"
       ."</tr>"
       ."<tr>"
        ."<td>Message</td>"
        ."<td><textarea rows=\"4\" cols=\"25\" name=\"text\"></textarea></td>"
       ."</tr>"
       ."<tr>"
        ."<td> </td>"
        ."<td><input type=submit name=submit value=Send>"
        ."<div class=\"spacer\"></div></td>"
       ."</tr>"
       ."</table>"
       ."</form>"
    ."</div>";

    }

?>
</body>
</html>

Calculate No Of Days Excluding Weekends

2013-04-04T00:00:00.003-07:00

   Calculate No Of Days Excluding Weekends

Count the number of days between two dates that exclude weekends as non work days

Count the no.Of Days between to days Excluding Sunday

$start = strtotime('2013-04-01');
$end = strtotime('2013-04-7');

while ($start <= $end) {
    if (date('N', $start) <= 6) {
     $days++;    }

   $start += 86400;
}
echo $days;

Count the no.Of Days between to days Excluding Sunday and Saturday

$start = strtotime('2013-04-01');
$end = strtotime('2013-04-7');

while ($start <= $end) {
    if (date('N', $start) <= 5) {
     $days++;    }

   $start += 86400;
}
echo $days;

Php Cookies

2013-03-30T00:09:00.000-07:00

How to Create a Cookie?

Syntax

setcookie(name, value, expire, path, domain);

Examples

In the example below, we will create a cookie named "user" and assign the value "Alex Porter" to it. We also specify that the cookie should expire after one hour:

<?php
setcookie("user", "Alex Porter", time()+3600);
?>
<html>
.....

You can also set the expiration time of the cookie in another way. It may be easier than using seconds.

<?php
$expire=time()+60*60*24*30;
setcookie("user", "Alex Porter", $expire);
?>

<html>
.....

In the example above the expiration time is set to a month (60 sec * 60 min * 24 hours * 30 days).

________________________________________________________

How to Retrieve a Cookie Value?

The PHP $_COOKIE variable is used to retrieve a cookie value.

<?php
// Print a cookie
echo $_COOKIE["user"];

// A way to view all cookies
print_r($_COOKIE);
?>

___________________________
<html>
<body>

<?php
if (isset($_COOKIE["user"]))
echo "Welcome " . $_COOKIE["user"] . "!<br>";
else
echo "Welcome guest!<br>";
?>

</body>
</html>

______________________________________________

How to Delete a Cookie?

<?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie("user", "", time()-3600);
?>

MySQL count matching words

2013-03-22T06:04:00.001-07:00

MySQL count matching words

Count No.Of Words in String - Mysql Syntax

If you only need to search for one term at a time, a function which does something like

select (len(field)-len(replace,find,''))/len(find)

would work in sql server, but I'm not sure about MySQL. You'd

also need to take care of the special case len(find) = 0

PHP - MYSQL

Calendar function in php - free coding

php.ini default timezone for Kolkatta

Everything is fine, but .php files not working

What is php? and please explain?

What is php? and please explain?

The explode Function in PHP

PHP Code:

Display:

explode Function - Setting a Limit

PHP Code:

Display:

Calling javascript function from php

Calling javascript function from php

Time Difference in Php

php function to remove special characters

Mysql Time Convert to GMT Format Example

Loops in PHP

Introduction to Loops in PHP

Using Loops in PHP

The While loop

The for loop

Breaking a loop

The continue statement

Nesting loops

PHP function to get age for date of birth

substring_index string function

substring_index string function

substring_index(string,"delimiter”,count )

userid@domainname.com

select email,substring_index(email,"@",-1) from newsletter_table

userid@aol.com aol.com onemore@gmail.com gmail.com

SELECT count(substring_index(email,"@",-1) ) as no, email FROM `newsletter_table` group by substring_index(email,"@",-1) order by no desc

Fixing slow Apache on localhost under Windows 7

PHP Interview Questions and Answers

Large file upload not working on windows 7 - Solution

Short List of MySQL Commands

Short List of MySQL Commands

Conventions used here:

Quoting in MySQL statments

Sorting multiple arrays in PHP

Get Remote IP Address in PHP

Static Menu Script in DHTML

Floating Division ( Table ) Php Script

PHP mail Function

The PHP mail() Function

PHP Simple E-Mail

PHP Mail Form

PHP script for SMS sending

Calculate No Of Days Excluding Weekends

Php Cookies

How to Create a Cookie?

Syntax

Examples

How to Retrieve a Cookie Value?

The PHP $_COOKIE variable is used to retrieve a cookie value.

<?php // Print a cookie echo $_COOKIE["user"]; // A way to view all cookies print_r($_COOKIE); ?>

___________________________<html> <body> <?php if (isset($_COOKIE["user"])) echo "Welcome " . $_COOKIE["user"] . "!<br>"; else echo "Welcome guest!<br>"; ?> </body> </html>

______________________________________________

How to Delete a Cookie?

<?php // set the expiration date to one hour ago setcookie("user", "", time()-3600); ?>

MySQL count matching words

userid@aol.com aol.com
onemore@gmail.com gmail.com

<?php
// Print a cookie
echo $_COOKIE["user"];

// A way to view all cookies
print_r($_COOKIE);
?>

___________________________
<html>
<body>

<?php
if (isset($_COOKIE["user"]))
echo "Welcome " . $_COOKIE["user"] . "!<br>";
else
echo "Welcome guest!<br>";
?>

</body>
</html>

<?php
// set the expiration date to one hour ago
setcookie("user", "", time()-3600);
?>