Indonesia Culture

The Temples In Indonesia

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The Temple Of Sari Bendan

The Temple Of Sewu

The Temple Of Sukuh

The Temple Of Sambisari

The Temple Of Plaosan
Distric Of Plaosan

The Temple Of Asu

The Temple Of Panatar

The Temple Of Mendut
(Magelang-Center Java)

The Temple Of Kidal

The Temple Of Batu Jaya

The Temple Of Jago

The Temple Of Ceto
(Slopes of Gunung Lawu Near)

The Temple Of Prambanan (Center Java)

The Temple Of Gatot Kaca

The Temple Of Cangkuang (Distric Of Cangkuang)

The Temple Of Brahma
(Magelang-Center Java)

The Temple Of Boko

The Temple Of Bajang Ratu

The Temple Of Arjuna

The Temple Of Mendut
(Magelang-Center Java)

Province Of North Maluku

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Port of Maluku

Welcome....................It is a gift of Allah Almighty bestowed the greatest to the community in this area, namely the establishment of Law No. 46 Year 1999 on the Establishment of the Province of North Maluku, Buru regency and West Southeast Maluku District. Ideals of the long struggle for a society of North Maluku province area has finally been realized. Manifestation of gratitude must be realized in the form and spirit of undertaking the responsibility to build the province of North Maluku and strategically planned for the welfare of the people who profusely.

Cakalele Tradition

As stipulated by Law No. 22 on Regional Governance and Law No. 25 Year 1999 on Financial Balance and the Center for Local Government, and Government Regulation No. 25 Year 2000 concerning the authority of the Government and the Provinces as Autonomous Region, has brought a fresh new look for the implementation of regional autonomy , where area is given the authority to control and manage his own household. Consequently, there would be changes in the fundamental system of governance, both at central, provincial and regency / city.

Gamalama Mountain

Crash in line with the reform era and the era of regional autonomy and strong community desire to make the division of North Maluku Regency / Municipality in order to shorten the span of government control and service improvement of governance at the province of North Maluku, North Maluku Province received the 5 (five) regional division of County / City, based on Law No. 1 Year 2003 regarding the establishment of North Halmahera, East Halmahera, South Halmahera, Sula Islands District, and Tidore. Therefore, after going through petanaan local authorities, the North Maluku province has 8 districts / cities, namely: 1) district of West Halmahera (North Maluku), 2) Central Halmahera District, 3) Ternate, 4) North Halmahera District, 5) East Halmahera District, 6) South Halmahera District, 7) District Sula Islands, and 8) Tidore.

Demands to achieve good governance (good governance) and clean government (Clean Government), has been addressed by the government, with the issuance of Government Instruction No. 7 of 1999 dated June 15, 1999 about the Government Performance Accountability.

Economy

Regional economy are mainly from people's economy relies on agriculture, fisheries, and other types of seafood.

Island Maluku

Private economic locomotion showed export orientation, among others:

* Processing of Wood (Halmahera Island)
* Falabisahaya (Mangoli Island)
* Banana Plantation in Galela (Halmahera Island)
* Fisheries with fishery involving the people, by PT Mina Enterprises (SOEs) in mining
* Gold Mine by PT Nusa Halmahera Minerals in Kao and Malifut (Halmahera Island)
* Nickel Mine by PT Aneka Tambang on Gebe Island and Pulau Pakal

Province Of West Papua

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Owned by the provincial tourism potential in Indonesia is almost complete. Its nature is still original, distinctive and unique culture, special interests that are not less interesting nautical with other areas of Indonesias even though foreign tourists. All this has not been touched and even arranged to be the object and the leading tourist attraction for visiting tourists, especially the permanent snow in the mountains of central and Lorentz National Park which covers 2.5056 million hectares. This region is the largest conservation area in southeast Asia, located at an altitude of 0-4884 m above sea level and spread over four districts, Namely: Jayawijaya, Mimika, Puncak Jaya and Asmat. Lorentz National Park conservation area is not as common as lainny region but on the date of December 12, 1999 the United Nations through the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was officially designated as a world heritage site Alama has approximately 43 types of ecosystems, regions that have glaciers Tropics (Carstensz Peak) and the menakjudkan Habema lake, decorated with alpine meadows and swamps.

There's more in Merauke Wasur National Park with various species of mammals, the National Park Bay of paradise with a variety of marine life and beautiful coral and do not miss all the cultural potency which is usually displayed at the Festival Baliem Valley and the Asmat and other tourism activities such as Trekking, Hiking, Hunting and Adventuring.

TRANSPORTATION

* Air Transportation
In Papua there are hundreds airstrip, nearly all districts have the airstrip. Large airfield was Frans Kaisepo in Biak, Sentani in Jayapura, Timika and Merauke can be visited such as Jumbo jets Large aircraft, Boing 737 and DC 19 from Jakarta, Surabaya, Makassar with penerbanagan airline Garuda Indonesia Airline (GIA), Merpati Nusantara Airlines (MNA), Efata Air, Batavia Air, Express Air and Water Trigana. For the district with the airstrip ang Other smaller airlines serviced by Merpati Nusantara Airlines (MNA) da Trigana Air by Twin Otter plane like a Cessna.

* Sea Transportation
There are several sea Port District, which is Jayapura, Biak, Yapen, Nabire, Merauke, Timika, Agats and Sorong, who visited several ships, among others:

* KM Dorolonda sailing from Surabaya, Makassar, Kupang, Ambonm Fakfak, Sorong, Manokwari, Jayapura

* KM Nggapulu the berlaar from Jakarta, Surabaya, Balikpapan, Pantolan, Bitung, Ternate, Sorong, Manokwari, Nabire, Serui, Biak and Jayapura

* KM Labobar sailing from Batam, Jakarta, Surabaya, Makassar, Sorong, Manokwari, Nabire and Jayapura.

* KM Sinabung which sailed from Jakarta, Semarang, Surabaya, Makassar, odor-odor, Banggai, Bitung, Ternate, Sorong, Manokwari, Biak, Serui, Jayapura.

* Ground Transportation
There is public transport, charter and in all the districts in Papua have alan linking Districts, Villages and Cities

Mining Of Freeport

The information about how OTHER
* Visa / Passport
There are about 45 states that do not require a visa for coming to Indonesia for the past 60 days. Those countries diantarana Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Danish, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Malasia, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand Recently, Norway, Philippines, Arabic, Singapore, Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United States, UK and Venezuela. It is important to memerikasa passport before coming in Indonesian. Make sure your passport is still valid at least six months from the date of arrival. For security purposes you should make a photo copy all the files, such as passports, visas, identity cards and separate them from the other original to maintain the possibility of missing.

* Clothing
Large parts of Indonesia have a hot and humid weather, casual clothing that absorbs sweat very encouraged to apply. Wamena region (Baliem Valley) Jayawijaya rather low temperature, so you need to bring a sweater. The situation in Papua erratic weather, sometimes hot sometimes rain, so we suggest you bring an umbrella or raincoat. In addition, you also need to use a good shoe for a trip, namuk drugs, mosquito nets and anti-malarial drugs.

* Customs
Standard rules in bringing cigarettes and liquor are two literminuman berakohol official. 200 cigars / cigarettes, 100 grams of tobacco. The Indonesian government strictly prohibits the circulation of narcotics, drugs, liquor, pornography and gambling. If there is wear or violate government regulations regarding the above matters will be in the process of legally applicable in Indonesia.

* Street Letter
To visit the hinterlands and other towns outside of Biak, Jayapura and Sorong required Letter Road, commonly abbreviated as "SKJ" which contains information such as passport number, passport size photos, and names of cities / places would you visit ang . SKJ can be obtained at the Police Office of Biak, Jayapura and Sorong. You are also advised to make several copies after SKJ accepted due to visit the places your destination, must show Passport to SKJ and local police officers.

King Of Ampat Island

Sudirman Mountain in Papua Province

Trikora Mountain

* Time Zone
Papua is located in the easternmost part of Indonesia, the applicable time here is EDT (Eastern Indonesi time) with nine hours from the time selisish Greewich

* Banking, Currency and Working Hours
Part of the Office and the Bank open hours till 15:00 MSK 8:00 CDT. In every district there is Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) and Bank of Papua. While in all the capital of the parent (big cities) already exists Bank Mandiri, Bank Internasional Indonesia (BII), Indonesi National Bank (BNI 46), Bank Central Asia (BCA) and Bank Danamon is already equipped with an ATM (Automatic Teller Machine). Foreign currencies like U.S. $, Aus $, Japanese Yen and the Euro may at exchange rates in banks BNI, BII and Bank Mandiri, in addition to credit cards can be accepted in hotels, restaurants and supermarkets. Fractional Currency in circulation in Indonesia ranging from USD coin. 100, -, Rp. 200, -, RP. 500, - USD banknotes. 1000, -, Rp. 5000, -, Rp. 10.000, -, 20.000, -, 50.000, - and Rp. 100.000, -

* Post & Telecommunications
Post and Telecommunications in Papua has been growing rapidly, all the districts already have a network of Post and Telephone. Television and Radio also has to reach all districts in Papua, especially the capital district. Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) to broadcast local events in Papua and also national and international news from the national radio station in Central Jakarta.

Province Of West Sulawesi

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Geograhic

West Sulawesi province was split from South Sulawesi province. Province which was established on October 5, 2004 is based on Law No. 26 Year 2004. Its capital is Mamuju. The total area of approximately 16,796.19 km ². and consists of Ethnic Mandar (49.15%), Toraja (13.95%), Bugis (10.79%), Java (5.38%), Makassar (1.59%) and others (19.15% ).

Natural Source of Wealth

West Sulawesi is known as a tourist location. Apart from cocoa, the area is also producing robusta coffee or coffee, coconut, and clove. In the mining sector there is the content of gold, coal, and petroleum.

Province of North Sulawesi

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North Sulawesi Province is located in the peninsula of Sulawesi Island (near-letter K). North Sulawesi Province consists of several counties and cities.

Marore Island

Land Park of Bunaken

Province of South Sulawesi

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South Sulawesi is a province of Indonesia, located in the southern part of Sulawesi. The capital city is Makassar, formerly known as no longer significant.
Geography

South Sulawesi Province is situated in 0 ° 12 '- 8 ° south latitude and 116 ° 48' - 122 ° 36 'East Longitude. Area of 62482.54 km ². The province is bordered by Central Sulawesi and West Sulawesi to the north, the Gulf of Bone and Southeast Sulawesi in the east, west of Makassar Strait and Flores Sea in the south.

SOCIAL COMMUNITY

Women from Ethnic Toraja with customary clothing
Bugis, Makassar, Mandar, Toraja, Duri, Pattinjo, Maroangin, Endekan, Pattae, and Kajang / Konjo

Language

Common language used was Makassar, Bugis, Luwu, Toraja, Mandar, Duri, Konjo, and Pattae

Religion

Muslim majority, except in Tana Toraja and other parts of the Christian religion.

POPULATION

Up to June 2006, the number of residents in South Sulawesi as many as 7,520,204 registered inhabitants, with the distribution of 3.602 million males and 3,918,204 females

GOVERMENT

Five years after independence, the government issued Law Number 21 Year 1950, which became the legal basis for the establishment of the Administrative Province of Sulawesi. 10 years later, the government issued Law Number 47 Year 1960 which authorize the formation of South and Southeast Sulawesi. Four years later, through Law No. 13 Year 1964 separating government from South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi. Finally, the government of South Sulawesi split into two, based on Law Number 26 Year 2004.

Picture of Coal

District Majene, Mamasa, Mamuju, North Mamuju and Polewali Mandar who had been a district in South Sulawesi province officially became a district in the province of West Sulawesi province in line with the establishment on October 5, 2004 based on Law Number 26 Year 2004.

Province of Southeast Sulawesi

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HISTORY

Southeast Sulawesi established as an Autonomous Region, based Regulation No. 1964. 13 Year in 1964. Initially consisting of four (four) districts are: District of Kendari, Kolaka, Muna and Buton District with the City as the provincial capital of Kendari. After expansion, Southeast Sulawesi has 10 counties and two cities.

Demographics

In 1990 the total population of about 1,349,619 inhabitants of Southeast Sulawesi. Then in 2000 increased to 1,776,292 inhabitants and according to the National Economic Social Survey 2005 Central Bureau of Statistics is the number 1959. 414 inhabitants.

Southeast Sulawesi population growth rate during 1990-2000 was 2.79% per year and the years 2004-2005 to 0.02. Population growth rate according to the district during the period 2004-2005 only city of Kendari and Muna which showed positive growth of 0.03% and 0.02% per year, while other districts showed negative growth.

Sultra population age structure in 2005, people aged under 15 years 700 433 inhabitants / 35.75% of the total population. While the female population reached 984 987 inhabitants (20:27%) and male population reaching 974 427 inhabitants (49.73%).

ECONOMY

Some commodity Southeast Sulawesi, among others:

1. Agriculture, including cocoa, cashew nuts, coconut, clove, coffee, pepper and vanilla nut
2. Forestry, including logs and sawn timber
3. Fisheries, including inland fisheries and sea fisheries
4. Livestock, including cows, buffaloes and goats
5. Mining, including asphalt, nickel, gold, marble, semi precious stones, ONIX, limestone and clay
6. Tourism, covers

Buton Palace Fortress, the largest castle in the world located in the City Baubau

* Tour history such as: 1. Buton Palace fortress, in the City of Baubau which is the largest castle in the world; 2. Malige Palace, in the city with unique architecture Tribe Baubau Buton and is a traditional building that is not menggunkan nails; 3. Kasulana Tombi, in which a former City Baubau flagpole Buton Sultanate of an age of more than three centuries; 4. Buton Palace The Great Mosque (Masigi Ogena), in the City of Baubau which is the first mosque that stood in Southeast Sulawesi; 5. Kampua, in the City of Baubau which is the currency of the Kingdom and the Sultanate of Buton;

Traditional House Buton, do not use nails but can stand firm

* Tour culture such as: 1. Woven in the town of Baubau Buton, Buton and North Buton; 2. Ikat Weaving at Wakatobi, 3. Dance Lariangi from Wakatobi; 4. Dance Balumpa from Wakatobi; 5. Pekande-kandea, public ceremonial Buton Kingdom (Buton, Buton Utara, City Baubau, Wakatobi); 6. Iron Craftsmen in Tomia, Wakatobi, 7. Ceremony Posuo (Buton Community Kingdom); 8. Ceremony Kabuenga, from Wakatobi; 9. Ceremony Karia, from Perfume-scented at Wakatobi, 10. Ceremony Mataa, from Buton, 11. Andala Tururangiana Ceremony, from the island of Makassar in the City of Baubau, 12. Khagati traditional kites from Muna; 13. Banana Dance Cut from Kabaena in Bombana; 14. Horse complaints from Muna; 15 Ceremony Religion Goraana Oputa by people of Buton Kingdom; 16. Religion Ceremony Qunua by the people of Buton Kingdom; 17. Lute & Dole-Dole, musical instruments typical people of Buton Kingdom; 19. Attractions in the City Dragon Boat Baubau; 20. Dance Lulo Alu from Kabaena Bombana; 21. Bangka customary Upcara Mbule Mbule in Wakatobi;

Wakatobi, underwater paradise

* Nature Tours such as:
1. Wakatobi National Park in the Wakatobi which is a paradise underwater world of coral triangle which has as many as 750 coral species, 850 coral species from the world.
2. Nirwana Beach City Baubau
3. Lakeba Beach City Baubau
4. Cave City Baubau Moko
5. Cave City lakasa Baubau
6. Kamali Beach City Baubau
7. City Wantiro Baubau
8. Tirta Rimba Forest City Baubau
9. Poaro in Kota Batu Baubau
10. Cave City Kaisabu Baubau
11. Lagawuna Baubau City
12. Waterfall City Samparona Baubau
13. Forest Lambusango in Buton that have good biodiversity of endemic flora and fauna including Anoa
14. Wildlife in North Buton Buton North
15. Wakonti Nature Reserve in the City of Baubau
16. Baptismal reached at City Baubau
17. Baubau times in the City of Baubau
18. City Kolagana Baubau; Sulaa Baubau City
19. Underwater Tours Basilica in Buton, which is an integrated development area Basilica (Batauga Island, Island Siompu, Liwutongkidi Island, and Island Kadatua). The goal is to develop marine tourism object (submarine) in the district with a rich variety of attractions that baharinya
20. Letters in the City Baubau Baubau
21. Tamborasi River which is the shortest river in the world located in North Kolaka
22. Waterfall Moramo in WakatobiRegency
23. Goa Kobori in Muna
24. Lake Napabale in Muna
25. Kaburaburana, waterfalls bertinkat in Buton.

Province of Central Kalimantan

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HISTORY

In the 14th century kingdom ruled Gastric Mangkurat Dipa State with its territory from the Cape of Tanjung Putting Silat up with areas called Sakai namely Barito river area, Tabalong, Balangan, Pitap, fruit, Amandit, Labuan Amas, Biaju Small / Kapuas, Biaju Large / Kahayan, Sebangau, Mendawai, Katingan, Sampit and Wasters under the Mantri Sakai, was not included in Kotawaringin which in those days was a separate kingdom. Central Kalimantan are still included within the territory of the Sultanate of Banjar, the successor State Dipa. In the 16th century, King Maruhum berkuasalah Nyai Panambahan who married late Lawai, a daughter of Dayak children Patih Rumbih Biaju. Dipati Ngganding King Maruhum ordered to rule in the country Kotawaringin. Dipati Ngganding replaced by Prince Dipati Anta-law-son of King Kasuma Kotawaringin Maruhum as the first king with the title of Queen City Waringin. Anta-Kasuma Dipati Prince is the husband of the daughter named Andin Dipati Ngganding and daughter Mantri Kahayan Nyai Tapu. In Kotawaringin Prince Dipati Anta-Kasuma married local women and children obtain the Prince and Princess Amas Lanting. Prince Queen Amas Amas whose surname is at the king's successor Kotawaringin Kotawaringin now continue until the King is the Queen of Prince Alidin Alamsyah Sukma. August 13, 1787 according to the treaty, the Sultan of Banjar handed Tahmidullah II areas in Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, part of West Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and some (including the branch) to the VOC, while the Sultanate of Banjar itself with the remaining area (the area until Tamiang Martapura overpass) into areas of VOC-Dutch protectorate. On May 4, 1826 Adam al-Sultan of Banjar Watsiqu Billah reaffirms its delivery area in Central Kalimantan other regions to the Dutch East Indies colonial administration.

CONDITIONAL AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Natural Condition

Northern Mountains consist Swachner Muller and hills, southern lowlands, swamp, marsh-marsh. Bordered by three Indonesian province of East Kalimantan, South and West as well as the Java Sea. Humid tropical climate, crossed by the equator line.

Biodiversity

Many still unknown, with the range of coastal areas, mountains / hills, plains and marshes, all kinds of tropical vegetation dominate this area of nature. Orangutans are still many of endemic animals in Central Kalimantan, particularly in the area of Tanjung Putting National Park, which reached 300,000 hectares in West and Seruyan Kotawaringin. There are bears, porcupines, gibbons, gibbons, monkey, monkey, proboscis monkey, pangolin, crocodile, slow loris, freshwater whale (tampahas), Arowana, manjuhan, marine turtles, bald, bird rangkong, parrot / parrots and other varied high.

Natural Resources

80% forest dominated the area. Primary forest remaining around 25% of the area. Large field currently dominated gardens start to reach 700 000 hectares of Palm (2007). Rubber and rattan plantations the people are still scattered in nearly all regions, especially in the district of Kapuas, Katingan, Home Knives, Gunung Mas and East Kotawaringin. Many kinds of natural resources potential, among others, who had gained coal, gold, zircon, iron. There is also copper, kaolin, gemstones and others.

Province of West Kalimantan

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HISTORY

According kakawin Nagarakertagama (1365), West Kalimantan, Majapahit conquered, even since the time of the call Bakulapura Singhasari. According to the Hikayat Banjar (1663), the country Sambas, Sukadana and countries in Batang Lawai (the ancient name of the Kapuas River) had been conquered since the days of the Hindu kingdom of Banjar. Since October 1, 1609, the Kingdom of Sambas into areas of VOC-Dutch protectorate. October 20, 1756 according to the agreement of the Dutch East India Company will assist the Sultan of Banjar Tamjidullah I returned to conquer the areas that separate them Sanggau, Sintang and Lawai (Melawi). By deed dated March 26, 1778 Hedgehogs and Sukadana country handed over to the Dutch East India Company by the Sultan of Banten. These are areas that originally belonged to the Dutch VOC protectorate area in addition to Sambas. In the same year Prince Sharif Abd-Dutch VOC Alkadrie sanctioned as the first Sultan of Pontianak in the region are owned by the Dutch. In 1789 the Sultan of Pontianak assisted Lan Fang Kongsi-Dutch East India Company was ordered to occupy the country Mempawah. On May 4, 1826 Sultan of Banjar handed Adam Barley, Sintang and Lawai (Melawi) to the Dutch East Indies colonial administration. In 1855, the country entered into the Sambas region form the Dutch East Indies Residency of Sambas.

At the time of the Dutch East Indies government based on the Decree of Governor-General that was published in 1938 No STB. 352, among others, regulate and stipulate that the capital of an administrative region located in Banjarmasin Borneo Gouvernement divided into two Residentir, one of whom is Residentie Westerafdeeling Van to the capital, Pontianak, Borneo, led by a prefect.

On January 1, 1957 WK officially became an independent province on Borneo island, based on Law No. 25 year 1956 dated December 7, 1956. The law has also been the basis for the formation of two other provinces in the archipelago's largest island. These two provinces are in South Kalimantan and East Kalimantan

Economy
[Edit] Agriculture & Plantation

West Kalimantan has the potential of agriculture and plantation which is relatively abundant. WK agricultural products include rice, corn, soybeans, and others. Meanwhile, plantation crops such as rubber, oil palm, coconut, aloe vera, and others.

ART and CULTURE
Traditional Dances

Dance Monong / Manang / Baliatn, a dance Healing contained in all the Dayak community. dance serves as a repellent / healer / antidote to the disease the patient can recover with the dancers acting as shaman incantations. this dance is present when the shaman is in a state of trance, and dance is part of traditional ceremonies Bemanang / Balian.

Dance by side, A Dance Single at the Dayak Mualang SEKADAU District which in the present as a dance entertainment community for sustenance / dagger / food given by God. Dance is used as a media attraction by side, and this dance depart from the ancestral culture in the past, which is closely related to the acceptance / welcoming guests / hero.

Dance Jonggan merupkan Kendayan Dayak social dance in the Kubu Raya, Mempawah, Hedgehogs can still be found and enjoyed visually, this dance meceritakan joy and happiness in the association of young Dayak helm. In this dance of the guests who come are generally invited to dance together.

Dance is a dance kondan association rhyme and accompanied by traditional music Sanggau Kapuas Dayak community, the arts are sometimes accompanied by guitar kondan this. These are the words of art kondan happiness of guests who visit and stay overnight in their regions. This art is done by dancing and unrequited rhyme.

Dance Zapin West Kalimantan Malays in society, is a social dance in society, as the media said the happiness in the association. if he uses Tembung property, then called Zapin tembung, if using a fan so called Zapin fan.

Province of East Kalimantan

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HISTORY

Before the entry of the tribes of Sarawak and tribal migrants from outside the island, the area was very sparsely populated. Before the arrival of the Dutch there were several kingdoms in East Kalimantan, including Kutaisi (Hindu), Labour ing Martadipura Sultanate, the Sultanate of Sand, Sultanate Bulungan.

According to the Hikayat Banjar, East Kalimantan region (Pasir, Kutai, Berau, Karasikan) is part of the territory conquered the Sultanate of Banjar, even since the era of the Hindus. In the Hikayat Banjar mention that in the mid-17th century Sultan of Makassar borrowed land as a place to trade includes the area east and southeast of Borneo to the Sultan of Banjar Mustain Billah Martasura Kiai at the time was sent to Makassar and entered into an agreement with I Mangadacinna Daeng Sitaba Karaeng namely the Sultan of Tallo Pattingalloang who served Mangkubumi for Sultan Raja Gowa Malikussaid year 1638-1654 which will make the East Kalimantan region as a place of trade for the Sultanate of Makassar (Gowa-Tallo), thus began berdatanganlah ethnic origin of South Sulawesi. Since August 13, 1787, the Sultan of Banjar handed Tahmidullah II East Kalimantan form the company's VOC-the Dutch and the Sultanate of Banjar itself with the remaining territory into areas of VOC-Dutch protectorate. According to the treaty January 1, 1817, Sultan Sulaiman of Banjar handed East Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan and some part of South Kalimantan (including the branch) to the Dutch East Indies. On May 4, 1826, Adam al-Sultan of Banjar Watsiq Billah reaffirm handover region of East Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, West Kalimantan and some part of South Kalimantan to the Dutch East Indies colonial administration. In 1846, the Dutch began to place the Assistant Resident in Samarinda, East Borneo to the region (now the province of East Kalimantan and the eastern part of South Kalimantan) named H. Von Dewall.

East Kalimantan Province, other than as an administrative entity, as well as ecological and historical unity. East Kalimantan as an administrative area established pursuant to Law Number 25 Year 1956 with the first Governor of the APT Pranoto.

Previously, East Kalimantan is one of the residency of the province of Kalimantan. In accordance with the aspirations of the people, since 1956 the region separated into three Provinces, namely East Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and West Kalimantan.

ECONOMY

The main result of this province are mining products such as oil, natural gas, and coal. Other sectors growing yangkini is agriculture, tourism, and manufacturing industries.

Some regions such as Balikpapan and Bontang began developing industrial estates every sector to accelerate economic growth. While the districts in East Kalimantan are now starting to open its territory to be made, such as oil palm plantations, etc..

East Kalimantan has several interesting tourist destinations such as Derawan in Berau islands, the Kayan Mentarang National Park and Beach Stone Lamampu in Nunukan, crocodile farm in Balikpapan, deer farms in Penajam, Pampang Dayak Village in Samarinda, Tarakan City Beach Amal, at Jade Island Tenggarong, and others. In east Kalimantan approximately 1000-189.000 plant species growing around such a black orchid price per flower can reach 100000-500000 But there are obstacles in the heading above places namely transportation. Many parts in this province still do not have asphalt roads, so many people travel by boat and aircraft and would not be surprised if in East Kalimantan has a lot of pioneering airports. In addition, there will be making plans Balikpapan-Samarinda Highway-Bontang-Sangata to facilitate economic

SOCIAL COMMUNITY
Tribe Nation
The main article for this section are: Ethnic groups in East Kalimantan
Dances of the Kenyah Dayak people.

East Kalimantan has several kinds of races. been known by the wider community, but in addition there is a Dayak tribe who also plays an important role in the tribe of Kutai, East Kalimantan. Kutai Tribe is a tribe of native melayu East Kalimantan, which originally inhabited the coastal region of East Kalimantan. Then stand the two kingdoms in its development of Kutai, Kutai kingdom Martadipura first standing with his king Mulawarman, and also the last royal standing member of Parliament who later conquered Martadipura Kutaisi, and then changed its name to the kingdom of Labour Martadipura Ing.

In East Kalimantan, there are also many immigrants from outside the tribe tribes, like the Bugis, Java and Makassar. Javanese and Bugis languages are two of the many regional languages used by the people of East Kalimantan. Bugis many inhabit Borneo, Samarinda and Bontang Sangatta. While the tribes inhabiting Java lots of Samarinda and Balikpapan.

REGIONAL LANGUAGE
The main article for this section are: Languages areas of East Kalimantan

Regional languages in the Austronesian language of East Kalimantan is a Malayo-Polynesian family, including the Language Tidung, Banjar Language, Language Berau and Kutai language. Other languages are Bahasa Lundayeh.

History of West Sumatra

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HISTORY
Regions of West Sumatra in the past is part of the Kingdom Pagaruyung. In adminisitrasi Dutch East Indies colonial administration, the area was incorporated in the Gouvernement Sumatra's Westkust which also includes Tapanuli, then in 1905 became Residentie Tapanuli Tapanuli area besides Residentie Padangsche Benedenlanden and Residentie Padangsche Bovenlanden. Later in the year 1914, Gouvernement Sumatra's Westkust, demoted to Residentie Sumatra's Westkust and in 1935 was merged into the Kerinci region of Sumatra's Residentie Westkust.

During the Japanese occupation of Sumatra's Westkust Residentie renamed Nishi Kaigan Sumatora Bangkinang Shu and released into the area in Riau region Shu

At the beginning of the independence of Indonesia, West Sumatra region incorporated in the province, based in Medan, Sumatra. Sumatra Province was then divided into three, namely North Sumatra, Central Sumatra, and South Sumatra. West Sumatra is part of the prefecture in the province of Central Sumatra and Riau and Jambi.

Under the emergency law number 19 year 1957, Central Sumatra was then divided again into West Sumatra, Riau and Jambi. Kerinci region which was previously incorporated in the South Coastal District Kerinci, resident of West Sumatra, Jambi provinces combined into a separate district. At the beginning of this new provincial capital of Bukittinggi, but later moved into the field.

GEOGRAPHIC
West Sumatra in the west central part of Sumatra island, has a low plateau on the west coast, as well as the volcanic plateau which formed the Bukit Barisan stretching from northwest to southeast. Entire shoreline of this province in touch with the Indian Ocean along 375 km. Mentawai Islands, located in the Indian Ocean and a few dozen miles off the coast of West Sumatra, including in this province.

West Sumatra has several lakes including Maninjau (99.5 km ²), Singkarak (130.1 km ²), Above (31.5 km ²), Under (Dibaruh) (14.0 km ²) and Talang (5.0 km ²).

Several large rivers on the island of Sumatra, tipped in the province, including the River Siak, Rokan River, River Inderagiri (referred to as the upper reaches of Batang Kuantan), Kampar and Batang Hari River. All of this river empties into the east coast of Sumatra, Riau and Jambi provinces. While the rivers that empties into the west coast a short distance. Some of them are Batang Anai, Batang Arau, and Trunk Tarusan.

The mountains in West Sumatra is Marapi (2891 m), Sago (2271 m), Singgalang (2877 m), Tandikat (2438 m), Talamau (2912 m), Talang (2572 m), Pasaman (2190 m), Grey (2179 m), violence (2039 m), Mande Rubiah (2430 m), Tambin (2271 m), Ambun (2060 m).

West Sumatra is one of the provinces in Indonesia's rich biodiversity resources. Most of the area is still a natural tropical forests and protected. Several endangered species can still be found, for example arnoldii Rafflesia (world's largest flower), Sumatran tigers, gibbons, tapirs, deer, bears and various species of birds and butterflies.

There are two National Parks in this province: Siberut National Park, located on the island of Siberut (Mentawai Islands) and the Kerinci Seblat National Park. The latest national parks this territory stretches across four provinces: West Sumatra, Jambi, Bengkulu and South Sumatra.

Apart from the two National Park there are also several other nature reserves, namely Rimbo Panti Nature Reserve, Anai Valley Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve Trunk Palupuh, Harau Valley Nature Reserve, Nature Reserves and Parks Beringin Sakti Raya Bung Hatta.
Natural resources

Coal, iron ore, galena stone, lead, zinc, manganase, gold, limestone (cement), oil palm, cocoa, gambier, fishing.

POPULATION

ETNICH GROUPS
The main article for this section are: Minangkabau and Mentawai Tribe

The majority of tribal population is Minangkabau of West Sumatra. In areas other than Pasaman Minang tribe also dwelt tribes and tribal Batak Mandailing. Mentawai tribe located in the Mentawai Islands. In some cities in the West Sumatra town of Padang, there are mainly ethnic Tionghoa, Tamil and tribal Nias and in some areas of transmigration (Sitiung, Lunang Silaut, Kildare Gelugur, and others) there is also the Javanese.

LANGUAGE
The main article for this section are: Bahasa Minangkabau and Mentawai Language

The language used in everyday language is the language of the Minangkabau area which has several dialects, such as the dialect of Bukit tinggi, Pariaman dialects, dialect and the dialects of South Coastal Payakumbuh. In the area of West Pasaman and Pasaman bordering North Sumatra, the Batak language is also spoken and Bahasa Melayu Mandailing dialect. Meanwhile in the Mentawai Islands Mentawai language used.

RELIGION

The majority Muslim population of West Sumatra. There was also a Christian, especially in the Mentawai islands, as well as Hindus and Buddhists.

HIstory of South Sumatra

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South Sumatra is one of the Indonesian province located in the southern part of Sumatra Island. This provincial capital in Palembang. Geographically, the South Sumatra province bordering the province of Jambi to the north, the province of Kep. East of Bangka-Belitung, Lampung province in the south, and west of Bengkulu province. This province is rich in natural resources, such as petroleum, natural gas, and coal. Besides the provincial capital of South Sumatra, Palembang, has been famous since the first since he became the capital of the Kingdom of Sriwijaya.

In addition, this province has many attractive tourist destination to visit, such as the Musi River, the bridge shall, Kemaro Island, Lake Ranau, Kota Pagaralam, etc.. Because since the former has become a center of trade, indirectly influence the culture of the society. Food typical of this province are as varied as Pempek, model, tekwan, boiled catfish, boiled bones, chili jokjok, berengkes, and tempoyak.

HISTORY
South Sumatra province since centuries ago, also known as Earth Sriwijaya; in the 7th century to 12th century AD this area was the center of Srivijaya kingdom which is also famous for the largest and most powerful maritime kingdom in the archipelago. Echoes and its influence even to Madagascar in the African Continent.

Since the 13th century until the 14th century, the area under the power of Majapahit. Furthermore, this region had become no man's land and pirates from International bersarangnya especially from China.

In the early 15th century the Sultanate of Palembang's ruling stood until the advent of Western colonialism, and then followed by Japan. When I was victorious, Sriwijaya Palembang as the City also makes the Kingdom.

According to inscriptions found Kedukan Hill mentions in 1926, the settlement called Srivijaya was founded on June 17, 683 AD. This date was later to become the city of Palembang day which is celebrated every year.

History of North Sumatra

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GEOGRAPHIC

North Sumatra is a province located on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia. The province is inhabited by many ethnic groups of Malays are classified as Old and Young Malays. Original inhabitants of this province consists of ethnic Malays, Tribe Batak, Nias tribe, and the Acehnese people. Seaboard of North Sumatra, which is east and west are generally inhabited by ethnic Malays and Tribal Mandailing which is almost entirely Muslim. While in the mountains there are many Batak Tribe mostly Christian. There was also a Tribe on the islands west of Nias. The migrants who contribute to the population of this province is dominated by the Javanese people. Other tribes are Tionghoa Tribe and several other minorities.
North Sumatra province is located at 1 ° - 4 ° north latitude and 98 ° - 100 ° east longitude, land area of North Sumatra Province 71 680 km.

North Sumatra basically can be divided into:

* East Coast
* Bukit Barisan Mountains.
* West Coast.
* Islands of Nias.

East coast is a region in the province's most rapidly developing due to the infrastructure requirements are relatively more complete than any other region. Eastern coastal areas is also an area of relatively dense concentration of population than any other region.

In the middle area of Bukit Barisan Mountains province lined. In these mountains there are several highland pockets of population concentration. But the number of the most dense residential population in the eastern region of this province. The area around Lake Toba and Samosir Island is also home to residents who depend their lives to this lake.

West coast, commonly known as Tapanuli.

REGION

There are 419 islands in the North Sumatra propisi. Outer islands is the island Simuk (Nias Island), and Idolatry in the straits of Sumatra island (Malacca).

Nias Islands consists of a main island of Nias island and other small islands around it. Islands off the coast of Nias is located in the west coast in the Indian Ocean. Government center is located in Gunung Sitoli.

Batu Islands consist of 51 islands with four large islands: Sibuasi, Pini, Tanahbala, Tanahmasa. Central government in the island Pulautelo Sibuasi. Batu Islands are located in the southeastern islands of Nias.

Other islands in the North Sumatra: Imanna, tubs, Bawa, Hamutaia, Batumakalele, Lego, Period, Bau, Simaleh, Makole, Jake, and Sigata, Wunga.

In North Sumatra, there are currently two national parks, the Gunung Leuser National Park and the Batang Gadis National Park. According to the Decree of the Minister of Forestry, No. 44 of 2005, forest area in North Sumatra is currently 3.74212 million hectares (ha). Which consists of the Nature Reserve / Nature Conservation Area covering 477 070 ha, 1.29733 million ha of Protection Forest, Limited Production of 879 270 ha of forest, Permanent Production Forests and Forest Production of 1.03569 million hectares that can be converted to an area of 52 760 ha.

However, this figure is a de jure nature only. Because de facto, existing forest area is not that anymore. Happens a lot of damage due to encroachment and illegal logging. So far, already 206 000 ha of forest in North Sumatra has undergone a change of function. Has been transformed into plantations, transmigration. From wide, as many as 163 000 ha for plantations and transmigration areas 42 900 ha for.

POPULATION

North Sumatra is the fourth-largest provincial population in Indonesia after West Java, East Java and Central Java. According to the complete enumeration results of the Census of Population (SP) in 1990 residents of North Sumatra on October 31, 1990 (census day) accounted for 10.81 million people, and in 2002, the population of North Sumatra is as busy as 11.85 million people. Population density of North Sumatra in 1990 was 143 inhabitants per km ² and in 2002 increased to 165 inhabitants per km ², while the levels of increase in population growth of North Sumatra during the period 1990-2000 is 1.20 percent per year.

Labor Force Participation levels (TPAK) North Sumatra each year is not fixed. In 2000 TPAK in this area amounted to 57.34 percent, year 2001 rose to 57.70 percent, in 2002 it rose again to 69.45 percent.

TRIBE

North Sumatra is a province with a multiethnic Batak, Nias, and the Malays as the indigenous people of this region. Since the opening of the tobacco plantations in East Sumatra, Dutch East Indies colonial government brought a lot of contract laborers employed in the plantation. The newcomers are mostly drawn from Javanese and hard. Spreading centers tribes in North Sumatra, as follows:

1. Ethnic Malays Deli: East Coast, especially in the district of Deli Serdang, Serdang Bedagai, and Langkat
2. Karo Batak: Karo Regency
3. Toba Batak: North Tapanuli, Humbang Hasundutan, Toba Samosir
4. Coastal Batak: Central Tapanuli, Sibolga
5. Batak Mandailing / Angkola: Tapanuli Selatan, Padang Lawas, and Mandailing Natal
6. Batak Simalungun: District Simalungun
7. Batak Pakpak: Dairi regency and West Pakpak
8. Ethnic Nias: Nias Island
9. Minangkabau: Medan, West Coast
10. Acehnese: Medan
11. Java Tribe: East & West Coasts
12. Tionghoa Tribe: Urban East & West coast.

Language

Basically, the language is widely used Indonesian. Deli majority ethnic Malays because of the proximity tells Indonesian Melayu language with the Indonesian language. Eastern coastal areas are like Bedagai Serdang, Dodek Base, Coal, shavings, and Tanjung Balai, wearing Bahasa Melayu dialect "O" as well as in Labuhan Batu with a slight difference of manner. Langkat district still uses the language of Malays Dialects "E" which is also called Maya-maya language. There are still many descendants of Javanese contract (Jadel - Java Deli), which tells the Java language.

In the urban areas, the tribe said Tionghoa common Hokkien language other than Indonesian. In the mountains, said Batak Batak language, consisting of four accents (Silindung-Humbang-Toba Samosir-). Languages spoken in the islands of Nias Nias Nias by the tribe. While the people of Western Coastal North Sumatra, as Sibolga and Central Tapanuli and Singkil and Coastal Christmas Madina use language.
Religion

The main religion in North Sumatra are:

* Islam: particularly embraced by the Malays, Minangkabau, Javanese, Acehnese, Batak Mandailing, some Batak Karo, Simalungun and Pakpak
* Christian (Protestant and Catholic): particularly embraced by the Karo Batak, Toba, Simalungun Pakpak, Mandailing and Nias
* Hinduism: particularly embraced by Indians in urban areas
* Buddhism: particularly embraced by the tribe in urban Peranakan
* Confucius: particularly embraced by the tribe in urban Peranakan
* Parmalim: embraced by some of the Batak ethnic group based in the High Huta
* Animism: there is still embraced by the Batak ethnic group, namely Pelebegu Parhabonaron and similar trust

AGRICULTURE AND PLANTATION

The province is famous for its plantation area, until now, agriculture remains the belle of the provincial economy. Plantations are managed by private companies or countries. Plantation Enterprises which have their area in North Sumatra, among others, PT Nusantara Plantation II (PTPN II), PTPN III, PTPN IV.

In addition, North Sumatra is also famous for its plantation area. Until now, farming remains the belle of the provincial economy. Plantations are managed by private companies or countries. North Sumatra produce rubber, cocoa, tea, palm oil, coffee, cloves, coconut, cinnamon, and tobacco. Plantations are scattered in Deli Serdang, Langkat, Simalungun, shavings, Labuhan Batu, and South Tapanuli.

* Area of paddy agriculture. In 2005 the total area of 807 302 hectares of crops to stay, or decrease by approximately 16 906 hectares than the area in 2004 which reached 824 208 hectares. Productivity of rice crop year 2005 can be increased to 43.49 quintals per hectare ranged from 2004 which is still 43.13 quintals per hectare, and rice fields from 24.73 quintals to 26.26 quintals per hectare. Year 2005, a surplus of rice in North Sumatra to reach 429 tons from about 2.1.27 million tons of total rice production in this area.
* Area of rubber plantations. Year 2002 the total area of rubber plantations in North Sumatra with a production of 443 743 489 491 hectare tonnes. As the year 2005, the total area of rubber decreased or stayed 477 000 hectares with a production which also fell to only 392 000 tons.
* Irrigation. Area irrigated entirely in North Sumatra covers an area of 132 254 ha 174 Irrigation Area. A total of 96 823 ha in seven Irrigation Area is critically damaged.
* Agricultural Products. North Sumatra produce rubber, cocoa, tea, palm oil, coffee, cloves, coconut, cinnamon, and tobacco. Plantations are scattered in Deli Serdang, Langkat, Simalungun, shavings, Labuhan Batu, and South Tapanuli.

These commodities have been exported to many countries and contributing huge foreign exchange for Indonesia. In addition to commodities, North Sumatra is also known as producers of horticulture commodities (vegetables and fruits); such as Citrus Medan, Deli Guava, Vegetables Cabbage, Tomato, Potato, and Carrot which is produced by Karo District, North Tapanuli Simalungun and. Horticulture products have been exported to Malaysia and Singapore.

ARTS AND CULTURE
Music

Music is always played, tend to depend on the customary ceremonies were held, but more dominant with genderangnya. As there are a series of Coastal Ethnic musical instrument called Sikambang.
Architecture

In the field of art that stands out is the traditional house architecture which is the combination of the sculpture and the art of sculpture and crafts. Architecture of traditional houses are in various forms ornamen.Pada general shape of the building custom homes in the Batak indigenous group symbolizing "standing buffalo". This is more obvious with the roof tops adorned with a buffalo head.

The traditional house of the Batak tribes named Ruma Batak. Stand strong and majestic and many found in Samosir.

Karo traditional houses seem bigger and higher than other traditional houses. The roof is made of palm fiber and are usually added to the roofs of the smaller triangular-called "come on let's go home" and "tersek". With the towering roof of a house in layers that Karo has a unique shape compared with other traditional houses that have only one layer of roofing in North Sumatra.

Form of traditional houses in the area Simalungun quite charming. The complex of traditional houses in the village of Ancient Pematang consists of several buildings which house Bolon, Bolon hall, sunbathe, abstinence hall and mortar needed.

Mandailing typical buildings that stand out are called "Bagasse Gadang" (home Namora Natoras) and "Sopo Godang '(traditional meeting hall).

Coastal Sibolga custom house look even more majestic and more beautiful than the other traditional houses. The traditional house was still standing in the courtyard of the National Building Sibolga.
Dances

Treasury of traditional dances including the various types. There's a magical, sacred dance form, and nothing is just a form of dance entertainment profane. In addition to the traditional dance that is part of traditional ceremonies, sacred dances, usually danced by Dayu Datu. Including this type of dance is a dance teacher and dance tungkat. Datu menarikannya waving the magic wand called Single Panaluan.

Dance is a dance usually profane association youth who danced at the shindig. Tortor have danced at a wedding. Usually danced by the attendees including the bride and also the young people. This youth dance, for example morah-morah, parakut, sipajok, patam-patam often and kebangkiung. Dance magic dance tortor nasiaran eg, single-panaluan tortor. This magical dance is usually performed with a full kekhusukan.

In addition there are also dances Batak dance Malays like Serampang XII.
Craft

Besides the architecture, arts crafts fabrics are attractive from the Batak ethnic group. Examples of these fabrics are woven and songket ulos. Batak traditional ulos cloth which is used in marriage ceremonies, funerals, establishing homes, art, etc.. Ulos fabric made of cotton or flax yarn. Ulos color is usually black, white, and reds that have a specific meaning. While other color is a symbol of the variation of life.

In the tribe there Pakpak fabrics known as topical. Oles basic color is usually brown or black and white.

At Karo tribe have woven known as UIs. UIs are usually primary color dark blue and red.

At Coastal tribes have woven known as Songket Barus. These crafts are usually primary color is Dark Red or Yellow Gold.
[Edit] Food typical

Typical food in Northern Sumatra is very varied, depending on the area. Saksang and pig roast is very familiar to those who carry out or home-cooked feast.

Suppose such areas Pakpak Dairi, Pelleng is special food with a very spicy seasonings.

In the land itself is dengke naniarsik Batak who is a fish that digulai without using coconut. For taste, the Batak land is a paradise for lovers of spicy food and coconut milk are also hot. PASITUAK NATONGGI or money to buy a sweet sap that is very familiar terms therein, illustrates how closely the wine or juice with their lives.

History of Central Java

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Established as a province of Central Java since the days of the Dutch East Indies. Until the year 1905, Central Java, consisting of five regions (gewesten) ie, Semarang, Apex, Kedu, Banyumas, and Pekalongan. Surakarta is still a royal autonomous regions (vorstenland) that stands alone and is comprised of two regions, and Mangkunegaran Kasunanan Surakarta, as Yogyakarta. Gewest each consisting of the districts. Apex Gewest that time also includes Regentschap Tuban and Bojonegoro.

After the enactment Decentralisatie Besluit 1905, gewesten given the autonomy and established the Regional Council. It also formed gemeente (municipality) is autonomous, that is Pekalongan, Tegal, Semarang, Salatiga, and Magelang.

Since the year 1930, the province established as an autonomous region that also has a Provincial Council (Provinciale Raad). Province consists of several residency (residentie), which covers several districts (regentschap), and divided again in a few kawedanan (district). Central Java Province consists of five residency, ie: Pekalongan,-Apex Jepara, Semarang, Banyumas, and Kedu.

Following the independence of Indonesia, in 1946 the government established autonomous regions and Mangkunegaran Kasunanan; and made residency. In the year 1950 through the Law stipulated the establishment of districts and municipalities in Central Java, which covers 29 counties and six municipalities. Determination Act until now celebrated as the Day of Central Java Province, which is dated August 15, 1950.

History of East Java

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East Java is one of the earliest of the eight provinces in Indonesia. Other provinces of Sumatra, Borneo, West Java, Central Java, Sulawesi, Maluku and the Lesser Sunda. The first Governor of East Java province is RMTA Surjo.

Human life as a new society emerge around age 8, that is, with the discovery of inscriptions Dinoyo in Malang area. Inscription of 760 AD It tells of many political and cultural events in the Kingdom Dinoyo. Malang name alone is estimated to come from the name of a sacred building called Malangkuseswara. This name is contained in at least one inscription, namely, that many Mantyasih inscription 907 AD

In the year 1222, founded the Kingdom of Singasari Ken Arok. He ruled the kingdom until the year 1292. Before the ruling, Ken Arok, seized power in Tumapel, Kediri, from Tungul Ametung. Singasari Kingdom gives us the legacy of temples of Dieng. Descendant of Ken Arok dynasty was later to become the kings Singasari and Majapahit in the 13th century until the 15th century.

In the year 1227: Anusapati kill Ken Arok. He later became king Singasari. Anusapati power only lasted 20 years. He was killed Tohjaya. Three years later, Tohjaya killed in the rebellion led by Jaya Wisnuwardhana, son Anusapati. Year 1268, Wisnuwardhana died, his throne as the king was replaced by Kertanegara Singasari (1268-1292). In the knowledge in 1292, was defeated by a rebel named Kertanegara Jayakatwang, then ended the power to end a history of the Kingdom Kertanegara Singasari.

In 1294, the Kingdom of Majapahit standing. Its founder was Raden Wijaya. Majapahit reached the peak of its power during the reign of Hayam Wuruk. He was accompanied by mahapati Gajah Mada. Together these patih Hayam Wuruk successfully unify the vast territory under the name Dwipantara.

In 1357, Bubat events occurred, namely, war between the King of Sunda and Majapahit Patih Gajah Mada. This event stems from a desire to take the king Hayam Wuruk Sundanese princess named Dyah Pitaloka as his queen. However, due to a misunderstanding about marriage procedures, the plan led to a battle in Bubat. Majapahit troops, under the leadership of Gajah Mada Pajajaran conquered in the war Bubat.

In 1389, Hayam Wuruk died. Replaced by Wikramawardhana. This era is the beginning of the fall of Majapahit. One of them was caused by disappointment Hayam Wuruk other children, namely, Wirabumi.

After that period, emerging Islamic empire. Another development, the Europeans started coming to the archipelago and trying to build strength. In the end they applied colonialism. At the beginning of the 20th century, the royal government system was abolished, replaced by a system of residency. In the Japanese colonial era, people's resistance still occurred. In Blitar happened pemberontaka PETA (Defenders of the Fatherland) in early 1945. This rebellion led by Supriyadi, Moeradi, Halir Mangkudijoyo, and Soemarto. Although in the end this rebellion can be quelled. But the soul is able to rekindle the spirit of rebellion for independence in the people of East Java.

Two weeks after proclamation of independence, Singapore has a resident self-government and form. The first is R. Residennya Sudirman. The formation of this government in Surabaya cause disputes with Japan, even going various battles. The reason is that at that time the Japanese had surrendered to the allies, are obliged to remain in office until such time as power is handed over to the allies.

The arrival of allied forces with a pretext for the Netherlands (NICA) to Surabaya, add a hot atmosphere. The climax occurred on 10 November 1945 where there was a big war between arek-arek Suroboyo against the Allies. November 10, later designated as a day of heroes.

Suryo battle to force governors, on the advice of the People's Security Army (TKR), move the seat of government to the Mojokerto area. A week later, the government moved again, place a more secure, ie, in Kediri. But security conditions Kediri increasingly worse until finally, in February 1947, the East Java provincial government was moved back to Malang. At the time this rule was in Malang, a change of governor, Suryo was replaced by RP Suroso which was then replaced again by Dr. Moerdjani.

On July 21, 1947, though still bound by the agreement and the ceasefire agreement Linggarjati the effective date of October 14, 1946, the Dutch do I. Military Action Dutch military action in Malang menebabkan security conditions worsened. East Java Provincial Government finally moved back to Blitar.

This military action ended after the Renville agreement. However, these agreements have a negative impact for East Java, namely, reduced area of East Java provincial government power. Holland then makes the area under their control as a new country, such as state and country Madura in East Java.

Amid the difficulties faced by the government of Indonesia, the PKI in the Madiun uprising on September 18, 1948. But ultimately this rebellion can be crushed by the camp of the Republic of Indonesia.

Dated December 19, 1948, the Dutch launched a military action II. Blitar, who was still used as a place of government of East Java province attacked. Governor Dr. Moerdjani and his staff were forced out of the way and the guerilla on the slopes of Mount Willis. II military action ended after agreement is reached, Roem Royen dated May 7, 1949.

Dutch withdraw its troops from East Java after the Round Table Conference held (KMB) which resulted in plaque recognizing the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia (RIS). East Java province to change the status of the state. But the people of East Java did not support the change that status. People demanded the dissolution of the state of East Java. Finally on February 25, 1950, East Java, the country was dissolved and became part of Indonesian territory. The decision to rejoin the state of RI was followed by Madurese.

Post-event G30S/PKI, East Java, local government re-buckled. In 1967, R.P. Mohammad Noer sworn in as acting Head of the Provincial Governor to replace Brigadier General Mohammad Wijono. When Mohammad Noer became acting governor, appeared PKI new style of defense which has bases in South Blitar. After the rebellion was crushed at the end of 1968, things began to improve.

History of East Java

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History

Tracing the history of the anniversary of East Java province, is not complete without seeing the background conditions of the region and government of East Java. Important historical setting of East Java is presented specifically in order to be recognized and understood about the anniversary of the argument that the search team formed the East Java Governor proposes alternative anniversary, and how to respond and also answer the end of the legislative proposals for the day so until stipulating. Historical events such as what is factual and obyketif never happened and passed by the East Java province, so the date of October 12, 1945 was agreed and set as the anniversary of East Java Province.

A kingdom Century

Epigrafis sources found in Indonesia, many of which provide information about the system of governance in Indonesia. Developments on the job of government is known starting from the time of the ancient Mataram (760-929), Medang (937-1080), Kediri (1080-1222), Singasari (1222-1292), Majapahit (1294-1527), Demak-Pajang (1575 ), and the Islamic Mataram (1575-1755).

According Canggal Inscription (732 AD), Ancient Mataram Kingdom under the leadership of King Sanjaya, governance structures are concentric. Hierarchically composed from the central government (kingdom), the local government (Watek), and village government (wanua). By mid-century by Pu Shendok X, one of the last descendant of Sanjaya dynasty in Central Java, the center of the kingdom moved to East Java. In addition, he also consolidated his power and his administration in a system and a more solid structure. Pu Shendok also build a dynasty or a new dynasty known as the House of Isana.
Wangsa Isana developing offspring in Kediri (1049-1222). At the time this appears in Kediri changes in the structure of government with the emergence of the term Thani, the wizard, and Bhumi as expressed in the inscription Hantang (1135). It also appears the term pilgrim or a village elder who allegedly is an area officials at the level of the wizard. This unit replaces the term wizard region Watek in the preceding century. Bhumi terms that appear can be equated with the term nagara. However Bhumi term refers to the capital, while the nagara is a reference to the unit area that is geographically or physically led by a pilgrim. Seeing the reality of the above we can conclude that the structure of government at the time consisted of the Kediri kingdom Thani (village), the wizard / headman / haj (district), and Bhumi (center).

During Singashari (1222-1292) of new developments occurred in the structure of government in East Java. Based on the inscription At Manurung, December 28, 1255 issued by King Seminingrat, emerged a new institution, namely nagara as the unit of government territory. These new institutions were located on the Watek / wizard and under the king. This change was made to expand the political area, particularly in trade politics.

Governance structures more progress during the Majapahit Empire (1294-1527). In this period his government has implemented a system of orientation out and stabilize the region and governance arrangements. This period appears positions such as Pahom Nahendra (Royal Council), Saptaprabu (Advisory Council), Saptaupapati (Acting Justice), Panca Thanda (Bureaucracy), and Darma Putera, and Bhayangkari (special security forces).

Majapahit empire, especially in Java is divided into a number of provinces who supervises a number of local authorities: the regents, akuwu, and village headman. The local authority is receiving power from the king. But he had to do duty as provide power for the purposes of the king and military interests if necessary, pay taxes, and overlooking the capital city or to the court to declare loyalty. In the development of the next government, after the more extensive areas of Majapahit, the king made as the cosmic center. For the royal family was appointed a governor on adhipati or nagara-nagara or province as a liaison between the king with villagers. In the context of King Hayam Wuruk thus confirmed the government legislation and regulation anniversary nagara-level governance in the province of East Java, the Majapahit kingdom in the governance structure on March 27, 1365 AD. This decision was reinforced after Hayam Wuruk travel to areas in the eastern part of Majapahit, which in its development, then these areas become Wetan Bang province or territory of East Java.

Tanggal lain yang juga berhubungan dengan masalah penetapan munculnya pemerintahan nagara atau provinsi selain prasasti Mulamanurung ialah tanggal peluncuran Nagarakrtagama sendiri yaitu, tanggal 25 September 1365.Dari informasi yang ditemukan secara vertikal struktur pemerintahan Majapahit dari atas ke bawah adalah sebagai berikut: bhumi (pusat/maharaja), rajya (nagara) (provinsi/raja/natha/bhatara/wadhana/adhipati), watek/wiyasa (kabupaten/ tumenggung), lurah/kuwu (kademangan/demang), thani/wanua (desa, petinggi), kabuyutan (dusun/dukuh/lingkungan/rama). Wilayah propinsi pada Kerajaan Majapahit yang semula pada abad XIV berdasarkan pemberitaan Negarakrtagama berjumlah dua belas, yaitu:

No. Nagara Name Nath's name or the Governor Information

1. KAHURIPAN (Janggala) Tribhuwanatunggadewi King's mother

2. Daha (Kediri) Rajadewi Maharajasa Aunt / in law

3. Singhasari Kertawardhana Daddy King

4. Wengker (Ponorogo) Wijayarajasa Uncle / in law

5. Matahun (Bojonegoro) Rajasawardhana SuamiBhre, Lasem, sepupu
Hayam wuruk

6. Wirabhumi (Blambanagan) Nagarawardhani nephew Hayam Wuruk

7. Paguhan Sangawardhana in-law Hayam Wuruk

8. Kabalan Kusumawardhani daughter

9. Pawanuan Surawardhani -

10. Lasem (Central Java) Rajasaduhita Indudewi Cousin Hayam Wuruk

11. Shelf (near Solo) Brother Rajasaduhitaiswari daughter

12. Mataram (Yogyakarta) Wikramawardhana nephew/ daughter Hayam wuruk

Based on the inscription Suradakan, 22 November 1447 in the province of Majapahit grew into fourteen, each regional unit was led by a nobleman of the royal family as a young king who bear the title of Lord or the governor. Nath fourteenth region and these are:

No Nama Nagara Nama Natha atau Gubernur

1. Kahuripan (Janggala) Rajasawardhana Dyah Wijayakumara

2. Daha (Kediri) Jayawardhani Dyah Iswara

3. Wengker (Ponorogo) Girisawardhana Dyah Suryawikrama

4. Tumapel (Singhasari) Singawikramawardhana Dyah Suraprabawa

5. Wirabhumi (Blambanagan) Wijayaparekraman Dyah Samarawijaya

6. Wirabhumi (Blambanagan) Rajasawardhana Indudewi Dyah Pureswari

7. Jagaraga (Ngawi) Wijayaindudewi Dyah Wijayaduhita

8. Kling (Timur Kediri) Girindrawardhana Dyah Wijayakarana

9. Singapura Rajasawardhanadewi Dyah Sripura

10. Kalinghapura Kamalawarnadewi Dyah Sudayitra

11. Kembang Jenar Rajanandeswari Dyah Sudarmini

12. Kabalan Mahamahisi Dyah Sawitri

13. Pajang (dekat Solo) Dyah Sura Iswari

14. Tanjungpura Mangalawardhani Dyah Suragharini

(Sumber: H.M. Yamin, Tatanegara Majapahit Sapta-Parwa II, Jakarta: Prajnaparamita, 1960)

The collapse of Majapahit in the early sixteenth century led to the new kingdom of Demak (1478-1546) and Pajang (1546-1582). Led by the Sultan of Demak Kingdom Trenggono successfully conquered territories to the eastern tip of Java. But he was killed in the conquest business. Political crisis that occurred after the death of Sultan Trenggono new figures bring the Sultan Hadiwijaya Jaka Tingkir or who move to the center of the kingdom in the hinterland Pajang. During this Pajang Java is divided into five provinces namely (1) Pajang as the core of the kingdom, (2) North Coast, Central Java and East Java, some North Shore, (3) West Coast from Cirebon to Banten, and (4) Mancanagara, and ( 5) Bang Wetan. However, other sources (de Graaf) which states that at no time is divided into eight regions Pajang an independent and separate provinces, namely Banten, Jayakarta, Cirebon, Prawata, Kalinyamat (Japara), Pajang, Kedu, and Madura.

During the Mataram Kingdom (1575-1755) under Sultan Agung, the kingdoms of East Java successfully conquered. Starting from Madison (1590) until Blambangan (1635) for East Java can practically united under the banner of Mataram. To sustain the integration of the region performed marriages with the royal family ties, such as the Duke of Surabaya with the Sultan's sister, Queen Pandansari. Even the Sultan Agung doing great event in 1936 and 1941. Pretext or the Kingdom Assembly was held to coincide with the ceremony Gerebeg Mawlood dated August 14, 1636. Agenda of the session are:
1. Hijri calendar dedication to replace the Saka calendar.
2. Registration conducted empire and the establishment of governance structures.
3. Determination of the administrative area where the provincial government as consisting of Bang Wetan Mancanagara Wetan and Coastal Wetan wedhana led by the regent or adhipati whose status can be compared with the governor because of his position is above the level of regents.

During its development, the Kingdom of Mataram doing a lot of changes to the system of government. These changes did not escape the political situation at that time. From the point konsentrisme adopted in the constitutional system, the Mataram area differentiated into four groups, namely (1) Kuthagara or Kutanegara (state), namely the palace as the focal point and a place to live the king. (2) Bhumi Narawita (where the servants of the king), which is the abode of the nobles of the kingdom. (3) Nagaragung, ie areas outside the capital in areas where there are land tenure from the nobles who live in the Bhumi Narawita. (4) Mancanagara, ie outside the area which includes mancanagara nagaragung wetan (starting Ponorogo to the east), mancanagara west (starting Purworejo west), coastal northern coast consists of coastal western (Demak to west) and coastal wetan (Demak to the East ).

History of West Java

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The province is determined by Panitian Preparation of Indonesian Independence (PPKI), two days after the proclamation of independence along with seven other provinces. The seven provinces are Central Java, East Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Lesser Sunda Islands, Sulawesi, and Maluku. The first Governor of West Java is Sutardjo Kartohadikusumo.

West Java has a very old history. From the tools found and known from 600,000 years ago, it was estimated that West Java has been inhabited since that year. But a new human life forms known to start the year 2000 BC, that is, when the mass migration from southern China to the territory of Indonesia, including West Java.

In early AD, the population of West Java has a relationship with the outside world so that the influence of foreign culture began to enter, such as the Hindu culture. This is evidenced by the discovery of inscriptions from that era, such as inscriptions found in the area Ciaruteun, Bogor. From the inscriptions it is known that the kingdom has stood by his king named Tan, Purnawarman.

The next inscription inscription Sanghyang Tread named, was found in the village and Bantar Pengcalihan Muncang, on the banks of the river Citatih, Sukabumi. The inscriptions show that in 1035 stood Sunda kingdom ruled by Maharaja Sri Jayabhupati Jayamanahen Wisnumurti Samarawijaya Sakalabhuwanamandales Waranindita Haro Wikramatunggadewa Govardhan. In addition to the Kingdom of Sunda Pajajaran Tarumanegara and, in West Java have also Galuh Kingdom. In 1357, Bubat events, namely, war between the King of Sunda and Majapahit Patih Gajah Mada. Majapahit troops, under the leadership of Gajah Mada Pajajaran conquered in the war Bubat.

Start the 15th century, the Kingdom of Sunda with Pakuan Pajajaran power centers began to lose its strength until eventually collapsed. The reason is rebellion regions who want to break away from the center of the kingdom and also due to the spread of Islam. Starting this 15th century, West Java into kolonoalisme dark periods.

On January 16, 1904, a female character named Raden Dewi Sartika open a school for girls in Bandung. The school bases standing thanks to the support provided by Regent Martanegara. Since then, education in Bandung, especially for women, continues to grow. Dewi Sartika are figures who have watched the progress of education.

In the era of struggle for national independence, emerging institutions are struggling to achieve independence. One was established in Bandung, 17-18 December 1927 with a Deliberative Society-Indonesia Association of Political Nationality (PPPKI) which consists of PNI, the SI party, Budi Oetomo, Societies Pasundan, Sumatranen Bond, The Batavia, Indonesische Studies Club.

On March 1, 1942, the Japanese landed in Merak, Banten Bay, and in Eretan, Indramayu. Since then, began the Japanese occupation in the West Java region. Colonization ended after Japan surrendered. In the early days of independence, West Java Province is divided into five regions of residency, ie, Banten, Jakarta, Bogor, Priangan, and Cirebon. Provincial government is equipped with government agencies like the National Committee of Indonesia (KNI) region of West Java, and People's Security Agency (BKR).

On October 12, 1945, Allied troops entered the Bandung. Allied troops were ridden by the NICA (Netherlands Indies Civil Administration) that ambition plunged back nail colonialism in Indonesia. With the excuse to relieve the battle, on November 27, 1945, Bandung cleavage occurs. north of the railroad tracks that cut through the city of Bandung in the occupied by the Allies and the Netherlands. While the government of Indonesia owns the land south of the railroad tracks. But the division does not effectively relieve the battle.

On March 24, 1946, the mandate of the Prime Minister who ordered the evacuation of Indonesia Bandung, government officials, armed fighters and followed Bandung residents flocked to leave the city. After most people left the city, Bandung was burned by fighters who are members of the Union Assembly Perjoangan Priangan (MP3). The goal is that important buildings are not occupied by the enemy. This event is remembered as the "Bandung Sea of Fire."

In November 1946 occurred the transition of power from the allies against the Dutch. Since then, the freedom fighters to face the Dutch. Netherlands then adopted a political strategy of divide. However, that strategy is not able to extinguish the resistance of the people whose breasts are full of the spirit of the struggle to maintain independence. Resistance is forcing the Dutch to negotiate, in November 1946-March 1947, held talks Linggajati, held in the village Linggarjati, Kuningan regency. Contents Netherlands recognizes the Republic of Indonesia consists of Java, Sumatra and Madura. Both parties agreed to form United Republic of Indonesia and the government will continue to cooperate with the United States of the Dutch government to establish the Indonesia-Dutch Union.

On April 24, 1948, the Dutch formed the State Pasundan and chose RAA Kusuma Wiranata Pasundan state as a guardian. The approval of the Government of Indonesia, he is willing to accept the job. On December 19, 1948, the Dutch military action to invade Yogyakarta II. West Java to protest the attacks, marked by the resignation of Prime Minister Pasundan, Adil Puradirja.

Federal state form was widely repudiated the Indonesian people. On March 8, 1950, demanding Pasundan country to rejoin the Republic of Indonesia. On August 17, 1950, the Republic of Indonesia on his feet again. After returning to the Unitary Republic of Indonesia, West Java was still busy with various disorders. This time the chaos caused by the DI / TII Kartosuwiryo. After Kartosuwiryo successfully suppressed in 1962, appeared the chaos that followed, namely, G30S/PKI events in 1965. The situation began to improve after entering the New Order era, the more stable conditions.

Tourist Attractions in Indonesia

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Kawah Ijen in East Java

Bratan Tample and Boatman in Bali

Float Market in Shouth Kalimantan

Takalar Regency

Mountain of Semeru in East Java

King Four Picture

Summit Park in West Java

The Tample of Prambanan in Central Java

Pandeglang Beach in West Java

White Land in Lampung

Pangandaran Beach in Ciamis
West Java

Nusa Dua in Bali

Monas in Jakarta

Kuta Lombok in Bali

Beach of Pacitan in East Java

Komodo Island

The Thousand of Island

Mountain of Galunggung

Wild Jungle in North Sumatra

Mountain of Ulu Kali

Fukuroda

Tample of Lot

Bali

Toba Lake in Bali

Bromo Mountain
East Java

Bledug Kuwu

Bike Park in Indonesia

Pura inBali

Water Fall in Nglirip

Dry Land in Bali

Brigde in Bandung City
West Java

The Tample of Borobudur

Central Java

Bromo Mountain Views from The Top

Tanah Lot - Bali

Weapon of tribes in Indonesia

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Picture of Islands

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Indonesia Island

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INDONESIA PROFILE

STATE BASIC

Pancasila is the basic philosophy of the Indonesian state is derived from two Sanskrit words, "penta" meaning five, and "sila" meaning base. Pancasila consists of five base-related and can not be separated, are:

1. Belief in one God
2. Just and civilized humanity
3. Unity of Indonesia
4. Led by the populist wisdom in a consultative / representative
5. Social justice for all Indonesian people

Indonesia is a democratic state in a presidential system of government, and this is the spirit of Pancasila democracy. Democracy is based on the Five Principles is called Democracy Pancasila. Basis of this country, declared by President Soekarno (Indonesia's first president) in the Proclamation of Independence of the Republic of Indonesia on August 17, 1945

GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION
Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic nation which has 17,508 islands. Indonesia lies between 6 degrees north latitude to 11 degrees south latitude, and from 97 degrees to 141 degrees east longitude and is located between two continents of Asia and Australia / Oceania. This strategic location has a huge influence on the cultural, social, political, and economic.

Indonesia's territory extends along 3.977 mile between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. When the waters between the islands combined, the Indonesian area menjadi1.9 million square miles,

Five large islands in Indonesia are: Sumatra, with an area of 473 606 square km, Java with an area of 132 107 square km, Borneo (the third largest island in the world) with an area of 539.460 square km, Sulawesi, with an area of 189 216 square km, and Papua with an area of 421.981 square km.

GEOLOGICAL HISTORY

Indonesian islands are formed in the Miocene Era (12 million years BC); Palaeocene (70 million years BC), Eocene (30 million years BC); Oligacene (25 million years BC). In connection with the arrival of people from mainland Asia, Indonesia is believed to exist in the Pleistocene (4 million years BC). The islands are formed along the lines that have a strong effect of changes in Australian and Pacific tectonic plates. Australian Plate to change slowly climbed into the lane the Pacific Plate, which moves to the south, and between these lines terbentanglah Indonesian islands.

This makes Indonesia as one of the most widely changing geological areas in the world. Mountains located on the islands of Indonesia consists of more than 400 volcanoes, where 100 of them are still active. Indonesia has experienced three times the vibration in a day, an earthquake at least once a day and at least one volcano erupting per year.

Demography

Indonesian population can be divided roughly into two groups. In the western part of Indonesian population are mostly Malays while the east is the tribe of Papua, which has its roots in the islands of Melanesia. Many Indonesian people who declare themselves as part of a more specific ethnic groups, divided by language and region of origin, such as Javanese, Sundanese, or Batak.

There was also a minority population of immigrants whose numbers include Collections, Indian, and Arabic. They had long since come to the archipelago with trade routes since the 8th century BC and settled into a part of the archipelago. In Indonesia there are about 3% of ethnic population hard. These numbers differ because only in the 1930s was the last time the government did a census with a grade of Indonesian society into tribes and descendants.

Islam is the religion of the majority who embraced by approximately 85.2% of the population of Indonesia, making Indonesia the most populous Muslim country in the world. The rest were Protestants (8.9%), Catholic (3%), Hindu (1.8%), Buddhists (0.8%) and others (0.3%).

Most of Indonesian people speak in the local language as mother tongue, but the official language of Indonesia, Indonesian language, is taught in all schools in this country and controlled by almost the entire population of Indonesia.

POLITICS

As well as in other democratic countries, the political system in Indonesia is based on the Trias Politica is the power of the legislative, executive and judiciary. Legislative power is held by an institution called the People Permusyawatan Assembly (MPR), which consists of two bodies of the Parliament whose members consist of representatives of political parties and DPD, whose members represent the provinces in Indonesia. Each region is represented by four people directly elected by the people in their respective regions.

People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) is the highest state institution. Membership of the Assembly changed after the 1945 Amandeman in the period 1999-2004. All members of the Assembly are members of the House of Representatives plus members of the DPD (Regional Representative Council). Previously, members of the Assembly are all members of parliament plus representatives faction. Members of Parliament currently consists of 550 members of Parliament and 128 members of the DPD. DPR and DPD members selected by election and was sworn in five-year term. Since 2004, the Assembly is a bicameral parliament, after the creation of DPD as a second bedroom.

Executive agencies centered on the president, vice presidents, and cabinet. Cabinet in Indonesia is that the ministers Presidenstil Cabinet is responsible to the president and do not represent political parties in parliament.

The judicial institutions since the reform period and the 1945 amendment executed by the Supreme Court, including the administrative arrangements of the Judges.

PROVINCE

Indonesia currently has 33 provinces (including two Regional Specialties (DI) and a Special Capital Region (DKI). Both are DI Aceh and Yogyakarta Special Region, while capital is Jakarta Special Capital Region. Before the year 1999, East Timor is one of the provinces in Indonesia, which later broke away through a referendum to the State of Timor Leste.

List of Provinces in Indonesia
Sumatra
Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam | North Sumatra | West Sumatra | Bengkulu | Riau | Riau Islands | Jambi | South Sumatra | Lampung | Bangka-Belitung Islands
Java
Jakarta | West Java | Banten | Central Java | Yogyakarta | East Java
Kalimantan
West Kalimantan | Central Kalimantan | South Kalimantan | East Kalimantan
Nusa Tenggara
Bali | West Nusa Tenggara | East Nusa Tenggara
Sulawesi
West Sulawesi | North Sulawesi | Central Sulawesi | South Sulawesi | South East Sulawesi | Gorontalo
Maluku Islands and Papua
Maluku | North Maluku | West Papua | Papua

ECONOMY

Indonesia's economic decline in the late 1990s due to economic crisis that hit much of Asia at that time. The economy has now been fairly stable at this time.

Indonesia has vast natural resources outside Java, including crude oil, natural gas, tin, copper and gold. Indonesia is the second largest natural gas exporter in the world, although lately he has become a net importer of crude oil. The main agricultural products include rice, tea, coffee, spices and rubber.

Peer Indonesia is Japan's biggest trade, the United States and its neighboring countries namely Malaysia, Singapore and Australia.

Although rich in natural and human resources, Indonesia still faces major problems in the areas of poverty that is largely due to rampant corruption in government.
Indonesian central bank is Bank Indonesia.

CULTURAL ARTS

Type of art in Indonesia is heavily influenced by cultures. Javanese and Balinese dances are famous, for example, contain aspects of Hindu culture and mythology.

Many also contain art of dance that Islamic values. Some of them can be found in areas such as Sumatra and Tari Saman dance Meusukat Seudati of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam.

Also quite famous in the world is a shadow puppet show featuring stories about mythological events. Art rhyme, gurindam, and so forth from various regions like rhyme Malays, and other rhyme-rhyme are often used in certain events ie events, art performances, and others.

In the field of fashion heritage is famous throughout the world of batik. Some areas are famous for its batik industry including Yogyakarta, Solo, and also Pekalongan.

Pencak silat is a unique martial art originating from Indonesia. This martial art is sometimes displayed on special occasions which is usually followed by performances of traditional Indonesian music in the form of gamelan and other traditional musical arts in accordance with the homelands.

Musical arts in Indonesia, both traditional and modern is very much stretched from Sabang to Merauke. Traditional music as well as Java keroncong recognized by almost all Indonesian people, but more powerful in the face of art songs in Indonesia, which later Dangdut modern songs. Dangdut music is one of Indonesia that has been populist in the archipelago, which combined the musical elements of Malays, Indians, and also the traditional Indonesian music. Dangdut called because the music is heard is the voice of 'trial' and 'corner' and Dangdut music is more dominated by the sound of drums and flutes. Dangdut songs usually didendangkan by pedangdut by rocking the seronok and gracefully adjusted to the song tempo. There are various shades Dangdut music, among other Malays Dangdut, Dangdut Modern (Dangdut today's musical instruments have been coupled with modern musical instruments); and Coastal Dangdut (dangdut song traditional Javanese, Sundanese, etc.). In the '70s, better known as dangdut music flow Melayu orchestra, which was then in the early 80s he was better known as dangdut.

Indonesia consists of various ethnic groups, religions and different beliefs. There Batak, Karo, Minangkabau, Malays in Sumatra and so forth. There are many recognized religions in Indonesia are Muslim, Christian, Hindu, Buddhist and Confucian beliefs even now well recognized. However, the majority of Indonesian people prefer to Islam as a religion.

Image of The Traditional House in Indonesia

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You all know the traditional houses in Indonesia is very diverse forms and customs of each house describing the regional culture. The traditional house is usually in use for events or to place indigenous customary deliberation. Traditional houses in Indonesia is so berragam shape and kind, and their traditional home in Indonesia made a traditional house.

Here is a picture of traditional houses in Indonesia that I can collect and may help you in learning the traditional houses in Indonesia. Actually I will discuss also here about custom clothing and custom clothing commonly in use for traditional dance but since the topic is the image of the traditional house so I just explain about the traditional houses of Indonesia.

Here is a collection of photos of custom house custom house or a picture along with the
name of the traditional houses in Indonesia:

House of Batak Tribe
Sumatra

House of Gadang
Kalimantan

House of Minangkabau
Kalimantan

House of Kudus Tribe
Central Java

House of Nusa Tenggara Timur

House of Sumba Tribe
Nusa Tenggara Timur

House of Bengkulu Tribe

House of Dayak Tribe
Kalimantan TImur

House of Gebu Minang
Minangkabau

House of Gadang

House of Jambi

House of Nusa Tenggara Tmur

House of Toraja

House of Bali

House of Borneo

House of in Middle Sulawesi

House of Toraja

Indonesian Tribe

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Custum Clothing

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Some of Indonesia Dances

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