VegetarianInBoston

TIME for a PUBLIC OPTION on plantmilks?? Let's not WAIT UNTIL we get sick. Let's get our plantmilks NOW.

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Thu, 08 Aug 2019 20:02:00 +0000

TIME for a PUBLIC OPTION on plantmilks??
Let's not WAIT UNTIL we get sick.

Let's get our plantmilks NOW.

So MUCH competition in the plantmilk space is broadening opportunities for consumers to try an array of very different plantmilks (not all plantmilks are the same - in fact, NO plantmilks are the same as any other plantmilks; they ALL differ).

But if ACCESS to plantmilks is the issue, there are SOME locations - by zip code - where plantmilks are NOT immediately accessible to coffee drinkers, cereal eaters, and others who tipple at the extruded plants.

Arguably, all this competition in the plantmilk space may be great for consumers, but the price point BENEFITS of competition cannot be GREAT for the fiscal sustainability of all these risk-taking innovators.

Some plantmilk producers will WIN - and some may go out of business after they have done 'their yeoman's duty' to expand the market for plantmilks.

Is it not time for some public strategy for dispersing plantmilks among the ENTIRE human population - maybe granting plantmilk as a protected right - so that everyone can have some plantmilk when and where they need it, and so that the nation's farmers can know that there's a continuing demand for high quality organic non-GMO plants to supply this industrial demand for producing soymilk.

In nations outside the USA, a national healthcare plan can mandate universal coverage yet periodically open to competitive bidders for supplying the national 'right to healthcare'! A national right to plantmilks could be organized the same way without disemboweling competitors who want to continue producing. Those additional competitors would just not win the federal contract for supplying the public option, and the public option could be 95% powered by private industry efforts.

What MIGHT be DIFFERENT (and hopefully BETTER) would be ACCESS to nondairy plantmilks, nondairy cheeses, nondairy creamers, and (I think that this would be INESSENTIAL) nondairy desserts.

I'd wager that restaurants in THAT kind of economic regime would carry plantmilks as a rule because it's a right, not because they suddenly took pity on the paying consumer.

Those who declare 'SOY MILK IS A RIGHT' can build upon their public values.

Plantmilk availability COULD become or be declared ethically normative in such a society.

Today's Haymarket Haul - 06/10/2017

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Sat, 10 Jun 2017 22:47:00 +0000

Today's Haymarket Haul - 06/10/2017

2 extra jumbo cantaloupes - $1.00

5 extra large Portabello mushrooms - $1.00

6 lbs Rosebud carrots - $1.00

9 Anjou pears - $1.00

9 Bosc pears - $1.00

9 yellow bananas - $1.00

14 yellow summer squash - $1.00

21 luscious limes - $1.00

Total cost: $8.00 US

Total poundage: about 45 lbs of edible vegetables and fruits

More enjoyable, I saw and interacted with some of the vendors I really, really like!

The Nativity's Hope for All Creatures

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 07 Dec 2016 15:39:00 +0000

The Nativity's Hope for All Creatures

What makes the festive season so special is that sense of hope and expectation leading up to Christmas Day. Hope is a powerful emotion and few sights are able to inspire more hope than that of a new life entering the world.

Perhaps that is why the nativity scene is so timeless in its ability to evoke anticipation, optimism and promise. It was in fact St. Francis of Assisi who was credited with creating the first nativity display in 1223, turning the Biblical narrative into a living, breathing, noisy, smelly tableau that brought a once elusive retelling into vivid experience for the eyes.

Visibly today, from children’s school plays to Christmas cards, Church posters to product advertisements, this scene of the infant Christ in a manger surrounded by highly inquisitive farmyard animals is a firm part of our traditional Christmas celebrations.

Christmas underscores the emotive power of the amazing animals with which we share our world. A nativity image, no matter how sentimentally portrayed, reminds us of the beauty and innocence of these endlessly mysterious and familiar beings who live complex lives beyond our control or comprehension.

The birth of Christ is a prime opportunity to remember that Christmas is not just about humanity. Rather the arrival of the infant Christ promises cosmic, restorative consequences for the whole of creation.

The hope of the nativity challenges us to look beyond the darker side of our use and abuse of animals to a manger scene which compels us to live out the love, mercy, and compassion of Christ in the here and now.

Urgent Need to Green All Industrialization Globally

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Sun, 14 Aug 2016 21:09:00 +0000

Contemplate what industrialization allows to come into the environment from the individuals who own and/or control the use of that industrialization:

Israel’s targets included a 25% reduction of its 2005 greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 – limiting residents to 7.7 tons of carbon dioxide per capita. The government’s plan also involved making renewable energy resources responsible for 17% of the country’s electricity usage by 2030, as well as reducing overall electricity consumption by the same percentage. The targets also included a 20% decrease in private vehicle usage.

My thinking is, don't blame the nations as much as the ecologically TRAGIC state of industrialization, which requires MUCH more greening globally. Currently, industrialization is used for privately-controlled profits; whatever the rhetoric, private advantage is ADVANTAGED by currently ownership of industrialization.

If the public were not so negatively impacted by its use, such a condition MIGHT be tolerable; however, because the general public worldwide IS so negatively impacted by the use of industrializaed technologies in their currently 'un-greened' state, mere 'public buy-in' to their use (as in cellphone, computer, A/C, and vehicular use do NOT excuse the perpetuation of their unmitigated use without massively-funded and staffer programs to green those currently-tragic technologies and to migitage the harms that their widespread use cause to lots and lots of vulnerable persons, both human AND nonhuman.

Time is short. I would be interested (ONLY) in USEFUL and HISTORICALLY CONSTRUCTIVE comments on how we can move forward with greening all industrialization for life on this planet Earth.

Who does it best? Comparing the Energy Leaders on their EMIS and Environmental Performance

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 20 Jul 2016 18:02:00 +0000

Who does it best? Comparing the Energy Leaders on their EMIS and Environmental Performance

Four major ways solar installers can reduce soft costs

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Thu, 28 Apr 2016 18:09:00 +0000

Four major ways solar installers can reduce soft costs

Animal Ethics: Steven M. Wise on Legal Rights for Animals

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 08 Jul 2015 06:03:00 +0000

Animal Ethics: Steven M. Wise on Legal Rights for Animals: The legal rights of nonhuman animals might first be achieved in any of three ways. Most agree that the least likely will be through the re-...

Tweet my Tweet Button

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Sun, 14 Jun 2015 02:38:00 +0000

One-Third of Americans Have Dangerous Mix of Heart Risk Factors

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Fri, 22 May 2015 01:56:00 +0000

One-Third of Americans Have Dangerous Mix of Heart Risk Factors

Everything You Ever Needed to Know About Calcium (but Probably Didn’t) - UC Davis Integrative Medicine Program

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Fri, 08 May 2015 03:09:00 +0000

Everything You Ever Needed to Know About Calcium (but Probably Didn’t) - UC Davis Integrative Medicine Program

Clark Communications: English Editing for Non-Native Speakers of English...

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Mon, 27 Apr 2015 03:40:00 +0000

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Vegetarianism and the Salvation Army

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Sun, 05 Apr 2015 02:22:00 +0000

April 10th is considered Salvation Army "Founders' Day" - though sometimes July 1865 is considered the date of the founding of the Salvation Army.

"William Booth, born April 10, 1829, was a British Methodist preacher who founded The Salvation Army and became its first General (1878-1912)."

https://www.christiancourier.com/articles/618-analysis-of-the-salvation-army-an
http://www.amazon.com/Catherine-Booth-Biography-Cofounder-Salvation/dp/080105706X *
Vegetarian America: A History by Karen Iacobbo - page 133
http://www.victorianweb.org/religion/sa3.html ** from Boston, LINCOLNSHIRE, in England
http://www.curezone.org/forums/fm.asp?i=943526 ***
"Founders of Salvation Army were vegetarian, and wrote about why they thought Christians should emulate Jesus in nonviolent diet" ****
http://www.biographyonline.net/people/famous/vegetarians.html *****
http://thesalvationarmynova.blogspot.com/2015/02/salvation-army-founders-advocated.html ******
http://salvarmy.blogspot.com/ - Repeats what has already been posted (above) and may be the INTERMEDIATE source FOR the posting above
http://www.all-creatures.org/cva/famousveg.htm (the CVA page) *******
http://www.ivu.org/history/europe20a/william-booth.html (IVU page on religion and vegetarianism) ********
http://www.salvationarmyexpectchange.org/2015/01/23/salvation-army-founders-advocated-vegetarian-lifestyle/ (web author Kathy Lovin FROM the SA seems "convicted" about vegetarian diet and THE LOGICAL AND MORAL GROUNDS Booth's advocacy of vegetarianism - by her apologizing for her not strictly adhering to it) *********
http://salvationarmyusa.org/usn/history-of-the-salvation-army
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Salvation_Army
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/salvation-army-founded
http://www.salvationarmy.org/ihq/history
http://www.jesus-is-savior.com/Great%20Men%20of%20God/general_william_booth.htm
http://www.victorianweb.org/religion/sa1.html
https://www.christianhistoryinstitute.org/magazine/issue/william-and-catherine-booth-salvation-army-founders/
http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1863162,00.html
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Salvation+Army+Founder's+Day
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqISi0k-85I
http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/subdivisions/salvationarmy_1.shtml
https://archive.org/details/SchoolOfPrayer-FoundingOfTheSalvationArmy-WilliamBooth
http://learningtogive.org/papers/paper158.html

Most Helpful Customer Reviews

*Catherine Booth Was A Humane Saint !

By Brien Comerford on April 12, 2006 (Brien Comerford was from Boston)

Format: Paperback

Until I read this wondrous book, I had no idea that Catherine Booth, the conservative Co-Founder of the Slavation Army, embraced women's rights, animal rights and vegetarianism. The author provides many documented instances when Catherine would intervene and stop people from being cruel to dogs, horses, donkeys and oxen. He also mentions the Booth's and their Children loving an array of pets. I always knew that Catherine Booth was a groundbreaking Christian and Humanitarian, but Roger Green surprisingly informed me about Catherine Booth being an animal-loving vegetarian. Too bad today's Christian leaders have failed to emulate her reverence for all God's creatures' creed !

** Catherine Booth, known as the Mother of the Salvation Army, was one of the most extraordinary women of the Victorian era. She had firm convictions on a broad range of issues, such as social work among the poor and destitute, abstinence from alcohol, the legal age of consent for girls, vegetarianism, and the humane treatment of animals. She also held that women must have full equality with men in Christian ministry.

*** "General Booth treated alcoholism with vegetarian diet.. and found that this treatment severed the meat-alcohol chemical marriage. His success spread the Salvation Army around the world. )

**** GENERAL BRAMWELL BOOTH OF THE SALVATION ARMY ON VEGETARIAN DIET:

These passages are taken from a pamphlet written by General Bramwell Booth, former director General of the Salvation Army, and a son of founder General William Booth.

"Here are some of my reasons for doing so (becoming vegetarian):

1. Because I have myself tried a vegetarian diet with the greatest benefit having been for more than 10 years at l time a strict vegetarian.

2. Because according to the Bible God originally intended the food for humans to be vegetarian. (here he quotes Genesis 1:29 "Behold I have given

you herb yielding seed. To you it shall be for food.")

3. Because a vegetarian diet is favourable to purity, to chastity,and to

perfect control of the appetites and passions which are often a source of great temptation, especially to the young. (http://www.notmilk.com)

4. Because a vegetarian diet is favourable to robust health and strength. With very few exceptions, and these only confirmed invalids, I believe the people would be stronger....

5. Because tens of thousands of our poor people (could save money)...http://www.ivu.org

6. Because a vegetarian diet of wheat, oatmeal and other grains, lentils, peas, beans, nuts and similr food is more than ten times as economical as a flesh diet. Meat contains half its weight in water which has to be paid for as though it were meat. A vegetarian diet, even if we allow cheese, butter and milk will only cost about a quarter as much as a mixed diet of flesh and vegetables.

7. Because a vegetarian diet would stop the enormous waste of all kinds of animal food.

8. Because a vegetarian diet is a great protection against our drinking

(this belief of General Booth has been upheld by modern biochemistry research about the relationship of meat and alcohol)....

9. Because a vegetarian diet is favorable to industry and hard work...

10. Because it is proved that life, health, and happiness are all favoroued by a vegetarian diet.**

11. I favour a vegetarian diet because the digestive organs of humans are not well adapted to the use of flesh....

12. Because it is very difficult.. especially in hot weather and warm

climates to keep flesh food sweet long enough to cool and eat it and

a great deal of meat is eaten after it has begun to decay...

13. Because a great deal of the flesh meat which is supplied for human food is already diseased, and because it is nearly impossible to be sure than any flesh is quite free from the germs of disease. Much

common meat, which is often that of old animals, is well known to be sold to the butchers because the animals are sick, or unhealthy.

And the best meat is nearly always the flesh meat of young animals who are fattened and killed before the germs of many diseases have had time to develop so as to show themselves. So that many animals re killed, which though believed to be healthy, are really diseased.

This is especially the case with calves for veal, young bullocks for beef and with lambs and young pigs.

14. Because I believe that the great increase in consumption and cancer during the last hundred years has been caused by the great increase in the use of animal food, and that a strict vegetarian

diet would greatly help to ward off these most terrible and 'incurable' diseases.

15. Because I believe that a flesh diet brings on many very painful diseases, which though not perhaps immediately dangerous to life cause much suffering and loss. I mean such complaints as eczema, constipation, piles, worms, dysentery, severe heaches and the like. A vegetarian would do much to relieve if not cure them.

16 Because of the awful cruelty and terror to which tens of thousands (now billions)of animals killed for human food are subjected in

traveling long distance by ship and rail and road to the slaughterhouses of the world. God disapproves of all cruelty whether to man or beast.

17.Because of the terrible cruelties practised for killing animals in many slaughter houses. The whole busines of killing is cruel.. even when it is done with care, and we know that in the case of millions of creatures it is done with very little care. Ten thousand pigs are

killed for food every hour in Europe alone. (Now Oscar Mayer kills 1100 pigs an hour at their Madison Wisconsin plant.)

18. Because the occupation of slaughtering animals is brutalising to those who are required to do the work. "The highest sentiments of humane

men" says a certain writer, and I agree with him, "revolt at the cruelty, the degrading sights, the distressing cries, the perpetual

bloodshed, and all the attendant horrors which must surround the transit and slaughter of suffering creatures." *

19. Because a flesh diet is not necessary to hard work. A great part of the work of the world is done by animals which subsist on vegetable food..

namely, horses, mules, camels, oxen, etc.

I believe this matter is well worthy the serious consideration of Christian leaders. It has an important bearing not only on their own

health and happiness but upon their influence among the people, as men and women who are free from the bondage of that selfish gratification which so often afflicts the professed servants of Christ. Let us remember the Apostle's direction: 'Whether ye eat or drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God.' "

(published by the LVS 53 Marloes Rd. Kensington London UK W8)

(We copied from an old pamphlet.. to have the full text, write or webvisit the London Vegetarian Society)

*****

John Wesley (1703-1791) – Great preacher and founder of Methodism. Wesley advocated a plant based diet, for health reasons.

William Booth (1829 – 1912) – founder of Salvation Army. William Booth became a vegetarian and credited his diet with giving him the strength for a vigorous lifestyle and founding the Salvation Army.

******

Salvation Army Founders Advocated A Vegetarian Lifestyle

January is the time of year when many of us take stock of our habits and resolve to do better. Topping the list – as mentioned in my previous post – are health and fitness habits.

If you’re looking for some inspiration to make healthy change this year, look no further than The Salvation Army’s founders William and Catherine Booth and their family.

William Booth was born in 1829 and with his wife Catherine founded what would become The Salvation Army in the late 1850s. The Booths came from the Methodist tradition and – like many from their denomination – followed the vegetarian practices of John Wesley even though doing so was difficult in Victorian England.

Catherine was partial to vegetarianism and is credited with encouraging her husband to adopt the lifestyle too.

In fact, William Booth responded to a news reporter inquiry in 1909 that he believed his vegetable-based diet was key to helping him maintain his rigorous travel and speaking schedule into his 80s.

The Booth’s children were also active in the ministry of The Salvation Army and carried on the family’s commitment to vegetarianism. Especially Bramwell Booth who succeeded his father as General of The Salvation Army.

Read the full article here.

*******
William and Catherine Booth. Founders of the Salvation Army."It is a great delusion to suppose that flesh-meat of any kind is essential to health. Considerably more than three parts of the work in the world is done by men who never taste anything but vegetable, farinaceous food, and that of the simplest kind. There are more strength-producing properties in wholemeal flour, peas, beans, lentils, oatmeal, roots, and other vegetables of the same class, than there are beef or mutton, poultry or fish, or animal food of any description whatever."
(Orders and Regulations of the Officers of the Salvation Army)

********
Europe: early 20th Century
General William Booth (1829-1912)
Founder and first General of the Salvation Army.

From the Vegetarian Messenger (VSUK magazine):

May 1908:General Booth on Diet - The Daily News says :- "Before leaving Norwich to-day General Booth, during an interview with a press representative, was questioned as to his diet. The General said he could still enjoy a potato with a little butter and salt; but the human race had run wild with their eating. Instead of bringing their appetites down to their food they brought their food up to their appetites."

February 1909
General Booth. - one of the Dresden journalists had an interview with General Booth during his visit in the neighbourhood , and gave his report in the Dresden Auseiger . In answer the question how he managed to sustain so much hard work, and particularly so much public speaking at night, at his advanced age, the General replied :- "I owe it to my careful vegetarian diet."

March 1909
Self denial week in the Salvation Army - At the request of Colonel Moss, of the Salvation Army, the Secretary of the Vegetarian Society has supplied a quantity of directions of inexpensive cooked and uncooked diets, with a number of recipes. They are to be published in the Salvation Army journals.

*********

January 23, 2015

SALVATION ARMY FOUNDERS ADVOCATED A VEGETARIAN LIFESTYLE

January is the time of year when many of us take stock of our habits and resolve to do better. Topping the list – as mentioned in my previous post – are health and fitness habits.

If you’re looking for some inspiration to make healthy change this year, look no further than The Salvation Army’s founders William and Catherine Booth and their family.

William Booth was born in 1829 and with his wife Catherine founded what would become The Salvation Army in the late 1850s. The Booths came from the Methodist tradition and – like many from their denomination – followed the vegetarian practices of John Wesley even though doing so was difficult in Victorian England.

Catherine was partial to vegetarianism and is credited with encouraging her husband to adopt the lifestyle too.

In fact, William Booth responded to a news reporter inquiry in 1909 that he believed his vegetable-based diet was key to helping him maintain his rigorous travel and speaking schedule into his 80s.

The Booth’s children were also active in the ministry of The Salvation Army and carried on the family’s commitment to vegetarianism. Especially Bramwell Booth, who succeeded his father as General of The Salvation Army.

In 1890 Bramwell was asked to explain his beliefs in the merits of vegetarianism.
Here’s a link to the full document, but I’ve excerpted some of his thoughts below.

:: Because a vegetable-based diet is more economical to a flesh-based diet and thus more affordable for people living in poverty.
:: Because the rise in diseases like cancer seems to coincide with the increase in the consumption of meat.
:: Because “God disapproves of all cruelty – whether to man or beast.”
:: Because a flesh-based diet is not necessary to hard work.

1 Corinthians 10:31 – “Whether, then, you eat or drink or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.”

NOTE: "vegetable-based" diet is NOT "junk-food vegetarian" or "junk food vegan" and it's RESPECTFUL of the human body as God's "temple"!

Maynard

Eat Your Fiber

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Tue, 17 Mar 2015 00:05:00 +0000

Eating your daily supply of fiber will keep the intestine and colon running healthy, helping to prevent colon cancer and various intestinal diseases.

Bird Conservation Group Wants Tighter Controls on Wind Industry - Blades run afowl of the MBTA

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 25 Feb 2015 02:22:00 +0000

Bird Conservation Group Wants Tighter Controls on Wind Industry | Wind | Rewire | KCET

The SOLUTION - the ENGINEERING SOLUTION - is to SHIFT THE PLANE from rotating the blades in the VERTICAL plane to rotating the blades in the HORIZONTAL plane.

Let's THANK animal (bird) advocates for raising this issue, but let's insist that future design integrate this concern from the outset.

Lots of blade building has already gone ahead, production machinery has been purchased, and workers have been hired and put on the assembly lines.

I raised this concern nearly a decade ago - and suggested this solution about 3-4 years ago.

Advocates didn't see that as an issue at that time (or some merely said, yes, the blades shouldn't hurt the birds).

News and analysis about energy in California with an eye toward renewables.

[=]

Calling bird law violations inevitable at wind facilities, a group wants tighter controls on permitting. | Photo: Changhua Coast Conservation Action/Flickr/Creative Commons License

WIND

Bird Conservation Group Wants Tighter Controls on Wind Industry

by Chris Clarke

February 24, 2015 2:45 PM

A national bird protection group is calling on the federal government to require wind energy operators to get permits to kill birds that are protected under one of the nation's oldest environmental laws.

The Washington, D.C.-based American Bird Conservancy, which projects more than 1.4 million annual bird deaths in coming years from wind turbines and their associated transmission lines, petitioned the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service this month to require owners of wind power facilities to apply for permits under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 before being allowed to build their projects.

USFWS has been asking wind companies to follow voluntary bird-protection guidelines when siting and designing their projects, but American Bird Conservancy claims in its petition that the voluntary approach has been roundly ineffective at protecting birds from wind turbines.

The petition, filed earlier this month with the U.S. Department of the Interior, is actually a follow-up to an earlier attempt by the group to compel USFWS to crack down on wind industry violations of the law. This month's petition was sent to provide new information on the scope of the threat wind turbines pose to birds.

As part of that update, the group summarized a December 2014 study, commissioned by the group and conducted by researchers at Mississippi State University, that indicates USFWS' voluntary compliance policy has failed to prevent wind turbines from being built in extremely sensitive bird areas:

Nearly 30,000 wind turbines have already been installed within areas identified as being of high importance to federally-protected birds in the United States, with more than 50,000 additional turbines planned for construction in similar areas. These include more than 18,000 in the migration corridor of the whooping crane -- one of the nation's rarest and most spectacular birds, 1,800 in greater sage-grouse breeding strongholds, and nearly 1,400 in locations deemed to be of the most critical importance to conserving the nation's birdlife. This clearly indicates that the voluntary guidelines are not working to protect our public trust resources, especially since proper siting is probably the best and most effective form of mitigation.

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) makes it illegal to kill or harm any of the 800-odd species of bird specifically listed under the law without a permit. Penalties for a single offense -- injury to a single bird -- range up to $200,000 in fines and a year's imprisonment.

As Rewire reported two years ago, USFWS has been highly reluctant to enforce the law against operators of wind turbines.

"In effect, the MBTA is not being enforced, except perhaps under very special circumstances," said Michael Hutchins of the American Bird Conservancy's Bird Smart Wind Energy Campaign. "This reality is particularly significant for the wind industry because wind energy projects will inevitably take birds protected under the MBTA. In fact, because it is virtually impossible to operate a wind energy facility without killing or injuring at least some migratory birds, most operational wind energy projects are in ongoing violation of the MBTA, and are effectively breaking the law with impunity."

25 years younger ???

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Sat, 06 Sep 2014 17:31:00 +0000

Today I was told that I "look 25 years younger than the calendar says and still have boundless energy."

Well, I do typically get my age estimated to be 12-15 years younger than my age, but not 25. That wasn't (and isn't) always the case. Staring at a computer, getting inadequate sleep, and drinking tea or coffee can depress the muscles in the eyes and face. But I think that proper nourishment is important, and merely eating vegan-compliant diets may not do that. Avoiding the animal-based inputs is important, but ensuring the plant-based inputs is just as important for health.

In the dispute between John McDougall* (vegan diet except for holidays), and Joel Fuhrman (vegan nutritarian all the time)

(but tolerant of others because they publicly say that their principles apply to everyone, but that meat eaters should not eat much meat or dairy - and McDougall tells them to swear off the dairy first - Fuhrman says that dairy is entirely unnecessary - and shows them how to nourish themselves),

the Fuhrman "nutritarian" emphasis is on the nutrient-rich diet and fat-burning (which I strongly advocate - selecting foods for nutrient value, not for taste or satiety. I think that satiety and satisfaction follow from getting the nutrients in one's daily diet (one MUST exercise** IN ORDER TO build muscle and burn fat - Fuhrman photos show that, despite his foot injury, he hasn't stopped exercising after he left competitive figure skating);
the McDougall "starchitarian" emphasis seems to be on a "starchitarian" weight loss by "no added fat" - and that means no nuts or oils.

*One of my long-time vegan friends in Boston has FLIPPED his loyalties from the vegan diet of Dr. Joel Fuhrman ("His diet is a good diet") to the vegan diet of Dr. John McDougall on the basis of the emphasis non weight loss (we all have problems with piling on extra weight; Steve lost "mucho" weight when he stopped eating a handful of nuts each day)
** All right - so, to START exercising, one walks around as much as possible; gently move and exercise each of the joints (yoga has ways to do this); in bed before rising, something called "a crunch" is stretching your chest UP toward your abdomen as much as possible - about 8-10 times - that's a set of 'reps' or 'repetitions' - and the goal is to build the muscles one has by exercising each muscle group, including the muscles in the abdomen. On can also stand up and rotate around the waste, then slowly bend forward, back, sideways, and stretch up and down until one aches.

Everyone can do crunches each day.

The nuance seems to be on the definitions of a 'starch' and a 'carb' or carbohydrate (few of us have the sophistication, but we ought to understand the differences between starches and sugars - particularly simple sugars. A starch is a carbohydrate; fiber is a carbohydrate.

From Wikipedia:

In food science and in many informal contexts, the term carbohydrate often means any food that is particularly rich in the complex carbohydrate starch (such as cereals, bread, and pasta) or simple carbohydrates, such as sugar (found in candy, jams, and desserts).

McDougall likes COMPLEX carbohydrates but not simple carbohydrates; Fuhrman likes the carbohydrates bound in vegetables, beans, and whole fruits, but not those carbs that are ground up into grains and then made into breads. However, what about whole grain cereals (oatmeal, not instant oatmeal)?

As I seem to recall it, McDougall was trying to help us understand how we would educate all of South and Central American about plant-based vegan diets. No one wanted to do that EXCEPT for Victor Forsythe, who inherited the California Vegetarian Association from Blanche Leonardo, then moved to Colorado and joined the Colorado Green Party. South American root vegetables are SUFFICIENTLY rich in proteins to provide all the human requirements for protein, according to the WHO. Therefore, one could live entirely on tubers and root vegetables grown in the South American mountains without supplementing with nuts, beans, or soy. "Protein is not an issue" in a plant-based whole foods diet based on real foods, not prepared and packaged foods. The indigenous diet is sufficient; in America, the (SAD/MAD) diet isn't mainly whole foods. When I talk with inquirers, I tell them that many Americans like to "eat out" - eat out of a package, out of a drive-in-window, eat out of a tragically conceived restaurant menu, etc.
Fuhrman began as 'a natural hygienist' an told me in person, when we flew together in mid-August 1995 from the 8th International Vegan Festival in San Diego to Boston, that he was 'more vegan' than hygienist - then he said, 'just vegan' with an emphasis on the nutrients in whole fresh vegetables - more vegetables than fruits.

They agree, but they substantially disagree - and they settled on agreeing to the notion that they "agree about 90% of the time..."

From Wikipedia:

Starch is the most common carbohydrate in the human diet and is contained in many staple foods. The major sources of starch intake worldwide are thecereals (rice, wheat, and maize) and the root vegetables (potatoes and cassava).^[23] Many other starchy foods are grown, some only in specific climates, including acorns, arrowroot, arracacha, bananas, barley, breadfruit, buckwheat, canna, colacasia, katakuri, kudzu, malanga, millet, oats, oca, polynesian arrowroot, sago, sorghum, sweet potatoes, rye, taro, chestnuts, water chestnuts and yams, and many kinds of beans, such as favas, lentils, mung beans,peas, and chickpeas.

Widely used prepared foods containing starch are bread, pancakes, cereals, noodles, pasta, porridge and tortilla.

If we ate fewer starches, might we fart less frequently?

From Wikipedia:

Digestive enzymes have problems digesting crystalline structures. Raw starch will digest poorly in the duodenum and small intestine, while bacterial degradation will take place mainly in the colon.

Some of us have celebrated the WIDE VARIETY of available foods of plant origin Vance Lehmkuhl even sings about it.

I still think that erring on the side of nutrient-density is good, but affordability and refrigeration can be issues. Therefore, whole vegetables (grow your own, like the Obama family does at the White House); farmers' markets; regular grocery store (shop produce aisle first), etc. Eat them as you need them (and share the rest). Further, when talking with students, other singles, and general inquirers, buying vegetables in the grocery is ALWAYS cheaper than dining out. But college students have overpriced dining hall meal plans.

I need to credit my boss who raised the rhetorical question: "Why do so many Americans NOT want to be thin and attractive?" Nudging from many sources - my boss, my vegan friends, and my doctor - pushed me to search for how as a vegan I could lose weight on an evidence-based program.

And to credit Michelle Obama, though she and her program are not my specific reason for 'daily motions' throughout my day, every one of us ought to get up and get out there and 'start moving' around...

I'm concerned to live by just principles. Vegans CAN do that with evidence-based strategies that are built from the growing bodies of knowledge relevant to that project in human history. Others seem to live, but that may not be justice, simply because they are able to live in health, if they do great damage and harm to other persons - simply because they only ways they know to feed themselves involve the destruction of others.

Maynard

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Maynard S. Clark, MS (Management: Research Administration)

Losing Sleep

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 27 Aug 2014 03:17:00 +0000

Losing Sleep | HMS

Losing Sleep

‘Sleep switch’ neurons diminish with age and Alzheimer’s disease

By BONNIE PRESCOTT

August 20, 2014

As people grow older, they often have difficulty falling asleep and staying asleep, and tend to awaken too early in the morning. In individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, this common and troubling symptom of aging tends to be especially pronounced, often leading to nighttime confusion and wandering.

Now, a study led by researchers at Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the University of Toronto/Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre helps explain why sleep becomes more fragmented with age. Reported online in the journal Brain, the new findings demonstrate for the first time that a group of inhibitory neurons, whose loss leads to sleep disruption in experimental animals, are substantially diminished among the elderly and individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, and that this, in turn, is accompanied by sleep disruption.

“On average, a person in his 70s has about one hour less sleep per night than a person in his 20s,” explained senior author Clifford Saper, the HMS James Jackson Putnam Professor of Neurology at Beth Israel Deaconess. “Sleep loss and sleep fragmentation is associated with a number of health issues, including cognitive dysfunction, increased blood pressure and vascular disease, and a tendency to develop type 2 diabetes. It now appears that loss of these neurons may be contributing to these various disorders as people age.”

Clifford Saper. Image: BIDMC Media ServicesIn 1996, the Saper lab first discovered that the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus, a key cell group of inhibitory neurons, was functioning as a “sleep switch” in rats, turning off the brain’s arousal systems to enable animals to fall asleep. “Our experiments in animals showed that loss of these neurons produced profound insomnia, with animals sleeping only about 50 percent as much as normal and their remaining sleep being fragmented and disrupted,” he explained.

A group of cells in the human brain, the intermediate nucleus, is located in a similar location and has the same inhibitory neurotransmitter, galanin, as the vetrolateral preoptic nucleus in rats. The authors hypothesized that if the intermediate nucleus was important for human sleep and was homologous to the animal’s ventrolateral preoptic nucleus, then it may also similarly regulate humans’ sleep-wake cycles.

In order to test this hypothesis, the investigators analyzed data from theRush Memory and Aging Project, a community-based study of aging and dementia which began in 1997 and has been following a group of almost 1,000 subjects who entered the study as healthy 65-year-olds and are followed until their deaths, at which point their brains are donated for research.

“Since 2005, most of the subjects in the memory and aging project have been undergoing actigraphic recording every two years. This consists of their wearing a small wristwatch-type device on their non-dominant arm for seven to 10 days,” explained first author Andrew S. P. Lim of the University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and a former member of the Saper lab. The actigraphy device, which is waterproof, is worn 24 hours a day and thereby monitors all movements, large and small, divided into 15-second intervals. “Our previous work had determined that these actigraphic recordings are a good measure of the amount and quality of sleep,” he added.

The authors examined the brains of 45 study subjects (median age at death, 89.2), identifying ventrolateral preoptic neurons by staining the brains for the neurotransmitter galanin. They then correlated the actigraphic rest-activity behavior of the 45 individuals in the year prior to their deaths with the number of remaining ventrolateral preoptic neurons at autopsy.

“We found that in the older patients who did not have Alzheimer’s disease, the number of ventrolateral preoptic neurons correlated inversely with the amount of sleep fragmentation,” said Saper. “The fewer the neurons, the more fragmented the sleep became.” The subjects with the most neurons (greater than 6,000) spent 50 percent or more of total rest time in the prolonged periods of non-movement most likely to represent sleep while subjects with the fewest ventrolateral preoptic neurons (fewer than 3,000) spent less than 40 percent of total rest time in extended periods of rest. The results further showed that among Alzheimer’s patients, most sleep impairment seemed to be related to the number of ventrolateral preoptic neurons that had been lost.

“These findings provide the first evidence that the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus in humans probably plays a key role in causing sleep, and functions in a similar way to other species that have been studied,” said Saper. “The loss of these neurons with aging and with Alzheimer’s disease may be an important reason why older individuals often face sleep disruptions. These results may, therefore, lead to new methods to diminish sleep problems in the elderly and prevent sleep-deprivation-related cognitive decline in people with dementia.”

This work was supported by a Dana Foundation Clinical Neuroscience Grant and National Institutes of Health grants P01AG009975, P01HL095491, R01NS072337, R01AG017917, R01AG024480, R01NS078009, R01AG043379 and R01AG042210. Other support came from grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Illinois Department of Public Health and the Robert C. Borwell Endowment Fund.

Adapted from a Beth Israel Deaconess news release.

Maynard's Texas Vegan Buffet

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 13 Mar 2013 02:23:00 +0000

Maynard's Texas Vegan Buffet

Let's have a contest (no cash prizes - just "posted popularity") to
ENVISION a full vegan restaurant concept
(start-to-finish imagination):

I'll start!

Maynard's Texas Vegan Buffet:

Get all you can and can all you get

"WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO EAT AS A VEGAN?"

DRIVE IN TO MAYNARD'S VEGAN BUFFET AND FIND OUT!

Dietitian-developed vegan buffet complete with calorie counts, sign up for birthday parties and anniversaries, celebrations of going vegan, etc. Everyone dressed in colorful uniforms made of vegetable-patterned or fruit-patterned cloth, different vegetables celebrated each day, with free recipes tweeted out (or in RSS feeds) to those who sign up online or in the vegan buffet centers; big parties for vegetarian days, such as GAMO (Great American Meatout), World Vegetarian Day, National Heart Month, International Vegan Day, Gandhi's birthday, Feast Day of St. Francis, etc.

Concept: Overeating - if you dare, but we strongly advise against it, for the following reasons: 1, 2, 3, 4. We CAN make eating right amounts of vegan food VERY satisfying by integrating culinary arts with dietetic and nutritional science and skill. We educate and nurture our clients - in person and electronically. Value-Added venue that is affordable (on both sides) and sustainable.

http://veganrestaurant.blogspot.com/

How to DO Animal Rights ! FREE ONLINE eBOOK !

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Thu, 04 Oct 2012 20:25:00 +0000

The greatest threat to people is ignorance.
The greatest threat to animals is ignorant people.

Español

Animal Rights Motto
Use this animal rights motto for your animal rights work !

Free Use
Animal Rights
Paintings, Prints, Posters

You are welcome to use these for your not-for-profit animal rights work.

Your completely freeonline-book to action animal rights.

Buy the book version ofHow to Do Animal Rights.

...or buy the shorter eBook version at Amazon. For details see the book page.

Permission

You may copy the online text of How to Do Animal Rights for your non-profit personal use to promote animal rights.

Guestbook
Please read & comment.

Selected Links

Valuable practical info for AR campaigning, from WSPA.

Animals Asia Foundation
Helping bears and literally millions of dogs and cats horrendously treated in Asia.

Online writings of Peter Singer

Humane Research Council
Researches and analyses data to help animal advocates make their case.

BBC Animal Ethics
A nicely concise introduction to animal ethics.

International Aid for Korean Animals
Millions of cats & dogs cruelly treated & eaten in Korea & what you can do about it.

Animal Ethics Dilemma
Explore your personal animal morality.

The Animal Activists Handbook

Practical action on alleviating animal suffering. Written by PETA activists Matt Ball & Bruce Friedrich. 2009. 128 pages.

Dawn Watch
Tracking animals in the media & where you can make your voice heard.

Protecting Animals in Democracy

Achieving political representation for animals through politics.

Animal Liberation Front
Many good ideas for animal activism.

Voice for Ethical Research at Oxford
Oxford University members who oppose animal research & aim to further ethical alternatives.

Striking at the Roots

Read about doing animal rights in this paperback by Mark Hawthorne.

Animal Rights Concerns
About vegetarian diet and vegan lifestyle to steer society away from animal use.

World Animal Day

Abolitionist Online
Australian web site for animal rights.

Oxford Centre for Animal Ethics
Academics pioneering the animal ethics debate.

UK Animal Rights
Web links providing animal rights information, news and resources.

This web site, How to Do Animal Rights, is your completely free online-book about how to do animal rights as a practical and legal activity. Find out what animal rights (and welfare) are and be an activist!

You are welcome to copy the text of this online guide for your non-profit use to promote animal rights. You may also buy the printed paperback version or the ebook version of this web site.

We live in a human-made animal holocaust and mass extinction about which most people give no thought.
So let's defend life and promote a humane society. Pursue animal rights as a meaningful and legitimate successful activity!

"I am fond of pigs.
Dogs look up to us. Cats look down on us.
Pigs treat us as equals."

Attributed to Winston Churchill (1874 - 1965).

Adopt our animal rights motto:
The greatest threat to people is ignorance.
The greatest threat to animals is ignorant people.

Search this web site:

Chapter 1
Introduction

The Broad Setting

- scientists attempt to alert the world to the impending catastrophe.

Chapter 2
Philosophy: Key Topics

Animal Rights

- know what animal rights are.

Equal Consideration

- are animal and human moral interests equally important?

Animal Ethics

- rationally defend your animal rights activism.

Consequentialism

- the morality of your action depends only on its consequences.

Deontology

- the morality of your action depends only on doing your duty.

Virtue Ethics

- the morality of your action depends only on your character.

Comparing Philosophies

- comparing animal rights with ethics, welfare & conservation.

Deep Ecology

- contrasts with animal rights and gives it perspective.

Chapter 3
Campaigning: Methods for Animal Rights

Campaigning

- change society for the better.

Civil Disobedience

- campaign by civil disobedience to right injustice.

Direct Action

- a stronger form of civil disobedience.

Action Planning

- take care that your activities are successful.

Lobbying

- sway the prominent and influential.

Picketing

- protest your target visibly and publicly.

Starting a Group

- find and organise your troops.

Leafleting

- reach out to influence people.

News Media

- use and handle the news media.

Internet

- communicate globally with the widest reach.

More free graphics.

Chapter 4
Activities for Animal Rights

Teacher

- a most effective way of opening minds to ideas.

Animal Lawyer

- practice law to advance animals and their allies.

Undercover Investigator

- amass the evidence that animal advocates fire at abusers.

Video Activist

- seize people's attention by bringing home vivid reality.

Animal Preacher

- expound The Word for animals.

Animal Rescuer

- liberate abused animals.

Investigative Reporter

- probe questionable activities hidden from the public.

Media Watcher

- sway the shapers of public opinion.

Street Theatre Actor

- perform and entertain for animal rights on the streets.

Blogger

- use your creative writing skills for animals.

Philosopher

- philosophers do it by reasoning.

Flyer

- look down on your opponents to see what they are up to.

Personal Activist

- includes the single most effective thing you can do for animals.

Author - Playwright

- write short stories, novels and plays of the animal rights genre.

Animal Friendly Traveller

- prepare yourself for travel abroad.

Politician

- start your own animal political party.

Prisoner Supporter

- succour animal rights prisoners.

Public & School Speaker

- orate on behalf of animals.

Aerial Snooper

- reconnoitre and photograph by remote control.

Scientific Investigator

- plan, scrutinise, analyse and report.

Solo Information Worker

- display info and eye-catching knowledge.

Voluntary Worker Abroad

- jump into far-off cultures for animal rights.

More free graphics.

Chapter 5
The Law & Animal Rights

Terrorism

- a few people wielding disproportionate pressure - but are they just?

Violence or Nonviolence?

- can we licence violence?

The Law - US & Britain

- what might you be up against?

Police Arrest

- prepare by knowing what to expect.

Chapter 6
Animal Statistics

Summary

- some of the billions people kill annually.

Meat Statistics

- how much meat do people eat?

Chicken Statistics

- how many chickens do people keep & kill?

Pig / Hog Statistics

- people kill 23 million pigs a week.

Sheep & Goat Statistics

- how many sheep & goats do people keep & kill?

Beef Cattle Statistics

- how many cattle do people keep & kill?

Fish Statistics

- how much fish do people farm and catch from the sea?

Fur Animal Statistics

- the fur trade kills endless millions and threatens species.

Numbers of Animals in Biomedical Research

- how many animals do people experiment on in laboratories?

Human Overpopulation

- the more people the more animal abuse.

Chapter 7
More Philosophy

Anthropocentrism

- everything is secondary to human needs.

Anthropomorphism

- humanising animals.

Environmentalism

- how to interact with living and inanimate nature?

Golden Rule

- a simple moral test that guides our behaviour.

Intrinsic Value

- do animals have value in themselves?

Is Ought Fallacy

- facts (is) are one thing whereas value judgements (ought) is another.

Painism

- is it morally wrong to cause severe pain to reduce a lesser pain?

Subject of a Life

- an animal is a subject of a life and a singular individual.

Moral Daggers: egoism, emotivism, subjectivism

- are moral judgements merely emotional flows?

Utilitarianism

- the greatest good to the greatest number - but minorities watch out.

Absolutism

- a standard by which you can judge everything.

Contractarianism

- why some people are against animal rights.

Legalism

- does the law always say what is morally right?

More free graphics.

Chapter 8
Animal-Human Issues (Some of Them)

Bearskin Hats

- the British army makes hats of bears.

Bushmeat

- over five million tonnes of animals from West Africa alone.

Chickens - Broilers

- cheap mass-production of chickens for the supermarkets.

Chickens - Egg-laying Hens

- five billion egg-laying hens.

Climate Change

- the greatest burden on our moral behaviour.

Foxhunting with Hounds

- honourable sports do not harm other beings.

Fur Brushes & Bows

- do not forget the forgotten fur (and bows).

Fur Farming

- the fur trade is money and slaughter.

Fur Marketing

- pelts pass through many international stages before getting to women.

Fur Morality

- fur-wearers are the ultimate key to the fur trade's existence.

Fur Species & Sales Value

- animals the fur trade wastes.

Fur Trapping

- devastated native peoples and eradicated animal populations.

Factory Farming

- one of the primary issues in animal rights.

Goldfish Bowls

- making life multi-problemed for ornamental fish.

Human Superiority

- we cannot judge animals solely by human values.

Mutilation of Farm Animals

- trying to fit animals to farms, not farms to animals.

Religious Tradition

- styles of religious thought clash with animals.

Zoophilia

- something the animal rights debate does not discuss.

Zoos

- what are zoos for?

Chapter 9
Science

Altruism

- why do you help others?

Behaviourism

- it seriously retarded research on animal minds.

Brain: milestones of understanding

- the main medium of thoughts, feelings and behaviour in animals.

Clever Hans the Counting Horse

- a lesson about attributing to animals characteristics they do not possess.

Consciousness

- how do we know other species are conscious?

Mirror Test of Animal Consciousness

- giving animals a mirror to see if they are self-aware.

More free graphics.

Chapter 10
Ideas

Animal Rights Motto

- a forceful motto for your animal rights work.

Expanding the Circle

- extending our moral circle outwards from humanity.

Cat Traffic Training

- do not let the motorist nobble your cat.

Dog Training

- communicate effectively with your dog with these effective tips..

The Five Freedoms

- ideals of welfare more honoured in the breach.

Great Apes

- bestowing rights on great apes.

Han means He or She

- avoid repeating 'he or she' all the time.

It - Stop Calling Animals It

- calling animals 'it' degrades them into the class of things.

Number Fallacy

- because there are lots of them it is all right to kill them?

Invertebrate Harmony

- we should try to live in harmony with all creatures.

Posters, Paintings, Cartoons & Prints

- use these graphics freely.

Predation

- predators cannot make moral choices and predation is vital for life.

Soul

- do humans have souls while animals do not?

Think Like an Animal

- thoughts need not be based on language.

Euphemisms

- beware the hidden euphemism.

Universal Declaration on Animals

- the hope is to recognise animals as sentient beings.

Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare

- draft of the Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare.

Vegetarianism

- making a start is a declaration example.

Vermin

- ecological rivals are competitors not scum.

Wolf Ethics

- do not lose a major battle to live with animal life.

More free graphics.

Chapter 11
Personalities

Aquinas, Thomas

- God made animals for man and it is not a sin to kill them.

Aristotle

- animals cannot reason so we can use them without consideration.

Bentham, Jeremy

- the question is not can animals reason but can they suffer?

Copernicus, Nicolaus

- humanity does not occupy a privileged position in the cosmos.

Darwin & Natural Selection

- explained how humans are animals that evolved from animals.

Descartes

- propounded that animals are automata, a view adopted by science.

John Lawrence

- on of the earliest modern writers on animal rights.

Richard Martin

- he fought for laws and duelled for animals.

Henry Salt

- the first animal rights book.

Steven Best

- we are in a battlefield not at a bargaining table.

Andrew Linzey

- the face of Christianity embracing animals.

The McLibel Two

- laid bare the nasty deeds of quick food business.

Ingrid Newkirk

- a wheel needs all its spokes to make it go round.

Jill Phipps

- a hero whose actions will inspire.

Henry Spira

- the most effective activist of the modern animal rights movement.

Philosophers Three

- activism comes in words as well as deeds.

Chapter 12
Sundry Animal Rights Stuff

Posters, Paintings, Cartoons & Prints

- use these freely for your non-profit animal rights work.

Glossary

- glossary of animal rights and related terms on this web site.

More free graphics.

I am trying to learn Mandarin in Boston

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Tue, 02 Oct 2012 21:37:00 +0000

#===================================================================== # # Copyright (C) 2001-2003, Matti Tukiainen, http://ktmatu.com/mt/ # # Name : Practical Chinese Reader I Vocabulary List, Lessons 1 - 30 # Version : 1.09 # Purpose : Vocabulary list from Practical Chinese Reader book I in # CEDICT format. # # Platforms : All. # Date : 2003-06-10 # Updates : 1.00 Initial release. (2001-08-25) # 1.01 Fixex zhong1 jian4 to zhong1 jian1. (2001-09-25) # 1.02 Added dui4 bu5 qi3. (2001-09-28) # 1.03 Fixed ju2 zi5, added remarks to (2001-10-08) # can1 guan1 and fang3 wen4. # 1.04 Fixed shi2 hou4 to shi2 hou5. (2001-10-10) # 1.05 Fixed bu4 cuo4 to bu2 cuo4. (2001-11-11) # 1.06 Fixed cha1 to cha4. (2002-01-23) # 1.07 Changed the capitalization of proper (2002-02-10) # names and some other words to better correspond # the book. # 1.08 Fixed "to resemble". (2002-03-10) # 1.09 Fixed gan1 jing4. Found by (2003-06-10) # Ulf Wolfgramm, . # # Author : Matti Tukiainen, http://ktmatu.com/mt/ # # References : - # # Notes : Please report all errors to me! # This file in various human-readable formats as well as # other Chinese related things are available at # http://ktmatu.com/chinese/ # # Copying : This file may be used under the terms of GNU General # Public License, http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html .
# #================================================================== # #Practical Chinese Reader I Vocabulary List, Lessons 1 - 30 #

Äã [ni3] /you (sing.)/ ºÃ [hao3] /good/well/ ##

¹Å²¨ [Gu3 bo1] /Gubo (a personal name)/ ÅÁÀ¼¿¨ [Pa4 lan2 ka3] /Palanka (a personal name)/ ##

Âð [ma5] /(an interrogative particle)/ ÎÒ [wo3] /I/me/ ºÜ [hen3] /very/ ÄØ [ne5] /(a modal particle)/(question particle)/ Ò² [ye3] /also/too/ ##

Ã¦ [mang2] /busy/ ²» [bu4] /not/ ¸ç¸ç [ge1 ge5] /elder brother/ Ëû [ta1] /he/him/ µÜµÜ [di4 di5] /younger brother/ ËûÃÇ [ta1 men5] /they/them/ ¶¼ [dou1] /all/ ##

Õâ [zhe4] /this/ ÊÇ [shi4] /to be/ ÅóÓÑ [peng2 you5] /friend/ °Ö°Ö [ba4 ba5] /father/ ÂèÂè [ma1 ma5] /mother/ ÄãÃÇ [ni3 men5] /you (pl.)/ #

´ó·ò [dai4 fu5] /doctor/ µÄ [de5] /(structual particle)/(possessive particle)/of/ ³µ [che1] /vehicle/ ÄÇ [na4] /that/ Ëý [ta1] /she/her/ Êé [shu1] /book/ #

±¨ [bao4] /newspaper/ Ö½ [zhi3] /paper/ ³ß [chi3] /ruler/ ±Ê [bi3] /pen/pencil/writing brush/ ##

ÄÄ [na3] /which/ ¹ú [guo2] /country/state/ ÈË [ren2] /person/ Ë [shei2] /who/ ÎÒÃÇ [wo3 men5] /we/us/ ÀÏÊ¦ [lao3 shi1] /teacher/ ##

ººÓï [Han4 yu3] /Chinese (spoken language)/ ##

ÖÐ¹ú [Zhong1 guo2] /China/ µÂ¹ú [De2 guo2] /Germany/ ·¨¹ú [Fa3 guo2] /France/ ÃÀ¹ú [Mei3 guo2] /the United States of America/ ÂíÀï [Ma3 li3] /Mali/ ÈÕ±¾ [Ri4 ben3] /Japan/ ##

Ê²Ã´ [shen2 me5] /what/ µØÍ¼ [di4 tu2] /map/ ¿´ [kan4] /to see/to look/to have a look/to read/to watch/ Çë [qing3] /please/ ##

±±¾© [Bei3 jing1] /Beijing/ ÉÏº£ [Shang4 hai3] /Shanghai/ ³¤½ [Chang2 Jiang1] /the Changjiang (Yangtze) River/ »ÆºÓ [Huang2 He2] /the Huanghe (Yellow) River/ ³¤³Ç [Chang2 cheng2] /the Great Wall/ ##

ÊÀ½ç [shi4 jie4] /world/
# Not capitalized due to limitations of GB2312 Å·ÖÞ [ou1 zhou1] /Europe/ ·ÇÖÞ [Fei1 Zhou1] /Africa/ ´óÑóÖÜ [Da4 yang2 Zhou1] /Oceania/ ÄÏÃÀÖÞ [Nan2 Mei3 Zhou1] /South America/ #

Çë [qing3] /please (do sth)/ ºÈ [he1] /to drink/ ²è [cha2] /tea/ Äú [nin2] /you (formal)/ ½ø [jin4] /to enter/to come in/ »¶Ó [huan1 ying2] /to welcome/ Ð»Ð» [xie4 xie5] /to thank/ ¿ÍÆø [ke4 qi5] /polite/courteous/ ÎüÑÌ [xi1 yan1] /to smoke/ #

Íõ [Wang2] /a surname/Wang (proper name)/ #

¿§·È [ka1 fei1] /coffee/ Æ¡¾Æ [pi2 jiu3] /beer/ Å£ÄÌ [niu2 nai3] /milk/ ÏÈÉú [xian1 sheng5] /Mr./sir/gentleman/ Ì«Ì« [tai4 tai5] /Mrs./Madame/ #

¹óÐÕ [gui4 xing4] /what's your name?/May I ask your name?/ ÇëÎÊ [qing3 wen4] /May I ask.../ ÎÊ [wen4] /to ask/ ÁôÑ§Éú [liu2 xue2 sheng1] /a student who studies abroad/ ÐÕ [xing4] /(one's) surname is/surname/ ½Ð [jiao4] /to call/to be called/ ÍâÓï [wai4 yu3] /foreign language/ Ñ§Ôº [xue2 yuan4] /college/institute/ Ñ§Éú [xue2 sheng5] /student/ Ñ§Ï° [xue2 xi2] /to study/to learn/ Ñ§ [xue2] /to study/to learn/ #

¶¡ÔÆ [Ding1 Yun2] /Ding Yun (a personal name)/ #

Ð¡½ã [xiao3 jie5] /miss/ Å®Ê¿ [nu:3 shi4] /a polite form of address to a woman/lady/madam/ Í¬Ö¾ [tong2 zhi4] /comrade/ ³¯ÏÊ [Chao2 xian3] /Korea/ Ó¢¹ú [Ying1 guo2] /Britain/ #

Áã [ling2] /zero/0/ Ò» [yi1] /one/1/ ¶þ [er4] /two/2/ Èý [san1] /three/3/ ËÄ [si4] /four/4/ Îå [wu3] /five/5/ ÔÚ [zai4] /to be a (a place)/in/at/ ×ø [zuo4] /to sit/to take a seat/ ÄÄ¶ù [nar3] /where/ ËÞÉá [su4 she4] /dormitory/ ×¡ [zhu4] /to live/ # CEDICT: ¶àÉÙ [duo1 shao3] /how much/how many/which (number)/ ¶àÉÙ [duo1 shao5] /how many/how much/what/ ºÅ [hao4] /number/ ²ã [ceng2] /storey (a measure word)/story (of a building)/ #

Ò½Ôº [yi1 yuan4] /hospital/ ²ÞËù [ce4 suo3] /toilet/latrine/lavatory/W.C./ Õâ¶ù [zher4] /here/ ÄÇ¶ù [nar4] /there/ #

»¹ [huan2] /to return/ »±¨ [hua4 bao4] /pictorial/magazine/ ´Êµä [ci2 dian3] /dictionary/ ÏÖÔÚ [xian4 zai4] /now/nowadays/ ÓÃ [yong4] /to use/to make use of/ Ò»ÏÂ¶ù [yi2 xiar4] /a little while/a little bit/ ÔÙ¼û [zai4 jian4] /to say good-bye/to bid farewell to/ Áù [liu4] /six/6/ Æß [qi1] /seven/7/ °Ë [ba1] /eight/8/ ¾Å [jiu3] /nine/9/ Ê® [shi2] /ten/10/ #

ÔÓÖ¾ [za2 zhi4] /magazine/ µç»° [dian4 hua4] /telephone/phone call/ ±¾×Ó [ben3 zi5] /note-book/exercise-book/ ÓêÉ¡ [yu3 san3] /umbrella/ #

Å® [nu:3] /female/ ÏÈÉú [xian1 sheng5] /Mr./sir/gentleman/ ÈÏÊ¶ [ren4 shi5] /to know/to be familiar with/to recognize/ Ó¢Óï [Ying1 yu3] /English (language)/ ·¨Óï [Fa3 yu3] /French (language)/ ³£ [chang2] /often/ È¥ [qu4] /to go/ ËûÃÇ [ta1 men5] /they/ #

Ãû×Ö [ming2 zi5] /(a person's) name/ Î¹ [wei4] /(an interjection) hello/hey/ °¡ [a1] /(an interjection)/oh/ah/ ÉÌµê [shang1 dian4] /shop/store/ Âò [mai3] /to buy/ ±Ê [bi3] /pen/pencil/writing brush/ Ö½ [zhi3] /paper/ À´ [lai2] /to come/ ½éÉÜ [jie4 shao4] /to introduce/ ÄÐ [nan2] /male/ ¶Ô [dui4] /right/correct (answer)/ ÁË [le5] /(modal particle)/(modal partical intenstifying preceding clause)/ ºÍ [he2] /and/with/ Ëµ [shuo1] /to speak/to say/ #

¹Å²¨ [Gu3 bo1] /Gubo (a personal name)/ ÖÐ¹ú [Zhong1 guo2] /China/ ÅÁÀ¼¿¨ [Pa4 lan2 ka3] /Palanka (a personal name)/ ¶¡ÔÆ [Ding1 Yun2] /Ding Yun (a personal name)/ #

Ó¢¹ú [Ying1 guo2] /Britain/ ·¨¹ú [Fa3 guo2] /France/ ±¾×Ó [ben3 zi5] /note-book/exercise-book/ ÓÊ¾Ö [you2 ju2] /post office/ ÓÊÆ± [you2 piao4] /stamp/ ½ÌÊÚ [jiao4 shou4] /professor/ #

×÷ [zuo4] /to do/ ¹¤×÷ [gong1 zuo4] /to work/work/job/ Ïë [xiang3] /to want/to think/to miss/ ¼Ò [jia1] /family/home/house/ ÓÐ [you3] /to have/there be/ Ã» [mei2] /not/no/have not/ ÃÃÃÃ [mei4 mei5] /younger sister/ ½ã½ã [jie3 jie5] /older sister/ ÒøÐÐ [yin2 hang2] /bank/ °®ÈË [ai4 ren5] /husband/wife/ Êéµê [shu1 dian4] /bookstore/ º¢×Ó [hai2 zi5] /child/ ¸ø [gei3] /to/for/to give/ Ð´ [xie3] /to write/ ÐÅ [xin4] /letter/ ¸æËß [gao4 su5] /to tell/ #

Ö°Ô± [zhi2 yuan2] /office worker/staff member/ ¹¤³ÌÊ¦ [gong1 cheng2 shi1] /engineer/ ¾Àí [jing1 li3] /manager/director/ ¹«Ë¾ [gong1 si1] /company/ ##

ÖÐÎÄ [Zhong1 wen2] /Chinese (written language)/ Ïµ [xi4] /department/faculty/ ¸ö [ge4] /(a measure word)/ ¼¸ [ji3] /how many/how much/several/ ½Ì [jiao1] /to teach/ Óï·¨ [yu3 fa3] /grammar/ ºº×Ö [Han4 zi4] /Chinese character/ ×Ö [zi4] /character/ »¹ [hai2] /else/in addition/still/ ¿ÚÓï [kou3 yu3] /spoken language/ ²»¸Òµ± [bu4 gan3 dang1] /I don't really deserve it/you flatter me/ »¥Ïà [hu4 xiang1] /each other/mutually/mutual/ ÐÂ [xin1] /new/ ÔÄÀÀÊÒ [yue4 lan3 shi4] /reading room/ ÔÓÖ¾ [za2 zhi4] /magazine/ ±¨ [bao4] /newspaper/ ±¾ [ben3] /(a measure word)/ Í¼Êé¹Ý [tu2 shu1 guan3] /library/ ÄÇ¶ù [nar4] /there/ ##

Íõ [Wang2] /a surname/Wang (proper name)/ ##

°à [ban1] /class/squad/ ½ÌÊÒ [jiao4 shi4] /classroom/ ÊµÑéÊÒ [shi2 yan4 shi4] /laboratory/ ½è [jie4] /to borrow/to lend/ Éú´Ê [sheng1 ci2] /new word/ ##

Ìõ [tiao2] /(a measure word for ribbon)/ È¹×Ó [qun2 zi5] /skirt/ Á½ [liang3] /two/ ÕÅ [zhang1] /(a measure word)/piece/ Æ± [piao4] /ticket/ ¾©¾ç [jing1 ju4] /Beijing opera/ ÍíÉÏ [wan3 shang5] /evening/ Ì« [tai4] /too/too much/ ´Ó [cong2] /from/ ÕÒ [zhao3] /to look for/to call on (a person)/ Õâ¶ù [zher4] /here/ ¾É [jiu4] /old/ ´© [chuan1] /to put on/to wear/ ¼þ [jian4] /(a measure word for things & clothes)/ ³ÄÉÀ [chen4 shan1] /shirt/blouse/ ÂÌ [lu:4] /green/ ´ó [da4] /big/ °× [bai2] /white/ #

À¶ [lan2] /blue/ ÉÏÒÂ [shang4 yi1] /upper outer garment/jacket/ ¿ã×Ó [ku4 zi5] /trousers/ ´óÒÂ [da4 yi1] /overcoat/topcoat/ ºÚ [hei1] /black/ ¾ç³¡ [ju4 chang3] /theatre/theater/ ×ùÎ» [zuo4 wei4] /seat/ ##

µã [dian3] /(a measure word)/o'clock/ Ê³ÌÃ [shi2 tang2] /dining-hall/ ²î [cha4] /to lack/to be short of/ ·Ö [fen1] /(a measure word)/minute/ ¿Ì [ke4] /(a measure word)/quarter (of an hour)/ ÉÏ¿Î [shang4 ke4] /to attend (a class)/to teach (in a class)/ ¿Î [ke4] /class/lesson/ ÏÂ¿Î [xia4 ke4] /class is over/class is dismissed/ # CEDICT: ÒÔáá [yi3 hou4] /after/later/afterwards/following/later on/in the future/ ÒÔºó [yi3 hou4] /later on/in the future/ ÊÂ¶ù [shir4] /business/thing/ »Ø [hui2] /to return/to go back/ ¸ú [gen1] /with/to follow/ Ò»Æð [yi4 qi3] /together/ µçÓ° [dian4 ying3] /film/movie/ ¿§·È¹Ý [ka1 fei1 guan3] /cafe/ ¿§·È [ka1 fei1] /coffee/ °ë [ban4] /half/ °¡ [a1] /(a modal particle)/ah/ µÈ [deng3] /to wait/ ×ß [zou3] /to walk/ Â· [lu4] /road/way/ ##

ÉÏ°à [shang4 ban1] /to go to work/ ÏÂ°à [xia4 ban1] /to come or go off work/ µçÓ°Ôº [dian4 ying3 yuan4] /cinema/ ±í [biao3] /a watch/ ÖÓ [zhong1] /clock/bell/ ÒÔÇ° [yi3 qian2] /before/in the past/ago/ ##

Ìì [tian1] /day/ Ã¿ [mei3] /every/each/ Æð´² [qi3 chuang2] /to get up/ Æð [qi3] /to get up/to rise/ ´² [chuang2] /bed/ ÉÏÎç [shang4 wu3] /morning/ ³Ô [chi1] /to eat/ ·¹ [fan4] /meal/cooked rice/food/ ¶à [duo1] /many/much/a lot of/ ÏÂÎç [xia4 wu3] /afternoon/ ÐÝÏ¢ [xiu1 xi5] /to rest/to take a rest/ ÓÐÊ±ºò [you3 shi2 hou5] /sometimes/ # CEDICT: Ê±ºò [shi2 hou4] /time/ Ê±ºò [shi2 hou5] /time/ ÎÊÌâ [wen4 ti2] /question/problem/ Ë¯¾õ [shui4 jiao4] /to go to bed/to sleep/ #

Òª [yao4] /to want/to be going to/must/ ·þÎñÔ± [fu2 wu4 yuan2] /waiter/waitress/attendant/ ± [bei1] /(a measure word)/cup/ Ð¡½ã [xiao3 jie5] /miss/young lady/ Ï²»¶ [xi3 huan5] /to like/to be fond of/ »¨²è [hua1 cha2] /scented tea/ ºì²è [hong2 cha2] /black tea/ ºì [hong2] /red/ »¹ÊÇ [hai2 shi4] /or/ ½Û×ÓË® [ju2 zi5 shui3] /orangeade/orange juice/ # CEDICT also lists: éÙ×Ó [ju2 zi5] /orange/ ½Û×Ó [ju2 zi5] /orange/ Ë® [shui3] /water/ Æ¿ [ping2] /(a measure word)/bottle/ Æ¡¾Æ [pi2 jiu3] /beer/ Ìý [ting1] /to listen/ Ãñ¸è [min2 ge1] /folk song/ ¹Åµä [gu3 dian3] /classical/ ÒôÀÖ [yin1 yue4] /music/ ÏÖ´ú [xian4 dai4] /modern/ ³ª [chang4] /to sing/ ¸è¶ù [ger1] /song/ ÈÃ [rang4] /to let/to ask/ ±ð [bie2] /don't/do not/ #

Ö¦ [zhi1] /(a measure word)/branch/ Æ»¹û [ping2 guo3] /apple/ Ïã½¶ [xiang1 jiao1] /banana/ ÆÏÌÑ [pu2 tao5] /grape/ ³ªÆ¬ [chang4 pian4] /gramophone record/(vinyl) record/LP/ ÂÌ²è [lu:4 cha2] /green tea/ #

ÔÂ [yue4] /month/ ÈÕ [ri4] /date (written language)/day of the month/ ÉúÈÕ [sheng1 ri4] /birthday/ ½ñÌì [jin1 tian1] /today/ °à [ban1] /class/squad/ ¸¨µ¼ [fu3 dao3] /to coach/to tutor/to give advise (in study)/ ºÅ [hao4] /date (spoken language)/day of a month/ ¿Õ¶ù [kongr4] /spare time/free time/ ½ñÄê [jin1 nian2] /this year/ Ëê [sui4] /(a measure word)/year (age)/years old/ ×£ºØ [zhu4 he4] /to congratulate/congratulation/ Îè»á [wu3 hui4] /dance/ball/party/ ²Î¼Ó [can1 jia1] /to take part in/to attend/ Í¬Ñ§ [tong2 xue2] /classmate/schoolmate/ Ò»¶¨ [yi1 ding4] /surely/certainly/certain/given/particular/ ÓÐÒâË¼ [you3 yi4 si5] /interesting/ ÐÇÆÚ [xing1 qi1] /week/ ÐÇÆÚÈÕ [xing1 qi1 ri4] /Sunday/ ÖªµÀ [zhi1 dao5] /to know/ µØÖ· [di4 zhi3] /address/ Äê [nian2] /year/ #

È¥Äê [qu4 nian2] /last year/ Ã÷Äê [ming2 nian2] /next year/ ÒôÀÖ»á [yin1 yue4 hui4] /concert/ ½á»é [jie2 hun1] /to get married/ # CEDICT: ¶Ô²»Æð [dui4 bu4 qi4] ¶Ô²»Æð [dui4 bu5 qi3] /(I'm) sorry/forgive me/ Ô¼»á [yue1 hui4] /appointment/ Ã»¹ØÏµ [mei2 guan1 xi5] /it doesn't matter/ Ì¸ [tan2] /to talk/to chat/ #

Êø [shu4] /(a measure word)/bunch/ »¨¶ù [huar1] /flower/ Õæ [zhen1] /real/true/genuine/ ºÃ¿´ [hao3 kan4] /good-looking/ ×£ [zhu4] /to wish/to express good wishes/ ËÍ [song4] /to give as a present/to give/ ·Ç³£ [fei1 chang2] /extremely/ ¸ÐÐ» [gan3 xie4] /to thank/ ¸ßÐË [gao1 xing4] /glad/happy/delighted/ Ì«Ì« [tai4 tai5] /Mrs./Madame/ ÄêÇá [nian2 qing1] /young/ ¶à [duo1] /how/ ÌøÎè [tiao4 wu3] /to dance/ ¹ÃÄï [gu1 niang5] /girl/ °É [ba5] /(a modal particle indicating polite suggestion)/...right?/...OK?/ Æ¯ÁÁ [piao4 liang5] /pretty/beautiful/ ¸ü [geng4] /even/still/ Ïó [xiang4] /to be like/to resemble/to take after/ ¿ª [kai1] /open/ ÃÅ [men2] /door/ #

²¼ÀÊ [Bu4 lang3] /(a personal name)/English surname, Brown/ ÈÕ±¾ [Ri4 ben3] /Japan/ #

Á¾ [liang4] /(a measure word for vehicles)/ ¸É¾» [gan1 jing5] /clean/neat/ ÐÂÄê [xin1 nian2] /New Year/ ËêÊý [sui4 shu5] /age (number of years old)/ ÀñÎï [li3 wu4] /present/gift/ ÕÕÆ¬ [zhao4 pian4] /photograph/picture/ ¶ù×Ó [er2 zi5] /son/ Å®¶ù [nu:3 er2] /daughter/ #

# CEDICT: áá±ß [hou4 bian1] /behind/ ºó±ß [hou4 bian1] /back/at the back of/behind/ Ð¡ [xiao3] /little/small/ »¨Ô° [hua1 yuan2] /garden/ ·¿×Ó [fang2 zi5] /house/ ¿ÍÌü [ke4 ting1] /drawing room (room for arriving guests)/parlour/ ÅÔ±ß [pang2 bian1] /side/lateral/ Êé·¿ [shu1 fang2] /study (room)/ ÒÎ×Ó [yi3 zi5] /chair/ ÉÙ [shao3] /few/ ×À×Ó [zhuo1 zi5] /table/ ÉÏ±ß [shang4 bian5] /top/on/over/above/ ×ÜÊÇ [zong3 shi4] /always/ ×Ü [zong3] /always/ ÕûÀí [zheng3 li3] /to put in order/to straighten up/to arrange/ ³ø·¿ [chu2 fang2] /kitchen/ ¶ÔÃæ [dui4 mian4] /opposite/ °ïÖú [bang1 zhu4] /to help/ °ï [bang1] /to help/ ²ÍÌü [can1 ting1] /dining-hall/ ×ó±ß [zuo3 bian1] /left/ # CEDICT: li3 bian1 not listed, ÀïÃæ [li3 mian4] /inside/interior/ Àï±ß [li3 bian1] /inside/ ·¿¼ä [fang2 jian1] /room/ ÎÔÊÒ [wo4 shi4] /bedroom/ Ï´Ôè¼ä [xi3 zao3 jian1] /bathroom/ Ï´Ôè [xi3 zao3] /to take a bath/ # CEDICT: Ôõ÷áÑù [zen3 me5 yang4] /how about/(used in the negative)(not) so good/ ÔõÃ´Ñù [zen3 me5 yang4] /how/how is it that...?/ #

# CEDICT: wai4 bian1 not listed, Íâ±í [wai4 biao3] /external/outside/outward appearance/ Íâ±ß [wai4 bian1] /outside/ # CEDICT: ÏÂÃæ [xia4 mian5] /below/next/the following/under/below/ ÏÂ±ß [xia4 bian1] /bottom/below/under/ Ç°±ß [qian2 bian1] /front/in front of/before/ ÓÒ±ß [you4 bian1] /right/ ÖÐ¼ä [zhong1 jian1] /middle/ ´°»§ [chuang1 hu5] /window/ Ì× [tao4] /(a measure word, a set of something)/ °Ñ [ba3] /(a measure word)/ #

ÕýÔÚ [zheng4 zai4] /(an adverb indicating an action in progress)/while (doing)/ µçÊÓ [dian4 shi4] /television/TV/ ½Ó [jie1] /to answer (the telephone)/lift off/ µç»° [dian4 hua4] /telephone call/telephone/ Ã»ÓÐ [mei2 you3] /not/no/haven't/ ¸´Ï° [fu4 xi2] /to review/ ¿ÎÎÄ [ke4 wen2] /text/ ÐÂÎÅ [xin1 wen2] /news/ ÓÑºÃ [you3 hao3] /friendly/ ´ú±íÍÅ [dai4 biao3 tuan2] /delegation/ ´ú±í [dai4 biao3] /delegate/representative/ ²Î¹Û [can1 guan1] /to visit (place or thing other than a person)/to pay a visit/ ¹¤³§ [gong1 chang3] /factory/ ¹¤ÈË [gong1 ren2] /worker/ ·ÃÎÊ [fang3 wen4] /to visit (thing, place or person)/to call on/ ÕÕÆ¬ [zhao4 pian4] /photograph/photo/picture/ ´òµç»° [da3 dian4 hua4] /to make (a telephone call)/ Ã÷Ìì [ming2 tian1] /tomorrow/ ³Ç [cheng2] /city/town/ # CEDICT: wai4 bian1 not listed, Íâ±í [wai4 biao3] /external/outside/outward appearance/ Íâ±ß [wai4 bian1] /outside/ Íæ¶ù [wanr2] /to play/to have fun with/ ³ö·¢ [chu1 fa1] /to start out/to set off/ ¿ª³µ [kai1 che1] /to drive a car/ ½ÓÈË [jie1 ren2] /to meet a person/ #

×Ü»ú [zong3 ji1] /central exchange/telephone exchange/switchboard/ ·Ö»ú [fen1 ji1] /extension/(telephone) extension/ Õ¼Ïß [zhan4 xian4] /the line is busy (engaged)/the number is engaged/ ´ò´íÁË [da3 cuo4 le5] /(you have dialed the) wrong number/ ºÅÂë [hao4 ma3] /number/ ÈËÃñÈÕ±¨ [Ren2 min2 Ri4 bao4] /"the People's Daily"/ #

µãÐÄ [dian3 xin1] /light refreshments/pastry/ Å©´å [nong2 cun1] /countryside/rural areas/ Å©Ãñ [nong2 min2] /peasant/ »ð³µ [huo3 che1] /train/ ¶ÍÁ¶ [duan4 lian4] /to do physical training/ »Ø´ð [hui2 da2] /to reply/to answer/ Ð© [xie1] /(a measure word)/some/ ÄÑ [nan2] /difficult/ Éú´Ê [sheng1 ci2] /new word/ ´Ê [ci2] /word/ Äî [nian4] /to read aloud/ Á·Ï° [lian4 xi2] /exercise/to practise/ ÈÏÕæ [ren4 zhen1] /conscientious/serious/in earnest/ ¶® [dong3] /to understand/ #

# Not capitalized due to limitations of GB2312 °²ÄÈ [an1 na4] /Anna (personal name)/ ÍõÊéÎÄ [Wang2 Shu1 wen2] /Wang Shuwen (personal name)/ #

µÃ [de5] /(a structural particle)/(a sentence particle used after a verb to show effect)/ Íí [wan3] /late/evening/ Í£ [ting2] /to stop/to come to a stop/ ºÓ [he2] /river/ ÓÎÓ¾ [you2 yong3] /to swim/ ×¼±¸ [zhun3 bei4] /to prepare/ µö [diao4] /to fish with a hook and bait/ Óã [yu2] /fish/ ÌÀ [tang1] /soup/ Î» [wei4] /(measure word for persons)/ ¿ì [kuai4] /fast/ ÄÄÀï [na3 li5] /it is nothing/ Âý [man4] /slow/ ½ÌÁ· [jiao4 lian4] /coach/(athlete's) coach/ # CEDICT: ²»´í [bu4 cuo4] ²»´í [bu2 cuo4] /correct/right/not bad/pretty good/ Ãæ°ü [mian4 bao1] /bread/ »ðÍÈ [huo3 tui3] /ham/ Ò»µã¶ù [yi1 dianr3] /a little/a bit/ ÄÌÀÒ [nai3 lao4] /cheese/ ÔÙ [zai4] /again/once more/a second time/ ¿óÈªË® [kuang4 quan2 shui3] /mineral water/ #

Çå³þ [qing1 chu5] /clear/distinct/ Á÷Àû [liu2 li4] /fluent/ ÕûÆë [zheng3 qi2] /tidy/ ²Ë [cai4] /dish/vegetable/ ½È×Ó [jiao3 zi5] /Chinese dumpling/ ¼¦µ° [ji1 dan4] /hen's egg/ Å£ÄÌ [niu2 nai3] /(cow's milk)/milk/ ±È½Ï [bi3 jiao4] /comparatively/to compare/ #

ÑÐ¾¿ [yan2 jiu1] /to research/ ÎÄÑ§ [wen2 xue2] /literature/ Ôç [zao3] /early/ Ì¸ [tan2] /to talk/ »á [hui4] /can/to know how to/ µ± [dang1] /to serve as/to act as/ ·Òë [fan1 yi4] /interpreter/translator/to interpret/to translate/ ÄÜ [neng2] /can/to be able/ ¼ÓÉî [jia1 shen1] /to deepen/ ÈËÃñ [ren2 min2] /people/ ÁË½â [liao3 jie3] /to understand/to know/ ÓÐÃû [you3 ming2] /famous/well-known/ ×÷¼Ò [zuo4 jia1] /writer/author/ »òÕß [huo4 zhe3] /or/possibly/maybe/perhaps/ ¾Í [jiu4] /at once/right away/ Ó¦¸Ã [ying1 gai1] /should/ought to/ Á© [lia3] /(a numeral-measure word) two/both/ ¿ÉÒÔ [ke3 yi3] /may/can/ ÀíÏë [li3 xiang3] /ideal/ ¿ÉÊÇ [ke3 shi4] /but/however/ ÈÝÒ× [rong2 yi4] /easy/ ÓÐÖ¾ÕßÊÂ¾¹³É [you3 zhi4 zhe3 shi4 jing4 cheng2] /where there is a will, there is a way/ ³ÉÓï [cheng2 yu3] /proverb/idiom/ #

Â³Ñ¸ [Lu3 Xun4] /Lu Xun/ ¹ùÄÈô [Guo1 Mo4 ruo4] /Guo Moruo/ #

¸è¾ç [ge1 ju4] /opera/ Ð¡Ëµ [xiao3 shuo1] /novel/ Ê«¸è [shi1 ge1] /poem/ » [hua4] /to paint/to draw/ »¶ù [huar4] /painting/drawing/picture/ Íí·¹ [wan3 fan4] /supper/ ½øÀ´ [jin4 lai2] /to come in/to enter/ #

¿ªÊ¼ [kai1 shi3] /to begin/to start/ ´óÊ¹¹Ý [da4 shi3 guan3] /embassy/ ´óÊ¹ [da4 shi3] /ambassador/ ÕÐ´ý»á [zhao1 dai4 hui4] /reception/ ¾Æ [jiu3] /wine/spirit/ ³¢ [chang2] /to taste/ Ã©Ì¨¾Æ [Mao2 tai2 jiu3] /Maotai (a Chinese strong drink)/ Îª [wei4] /for/to/ ½¡¿µ [jian4 kang1] /health/ ¸É± [gan1 bei1] /to drink a toast/propose a toast/here's to/ ÓÑÒê [you3 yi4] /friendship/ ÆÏÌÑ¾Æ [pu2 tao2 jiu3] /grape wine/ ÆÏÌÑ [pu2 tao5] /grape/ ²Ë [cai4] /dish/vegetable/ ¿ê×Ó [kuai4 zi5] /chopsticks/ ÊÔ [shi4] /to try/ ÎÄ»¯ [wen2 hua4] /culture/ ²ÎÔÞ [can1 zan4] /counsellor/diplomatic officer/attache/ ·òÈË [fu1 ren5] /lady/madame/Mrs./ ÓÖ [you4] /again/ ´ó¼Ò [da4 jia1] /all/everybody/ µ½ [dao4] /to go/to arrive/to reach/ Â¥ [lou2] /storied building/floor/ #

Àî [Li3] /(a surname) Li/ #

°×À¼µØ [bai2 lan2 di4] /brandy/ ÏãéÄ¾Æ [xiang1 bin1 jiu3] /champagne/ Îä¹Ù [wu3 guan1] /military attache/ Ò»ÃØ [yi2 mi4] /first secretary/ ²¡ [bing4] /to fall ill/illness/disease/ Ð¡Ñ§Éú [xiao3 xue2 sheng1] /pupil/schoolboy/schoolgirl/ #

×ãÇò [zu2 qiu2] /football/ Çò [qiu2] /ball/ Èü [sai4] /to compete/competition/match/ ×òÌì [zuo2 tian1] /yesterday/ °ì [ban4] /to do/to handle/to attend to/to tackle/ Ç©Ö¤ [qian1 zheng4] /visa/ Îç·¹ [wu3 fan4] /lunch/ ¶Ó [dui4] /team/line/ Ó® [ying2] /to win/to beat/ Êä [shu1] /to lose/ ±È [bi3] /(a preposition showing comparison)/than/to (in a score)/"-er than"/ ²ÃÅÐ [cai2 pan4] /referee/umpire/act as referee/to judge/ ¹«Æ½ [gong1 ping2] /fair/ Ìß [ti1] /to kick/ ÆøÈË [qi4 ren2] /to get someone angry/to get someone annoyed/ ÐÐÀî [xing2 li5] /luggage/ Ïä×Ó [xiang1 zi5] /suitcase/ ¶¥ [ding3] /(a measure word use with "hat")/ Ã±×Ó [mao4 zi5] /hat/cap/ Ë« [shuang1] /(a measure word)/pair/ ±ùÐ¬ [bing1 xie2] /skating boots/skates/ Ð¬ [xie2] /shoes/ ¶¬Ìì [dong1 tian1] /winter/ »¬±ù [hua2 bing1] /to skate/skating/ Ôç·¹ [zao3 fan4] /breakfast/ #

ÌåÓý³¡ [ti3 yu4 chang3] /stadium/ ¹«Ô° [gong1 yuan2] /park/a public park/ Æ¹ÅÒÇò [ping1 pang1 qiu2] /table tennis/ ÔË¶¯ [yun4 dong4] /sports/to sport/ ÍøÇò [wang3 qiu2] /badminton/ ÀºÇò [lan2 qiu2] /basketball/ ÅÅÇò [pai2 qiu2] /volleyball/ »¬Ñ© [hua2 xue3] /to ski/skiing/ #

·É»ú [fei1 ji1] /aeroplane/plane/aircraft/ Òª [yao4] /will/to be going to/ Æð·É [qi3 fei1] /to take off/ »ú³¡ [ji1 chang3] /airport/ ·Ö±ð [fen1 bie2] /to part/to separate/ Ô¸Òâ [yuan4 yi4] /to be willing (to do something)/ Àë¿ª [li2 kai1] /to leave/to depart/ ¼ûÃæ [jian4 mian4] /to meet each other/to see each other/ ¼û [jian4] /to meet/to see/ ËùÒÔ [suo3 yi3] /so/therefore/as a result/ ½ø²½ [jin4 bu4] /progress/advance/to progress/to make progress/ Å¬Á¦ [nu3 li4] /hard-working/studious/ ÕÕÏà [zhao4 xiang4] /take a picture/to have one's photo taken/ Õ¾ [zhan4] /to stand/ ½ô [jin3] /close/tight/taut/ ÉÏ [shang4] /to get on/to get into/to board/ ×¢Òâ [zhu4 yi4] /to pay attention to/ ÉíÌå [shen1 ti3] /body/health/ ·ÅÐÄ [fang4 xin1] /to set one's mind at rest/to be at ease/to rest assured/ Íü [wang4] /to forget/ ÄÑ¹ý [nan2 guo4] /sad/ Ã÷Äê [ming2 nian2] /next year/ ÏÄÌì [xia4 tian1] /summer/ ÇïÌì [qiu1 tian1] /autumn/ Ò»Â·Æ½°² [yi2 lu4 ping2 an1] /to have a pleasant journey/to have a good trip/bon voyage/ ##

Æû³µ [qi4 che1] /car/automobile/ ´¬ [chuan2] /ship/ ½Ð [jiao4] /to hire/to call (a taxi etc.)/ ËÍÐÐ [song4 xing2] /to see someone off/ ÂÃÐÐ [lu:3 xing2] /to travel/to tour/ ÖÐ¹úÃñº½ [Zhong1 guo2 Min2 hang2] /General Administration of Civil Aviation of China (CAAC)/ ##

Ð¦ [xiao4] /to laugh/to smile/ ÐÄ [xin1] /heart/mind/ ËÍ [song4] /to see (or walk) someone home/to see (someone) off/ Å®¶ù [nu:3 er2] /daughter/ È¥Äê [qu4 nian2] /last year/ ¹ú¼Ò [guo2 jia1] /country/state/ ¶«Î÷ [dong1 xi5] /thing/ ¿Þ [ku1] /to cry/to weep/ Àë [li2] /from/to leave/ Ô¶ [yuan3] /far/distant/ ÈÈÇé [re4 qing2] /cordial/enthusiastic/ ¹ý [guo4] /to live/to get along/ ×Ô¼º [zi4 ji3] /self/(reflexive pronoun)/ #

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 26 Sep 2012 00:49:00 +0000

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noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 29 Aug 2012 22:51:00 +0000

Soy versus dows' milk dairy: what's the Comparative Ecological Footprint )CEF) of the various 'milks'?

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Wed, 29 Aug 2012 22:49:00 +0000

Soy versus dairy: what's the footprint of milk?

By Judith Friedlander, University of Technology, Sydney
Are soy milk’s environmental attributes based on substance or froth? Is soy a sustainable solution in the dairy debate?
Comparative environmental analysis of different food groups is like comparing, well, apples and oranges.
Reports such as the Food and Agriculture Organization’s (FAO) Livestock’s Long Shadow document the negative environmental impacts of cattle and dairy production and consumption.
If cattle are major emitters of the intensive greenhouse gas methane and use large amounts of water, are protein alternatives such as soy less harmful to the environment?
Soy, of course, is much more than soy milk. According to the CSIRO, “60 per cent of all products at the supermarket already contain soybean”. (Look at the ingredients lists on breads, flours, oils, pet food and sausages, for example.)
The Federal Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry’s (DAFF’s) Australian Food Statistics (2011) report states that Australia produced 47kt of soybeans in 2010-11 and imported $36M worth of oilseeds in 2010-11 (soybean is classified as an oilseed rather than a pulse).

In 15 years, world production of soya has doubled. Carol Von Canon

According to Dr Andrew James, who leads CSIRO’s soybean breeding program, the vast majority of whole-bean soy products Australians consume – such as tofu, soy milk and many baking products – derive from Australian grown beans. However, the soy components used in processed foods generally come from imported soy protein powder, isolate or lecithin.
“We also import 500 to 800,000 tonnes of soybean meal. A crude guess is that would cost about $600 a tonne. That’s $500 million or more,” says Dr James.
Australians have been developing a taste for soy milk over the last decade. A Soy Australia report showed in 2009 Australians drank three litres each of soy milk a year. This is a 50% increase on 1998.
The report also claimed that most of the soy milk production in Australia is based on imported soy protein or soy protein isolate, a refined form of soy protein made from defatted soy flour.
Says Dr James: “If the milk is made from whole beans it will be Australian-grown beans that are used. If made from protein powder or isolate then that will be imported.”
In 2010-11, Australians drank 2296 ML of “dairy milk”, and 2061 ML in 2005-06. The annual average 2005-07 milk consumption per Australian was 230kg (approximately 223 litres).
Soy milk, soy-based drinks, soy dairy-free products and energy bars showed the strongest growth. Traditional foods like tofu have seen a decline in the past couple of years.

It takes less energy to produce soy beans than cows' milk. Melissa Powers

Australian data on the environmental impact of the dairy and soy industries is not as comprehensive as from other countries such as Sweden, Denmark and the United Kingdom. While there are international differences in production, life cycle analysis research is informative.
A recent Swedish study showed a span of 0.4 to 30kg of CO₂ equivalents produced per kilogram for different food items. The lowest emissions per kilogram were from legumes, poultry, and eggs. The highest were from beef, cheese and pork.
Cornell University scientist, David Pimentel, has found it takes about 14 kilo-calories (kcal) of fossil-fuel energy to produce 1kcal of milk protein using conventional milk production. Organically produced milk might require a little less than 10kcal of fossil-fuel energy per kcal.
In comparison, Pimentel’s data suggests that in a conventional soybean production system, one kcal of fossil energy invested produces about 3.2kcal of soybean. For 1kcal of fossil energy invested in organic soybean production, you get an average of 3.8kcal of soybeans. This means it takes between .26 and .31kcal of fossil fuel to make 1kcal of soybeans (contrasted with 10-14kcal to make 1kcal of dairy milk protein).
Pimentel states that soy protein accounts for about 35% of those kilocalories, so it appears that making soy protein is more energy-efficient than dairy protein.
Soy milk, of course, is the sum of its parts and whether using ground soy beans or soy isolate, other ingredients are added to make the liquid that consumers use in their coffees and cereals. These extras include calcium and oil. So the production process and its energy and water components need to be considered.

Soy beans have a low and energy footprint, but then there’s the footprint of converting beans to milk. gallixsee media/flickr

A 2010 “current and possible futures” study into greenhouse gas emissions across the top 45 food commodities in the UK recommended dairy milk and products be replaced by soy-based milk products.
A recent Dutch study comparing the water footprints of soybean and equivalent animal products found that soy milk and the soy burger have much smaller water footprints than cow milk and the average beef burger. The water footprint of the soy milk products analysed in this study was 28% of the water footprint of the global average cow milk. The water footprint of the soy burger examined was 7% of the water footprint of the average beef burger in the world.
Another important environmental parameter to consider is how much phosphorus is used to produce food. Modern agriculture is dependent on phosphorus derived from phosphate rock. It’s a non-renewable resource, and current global reserves may be depleted in 50 to 100 years. Meat and livestock production are associated with high phosphorus use and a vegetarian diet demands significantly less phosphate fertilizer than a meat-based diet.
The genetic modification (GM) debate is a series on its own, but it is relevant to note that all soybeans grown in Australia are GM-free, according to CSIRO’s Dr James. He compares this to the US, Canada, Argentina and Brazil, where over 90% of the soybeans grown are genetically modified.
Dr James says that if the soy milk bought in Australia states it is made from whole soybeans, it is “most likely” made from non-GM Australian soybeans. If the label says it is made from soybean isolate, it is “most probably imported from the US”.
Coffee anyone?
Judith Friedlander does not work for, consult to, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has no relevant affiliations.

This article was originally published at The Conversation. Read the original article.

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noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Sun, 10 Jun 2012 02:41:00 +0000

Adopt secondhand-smoke laws for publicly-trafficked areas

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Mon, 04 Jun 2012 04:53:00 +0000

Change.org|Online Petition

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About this Petition Petition Letter Petition Updates

noreply@blogger.com (Maynard S. Clark) — Tue, 29 May 2012 00:08:00 +0000

Shelfari: Book reviews on your book blog

Thyroid Power: Ten Steps to Total Health by Richard Shames,...

The Hypothyroid Sourcebook by M. Sara Rosenthal

Orthomolecular Treatment for Schizophrenia by Abram Hoffer

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TIME for a PUBLIC OPTION on plantmilks?? Let's not WAIT UNTIL we get sick. Let's get our plantmilks NOW.

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Animal Rights MottoUse this animal rights motto for your animal rights work !

You may copy the online text of How to Do Animal Rights for your non-profit personal use to promote animal rights.

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Animal Rights Motto
Use this animal rights motto for your animal rights work !