Amazing Wild Animals

Directly and Indirectly impact of Factories on wildlife

2023-08-30T18:31:00.002+05:00

Directly and Indirectly impact of Factories on wildlife

Factories can have a significant impact on wildlife, both directly and indirectly.

Direct impacts of factories on wildlife include

Habitat loss Factories frequently bear large areas of land for their operations, which can lead to the destruction of wildlife niche. Pollution Factories emit a variety of adulterants into the air, water, and soil, which can harm wildlife.

For example,

Air pollution: From factories can beget respiratory problems in creatures, and water pollution from factories can pollute drinking water and kill fish and other aquatic creatures.

Noise pollution: Factories can produce loud noise, which can disrupt the communication and geste of animals.

Collisions: Creatures can collide with plant structures or vehicles, which can injure or kill them.

Indirect impacts of factories on wildlife include

Food scarcity: Factories can contaminate or destroy the food sources that creatures rely on.

Disease transmission: Pollution from factories can spread conditions to creatures.

Competition for resources: Factories can contend with creatures for coffers similar as food, water, and space.

Habitat fragmentation: Factories can scrap wildlife habitat, making it more delicate for creatures to move around and find food and mates.

The impacts of factories on wildlife can vary depending on the type of plant, the position of the plant, and the girding terrain. still, manufactories can have a significant negative impact on wildlife, and it's important to take way to reduce these impacts.

Then are some ways to reduce the impact of factories on wildlife:

Choose plant spots that have minimum impact on wildlife habitat.
Use pollution control measures to reduce emigrations of adulterants into the air, water, and soil.
Minimize noise pollution from factories.
Install wildlife crossing structures to help creatures avoid collisions with plant structures or vehicles.
Support sustainable product practices that reduce the need for factories.

By taking way to reduce the impact of factories on wildlife, we can help cover these important members of our ecosystems.

Wildlife: A Vital Part of Our Natural World

2023-08-30T18:00:00.001+05:00

Wildlife: A Vital Part of Our Natural World

Wildlife has a significant impact on nature. They play a vital role in the ecosystem by providing food and shelter for other animals, pollinating plants, and dispersing seeds. They also help to control populations of pests and other animals.

Here are some of the specific effects of wildlife on nature:

Pollination: Many plants rely on animals, such as birds and bees, to pollinate their flowers. This process is essential for plant reproduction and the production of fruits and seeds.
Dispersal of seeds: Animals, such as birds and rodents, often eat the fruits of plants and then disperse the seeds in their droppings. This helps to spread plants to new areas and ensures that they have a chance to grow and reproduce.
Control of pests: Some animals, such as bats and spiders, prey on insects that can damage crops and other plants. This helps to control pest populations and protect crops from damage.
Habitat creation: Wildlife can create habitats for other animals by digging burrows, building nests, and depositing droppings. These habitats provide food and shelter for other animals, helping to support a diverse range of life.

In addition to these direct effects, wildlife also has indirect effects on nature. For example, the presence of predators can help to keep prey populations in check, which can in turn help to prevent overgrazing and the destruction of vegetation.

Overall, wildlife plays an essential role in maintaining the balance of nature. By providing food and shelter for other animals, pollinating plants, dispersing seeds, controlling pests, and creating habitats, wildlife helps to ensure the health and sustainability of ecosystems around the world.

However, wildlife is also facing a number of threats, including habitat loss, climate change, pollution, and overexploitation. These threats are having a significant impact on wildlife populations and their ability to carry out their essential roles in nature. It is important to take steps to protect wildlife and their habitats in order to ensure the health of our planet.

The Wolf Apex Predator

2023-08-28T17:38:00.001+05:00

The Wolf Apex Predator

It's an beast extensively inhabiting nearly all regions of North America and Eurasia, and is classified as a mammalian canid.

Also known as the argentine wolf In the history, it was frequently called' Wolf' or' Horse Cat', but in ultramodern times, it's nearly always called Wolf. still, in North Korea, according to the Joseon Dynasty Dictionary, it's called' wolf' or' steed cat'. Although this wordbook says seungnyangi and wolf are different, there's a tendency to idiomatically don't distinguish seungnyangi from wolf. According to the North Korean wordbook,' wolf' = ' seungnyangi ' = ' dogseungnyangi'.

Description

body length	1~1.6m
shoulder height	80-85cm
weight	30-80 kg (adult male) 23-55 kg (adult female)

Wolves are the largest and most iconic of the wild doggies. There's a big difference in size depending on the region, and generally, according to Bergman's law, wolves in the northern regions are larger than wolves in the south. Wolves in cold regions of Russia and Canada are further than a fairly large canine importing 30 to 60 kg, but in the south, Arabian wolves and Indian wolves are veritably suppressed at 20 kg. On average, the northwestern wolf of western North America is the largest, importing further than 50 kg on average, and individualities importing 79 kg have been reported. The largest wolf ever linked was a Eurasian wolf killed in Ukraine importing 86 kg. There are unofficial records of wolves importing as much as 96 kg, but none have been verified.

Compared to tykes , Great Danes are on average similar to wolves in numerous felicitations, including length and weight. Slightly larger than, the Saint Bernard tends to be lower in length and height, but weighs more. In other words, a large wolf is analogous in size to a super-large canine. In fact, types of tykes made to fight wolves ( similar as the Irish Wolfhounds) are relatively large. still, since wolves also vary greatly in size depending on the region where they live, it's pointless to lump them together in this way. The body is narrow and elongated, and the legs are long, so they're relatively altitudinous compared to their size and have a long body length. Especially, wolves living in the north have thick fur to escape the cold wave, so they look much bigger than they actually are.

The extermination trouble position is Least Concern, which means that there's nearly no concern as it's the smallest endangerment position to which humans belong. still, the situation in individual territories, rather than as a whole, is slightly different, and numerous areas are at threat of fading. For illustration, in Korea, wolves are designated as a first- class risked species by the Ministry of Environment and are nearly defunct. In numerous countries where wolves live, wolves are defended by designating public premisesand cracking down on coddling. As long as they're well defended, their number is increased veritably snappily, because the relief of generations takes place veritably snappily rather of a short lifetime.

In neolithic times, mashed creatures similar as deer and bison were liked and hunted in herds, so the exertion areas and ecological status fully lapped with humans, and until humans erected a high- position scientific civilization, they contended on an equal footing. also maintained What both species have in common is the specific of forming a group by moving in packs and the specific of stalking while continuously chasing prey. Insub-Saharan Africa, spotted hyenas and African wild tykes play nearly the same part as wolves in the northern semicircle, and slapdash tykes live as wild tykes no different from wolves in some areas of metropolises and private houses. It's a mammal belonging to the canine family of the order Carnivora. In taxonomy, inheritable differences are so small that it's classified as the same species as tykes , so it's possible to copulate and reproduce with each other.

Subspecies of gray wolf

※† indicates endangered species

Eurasia, Australia

Tundra Wolf
Arabian Wolf
Caspian Sea Wolf
A wolf
Dingo
dog
Himalayan wolf
Eurasian wolf
Italian wolf
Iberian wolf
Indian wolf

North America

Arctic wolf
Mexican wolf
British Columbia Wolf
Vancouver Island Wolf
Hudson's Bay Wolf
Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf
Labrador Wolf
Alexander archipelago wolf
Eastern wolf
Mackenzie River Wolf
Northwest Wolf
Greenland wolf
Alaska Inland Wolf
red wolf
Alaskan tundra wolf

Extinct group

† Kenai Peninsula Wolf
† Newfoundland wolf
† Banks Island Wolf
† Sicilian Wolf
† Florida black wolf
† Cascade mountain wolf
† Mississippi Valley Wolf
† Manitoba wolf
† Hokkaido wolf
† Japanese wolf
† Mogollonian wolf
† Texas wolf
† Great Plains Wolf
† Southern Rocky Mountain Wolf

History of Markhor

2023-08-26T10:05:00.001+05:00

History of Markhor

Origin of goats

Goats are domesticated animals thousands of years ago and are commonly called goats in Korea. It is known that the ancestors of today's goats were largely wild species belonging to the genus Capra and Hemitragus. The genus Capra is divided into five species and is classified into Capra ibex, Capra pyrenaica, Capra caucasia, Capra hercus, and Capra falconeri. Capra Hercules, which is assumed to be the ancestor of goats, is also called bezoar and is divided into two subspecies, Agagrus and Britti. In particular, it is known that the Agagrus subspecies existing in Iran, Turkey, western Afghanistan and Greece are the ancestors of mountain goats. This species is about 95cm tall and relatively slender, and males have beards that cover the entire chin. The hair on the neck and shoulders grows long, and the color of the hair on the head is grayish brown in winter and reddish brown in spring. It is a breed recognized as the original breed of European goat. The Capra Falconeri species, distributed in the mountains of Afghanistan, the western Himalayas, and Pakistan, is called the Markhor species and is larger than the Bezoar species and has long hair around the neck and spirally twisted horns. The cashmere goat, a wool species, is said to be the lineage of this breed. It is speculated that the two species, Bezoar and Markhor, interbred to form many of the many domesticated breeds today.

Domestication of goats

Despite being domesticated for a long time, goats still have wild nature. In addition, it is an animal that can be easily reared not only in flatlands but also in rough and rugged areas. According to archaeological data, goats were domesticated around 7000 B.C., and it is estimated that goats inhabiting the Zagros Mountains on the border between Iran and Iraq were domesticated. In ancient Egypt, the horns of a spiral-shaped Bezoar goat, which is presumed to be a domesticated goat introduced from the Middle East around 3500 B.C., were excavated. It is speculated that it played an important role economically, such as supplying meat and milk. Judging from the shape of the horns, most of the modern breeds are presumed to be the ancestors of a capra hercuse species called Bezoar, which exists in Persia and Asia, among several wild species, and the Kesmere species is believed to be the ancestor of a capra falconeri species called Markhor. are estimating

According to various archaeological data and documents, it is assumed that the transmission route of goats spread from the Middle East to Southeast Asia as wild goats were domesticated. It is also speculated that some goats from the Middle East may have spread to Southeast Asia, China and Mongolia.

Breeding history of black goats

It is not clear when black goats began to be bred in Korea. However, according to the records of livestock in the classic books, it is estimated that 11 species, including cows, sheep, pigs, horses, donkeys, and rabbits, were already raised as livestock before the Goryeo Dynasty. Among the ancient records of the Joseon Dynasty, about 54 kinds of classic books, such as sheep disease treatment, are recorded about livestock.

It is estimated that the beginning of goat breeding was when Anu brought a portrait of Confucius and 500 goats from China during the reign of King Chungseon of Goryeo and raised them in Gyeongsang-do. In addition, there is a record that domesticated goats were raised in a passage of Sangsomun in the 4th year of King Taejo, early in the Joseon Dynasty. In addition, according to previous data, there are documents that there was a kind of sheep, but it is not known whether it refers to sheep or goats. there is a record If sheep in this document refers to goat, the origin of goat breeding in the Korean Peninsula can be guessed from the words of the Samhan Period, about 2000 years ago. On the other hand, the character sheep appears in [Shindangseo], [Hujuseo] and [Suseo], but it is difficult to distinguish whether it refers to a goat or a sheep. After the establishment of the Three Kingdoms, the character sheep appeared in the epitaph recording the achievements of King Gwanggaeto of Goguryeo, and in Nihongi (599), it is recorded that Baekje sent one camel, one donkey, two sheep, and a pair of pheasants. In the Unified Silla Dynasty, Japan's [Nihongi-ryak (820)] records that Jang-haeng Lee, a Silla, offered two Goryeok sheep, four white sheep, one goat, and one goose to the emperor. In [History of Goryeo], the word goat appears for the first time in early December 1038, but it seems that it was used for ornamental purposes in the court and was not widely bred in the private sector. In addition, there is a record that sheep were raised as livestock in Goryeo Dogyeong, which was written by Seo-suk of the Song Dynasty after seeing and writing about Goryeo in 1123.

The record of universal use of sheep in the private sector is that were widely used and used by government officials and rich families in the 13th year of King Sejong. is the record of Therefore, it can be assumed that goats have been raised in the private sector as domesticated goats since about 500 years before the early Joseon Dynasty. The current Chinese character name for goats in Korea is Sanyang, which was used after the end of the Joseon Dynasty. Black goat is a general term referring to black hair color among domesticated goats. In Korea, most of the native goats' hair color was fixed to black, so the Korean native goat was established as a breed, and the native goat was soon called black goat.

Save Elephants

2020-06-27T14:55:00.006+05:00

Destroy ivory to prevent poachers from making profits and save elephants

Destroying illegally obtained ivory is a clear message to poaching criminals: The United States will crack down on and punish them, and will absolutely not let the killing of these precious animals be profitable.

The US Fish and Wildlife Service's " Ivory Crush " project is also dedicated to raising public awareness of illegal wildlife trade and reducing the demand for illegal ivory.

In the United States, ivory and other wild items that were intercepted were kept as evidence until the relevant criminal and civil cases ended. After the case was closed, a few items were left for educational and training needs, and the rest of the intercepted items were all destroyed-to ensure that such killing activities were not profitable.

Some ivory was intercepted when it was smuggled into the United States; some was found when it was shipped from the local area or in illegal transnational transactions. Some items were intercepted because they did not have relevant permits based on the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora when they entered the United States, or because they returned from overseas travel The person carrying the item does not know (or fails to comply) with wildlife laws and regulations.

In November 2013, the United States destroyed 6 tons of intercepted ivory. Since then, many countries, including the Philippines, Kenya, France and China, have also destroyed their stocks of intercepted items. Every ton of ivory means that about 330 elephants have died. The illegal ivory trade has resulted in the killing of more than 30,000 elephants each year .

You can help eliminate illegal wildlife trade by refusing to buy ivory or ivory products .

The American Bison

2020-06-25T03:39:00.006+05:00

The American Bison is about to become a symbol of the United States just like the American national bird, the Bald Eagle

Congressional legislation will push the American bison to the same status as the bald eagle, which has long enjoyed a national symbolic status. The bison that survived the Ice Age and survived has always been a sign of strength and determination for many Americans.

The U.S. Senate formally passed the legislation titled the American Bison National Mammal on April 28, and the U.S. House of Representatives has passed it two days earlier. The National Bison Legacy Act has now been sent to the President for signature. According to news media reports, President Obama is about to sign a bill to make it effective.

Rep. Lacy Clay, Missouri Federal Representative, said: "No other native species can tell the story of the United States like this noble creature."

Millions of bison, also known as American bison, once traversed the vast land from central Canada to the Great Plains and northern Mexico. Hunters who profited from the sale of bison hides hunted bison for a century, leading to a reduction in the number of bison to only a few hundred in the early 20th century. There are now about 30,000 bison in the United States, mainly concentrated in Yellowstone National Park (Yellowstone National Park).

The Yellowstone Park area is the only area in the United States where bison has survived since the prehistoric period.

The Indians and animal protectors worked together to increase the importance people attach to bison and help people realize that bison was an important source for many Indian tribes to meet the needs of clothing, food and shelter before the arrival of European settlers.

According to Jim Stone of the InterTribal Buffalo Council in South Dakota, bison is called "tatanka" by some tribes and is a legend of creation The protagonist in the story tells that when humans live underground, the bison said to them'Come on the ground, let us support you'.

This article is based on reports from the Associated Press.

Giraffe is in danger of extinction

2020-06-25T03:30:00.002+05:00

Giraffe is in danger of extinction

Giraffe, as the world's tallest animal, is gradually disappearing from the earth, and it is on the verge of extinction in at least seven African countries. According to a recent report by ABC News , the number of giraffes has fallen by 40% in 15 years.

Julian Fennessy, executive director of the Giraffe Conservation Foundation, told ABC News that the number of giraffes has dropped from 140,000 to 80,000 today. This organization has prepared the first comprehensive study on the survival status of giraffes, which is scheduled to be published in 2015.

The basic reason for the decline in the number of giraffes is that agricultural development and the growth of human numbers have caused the deer herds to lose their habitat for survival. At the same time, giraffes are mild by nature and can easily become the target of carnivores and poaching activities, further causing the decline in the number of giraffes. Poachers can sell giraffe tails, leather, bones and heads, and get a particularly profitable profit. In some countries, it is also believed that giraffes can be used as medicine to help treat AIDS.

There is another problem worth noting. When it comes to protecting African wildlife, elephants and rhinos are often the focus of attention.

What do people do to protect giraffes? Organizations such as the Giraffe Conservation Fund have requested to raise awareness of this issue, actively promote related research, and develop partnerships with some NGOs. Many African governments have imposed restrictions on hunting wild animals such as giraffes.

Recently, the United States and eight African countries have worked together to reach an agreement that requires better coordination against poaching, protection of wild habitats, and exchange of information on trafficking. This agreement effectively complements work undertaken by other parties, such as the Coalition Against Wildlife Trafficking of the State Council. The alliance urged the public and private sectors to strengthen law enforcement together.

Individuals can also contribute to protection work. If you are concerned about protecting giraffes and other animals whose lives are threatened , organizations such as the Giraffe Conservation Fund and the World Wildlife Fund can provide opportunities to participate.

October 23 "International Snow Leopard Day"

2020-06-23T23:02:00.002+05:00

October 23 "International Snow Leopard Day"

Snow Leopard needs our help.

The number of such legendary leopards is steadily decreasing due to hunting and human harassment. Only a few thousand snow leopards currently live in the area from Uzbekistan to Mongolia and western China.

The United States is working hard to protect the endangered snow leopard. An action plan by the US Agency for International Development and the World Wildlife Fund-named "Conservation and Adaptation in Asia's High Mountain" Landscapes and Communities)-Protecting snow leopards in their habitat.

Twelve countries with wild snow leopards met in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan in August 2017, reaffirming their commitment to protect snow leopards and their mountain homes.

Please participate in the protection of this endangered animal on International Snow Leopard Day on October 23rd.

Ten ways to save wild animals

2020-06-23T20:05:00.002+05:00

Ten ways to save wild animals

The population of the earth has exceeded 7 billion. Imagine if each of us promised to do one thing every day-no matter how small this thing-to protect wild animals, what would be the effect. Through our joint efforts, even small actions can have a huge impact. Here are some ways everyone can make an impact:

1. Adopted animals: From wild animals to wild environments, everyone can make their own choices. Please join your classmates to adopt animals from wildlife protection organizations such as the World Wildlife Fund . Symbolic adoption is funding for wildlife protection organizations.

2. Voluntary service: If you cannot provide financial support, you can contribute time. Many conservation organizations and zoos have volunteer projects. You can help clean the beach, rescue wild animals, or promote wildlife conservation knowledge to tourists.

3. Visit: Zoo ( Zoos ), aquariums, national parks ( National Parks ) and wildlife sanctuary is the habitat of wild animals. There you can learn more about the planet’s species from experts and observe the most amazing animals on earth at close range.

4. Donate: When visiting your local zoo and nature reserve, please buy tickets for voluntary payment. Your donation can help maintain these important protected areas.

5. Make a sound: share your love for wildlife protection with your family. Tell your friends how you can help. Everyone you know promises to do their best to stop the smuggling of wild animals .

6. Be a responsible consumer: refuse to buy products made with endangered animal ingredients, so as not to allow wild animal smuggling to become a profitable industry.

7. Don't throw garbage casually: Garbage is not only unsightly but also harmful. The heads of birds and other animals may get caught in the plastic ring. The fish may get caught in the net . Moreover, garbage pollutes all natural resources. Do your best to throw the trash where you should.

8. Recycling: Make full use of your existing items. If you can no longer use it, recycle it. The Minnesota Zoo encourages tourists to recycle mobile phones to reduce the demand for the mineral coltan, because the coltan deposit is located in the habitat of lowland gorillas.

9. Remediation: Data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature shows that habitat destruction is the main threat to 85% of threatened and endangered species. You can help reduce this threat by planting local tree species, restoring wetlands, or cleaning beaches.

10. Participation: Whether you want to protect natural habitats or prevent wildlife smuggling, please find an organization that is consistent with your ambitions to participate. Become a member, understand the latest information, and actively support your organization.

The journey of a tiger from danger to safety

2020-06-23T19:46:00.004+05:00

The journey of a tiger from danger to safety

Experts from the Amur Tiger Center are closely watching an Amur wild tiger placed back in the Russian forest in 2017. This 300-pound male tiger wandered to the streets of Vladivostok in the Russian Far East, which attracted the attention of the international media and was named Vladik.

Now, Vladik, with a positioning collar, is released into the remote forested Bikin National Park in Russia; experts will continue to observe its whereabouts.

The care of Vladik until its final release became an example of international cooperation in the protection of the endangered Amur tiger, often referred to as the Siberian tiger.

Some US institutions have been working with Russian research institutes, parliamentarians and communities to strengthen anti-poaching legislation, ban illegal logging, increase the number of tiger prey, and promote the dangers of tigers to the public.

This effort is paying off. Through decades of protection and anti-poaching measures, the Amur Tigers in the Russian Far East increased to 540, making it the largest number of tigers living in a series of regions in the world.

According to the World Wildlife Fund , the number of Amur tigers was reduced to only about 40 at that time, and hunting activities in all directions were likely to exterminate them. However, since the 1940s, the Amur Tiger has gradually come back to life. Russia is the first country to give tigers full protection.

Tigers are still facing threats from human activities in the Russian Far East, including urban expansion and illegal logging. Poaching also poses a serious threat to the Amur Tiger. People take tiger skins, tiger teeth and tiger bones to illegal wildlife markets for trading.

However, the United States and Russia are working together to reduce these threats:

The Siberian Tiger Project of the Wildlife Conservation Society provides instruments and equipment for experts in Russia to conduct tiger health analysis, site transfer and supervision.
WWF worked with the Russian government and Russian tiger experts to help establish a networked protected area along the Russian-Chinese border and conduct anti-poaching campaigns.

Russia is a staunch supporter of tiger protection. For example, in 2010, Russian President Vladimir Putin presided over the International Tiger Summit, and 13 countries with tiger habitats promised to double the number of tigers in the world by 2022.

For now, Vladik has recently traveled nearly 400 miles south of Bikin National Park . Experts speculate that it left because it was too crowded there, and then turned around and moved to the middle of the Sikhote-Alin mountain range in southeastern Russia. Wildlife protectors everywhere are watching its whereabouts.

March 3 is World Wildlife Day (World Wildlife Day). Learn how you can help them.

Rare antelope returns to Africa

2020-06-23T18:11:00.002+05:00

Rare antelope returns to Africa

An antelope that has been extinct in nature is returning to Africa. The scimitar-horned oryx horns were sold as unicorn horns in the Middle Ages.

Bent-horned antelopes are the largest mammals extinct in the wild in the past 20 years. But last year, 25 crooked antelopes were released in Chad, and this spring, three small antelopes were added to them.

Bent-horned antelope is a desert animal with a unique long, straight head and horn. It once appeared in Mauritania and Morocco in the west, and in Egypt and Sudan in the east. Due to lack of hunting control, drought and habitat loss, this antelope herd was extinct in the wild in the 1980s. It is estimated that there are currently 6,000 curly-horned antelopes raised artificially.

The release of these antelopes is the result of the joint efforts of the Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi (EAD) and the Chad Government's Scimitar-horned Oryx Reintroduction Program.

Steve Monfort, director of the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, said: "Restoration of wild sword antelope will have an impact on the conservation and management of the entire Sahelian grassland ecosystem. A huge and positive impact."

Before the antelope flock returned to nature, each antelope was put on a GPS positioning collar and was tracked and monitored by scientists from the Smithsonian Institute of Conservation Biology and Zoological Society of London. Hunters trained by EAD and the Sahara Conservation Fund are responsible for monitoring the antelope colony in Chad.

John Newby, CEO of the Sahara Conservation Foundation, said the current plan is to regularly introduce new antelopes in order to "reach viable numbers in the next three to four years."

The return of antelopes to nature is one of the fruits of the Smithsonian Institution's celebration of the "Earth Optimism" held in conjunction with Earth Day on April 22.

Another result of the smashing operation

2020-06-23T17:47:00.001+05:00

Another result of the smashing operation

In order to investigate and stop the illegal hunting of rhinos and the trafficking of rhino horns, the relevant parties are continuing to take active actions and have recently achieved another result. An auction house and its owners confessed to the crime of selling wild animals.

Christopher Hayes, president and owner of Elite Decorative Arts, pleaded guilty to conspiracy to illegally traffic and smuggle wildlife in Miami on January 14. The auction house sells rhino horn and rhino horn products, ivory and coral smuggled from the United States to China .

The Operation Crash, led by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, continues to investigate the crime of trafficking in wildlife across the United States, involving various aspects of the black market for rhino horn trade in the United States.

Continue to kill African rhinos and elephants The activity is driven by consumer demand, and American citizens such as Christopher Hayes are also closely involved in illegal transactions here and overseas. We will continue to work together with international law enforcement agencies and the international community to threaten the ruthless and threatening world wildlife People are brought to justice."

Elephants are hunted.

2020-06-23T17:35:00.004+05:00

Elephants are hunted for their tusks and may become extinct within 100 years.

The facts behind the numbers are alarming. More than 60 African elephants were killed every day in 2012 to meet the demand of the illegal ivory trade. In two years, 100,000 elephants were killed.

What is the cause of this phenomenon? It is ivory known as "platinum". One kilogram of ivory can be sold for $3,000 on the black market, and criminals are determined to profit from it. The Washington Post (The Washington Post) wrote why these magnificent highly intelligent animals are becoming more and more critical.

You can help in the following ways:

Raise the awareness of your family and friends. Some people do not understand the terrible truth behind the illegal ivory trade. A protected animal of International Foundation survey conducted in China showed that 70% of people think that as ivory teeth and the general will naturally fall off.

Please go to a participating city near you to participate in the Global Conservation Elephant Parade scheduled for October 4th.

Please join Ivory Challenge (Ivory Challenge). Put forward your ideas on how to turn the crushed 6 tons of ivory collected by the US Fish and Wildlife Service into an educational tool to raise awareness of the illegal wildlife trade.

Make sure not to buy or sell ivory products and encourage your colleagues and friends to join the ranks. You can also sign an online proposal.

Understand the position of the government of your country on this issue. The US government considers this a threat to animal protection and global security, and has formulated a National Strategy for Combating Wildlife Trafficking.

If your organization has established a wildlife conservation project, you can consider applying for funding from these animal protection foundations.

Why should we protect wildlife?

2020-06-23T16:33:00.002+05:00

Why should we protect wildlife?

Every year, thousands of animals are extinct. Many animals that once thrived on the earth disappeared forever on our planet at a heartbreaking rate. Scientists estimate that there is a factor that is causing the current extinction of animal species 1,000 times faster than under normal conditions. What are the factors? The answer is disturbingly simple: human.

What is the problem?

We consume natural resources on the earth so fast that they are too late to regenerate. We are destroying animal habitats, food sources, water, air — and the animals themselves at an unsustainable rate. As skyscrapers rose from the ground and the bird's nest disappeared, as the river was drained into a parking lot, and as elephants were slaughtered into ivory ornaments, the number and variety of animals shrank dramatically.

In addition to a lot of resource consumption, a more disturbing trend is threatening our wildlife: smuggling. The illegal trade in animals and animal resources on the black market is increasing day by day. Due to the growing demand for the products of some of the world’s most representative terrestrial animals-such as elephants, rhinos and tigers-not only are these species threatened, but the peace, health and well-being of the people living near them Prosperity is also threatened. [Please see that the elephant was hunted for its ivory, it may be extinct within 100 years and the smashing operation will achieve another result ]

Why should we care about this issue?

The loss caused by the extinction of an animal species is not only reflected in the loss of these animals themselves. Although we may think that the animal world is independent of ours, in fact human and animal life are closely related, and we are inextricably linked to them. Plants, animals, people, and the environment together form a biological community-that is, an ecosystem-in which all parts are interdependent. If a part of such a community is out of balance or extinct, the entire system will suffer. In addition, the smuggling of wild animals can impair the safety of citizens and the income of legally operating enterprises.

Everyone can contribute

Although humans are the biggest threat to wildlife, they are also their only hope. In addition to large institutions, businesses and governments, individuals and small communities around the world are working hard to ensure that our wildlife-and humans-can have a safer future. From curbing demand for animal products, enacting and implementing laws to combat illegal trafficking, to volunteering to help protect endangered species organizations, animal protection warriors are fighting the threat to animals on earth in many ways.

Even the smallest actions can embody great meaning. We may not regenerate the species that has already disappeared, but there are many species that are on the verge of extinction, which requires our urgent attention and action. Don't create problems, but try to solve them: let us respect and protect the wild species of the earth.

Wild animals-saveforforest

2020-06-23T00:09:00.003+05:00

Wild animals

Deer is a common wild animal species

Wild animals refer to all kinds of animals that live in a natural state and have not been domesticated by humans .

In nature , wild animals use excrement to mark their territory and declare the habit of sovereignty .

Overview

Wild animals, as the name suggests, are animals that grow and reproduce in the wild. Generally speaking, they have the following characteristics:

Independent survival in the wild, that is, survival without relying on external factors such as human power
With a population and exclusive

Wildlife protection

With the over exploitation of human beings , the habitats of wild animals are threatened, and many types of wild animals are extinct or on the verge of extinction. Many governments have special laws to protect wild animals. In many Asian countries, the strong demand for wild animals in terms of food and medicine is also threatening wildlife. Some legendary "special effects" have been exaggerated, resulting in large numbers of wild animals being hunted. Such animal products are: hippocampus , shark , rhinoceros horn, ivory , tiger, bird's nest , Cordyceps sinensis and the like. although

In 2016, a report jointly written by WWF and the Zoological Society of London pointed out that since 1970, the number of wild animals worldwide has decreased by nearly 60% due to human activities. The direct cause of the massive decline in wildlife is human development. The world’s population more than doubled between 1960 and 2016, leading to a reduction in habitat and food for other animals. Some endangered wild animals have been removed from the endangered list through conservation and other processes, but these species still need to be protected.

In addition, excessive animal catching not only causes ecological imbalances, but also may cause the spread of infectious diseases, such as atypical pneumonia , 2019 new coronavirus, and other known infectious diseases.

Nutritional value

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations pointed out: Research on the nutritional value of wild animal meat shows that wild animal meat is equivalent even if it is not better than domestic animal meat . The general trend is that the meat of most wild animal species tends to be low in fat , while the protein content is equal to or better than beef , lamb , chicken or pork , and the vitamin content is much higher .

Wildlife in China

China is one of the countries with the richest wildlife species, with vertebrate species accounting for more than 10% of the world’s species, including 500 mammals , 1,258 bird species, 412 reptile species, 295 amphibian species, and 3862 fish species. . Many of them are rare species unique to China, such as giant pandas , snub-nosed monkeys , crested ibis , brown horse chickens , and alligator .

Kangaroo-saveforforest

2020-06-21T23:52:00.002+05:00

Kangaroo

Kangaroo (English: Kangaroo , / ˌ k Æ ŋɡ ə r uː / ) is a type of marsupial animal , belonging to the kangaroo Branch (Macropodidae), "Kangaroo" the term often used to refer Macropodidae the largest size of several species .

Generally speaking, large kangaroos have a higher adaptability to human development in Australia ; in contrast, many of their small relatives face greater survival threats and fewer numbers.

There is currently no large-scale kangaroo farming industry, but wild kangaroos will be hunted and made into edible meat, and this industry is also controversial .

The kangaroo's English name "Kangaroo" origin, derived from the legend of Australian Aborigines Koo ancient secret according to Scheeren (Guugu Yimidhirr) said: "gangurru", which means "do not know", which is derived from a misunderstanding [3] . When James Cook of the United Kingdom made his first voyage, he hit a reef on the Great Barrier Reef in Northeast Australia on June 11, 1770, and finally repaired the ship on the shore of the River Effort (now the port of Cook Town ). During the seven weeks, the botanist Joseph Banks accidentally discovered a quaint animal and asked the local Australian aboriginal Gu Guyi Mi She. Because the aborigines did not understand English, the reply was not Know (gangurru). Banks mistakenly referred to ( gangurru ) as the English name for ( kangaroo ). This legend was confirmed ( 1970s ) by the linguist John B . Haviland in the study of the Migu tribe of Guguyi. The local name for kangaroo is "ganguro", and its meaning is not "don't know" .

Kangaroo symbol of Australia, Australia appears Coat in, as well as some Australian currency on the pattern. Many Australian organizations, such as Qantas, also use kangaroos as their logo. Australian military vehicles and ships are often painted with the Kangaroo logo when performing missions overseas.

Animal characteristics

According to zoologists, kangaroos are typical representatives of marsupials. Marsupials are underdeveloped animals and belong to premature fetuses, so they need to be developed in childcare bags. A female kangaroo has four nipples, two high-fat, and two low-fat. The female kangaroo generally produces 3 to 4 larvae per litter. After the kangaroo is born, it will crawl into the bag through the cloaca and consume low-fat milk, while This also determines that only two kangaroos can survive per fetus. Kangaroos are very small at birth, only about 1 grain of peanut, and the height of an adult kangaroo is about 1.6 meters, and its weight can reach 50 kg. Kangaroos jump with their lower limbs and run very fast, with speeds up to 50 kilometers per hour. Kangaroos have a "multifunctional" tail, which has a very large effect. It can be supported on the ground when resting, and it works with the lower limbs to balance the body. The tail is an important balancing tool during running. In addition, the kangaroo tail is still Important offensive and defensive weapons. Others say that a kangaroo is a brave animal, it only moves forward, not backwards.

Lifestyle

Kangaroos are herbivores that eat a variety of plants, and some also eat fungi. Kangaroos live on small grasses that are close to the ground and leave long grass and hay for other animals. Individual species of kangaroos also eat leaves or small tree teeth. The "racism" in the kangaroo family is very serious. They cannot tolerate the entry of foreign members into the family, and even members of this family are unwelcome after coming back for a long time. Even if the family accepts new members, they have to learn a lesson, and they will not become one with the family until they learn many "rules".

Kangaroos usually live in groups , sometimes as many as hundreds. But there are also smaller kangaroos that live alone.

In the wild, when kangaroos are chased by enemies, they have their own unique countermeasures. They leaned against the big tree with their tails on the ground and kicked the enemy's abdomen with their strong hind legs. However, in the zoo, the kangaroo is still a relatively gentle and honest animal. They are carefully cared for, eat nutritious feed, and get used to life in the zoo. In cold weather, I moved into a conservatory with large glass windows.

Kangaroos are the largest mammals that jump together with two hind feet, and jumping is a gait that is very strange for large mammals, but this is not the only way for kangaroos to walk. Kangaroos don't just jump and move. When moving slowly, they also crawl on four feet, but a pair of forelimbs and a pair of hindlimbs move together instead of moving alternately .

Growth and reproduction

The female kangaroo has two uteruses . The baby in the right uterus has just been born, and the baby in the left uterus is pregnant with the baby. Kangaroo grew up, After leaving the nursery bag completely , the embryo began to develop. Wait for about 40 days, and then be born in the same way. In this way, the left and right uterus take turns pregnant. If the external conditions are suitable, the kangaroo mother will continue to breed.

Kangaroos reproduce once or twice a year . Baby kangaroos are born about 30 to 40 days after fertilization . They are tiny, have no vision, and have little hair. They are stored in the mother kangaroo's nursery bag immediately after birth. It was not until 6 to 7 months that I started to leave the nursery bag for a short time to study and live. Only one year later, weaning will be formally weaned , leaving the nursery bag, but still active near the mother kangaroo, so you can get help and protection at any time. A female kangaroo can have a baby kangaroo outside the bag, a baby kangaroo inside the bag and a baby kangaroo waiting to be delivered.

When the baby kangaroo grows to four months old, the whole body has long hair, its back is black and gray, and its abdomen is light gray. At five months, sometimes the little kangaroo sticks its head out and the female kangaroo pushes its head down. The wallaby is more and more naughty, its head is pressed down, it will stretch out its legs, and sometimes drag the small tail outside the mouth of the bag. Sometimes, a baby kangaroo of this size will poop and urinate in the nursery bag, and the female kangaroo will often have to "clean" the hygiene of the nursery bag: it uses the forelimbs to open the mouth of the bag, and uses the tongue to carefully pull the bag out of the bag. Lick it clean. After the kangaroos grew up in the nursery bag for seven months, they began to jump out of the bag and move outside. But when frightened, it will quickly go back to the childcare bag. At this time, the childcare bag also became like a rubber bag, and it was very flexible. It could be opened and closed, and it was easy for the kangaroo to enter and exit.

In the end, the wallaby grew into the nursery bag and could no longer be accommodated. It had to move out of the bag to live. But it had to live by eating the milk of the female kangaroo, and then drilled its head into the nursery bag to feed.

It takes three or four years for the kangaroo to mature and become a kangaroo with a height of 1.6 meters and a weight of more than 100 kilograms. At this time, its physical strength has reached its peak, and it can jump 65 kilometers per hour; when the tail is swept, it can cause death.

Habitat

Kangaroos live in different natural environments. For example, the Portroyd Kangaroo will make a nest for itself while the tree kangaroo lives in the bush. Large species of kangaroo like to use trees, caves and rock cracks as shelter.

Distribution range

Mainly distributed in the grasslands and jungles of Australia and North and South America.

Most kangaroos are Australian specialties, but some tree kangaroos live in New Guinea .

Widely distributed in various regions of Australia, from the cold Tasmania to the arid and hot Northern Territory, from the national park to the suburbs of the city, you can find traces of kangaroos.

Variety classification

Red kangaroo

The most famous kangaroo is the red kangaroo. It is the largest body and lives in the dry zone of Australia. Its average annual rainfall is less than 500 mm.under. Kangaroo's food contains a lot of water, so he can survive in areas without living water. The red kangaroo is actually only the male kangaroo is red, the female kangaroo is gray-blue, but the red female kangaroo also appeared in the group breeding cross.

Great red kangaroo

The great red kangaroo living in the open grasslands of southeastern Australia is the largest marsupial and a representative species of kangaroos. It is the king of modern marsupials.

The great red kangaroo looks like a mouse, like a giant rat. In fact, it is not related to mice. Its body hair is reddish brown, with a body length of 130 to 150 cm, a tail length of 120 to 130 cm, and a body weight of 70 to 90 kg. The head is small, the face is long, and there are black whiskers on both sides of the nostril. Big eyes. Ear length. Strange looks and lovable. They have small heads, big ears, and big eyes. Adapted to the jumping lifestyle, the forelimbs are short and thin, and can be used to hug food. The hind limbs are strong and the toes are merged. One step can jump 5 meters away, and the speed can reach 40 to 65 kilometers per hour. The tail grows up as a supporting organ when inhabiting and a balancer when jumping.

The great red kangaroo is active in the morning and dusk, and is hidden in the grass nest or shallow hole during the day. Like to integrate 20-30 or 50-60 group activities, mainly grass and other plant foods. It is timid and alert, and is very sensitive to sight, hearing and smell. A little noise, its long ears could be heard, so it was good.

Eastern Grey Kangaroo

The Eastern Grey Wallaby (Macropus giganteus) is not as famous as the Red Wallaby, but the Eastern Grey Wallaby is the most common. Living in a more fertile area.

Western Grey Kangaroo

The Western Grey Kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus) is the smallest of the three kangaroos: the adult male weighs 54 kg (119 lbs) . Lives on the southwest coast of Australia and the Darling River Basin.

Musk Kangaroo

With a body length of only 15-20 cm and a tail length of 12.7-15 cm, it is the smallest kangaroo in the world. Compared with ordinary kangaroos jumping on the grassland, they are typical dwarf species. They have lived in the tropical rain forest for more than 20 million years. Scientists are very worried about their survival and believe that they are vulnerable to environmental changes.

Kangaroo meat

Kangaroo meat is high- protein, low- fat (about 2%) meat . It is known to contain the most conjugated linoleic acid in meat. It has anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties and prevents atherosclerosis .

Koala (Precious Australian arboreal animal)

2020-06-21T00:07:00.001+05:00

Koala (Precious Australian arboreal animal)

The koala (scientific name: Phascolarctos cinereus ) is a koala, koala, with fat body, messy and thick hair, and no tail. The adult koala is about 70-80 cm long and weighs about 10 kg. The body is light gray to light yellow. The color around the abdomen is relatively bright. The nose is bare, big and round, the head is round, and the hair on the ears is very fluffy. The forelimbs have very strong claws and are good at climbing. Male koalas weigh more than 50% of females, have a relatively wide face, a pair of relatively small ears, and a large scented thymus. The main second sex feature of a female is her childcare bag, which has 2 teats in it and opens to the rear end.

Koalas spend most of their time on trees, and spend almost their entire lives on eucalyptus trees. Much of the day is spent sleeping, less than 10% of the time is spent on foraging, while the rest of the time is spent on meditation. Koalas almost never drink water. They feed on eucalyptus leaves. They can eat many eucalyptus leaves every day, and they digest well. Distributed in Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria).

Koalas are Australia's national treasures, as well as Australia's peculiar precious primitive arboreal animals.

Ranked 15th in the world's cutest species list by CNN in 2013.

(Overview reference source: )

name

Koala

Suborder

Koala

Latin name

Phascolarctos

cinereus

Section

Koala

nickname

Koala, Koala,Koala,Sloth Bear

Genus

Koala

boundary

animal world

Species

Koala

door

Notochord

subspecies

None

Asia Gate

Vertebrate

subphylum

Namer and year

Goldfuss, 1817

Gang

Mammalia

English name

Koala, Koala bear

Mesh

Kangaroos (double incisors)

Protection level

(IUCN) 2014 ver 3.1-Vulnerable (VU)

Zoology history

Koalas are Australia's national treasures, as well as Australia's peculiar precious primitive arboreal animals. After the Europeans first landed on the mainland of Australia in 1788, John Price became the first European to record such animals as koalas. In 1816, for the first time, koalas had the scientific name " Phascolarctos cinereus ", which means "grey wombat". But when this cute animal became known, people discovered that koalas were not bears at all, and they were far from each other. Ursidae belongs to the order Carnivora, while koalas belong to the order Marsupial. The Koala bear's English name comes from ancient indigenous script, meaning "no drink" (no water). Indigenous people call it "do not drink water" because they can get 90% of the water they need from the eucalyptus they eat and rarely drink water.

Morphological characteristics

Obese body, messy and thick hair, no tail. The adult koala is about 70-80 cm long and weighs about 10 kg. The body is light gray to light yellow. The color around the abdomen is relatively bright. The nose is bare, big and round, the head is round, and the hair on the ears is very fluffy. The forelimbs have very strong claws and are good at climbing.

Koalas have a relatively small brain , which may also be an adaptation to their low-energy food. The brain is a high-energy-consuming organ that disproportionately consumes a large portion of the body's entire energy budget. The relative brain volume of the koala is almost the smallest of the marsupials found. The average weight of a koala brain distributed in southern Australia (average weight is 9.6 kg) is only about 17 grams, accounting for only 0.2% of body weight. Relative to its size, the koala's cecum is the longest in all mammals, up to 1.8-2.5 meters long, 3 times its body length or even longer. On each jaw, it has been reduced to 1 premolar and 4 wide and high cusp molars.

Male koalas weigh more than 50% of females, have a relatively wide face, a pair of relatively small ears, and a large scented thymus. The main second sex feature of a female is her childcare bag, which has 2 teats in it and opens to the rear end.

The newly born baby koala is only 2 centimeters long and 6 grams in weight, as big as a shelled peanut. They must stay in the mother's nursery bag for 6 months to fully develop.

Lifestyle

Habits

Koalas spend most of their time on trees, and spend almost their entire lives on eucalyptus trees. Much of the day is spent sleeping, less than 10% of the time is spent on foraging, while the rest of the time is spent on meditation. Koalas will climb trees when they are young. They always fall backward when they go down, buttocks land first and move very slowly. Koalas have made a lot of adaptations to arboreal life. Because they use neither nests nor coverings, their tailless bear-like bodies are covered with a dense layer of hair, which provides good isolation. Most koalas have extremely curved, needle-like toenails on their toes, which makes them extremely superb climbers and can easily climb the smoothest and tallest eucalyptus trees. As they climbed the tree, they grabbed the surface of the trunk with their claws, and used their powerful forearms to move upwards, and at the same time drove the hind limbs upward with a jump. The pincer-like structure of the koala's front paws (the first toe and the second toe are opposite to the other three toes), so that they can hold smaller branches and climb to the outer crown. They are less agile on the ground and often move between trees with four feet walking slowly. They also have childcare bags, but unlike kangaroos, their childcare bags are splayed backwards and there are only two nipples. The paws of koalas can also dig holes. It is the largest digging hole in mammals, up to 10 meters deep, and the diameter of the hole is about 60 cm.

Koalas are solitary animals, and males who are accustomed to settlement occupy a fixed nesting area. The size of the nest area is related to the richness of the habitat environment. In the southern part of the country where the product is abundant, the range of the nesting area is relatively small. The area occupied by males is 0.015-0.03 square kilometers and the area occupied by females is 0.005-0.01 square kilometers. However, in semi-arid areas, the range of nesting areas is larger Too much, males often occupy 1 square kilometer or more. The nesting area of the dominant males overlaps with that of up to 9 females. Koalas are mainly active at night.

Feeding habits

Koalas almost never drink water. They feed on eucalyptus leaves. They can eat many eucalyptus leaves every day, and they digest well. Koala's teeth are suitable for handling eucalyptus leaves. They use molar teeth to chew the leaves into a fine paste, and then these things will be microbial fermentation in the cecum. An adult koala eats about 500 grams of fresh leaves every day. Although there are more than 600 kinds of eucalyptus for koalas to choose from, they only feed on about 30 of them. The degree of partial eclipse varies between populations, and they usually gather on tree species in humid, richer habitats. In southern Australia, where they are distributed, they prefer Eucalyptus multiflorum and Eucalyptus globulus , while the population in the north mainly feeds on the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus, E. globulus , E. globulus, E. variegata, and E. eucalyptus .

Eucalyptus leaves are not suitable for consumption by most leaf-eating animals (if not completely toxic). Eucalyptus leaves contain very low levels of basic nutrients, including nitrogen and phosphorus, and contain large amounts of structural substances that are difficult to digest, such as cellulose and lignin, and also contain phenolic and terpene (the basic components of oils) , Studies have shown that what is ultimately formed after these substances are combined may be the key to the koala's partial eclipse, because the acceptability of koalas on eucalyptus leaves has been found to be inverse to some highly toxic phenol-terpene mixtures relationship.

Koalas have made a lot of adaptive changes to enable them to cope with such difficult food. Some leaves obviously avoid them completely, and some leaves contain toxins that can be detoxified in the liver and excreted. Processing foods with such low energy levels requires adjustments in behavioral habits, so koalas sleep a lot and can sleep up to 20 hours a day. This has led to a widely circulated statement: they become paralyzed by ingesting compounds in eucalyptus leaves. Koalas also show a high utilization rate of water, except for the hottest season, they can get all the water they need from the leaves.

Distribution range

Distributed in Australia (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria).

Reproduction

Koalas implement a broad "one male and many female" mating system. In this system, some males occupy most of the mating rights, but the dominant male and the dominant male allocate the mating rights. Accurate details have not been comprehensively and extensively studied, and need to be clearly explained. Female koalas enter sexual maturity when they are 2 years old and begin to breed. Males can also breed at this age, but the mating success rate is usually very low at this time, until they are older (about 4-5 years old) and are large enough to compete successfully with females. Get changed.

In the breeding season, adult males will walk around in a wide range on summer nights. If the male meets another adult male, fighting usually occurs; if the male meets a female in estrus, they may mate. The mating time is very short, generally less than 2 minutes, and is carried out on the tree. Males crawl from behind to females and usually hug it between themselves and the branches when mating.

The female sexual maturity period comes 21-24 months after birth; about 35 days of pregnancy, only one pup is born per fetus, and the child is delivered in the summer (November to March). The cubs live independently after 12 months of birth. Females can reproduce for several years in a row. Up to 18 years.

Protection status

Protection level

Included in the " IUCN Red List of Endangered Species " (IUCN) 2014 ver 3.1-Vulnerable (VU).

Endangered cause

Human activities, forest fires and climate change are the main factors that threaten the survival of koalas.

Population status

The threat to koalas reached its peak in 1924, when more than 2 million koala skins were exported. Until then, the animal had become extinct in southern Australia and largely disappeared from Victoria and New South Wales. The public began to scream for them, the government also issued a hunting ban and strengthened management, this declining trend was reversed.

Before the British landed in Australia in 1788, the number of Australian koalas exceeded 10 million. However, by 2012, the number of Australian koalas was only about 333,000, including less than 100,000 wild koalas.

On December 14th, 2009, koalas living in Australia were suffering from extinction. Many of them were suffering from "koala AIDS" (KIDS-koala's immune deficiency syndrome). "Koala HIV" is actually a reversal of filtered virus. The virus destroys the koala's immune system, making them unable to withstand various diseases. The virus spreads through blood contact. There are many koalas in the Duisburg Zoo, but none of them are infected, and the virus only spreads between wild koalas. In the past 6 years, the number of koalas in Australia has dropped sharply from 100,000 to 43,000. If effective measures are not taken in time, koalas are in danger of extinction.

On June 27, 2012, an Australian koala broke out with a large-scale chlamydia infection, which could be transmitted to humans through direct contact. Due to the sudden increase in the number of chlamydia infections, the number of koalas in the city has dropped sharply by 45% and in rural areas by 15%.

On November 24, 2019, as forest fires continued to rag in southeastern Australia, the Chairman of the Australian Koala Bear Foundation said that the fires in the past two months destroyed 80% of Koala’s natural habitat, with at least 1,000 koalas. Burying in flames, coupled with a sharp decline in habitat, difficult recovery of burnt forests, and the threat of climate change and disease, the number of koalas in Australia has decreased significantly and is facing functional extinction.

African wild dog

2020-06-19T23:57:00.001+05:00

African wild dog

African wild dog (scientific name: Lycaon pictus ): body length 100 cm, tail length 30-45 cm, weight 17-36 kg. The hair color is messy, including black, yellow and white, etc. The hair color of each individual is different. Forelimbs have no claws. The premolars are large and can grind large bones, similar to hyenas . Living in groups, positioning through calls. Hunting medium-sized hoofed animals by group cooperation, the chase speed can reach 45 kilometers per hour. It can be reproduced throughout the year, mostly in the rainy season. It produces 2-19 cubs per litter, usually 10 cubs. The cubs are usually born in the nests of other animals (such as coyotes ), and are sexually mature in 12-18 months.

It is distributed in grasslands, bushes and sparse woodlands in Africa, mainly found in parts of eastern and southern Africa. Due to the large area of African wild dogs, with the reduction of habitat and the competition of other large carnivores, their number continues to decline and is in an endangered state. There are only 25 populations, about 3,000, and the Royal Zimbabwe State in western Zimbabwe The park is its protected area and is listed in the red directory IUNC Endangered.

Name	African wild dog	Suborder	Cleftfoot
Latin name	Lycaon pictus	Section	Canine
nickname	African Hound , Tricolor Jackal, African Wild Dog	Subfamily	Serval subfamily
boundary	animal world	Genus	African wild dog
door	Notochords	Species	African wild dog
Asia Gate	Vertebrate subphylum	subspecies	5 subspecies
Gang	Mammalia	Name and year	Temminck, 1820
Subclass	True Beast	English name	African Wild Dog
Mesh	Carnivora	English name	Painted Hunting Dog
		English name	Cape Hunting Dog

Morphological characteristics

The adult African wild dog weighs 18-34 kg, has a length of 85–141 cm, and a tail of 30-45 cm. The difference between the sexes is not large, the male is about 3-7% larger than the female. African wild dogs in southern Africa are usually larger than eastern and western bodies. The coat color of African wild dogs is obviously different from other canines. Their coats are peculiar and gorgeous.The markings of each African wild dog are unique like zebras. No two spots are exactly the same, so It can be easily identified by color spots. There are brown, red, black, yellow, and white areas on their bodies, just like a painter's random application of colors. Their fur is short and sparse, and some are even bare. But generally speaking, they have darker head tones and white hair on their tails. The ears are large and round, and usually stand upright on the top of the head. The body is slim, the long legs are muscular, and each foot has four toes. The African wild dog is the only canine animal with no upper paws on its forelimbs .

The African wild dog has a total of 42 teeth (the specific distribution is: (i= 3/3; c=1/1; p=4/4; m=2/3x2), the premolar teeth are relatively larger than other canines, so It can grind a lot of bones, which is very similar to hyena .

Habitat

Mainly living in the dry grasslands and semi-desert areas of Africa, active in grasslands, savanna and open dry bushes, even including some mountainous areas in the southern Sahara desert. African wild dogs have never been active in the jungle.

Lifestyle

Territory

The territories of African wild dogs range in size from 200 to 2000 square kilometers. In the past when there were a lot of them, each community had about 40 members, and the largest community ever recorded had 100 members. Generally, the adult members of each community are about 7-15, ruled by a pair of leaders. There are often fewer females than males in the community. Most females do not leave the colony for life, and about half of males do the same. The social structure and behavior patterns of these animals are very unique. They are good at cooperating, they will take care of sick or injured companions, and even like puppies, healthy members will give ruminants half-digested meat to those who are sick, and the nanny who takes care of children will be treated the same. Generally speaking, the African wild dog group is peaceful, but female leaders sometimes break out of the war with the female dogs under their command to compete for breeding rights.

Hunting

African wild dogs cooperate in hunting. They are led by male leaders and hunt in the territory. Prey that can prey twice their weight include antelopes, wildebeests and zebras. They hunt mainly in the morning and in the middle of the night. If the moonlight is bright, they will even be busy all night. African wild dog hunting depends on sight rather than smell. They will chase after they find their prey. Their maximum speed reaches 55 km/h until their prey is exhausted. African wild dogs hate hyenas the most, often killing individual hyenas.

Communication

African wild dogs communicate with each other in various ways. Just like other members of the canine family, they use smell (smell), sound and posture (body language) to communicate. They have a very strong smell. Presumably, this makes it easy to detect other team members in the distance. Unlike other canines, African wild dogs do not need to mark the site with urine except during the mating season. When the two wild dogs approached and touched each other, they would make a low-pitched cooing sound, and they used roaring to express their anger at the other wild dog. The cub made a high-pitched whine trying to make other group members notice themselves.

Ethnic group

African wild dogs are cooperative hunting animals and live a close group life. Each group has a pair of leading dogs that can breed. They mark the territory with urine. Life expectancy is about 10 years. They are led by male leaders and hunt in the territory. The female leader does not allow other females in the group to breed, and female African wild dogs take turns taking care of newborn puppies. They behave much like puppies, they generally accept it in reverse, and rarely domineering. They will lick their lips, lie on their backs, keep their ears flat and nag instead of making eye contact. If you meet with fangs, erect the tail, or a tail-pointing posture, these have the intention of ambushing other wild dogs. No stalking threats were found within the wild dog's family. It is very rare if there is a physical conflict that causes serious fighting. At this time, if one party tries to grab the other wild dog's throat, the other party will grab the ground and play dead until the other party gives up.

Food

African wild dogs generally feed on medium-sized ungulates , such as antelopes . Similar to other canines, they generally track their prey for long periods of time, and can reach a speed of 45 mph when chasing. African wild dogs in the group are located by barking. After getting their prey, they will take it back to their nest and distribute it to puppies , bitches, and other similarly old and sick. African wild dogs are all excellent hunters. When wild dogs chase their prey, they do not rely on stealth to sneak attack , which is different from most cat members. Group members use pronunciation to help coordinate actions and track. Their voice characteristics are similar to bird sounds. It is an unusual low roar or chirp. After a successful hunting, the full-fledged wild dog will bring the meat back to vomit out to those in the group. Companions guarding or nurturing in the nest eat. These include sick or injured wild dogs and old wild dogs that are too old to keep up with the group.

Distribution range

Distributed in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Possible extinction: Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Nigeria, Togo, Uganda.

Regional extinctions: Burundi, Cameroon, Egypt, Eritrea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Mauritania, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Swaziland.

Reproduction

African wild dogs live a close group life, and each group has a pair of bred dogs that mark their territory with urine. Life expectancy is about 10 years. Female leaders do not allow other females in the group to breed, and they may even take the pups of other female dogs. Female African wild dogs will take turns taking care of newborn puppies. It can reproduce at any time of the year. The peak period is the second half of the rainy season, which is from March to July every year. Pregnancy takes about 10 weeks, and the number of puppies varies from 2-20. The reproductive intermittent period is 12-14 months. If all cubs die, it can be shortened to 6 months. The cubs are usually born in the nests of other animals (such as coyotes ), and the weaning period is 10 weeks. After 3 months, the puppy will start going out. 8-11 months old will be able to prey on its own, 12-18 months to reach sexual maturity.

Subspecies differentiation

Traditional classification

African wild dog (5 subspecies)

Serial No.	Name	Scientific Name	Name and year
1.	African wild dog East African subspecies	Lycaon pictus lupinus	Thomas, 1902
2.	African wild dog West African subspecies	Lycaon pictus manguensis	Matschie, 1915
3.	African wild dog named subspecies	Lycaon pictus pictus	Temminck, 1820
4.	African wild dog Central African subspecies	Lycaon pictus sharicus	Thomas & Wroughton, 1907
5.	African wild dog Somali breed	Lycaon pictus somalicus	Thomas, 1904

Latest classification

　　African wild dogs (2 subgroups)　

Serial No.	Name	Scientific Name
1.	African wild dog North African subgroup	Lycaon pictus (North Africa subpopulation)
2.	African Wild Dog West African Subgroup	Lycaon pictus (West Africa subpopulation)

Population status

Due to the large area of African wild dogs, the number of African wild dogs has been declining and is in an endangered state with the reduction of habitat and competition from other large predators. Mainly distributed in eastern and southern parts of Africa, there are only 25 populations in 39 countries in Africa, about 3,000. An African wild dog sanctuary has been established in Africa, mainly located in the Royal Sun National Park in western Zimbabwe .

Rhinoceros - saveforforest

2020-06-18T23:07:00.004+05:00

Rhinoceros

Rhinoceros is a general term for animals of the rhinoceros family (scientific name: Rhinocerotidae). It is a mammal of the order of the genus Mauritiana, mainly distributed in Africa and Southeast Asia. It is the largest odd-hoofed animal and a large terrestrial animal after the elephant. All rhinos are basically short legs and stout. Fatty and clumsy, body length 2.2-4.5 meters, shoulder height 1.2-2 meters; weight 2800-3000 kg, rough skin, and folds arranged on shoulders and waists; hair coat is scarce and hard, even most of it is hairless; Ears are oval, big and long head, short neck, long lips extended; the head has a solid horn or double horns (some females have no horns), which originates in the dermis, and the horns can still be reborn; no Canine teeth; short tail, yellowish brown, brown, black or gray body.

Existing 4 genus and 5 species of rhinos are endangered except white rhinos. Among them, the number of Javan rhinos is the least, about 50. The black rhinos are only about 10,000 to 30,000. These rhinos living in Asia and Africa are facing the destruction of their native habitats, and the threats of rhino horn buyers in East Asia and hunting tourists in Europe and America

Origin

Rhino has been widely distributed in the world during the tertiary period of the geological era.

Tertiary

Eocene (55-36 million years ago)

The oldest rhinoceros fossils discovered to date are tapir rhinos excavated in the early Eocene strata. The ancestors of this rhinoceros are about the size of modern tapirs. One of the ancestors of rhinoceros, forest rhinos, was widespread in Europe. However, the individual is small and good at running.

Oligocene (approximately 36 million to 25 million years ago)

The ancestors of modern Sumatran rhinos in Asia appeared in the Oligocene.

In addition, in the Oligocene, giant rhinoceros, the most continental mammal in history, appeared. It was strong and tall, with a length of about 8 meters and a height of 5 meters. However, although the giant rhinoceros and rhinoceros belong to the order of the genus Hoofidae, they do not belong to the rhinoceros family.

Miocene (25 million to 12 million years ago)

In the late Miocene, the ancestors of the one-horned rhino appeared. Currently, the only one-horned rhinoceros is the Javan rhinoceros and the Indian rhinoceros, both of which are distributed in Asia. The rhinos that appeared after the Miocene are similar in size to modern rhinos. Among them is the large lip rhinoceros, whose lower lip is slightly larger than the upper lip. Two large teeth in the lower jaw protrude forward. They live in swamps and feed on plants in the water.

Pliocene (5.3 million to 2.59 million years ago)

In the late Pliocene (about 3 million years ago), bi-horned rhinos appeared. Today's two-horned rhinos include Sumatran rhinos, white rhinos, and black rhinos.

Quaternary (2.59 million years ago to today)

Humans have appeared in the Quaternary period. The early rhinos were represented by plate-tooth rhinoceros and woolly rhinoceros.

The plate-shaped rhinoceros is huge, 5 meters long, wearing thick armor, with a large horn on the forehead, about 2 meters long, the teeth have a high crown, a square column shape, and live on grass. It was in North China and Europe in the Pleistocene period. There have been the life of plate-tooth rhinoceros

The woolly rhinoceros and mammoth are similar in shape. The huge body and thick skin with thick hair can resist the cold. There are a pair of giant horns on the long nose. The front branch can be up to 1 meter long. These two rhinos have been extinct at different times.

Existing rhinoceros

Among the progeny of rhinos, only 4 genera and 5 species of the rhino family remain, mainly distributed in Asia and Africa. Among them, rhinos distributed in Asia have been endangered. African rhinos still have ethnic groups because of protection measures. The main reason is that rhino horns are very profitable as medicinal materials. The current African rhino horns are mainly provided by farmers. South African farmers will cut off rhino horns and wait for about a year and a half before harvesting again, and some poachers will kill rhinos directly to take corners. As poaching leads to a reduction in numbers, it is not easy to buy real rhino horns now. Vendors also know that the protein parts of cattle and sheep can be substituted for profit, and even the cat and dog claws of similar ingredients are ground into fakes to change the amount.

Characteristics and habits

The existing rhinoceros is characterized by three short toes on the hoof and wide and blunt toenails at the tip of the toe. Except for the tip of the ear and the margin of the ear, the rhinoceros is almost hairless. Rhino is mostly gray or brown, of which the color of white rhino is lighter. Rhinoceros has poor vision, but has a good sense of smell and hearing. Rhino is one of the most primitive mammals in the world. The body of a rhinoceros is like a big armor, with a maximum length of more than 4 meters and a weight of 6 tons. Rhinoceros is a hoofed animal with three toes on the front and back feet. In general, rhinos are gray or brown, and most rhinos have no hair.

Rhinoceros mostly live in open grassland, savanna, shrubbery or marshland. Among them, Sumatran rhinoceros can only be found in the depths of the forest. They usually feed on small shrubs and herbs. Rhino uses urine and dunghill to distinguish the field.

Rhinoceros mostly live alone, and there is little contact between individuals. Only white rhinos live in groups of about 10. Most of the time, it avoids humans, but male rhinos, or female rhinos who lead small rhinos during the mating season, will be able to attack any target, including humans, with a little stimulation. Among them, the black rhinoceros is a relatively bad tempered rhinoceros, and will actively attack any strange smells or sounds. The black rhinoceros runs very fast, and can reach a speed of 45 km/h even in the thorns. When it does not hit the target, The speed of turning around is also very fast.

Reproduction

During the breeding season, a pair of rhinos may live together for four months. 1 litter per birth. 15-18 months of pregnancy. The baby rhinoceros can stand about half an hour after birth, and breastfeeding after more than an hour. Follow the mother rhinoceros until the next baby rhinoceros is born. The calf is very attached to his/her mother. The female rhinoceros produces a litter every few years, and the life span can reach 50 years.

The female rhinoceros produces a baby rhinoceros every 4-5 years, and the gestation period is 18 months. The baby rhino weighs 1,100 pounds. The rhinoceros is nearly two years pregnant. The baby rhinoceros has to live with its mother for three years before they can live independently, and the rhinoceros can only give birth to one child at a time. Therefore, rhinos can only breed once every 4-5 years.

Kind

White Rhino

There are two types of white rhinoceros: southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) and northern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum cottoni). In 2007, the number of wild populations in Southern Asia was 17,480 (IUCN2008), of which 16,266 were from South Africa, the most abundant subspecies of rhinoceros in the world. However, northern subspecies are extremely endangered, distributed in the upper Uganda and Nile rivers in eastern and central Africa, and have been completely extinct in the wild. There are only three northern white rhinoceros in captivity, only located in the Ol Pejeta Conservancy in Kenya. The only male white rhinoceros, Sudan (rhinoceros), is not only because of its old age. It reproduced and received euthanasia on March 19, 2018 due to bone and muscle degeneration, large wounds on the body and other reasons.

Black Rhino

Black rhinoceros are native to East and Central Africa, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Angola. Although it is called a black rhino, its color is brown and gray. Of the 8 subspecies of black rhinos, 3 subspecies have become extinct. According to 2003 data, the number of black rhinos has rebounded to about 3,610. The main threats of black rhinoceros are poaching and habitat reduction.

Indian Rhino

Indian rhinoceros are distributed throughout the Ganges plains of India and Nepal, but excessive hunting has reduced their numbers. Now-a-days more than 3,000 rhinos live in the wild. In 2014, 2,544 animals were found in Assam, India, an increase of 27% since 2006. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were only about 200 rhinos in Assam. The Indian rhinoceros is the second largest rhinoceros, after the white rhinoceros, and can weigh up to 4000 kg. In 1910, India banned the hunting of all rhinos and established the Indian Rhino Sanctuary.

Javan Rhino

Javan rhinos are the most endangered large mammals in the world. According to estimates in 2002, only about 60 still exist, only distributed in Ujungklong National Park, the westernmost point of Java in Indonesia, and the last wild individual in Vietnam was shot in 2010. Javan rhinos are also the least known rhino species, and their main threat is because hunters poach their horns. The Javan rhinoceros is smaller than the Indian rhinoceros and is close in size to the black rhinoceros. The body length (including its head) can reach 2 to 4 meters (6.6 to 13.1 feet), the height can reach 1.4-1.7 meters (4.6-5.8 feet), and the weight is 900-2300 kg.

Sumatran Rhino

Sumatran rhinos are the smallest surviving rhino species. It is distributed in high altitude areas of Borneo and Sumatra. Due to habitat loss and poaching, the number has fallen, leaving only 200 or fewer. Adult Sumatran rhinos have a shoulder height of about 130 cm, a body length of about 240-315 cm, and a weight of about 600-950 kg. Sumatran rhinos were once widespread in the rainforests and swamps of India, Thailand,Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Malaysia and Indonesia. In China, Su Menxiu was once widely distributed in southern China, especially in Sichuan. Extinct in China in 1916. There are only 6 species in the wild, 4 of which are in Sumatra, the other two are in Borneo and Malay Peninsula, and may be distributed in the dense mountain forests of Myanmar. Even though there are more Sumatran rhinos than Javan rhinos, only one female rhino was captured in the wild in the past 15 years.

Hippopotamus - saveforforest

2020-06-17T23:06:00.002+05:00

Hippopotamus

The hippopotamus is a mammal of the hippocampus family. One of Africa's leading animals. The name means'horse living in the river', but unlike the name, the horse is closer to the pig or the cow, and the rhino is closer to the horse. Some of the closest species are the small and mild pygmy hippopotamus, Madagascar, and the dwarf hippopotamus who lived in the Mediterranean. Colombia is classified as a foreign species.

Habitat

As a representative animal of Africa, it inhabited rivers, lakes, and swamps in sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, [when?] are inhabited only in national parks or in some regions due to poaching and civil war. It lives in swamps and rivers in high-humidity forests. It spends 18 hours a day in the water, and at night comes out of the water to eat grass. The hippopotamus is the next animal among the land animals that follows elephants and rhinos. It has a body length of 3.7 to 4.6m, a shoulder height of 1.5 to 1.8m, a female of 1.5 to 2.7t, and a male of 2.2 to 4.5t. Females are somewhat smaller than males.

Shape

The four legs are cylindrical and short, with four toes. Because of the small amount of hair on the body, only the hairs on the tip of the mouth, the inside of the ears, and the short tail remain. Some canines are large and 1.5m in length. The hippopotamus travels several kilometers, grazing on the riverside at night. The amount of plants a hippopotamus eats per day is about 60 to 80 kg. A full-fledged hippopotamus can run up to 40 km/h, and a young hippopotamus can run at 30 km/h.

Breeding

The hippo's gestation period is 7 months and a half and usually gives birth to one at a time. The baby hippo weighs 25 to 45 kg at birth and can swim immediately upon birth and feeds the mother's milk in the water. After 4-6 months, they begin to eat grass, and females give birth to their first offspring after 2-4 years. Life span is 40-50 years.

Aggressiveness

The hippopotamus is one of the most dangerous animals in African wildlife. It can cut two pieces of crocodiles, so even the crocodiles don't look too close to the hippopotamus, and the hippopotamus also floated into the sea by a river and cut two pieces of sharks. The hippopotamus has a very large mouth and can be wide open to 100-170 cm. Often flaunting a powerful canine with its mouth wide open to fight the enemy. When two hippos fight, they can hurt each other with fangs. This same fight usually continues until either one gives up, dies, or has a broken leg. No animals attack the mature hippopotamus. However, crocodiles, hyenas, and lions sometimes attack young hippos. The hippopotamus runs into the water when it feels threatened. It secretes a pink body fluid called blood sweat from a small hole in the skin.

Relationships with natural enemies and other animals

As mentioned above, they are crazy people who are close to invincibility, but of course there are natural enemies. First, man is the greatest natural enemy.

In most cases, they are immune to lions' attacks, but they do not completely escape from hunting. The lion's hunting method varies considerably from region to region, so it cannot be generalized, but in some regions, the lion herds are habitually hunting hippos. It is mainly aimed at cubs, but sometimes it is said that they have successfully hunted an adult hippopotamus with a fairly large hunting group. In particular, the only weak point of the hippopotamus is the protruding spine, where many lions have been found hunting successfully by focusing on it. The key to hunting is to paralyze the hippocampus of the hippo, aiming at the disc part of the spine. It is an opponent that cannot be handled by lioness alone, but it seems to be worthwhile if strong males join it. However, he is also a very tough opponent, so he doesn't aim well. It is said that elephants and white rhinos, who are often referred to as the three final bosses of the African animal society along with hippos, are slightly more threatened by natural enemies. In the case of elephants and white rhinos, mature individuals are also hunted by lions. Very rare. In fact, the hippopotamus is a super-large animal, but it is far from being a white rhino, not to mention the elephant, which is a cross-wall.

Even if it comes to this, it is a rather unfavorable figure when it comes to land, and being hit by a lion on the ground is an unfavorable fight against the hippopotamus. Nevertheless, the specifications are so strong that they don't die easily. The hippopotamus is very shallow because the skin's epidermal layer is very shallow, and it is easily worn out when the sun is exposed to it for a long time.

Of course, the case mentioned above is a very unusual case, and under normal circumstances, the entire lion's herd fails to hunt even if it comes against one hippopotamus. The case mentioned above is when a large group of lions raid a hippopotamus that has climbed deep in the middle of the night, and even if the adult hippopotamus is an opponent, the probability of success is very low, and without the males there is no adventure possible. Only the female hippo has enough ability to repel large lions as well as lioness on a one-to-one basis, and the adult hippo is an opponent that can be killed if the lion touches it incorrectly. It is an opponent that cannot be defeated even if it is attacked in a crowd, and it is most likely that lions chew on the hippopotamus on the ground and even reach the water. Moreover, hippopotamuses are so wild animals that they often come off aggressively like elephants. In this case, the lions strike the burinaque line even if they only meet with the hippopotamus. It is quite common to see a male lion with a few lioness patrolling the realm encountering an angry hippopotamus... It is also on the ground.

Even a crocodile can't compete with a mature hippopotamus. Because crocodiles tend to rely on the surprise hunting methods that go back and forth between water and land, hippos with similar lifestyles are enemies who have no way to subdue them. Can't win Occasionally, the sounds of the hippopotamus, such as a hippopotamus that cuts a crocodile, appearing on the Internet, are a bit of an exaggeration, but the hippo's powerful jaw and teeth are very dangerous for crocodiles. In addition, hippopotamuses are basically animals that live in herds, so even if a crocodile approaches them inadvertently, it can never be touched because it can be terrified by monsters that are difficult to handle. The adult hippopotamus is the only beast in the African ecosystem that can easily kill male Nile crocodiles that have grown up except African elephants.

In fact, it is basically a Nile crocodile with strong aggression, but it is strangely generous to a hippopotamus, and this applies to young children as well. Indeed, young individuals approach the adult crocodile without fear and bite the crocodile boldly. The same applies to adult hippopotamuses, but mature male hippos don't consider crocodiles as a threat, so they do nothing in places where large crocodiles are full, but rather, crocodiles leave their seats, and to crocodiles who hunt other animals quietly. He approached them and bullied them (...) or bite and tortures the crocodile who had passed by, and the crocodiles avoided their seats without thinking about it. Even the hippopotamus crocodiles that are harassed like this are not young or adult, but giant adults.

Of course, hippopotamuses are not always immune from crocodile attacks, but in the case of pups, they are not afraid to retaliate for the revenge of the crocodiles' mothers. In addition, although rare cases, there have been reported cases of predation by large Nile crocodiles in the case of newly independent females or small females. Even a mature male hippo may be vulnerable to a crocodile attack, after losing in a battle between male hippos in the mating season. At this time, because the hippos fight with the momentum of dying, the defeated individuals are greatly deteriorated due to severe injuries. At this time, they also have a terrible end to be eaten alive by the crocodile swarm that gathered with the smell of blood. In other words, the crocodiles are scared of the adult hippopotamus, and do not touch them.

Predators of smaller sizes, such as leopards, spotted hyenas, and Rikaons, occasionally collide, but if they are alone, the adult is not threatened.

However, the reason why the hippopotamus, which has few natural enemies, is maintained is because young hippopotamuses are all killed when the head changes within the herd. Also, it should be considered that the mother hippopotamus loses its pups when it is young, and loses its pups when it runs stronger than the males. In fact, a mother hippopotamus has more than 15 pups in its lifetime, but usually at most two, three are saved, and the rest are killed by other hippos. In addition, sometimes the mother hippopotamus throws off its young, and in this case, the young hippopotamus mostly feeds alligators.

Writing like this is a complete animal, but loses to the strongest creature on the planet, the elephant. # It's not just about losing, but when an elephant kicks, it rolls around. Both are aggressive animals, but the hippopotamus takes over. It runs on Moses' miracles and powers, and the hippo's large weapon, the tooth, has no choice but to stand on the elephant's ivory. In terms of weight differences, the elephants are on average 3 to 4 times larger than the hippopotamus. Unlike the fight against the undisputed elephant, the fight against the rhino is somewhat rice cake. The winner will vary depending on the species of rhinoceros and the place they are facing. In the case of a black rhino, the hippopotamus has a larger weight, but the white rhino is usually larger than the hippopotamus, and the males boast a size comparable to that of a round-eared elephant or a small female African elephant.

Endangered animals

The hippopotamus was already poached from the mid-19th century, and many had been poached.

In the 1850s, hippopotamuses disappeared downstream of the Nile. The hippopotamus is currently endangered, and in the 1930s, more than 2000 hippos per year were killed in poaching. Although it has decreased a lot compared to the past, poaching of hippos continues to this day. Civil war other than poaching is also a major cause.

The hippo's fangs are very valuable and expensive, and the food crisis has also hunted for hippo meat. In addition, there have been many incidents of mass destruction of hippopotamuses around the farm that interfere with farming to increase farmland.

At present, it is very difficult to see hippos in other areas except national parks and some tourist spots (national parks and tourists, but hippopotamus population is significantly reduced compared to the past).

Wild boar

2020-06-17T01:01:00.003+05:00

Wild boar

Wild boar (scientific name: Sus scrofa), also known as boar, is a pig. They are widely distributed in the world, adapt to a variety of habitats, and are omnivorous.

The domestic pig, one of the main sources of meat food today, was also domesticated by wild boars 8000 years ago. It is a subspecies of wild boars. Not only are wild boars very different from domestic pigs in appearance, they also grow much slower than domestic pigs and weigh less.

Form

The wild boar has a stout body, a large head, and short limbs. The coat color is dark brown or black, and the old back will grow white hair, but there are also regional differences. In the Central Asia, white wild boars have appeared. The coat color of the young pigs is light brown with black stripes. There is a long, hard mane on the back. The hair is thick and thin, and the hair will grow denser in winter. The average body length is 1.5-2 meters (not including the tail length), and the shoulder height is about 90 cm. The weight is 90-200 kg, and the sizes produced in different regions are also different. In some areas, the weight of wild boars can reach more than 200 kg, and the weight of wild boars in northeast China and the Russian Far East even reaches nearly 400 kg. Male wild boars have two pairs of growing canine teeth, which can be used as weapons or digging tools. The average length of canine teeth is 6 cm, of which 3 cm is exposed outside the mouth. force.

Habits

There are generally 20 wild boars and more than 50 once. The general wild boar herd has 2-3 sows and a group of young pigs, and boars will only join the herd during the estrus period. Sows are usually produced in remote corners, with 8-12 young pigs per litter.

They have a wide range of food sources, including grass, fruits, nuts, roots, insects, bird eggs, rats, carrion, and even eat hares and deer cubs.

Wild boars dig holes to live, and are the only ungulates that dig holes.

Wild boars are rough and aggressive. When threatened, boars use fangs to protect themselves, and sows without fangs will bite each other.

Distribution

According to archaeological research, swine animals have appeared in Europe today since about 40 million years ago, and by about 15 million years ago, swine animals have been widely distributed in Asia, Europe and Africa. Wild boars have been widespread in Eurasia and North Africa, Spain and Morocco in the west, Japan in the east, Northern Europe and Siberia in the north, and Indonesia, India and Sudan in the south. The habitat of wild boars spans temperate and tropical regions, ranging from semi-arid climates to tropical rainforests, temperate woodlands, grasslands, etc., and often breaks into agricultural land for food, but it is not in extremely arid, extremely high, and extremely cold Infested areas. In addition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Gobi Desert, they are widely distributed in China.

In recent centuries, the field of wild boar activity has been greatly reduced by human hunting. They may have disappeared in the UK in the 13th century; Northern England confirmed in 1610 that no wild boars were alive. King James I of England tried to reintroduce wild boars to some national parks, but failed due to poaching. Since 1700, there have been no more wild boars in Britain.

The last wild boar in Denmark was shot in the early 19th century; it completely disappeared in Germany, Austria, Italy, Tunisia and Sudan in the 1900s. They have disappeared in most parts of Russia, especially west of the Altai Mountains. However, there are still many wild boars in France, and there are signs of growth.

After 1950s, wild boars in Europe and Central Asia began to pick up: in 1960, wild boars were found in the suburbs of St. Petersburg and Moscow; they appeared again in Denmark and Sweden in 1970, and they may have escaped from the zoo; During the nuclear accident, the evacuation zone around the power plant gradually became the living space of wild boars; in 1990, wild boars migrated to northern Italy. In addition, a large number of wild boars have also escaped from their cages in the UK, growing in the wild, and the number is rising.

In Hong Kong, due to sufficient food and water, and few people hunting, wild boars have grown rapidly, and even often enter the environment of human life.

Subspecies

There are 21 subspecies of wild boar, six of which are distributed in Europe:

European wild boars (S. s. scrofa) are distributed from France to western Russia.
Spanish wild boar (S. s. baeticus), distributed in Spain and Portugal.
Castilean boar (S. s. castilianus), distributed in northern Spain.
Sardine boar (S. s. meridionalis), distributed in Sardinia.
Italian wild boar (S. s. majori), distributed in central and southern Italy.
Caucasus wild boar (S. s. attila), distributed in southeastern Europe, Turkey, Iran.
North African wild boar (S. s. algira), distributed in northern Africa.
Middle East wild boar (S. s. lybica), distributed in the Middle East.
Sudan wild boar (S. s. sennaarensis), distributed in Egypt and Sudan, has become extinct.
Caspian wild boar (S. s. nigripes), distributed in central Asia.
Ussuricus (S. s. ussuricus), distributed in Northeast China, North Korea, and Far East Russia, is the largest wild boar subspecies.
Taiwan wild boar (S. s. taivanus), distributed in Taiwan.
Japanese wild boar (S. s. leucomystax), distributed in Japan.
Ryukyu wild boar (S. s. riukiuanus), distributed in the Ryukyu Islands in Japan.
South China wild boar (S. s. moupinensis), distributed in South China and North China.
Siberian wild boar (S. s. sibiricus), northern Asia.
Indian wild boar (S. s. cristatus), distributed in the Indian subcontinent.
Southern Indian wild boar (S. s. affinis), southern India and Sri Lanka.
Himalayan wild boar (S. s. davidi), south slope of Himalayan.
Indonesian wild boar (S. s. vittatus), distributed in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Domestic pigs (S. s. domestica), domesticated by humans, are distributed all over the world.

Domestication of wild pigs

Domestic pigs can live in the wild, that is, wild pigs. Wild pigs often grow into the appearance of wild boars, so it is difficult to distinguish them from natural or imported real wild boars. The characteristics of wild pigs, lost domestic pigs, or wild boars vary according to their location and encounter. For example, in New Zealand, wild pigs are actually a gift from James Cook to Maori in the 1770s

Another difference between domestic pigs and wild pigs is their fur. Wild pigs have thick fur with brown to black mane. Their backs will also protrude, so there is a wild pig called the pointed-back semi-wild pig in the southern United States. Their tails are also very long and straight, and their feet, head and kiss are longer than domestic pigs.

In the early 20th century, wild boars were introduced to the United States as prey, but they were mixed with domestic pigs. In South America, New Guinea, New Zealand, Australia and other islands, wild boars are introduced and mixed with domestic pigs. In June 2004, someone shot a very large wild boar in Georgia, USA. It was initially considered a hoax, but after a National Geographic survey and DNA testing by scientists, it was confirmed that the giant pig is a hybrid of wild boar and domestic pig.

In the early 20th century, wild boars were brought to Uruguay as prey, brought to Brazil in 1990, and quickly became an invasive species. In 2005, Rio Grande do Sul allowed licensed hunting of wild pigs and their mixed breeds, plus wild pigs that escaped or released from pig farms in Africa also contributed to the number of hunts available, so in Santa Catarina Na and Sao Paulo are also allowed to hunt wild pigs. Wild pigs in South America have also reduced the situation in which jaguars prey on collared and white-lipped scorpions.

According to US estimates, in 2008 alone, 4 million wild pigs caused damage to people's production and livelihood, and property losses amounted to US$800 million.

The Insect Species Expert Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission is listed as one of the world’s top 100 invasive alien species.

Natural enemies

Wild boars are the prey of tigers. Tigers track wild boars and attack them one by one. This method completely destroyed the entire wild boar. Tigers also hunt wild boars, but they rarely deal with males in this way, although wild boars kill tigers for self-defense.

Wolves also eat wild boars, especially in Italy, the Iberian Peninsula, and Russia. Wolves rarely attack wild boars face to face, and often attack their perineum, causing them to lose their balance and bleed heavily. In some areas of the Soviet Union in the past, a single pack of wolves could kill 50-80 wild boars per year. In some areas of Italy, wild boars were hunted by wolves, causing wild boars to develop a more aggressive behavior against wolves and domestic dogs.

The striped hyena sometimes hunts wild boar, but it seems to be limited to the three larger subspecies of northwest Africa, the Middle East and India.

Trade use

Wild boar hair was used to make toothbrushes when synthetic materials were not invented before the 1930s. The mane comes mostly from the neck. These toothbrushes are popular because of their soft hair, but they are not the best materials for cleaning the oral cavity, because the bristles are difficult to dry and easy to hide bacteria. Today's toothbrushes are all made of glue.

Wild boar hair can also be used to make combs, because the hair quality is gentler to the hair, but it is more expensive than general combs.

The paint brush can also be made with wild boar hair. The bristle bristles are hard enough to spread the paint, and the bristles are naturally split, so that more paint can be applied.

Wild boars are farmed in many countries. For example, they are sold in butcher shops and restaurants in China and France. Some studies believe that wild boar is related to hepatitis E infection.

Culture

Myths and religion

There are two well-known wild boars in Greek mythology, the wild boars of Mount Erumantos killed by Hercules and the Caludong wild boars hunted by the heroes at the Caludong hunting place. The Greek god of war Ares could turn himself into a wild boar, so as not to have his son look too handsome and snatch his wife, he stabbed to death.

In the Celtic mythology, the wild boar is a sacrifice dedicated to the goddess and appears in many stories of Celtic and Irish mythology.

The gods Frei and Freya of the Nordic mythology have wild boars. Frey's wild boar is named Gulin Bosde and was made by the dwarf Sindri. Grimboss's mane glows in the dark, illuminating the way forward. Freya has a wild boar mount. According to "Sindra's Song", Freya turned him into a wild boar in order to hide Ott. Wild boar actually means "fertile" in Nordic mythology.

During the Sassanid dynasty in Persia, wild boars were considered brave and courageous. Some brave and courageous people will add the word "balez" to their names, meaning wild boar. The Sassanid dynasty once occupied Egypt and Levante's famous Shah Balez, whose name is "wild boar in the city". Kazakh Khan Middle School Jade-Naman Baturu called Kabambayi, wild boar.

In Indian mythology, the raft Roh, the third incarnation of Vishnu, is a wild boar. Moritzian mounts are also wild boars.

The wild boar (or pig) is one of the Chinese zodiac signs, and the Japanese zodiac does not include domestic pigs

Coat of arms and symbols

Wild boars often appear in Western coats of arms. The complete wild boar represents the guts and bravery of the war; the wild boar head represents kindness and hospitality (just like serving the wild boar head in the feast), or the symbol of a hunter.

The following are the historical characters using wild boar as their coat of arms:

King Richard III; and
Campbell family in the Scottish Highlands.

The following are cities or team organizations that use wild boar as their coat of arms:

The First Italian Army (Legio I Italica), the Tenth Strait Army (Legio X Fretensis) and the Legio XX Valeria Victrix of the Roman Empire;
Eberbach in Germany;
Ebersbach an der Fils in Germany;
Ebersbach in Germany;
The rebellious forces of Serbia’s first uprising in 1904;
Ardennes Forest, Belgium; and
Camsby, United Kingdom

Other wild boar

Dalin pig
Red River Pig
Deer pig
Warthog

[Animal] Isn't it a polar bear, but a bear with white hair?

2020-06-16T00:54:00.002+05:00

[Animal] Isn't it a polar bear, but a bear with white hair?

After posting about white lions and white tigers, I keep getting interested in white animals.

This time, we will look at white bears and Kermod bears.

In British Columbia, Canada, there are white bears that are not polar bears.

It's a guy named Kermod Bear. This is a species of American black bear, but an unusual white-haired bear.

Therefore, it is said that the bear is completely different from the polar bear.

Because of the white fur color, the name was also called'soul bear' or'ghost bear'.

Like the white lion or the white tiger, it was not white by Albino,

It is a bear in which homologous chromosomes express a white gene that is enthusiastic.

It is said to be the probability that about one out of every 10 American black bears will be born.

Since ancient times, Indian ravens from heaven made the present green earth,

Don't forget that there was an ice age when people were covered in snow and ice

It was believed that the hair color of the bear was white.

Currently, it is most prominent on Prince Royal Island and Gribel Island, west of British Columbia, Canada.

It is geographically isolated from the island, so it is isolated from other black bears

It is said that as the recessive genes continue to be passed down, there are many white objects.

It is said that the population is about 1,300.

Normally, white color is very unfavorable in the survival competition of animals.

Because the white color itself is a recessive gene, the probability of being born is very low, and if it is a predator, it is very noticeable.

This is because hunting is unsuccessful and, on the contrary, herbivores are less likely to survive because they are too prey to predators.

It is for this reason that white animals are rare, except for those in snowy areas.

However, in the case of the Kermod bear, it is said that the white hair color is advantageous in the survival competition.

Because stock salmon are less threatened with white than with black objects on the water

It is said that when a big black bear hunts, it does not run better than when a normal black bear goes hunting.

Meanwhile, the name Kermod comes from the name of Canadian scholar Francis Kermod, who studied the bear.

He is said to be so gentle that he will not attack a person if the little bear is in danger or if he is not hungry to die.

Beautiful Deer - saveforforest

2020-06-14T16:35:00.001+05:00

Deer

Deer is a generic term for the deer family (Cervidae), and forms part of the mammalian river heading/case heading. In addition to animals commonly called deer, deer family includes deer, reindeer, and Buddha. On the Korean Peninsula, four species of Baekdu Mountain Deer (Wapati Deer, Manchu subspecies), Continental Deer (Flower Deer, Japanese Deer), Roe deer, and Elk.

Body

The size of the body varies from small species with a body length of about 30 cm and a shoulder height of about 20 cm to large species with a body length of 3.1 m and a shoulder height of 2.35 m (red deer body 250 cm, shoulder 150 cm, weight 250 kg). The legs are long and thin, and the steps are fast and the stride is wide, so it runs well. The feet consist of two middle toes, covered with a cover. There are also two other degenerated toes that are located above the hoof and are not used at all. The deer has a narrower head and a smaller nose and mouth than a cow. The lips can move easily, so they bite the prey. Deer mostly have the front teeth only on the bottom, and a thick plate with rough skin on the top to replace the front teeth. When tearing leaves or branches, the lower teeth press against this thick plate. The upper and lower molars are sharply split at the end, which is good for chewing food.

The vision is slightly lower, but the auditory and olfactory senses are sensitive to the danger. The ears stand tall and straight, so you can hear the sound coming from any direction, and you can figure out the direction in which it sounds. The deer always faces the windy side when eating or resting, in order to hear and smell the predators carried by the wind. The horns of a male with many branches are one of the great characteristics of deer, and are very different from those of cows. The deer's horns fall off from the base's horn every April to May each year, and a new diagonal emerges there. The diagonal is wrapped in velvety, short-haired skin, and numerous blood vessels are distributed inside. When the horns have developed and keratinization is complete, rub it on a tree or the like to peel off the skin. It seems to be related to the size of the horns and the development of tusks. Elk with magnificent tusks do not have horns, and some species have short horns. However, some species distributed in South America have small horns, but some have poor development of tusks.

Life

Habitats vary in forest, wetland, grassland, and tundra, and eat soft grass, bark, small branches, and young shoots. The food is swallowed without chewing enough. The deer's stomach is made up of four parts, one of which is capable of storing food, so that large amounts of food can be quickly eaten. Then, after moving to a safe place, take the stored food as a ball, chew it again, swallow the food and send it to another room above. The deer avoids predators with its sensitive senses, prior knowledge of its behavior, and quick action. Healthy deer are faster than natural enemies such as bears, tigers, leopards, lynx, Canadian lynx, puma, jaguar, Asian lions, European lions, wolves, and monks. Also, unless surprised, the deer stands still and waits for the predator to pass. The deer seeks food only at dawn and around the twilight around the forest, where its appearance is less visible. Most of them live in groups, feed in the morning and evening, and rest in the daytime with a good view. When danger comes, the white hair of the butt is erected to signal other males to warn them. During the breeding season, the males fight against each other with horns, and the male who wins the battle forms a harem with dozens of females. Depending on the species, a gestation period of 6-9 months gives birth to one or two offspring at a time. Females shelter away from other deer herds to give birth. The fawn hides there until it can walk and follow its mother. The offspring become independent after living with their mother for one year of life. It is mainly distributed in North America, South America, Asia, and Europe.

Use

From ancient times, people caught deer, ate meat, and dressed in fur. However, in the late 1980s, more than 20 species of deer became endangered. This is true of Asian deer, including the Colombian white-tailed deer, the key deer, the swamp deer, and the Korean deer. Therefore, deer hunting was banned in many countries, and no hunting zones were established. However, many areas where deer live are being developed as farmland or homes. Today, destroying deer's natural habitat is a major threat to deer populations. Venison is light and light, and it has been used habitually for food since it does not smell much. Meat tastes the best from autumn to early winter, and is usually eaten with bulgogi, roast beef, and hotpot. The deer's horns, especially the diagonals, are called antlers, and they are used as a tonic in oriental medicine because they help blood and strengthen the heart.

Symbol

The stag's horn that periodically falls and rises again is like a "tree of life." It is a universal symbol for rebirth, longevity, sexual desire, light and sun, etc., reflecting the laws of nature. From Scythian legends, Greek mythology and Roman mythology, stag is a powerful symbol in many cultural myths.

Subcategory

The deer family consists of about 150 species. This list includes Ludt, Schroeder, Rottmann and Kuehn (2004); Hernandez-Fernandez and Vrba (2005); Groves (2006); Randi, Mucci, Claro-Hergueta, Bonnet and Douzery (2001); Pitraa, Fickela, Meijaard, Groves (2004);Ruiz-Garcia, M., Randi, E., Martinez-Aguero, M. and Alvarez D. (2007); Duarte, J.M.B., Gonzalez, S. and Maldonado, J.E. (2008). The deer family (Cervidae) is divided into:

Deer subfamily (Capreolinae)
Malco Palm Deer (Alceini)
Malco Palm Deer (Alces)
Nour (Capreolini)
Capreolus (Capreolus)
Elk (Hydropotes)
White-tailed deer (Odocoileini)
Reindeer (Rangifer)
Fu dusok (Pudu)
Pampas deer (Ozotoceros)
Andean deer (Hippocamelus)
Swamp Deer (Blastocerus)
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus)
Mazama
Deer subfamily (Cervinae)
Moon landing (Muntiacini)
Seam Head Deer (Elaphodus)
Doors chaksok (Muntiacus)
Deer (Cervini)
In Singapore at (Rucervus)
Axis deer (Axis)
In fallow deer (Dama)
Independence (Elaphurus)
Elder Deer (Panolia)
Deer genus (Cervus)

System classification

The following is a classification based on research by Hassanin et al., 2012.

Wild Bear - saveforforest

2020-06-14T00:34:00.000+05:00

Bear

Bears are mammals belonging to the carnivores bear family. Young individuals are called proficient. Short tail, olfactory and auditory development, five toes. It is covered with long, dense hairs and has a strong body and strong limbs.

Although bears belong to carnivores, most of them are herbivorous, mostly herbivorous, with the exception of polar bears. In the case of the Great Panda, it is often referred to as herbivorous because it eats only bamboo. However, because the gut structure is similar to other predators, it does not digest vegetable substances properly like herbivores. That's why bears eat only intensively at certain times, and they eat a lot at once. Eight types of bears are currently alive.

Subcategory

·         Panda subfamily or giant panda subfamily (Ailuropodinae)
·         Pandara (Ailuropoda)
·         Great panda or giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)
·         Spectacular Bear Department (Tremarctinae)
·         Tremarctos
·         Spectacled Bear (Tremarctos ornatus)
·         † Tremarctos floridanus
·         † Arctodus
·         † Arctodus simus
·         † Arctodus pristinus
·         Ursinae
·         Melursus
·         Sloth bear (Melursus ursinus)
·         Malayan Bear (Helarctos)
·         Malayan bear (Helarctos malayanus)
·         Ursus (Ursus)
·         Ursus thibetanus (Ursus thibetanus)
·         Polar bear (Ursus maritimus)
·         Ursus arctos-brown bear
·         American black bear (Ursus americanus)
·         † Ursus minimus
·         † Ursus etruscus
·         † Ursus spelaeus
·         † Ursus crowtheri

The body of a bear

The size of the bear varies depending on the type, but the smallest species of male bears have a body length of 1.1-1.4m and the largest species of bear bears have a size of 1.9-2.8m. The tail is traced and very short, so it is invisible to the hair. The body is strong, the legs are short, the front and back feet are wide, and the soles are attached to the ground and walk like a person. The bear looks slow due to its large paws, short legs, and heel-walking behavior, but it can also be agile and fast. For example, a polar bear can run at about 50 km/h. Both front and back feet have five toes and strong claw claws, which are suitable for digging holes. The nose is long and the eyes are small and hard to see. The small, rounded ears stand straight, but barely audible. Instead, the sense of smell is sensitive. The jaw is well developed, the canine is relatively large, and the molars are short and flat, convenient for chewing food. The hair is long and rough, and the colors are brown, black, and yellowish white. There are many white belts on the neck or fore chest.

Bear's life

Breeding

They live alone except for the breeding season, and hide in caves and rock shades during the day and work late in the evening or in the afternoon. Mainly living alone, during the summer breeding season, a female and a male stay together for about a month. After that, the male leaves and the female makes a place for the baby. Cubs are usually born while the mother is hibernating, usually giving birth to two at a time. The pups are so small that they weigh only 0.25-0.5kg at birth, their eyes are closed and there is no hair. After 1 month, open your eyes and cover your body with dense hairs. Cubs spend two months in their mothers and oysters, and in spring they crawl out and play. It grows very quickly and in the fall it weighs 18kg. The cub spends 1-2 years with the mother, during which time the mother teaches the cub how to hunt.

Hunt

Bears are omnivorous, eating everything from vegetable matter, insects, fish, and honey, and are good at riding trees. In search of prey, they often go far, with an individual hunting ground of about 25-30 km2. Polar bears are also good swimmers, living on icebergs drifting more than 300 km off shore. The bear tries to avoid a collision with a beast of moderate character, and runs away when it is dangerous. Despite its large body, its movement is agile, and its power with its paws is powerful enough to kill even large animals such as cows and deer.(The body weight of a bear's adult is very different depending on the species. It weighs more than that.) Long, thick claws are also dangerous weapons.

Winter

It is not a complete hibernation in cold regions, but winters in tree caves. It eats a lot of food in late summer and stores it as fat in the body to prepare energy for hibernation. Brown bears and black bears that live in harsh winter climates sleep all winter, but species that live in relatively warm winters live in caves only for a short time. Also, species living in the tropics do not hibernate. Polar bears live in the cold North Pole, but they still function normally in winter, and prey on seals and seals that come to the shore as they roam the icy ice of the Arctic. Life span is 15-30 years.

Bear and man

Bear's gallbladder is called ungdam, and is used as an analgesic when stomach cramps occur. Meat is edible but tasteless. Fur is used as a cushion. In addition, oil is used as medicines such as frostbite and wounds. In Korea, the meat and bones of a half-breasted tit bear are said to have special medicinal effects, so they hunt a lot and are now in danger of extinction.

Korean Bear

·         The bones of a bear were excavated in the Cheongwon Durubong Cave, which was a human settlement in the Paleolithic period.
·         In Dangun mythology, there is a story of Woongnyun who became a human after eating wormwood and garlic.
·         There are many areas where the name'bear' is entered.
·         There is a nursery rhyme called three bears.
·         Korea's baseball team has Doosan Bears (KBO League).
·         The symbol of Dankook University is the black bear.

Japanese bear

· Kyushu
· Among Japanese surnames, there are also surnames that contain 'characters.

American bear

· Chicago Bears (National Football League) to the American football team,
· The state flag of California bears.

Other

· Berlin
· The city, the capital of Germany, in German means bear/baby bear,

Human culture and bear

In human culture, familiar bears in fairy tales such as teddy bears and teddy bears represented by teddy bears appear. Ursa Major constellation Ursa Major

Emperor Tamarin - saveforforest

2020-06-12T17:12:00.002+05:00

Emperor Tamarin

Emperor Tamarin (scientific name: Saguinus imperator) is a kind of tamarin. The coat color is gray or dark brown, but both males and females have characteristic long white whiskers on their mouths.

The beard looks like the former German Emperor Wilhelm II, but the beard has a length of nearly 10 cm, which exceeds the shoulder width when seen from the front.

The tail is also longer than the length of the body, and all of them are claws except that the big toe has flat claws.

Usually, they live in a group of about 2 to 8 animals, but when there are many, a group of about 15 animals can be seen.

Active in the daytime and living mostly on the tree, you can also use the sharp claws to move the tree vertically.

Classification

English name	Emperor Tamarin
Scientific name	Saguinus imperator Goeldi, 1907
World	The animal kingdom Animalia
Gate	Chordates Chordata
Amon	Vertebrates Amon Vertebrates
Rope	Mammalia Mammal
Eye	Primate Primates
Family	Capuchin Cabidae
Subfamily	Marmoset subfamily Callitrichinae
Genus	Tamarin Saguinus
Seed	Emperor Tamarin S. imperator

Distribution

Tropical forests and secondary forests in southeastern Peru, southwestern Bolivia and southwestern Brazil.

Conservation status

At the moment there is no danger of extinction, but there is concern that it will decrease because the distribution area is small.

Ecology

Body length is about 23-26 cm and tail length is about 35-42 cm. The weight is about 400-500 grams.

Food includes fruits, sap, and insects, but sometimes eats eggs of birds.

The range of action is thought to be 0.3 to 0.4 square kilometers, and when the range of action overlaps with other tamarins, it is claimed by crying.

Reproduction

Monogamy is normal, but dominant females can also be crossed with multiple males.

The gestation period is about 140 to 150 days, and the baby is born mainly in the rainy season when there is much food. 1-2 babies, rarely 3 babies.

Ecology of childhood

The baby weighs about 35 grams and is breast-fed for 2-3 months. Acting on the parents' backs for 6 to 7 weeks after birth. Both males and females mature within 16 to 20 months.

Life span

Natural enemies are large snakes and birds of prey. The life span is about 10 years, but there are also cases where they live for 17 to 20 years under captivity.

Subspecies

In addition, the following two subspecies have been confirmed for Emperor Tamarin.

Black-chinned emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator imperator)

The coat color is dark brown throughout, with chest and abdomen appearing to be a mixture of orange and white fur.

Bearded emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator subgrisescens)

The whole is gray or dark gray, the tail is orange, and the chin has white hair. In addition, although it is said that there is no danger of extinction at the present time, due to the limited distribution area of Emperor Tamarin, there is concern that the habitat will be reduced due to development.

Although the genus Tamarin including the emperor tamarin is classified into the capuchin family, it was previously treated as an independent lemur family (marmoset family) along with acatamarin.

Even now, there is much support for it, and it is sometimes classified as a lemur family.