programming

array mcq questions in c

2020-05-08T15:45:00.001+05:30

1. The elements of an array can be accessed by its
a) name
b) index
c) dimension
d) none of the above
Solution: (b) An array is accessed by its index.

2. The elements of array are stored in contiguous memory due to
a) This way computer can keep track only the address of the first element and the addresses of other elements can be calculated.
b) The architecture of computer does not allow arrays to store other than serially
c) Both
d) None
Solution: (a) This way computer can keep track only the address of the first element and the addresses of other elements can be calculated easily.

3. Which of the following statement is correct for following code snippet?
int num[7];
num[7]=8;
a) In the first statement 7 specifies a particular element, whereas in the second statement it specifies a type;
b) In the first statement 7 specifies a particular element, whereas in the second statement it specifies the array size.
c) In the first statement 7 specifies the array size, whereas in the second statement it specifies a particular element of array.
d) In both the statement 7 specifies array size.
Solution: (c) The statement 'c' is correct, because int num[7]; specifies the size of array and num[7]=8; designates the particular element(8th element) of the array.

4. Which of the following is correct statement to access 10th element in a array arr[] of size 30?
a) arr[10]
b) arr[9]
c) arr{10}
d) arr{9}
Solution: (b) arr[9] is the correct syntax to access the 10th element, as in C index starts from 0.

5. To compare two arrays, we can use
a) Comparison operator ‘==’ directly on arrays
b) Use ‘switch case’
c) Using ‘for’ loop
d) Using ternary operator on arrays
Solution: (c) We can use for loop and equality check operator on each element of the arrays to compare.

6. Can we add or delete an element after assigning an array?
Can we add or delete an element after assigning an array as arr[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50}?
a) Yes
b) No
c) May be
d) Depends on compiler
Solution: (b) After assignment of an array, the elements can’t be deleted or new element can’t be added.

7. An 1 dimensional integer array of size 10 is declared in a C program. The memory location of the first byte of the array is 1050. What will be the location of the 9th element of the array? (Assuming an integer takes 2 bytes of memory)
a) 1066
b) 1084
c) 1068
d) 1064
Solution: (a) Integer takes two bytes of memory. As the memory assignment to the elements are consecutive and the index starts from 0, the 9th element will be located at 1050+(8×2) =1066.

8. The index of an array can take
a) only integer
b) only float
c) both integer and float
d) character
Solution: (a) Only integer variables are allowed as array index.

9. What will be the output after execution of the program?
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i, a[7]={5,6,8,2,9,3,6}, result;
result = a[0];
for(i=1;i<7;i++)
{
if(result>a[i])
continue;
result=a[i];
}
printf("%d",result);
return 0;
}
a) 8
b) 2
c) 9
d) Compiler error because of two six in the array.
Solution: (c) The program finds the maximum element of an array. Hence, the output is 9.

10. What is the output of the following C program?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[4] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
printf("%d", arr[0]);
return 0;
}

a) 1
b) 2
c) No output
d) Compilation error
Solution: (d) The size of the array does not match with the dimension of the array. Thus the compiler will show error.

11. Find the output of the following C program

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
arr[0] = ++arr[1] - arr[1]--;
a = arr[0]++;
arr[0] = ++arr[a++];
printf("%d,%d,%d", a, arr[0],arr[1]);
return 0;
}
a) 1,2,3
b) 1,2,2
c) 2,2,2
d) 2,3,3
Solution: (b)
Please follow the operator precedence table and compute the values of each step. The answer will come as 1,2,2

12. What will be output?
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i;
int arr[3] = {1};
for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
printf("%d ", arr[i]);
return 0;
}
a) 1 followed by garbage values
b) 1 1 1
c) 1 0 0
d) Syntax error
Solution: (c)
If array is initialized with few elements, remaining elements will be initialized to 0. Therefore, 1 followed by 0, 0, will be printed.

13. While passing an array as an argument to a function, which of the following is actually passed to the function?
a) Array size
b) First element of the array
c) Last element of the array
d) Base address of the array
Solution: (d) The base address of the array is passed to the function as an argument.

14. Predict the output of the following code.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[1]={5};
printf("%d", 0[arr]);
return 0;
}
a) 0
b) 1
c) 5
d) Syntax error
Solution: (c) printf("%d", 0[arr]); It prints the first element value of the variable arr. Hence, the output is 5.

15. What will the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr1[]={1,2,3};
int arr2[]={4,5,6};
int arr3[];
arr3[]=arr1[]+arr2[];
printf("%d",arr3[]);
return 0;
}

a) 1,2,3
b) 5,6,7
c) 5,7,9
d) Error
Solution: (d) Error.
Such operations are not allowed. Wrong syntax used. Element wise addition has to be done in array using loop.

Perfect number in C, Pyramid pattern, Number is power of two or not and Sum of series in c programming

2020-05-08T15:13:00.001+05:30

Write a C program to check whether a given number (N) is a perfect number or not?
[Perfect Number - A perfect number is a positive integer number which is equals to the sum of its proper positive divisors. For example 6 is a perfect number because its proper divisors are 1, 2, 3 and it’s sum is equals to 6.]

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int N;
scanf("%d",&N);
int i, sum=0;
for(i=1; i<N;i++)
{
if(N%i==0)
sum+=i;
}

if(sum==N)
printf("\n%d is a perfect number.",N);
else
printf("\n%d is not a perfect number.",N);
}

	Input	Output
	8000	8000 is not a perfect number.
	8128	8128 is a perfect number.
	6	6 is a perfect number.
	87	87 is not a perfect number.

Write a C program to find sum of following series where the value of N is taken as input 1+ 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 + .. 1/N

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int N;

float sum = 0.0;

scanf("%d",&N);

int i;

for(i=1;i<=N;i++)

sum = sum + ((float)1/(float)i);

printf("Sum of the series is: %.2f\n",sum);

}

	Input	Output
	100	Sum of the series is: 5.19
	20	Sum of the series is: 3.60
	6	Sum of the series is: 2.45
	50	Sum of the series is: 4.50

Write a C program to check whether the given number(N) can be expressed as Power of Two (2) or not.
For example 8 can be expressed as 2^3.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int N;

scanf("%d",&N);

int temp, flag;

temp=N;

flag=0;

while(temp!=1)

{

if(temp%2!=0){

flag=1;

break;

}

temp=temp/2;

}

if(flag==0)

printf("%d is a number that can be expressed as power of 2.",N);

else

printf("%d cannot be expressed as power of 2.",N);

}

	Input	Output
	6572	6572 cannot be expressed as power of 2.
	1024	1024 is a number that can be expressed as power of 2.
	8	8 is a number that can be expressed as power of 2.
	46	46 cannot be expressed as power of 2.

Write a C program to print the following Pyramid pattern upto Nth row. Where N (number of rows to be printed) is taken as input.*****
****
***
**
*

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int N;

scanf("%d", &N); /*The value of N is taken as input from the test case */

int i,j;

for(i=N; i>0; i--)

{

for(j=0;j<i;j++)

{

printf("*");

}

printf("\n");

}

	Input	Output
	7	***** ** * * ** *
	4	** * ** *
	5	*** * ** *
	3	* *

Control statement in c programming language MCQ

2020-05-08T14:17:00.000+05:30

1. The statement that transfers control to the beginning of the loop is
a) break
b) continue
c) goto
d) none
Solution: (b) continue

2. Compute the printed values of i and j of the C program given below:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 0, j = 8;
while (i < 2, j > 5)
{
i++;
j--;
}
printf("%d, %d\n", i, j);
return 0;
}
a) 1, 7
b) 3, 4
c) 3, 5
d) 0, 8
Solution: (c) The while condition checks the last condition (i.e. j>5) and till the condition is satisfied the block inside the loop is executed. Thus the loop runs 3 times. Thus i is incremented by 3 and j is decremented by 3. So i=3, j=5.

3. The following program takes ‘n’ as a positive integer input. What is the purpose of the program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, i;
unsigned long long result = 1;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d",&n);
for(i=1; i<=n; ++i)
{
result*= i;
}
printf("The output of the program is %llu", result);
return 0;
}

a) n multiplied n times
b) factorial of n
c) display factors of n
d) display Fibonacci series upto n.
Solution: (b) In the for loop, 1 to n is multiplied. This computes the factorial of the number n.

4. What will be the output after execution of the program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=5;
while (i)
printf("Hello");
printf("World\n");
return 0;
}

a) No output
b) Infinite time print of ‘Hello’.
c) Infinite time print of ‘World’.
d) Infinite time print of ‘HelloWorld’.
Solution: (b) As any non-zero value inside while statement is considered as true, the while statement will always be executed. There is no terminating condition for the while loop, thus the program will print ‘Hello’ infinite number of times.

5. What is the output of the following C program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 0, i = 0;
for (i = 0;i < 5; i+=0.5)
{
x++;
continue;
}
printf("%d",x);
return 0;
}

a) 5
b) 10
c) No output
d) Compilation error
Solution: (c) As i is initialized as an integer variable, integer value of i after the operation (i=i+0.5) will be zero. Thus, the loop will never be ended and the control will not come to the printf statement at all. So, nothing will be printed.

6. The following program is used to find the reverse of a number using C language. Find the missing condition inside while statement (indicated as ‘xxxx’).

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, reversedNumber = 0, remainder;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
while(xxxx)
{
remainder = n%10;
reversedNumber = reversedNumber*10 + remainder;
n /= 10;
}
printf("Reversed Number = %d", reversedNumber);
return 0;
}
a) n==0
b) n%10==0
c) n!=0
d) n/10==0
Solution: (c) The loop should be continued till the value of n becomes zero. Thus, the right option is n!=0.

7. What will be the final value of i after the execution of the program below
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=1, j;
for(j=0; j<=10; j+=i)
{
i=i+j;
}
return 0;
}
Ans: 13
Solution: The value of j will reach to 8 and i will be 13. In the next iteration, j will become 8+13=21 and the condition inside for loop will be invalid, thus the compilation will come out of the loop. So, the value of i will be 13.

8. What is the output of the below C program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
short int k=1, j=1;
while (k <= 10 && j <= 10)
{
k=k+2;
j+=1;
}
printf("%d,%d",k,j);
return 0;
}
Answer: 11,6
Solution: The loop will be continued till both the condition k<=10 and j<=10 is satisfied. So, the loop will be executed 5 times. Thus, the value of k and j would be 11 and 6.

9. What will be the output?
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 0;
switch (x)
{
case '0': printf("Case 0");
break;
case '1': printf("Case 1");
break;
default: printf("Case default");
}
return 0;
}

a) Case 0
b) Case 1
c) Case default
d) Error
Solution: (c) Case default
At first look, the output of the program seems to be Case 0. But, the cases are labelled with characters which gets converted to their ascii values 48(for 0) and 49(for 1). None of the cases is labelled with value 0. So, the control goes to the default block and Case default is printed.

10. What will be the output?
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=0;
for(;i<=10;++i)
{
if(i>=5)
continue;
printf("%d ",++i);
}
return 0;
}

a) 0 1 2 3 4
b) 1 3 5
c) 1 3
d) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Solution: (b) The printed value of i will be 1 3 and 5 as the value of i is incremented 2 times and due to the continue statement, the printf statement will always be skipped after the value of i becomes greater than 5.

11. What will be the output?
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x;
x = 4 > 5 ? 1: 2;
printf("%d", x);
return 0;
}
Solution: 2 will be printed. 4 > 5 ? is false. So the second value (i.e. 2) will be assigned to x. This is called ternary operator.

12. What will be the output of the following program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x, y=1;
for(x=11; x>0; x=x-3)
{
y=y%x;
}
printf("x= %d ,y= %d",x,y);
return 0;
}

a) x= -1, y= 1
b) x= 1, y= 1
c) x= 3, y= 2
d) x= 2, y= 1
Solution: (a) The value of x is decremented from 11 to -1 (each in step is determine by 3). The value of y will be 1 mod 2 (The last value of x inside loop)=1

13. In C three way transfer of control using a single statement is possible by using
a) Unary operator
b) Logical operator
c) Ternary operator
d) None
Solution: (c) Ternary operator

14. What will the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=5, y=6, z=7;
if(x-y)
z = z++;
z = --z;
printf("%d", z);
return 0;
}

Answer: 6
Solution: (x-y)=-1 which is not equal to 0. Hence, if condition will be executed, which will store the value of z as 7 (as it is post increment). Finally, due to pre-decrement of z, the final value of z will be 6.

15. Find the output of the following C program

#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
int i = 0;
if(i==0)
{
i=i+1;
break;
}
printf("%d",i);
}

a) 0
b) 1
c) No output
d) Compiler error
Solution: (d) ‘break’ statement is applicable in loop and switch statements. It is not allowed inside if statement. Thus the program will show compiler error.

C program for practice

2020-05-03T19:33:00.000+05:30

1.Write a C Program to calculates the area (floating point number with two decimal places) of a Circle given it’s radius (integer value). The value of Pi is 3.14.

#include <stdio.h>

#define PI 3.14

void main()

{

int radius;

float area;

/* Enter the radius of a circle */

/* The radius of the circle is taken from the test cases */

scanf("%d", &radius);

area = PI * radius * radius;

printf("Area of a circle = %5.2f\n", area);
}

	Input	Output
	42	Area of a circle = 5538.96
	9	Area of a circle = 254.34
	7	Area of a circle = 153.86
	50	Area of a circle = 7850.00

2.Write a C program to check if a given Number is zero or Positive or Negative Using if...else statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

double number;

scanf("%lf", &number);

if (number <= 0.0)

{

if (number == 0.0)

printf("The number is 0.\n");

else

printf("Negative number.\n");

}

else

printf("Positive number.\n");

}

	Input	Output
	0	The number is 0.
	-0.9	Negative number.
	14.05	Positive number.
	0.45	Positive number.
	-50	Negative number.

3.Write a C Program to find the Largest Number (integer) among Three Numbers (integers) using IF and Logical && operator.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int n1, n2, n3;

scanf("%d %d %d", &n1, &n2, &n3);
/*Three numbers are accepted from the test case */

/* Complete the code in the box provided below. Use printf statement as provided below:

printf("%d is the largest number.", n1);

It may be n1, n2 or n3.

if( n1>=n2 && n1>=n3 )

printf("%d is the largest number.", n1);

if( n2>=n1 && n2>=n3 )

printf("%d is the largest number.", n2);

if( n3>=n1 && n3>=n2 )

printf("%d is the largest number.", n3);

}

	Input	Output
	-9 -4 -20	-4 is the largest number.
	45 34 67	67 is the largest number.
	80 -5 3	80 is the largest number.

4.Write a C program to check whether a given number (integer) is Even or Odd

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int number;

scanf("%d", &number);

if(number % 2 == 0)

printf("%d is even.", number);

else

printf("%d is odd.", number);

}

	Input	Output
	51	51 is odd.
	116	116 is even.
	24	24 is even.
	-25	-25 is odd.

5.Write a C Program to Find the Smallest Number among Three Numbers (integer values) using Nested IF-ELSE statement.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int n1, n2, n3;

scanf("%d %d %d", &n1, &n2, &n3);

if (n1<n2)

{

if(n1<n3)

printf("%d is the smallest number.", n1);

else

printf("%d is the smallest number.", n3);

}

else

{

if(n2<n3)

printf("%d is the smallest number.", n2);

else

printf("%d is the smallest number.", n3);

}

	Input	Output
	90 -9 -8	-9 is the smallest number.
	100 200 400	100 is the smallest number.
	20 30 10	10 is the smallest number.
	77 44 99	44 is the smallest number.

6.The length of three sides are taken as input. Write a C program to find whether a triangle can be formed or not. If not display “This Triangle is NOT possible.” If the triangle can be formed then check whether the triangle formed is equilateral, isosceles, scalene or a right-angled triangle. (If it is a right-angled triangle then only print that it is a Right-angle triangle do not print it as scalene triangle).

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int a,b,c;

scanf("%d %d %d",&a, &b, &c);

if(a<(b+c)&&b<(a+c)&&c<(a+b))

{

if(a==b&&a==c&&b==c)

printf("Equilateral Triangle");

else if(a==b||a==c||b==c)

printf("Isosceles Triangle");

else

if((a*a)==(b*b)+(c*c)||(b*b)==(a*a)+(c*c)||(c*c)==(a*a)+(b*b))

printf("Right-angle Triangle");

else if(a!=b&&a!=c&&b!=c)

printf("Scalene Triangle");

}

else

printf("Triangle is not possible");

}

	Input	Output
	5 12 13	Right-angle Triangle
	9 9 9	Equilateral Triangle
	10 4 6	Triangle is not possible
	7 6 8	Scalene Triangle
	3 4 5	Right-angle Triangle

7.Write a program to find the factorial of a given number using while loop.

#include<stdio.h>

void main()

{

int n;

long int fact; /* n is the number whose factorial we have to find and fact is the factorial */

scanf("%d",&n);

int i=1;

fact = 1;

while(i<=n)

{

fact*=i;

i++;

}

printf("The Factorial of %d is : %ld",n,fact);

}

	Input	Output
	7	The Factorial of 7 is : 5040
	11	The Factorial of 11 is : 39916800
	5	The Factorial of 5 is : 120
	10	The Factorial of 10 is : 3628800

8.Write a Program to find the sum of all even numbers from 1 to N where the value of N is taken as input. [For example when N is 10 then the sum is 2+4+6+8+10 = 30]

#include <stdio.h>

void main()

{

int N, sum=0;

scanf("%d", &N);

int i;

for (i = 1; i <= N; i++)

{

if (i % 2 == 0)

sum = sum + i;

}

printf("Sum = %d", sum);

}

	Input	Output
	15	Sum = 56
	25	Sum = 156
	10	Sum = 30
	30	Sum = 240

9.Write a program to find whether a given character is a Vowel or consonant. A character is taken as input. The character may be in Upper Case or in Lower Case.

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

char ch;

scanf("%c",&ch);

int Lower_case, Upper_case;

Lower_case = (ch == 'a' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'u');

Upper_case = (ch == 'A' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'U');

if (Lower_case|| Upper_case)

printf("%c is a vowel.", ch);

else

printf("%c is a consonant.", ch);

}

	Input	Output
	I	I is a vowel.
	k	k is a consonant.
	C	C is a consonant.
	o	o is a vowel.

Introduction to c language

2020-05-03T13:55:00.000+05:30

Introduction to c

C is a programming language that lets us give a computer very specific commands. C was invented in 1972. It's one of the oldest languages to be used even today! It is one of the most widely used programming languages in the world. It has influenced many popular languages, especially c++. But why do we still use such an old programming language? why not something newer and easier to understand,like python?

Let's find out.

History of C Language

History of C language is interesting to know. Here we are going to discuss a brief history of the c language.

C programming language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at bell laboratories of AT&T (American Telephone & Telegraph), located in the U.S.A.

Dennis Ritchie is known as the founder of the c language.

It was developed to overcome the problems of previous languages such as B, BCPL, etc.

Initially, C language was developed to be used in UNIX operating system. It inherits many features of previous languages such as B and BCPL.

Features of c

Simple: C is a structure based language i.e we can divide a big program into multiple parts, which makes it easy to write and understand.

Efficient and Fast

programs written in c are efficient and fast.
This is the most critical factor for using c over other languages.
c is considered to be "close to the computer ," meaning we can program the computer to do precisely what we want.

Portable: Programs written in C can be run on different types of machines with little or no modifications.

Memory Management : It allows you to allocate memory at the runtime, that is, it supports the concept of dynamic memory allocation.

Dynamic Memory Allocation- When you are not sure about the memory requirements in your program and want to specify it at the run time, that is, when you run your program, you can do it manually.

Pointers : C language provides a pointer that stores the memory address as its value. Pointers are useful in storing and accessing data from memory. We will study this in detail in our upcoming tutorials.

Case Sensitive : It is pretty clear that lowercase and uppercase characters are treated differently in C. It means that if you write “program” and “Program”, both of them would connote different meanings in C. The ‘p’ in “program” is in lowercase format whereas, the ‘P’ in Program is in uppercase formate.

Compiler Based : C is a compiler based language, that is, to execute a code we first need to compile it.Structure Oriented/Modular – C is a structured programming language. This means you can divide your code and task within a function to make it interactive. These functions also help in code reusability.

c programming MCQ questions and answers

2020-05-03T08:58:00.001+05:30

c programming MCQ questions and answers

1. Which among the following is the most complete definition of Programming?

a) Programming is a process to solve any logical problems.

b) Programming is a process to solve any numerical problem.

c) Programming is a process to solve any real life problems.

d) Programming is the process of taking an algorithm and encoding it into a notation (using a programming language), so that it can be executed by a computer.

Solution: (d) Programming is the process of taking an algorithm and encoding it into a notation, a programming language, so that it can be executed by a computer

2. Which of the following controls the way in which the computer system works and give means by which users can interact with the computer?

a) The motherboard

b) The operating system

c) The application software

d) The RAM

Solution: (b) The operating system

3. CPU consists of

a) ALU, Control Unit

b) ALU, Main memory, Control Unit

c) ALU, monitor, Registers

d) ALU, Control Unit, Hard Disk

Solutions: (a) ALU, Control Unit

4. C was developed by

a) Alan Turing

b) Charles Babbage

c) Ada Lovelace

d) Dennis Ritchie

Solution: (d) Dennis Ritchie

5. C is-

a) General-purpose programming language

b) Domain-specific programming language

c) Page description programming language

d) None of the above

Solution: (a) C is a General-purpose programming language

6. The relation between bit and byte in digital logic is

a) 1 byte = 10 bits

b) 1 byte = 16 bits

c) 1 byte = 8 bits

d) 1 byte = 2 bits

Solution: (c) 1 byte is equal to 8 bits

7.Which of the following is not a programming language?

a) C

b) Unix

c) Java

d) Python

Solution: (b) Unix is an operating system, not a programming language.

8.the binary AND operation of the number"100101" and "110011" result(in decimal)
a)100001
b)2
c)33
d)63
solution: (c) AND operation between two "1" is one otherwise zero. Hence,the result is binary "100001" which is 33 in decimal.

9.which of the following is not an input device of computer?
a)Printer
b)Mouse
c)Keyboard
d)Joystick
Solution: Printer is an output device. All other are input device.

10.The process through which an user can find error(s) in a program is called
a)Processing
b)Compiling
c)searching
d)Debugging

Solution: (d) Debugging is the process of finding error in a computer

11. Algorithm is-

a) A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a human.

b) A process or set of rules to be followed to solve numerical problems only.

c) A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.

d) A process or set of rules to be followed in to solve logical problems only.

Solution: (c) A process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer

12. The lowest form of Computer language is

a) C

b) BASIC

c) FORTRAN

d) Machine language

Solution: (d) Machine language.

13. The software tool that helps a user to interact with computer for a specific purpose are called

a) Operating system

b) Application software

c) Hardware

d) None

Solution: (b) Application software

14. A half of byte is called

a) bit

b) baud

c) nibble

d) none of the above

Solution: (c) nibble

15. ‘C’ in CPU denotes-

a) Common

b) Computing

c) Central

d) Circuitry
Solution: (c) Central

16. The smallest unit that is used for memory storage is-

a) byte

b) bit

c) nibble

d) baud

Solution: (b) bit

17. CPU uses the _____________ to get the address of the next instructions

a) Register

b)instruction register

c) Program Counter

d) RAM

Solution: (c) Program Counter

18. Which one of the following statement is the most appropriate?

a) Pseudo code is basically a diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Whereas in flowchart normal English language is translated into the programming languages to be worked on.

b) Flowchart is diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Pseudo code is just another name of algorithm.

c) Pseudo code is another name of programming. Whereas in flowchart is diagrammatic representation of algorithm.

d) Flowchart is basically a diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Whereas in pseudo code normal English language is translated into the programming languages to be worked on.

Solution: (d) Flowchart is basically a diagrammatic representation of the algorithm. Whereas in pseudo code normal English language is translated into the programming languages to be worked on.

19. What will be the output of the flowchart given below?

a) 20

b) 21

c) 10

d) 0.33

Solution: (b) Y=X/10+2Y => Y=10/10+2*10 => Y=1+20=21

20. The input N from the user is 9. The output of the following algorithm is

a) 81

b)720

c)40320

d) 362880

Solution: (d) The flowchart finds the factorial of the number 9. Hence, the right answer is 9!=362880

21. The following algorithm is used to find a number X is even or odd. What will be the content of the empty box? [Note: The modulo operator (%) returns the remainder of the left side divided by the right side. So 5%2 will evaluate to 1. (5 / 2 = 2 remainder: 1).

a) X%10=0?

b) X/10=0?

c) X/2=0?

d) X%2=0?

Solution: (d) To find whether a number is odd or even, the number has to be divided by 2. If it is equals to zero, then the number is even. Thus, X%2=0? Condition is appropriate.

22. X is an integer (X=3521). The print value of Y of the flowchart below is

a) 10

b) 33552211

c) 1253

d) 0

Solution: (c) The algorithm finds the reverse of the number X. Hence, the output is 1253

23. The section of the CPU that selects, interprets and sees to the execution of program instructions

a) Memory

b) Register Unit

c) Control Unit

d) ALU

Solution: (c) Control unit of the computer helps in maintaining sequence of steps and execute the program

24. In finding maximum number of 3 different numbers, how many decision box will be drawn in the flow chart

a) 3

b) 4

c) 2

d) 1

Solution: (c) Considering maximum of 3 numbers the algorithm is below:

Step 1: Start

Start 2: Input A, B, C

Start 3: Let max = A

Start 4: if B > max then max = B

Start 5: if C > max then max = C

Start 6: Output max is largest

Start 7: Stop

In this above example, two comparisons made with the value of max. It can be presented with two decision boxes in a flowchart.

25. The ________ scans the entire C program and translates it as a whole into machine code.

a) Interpreter

b) Compiler

c) Program counter

d) Operating system

Solution: (b) Compiler

26. User writes a program to solve a particular problem. It may be called

a) a System software

b) an Application software

c) an Assembly programming

d) a Machine level software

Solution: (b) User writes a program to solve specific tasks known as Application software

27. Which of the following is not a C variable?

a) Var123

b) Var_123

c) 123Var

d) X_123_Var

Solution: (c) Variable name must not begin with a digit. So, ‘123Var’ is invalid variable declaration in C.

28. The execution of any C program is

a) Sequential

b) Parallel

c) Multi-threading

d) None of these

Solution: (a) The execution of C program is sequential.

29. Which of the following is a valid C expression?

a) Var_name=1,000;

b) Var name=1000;

c) Var_name=1000;

d) #Var_name=1000;

Solution: (c) 1st option: Comma cannot be used in variable value, 2nd option: blank space cannot be used in variable name, 4th option: special character # cannot be used in variable name only _ can be used. So, the right option is Var_name=1000.

30. What is the output of the following C code?

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int var = 0101;

var=var+5;

printf("%d", var);

return 0;

}

a) 106

b) 70

c) 10

d) Compiler error

Solution: (b) 0101 is octal representation of 65. Thus 65 +5=70 will be stored in var.

31. A function is

a) Block of statements to perform some specific tast

b) It is a fundamental modular unit to perform some task

c) It has a name and can be used multiple times

d) All of the above

Solution: (d) All are true

32. What will be the output? [N.B:- .2f is used to print upto 2 decimal places of a floating point number]

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

float a = 9.0;

printf ("%.2f", (9/5)*a + 10);

return 0;

}

Solution: 19.00

Since 9 and 5 are integers, integer arithmetic happens in subexpression (9/5) and we get 1 as its value. To fix the above program, we can use 9.0 instead of 9 or 5.0 instead of 5 so that floating point arithmetic happens.

33. What will happen if the following C code is executed?

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

int main = 10;

printf("%d", main);

return 0;

}

a) It will cause a compilation error

b) It will cause a run-time error

c) It will run without any error and prints 10

d) It will experience infinite looping

Solution: (c) It will run without any error and prints 10 as ‘main’ is not a keyword and can be used as a variable

34. What is the output of the following program?

#include <stdio.h>

#define a 10

int main()

{

int a=5;

a=a+1;

printf("%d",a);

return 0;

}

a) 10

b) 5

c) 6

d) Compilation error

Solution: (d) #define is a pre-processor and 10 is stored in a. Thus a cannot be declared as a variable. Thus, the compiler will return compilation error.

35. Which is the only function all C programs must contain?

a) main()

b) system()

c) printf()

d) scanf()

Solution: (a) main().

36. We use the concept of function for the following reason

a) To use divide and conquer strategy

b) For code reusability

c) Enhances the logical clarity of the program

d) All of the above.

Solution: (d) All of the above.

37. Which of the following statement is correct?

I. Keywords are those words whose meaning is already defined by Compiler.

II. Keywords cannot be used as variable name.

III. There are 32 keywords in C

IV. C keywords are also called as reserved words.

a) I and II

b) II and III

c) I, II and IV

d) All of the above

Solution: (d) All of the above are correct.

38. What will be the output of the program given below?

#include <stdio.h>

int main()

{

a=7;

printf("%d", a);

return 0;

}

a) 7

b) 0

c) 111

d) Compilation Error

Solution: (d) Variable a is not declared in the scope. Hence compilation error.

39. What is operating system?

a) collection of programs to manage hardware resources

b) system service provider to the application programs

c) link to interface the hardware and application programs

d) all of the above

Solution: (d) all of the above

40. The output of the program is

#include<stdio.h>

int main()

{

int x=5; y=10; z=20;

z=x+y;

printf("%d",z);

return 0;

}

a) 15

b) 20

c) 0

d) Compilation error

Solution: (d) While initializing the variables, “;” indicates the end of the line. Thus after initializing the variable x, the line ends. y and z will be undeclared data type. So, the error will be “y and z are not declared in the scope”.

41. Which of the following statement is correct?
a) Operator precedence determines which operator is performed first in an expression with more than one operator with different precedence. Associativity is used when two operators of same precedence appear in an expression
b) Operator associativity determines which operator is performed first in an expression with more than one operator with different associativity. Precedence is used when two operators of same precedence appear in an expression
c) Operator precedence and associativity are same.
d) None of the above
Solution: (a) Operator precedence determines which operator is performed first in an expression with more than one operator with different precedence, whereas associativity is used when two operators of same precedence appear in an expression

42. Which of the following is correct?
a) All operators with same associativity have same precedence
b) All operators with same precedence have same associativity
c) Associativity and precedence are same thing but named differently in different programming languages
d) None.
Solution: (b) All operators with same precedence have same associativity-- This is necessary, otherwise there won’t be any way for compiler to decide evaluation order of expressions which have two operators of same precedence and different associativity.

43. The precedence of arithmetic operators is (from highest to lowest)
a) %, *, /, +, –
b) %, +, /, *, –
c) +, -, %, *, /
d) %, +, -, *, /
Solution: (a) The precedence order follows the first option (a)

44. What is the output of the following program?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=7, y=5, z;
float w;
z=x%y;
w=x/y;
printf("Value of z and w are %d and %f respectively",z,w);
return 0;
}

a) Value of z and w are 2 and 1 respectively
b) Value of z and w are 2 and 1.400000 respectively
c) Value of z and w are 2.000000 and 1.000000 respectively
d) Value of z and w are 2 and 1.000000 respectively
Solution: (d) Modulo (%) gives the reminder and division (/) gives the quotient of a division operation. As 7/5 is an integer division, so the output will be 1. Here, w is a floating variable, so it will store the value of 1.000000. Thus z and w would be 2 and 1.000000 respectively.

45. What kind of operator is >= ?
a) Arithmetic
b) Logical
c) Relational
d) Bitwise
Solution: (c) Relational operator.

46. What will be the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int a = 4, b = 15, c = 29;
if (c > b > a)
printf("TRUE");
else
printf("FALSE");
return 0;
}

a) TRUE
b) FALSE
c) Syntax Error
d) Compilation Error
Solution: (b) FALSE: (c > b > a) is treated as ((c > b) > a), associativity of '>'
is left to right. Therefore, the value becomes ((29 > 15) > 4) which becomes (1 > 4) thus FALSE.

47. What will be the output?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x;
x= 4<5+3 && 7;
printf("%d", x);
return 0;
}

a) 0
b) 1
c) 7
d) Compilation error
Solution: (b) 1
This expression is equivalent to:
((4< (5 + 3)) && 7)
i.e., (5 + 3) executes first resulting into 8
then, first part of the expression (4 < 8) executes resulting into 1 (TRUE)
Then, (1 && 7) executes resulting into 1 (TRUE)

48. What will be output?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i = 12;
if (i == 10)
printf("i is 10");
else if (i == 15)
printf("i is 15");
else if (i == 20)
printf("i is 20");
else
printf("i is not present");
return 0;
}

a) i is 10
b) i is 15
c) i is 20
d) i is not present
Solution: (d) i is not present
None of the conditionals are true hence final else is executed

49. What will be the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=2;
if(x=1)
printf("TRUE");
else
printf("FALSE");
return 0;
}

a) TRUE
b) FALSE
c) Compilation Error
d) Compiler Dependent
Solution: (a) TRUE
TRUE if(x=1)... "=" is an assignment operator, so 1 will be assigned to x and condition will be true due to if(1).

50. What will be the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
if((-10 && 10) && (4>3))
printf("Condition is true.");
else
printf("Condition is false.");
return 0;
}

a) Condition is true
b) Condition is false
c) Error
d) No output possible
Solution: (a) Condition is true
Any non-zero value is treated as true for condition. Consider the expressions: if( (-10 && 10) && (3>4) ) =if( (1) && (1) ) =if(1)

51. What will be the output of the following C code? [Assume it’s a 32-bit system]

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x= 70;
printf("%c", x);
return 0;

}

a) 70
b) F
c) 70.0
d) Compilation error
Solution: (b) Assume it is a 32-bit machine. So, the compiler allocates 2 bytes for the integer x in its memory. So it will be 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 | 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 The size of a character is of 1 byte in C, so it will take only the first byte from the right hand side i.e. 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 and print the corresponding ASCII value i.e. F.

52. What will be the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x= 7, y= 10;
if (!(!x) && y)
printf("%d", x);
else
printf("%d", y);
return 0;
}

a) 7
b) 10
c) 1
d) 0
Solution: (a)
!(!x) = x i.e. x and y both are non-Zero value and equal to 1 (True). Therefore, the statement is True.

53. What is the output of the following C code?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=9, y=5, z=3;
printf("%d\n", x-x/y*y%z);
return 0;
}

a) 5.4
b) 16
c) 7
d) 1
Solution: (c)
x-x/y*y%z here the operators /, * and % have the same precedence. So they will be calculated from left to right.
Therefore, x – x/y*y%z = 9 – 9 / 5 * 5 % 3 = 9 – 1 * 5 % 3 (integer part of 9/5 = 1) = 9 – 5 % 3 = 9 – 2 = 7

54. What will be the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x;
x=(7+6)%5/2;
printf("%d\n", x);
return 0;
}

a) 0
b) 1
c) 0.5
d) Compilation error
Solution: (b)
x = (7+6)%5/2 = 13%5/2 (As ( operator have higher precedence) = 3/2 (As % and / has same precedence and will be operator from left to right) = 1 (as only x is an integer)

55. Which of the following operator has the highest precedence?
a) !
b) %
c) +
d) >
Solution: (a) ! (NOT) has the highest precedence

56. In C program ‘&’ is used in ‘scanf’ to indicate
a) AND operation
b) Memory location
c) Value of the variable
d) Value at the memory location.
Solution: (b) ‘&’ is used to indicate the memory location where the value of the variable will be stored after taking input from standard input device.

57. What is the output of the following C code?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 1;
if (x == 0)
if (x >= 0)
printf("true\n");
else
printf("false\n");
return 0;
}

a) true
b) false
c) Depends on computer
d) Nothing is printed
Solution: (d) x is initialized with 1 and the “if” statement compares it with 0, thus the “if condition” is “false” and the nested “if” statements do not get executed. Hence, the program do not prints anything.

57. Compute the printed value of i for the C program given below

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=1;
i = ++i + i;
printf("%d",i);
return 0;
}

Solution: 4 is printed. Since ++ is pre-increment operator. It increments the operator by one and then assignment is done. Thus the incremented value of i which becomes 2 and added to it and the result is 4.

58. The control/conditional statements used in C is/are
a) if-else statements
b) switch statements
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) None of these
Solution: (c) Both if-else and switch statements are conditional statements in C.

59. What is the output of the following C code?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a = 1;
if (a--)
printf("True\n");
if (++a)
printf("False\n");
return 0;
}
a) ‘True’ will be printed
b) ‘False’ will be printed
c) Both ‘True’ and ‘False’ will be printed
d) Nothing will be printed
Solution: (c) ‘a--’ post-increment the value of a. Thus, the if statement is executed as the value of a is considered as 1 which is true. ‘++a’ pre-increment the value of a. Thus, the decremented value of a (which is 0) is incremented first and then assigned. So, both the if statements are executed ad correspondingly both True and False will be printed.

60. Switch statement accepts
a) int
b) char
c) long
d) All of the above
Solution: (d) Integer, character and long constants are accepted in switch statements.

71. What is the output of the following program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int k = 1;
for (k)
printf("Hello");
return 0;
}

a) ‘Hello’ will be printed once
b) No output
c) Varies depending on computer
d) Compilation error
Solution: (d) The correct syntax of for loop is not written, thus the compiler will return error.

72. The loop which is executed at least once is
a) while
b) do-while
c) for
d) none of the above
Solution: (b) do-while loop is executed at least once even though the condition is false.

73. If multiple conditions are used in a single if statement then the testing of those conditions are done
a) From Right to Left
b) From Left to right
c) Randomly
d) None
Solution: (b) Multiple conditions are tested from Left to right

74. What will be the value of a, b, c after the execution of the followings
int a=10,b=7,c=125;
c /= ++a * --b;
a) a=11, b=7,c=0;
b) a=10, b=6,c=1;
c) a=11, b=6,c=1;
d) a=10, b=7,c=0;
Solution: (c) ++a * --b is computed as (a=a+1)*(b=b-1)  (11)*(6)=66
c/=66  c=c/66  c=125/66=1 (as c is integer)
Hence the right answer is a=11, b=6 and c=1

75. Which statement is correct for the following lines?

switch(month)
{
case < 30:
printf(“It’s February”);
default:
printf(“It’s not February”);
}

a) It’s perfectly fine
b) It will print both statements
c) It will give a compilation error
d) More information required
Solution: (c) Compilation error. Because only equality can be checked in case. Not <,>,<=,>= etc.

76. How many times “Hello” will be printed when the following code is executed?

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int i=6;
while(--i>0)
printf("Hello\t");
returne()
}

Solution: 5
We have declared and initialize the variable i = 6, the condition is (--i > 0). Here i is pre-decremented once by one until it becomes 1. It will be 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 for each iteration.

77. What will be the output of the following program?

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x = 1;
switch (x)
{
case 1: printf("Choice is 1 \n");
default: printf("Choice other than 1 \n");
}
return 0;
}

a) Choice is 1
b) Choice other than 1
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Syntax error
Solution: (c)
Since “break;” statement is not used after print statement, it will execute the default instruction as well.

78. What will be the output?

#include <stdio.h>
int main () {
int a = 10;
do {
printf("%d ", a);
a++;
}while( a >= 20 );
printf("%d ", a);
return 0;
}
a) 10 10
b) 10 11 12 … 20 20
c) 10 11 12 … 20 21
d) 10 11
Solution: (d)
The loop body is executed once due to false conditional checking. Hence, 10 is printed within the loop. While exiting the loop the value of a is incremented to 11. So, after the loop 11 will be printed.

79. What will be printed when the following code is executed?

#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int i
for(i=0;i<5;++i);
printf("%d ",i);
return 0;
}

a) 0 1 2 3 4 5
b) 0 1 2 3 4
c) 5
d) 0
Solution: (c)
“printf” is a separate instruction as it is not included within the loop. There is a semicolon “;” after the for loop. After the execution of loop printf statement prints the value of i (as updated in the loop) i.e. 5.

programming

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C program for practice

1.Write a C Program to calculates the area (floating point number with two decimal places) of a Circle given it’s radius (integer value). The value of Pi is 3.14.

3.Write a C Program to find the Largest Number (integer) among Three Numbers (integers) using IF and Logical && operator.

Introduction to c language

Introduction to c

History of C Language

It was developed to overcome the problems of previous languages such as B, BCPL, etc. Initially, C language was developed to be used in UNIX operating system. It inherits many features of previous languages such as B and BCPL.

Features of c

c programming MCQ questions and answers

c programming MCQ questions and answers

It was developed to overcome the problems of previous languages such as B, BCPL, etc.

Initially, C language was developed to be used in UNIX operating system. It inherits many features of previous languages such as B and BCPL.