C R E A T I V I T Y

A Matter of Love Beyond The Fence : " Lovely Coincidence..!! "

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Sat, 14 Feb 2015 15:26:00 +0530

When i was on a trip to Rapar, Kutch - Gujarat, I have visited an Army Camp. There we had overnight discussion about the " Lovely Coincidence " along with so many other incidences they have faced.

There was a young boy in a camp near Asian Berlin Wall at Jammu (LOC : Line of Control). He was tall, thin but had a great smile. Everyday, a young girl came by on the other side of the fence. She noticed the boy and asked him if he spoke polish, and he said yes. She said he would look hungry, and he said yes, he was. She then reached in her pocket and gave him her apple. He thanked her and she went on her way.

The next day, she came by again, bringing with another apple which she gave him. Each day, she walked by outside of the fence, hoping to see him, and when she did, she happily handed him an apple in exchange of conversation.

One day, he told her not to come by anymore. He told he was being shifted to another camp. As he walked away with tears streaming down his face, He wondered if he would ever see her again. She was the only kind soul he would seen across the fence.

He made it out of the camp, and shifted to another camp in Kutch, Gujarat . Later on someday, his friend fixed him up on a blind date. he had no idea who the woman was. He picked her up, and during dinner began talking of his previous camp at Jammu twelve years ago. She said she has left the Asian Berlin Wall a decade ago. She said she used to talk to a boy and gave him apples daily. He asked if the boy was tall, skinny and if he had told her that she should not come back because he was leaving. She noodled her head and replied yes.

It was her, the young girl who came by everyday to give him apples. After 12 years, they had met again. What are the odds ? He proposed to her on that very night and told her that he would never again let her go. They are still happily married today.

It reminds me the lyrics written by Javed Akhtar,

" Panchhi, Nadiya, Pavan Ke Jhonke . . . .

Koi Sarhad Na Inhe Roke . . . "

Great Artworks of Picasso in Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Fri, 6 Feb 2015 16:44:00 +0530

L & P Hutheesing Visual Art Gallery, organized a Painting Exhibition at their premise in CEPT University campus. There were numbers of paintings from very renowned artists but we could understand only two paintings of Pablo Picasso.

Girl Before A Mirror was painted by Pablo Picasso in March 1932. It was produced in the style Picasso was using at the time and evoked an image of vanity such as, had been utilized in art in earlier eras, though the emphasis has been shifted and very different view of image had been emerged. The work is considered in terms of erotic in art, and critics indifferent periods have offered their different assessments of the work to show a wide range of reactions.

This painting was painted during the artist's cubism period. Picasso was an artist that was very bold with his artwork. Even with the background that are normally placed to be a backdrop and mainly they are to assist the main subject. He includes it within the painting to make it just as intense as the main focal point of the image.

Picasso was a part of movement that would become known as modernism, a name which included a number of different artistic styles and aesthetic responses. Modernism is a term applied retroactively to certain literary and artistic trends at the beginning of the twentieth century. Modernism rejected traditions that existed in the nineteenth century and sought to stretch the boundaries.

Another art work piece is Guernica, created in 1937. The influence of this young love and muse has recharged him, and he became the legend in his own lifetime. This painting has a sense of harlequinade, as strong bright bands of colors are arranged so that the dress appears like a costume. The painting may also resemble a queen court card from a deck of playing cards, whose imagery is often designed with stripes and banding creatively reserved on the same plane. These bands are superbly controlled by the black or white striations to create wonderful series of energetic patterns across the contours of body.

This painting shows the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon the individuals, particularly innocent civilians. This work has gained a monumental status, becoming a perpetual reminder of the tragedies of war, an anti war symbol, and an embodiment of peace. On completion Guernica was displayed around the world in a brief tour, becoming famous and widely acclaimed. This tour helped bring the Spanish civil war to the world's attention.

" Expanding Horizons " - Plast India 2015, Largest Single Business Opportunity

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Mon, 2 Feb 2015 15:02:00 +0530

The Biggest Business Opportunity of 2015 Opens its Doors

Plast India Foundation, the governing body for plastic industries in India and the federation of the most significant plastic industry bodies from the Indian sub continent has formally announced the edition of the "Plast India Exhibition " in February 2015 with the unique tag line " Expanding Horizons ".

Held every three years, Plast India exhibitions have acquired the stature of a huge global platform .They are arguably the most significant plastics related events that showcases the opportunities of the same in the developing nations and therefore the future of plastics. This massive exhibition showcases the latest technology, innovations, processes, products, responsibilities, responsible plastic management, recycling and a whole host of related aspects of plastic and plastic industry.

This will be a biggest one till date and is expected to consolidate its position as one of the largest pure plastic exhibition on the global plastic industry's scene. It has been expected to bring together about 1,50,000 business visitors and 2000 - 2500 top class exhibitors from across 40 nations at a showcase across 1,25,00 Sq. Mtrs. It will be truly be a staggering platform and opportunity for Indian plastic industry. Not just the main exhibition itself, but also there will be a stunning bouquet of associated offerings that makes the exhibition a must not miss event for global plastic industries.

Plast India will also host the 4th proplast exhibition, which in terms shows off the enhancing global standard capabilities of India's plastic industries processing fraternity and is a magnet for all chains. Also being held concurrently would be the 9th international conference on plastic industry, the 24th ASEAN plastic forum, the 6th Plastic Awards, the Wiintech Technology transfer initiative as well as numerous business to business (B2B) meets on the investments, finance, knowledge sharing, joint ventures etc.

India - Poised to become the next global hub for Plastic Industry

Baked by a huge workforce of economical yet skilled manpower, a high emphasis on quality as well as value for money, and a favorable regulatory environment, India's plastic industry and processing industry sector is surging. The industry has surplus processing capabilities to cater to the more businesses, and is constantly upgrading on the technology and automation front to keep the pace with the developed nations. The intent is simple - to become one of the world's preferred processing hubs over the next decade. India os welcoming, ready and waiting.

Come and join Plast India 2015, Gandhinagar, Gujarat (India), 5 - 10th February 2015

Introduction of Power Electronics

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Fri, 2 Mar 2012 19:36:00 +0530

This lesson provides the reader the following:

Create an awareness of the general nature of Power electronic equipment
Brief idea about topics of study involved
The key features of the principal Power Electronic Devices
An idea about which device to choose for a particular application
A few issues like base drive and protection of PE devices and equipment common to most varieties.

Power Electronics is the art of converting electrical energy from one form to another in an efficient, clean, compact, and robust manner for convenient utilisation.

A passenger lift in a modern building equipped with a Variable-Voltage-Variable-Speed induction-machine drive offers a comfortable ride and stops exactly at the floor level. Behind the scene it consumes less power with reduced stresses on the motor and corruption of the utility mains.

Power Electronics involves the study of

Power semiconductor devices - their physics, characteristics, drive requirements and their protection for optimum utilization of their capacities
Power converter topologies involving them
Control strategies of the converters
Digital, analogue and microelectronics involved
Capacitive and magnetic energy storage elements
Rotating and static electrical devices
Quality of waveforms generated
Electro Magnetic and Radio Frequency Interference

How is Power electronics distinct from linear electronics?

It is not primarily in their power handling capacities.

While power management IC's in mobile sets working on Power Electronic principles are meant to handle only a few milliwatts, large linear audio amplifiers are rated at a few thousand watts.

The utilisation of the Bipolar junction transistor, Fig. 1.2 in the two types of amplifiers best symbolises the difference. In Power Electronics all devices are operated in the switching mode - either 'FULLY-ON' or 'FULLY-OFF' states. The linear amplifier concentrates on fidelity in signal amplification, requiring transistors to operate strictly in the linear (active) zone, Fig 1.3. Saturation and cutoff zones in the VCE - IC plane are avoided. In a Power electronic switching amplifier, only those areas in the VCE - IC plane which have been skirted above, are suitable. On-state dissipation is minimum if the device is in saturation (or quasi-saturation for optimising other losses). In the off-state also, losses are minimum if the BJT is reverse biased. A BJT switch will try to traverse the active zone as fast as possible to minimise switching losses.

Power Semiconductor device - history

Power electronics and converters utilizing them made a head start when the first device the Silicon Controlled Rectifier was proposed by Bell Labs and commercially produced by General Electric in the earlier fifties. The Mercury Arc Rectifiers were well in use by that time and the robust and compact SCR first started replacing it in the rectifiers and cycloconverters. The necessity arose of extending the application of the SCR beyond the line-commutated mode of action, which called for external measures to circumvent its turn-off incapability via its control terminals. Various turn-off schemes were proposed and their classification was suggested but it became increasingly obvious that a device with turn-off capability was desirable, which would permit it a wider application. The turn-off networks and aids were impractical at higher powers.

The Bipolar transistor, which had by the sixties been developed to handle a few tens of amperes and block a few hundred volts, arrived as the first competitor to the SCR. It is superior to the SCR in its turn-off capability, which could be exercised via its control terminals. This permitted the replacement of the SCR in all forced-commutated inverters and choppers. However, the gain (power) of the SCR is a few decades superior to that of the Bipolar transistor and the high base currents required to switch the Bipolar spawned the Darlington. Three or more stage Darlingtons are available as a single chip complete with accessories for its convenient drive. Higher operating frequencies were obtainable with a discrete Bipolars compared to the 'fast' inverter-grade SCRs permitting reduction of filter components. But the Darlington's operating frequency had to be reduced to permit a sequential turn-off of the drivers and the main transistor. Further, the incapability of the Bipolar to block reverse voltages restricted its use.

The Power MOSFET burst into the scene commercially near the end seventies. This device also represents the first successful marriage between modern integrated circuit and discrete power semiconductor manufacturing technologies. Its voltage drive capability – giving it again a higher gain, the ease of its paralleling and most importantly the much higher operating frequencies reaching upto a few MHz saw it replacing the Bipolar also at the sub-10 KW range mainly for SMPS type of applications. Extension of VLSI manufacturing facilities for the MOSFET reduced its price vis-à-vis the Bipolar also. However, being a majority carrier device its on-state voltage is dictated by the RDS(ON) of the device, which in turn is proportional to about V2.3DSS rating of the MOSFET. Consequently, high-voltage MOSFETS are not commercially viable.

Improvements were being tried out on the SCR regarding its turn-off capability mostly by reducing the turn-on gain. Different versions of the Gate-turn-off device, the Gate turn-off Thyristor (GTO), were proposed by various manufacturers - each advocating their own symbol for the device. The requirement for an extremely high turn-off control current via the gate and the comparatively higher cost of the device restricted its application only to inverters rated above a few hundred KVA.

The lookout for a more efficient, cheap, fast and robust turn-off-able device proceeded in different directions with MOS drives for both the basic thysistor and the Bipolar. The Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) – basically a MOSFET driven Bipolar from its terminal characteristics has been a successful proposition with devices being made available at about 4 KV and 4 KA. Its switching frequency of about 25 KHz and ease of connection and drive saw it totally removing the Bipolar from practically all applications. Industrially, only the MOSFET has been able to continue in the sub – 10 KVA range primarily because of its high switching frequency. The IGBT has also pushed up the GTO to applications above 2-5 MVA.

Subsequent developments in converter topologies – especially the three-level inverter permitted use of the IGBT in converters of 5 MVA range. However at ratings above that the GTO (6KV/6KA device of Mitsubishi) based converters had some space. Only SCR based converters are possible at the highest range where line-commutated or load-commutated converters were the only solution. The surge current, the peak repetition voltage and I2t ratings are applicable only to the thyristors making them more robust, specially thermally, than the transistors of all varieties. 1200V Version 3 ASIPM

Presently there are few hybrid devices and Intelligent Power Modules (IPM) are marketed by some manufacturers. The IPMs have already gathered wide acceptance.

The 4500 V, 1200 A IEGT (injection-enhanced gate transistor) of Toshiba or the 6000 V, 3500 A IGCT (Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristors) of ABB which are promising at the higher power ranges. However these new devices must prove themselves before they are accepted by the industry at large.

Silicon carbide is a wide band gap semiconductor with an energy band gap wider than about 2 eV that possesses extremely high thermal, chemical, and mechanical stability. Silicon carbide is the only wide band gap semiconductor among gallium nitride (GaN, EG = 3.4 eV), aluminum nitride (AlN, EG = 6.2 eV), and silicon carbide that possesses a high-quality native oxide suitable for use as an MOS insulator in electronic devices The breakdown field in SiC is about 8 times higher than in silicon. This is important for high-voltage power switching transistors. For example, a device of a given size in SiC will have a blocking voltage 8 times higher than the same device in silicon. More importantly, the on-resistance of the SiC device will be about two decades lower than the silicon device. Consequently, the efficiency of the power converter is higher.

In addition, SiC-based semiconductor switches can operate at high temperatures (~600 C) without much change in their electrical properties. Thus the converter has a higher reliability. Reduced losses and allowable higher operating temperatures result in smaller heatsink size. Moreover, the high frequency operating capability of SiC converters lowers the filtering requirement and the filter size. As a result, they are compact, light, reliable, and efficient and have a high power density. These qualities satisfy the requirements of power converters for most applications and they are expected to be the devices of the future.

Ratings have been progressively increasing for all devices while the newer devices offer substantially better performance. With the SCR and the pin-diodes, so called because of the sandwiched intrinsic ‘i’-layer between the ‘p’ and ‘n’ layers, having mostly line-commutated converter applications, emphasis was mostly on their static characteristics - forward and reverse voltage blocking, current carrying and over-current ratings, on-state forward voltage etc and also on issues like paralleling and series operation of the devices.

As the operating speeds of the devices increased, the dynamic (switching) characteristics of the devices assumed greater importance as most of the dissipation was during these transients. Attention turned to the development of efficient drive networks and protection techniques which were found to enhance the performance of the devices and their peak power handling capacities. Issues related to paralleling were resolved by the system designer within the device itself like in MOSFETS, while the converter topology was required to take care of their series operation as in multi-level converters.

Power Diodes

Silicon Power diodes are the successors of Selenium rectifiers having significantly improved forward characteristics and voltage ratings. They are classified mainly by their turn-off (dynamic) characteristics Fig. 1.6. The minority carriers in the diodes require finite time - trr (reverse recovery time) to recombine with opposite charges and neutralise. Large values of Qrr (= Q1 + Q2) - the charge to be dissipated as a negative current when the and diode turns off and trr (= t2 - t0) - the time it takes to regain its blocking features, impose strong current stresses on the controlled device in series. Also a 'snappy' type of recovery of the diode effects high di/dt voltages on all associated power device in the converter because of load or stray inductances present in the network. There are broadly three types of diodes used in Power electronic applications:

Fast recovery diodes: Fast recovery diffused diodes and fast recovery epitaxial diodes, FRED's, have significantly lower Q and trrrr (~ 1.0 sec). They are available at high powers and are mainly used in association with fast controlled-devices as free-wheeling or DC-DC choppers and rectifier applications. Fast recovery diodes also find application in induction heating, UPS and traction.

Schottky rectifiers: These are the fastest rectifiers being majority carrier devices without any Qrr.. However, they are available with voltage ratings up to a hundred volts only though current ratings may be high. Their conduction voltages specifications are excellent (~0.2V). The freedom from minority carrier recovery permits reduced snubber requirements. Schottky diodes face no competition in low voltage SPMS applications and in instrumentation.

Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)

The Silicon Controlled Rectifier is the most popular of the thyristor family of four layer regenerative devices. It is normally turned on by the application of a gate pulse when a forward bias voltage is present at the main terminals. However, being regenerative or 'latching', it cannot be turned off via the gate terminals specially at the extremely high amplification factor of the gate. There are two main types of SCR's.

Converter grade or Phase Control thyristors These devices are the work horses of the Power Electronics. They are turned off by natural (line) commutation and are reverse biased at least for a few milliseconds subsequent to a conduction period. No fast switching feature is desired of these devices. They are available at voltage ratings in excess of 5 KV starting from about 50 V and current ratings of about 5 KA. The largest converters for HVDC transmission are built with series-parallel combination of these devices. Conduction voltages are device voltage rating dependent and range between 1.5 V (600V) to about 3.0 V (+5 KV). These devices are unsuitable for any 'forced-commutated' circuit requiring unwieldy large commutation components.

The dynamic di/dt and dv/dt capabilities of the SCR have vastly improved over the years borrowing emitter shorting and other techniques adopted for the faster variety. The requirement for hard gate drives and di/dt limting inductors have been eliminated in the process.

Inverter grade thyristors: Turn-off times of these thyristors range from about 5 to 50 μsecs when hard switched. They are thus called fast or 'inverter grade' SCR's. The SCR's are mainly used in circuits that are operated on DC supplies and no alternating voltage is available to turn them off. Commutation networks have to be added to the basic converter only to turn-off the SCR's.

The efficiency, size and weight of these networks are directly related to the turn-off time, tq of the SCR. The commutation circuits utilised resonant networks or charged capacitors. Quite a few commutation networks were designed and some like the McMurray-Bedford became widely accepted.

Asymmetrical, light-activated, reverse conducting SCR's Quite a few varieties of the basic SCR have been proposed for specific applications. The Asymmetrical thyristor is convenient when reactive powers are involved and the light activated SCR assists in paralleling or series operation.

MOSFET

The Power MOSFET technology has mostly reached maturity and is the most popular device for SMPS, lighting ballast type of application where high switching frequencies are desired but operating voltages are low. Being a voltage fed, majority carrier device (resistive behaviour) with a typically rectangular Safe Operating Area, it can be conveniently utilized. Utilising shared manufacturing processes, comparative costs of MOSFETs are attractive. For low frequency applications, where the currents drawn by the equivalent capacitances across its terminals are small, it can also be driven directly by integrated circuits. These capacitances are the main hindrance to operating the MOSFETS at speeds of several MHz. The resistive characteristics of its main terminals permit easy paralleling externally also. At high current low voltage applications the MOSFET offers best conduction voltage specifications as the RDS(ON) specification is current rating dependent. However, the inferior features of the inherent anti-parallel diode and its higher conduction losses at power frequencies and voltage levels restrict its wider application.

The IGBT

It is a voltage controlled four-layer device with the advantages of the MOSFET driver and the Bipolar Main terminal. IGBTs can be classified as punch-through (PT) and non-punch-through (NPT) structures. In the punch-through IGBT, a better trade-off between the forward voltage drop and turn-off time can be achieved. Punch-through IGBTs are available up to about 1200 V. NPT IGBTs of up to about 4 KV have been reported in literature and they are more robust than PT IGBTs particularly under short circuit conditions. However they have a higher forward voltage drop than the PT IGBTs. Its switching times can be controlled by suitably shaping the drive signal. This gives the IGBT a number of advantages: it does not require protective circuits, it can be connected in parallel without difficulty, and series connection is possible without dv/dt snubbers. The IGBT is presently one of the most popular device in view of its wide ratings, switching speed of about 100 KHz a easy voltage drive and a square Safe Operating Area devoid of a Second Breakdown region.

The GTO

The GTO is a power switching device that can be turned on by a short pulse of gate current and turned off by a reverse gate pulse. This reverse gate current amplitude is dependent on the anode current to be turned off. Hence there is no need for an external commutation circuit to turn it off. Because turn-off is provided by bypassing carriers directly to the gate circuit, its turn-off time is short, thus giving it more capability for highfrequency operation than thyristors. The GTO symbol and turn-off characteristics are shown in Fig. 30.3. GTOs have the I2t withstand capability and hence can be protected by semiconductor fuses. For reliable operation of GTOs, the critical aspects are proper design of the gate turn-off circuit and the snubber circuit.

Power Converter Topologies

A Power Electronic Converter processes the available form to another having a different frequency and/or voltage magnitude. There can be four basic types of converters depending upon the function performed.

Vastrapur Lake - Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 14:00:00 +0530

A pictorial lake in a lustrous environment is a joyful visa and Vastrapur lake in the western part of Ahmedabad is one of such alluring location. The lake was beautified by the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and has since become a popular spot in the city. Encircled by all around greenery vastrapur lake is a must see spectacle in the city. Green lawns in the surrounding happen to be the most popular podium of various cultural events. There is a pathway all around the lake which serves many walkers and joggers in the early mornings and in the evenings.

Water lovers can go for boating since, and the less adventurous can embark on a nice promenade through the nice pathway that rounds the lake. The lake looks so appealing at times when it is fed with the waters from the Narmada river. Let your children loose in the lush environment of the Vastrapur lake and they will have enough to keep themselves engaged in the adjoining children’s park.

ISRO-SAC, Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:59:00 +0530

The Indian Space Research Organisation is the primary body for space research under the control of the Government of India, and one of the leading space research organizations in the world. It was established in its modern form in 1969 as a result of coordinated efforts initiated earlier. Under the guidance of a number of scientists, ISRO has conducted a variety of operations—supported by its launch vehicle fleet—for both Indian and foreign clients. ISRO has several field installations as assets, and cooperates with the international community as a part of several bilateral and multilateral agreements.

Space activities in the country started during early 1960s with the scientific investigation of upper atmosphere and ionosphere over the magnetic equator that passes over Thumba near Thiruvananthapuram using small sounding rockets Realising the immense potential of space technology for national development, Dr. Vikram Sarabhai, the visionary leader envisioned that this powerful technology could play a meaningful role in national development and solving the problems of common man.

Thus, Indian Space programme born in the church beginning, space activities in the country, concentrated on achieving self reliance and developing capability to build and launch communication satellites for television broadcast, telecommunications and meteorological applications; remote sensing satellites for management of natural resources.

The objective of ISRO is to develop space technology and its application to various national tasks. ISRO has established two major space systems, INSAT for communication, television broadcasting and meteorological services, and Indian Remote Sensing Satellites (IRS) system for resources monitoring and management. ISRO has developed two satellite launch vehicles, PSLV and GSLV, to place INSAT and IRS satellites in the required orbits.

Accordingly, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully operationalised two major satellite systems namely Indian National Satellites (INSAT) for communication services and Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) satellites for management of natural resources; also, Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) for launching IRS type of satellites and Geostationary Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) for launching INSAT type of satellites.

The Space Commission formulates the policies and oversees the implementation of the Indian space programme to promote the development and application of space science and technology for the socio-economic benefit of the country. DOS implements these programmes through, mainly Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL), North Eastern-Space Applications Centre (NE-SAC) and Semi-Conductor Laboratory (SCL). The Antrix Corporation, established in 1992 as a government owned company, markets the space products and services

Space Applications Centre (SAC) is one of the major centres of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is a unique centre dealing with a wide variety of disciplines comprising design and development of payloads, societal applications, capacity building and space sciences, thereby creating a synergy of technology, science and applications. The Centre is responsible for the development, realisation and qualification of communication, navigation, earth & planetary observation, meteorological payloads and related data processing and ground systems.

Several national level application programmes in the area of natural resources, weather and environmental studies, disaster monitoring/mitigation, etc are also carried out. It is playing an important role in harnessing space technology for a wide variety of applications for societal benefits. The organisational structure continues to remain dynamic, responding to the needs of the hour. SAC operates and maintains Ahmedabad Earth Station and the Delhi Earth Stations.

SAC is a host institution for the training programmes related to Satellite Communication, Satellite Meteorology and global change under the Centre for Space Science & Technology Education in Asia and the Pacific (CSSTEAP) affiliated to the United Nations (UN).

Space Applications Centre

Jodhpur Tekra, Ambawadi Vistar P.O.

Ahmedabad - 380015

Website: www.sac.gov.in

Chocolate Room of Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:57:00 +0530

In Ahmedabad's The Chocolate Room, you get a lot of chocolaty options. The menu is filled with chocolate shakes, chocolate sundaes and fondues, chocolate pizzas, hot chocolates, chocolate pancakes, chocolate sandwiches, brownies, pastries and cookies. You can indulge yourself in chocolate treats. For those of you, who are not much into chocolate, their menu also includes a variety of paninis, wraps and baguettes. There are coffee and teas as well.

The Chocolate Room at Ahmedabad is a chocolate lover’s paradise and ideal place where you can sit for hours and hours and enjoy your game. The ambience is comfortable and uncluttered with enough space between tables. The staff is courteous and the service is quite prompt. It's a cool place to hang out with friends. Not a place for calorie conscious people.

Address:

Ahmedabad-Navrangpura

5-6-7, Ground Floor,

University Plaza,

Opp. Maharaja Palace, Near Vijay Cross roads,

Navrangpura

Ahmedabad 380009

Phone No. +91- 79 - 65125005

Ahmedabad-Satellite

Shop no. 6

Camps Corner 2,

Near Prahladnagar Garden,

Satellite

Ahmedabad

Phone No. +91- 79 - 40064508

Ahmedabad-Drive in Road

4th Floor,Himalaya Mall

Drive - In Road

Drive in Road

Ahmedabad

Phone No. 079 - 69437080

Ahmedabad-Maninagar

29,Rajendra Society,

Jawahar Chowk

Maninagar

Ahmedabad

Phone No. 079 - 65451113

Email ID: info@thechocolateroomindia.com

Science City, Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:54:00 +0530

The Gujarat Science City at Ahmedabad, set up by the Government of Gujarat is to highlight its eagerness to promote scientific thought and develop in the field of science and technology. Located on Sola Santej Road, the Gujarat Science City offers extensive educational and entertainment options to the tourists. Set up in the year 1960, this great concern had received laurels both from the general public and the ace educationalists. It's an educational and entertainment zone with its amazing displays, laboratories, activity corners and live demonstration shows have become a major places to go for sightseeing in Ahmedabad.

IMAX 3D Theater:

Main attraction of the Gujarat Science City is the IMAX 3 D Theater. The theatre has screens, which are eight stories high. The IMAX experience is truly fantastic and is a favorite amongst the children. Some of the shows that are worth watching include Mystic India and First City in Space.

Hall Of Space & Hall Of Science:

Hall of Space & Hall of Science at the Science City have been planned as a high-tech exhibition including current techniques with an field of 20,000 sq ft. The Gujarat Govt. of is keen to make such Gujarat Science City as will be become a role model for the growing global.

This is a place that does not have a display “please don’t touch”. This new exhibit hall in the Science City urges the visitors to touch and manipulate the exhibits to their liking.

It has following attractions:
1. Spark Theatre 2. Power Transmission: 3. Gear: 4. Power Bicycle: 5. Angular Velocity: 6. Anti Gravity: 7. Celestial Motion: 8. Loop: 9. Lift your own weight: 10. Sound Exhibits: 11. Doppler’s Effect: 12. Eco Sound: 13. Convarsation Piece: 14. Grand Shuttle: 15. Aerodynamics: 16. Flying of Aero plane: 20. Aquamobil: 21. Feel Fly: 22. Bernaulli’s Ball: 23. Pnuematic Mail: 24. Floating Ball: 25. Lissajous Pendulum: 26. Probability: 27. Mobious Band: 28. Hyperbola: 29. Elliptical Carom Board: 30. Elliptical Wave Tank: 31. Parabola: 32. Mirror Maze: 33. Pendulums: 34. Vision: 35. Sterio Vision: 36. Light Island: 37. Captive shadow/Color Shadow: 38. You and Me: 39. Multiple Reflections: 40. I Fly: 41. Bodyless Head: 42. Mirror/Glass Exhibits: 42. Transformation of Energy

Here you can produce electricity through your own body, make your own magnet, get electricity from the Sun. A giant Energy Ball demonstrates how earth’s gravitational force makes some balls rolling and performing like acrobats to produce sound, light, electricity and kinetic energy in different forms. The Aquamobil is a kinetic water sculpture in which colourful water plays with water wheels, turbines, dancing dolls; makes a giant water lens, sounds musical chimes and gongs, generates electricity, and operates bubblers and fountains to demonstrate basic laws of fluids. A hot air balloon soars up when heated, you can paddle a bicycle to float a ball in air, control a floating ball in air like an aeroplane and operate a pneumatic mail from one point to the other.

Apart from this, you can also take a look at,

Musical Dancing Fountain: The water effects move or dance with music and interpret each tune in synchronization with light and sound.

Energy Education Park : It exhibits energy in its five forms - Earth, Fire, Water, Wind and Space or Air.

LED Screen : The LED screen having dimension of 20' x 12' size and uses 1,84,320 tiny LEDs to play a character or to depict the story lines.

Location - Village Hebatpur, Sola-Santej Road, Sarkhej Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad

Accessibility- Bus Services, Cabs - Easily reachable by road.

Best time - September to February

Visit Timings- 02:00am to 09:00pm. *Timings are subject to vary.

Amusement Park Fee - 5Rs/- for Children(3 to 12 years), 10Rs/- for Adults and Special discounts for school students.

Musical Fountain

Amphitheater

Thrill Ride/Simulator

Sardar Patel Stadium, Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:52:00 +0530

The Sardar Patel Stadium in Ahmedabad can hold a crowd of almost 50,000 and is one of the bigger grounds in the country. Named after India's first Home Minister, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the stadium was built within a span of nine months on a 50-acre stretch of land donated by the government. It is also called the Motera ground because it is located in that area of the city, and has seen many a record being broken. The ground hosted its first Test match in 1983 when West Indies beat the home side by more than 100 runs. Later in the 1984-85 Australia-India series, Sardar Patel Stadium went on to host its first ODI, one in which Australia beat the Indians.

Sunil Gavaskar became the first-ever cricketer to score 10,000 runs in Test cricket on this ground – a feat he achieved against Pakistan. Kapil Dev also surged past Sir Richard Hadlee's record for the most number of wickets in Test matches here, after earlier having made a nine-wicket haul in his career also at the Motera ground. In 1996, the ground hosted a low-scoring Test match against South Africa, where the tourists faltered while chasing a paltry 170 for a win to end up at 105 all out. Javagal Srinath had scalped six wickets in the innings. However, South Africa had their sweet revenge when they bowled India out for 76 runs in the first session of the Test match in 2008 and then went on to win it by an innings and 90 runs. The Motera was also one of the venues for the 2006 edition of the Champions Trophy, with five of the 15 games being played here.

It has also hosted one game in each of the two World Cups that were played in the country, including the first match of the 1996 World Cup between England and New Zealand.

Sardar Patel National Memorial, Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:50:00 +0530

As the name suggests, Sardar Patel national memorial was established in the memory of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, who was a great freedom fighter. Located in the environs of Shahibaugh in Ahmedabad, Sardar Patel national memorial museum is also known as Moti Shah Mahal.

The Moti Shahi Mahal is surrounded by the Sardar Open Garden, where peacocks roam free and monkeys reside in the trees. The Sardar Open Air Theatre shows documentary films in the garden on occasion. Before the palace stands a statue of Sardar Patel. Four pillars mark the four wings, one floor and central hall of the palace.

History:

The Moti Shahi Mahal was constructed by Mughal emperor Shahjahan between 1618 and 1622 at Ahmedabad when he was the suba, or governor, of Gujarat, which was a part of the Mughal Empire. After that the palace was in the control of the British Raj when Ahmedabad was established as a cantonment in the mid-nineteenth century, and used for government purposes. Rabindranath Tagore, the great Bengali poet, writer and philosopher stayed in the palace in 1878, when he was seventeen years old. Following Indian independence, this palace was the Raj Bhavan - official residence of the Governor of Gujarat, from 1960 to 1978. It was endowed by the Government of Gujarat in 1975, upon the centennial birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, to establish a memorial to honour him. The memorial was founded on March 7, 1980.

Patel Memorial:

The Patel memorial is located on the ground floor of Sardar Patel National Memorial, covering the central hall and four adjacent rooms. The central hall is filled with portraits of Sardar Patel, his family, friends and colleagues in the Indian freedom struggle. They are in chronological order and with biographical descriptions of periods of his life, and quotes by his colleagues and admirers. Two of the four adjacent rooms house relics of Sardar Patel's life, his personal possessions as well as displayed accounts and political cartoons from newspapers of the time. One room is devoted to a particular phase of Sardar Patel's work - his comradeship with Mohandas Gandhi in the 1930s, his youth, education and legal career, and his work as India's home minister in integrating princely states into India. In a room to the right of the main entrance into the palace, is where Sardar Patel's personal effects are on display. These include his khadi kurta, jacket and dhoti, his shoes, slippers and European-style clothes from his younger days. Also on display is a flag of India as created by the Indian National Congress in 1930-31.

Sardar Sarovar And Gandhi Room:

A major room and sub-hall on the ground floor is devoted to the controversial Sardar Sarovar Project - a major dam and hydroelectric power plants project launched in Sardar Patel's name in the Narmada river valley, covering the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. The room contains pictures, graphics, books, statistics and other information on the project - from its inception, technical details, construction and present functioning.

In a room connected through the Sardar Sarovar hall, the life and work of Mohandas Gandhi are on display. These include portraits, pictures, quotes, busts, statues and books. Gandhi's close partnership and personal friendship with Patel is an important and recurrent theme throughout the memorial.

Tagore Memorial:

On first floor, in the right wing of the palace there is a room where Rabindranath Tagore lived during his time at the palace, and it is dedicated to his memory. It is accessed by a staircase and a pathway into the right column. There are numerous portraits, pictures and information on display, and the main room consists of a large statue of Tagore, including paintings to preserve his memory and contributions.

Sabarmati Gandhi Ashram - Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:47:00 +0530

"This is the right place for our activities to carry on the search for Truth and develop Fearlessness- for on one side, are the iron bolts of the foreigners, and on the other, thunderbolts of Mother Nature".- This is how Gandhiji described the site of Sabarmati Ashram when he first visited the place for assessing if it was suitable for carrying out his work.

Sabarmati Ashram (also known as Gandhi Ashram, Harijan Ashram, or Satyagraha Ashram) is located in the Ahmedabad suburb of Sabarmati adjoining to famous Ashram Road, at the bank of River Sabarmati,4 miles away from the city Town Hall. This was one of the residences of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. This ashram is now a national monument by the Government of India due to its significance in the Indian independence movement in the form of the Dandi March in 1930.

Sabarmati Ashram, formerly known as "Satyagraha Ashram", situated in Ahmedabad at the Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai, a barrister. Later on it was shifted to the banks of Sabarmati river and then it came to be known as 'Sabarmati Ashram'. Gandhi stayed at the Ashram from 1915 to 1933 later on the Ashram was disbanded. The Ashram is a witness to many important historical events.

While at the Ashram, Gandhi formed a tertiary school that mainly focused on manual labour, agriculture, and literacy to advance his efforts for nation's self-sufficiency. It was also from here on the 12 March 1930 that Gandhi marched towards Dandi, 241 miles from the Ashram with 78 companions in protest of the British Salt Law, which taxed Indian salt in an effort to promote sales of British salt in India. This mass awakening filled the British jails with 60 000 freedom fighters. Later the government seized their property, Gandhi, in sympathy with them, responded by asking the Government to forfeit the Ashram. Then Government, however, did not oblige. He had by now already decided on 22 July 1933 to disband the Ashram, which later became asserted place after the detention of many freedom fighters, and then some local citizens decided to preserve it. On 12 March 1930 he vowed that he would not return to the Ashram until India won independence. Although this was won on 15 August 1947, when India was declared a free nation, Gandhi was assassinated in January 1948.

While at Sabarmati, Gandhiji lived in a small cottage which is now known as 'Hridaya (Heart) Kunj'. It is a place of great historic value, where even today visitors find some of the things which Gandhiji used- a writing desk, a khadi kurta, a yarn spun by him and some of his letters.

Nandini:

It is on the right hand side of 'Hridaya Kunj'. It is an old Ashram guest house, where guests from India and abroad are put up.

Vinoba Kutir:

Named after Acharya Vinoba Bhave who stayed here, and also known as Mira Kutir after Mirabahen, Gandhiji's disciple, daughter of a British Admiral.

Upasana Mandir:

It is an open -air prayer ground, situated between 'Hridaya Kunj' and 'Magan Kutir' (the hut where Maganlal Gandhi, the ashram manager, used to stay).

Here, Gandhiji used to refer to individual questions after prayers and as the head of the family analysed and gave his solutions.

Gandhi Sangrahalaya:

An important feature of the Ashram is Gandhi Sangrahalaya, a museum inaugurated by Jawaharlal Nehru on May10,1963.

It has five units and a library, two photo-galleries and an auditorium.

The museum houses eight life-sized colour oil- paintings and an exhibition on Gandhiji's life 'My life is My Message' and 'Gandhiji in Ahmedabad'. An archive has also been set up. It stores 34,066 letters by Gandhiji, manuscripts of his 8,633 articles, negatives of 6,367 photographs, 134 reels of microfilms of his writings, 210 films on Gandhiji and the freedom struggle. The library has over 30,000 books, 155 letters of felicitation received by Gandhiji, besides a miscellaneous memorabilia comprising of coins, postal stamps and the like. The museum measuring 24,000 sq. feet in area has besides 54 blocks of 20'x20' each, a conference hall and an auditorium for watching films and video.

The Sangrahalaya also arranges for publication and sale of Gandhian literature.

The Sangrahalaya remains open for visitors from 8.00 a.m. to 7.00 p.m. on all days including Sundays and Holidays.

Address:

Gandhi Ashram,

Ahmedabad-380027,

Gujarat,

India

Tel: (O) 755 72 77 (R) 755 66 59

Fax: 756 05 69

E-mail: gandhiashram@satyam.net.in

Sabarmati River Front - Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:44:00 +0530

Sabarmati River Basin flows in the mid-southern part of Rajasthan and some parts of Gujarat, between latitudes 23 degree 25'; and 24 degree 55'; and longitudes 73 degree 00'; and 73 degree 48';. The river extends over some parts of Udaipur, Sirohi, Pali and Sabarmati River Dungarpur Districts. Sabarmati River flows in a southwesterly direction.

Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar are located on the banks of the river. There is a legend of how Sultan Ahmed Shah was inspired to establish Ahmedabad. It is said that while he was resting on the bank of Sabarmati River he got inspired by the courage of a rabbit to chase a bully dog. On the banks of the river Sabarmati, Gandhiji established Sabarmati Ashram during India's Struggle for Independence.

Sabarmati Riverfront Development Project:

The Sabarmati Riverfront Development Project is an initiative by the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation to develop the Sabarmati riverfront in the city of Ahmedabad, India. In May 1997, the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation established the Sabarmati River Front Development Corporation Limited (SRFDCL) under Section 149 (3) of the Companies Act 1956. The SRFDCL was provided with seed capital of Rs. one crore and charged with the responsibility of developing the Sabarmati Riverfront.

Project is undertaken with a prime objective of environmental improvement and provision of housing for the poor who living in life threatening conditions along river bed. The project has been planned as a self-financing project. The revenues would be generated from the sale of proclaimed land. Rs. 1,200 crore (US$ 255.6 million) project includes Walkway development, Road development along River, Promenades, Garden, Construction of 4000 houses under slum rehabilitation, Amusement Park, Golf Course, Water Sports park and Construction of Kotarpur Weir.

Sports at Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:42:00 +0530

Cricket is the most popular sport in the city. Sardar Patel Stadium, built in 1982, hosts both one-day internationals and test matches. The stadium also hosted the 1996 Cricket World Cup. Ahmedabad also has a second cricket stadium at the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation's Sports Club of Gujarat which is the home ground of the Gujarat cricket team that plays in domestic tournament of Ranji Trophy.

City is represented by Ahmedabad Rockets in Indian Cricket League which is played in Twenty20 format of the game. Other sports gaining popularity are field hockey, badminton, tennis, and squash. Ahmedabad currently has three golf courses.

Mithakhali Multi Sports Complex is being developed by the AMC to promote various indoor sports. There has been a significant increase in recent years in the number of private sports clubs, gymkhanas, gymnasia and sports teams sponsored by corporations, private associations, schools and colleges. Young people congregate in the evenings to play cricket and football at numerous public and neighbourhood grounds.

Recently Ahmedabad hosted national level games for roller skating and Table Tennis. Kart racing is fast gaining popularity in the city, with facility of 380 meter long track based on Formula One concept. In 2007, Ahmedabad hosted the 51st national level shooting games. Geet Sethi, a five-time winner of the World Professional Billiards Championship and a recipient of India's highest sporting award, the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna, hails from Ahmedabad.

Ahmedabad has produced cricketers such as Jasu Patel and Parthiv Patel who have been members of the Indian cricket team. Tejas Bakre, a chess grandmaster, is from Ahmedabad. Soccer has also become a very popular sport in Ahmedabad. Gujarat's best goalkeeper Anukal Yana is from Ahmedabad and Gujarat's best midfielder Rajesh Tadvi

is also from Ahmedabad.

Rathyatra of Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:38:00 +0530

Ratha Yatra, the Festival of Chariots of Lord Jagannatha is celebrated every year at Puri, the temple town in Orissa, on the east coast of India. The presiding deities of the main temple, Sri Mandira, Lord Jagannatha, Lord Balabhadra and Goddess Subhadra, with the celestial wheel Sudarshana are taken out from the temple precincts in an elaborate ritual procession to their respective chariots. The huge, colourfully decorated chariots, are drawn by hundreds and thousands of devotees on the bada danda, the grand avenue to the Gundicha temple, some two miles away to the North. After a stay for seven days, the deities return to their abode in Srimandira.

The Puri Rath Yatra and the Rath Yatra of Ahmedabad, Gujarat take place on the same day. In grandeur and popularity, the Rath Yatra of Ahmedabad stands next to the Puri festival. The Ahmedabad Rath Yatra has been taking place for more than 130 years. Akin to the Puri celebrations, the three chariots with the idols of Lord Jagannath (Krishna), Balarama (Balabhadra) and Subhadra are pulled by the devotees through the city. The procession starts from the Jagannath temple in Jamalpur locality in Ahmedabad city and passes through a 14 kilometer route.

Nowadays, there are not just the thousands of people who participate in the Ahmedabad event, there are also communication satellites which the police use under the global positioning system to chart the course of the chariots on a map on the computer screen to monitor them from a control room. This is because Ahmedabad Rath Yatra has a bloody record. The last violent Rath Yatra which the city saw was in 1992, when the city suddenly became surcharged with communal riots.

A highlight of the Ahmedabad Rath Yatra is the procession of caparisoned elephants. Decorated elephants participate in almost all the important rituals associated with the festival. Another important feature is the participation of Akhada Sadhus and Mahants and the numerous floats with different themes. The day-long procession ends with the chariots returning to the Jamalpur Jagannath Temple. These days, the police use under the global positioning system to chart the course of the chariots on a map on the computer screen to monitor them from a control room. This is done to ensure the safety of the devotees.

Kankariya Lake - Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:35:00 +0530

Kankaria Lake was built by Sultan Qutab-ud-Din in the year 1451 A.D. It is basically an artificial multisided lake with thirty four sides. With an approximate circumference of 1.4 miles (2.3 km), it represents the regale history of Ahmedabad. Lying on the south eastern side of the Ahmedabad city, the lake also has a fascinating island summer palace. The Mughal Emperor Jahangir along with his wife Empress Noor Jahan uses to visit this lake very often.

Kankaria Lake is one of the most favorite picnic spots of the people of Ahmedabad. Adjacent to the lake, lays a beautiful garden called Nagina Wadi. The pleasing view of the lake, the humming and chirping of birds and the greenery bordering the lake will make you fall in love with this place. You can also avail the boating facility. Kankaria Lake provides a beautiful view of the sunset. There is also a zoo and children's park located nearby the lake. In recent days with the development around the lake people can enjoy a toy train ride around the lake.

Recent Renovation:

The inauguration ceremony for Rs 30 crore Kankaria lakefront was held on December 25, 2008. The central garden and the walkway has recently been revamped.

Upon completion of the renovation the lake was officially inaugurated in a week long event known as "Kankaria Carnival". It is the first of its kind in the history and is organised by Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC).

A train named 'Atal Express'(Named after former prime-minister of India Mr. Atal Bihari Vajpayee on his birthday 25 December 2008) is being imported from London, the train will circle the lake on a 4.5 km track at a speed of 10 km/h. The train will have the capacity to carry 150 passengers, including 36 adults. The train is manufactured by Severn Lamb. Kankaria is the biggest lake in the city of Ahmedabad. It was built by sultan Ahmed Shah.

Present Honourable Chief Minister of Gujarat Shri Narendra Modi has begun new development of the area. The road on the periphery of the Lake is being reconstructed as a pedestrian zone, and a toy train named the 'Atal Express' will circle the lake.

The place is enjoyed as a place for yoga, walking, and running, especially in the very early morning. There are also other attractions like a zoo, Nagina Wadi, Balvatika, an aquarium and gardens. Kankaria Zoo has also reords in breeding of rare species in Zoo which make them to feel that they are attached with nature and not cages. Tourists/visitors will remember this place for years together.

Indian Institute of Management - Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:34:00 +0530

IIM-A (i.e. Indian Institute Of Management, Ahmedabad) is amongst most prominent international Business and management schools. IIM-A set up in 1961 and today it is business school of International repute. IIMA is committed not only to provide quality management education to its students but also on producing quality research papers for the further development of the field of management. It has earmarked the decade of 2000 as a decade of Internationalization. In this decade IIM Ahmedabad is focusing on exchange of faculty with International Business schools, admitting full time International schools, expansion of the campus to accommodate the Institutes's International Executive development programs.

IIMA Objectives:

>> To nurture the ambitions of talented individuals through conceptual based education.

>> Develop the decision-making skills to handle all kind of managerial and administrative challenges.

>> Assist the growing industry by providing better managers.

IIMA Mission:

To provide managers for private and public sectors. Managers, who are equipped to handle any kind of global managerial demands across any sector.

IIM Ahmedabad Courses:

MBA Courses at IIMA :

(1) Post Graduate Program in Agri-Business Management (PGP-ABM)

(2) Post Graduate Program in Management (PGP)

(3) One-Year Post Graduate Program in Public Management and Policy (PGP-PMP)

(4) One Year Post Graduate Program in Management for Executives (PGPX)

Fellow Program in Management (FPM):

This is a doctorate program that offers specialization in ten different areas. The specializations offered are:

1. Marketing

2. Business Policy

3. Public System

4. Finance and Accounting

5. Personnel and Industrial Relations

6. Production and Quantitative Methods

7. Organizational Behaviour

8. Information Systems

9. Agriculture

10. Economics

Faculty Development Program (FDP):

This course at IIM Ahmedabad has been designed for researchers, teachers and industrial organizations.

Management Development Programme (MDP) :

The flagship venture was a three tier program (3-TP). Later the institute came up with a list of general management programs (GMPs) and small and medium enterprise programs (SMEP).

IIM Ahmedabad MBA Admissions:

Admission to the much sought post graduate program in the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad hinges on the score of the Common Admission Test (CAT), past academic performance and performance in the interviews and group discussions.

The annual expenses excluding the personal expenditures (travel, clothing and laundry) are about 2,00,000 for Indian students. Every year it admits around 250 students to its MBA programme out of some 100000 applicants. The competition for a seat at IIM A well reflects its importance and popularity.

IIMA Doctoral Programme Admissions

Students from a variety of disciplines come to pursue their research at IIMA. Candidates are selected to the fellow Programme in management (FPM) on the basis of past academic achievements,

motivation and preparation for the programme, letters of recommendation, scores on standard test and personal interview with the faculty.

IIM Ahmedabad Scholarship:

There is a scholarship scheme for those coming from financially underprivileged background. This financial aid is granted to students of PGP/PGP-ABM course. The amount of aid is decided by the following factors:

>> Ownership of parental assets

>> Gross annual income of family

>> Number of dependents

>> 25% students are eligible to get a "merit-cum-means" scholarship, granted by the Government of India. The scholarship amount is Rs 2200 per year. Apart from these several industry sponsored scholarships are also available for the needy students.

IIMA Future Plans:

IIM Ahmedabad intends to broaden its faculty strength by introducing faculty exchange programs.

The total number of seats will be increased by 33%.

It plans to launch many new MDP programs.

The fellowship program will be made available to those coming from less developed nations.

Introduce international participation for various programs.

The institute intends to collaborate with foreign universities to enhance its research program.

IIMA Placements:

Students are recruited by international and national organizations. The corporate interactions during the Placement Week, every year are organized. The top national and international recruiters include,

Deutsche Bank

McKinsey

Lehman Brothers

Bain

BCG

Merrill Lynch

IIM Ahmedabad is ranked among the top business institutes in India and also in the continent.

IIM Ahmedabad Contact Address:

Indian Institute of Management

Vastrapur

Ahmedabad 380 015

India

E-mail:

>> recruitment: recruitment@iimahd.ernet.in

>> Administration Queries: cao@iimahd.ernet.in

>> General Enquiries: director@iimahd.ernet.in , dean@iimahd.ernet.in

>> Admission Queries: admission@iimahd.ernet.in

Phone: 91 79 2630 8357

Fax: 91 79 2630 689

International Kite Festival - Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:32:00 +0530

International Kite Festival is held every year on 14th of January at Ahmedabad to coincide with the festival of Uttarayan or Makar Sankranti. Makar Sankranti is a festival that heralds a change of season marking the movement of the sun into the northern hemisphere - a celebration to mark the end of winter. The skies are blue and clear, a cool breeze blows and a feeling of anticipation and joy grips all who celebrate the occasion.

In Gujarat, Makar Sankranti is celebrated as the kite-flying day. Kite-flying day in Gujarat is an extraordinary day, unlike at other places. Ahmedabad, as a Gujarat's premier city, leads the way in the celebration of Uttarayan, and is the venue of the International Kite Festival.

Kite-flying festival is being held in important cities of Gujarat each year. The festival draws expert kite-makers and flyers not only from cities of India but also from around the world. Designer's Kites of infinite variety are displayed at the venue.

THE BELIEF:

The festival is a time of thanksgiving for the religious, since it marks the awakening of the gods from their long slumber. The gods who are believed to have slumbered for six long months are now awake and the portals of heaven are thrown open. It is also a signal for merry-making. The temples are thronged with visitors and alms are distributed freely.

KITES OF ALL HUES:

From dawn to dusk, people of all ages fly kites rejoicing in the spirit of the day. The blue January sky is enlivened by kites of different colors and hues. Kites soar in the sky, their lines moving as if alive. Crowded rooftops, fun-loving rivalry to outdo each other, and delicious Gujarati feast are the hall-marks of the day.

A tremendous variety of kites are seen with friends, neighbors and total strangers indulging in kite fights. The nights see the arrival of the illuminated box kites, often in a series strung on one line, to be launched into the sky. Known as Tukkals, these kites add a touch of splendour to the dark sky.

THE EXPERT TOUCH:

The festival draws expert kite-makers and flyers not only from cities of India but also from around the world. Special mixtures of glue and ground glass cover the lines with which the kites are flown. Experts specially prepare these lines before the great day. They are dried and rolled onto reels known as 'firkees'. Unless used carefully the strings are sharp enough to cut a finger.

Ahmedabad Emergency Service by EMRI - 108

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:30:00 +0530

The Emergency Management Research Institute's (EMRI) 108 Service for immediate pre-hospitalization healthcare needs is spreading its wings far and wide. Come August, top-notch pre hospitalization emergency care delivered through a fleet of more than 400 ambulances would be made available in all the 26 districts of the state.

The service is currently available in almost all districts in Gujarat including Ahmedabad through the toll free number 108. The pre hospitalization emergency care provided by EMRI is free and the patient is admitted to a hospital of his or her choice.

More than 400 hospitals in the state have partnered with EMRI and have agreed to stabilize the patient brought in, free of charge. Elaborating about the expansion program, Venkat Changavalli, CEO, EMRI said, "From August this year, we will be able to attend to 2,500 emergencies and save 150 lives every day in Gujarat. This has been made possible because of the constant support given to EMRI by the Gujarat Government."

A matter of concern for the EMRI, however, is the high percentage of ineffective calls that are made to the toll free number. Gobind Lulla, executive partner EMRI said, "Ninety-one percent of all calls are ineffective. In other words, they do not concern an emergency. This amounts to about 4,500 calls every day. I urge the people to dial 108 only in case of a genuine emergency and not just to check the number or for fun."

EMRI is a non-profit organization based on the Public Private Partnership (PPP) model with around 95 per cent of its funding coming from the Central and state governments. At present, the service is available in Andhra Pradesh through a fleet of more than 500 ambulances. Launched by Chief Minister Narendra Modi, the service has so far attended to more than 11,000 emergencies, and saved more than a 1,000 lives in Gujarat.

Currently based at the Civil Hospital Sola, EMRI will shift to its new campus by August this year, slated to be set up in the 10 acre site at Kathwada provided by the state government. Changavalli said, "We are trying to ensure that we start our two year post-graduate course in emergency care in association with Stanford University."

Festivals of Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:27:00 +0530

Ahmedabad enjoys a thriving cultural tradition, being the centre of Gujarati cultural activities and diverse traditions of different ethnic and religious communities. Popular festivals that are celebrated with joy include Uttarayan, Navratri, Diwali, Holi, Ganesh Chaturthi, Eid, Christmas etc.

Uttarayan is an annual kite-flying day on 14 January, people use to fly kites for whole day enjoying the sun bath. The nine nights of Navratri are celebrated with people performing Garba which the folk dance of Gujarat. The festival of lights, Diwali is celebrated with the lighting of lamps in every house, the floors are decorated with the rangoli and at night bursting of firecrackers enlightens whole city with light.

Other festivals such as Holi, Ganesh Chaturthi, Gudi Padwa, Eid ul-Fitr and Christmas are celebrated with enthusiasm. The annual Rath Yatra procession on the Ashadh-sud-bij date of the Hindu calendar and the procession of Tajia during the Muslim holy month of Muharram are integral parts of the city's culture.

History of Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:23:00 +0530

According to archeological evidences the history of Ahmedabad inhibit since 11th century AD, when it was known as Ashapalli or Ashaval. The solanki ruler of Patan (formally Anhilwara), karandev I, waged a successful war against king of Ashaval, and established a city called Karnavati located at present time area of Maninagar. During 13th century Karnavati was concurred by Sultanate of Delhi and in 14th century rule of Muzaffarid Destiny got established in Gujarat.

Once while camping near River Sabarmati, Ahmed Shah, saw a rabbit chasing a dog. Getting impressed with this brave act, Ahmed Shah decided to build his new capital close by to Karnavati right on the bank of River Sabarmati, in 1411 AD, and named it as Ahmedabad. In 1487 Mahmud Begada the grandson of Ahmed Shah fortified the city with an outer wall of 10km in circumference and consisting of 12 gates, bastions and over 6,000 battlements.

In 1537 Ahmedabad was conquered by Mughal Emperor Akbar. During these time Ahmedabad became thriving trade center of Emperor, especially in textile which were exported to Europe. Shahjahan, the Mughal Ruler spent the prime time of his life in the city. He also constructed Moti Shahi Mahal in Shahibaug.

In 1758 the Mughals surrendered the city to Marathas. During Marathas governance city lost its past glory and remain the contention of two Maratha Clans i.e. The Peshwa of Poona and Gaekwad of Baroda.

The British East India Company took over the Ahmedabad in 1818 as a part of conquest of India. Company established a military cantonment in 1824 and a municipal government in 1858. In 1864 Ahmedabad became an important junction in trade and traffic between northern and southern India when Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway establish a Railway link between Ahmedabad and Mumbai.

In 1915, during Indian Independence Movement, Mahatma Gandhi established Kochrab Ashram near Paldi and thereafter Satyagrah Ashram (now Sabarmati Ashram) in 1917 on bank of River Sabarmati. Later from Sabarmati Ashram Mahatma Gandhi initiated Satyagrah movement and embarked Dandi Salt March. During the Partition of India and Pakistan the city faced very intense communal violence that broke out between Hindu and Muslims.

On 1st of May 1960 Ahmedabad became Capital of Gujarat state after bifurcation from State of Bombay. During this period large number of educational and research institutes were founded in the city making Ahmedabad a major center for higher education, science and technology. Also Ahmedabad’s economic base was diversified with the establishment of heavy and chemical industries in its vicinity. After 1970 the capital was shifted to Gandhinagar. growth in the next two decades was punctuated by political events in and around the city. In 1974, Ahmedabad occupied the centre stage in national politics with the launch of the Nav Nirman agitation — a protest against a 20% hike in the hostel food fees at the L.D. College of Engineering that snowballed into a mass agitation against general corruption to remove Chimanbhai Patel, then-chief minister of Gujarat. In the 1980s, a reservation policy was introduced in the country, which led to anti-reservation protests in 1981 and 1985. The protests witnessed violent clashes between people belonging to various castes.

On 26th of January 2001 destructive earthquake which was centered near Bhuj measuring around 6.9 in Richter scale struck the city. As many as 50 multistory building collapsed, killing around 1000 of people devastating the city’s infrastructure. Soon after this city faced an very intense communal riots between Hindus and Muslims paralyzing the city for more than a month. In 26th of July 2008 a series of seventeen bomb blasts shocked the city, killing and injuring several peoples.

In recent years with the rise in Indian economy the city has seen tremendous growth in commercial, communication and construction activities. City is withstanding the establishment of scientific and service industries, improvements in transportation and infrastructure, and expansion of information technology. Increasing population of Ahmedabad is resulting in the housing and construction boom in the city.

Image Courtesy
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ahmedabad_BRTS.jpg (BRTS Image)

How to Reach Ahmedabad

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:19:00 +0530

Ahmedabad is situated on western part of India, but being an important Industrial center it is connected to every part by road, rail and air. Reaching to Ahmedabad from any part of India is not at all problematic, as the city is easily accessible from the major cities of India. It has an excellent road and railway network to connect the people staying nearby of far areas from main city. As far as the railway system is concerned, the Ahmedabad railway station, which is more popularly known as the Ahmedabad Junction railway station, serves as the main terminus of the rail transport in the state of Gujarat and western part of India. One can reach to Ahmedabad by following ways.

By Air

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport at Ahmedabad provides adequate air facilities. There are numerous domestic and international airlines that operate flights on a regular basis. Air India, Jet Airways, Kingfisher Airways, etc. operates direct flights to USA, UK, Singapore, Dubai etc. from Ahmedabad. Ahmedabad is also connected to all the major cities like Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore and Chennai, Kolkata, Jaipur, Pune etc. via air.

By Rail

Ahmedabad is very well connected with all major cities of the country like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Pune, Indore, Bhopal, Lucknow, Jaipur, Jabalpur, Hyderabad and Nagpur by train through Indian Railway. Ahmedabad is one of the six operating divisions of Western Railway. Ahmedabad Railway Station which is locally known as Kalupur Railway Station is the main Terminus, other stations include Maninagar, Vatva, Gandhigram, Asarva, Chandlodia, Kali gam, Vastrapur, Sabarmati, Sarkhej, Naroda, Aamli, There are regular trains to important metropolitans like Delhi and Mumbai. There are several superfast trains running between Ahmedabad and Mumbai, the two important commercial metros.

By Road

Ahmedabad has a wide network of roads, the National Highway No. 8 which links Delhi to Mumbai passes through ahmedabad. GSRTC (Gujarat Start Road Transport Service) Provides transport service with other private bus operators to all parts of Gujarat and nearby states for travelers residing in other parts of Gujarat like Vadodra, Gandhinagar, Palitana, Rajkot, and Jamnagar making traveling to Ahmedabad is very convenient by road.

Ahmedabad Climate

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:17:00 +0530

Ahmedabad constitutes Tropical Savanna Climate with main three seasons: summer, monsoon and winter. Aside from monsoon weather mainly remains dry.

In summer i.e. from march to June the weather remains hot and temperature ranges from maximum of 45®C (i.e. 113®F) to minimum of 23®C (73®F).

Monsoon season in Ahmedabad prevails during mid June to mid September with an average rainfall of 93.2 cm (36.7 inches), but sometimes frequent heavy rain causes flood.

From November to February the maximum average temperature is 30®C (85®F) to minimum of15®C (59®F) and the climate remains extremely dry.

Cold winds from north makes the weather mild chill in the month of January. The highest temperature recorded is 47®C (116.6®F) and minimum of 5®C (41®F).

Ahmedabad - Fact File

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:14:00 +0530

Coordinates: 23.03®N, 72.58®E

Country: India

State: Gujarat

District: Ahmedabad

Population: 4,525,013 (2001)

Area: 205 km²
Civic Administration: Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation (AMC)

Height from sea level: 53 m (174 ft)

Regional Language: Gujarati

Literacy : 73.20%

Airport: Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International
Airport. 8 Km from Ahmedabad Railway Station.

Agriculture: Diary products, Food grains, Fruits & Vegetables and Processed food.

Climate: There are typically three main seasons – summer, monsoon and winter.
Summers (March to June)
Winters ( November-February)
Monsoon ( July-September)

Religion: Hinduism is the major Religion observed here. Other religions include Buddhism, Islam, Jainism, Zoroastrianism and Christianity.

Telecommunication: International code: ++91, Local Area code: 079

Ahmedabad - The vibrant city of Gujarat

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 13:12:00 +0530

Ahmedabad, the prosperous and second largest city of western India which is admirably known as the “Manchester of East”, sits elegantly on the banks of river Sabarmati. It was founded by Sultan Ahmed Shah in 1411 to be served as capital of Gujarat Sultanate. Ahmedabad is the administrative capital of Ahmedabad District which served Gujarat State being a capital from 1960 to 1970 and thereafter capital was shifted to Gandhinagar.

Also being a commercial and cultural heart of Gujarat and western India, Ahmedabad is a rising center of India’s economy, education, culture, information technology and scientific industry. This important industrial center is also flourished with lovely lakes, lush gardens, ancient monuments, modern infrastructure, amusement parks etc. Being a center of Gujarat’s cultural activities, diverse tradition and religious communities, Ahmedabad enjoys a vibrant culture traditions.

Ahmedabad became an important center of India’s freedom struggle when Mahatma Gandhi setup Sabarmati Ashram on the bank of river Sabarmati in 1917 and also witnesses several independence movements, protests and nationalist activities.

Today Ahmedabad is contributing the booming India in the textile, pharmacy, medical, education, engineering and information technology sectors.

Install Windows from a USB drive

noreply@blogger.com (M/s. E&I Projects) — Tue, 4 Jan 2011 17:12:00 +0530

Install Windows from a USB drive

One might need to reinstall an operating system from time to time, but the netbooks and ultra-portable laptops gaining popularity today have no optical drives.

What do you do when there is no optical drive in your PC and you want to install a new operating system on it? Before you invest in an external drive, we will tell you about a more cost-effective solution. Why not install Windows XP or Windows Vista from a USB flash drive instead? All you need are the following items:

A desktop or laptop with Windows XP/Vista (according to the OS required to be dumped onto the USB flash drive).

An optical drive in the PC.

The original Windows XP or Vista installation disk.

A 1 GB or 4 GB USB flash drive for Windows XP/Vista respectively.

A software called ‘Komku-SP-usb.exe’ (for the Windows XP part) which can be downloaded from ‘http://download179.mediafire.com/b3tjl6ds2gfg/zlvkwwzmjmt/Komku-SP-usb.exe’.

This step-by-step workshop will be in two phases—Windows Vista and Windows XP.

Installing Windows XP from a USB flash drive

Step 1: Download the software ‘Komku-SP-usb.exe’ from the websites mentioned earlier and execute it. The executable file will extract the necessary utilities to a folder called ‘C:komku’.

Step 2: Once the package has been extracted, go to the folder ‘C:komkuPeToUSB’ using Windows Explorer. Execute the file ‘PeToUSB.exe’. Plug in the USB flash drive and make sure you choose the following (see image below) before clicking the start button. Select ‘USB removable’, ‘Enable Disk Format’, ‘Quick format’, ‘Enable LBA (Fat 16x)’ and finally give the drive a name under ‘Drive Label’. Once it’s done, click start to let the utility format the drive.

Step 3: Next you will need to start the command prompt. Click ‘Start | Run’, type ‘cmd’ and press [Enter]. Then go to the ‘bootsect’ directory by typing the command ‘cd C:komkubootsect’ and pressing [Enter]. Now type the command ‘bootsect /nt52 F:’ and press [Enter]. (The ‘F:’ is the USB flash drive letter represented in ‘My Computer’. Check to verify the drive letter used by your USB flash drive). Let the utility do the needful. Do not exit the Command Prompt yet.

Step 4: Now you will need to change to the directory ‘Usb_Prep8’ by using the command ‘cd C:komkuusb_prep8’ and pressing [Enter]. Here execute the command ‘usb_prep8’ and press [Enter]. Press any key to continue and you will see a welcome screen with a menu appear in the Command Prompt.

Step 5: Now at this stage, you will have to insert the Windows XP installation disk into your optical drive. At the Command Prompt menu, type ‘1’ and press [Enter]. A new popup will appear asking you to choose the location (path) of the Windows installation disk. Select the optical drive and click ‘OK’. Next choose ‘2’ from the menu and change the drive letter to any drive letter which has not been taken. It is drive ‘T:’ by default and you can ignore this step unless you do have a ‘T:’ drive on your computer.

After this, choose ‘3’ from the menu and enter the drive letter of your USB flash drive (in this case it would be ‘F’). Finally choose ‘4’ from the menu and press [Enter]. Wait for a few seconds for the process to complete and you will see a prompt to allow the utility to format the USB flash drive. Type ‘Y’ and then press [Enter] at this stage to let the utility proceed and install the necessary files from the Windows XP installation disk to the USB flash drive. This process will take a few minutes and depends on the speed of the flash drive.

Step 6: After the files are copied, you will see a popup window asking you for permission to copy files from the temp drive to the USB flash drive. Select ‘Yes’.

Step 7: Next there will be another popup window asking you to allow the utility to change the boot drive letter of the USB flash drive from ‘F:’ to ‘U:’. Select ‘Yes’.

Step 8: Finally, after all the processes are complete, you will see yet another popup window asking if you want to unmount the virtual drive. Select ‘Yes’. Exit the Command Prompt now and you will see that your flash drive is ready to install Windows XP to another computer.

To install Windows XP to the computer, you will have to go to the BIOS and enable the option of booting from a USB removable device. This option is usually found under the boot sequence menu of the BIOS. Plug in the USB drive to the computer before you turn it on. Now your computer will boot from the USB flash drive and will be ready to install Windows XP. Follow the necessary steps to install Windows XP and your computer will be up, raring and ready to go and running Windows in no time.

Installing Windows Vista from a USB flash drive

Making a bootable Windows Vista installation USB drive is far simpler than doing so for Windows XP because the utility is built into the operating system and can be deployed from the Command Prompt itself. All you would need is a computer running the Windows Vista operating system, the original Windows Vista installation DVD and at least a 4 GB USB flash drive. Follow the simple steps ahead to make your own Windows Vista bootable USB drive.

Step 1: Start Windows Vista, insert the pen drive into the computer’s USB port. Start Command Prompt, type ‘diskpart’ and press [Enter].

Step 2: Type ‘list disk’ and press [Enter]. Carefully note down the USB flash drive’s disk number listed here. In this case it would be ‘Disk 1’

Step 3: Type ‘Select disk 1’ and press [Enter]. Here the Diskpart utility is instructed to choose the disk 1 as the drive to be worked on.

Step 4: Type ‘Clean’ and press [Enter]. This command clears out all the information of the volumes, partitions, boot sectors and the MBR from the USB flash drive.

Step 5: Type ‘Create partition primary’ and press [Enter]. This command will create a primary partition on the USB flash drive.

Step 6: Type ‘Select partition 1’ and press [Enter]. This command instructs the Diskpart utility to select the newly created partition.

Step 7: Type ‘Active’ and press [Enter]. This command will make the current partition (primary) active to enable the USB flash drive to boot from.

Step 8: Type ‘Format fs=fat32’ and press [Enter]. This command formats the selected drive partition using the FAT32 file system.

Step 9: Type ‘Assign’ and press [Enter]. This command assigns a drive letter to the newly formatted partition. As there is no drive letter specified in the command line, the next available drive letter is assigned to the drive.

Step 10: Exit from the Diskpart utility using the ‘exit’ command and pressing [Enter]. Now insert the Windows Vista DVD in the optical drive and type the command ‘xcopy e:*.* /s /e /f F:’ and press [Enter]. This command will dump all the contents of the Windows Vista DVD onto the USB flash drive. Your USB drive is now ready to install Windows Vista on any computer. Just set the boot sequence in the BIOS of the system to boot from the USB, insert
the USB flash drive into the computers USB port and turn on the computer. Follow the regular installation for Windows Vista.

Note: To know more about the Diskpart utility commands, browse through the URL ‘http://support.microsoft.com/kb/300415’.

Installing Windows XP or Windows Vista from a USB flash drive is much faster as compared to installing from a CD/DVD. A high-speed flash drive would make a difference.