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Manual Testing Interview Questions 2

2011-07-31T07:55:00.000-07:00

Manual Testing interview questions continued from the

Manual Testing Interview Questions

Application developed should fit user’s business process. The components of fit are

a. Data

b. People

c. Structure

d. All of the above

Which is not the responsibility of customer/ user of the software

a. Plan how and by whom each acceptance activity will be performed

b. Prepare the acceptance plan

c. Prepare resource plan

d. Plan resources for providing information on which to base acceptance decisions

In preparation for developing the acceptance criteria, the user should

a. Know the defects in the application

b. Acquire the basic knowledge of the application for which the system is intended

c. Understand the risks and benefits of the development methodology that is to be used in correcting the software system

d. Know new enhancement and basic understanding of how the application is implemented in users organization

QC is

a) Phase building activity

b) Intermediate activity

c) End of Phase activity

d) Design activity

The ______________ is an application of process management and quality improvement concepts to software development and maintenance.

a. Malcolm Baldridge

b. ISO 9000

c. SEI/CMM

d. QS14000

Which is a true prevention mechanism

verifying that the executable contains a defect
detecting that the executable contains a defect
Validating that the specified requirements are right, complete, achievable, reasonable, testable
Verifying that the specified requirements are right, complete, achievable, reasonable, testable

Objective of review meeting is

to identify problems with design
to solve the problems with design
both a and b
none of the above.

What are the Performance Testing Concepts ?

Load Testing Tools

reduces the time spent by the testers
reduces the resources spent (hardware)
mostly used in web testing
all of the above

Identify which one is a load condition

Lost messages
Task starts before its prerequisites are met.
Lost or out of sync messages
Early end of string

State which of the one is false

a. In performance testing, usage of tool is a must

b. In database testing, database knowledge is a must.

c. In Functional Testing, knowledge of business logic is a must

d. none of the above.

Load testing emphasizes on performance under load while stress testing emphasizes on

a. Breaking load

b. Performance under stress

c. Performance under load

d. There is no such difference, both are same

Which of the following is not a form of performance testing?

a. Spike testing

b. Volume testing

c. Transaction testing

d. Endurance testing

Which of the following is not a client side statistics in load testing

a. Hits per second

b. Throughput

c. Cache hit ratio

d. Transaction per second

Feasibility study is more important before load testing

a. Web Applications

b. Client-server applications

c. Mainframe applications
d. Citrix applications

Basic Automation Concept :

Tools usage

very helpful in regression testing
saves time
helpful in simulating Users
all of the above.

The following five tasks are needed to develop, use and maintain Test scripts.

1) Unit scripting

2) Pseudoconcurrency scripting

3) Integration scripting

4) Regression Scripting

5) Stress/Performance Scripting.

What is the scenario in which automation testing can be done:

1) Application is stable

2) Usability testing is to be done

3) The project is short term

4) Long term project having numerous releases

What is the common limitation of automated testing?

They are not useful for performance testing
They cannot be used for requirement validation
It is very difficult for automated scripts to verify a wide range of application responses.
They are not useful when requirements are changing frequently

The extent of automation for a given project is generally guided by

Scope for automation
Tool support
Business Functionality
Vendor’s skills

What are the main attributes of test automation

1. Time saving

2. Correctness

3. Less Manpower

4. More reliable

Some of the common problems of test automation are

Changing requirements
Lack of time
Both a and b
None of the above

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Manual Testing Interview Questions 1

2011-07-30T10:34:00.000-07:00

Manual Testing interview questions continued from the

Manual Testing Interview Questions

What is the need for test planning

a. to utilize a balance of testing techniques

b. to understand testing process

c. to collect metrics

d. to perform ad hoc testing.

Which of the following is NOT a part of Test plan document?

a. assumptions

b. communication approach

c. risk analysis

d. status report

Which part of Test plan will define “what will and will not be covered in the test”?

a. test scope

b. test objective

c. both a & b

d. none of the above

Test objective is simply a testing

a. direction

b. vision

c. mission

d. goal

Which out of the below is NOT a concern for testers to complete a test plan ?

a. not enough training

b. lack of test tools

c. enough time for testing

d. rapid change

The effort taken to create a test plan should be

a. half of the total test effort

b. one-third of the total test efforts

c. two times of the total test effort

d. one-fifth of the total test effort

What do you mean by “Having to say NO”

a. No, the problem is not with testers

b. No, the software is not ready for production

c. Both a & b

d. none of the above

Tools like change Man, Clear case are used as

a. functional automation tools

b. performance testing tools

c. configuration management tools

d. none of the above.

Which is not the Phase of SDLC?

a. Initiation Phase

b. Definition Phase

c. Planning Phase

d. Programming and Training Phase

Comparison of the expected benefit versus the cost of the solution is done in which phase of SDLC

a) Definition Phase

b) Design Phase

c) Initiation Phase

d) Implementation Phase

Who is policy/oversight participant in SDLC?

a. Project Manager

b. Contracting Officer

c. Information Technology Manger

d. Information Resources Management official

Who reviews proposed procurement for sufficiency in the acquisition and installation of the Off-the-Self Software?

a. Sponsor / User

b. Project Manager

c. IT Manger

d. All of the Above

“V” testing process is

a. System development process and system test process begins

b. Testing starts after coding is done

c. Do procedures are followed by Check procedures

d. Testing starts after the prototype is done

Validation is

Execute test
Review code
Desk check
Audit

Which is not in sequence in 11 Step Software Testing process

a. Assess development plan and status

b. Develop the test plan

c. Test software design

d. Test software requirement

Structural testing is

a. Requirements are properly satisfied by the application

b. Uncover errors during “Coding” of the program

c. Functions works properly

d. To test how the business requirements are implemented.

Functional testing is

a. Path testing

b. Technology has been used properly

c. Uncover errors that occurs in implementing requirements.

d. Uncover errors in program unit.

Structural testing is NOT

a. Installation testing

b. Stress testing

c. Recovery testing

d. Compliance testing

Stress testing transaction can be obtained from

a. Test data generators

b. Test transactions created by the test group

c. Transactions previously processed in the production environment

d. All of the above.

Who will assess vulnerability in the system

a. Internal Control Officer

b. System Security Officer

c. QA Engineer

d. Test Manager

What is the structure testing process

a. Parallel

b. Regression

c. Stress

d. Intersystem

Acceptance requirements that a system should meet is

a. Usability

b. Understandability

c. Functionality

d. Enhancements

Testing techniques that can be used in acceptance testing are

a. Structural

b. Functional

c. Usability

d. A and B

e. B and C

For final software acceptance testing, the system should include

a. Delivered software

b. All user documents

c. Final version of other software deliverables

d. All of the above

Acceptance testing means

a. Testing performed on a single stand – alone module or unit of code

b. Testing after changes have been made to ensure that no unwanted changes were introduced

c. Testing to ensure that the system meets the needs of the organization and end user.

d. Users test the application in the developers environment

Acceptance tests are normally conducted by the

a. Developer

b. End users

c. Test team

d. Systems engineers

Which is not test result data

a. Test factors

b. Interface objective

c. Platform

d. Test estimation

What type of test that will be conducted during the execution of tests, which will be based on software requirements. What category of status data I am looking?

a. Test Result

b. Test Transaction

c. Defects

d. Efficiency

Summary (project)status report provides

a. General view of a project

b. General view of all the projects

c. Detailed view of all the projects

d. Detailed information about a project

Project status report provides

a. General view of a project

b. General view of all the projects

c. Detailed view of all the projects

d. Detailed information about a project

What is not the primary data given by the tester in test execution

a. Total number of tests

b. Number of test cases written for change request

c. Number of test executed to date

d. Number of tests executed successfully to date

Do the current project results meet the performance requirements? Which section of Project Status Report I should look for

a. Vital Project Information

b. General Project Information

c. Project Activities Information

d. Essential Elements Information

Which is a section of Summary status report

a. Vital project information

b. Essential elements information

c. Project activities information

d. Time Line information

Test Result data is

a. Test Transactions

b. Test events

c. Business Objectives

d. Reviews

What type of efficiency can be evaluated during testing?

a. Software system

b. Testing

c. Development

d. A and C

e. A and B

What is the purpose of code coverage tools?

a. They are used to show the extent to which the logic in the program was executed during testing.

b. They are used as an alternative to testing

c. They are used to compile the program

Four examples of test specific metrics.

a. Testing Effort variation, Defect Density, Testing Efficiency, Requirements tested.

b. Inspection, review efficiency, Testing Effort variation, Defect Density

c. Test scalability, Defect deviation, Testing Efficiency, Schedule variation

Give one commonly recognized size measurement tool.

a. Effort analysis

b. LCO Analysis

c. LOC Analysis

d. Code Analysis

Give three components included in a system test report.

a. Description of Testing; resource requirement; and Recommendation

b. Testing requirements; defects; and usability

c. Description of test results and findings (defects); Summary (environment and references); and Recommendation

Non Statistical tools are used in the

Work Practice process
Benchmarking process
Both A and B
None of the above

Quality Function deployment (QFD) is a

a. Statistical tool

b. Non statistical tool

c. Development tool

d. None of the above

The Sequence of the four Phases involved in Bench marking process is

a. Action, Planning, Integration, Analysis

b. Planning, Analysis, Integration, Action

c. Analysis, Planning, Integration, Action

d. Analysis, Action, Planning, Integration

Defect Density is calculated by

a. Total no. of Defects/ Effort

b. Valid Defects/ Total no. of Defect

c. Invalid Defects/ Valid Defects

d. Valid Defects/ Effort

Effort Variation is calculated by

a. (Planned – Actual)/ Actual

b. (Actual – Planned) / Actual

c. (Actual – Planned) / Planned

d. (Planned – Actual)/ Planned

Percentage Rework is calculated by

a. (Review effort + rework effort)/ Actual Effort expended

b. (Review effort - rework effort)/ Actual Effort expended

c. Rework Effort / Planned Effort

d. Rework Effort / Actual Effort expended

A quantitative measurement used to determine the test completion is

a. Defect measurement

b. Requirements coverage

c. Statistical Analysis

The categories of Error Oriented Techniques are

a) Statistical assessment and Error-based testing

b) Error-based testing and Fault based testing.

c) Fault based testing and Statistical assessment

d) Statistical assessment, Error-based testing and Fault based testing.

The following factors should be considered for the Test Tool selection

1. Test Phase

2. Test Objective

3. Test Technique

4. Test Deliverable

Equivalence partitioning consists of various activities:

a). Ensure that test cases test each input and output equivalence class at least once

b). Identify all inputs and all outputs

c). Identify equivalence classes for each input

d). All of the above

It’s an unfair test to perform stress testing at the same time you perform load testing

a) True

b) False

Verification activities during design stages are

a) Reviewing and Inspecting

b) Inspecting and Testing

c) Reviewing and Testing

d) Reviewing, Inspecting and Testing.

Testing, which is carried out using no recognized test case design

a) Failure Testing

b) Adhoc Testing

c) Exhaustive Testing

d) Empty test case Testing

A test case design technique for a component in which test cases are designed to execute statements is called as ?

a) State transition Testing

b) Static Testing

c) Transition testing

d) Statement testing

For more on Interview questions on Software Manual testing

Manual Testing Interview Questions In Software Testing

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Software Testing Interview Questions

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Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 4

2011-07-28T18:13:00.000-07:00

Common SQL Queries Interview Questions :

10. SQL CREATE VIEW Syntax

CREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition

11. To find all of the employees whose first name does not start with 'M' or 'A', we would write

SELECT EmployeeID, FirstName, LastName, HireDate, City FROM Employees

WHERE (FirstName NOT LIKE 'M%') AND (FirstName NOT LIKE 'A%')

12.Find the wine(s) sold for the highest

Sells(bar, wine, price)

SELECT wine

FROM Sells

WHERE price >= ALL(

SELECT price

FROM Sells

);

wines(name, manf)

13.Find the wines that are the unique wine by their manufacturer
SELECT nameFROM wines w1

WHERE NOT EXISTS(

SELECT *

FROM wines

WHERE manf = w1.manf AND

name <> w1.name

);

14.Find the name and manufacturer of wines that  James like

wines (name, manf) Likes(drinker, wine)

SELECT *

FROM wines

WHERE name IN

(SELECT wine

FROM Likes

WHERE drinker = ‘James’

);

15.Find bars that serve Mike at the same price James

charges for Bille.

Sells(bar, wine, price)

SELECT bar

FROM Sells

WHERE wine = 'Mike' AND

price =

(SELECT price

FROM Sells

WHERE bar = 'James''s Bar' AND

wine = 'Bille'

);


16.Find pairs of wines by the same manufacturer.

Wines(name, manf)

SELECT w1.name, w2.name

FROM Wines w1, Wines w2

WHERE w1.manf = w2.manf AND

w1.name < w2.name;

17.Find the wines that the frequenters of James’s Bar

like.

Likes(drinker, wine)

Frequents(drinker, bar)

SELECT wine

FROM Frequents, Likes

WHERE bar = 'James''s Bar' AND

Frequents.drinker = Likes.drinker;

18.Find drinkers whose phone has exchange 555.

Drinkers(name, addr, phone)

SELECT name

FROM Drinkers

WHERE phone LIKE '%555- ';

19.Find the price James's Bar charges for Bille.

Sells(bar, wine, price)

SELECT price

FROM Sells

WHERE bar = 'James''s Bar' AND wine = 'Bille';


20. How to find out the 10th highest salary in SQL query?

Table - Tbl_Test_Salary 
Column - int_salary

select max(int_salary) 
from Tbl_Test_Salary 
where int_salary in(select top 10 int_Salary from Tbl_Test_Salary order by int_salary)

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Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 1

Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 2

Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 3
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Common Sql Queries Interview Questions - 3

2011-07-25T22:14:00.001-07:00

Common SQL Queries Interview Questions :

1. Determine the name sex and age of the oldest student.
SELECT Name, Gender, (CURRENT_DATE-Dtnaiss)/365 AS Age
FROM Student
WHERE (CURRENT_DATE-Dtnaiss) /365 =
( SELECT MAX(( CURRENT_DATE-Dtnaiss) /365) FROM Student);

2. Display the marks of the student number 1 which are equal to the marks of the student number 2.
SELECT Note
FROM NOTES
WHERE Num=1 AND Note IN
(SELECT Note FROM NOTES WHERE Num=2);

3. Finding the names of everybody who works in the same department as a person called James

SELECT name FROM emp WHERE dept_no =
(SELECT dept_no FROM emp WHERE name = 'James')
or as a join statement, like this:-
SELECT e1.name FROM emp e1,emp e2
WHERE e1.dept_no = e2.dept_no AND e2name = 'James'

4. The SQL statement to find the departments that have employees with a salary higher than the average employee salary

SELECT name FROM dept

WHERE id IN
     (
      SELECT dept_id FROM emp
      WHERE sal >
          (SELECT avg(sal)FROM emp)
     )

5. Write the SQL to use a sub query which will not return any rows - when just the table structure is required and not any of the data.

CREATE TABLE new_table AS

SELECT * from table_orig WHERE 1=0;
The sub query returns no data but does return the column names and data types to the 'create table' statement.

6. How do you find the Second highest Salary?

SELECT MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEE WHERE SALARY NOT IN (SELECT MAX(SALARY) FROM EMPLOYEE)

7. Finding duplicates in a table

SELECT name, COUNT (name) AS NumOccurrences FROM users

GROUP BY email HAVING (COUNT (name) > 1)

You could also use this technique to find rows that occur exactly once:

SELECT name FROM users GROUP BY name HAVING (COUNT (name) = 1)

8.While deleting a row from the database,i need to check based upon the Name of the Employee and The Employee Number. How to give 2 Conditions in an SQL Query ?

 "DELETE FROM Employees WHERE Emp_Name='" & Txt_Name.Text.Trim & "'

AND Emp_Number= '" & Txt_Empno.Text.Trim & "'"

 9. Common SQL Syntax used in database interaction

9a. Select Statement
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name"

9b. Distinct
SELECT DISTINCT "column_name" FROM "table_name"

9c. Where
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name" WHERE "condition"

9d. And/Or
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name" WHERE "simple condition" {[AND|OR] "simple condition"}+

9e. In
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name" WHERE "column_name" IN ('value1', 'value2', ...)

9f. Between
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name" WHERE "column_name" BETWEEN 'value1' AND 'value2'

9g. Like
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name" WHERE "column_name" LIKE {PATTERN}

9h. Order By
SELECT "column_name" FROM "table_name" [WHERE "condition"] ORDER BY "column_name" [ASC, DESC]

9i. Count
SELECT COUNT("column_name") FROM "table_name"

9j. Group By
SELECT "column_name1", SUM("column_name2") FROM "table_name" GROUP BY "column_name1"

9k. Having
SELECT "column_name1", SUM("column_name2") FROM "table_name" GROUP BY "column_name1" HAVING (arithematic function condition)

9l. Create Table Statement
CREATE TABLE "table_name" ("column 1" "data_type_for_column_1","column 2" "data_type_for_column_2",…)

9m. Drop Table Statement
DROP TABLE "table_name"

9n. Truncate Table Statement
TRUNCATE TABLE "table_name"

9m. Insert Into Statement
INSERT INTO "table_name" ("column1", "column2", ...) VALUES ("value1", "value2", ...)

9o. Update Statement
UPDATE "table_name" SET "column_1" = [new value] WHERE {condition}

9p. Delete From Statement
DELETE FROM "table_name" WHERE {condition}

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Risk Concepts in Testing

2011-07-24T01:20:00.000-07:00

What are the basic Risk Concepts Involved in Testing :

What is Risk analysis?

a. Evaluating risks

b. Evaluating Controls

c. Evaluating vulnerabilities

d. All of the above

Major component of Risk Analysis are

a. The probability that the negative event will occur

b. The potential loss is very high

c. The potential loss or impact associated with the event.

d. A and C.

Method of conducting Risk Analysis is

a. User your judgment

b. User your instinct

c. Cost of failure

d. All of the above

Which is not Testing Risk.

a. Budget

b. Number of qualified test resources

c. Sequence and increments of code delivery

d. Inadequately tested applications

If abnormal termination type X occurs 100 times per year, and the loss per occurrence is $500, then the loss associated with the risk is $50,000. What methods of measuring the magnitude of risk I am using?

a. Judgment

b. Annual loss expectation estimation

c. Risk Formula

d. Consensus

What is Cascading error?

a. Unrelated errors

b. Triggers a second unrelated error in another part

c. A functionality could not be tested

d. Two similar errors

Configuration defects will be introduced if

a. Environment is not stable

b. Environment does not mirror test environment

c. Environment does not mirror production environment

d. All of the above

Quality Risk is

a. Requirement comply with methodology

b. Incorrect result will be produced

c. Result of the system are unreliable

d. Complex technology used.

Risk control objectives are established in

a. Design phase

b. Requirement Phase

c. Testing Phase

d. Implementation Phase

Which of the following is not Risk characteristic

a. Inherent in every project

b. Neither intrinsically good not bad

c. Something to fear but not something to manage

d. Probability of loss

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Quality Management Concepts In Testing

2011-07-23T01:15:00.000-07:00

What are the basic Quality Management Concepts Involved in Manual/Automation Testing ?

Review is what category of cost of quality ?

a. Preventive

b. Appraisal

c. Failure

The largest cost of quality is from production failure

a. True

b. False

Juran is famous for

a. Quality Control

b. Working on Trend Analysis

c. Pareto

d. Fish Bone Diagram

Metrics collected during testing includes

a. System test cases planned/executed/passed

b. Discrepancies reported/resolved

c. Staff hours

d. All of the above

Cost of quality is

a. Prevention costs

b. Appraisal costs

c. Failure costs

d. All of the above

Which of the following metrics involves defects reported by client

a. Test efficiency

b. Test effectiveness

c. Test Coverage

d. None of the above

What is the verification process in software development?

a. The probability that undesirable things will happen such as loss of human life or large financial losses

b. The process of monitoring the software to ensure full compliance with established standards and procedures

c. The process of trying to discover every conceivable fault or weakness in a work product

d. The process of evaluating a system or component to determine whether or not the products of a given development phase satisfy the conditions imposed at the start of that phase

e. The process of evaluating a system or component during or at the end of the sales process to determine whether or not it satisfies specified requirements.

Detecting a defect at which of the following stage is most economical ?

a. Design

b. Build

c. Testing

d. Deployment

Most imprecise definition for quality is

a. Fitness for use

b. Meeting customer’s expectations

c. Completeness of requirements

d. Efficient and effective product

Test efficiency is always directly proportional to

a. Product Delivery

b. Functional Coverage

c. Product Reliability

d. Product Cost

If Quality Control and Quality Assurance are compared

a. Both are literally the same

b. QA is a higher activity in the management Hierarchy

c. QC ia a higher activity in the management Hierarchy

d. QA is done by the client and QC is done by the software vendor

Some of the metrics which are collected in a testing project are

a. Productivity

b. Test effectiveness

c. Requirement stability

d. Bug fix rate

Baseline means

a. A single software product that may or may not fully support a business function

b. A quantitative measure of the current level of performance

c. A test or analysis conducted after an application is moved into production

d. None of the above

What is used to measure the characteristics of the documentation and code?

a. Process metrics

b. Product metrics

c. Software Quality metrics

d. None of the above

Benchmarking is

a. Comparing your company’s products services or processes against best practices or competitive

practices to help define superior performance of a product service or support process.

b. A quantitative measure of the current level of performance

c. A test or analysis conducted after an application is moved into production

d. None of the above

Who is essentially responsible for the quality of a product?

a. Customer

b. QA Manager

c. Development Manager

What are the 3 costs that make up the Cost of Quality?

a. Prevention, Appraisal, Failure

b. Appraisal, Development, Testing

c. Testing, Prevention, rework

What are expected production costs?

a. labor, materials, and equipment

b. personnel, training, and rollout

c. training, testing, user-acceptance

Appraisal costs are

a. Costs associated with preventing errors

b. Costs associated with detection of errors

c. Costs associated with defective products delivered to customers

An example of a Failure Cost is

a. Training

b. Inspections

c. Rework

If you could build a 0 defect product, would there be any costs involved? If yes, what costs?

a. Preventive costs, but they are minimally involved

b. No costs will be involved

c. Failure costs

How many Deming principles are there?

a. 10

b. 14

c. 5

d. 7

How many levels are in the CMM ?

a. 18

b. 3

c. 4

d. 5

The Pareto analysis is most effective for

a. Ranking items by importance

b. Showing relationships between items

c. Measuring the impact of identified items

80:20 rule can also be called as

a. Fish bone diagram

b. Pareto analysis

c. Scatter diagram

d. Histogram

Review is one of the methods of V&V. The other methods are

a. Inspection

b. Walkthrough

c. Testing

d. All of the above

Test data planning essentially includes

a. Network

b. Operational Model

c. Boundary value analysis

d. Test Procedure Planning

The selection of test cases for regression testing

a. Requires knowledge on the bug fixes and how it affect the system

b. Includes the area of frequent defects

c. Includes the area which has undergone many/recent code changes

d. All of the above

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Testing Execution Concepts In Testing 1

2011-07-19T07:58:00.000-07:00

Test Execution Concepts in Testing continued from : Testing Execution Concepts In Testing

What are the four attributes to be present in any test problem?

Statement, criteria, effect and cause
Priority, fix, schedule and report
Satement, fix effect and report
None of the above

Choose the best match for cyclomatic complexity

a. The number of decision statements plus one.

b. A set of Boolean conditions such that complete test sets for the conditions uncover the same errors

c. The process of analyzing and correcting syntactic logic and other errors identified during testing

d. None of the above

System Testing team is responsible for

Performing the data validations
Performing the Usability Testing
Performing the Beta Testing
None of the above

Localization Testing

Testing performed for local functions
Testing across different languages
Testing across different locations
None of the above

Object Oriented Testing

Same as Top-Down Testing
Same as Bottom – Up Testing
Same as Hybrid Testing
All of the above

Test Script

written version of test cases.
Code used in manual testing
Always Used when we use tools
A code segment to replace the test case

Manual Testing

at least performed one time
need to be executed before going for automation
both a and b
neither a or b

Which of the following technique is the most suitable for negative testing

a) Boundary value analysis

b) Internal value analysis

c) State transition testing

d) All of the above

How do you test a module for integration?

a. Big bang approach

b. Pareto analysis

c. Cause and Effect diagram

d. Scatter diagram

From a testing perspective, what results in the clicking of a button?

a. An interface event

b. A sound

c. A text item

d. A bio-metric event

e. An internal processing event

Testing responsibilities:

Tester A – Verify that the program is able to display images clearly on all 10 of the monitors in the lab

Tester B - Make sure the program instructions are easy to use Security concerns are important for which type of applications

Tester C – Verify that the calculation module works correctly by using both scripts and ad hoc testing. Which term is used to refer to the testing that is performed by Tester 3 in the above scenario?

a. Unit testing

b. Algorithm specific testing

c. Compatibility testing

d. Black box testing

Which type of test would you perform to accept a build

a. Beta test

b. Smoke test

c. Functional test

d. User acceptance test

Which type of test would you perform to release a product onto production environment

a. Sanity test

b. Smoke test

c. Functional test

d. User acceptance test

If the application is complex, but NOT data intensive and is to be tested on one configuration and 2 rounds, the easiest method to test is

a. Manual testing

b. Automation testing

c. Both

d. None

System testing include all the following except

a. Performance services

b. Security services

c. Usability services

d. Monitoring services

Compatibility testing for products involves all the following except

a. Certified and supported client environments

b. High and low level sanity testing

c. Client and server side compatibility

d. Functional and non-functional compatibility

Regression testing mainly helps in

a. Retesting fixed defects

b. Checking for side-effects of fixes

c. Checking the core gaps

d. Ensuring high level sanity

Per economics of testing – optimum test is suggested because

a. Number of defects decrease along with extent of testing

b. Number of defects increase along with extent of testing

c. Cost of testing increases with the extent of testing

d. Cost of testing increases with the number of defects

In a V-model of software testing, UAT plans are prepared during the

a. Analysis phase

b. HLD phase

c. LLD phase

d. System Testing phase

What are the key features to be concentrated upon when doing a testing for world wide web sites

a. Interaction between html pages

b. Performance on the client side

c. Security aspects

d. All of the above

Test Suit Manager

a. A tool that specifies an order of actions that should be performed during a test session

b. A software package that creates test transactions for testing application systems and programs

c. A tool that allows testers to organize test scripts by function or other grouping

d. None of the above

A document describing any event during the testing process that requires investigation

a. Test log

b. Test Incident report

c. Test Cycle

d. Test Item

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Testing Execution Concepts In Testing

2011-07-18T22:16:00.001-07:00

What are the Testing Execution Concepts

One technique of Black Box testing is Equivalence Partitioning. In a program statement that accepts only one choice from among 10 possible choices, numbered 1 through 10, the middle partition would be from _____ to _____

a. 4 to 6

b. 0 to 10

c. 1 to 10

d. None of the above

Security concerns are important for which type of applications

A product advertisement website
A requirements tracking database
An e-commerce web site
An employment application

How can it be known when to stop testing

a. When no more bugs can be found

b. When the time allocated is over

c. When the quality goals set up for testing have been achieved

d. All of the above

In Life cycle approach to testing, test execution occurs

a. during testing phase

b. during requirement phase

c. during coding phase

d. none of the above.

Who is responsible for conducting test readiness review?

a. Test manager

b. Test engineer

c. both A & B

d. Project Manager

What is NOT a test log?

a. Maps the test results to requirements

b. Records test activities

c. Maintains control over the test

d. Contains pass or fail results.

When Integration testing should begin

a. during black-box testing

b. once unit testing is complete for the integrating components

c. Before unit testing is complete

d. All of the above

Which is NOT a part of integration testing

a. Validation of the links between the clients and server

b. Output interface file accuracy

c. back-out situations

d. none of the above.

When to stop testing?

a. When all quality goals defined at the start of the project have been met.

b. When running short of time

c. When all test cases are executed

d. all the above

Authorization _________

a. compliance testing

b. disaster testing

c. verifying compliance to rules

d. functional testing

e. ease of operations

File Integrity falls under

a. compliance testing

b. disaster testing

c. verifying compliance to rules

d. functional testing

e. ease of operations

Operations testing is

a. compliance testing

b. disaster testing

c. verifying compliance to rules

d. functional testing

e. ease of operations

Security falls under

a. compliance testing

b. disaster testing

c. verifying compliance to rules

d. functional testing

e. ease of operations

Portability falls under

compliance testing
disaster testing
verifying compliance to rules
functional testing
ease of operations

The purpose of this event is to review the application user interface and other human factors of the application with the people who will be using the application.

a. User Acceptance test

b. Usability test

c. Validation

d. None of the above

Recovery testing is a system test that forces the software to fail and verifies that data recovery is properly performed. The following should be checked for correctness

a. Re-initialization

b. Restart

c. Data Recovery

d. Check Point Mechanism

Test Execution Concepts Continued at Testing Execution Concepts In Testing

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Multiple Iteration Data Driven Code Ui Testing

2011-07-13T22:13:00.001-07:00

How to Data driving a Test project in Visual Studio Using Coded Ui Testing for multiple Couded Ui Class files for varying iterations:

For long this has been a debatable issue as to how we can unleash the data driving functionality in the Automation Testing that needs to be done in the Visual Studio tool using its Test project feature. We utilize the Coded Ui Test approach for functional automation testing to achieve the same. With initial hiccups always going to ramp down the confidence one can repose in a tool, I am sure that with experience and devoted mindset the same can be overcome and the great quality this tool has in it can be leveraged with slight knowledge of the usage of the hierarchy available therein.

We already have gone through the tool basics on how it does object recognition and how it undergoes the test effort automatically , but when it comes to take the data drving approach we might just encounter some hiccups as has been outlined by some of my colleagues in the IT industry with tons of mail shooting into my inbox on their inability to do the data driving for the test projects. The error they complain or more clinically speaking the shortcoming the tool has in it is that when we need to data drive the test file wherein separate Coded ui Class file has separate number of iterations to be undergone, the Coded Ui Test approach does not meet the expectation of the automation gurus in the IT sector !

How good that holds is for all of us to take a call on but as a matter of fact the approach that we try to adopt in data driving our test files need to be addressed first and that might just provide a necessary resolution of the problems that we encounter.

As has been provided at the below link [ Mahe's mail ]http://www.articlesontesting.com/2011/07/issues-in-visual-studio-coded-ui.html the issue is simple . The Test project created by the user has in it three Coded Ui Test files addressing three different business scenarios, and the business requirement that needs to be addressed is that the three different coded ui Test files need to iterate different number of times. The below description is definitely going to clear the cloud on this.

Three business scenarios are as under :

1. One being the Login Scenario

2. Second being the business requiremenmt such as doing some search event/transaction.

3. Third being the Log Out Scenario.

The traditional approach we have been following is have a single data file with all data in it. The same can be adopted with this set of scenarios as well, but it definitely will involve some degree of coding and technical skills which we can avoid by transforming our approach to test the same.

Have one data sheet file in csv format for the Login Scenario.

Have one data sheet file in csv format for the search event.

Third scenario is definitely not dependent on data set up.

But one general issue that would be pondered upon is how to run all the three in unison .

This has a solution in the following approach . Just add an ordered test file by using the following link.

And then call them in the order the business requirement is. First Login Coded ui test file, then Search Coded uI test file and then finally log out Coded Ui test file.

The business runs smooth and also the effort and expertise you need to implement the same is very less .

That indeed is quite a good degree of ROI.

Testing Artifacts In Testing

2011-07-11T22:05:00.001-07:00

What are the basic Testing Artifacts Concepts :

Deliverables of test design phase include all the following except

a. Test data

b. Test data plan

c. Test summary report

d. Test procedure plan

Which of the following is not decided in the test-planning phase?

a. Schedules and deliverables

b. Hardware and software

c. Entry and exit criteria

d. Types of test cases

Test design mainly emphasizes all the following except

a. Data planning

b. Test procedures planning

c. Mapping the data and test cases

d. Data synchronization

As a tester, what is your main objective in reviewing a requirement document?

a. To ascertain that each requirement is traceable to a business need

b. To ascertain that each requirement is both testable and uniquely identifiable

c. To ascertain that each requirement is traceable to a business need, testable, and uniquely identifiable

d. To ascertain that each requirement is uniquely identifiable

Test cases need to be written for

invalid and unexpected conditions
valid and expected conditions
both a and b
none of these

Path coverage includes

statement coverage
condition coverage
decision coverage
none of these

Characteristic of a good test

reasonable probability of catching an error and can be redundant
It is not simple or too complex
reasonable probability of catching an error and cannot be redundant
It is either simple or too complex

Find the Equivalence class for the following test case Enter a number to test the validity of being accepting the numbers between 1 and 99

All numbers < 1
All numbers > 99
Number = 0
All numbers between 1 and 99

Find the invalid equivalence class for the following test case

Draw a line up to the length of 4 inches

Line with 1 dot-width
Curve
line with 4 inches
none of the above

Sources of regression test cases are

boundary tests and other preplanned tests.
Tests that reveal bugs in the program
Customer reported bugs
All of the above

Testing Process comprised of

Test Plan and Test Cases
Test log and Test Status
Defect Tracking
All of the above

Test Plan

Road map for testing
Tells about the actual results and expected results
Both a and b
None of the above

Test Procedure

collection of test plans
combination of test plan and test cases
collection of test cases
none of the above

Coverage based analysis is best described as:

a. A metric used to show the logic covered during a test session providing insight to the extent of testing.

b. A tool for documenting the unique combinations of conditions and associated results in order to derive unique test cases for validation testing.

c. Tools for documenting defects as they are found during testing and for tracking their status through to resolution.

d. The most traditional means for analyzing a system or a program

Suggest an alternative for requirement traceability matrix

a. Test Coverage matrix

b. Average defect aging

c. Test Effectiveness

d. Error discovery rate

A test plan defines

a. What is selected for testing

b. Objectives and results

c. Expected results

d. Targets and misses

Test planning should begin

a. At the same time that requirement definitions begins

b. When building starts

c. When code build is complete

d. After shipping the first version

The following defines the statement of what the tester is expected to accomplish or validate during testing activity

a. Test scope

b. Test objective

c. Test environment

d. None of the above

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Issues in Visual Studio Coded ui Automation Testing

2011-07-07T19:23:00.000-07:00

I received a mail from one of my colleagues in the automation testing arena who is using Coded Ui test project of the Visual Studio to automate some features. Below is the mail I recieved, and I shall be replying to the issues specified here itslef, so that the more audience can acquaint themselves with this issues in Coded Ui automation.

Mail :
Hi Viplav,
I am using VSTS2010 for automating a search functionality in my application. I recorded three coded UI test for-

a) Login- CodedUItest
b) Policy Search using some search criteria & then editing a policy selecting from search results- CodedUItest
c) Logout- CodedUItest

Thereafter I called login & logout functions from Search codedUITest.cs

I also have parameterized search criteria values (PolicyNumber, Policystatus etc) from excel sheet (Used AppConfig for excel data connection).

I have 4 data rows in my input data sheet (to parameterize search criteria at the rum time).

Issue 1- Now what is Currently happening is- That my coded UITest runs , it does login, perform policy search and edit policy & then gets logout for each and every interation i.e for each data row, causing Opening of multiple browser instances.

My expectation :
            What I want to implement is just one login & one logout. So that-
            a)users logins
            b)Perform search for all iterations, edit policy
           c)Go back to main page, Repeat steps a-c for all iterations
            d) then log out

Comments : A very geniuinely valid point raised by you Mahesh. Would definitely provide resolution to the same.

Issue2- The second issue happening with all the iterations is that even after my script has executed for all data rows,It keeps on running and opening browser instances taking parametrized values as blank.

My expectation :

Ideally it should stops once test is executed for all data rows, When it found no search criteria that is empty cells it should stop running.
Here i need help, If we can implement some End of Row (EOR) in scripts, As soon as scripts finds EOR it should stop execution.

Comments : Would definitely provide its resolution.

Issue 3- This issue is related to issue 3, as multiple browser instances are opening. I need some way to close them as soon as test completes for all iterations, better if they get closed after every iteration. I know we can use KILL IE function but I have to give control back to the interface where from I have invoked the scripts that is opened in IE browser. If I apply Kill IE function after all iterations are done, Interface brwoser gets closed as well.

Need you support in all this issues. Please guide.
I really appreciate any help in this regard.

Regards,
Mahendra.

Hi Mahendra,

I would be giving resolution to these three issues in the below comment chain one at a time. Do stay posted.

- Viplav Anand

The better approach is available here to address the business scenario handling :http://www.articlesontesting.com/2011/07/multiple-iteration-data-driven-code-ui.html

What are the basic Defect Management Concepts

2011-07-04T21:54:00.001-07:00

What are the basic Defect Management Concepts :

The term "defect" is related to the term "fault" because a "fault" is a defect, which has not yet been identified.

a) True

b) False

Defect Tracking

a. is the communication channel between test team and development team

b. is the communication channel between testing team and the rest of the team

c. is the communication channel between the testing team and end users

d. all of the above

The following best describes the defect density :

a. ratio of failure reports received per unit of time.

b. ratio of discovered errors per size of code.

c. number of modifications made per size of code.

d. number of failures reported against the code.

What can be done to minimize the reoccurrence of defects

a. Defect Prevention plan

b. Defect tracking

c. Defect Management

d. All of the above

Which one of the following need not be part of the bug tracker ?

a. Bug identifier

b. One line bug description

c. Severity of the bug

d. None of the above

Which of the following approach needs to be taken if there are a large number of defects being found in the software?

1. Try continuing testing and logging the critical defects.

2. Immediately stop testing the product

3. Inform the lead/Manager providing proper documentation

4. Continue testing in the normal manner

a. 1 and 3

Most common cause of defects is

a. Failure to estimate

b. Failure to asses risks

c. Ambiguous or incomplete requirements

d. Weak communication

_____________ is monitoring defects from the time of recording until satisfactory resolution has been determined.

a. Quality Measurement

b. Defect Measurement

c. Defect Tracking

d. None of the above

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What Are Basic Test Management Concepts 2

2011-07-04T21:53:00.001-07:00

Continued from Basic Test Management Concepts

What if the application has functionality that wasn't in the requirements?

a. Ignore testing that functionality

b. Continue to test the functionality and report the results

c. Update the Project Manager with the details and the risk involved

d. None of the above

What if the project isn't big enough to justify extensive testing?

a. Use risk based analysis to find out which areas need to be tested

b. Use automation tool for testing

c. a and b

d. None of the above

What qualities must an individual possess to test effectively a software application (Test Management)

a. Good Communication Skill

b. Good Error Guessing

c. Good Analytical Skill

d. All of the above

Defects are least costly as what stage of Development cycle.

a. Analysis & Design

b. Construction

c. Requirements

d. Implementation

This testing is a mechanism that simulates problems in the original environment so that an alternative-processing environment can be tested.

a. Disaster testing

b. Functional testing

c. Regression testing

d. Compliance Testing

Status Reports in Test Director can be generated using ------------

a. Document Viewer

b. Document Generator

c. Document Tracker

d. None of the Above

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What are the basic Test Management Concepts

2011-07-04T21:52:00.001-07:00

What are the basic Test Management Concepts :

Essential Testing Skills are

Test Planning, Risk Management, Tool Usage, Test Execution, Defect Management
Test Planning, Tool Usage, Test Execution, Defect Management, Test Measurement
Test Planning, Tool Usage, Test Execution, Defect Management
Test Planning, Tool Usage, Test Execution, Defect Management, Test case Design

State which one is true. Collection of testing metrics contributes

in the improvement of testing
Affects tester's growth.
Used against a developer
None

What is the use of affinity Diagram ?

A group process that takes large amounts of language data such as a list developed by brainstorming and divides it into categories
or analysis conducted after an application is moved into production to determine whether it is likely to meet the originating business case.
A test method that requires that each possible branch on each decision point be executed at least once.
None of the above

What needs to be done when there is an insufficient time for testing

Do Ad-hoc testing
Do usability testing
Do sanity testing
Do a risk based analysis to prioritize

3 & 4

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be used during software maintenance?

a. Project management plan.

b. Customer support hot line.

c. Software problem reports.

d. Change control board.

Which of the following reviews are required in order to ensure proper tracking of software between phases of a project?

a. Product feasibility

b. Software requirements

c. Software design

d. Acceptance test

What can be done if requirements are changing continuously?

a. Work with the project's stakeholders early on to understand how requirements might change so that alternate test plans and strategies can be worked out in advance, if possible.

b. Negotiate to allow only easily-implemented new requirements into the project, while moving more difficult new requirements into future versions of the application

c. Both a and b

d. None of the above

Risk analysis talks about

a. The data required for testing, the infrastructure requirements to manage the data as well as the methods for preparing test data, requirements, converters and sources

b. Details what types of tests must be conducted, what stages of testing are required and outlines the sequence and timing of tests

c. A testing goal. It is a statement of what the tester is expected to accomplish or validate during a testing activity. These guide the development of test cases and procedures

d. None of the above

What are the 2 major components taken into consideration with risk analysis?

The probability the negative event will occur
The potential loss or impact associated with the event
Both a and b
Neither a nor b

Following are some of the testing risks

a. Budget, Test environment

b. Budget, Number of qualified test resources

c. Budget, Number of qualified test resources, Test environment

d. None of the above

Test effort estimation uses which of the following techniques

a. Function point method

b. Test case point method

c. Use case point method

d. All of the above

Function points are used for estimating

a. Size

b. Effort

c. Cost

d. None of the above

Size of a project is defined in terms of all the following except

a. Person days

b. Person hours

c. Calendar months

d. None of the above

Evaluating business importance and testing the core business cases in an application is called

a. Risk based testing

b. High level sanity testing

c. Low level sanity testing

d. Regression testing

Continued at Basic Test Management Concepts

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What are the Basic Testing Concepts 2

2011-06-27T07:14:00.000-07:00

Some Basic Concepts on Testing Continued from :
What Are Basic Testing Concepts

Unit, Integration and System testing being replaced by ________ using object oriented software testing concepts

a. classing testing, Object Integration testing, System testing

b. Statement coverage, Branch coverage , Condition coverage

c. All of the above

d. None of the above

What is the relationship between equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis techniques

a. Structural testing

b. Opaque testing

c. Compatibility testing

d. All of the above

Which statement is relevant for test driver

a) A program that directs the execution of another program against a collection of test data sets. Usually the test driver also records and organizes the output generated as the tests are run.

b) A document that identifies test items and includes current status and location information.

c) A document describing any event during the testing process that requires investigation

d) A software item that is an object of testing.

Which of the following best describes validation

a. Determination of the correctness of the final program or software produced from a development project with respect to the user needs and requirements.

b. A document that describes testing activities and results and evaluates the corresponding test items

c. Test data that lie within the domain of the function represented by the program

d. All of the above

Which of the following best describes the difference between clear box and opaque box?

1) Clear box is structural testing , opaque box is functional testing

2) Clear box is done by tester, and opaque box is done by developer

3) Ad-hoc testing is a type of opaque box testing

a)1 only

b) 1 and 3

c)2

d) 3

The goal of software testing is to

a. Debug the system

b. Validate that the system behaves as expected

c. Let the developer know the defects injected by him

d. Execute the program with the intent of finding errors

Formal testing guidelines suggest which one of the following as the correct source of functional test cases?

a.       The developer's knowledge of what the software can do
b.      The software design
  c.       The software requirements
  d.      The tester's knowledge of what the software should do
e.       The functional test procedures

What is the concept of introducing a small change to the program and having the effects of that change show up in some test?

a. Desk checking

b. Debugging a program

c. A mutation error

d. Performance testing

e. Introducing mutations

Which type of testing is performed to test applications across different browsers and OS?

a. Static testing

b. Performance testing

c. Compatibility testing

d. Functional testing

Which document helps you to track test coverage?

a. Traceability Matrix

b. Test plan

c. Test log

d. Test summary report

Functional testing mostly employs

a. Validation techniques

b. Verification techniques

c. Both of the above

d. None of the above

Which of the following is not a type of test under phases in testing life cycle?

a. Integration test

b. Load test

c. User Acceptance test

d. Beta test

Verification performed without any executable code is referred to as

a. Review

b. Static testing

c. Validation

d. Sanity testing

Use of an executable model to represent the behavior of an object is called

a. Simulation

b. Software item

c. Software feature

d. None of the above

UAT is different from other testing types normally because of

a. Data

b. Cycles

c. Defects

d. None of the above

Alpha testing is differentiated from Beta testing by

a. The location where the tests are conducted.

b. The types of test conducted

c. The people doing the testing

d. The degree to which white box techniques are used

Defects are least costly to correct at what stage of the development cycle?

a. Requirements

b. Analysis & Design

c. Construction

d. Implementation

The purpose of software testing is to:

a. Demonstrate that the application works properly

b. Detect the defects

c. Validate the logical design

_________must be developed to describe when and how testing will occur.

a. Test Strategy

b. Test Plan

c. Test Design

d. High Level document

It is difficult to create test scenarios for high-level risks

True
False

__________ testing assumes that the path of logic in a unit or program is known.

a. Black Box testing

b. Performance Testing

c. White Box testing

d. Functional testing

_________ test is conducted at the developer's site by a customer.

a. Beta

b. System

c. Alpha

d. None of the above

Software testing activities should start

    a. As soon as the code is written
    b. during the design stage
    c. when the requirements have been formally documented
    d. as soon as possible in the development lifecycle

Decision to stop testing should be based upon

Successful use of specific test case design methodologies
A percentage of coverage for each coverage category
Rate of error detection falls below a specified threshold
All of the above

Testing where the system is subjected to large number of data, is

a) System Testing

b) Volume Testing

c) Statistical testing

d) Statement testing

Integration testing where no incremental testing takes place prior to all the system's components being combined to form the system. (Types of Testing)

System testing
Component Testing
Incremental Testing
Big bang testing

Recovery Testing aims at verifying the system's ability to recover from varying degrees of failure.

a) True

b) False

Which testing methods are used by end-users who actually test software before they use it?

Alpha & Beta Testing
White Box Testing
Black Box Testing
Trial & Error Testing

The testing attempts to violate those procedures, which should test the adequacy of the security procedures.

Disaster testing
Functional testing
Regression testing
Compliance testing

Testing error messages fall under ------- category of testing.

a) Incremental Testing

b) Thread Testing

c) Documentation Testing

d) Stress Testing

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What are the Basic Testing Concepts

2011-06-26T21:38:00.001-07:00

Some Basic Concepts on Testing

What is COTS?

a.    Commercial On-the-shelf software
b.   Commercial off-the-shelf software
c.   Common Offshore testing Software

Test coverage analysis is the process of

Creating additional test cases to increase coverage
Finding areas of program exercised by the test cases
Determining a quantitative measure of code coverage, which is a direct measure of quality.
All of the above.

Critical in Web Testing

Performance and Functionality
Functionality and usability
Usability and Performance
None of the above

Class testing

require a driver to test
no need of instances of other classes
no need to test the transitions
all of the above.

Testing across different languages is called

Linguistic Testing
Localization Testing
Both a and b
None of the above.

Hierarchical System

several levels of component that includes objects and classes
several levels of component that includes objects, classes, systems
several levels of component that includes, foundation components, systems
none of the above.

Hybrid Testing

combination of one or more testing techniques
Combination of top-down and bottom-up testing
Both a and b
None of the above.

White Box Testing

same as glass box testing
same as clear box testing
both a and b
none of the above.

Build Verification Test

same as smoke test
done after each build to make sure that the build doesn't contain major errors
both a and b
None of the above.

Content Testing

Similar to proof reading
Widely used in web testing
Part of usability Testing
All of the above

Decision Coverage.

testing the boolean expressions which are not in control structures
entire expression is considered as boolean expression irrespective of logical-and and logical-or operators
coverage except switch-statement cases, exception handlers
all of the above.

Branch Coverage

another name for decision coverage
another name for all-edges coverage
another name for basic path coverage
all the above

The following example is a

if (condition1 && (condition2 || function1()))

statement1;

else

statement2;

Decision coverage
Condition coverage
Statement coverage
Path Coverage

Desk Checking

same as code walkthrough
same as code inspection
verification of code by the developers
none of the above.

The benefits of glass box testing are

Focused Testing, Testing coverage, control flow
Data integrity, Internal boundaries, algorithm specific testing
Both a and b
Either a or b

Structural Testing

same as black box testing
same as white box testing
same as functional testing
none of the above.

Testing user documentation involves

Improved usability, reliability, maintainability
Installability, scalability, liability
Both a and b
None of the above.

Identify which one is an internal failure

Delaying tester's access to areas of the code
Replacement with updated product
Training programmers to make or miss fewer bugs
Testing by Tech. Support

Smoke Testing

Same as build verification test
To find that software is stable
None of the above
To find whether the hardware burns out

Code Walkthrough

a type of dynamic testing
type of static testing
neither dynamic nor static
performed by the testing team

Static Analysis

same as static testing
done by the developers
both a and b
none of the above

User Acceptance Testing

same as Alpha Testing
same as Beta Testing
combination of Alpha and Beta Testing
none of the above

Random Testing (K)
a. Program is tested randomly by sampling the input.

b. A black-box testing technique

c. Both a and b

d. None of the above.

What is Error seeding

Evaluates the thoroughness with which a computer program is tested by purposely inserting errors into a supposedly correct program.
Errors inserted by the developers intentionally to make the system malfunctioning.
Neither a or b
Both a and b

The post is continued at Basic Testing Concepts

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Ordered Test In VSTS

2011-06-13T19:14:00.000-07:00

What is an Ordered Test ?
When do we use an Ordered Test ?
How do we utilize Ordered Test feature of Test Projects in VSTS ?

Let us first look into the following slides as to how do we add an Ordered test in a Test Project in VSTS .

This last screenshot is the Solution Explorer View of the Test Project we have created comprising of two CodedUi Class files and one Ordered Test file.

Our aim now restricts to just the execution of this very ordered test file as all the methods present in the Class files of the CodedUi class files have been integrated within this very ordered test file.

Its this way that we can give an overnight execution of the scripts and hope the site remains up and the script logs all the execution states in a separate log file which I have discussed a couple of post back linked Here.

Add Objects In uimap.uitest file in the CodedUi Control map file

2011-06-03T19:27:00.000-07:00

How to add objects in the uimap.uitest that is the CodedUi Control map file ?
Do you actually know how the automation testing proceeds in a tool. It is very simple, we store the object's properties in some repository files and as and when we need to do some operation on those objects we identify those objects using some logical names that we might choose on our own and then call specific events such as click events to do the required operation.

For example we might have a sign out link available in the website and our sole aim is to click the sign out link.

The way we can proceed is two:
1. It is simple record and playback approach and parameterise any data that has been making the sign out link dependent on the logged in user.
2. Just add the respective object in the repository file in coded ui testing it is the uimap file. Then call the mouse.click event on that particular object that is sign out object.

Now suppose the added object is sign out link we will be having below outlined methodology.
Declare the object with its particular hierarchy order and then call mouse.click event.

HtmlControl uiSignOutLink = this.UIMap.HierarchyWindow.HierarchyFrame.uiSgnOutlink;
Mouse.click(uiSignOutLink , new POint(0,0));

The above method signifies the syntax associated with the Mouse.click event.
The first parameter it takes is an object as has been declared in a line above and the second paramater it takes is a sort of syntax that needs to be cared for , do remain informed that the co-ordinates are no way deciding the object recognition, so it is immaterial whetehre we keep co-ordinates as 0,0 or some other as 56,67.

In the below screenshots, I have outlined some of the process to be followed to get the particular object added into the Uimap file that is the object repository file of the CodeduiTest project.

In the below sequence we will add an object using uitest control of the recording window.

Planning to add the tag of the blog : "Automation Testing On Share" into the uitest control map file .
So what I have just done is drag the cross hair which we use for inserting assertion points onto the psecific object by highlighting it as is shown below .

Now just open up the closed arrow sequence to get the object hierarchy established and understood by us and also find the options of adding the object into the Test Project's specific control map file.We can see the Add object button which we need to click and the object that has been in ticked status will be hence added to our control map file.

We can then find the message at the bottom that the object has been added successfully into the uimap file.

So guys whatever we have done till now has been in the IDE's buffer only, we need to store it into the uimap file and hence need to generate code for the object's addition into the uimap file for all our future access of the objects and perform relevant operations on the same. Hence we are needed to click Generate Code button.

The code is being generated now.

Okay so this is how we have learnt to add objects onto our object repository in the VSTS CodedUi Test Project automation tetsing.
I know this might just seem to be a bit complex in intial phase but once you can catch onto what has been outlined above, the usage can be really awesome and the code rework that we generally do in our automation script run during the regression suite execution can be made very easy.

A $25 tool has so much in offering I never could have thought of but the way this tool's utilisation has been encashed upon by us in our team, I think the day is not far off , when the VSTS Test Projects might just be the most sought after automation tool in the industry .

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Code Customization In VSTS CodedUi Testing

2011-06-02T22:27:00.001-07:00

How to do custom clicking in any particular checkbox in a web table based on specific field value within the one row in the complete table.

Before explaining or walking through the solution statement, I would prefer to explain to you the business scenario we often come across in our day to day automation testing experience during the course of functional testing automation.

Problem Statement:

We have a Table and within table a certain number of rows having certain number of columns. Suppose 5 rows and 3 columns. The first column has an html control in it of type Checkbox, Second column is having a particular field name, suppose product name in it and the third column is having the quantity of the item that has to be purchased. We have to check that particular row’s checkbox which has a particular product name in its product name column field.

Solution Approach:

We can break the problem statement into Five solution components –

1. Fetch the row count in that particular table.

2. Figure out the relation between the control id of the checkbox on the row number within the table.

3. Fetch the row number in the table that has the corresponding Product name in the second column.

4. Get the control id of the corresponding Checkbox generated based on Step 2 relationship establishment

5. Set the checked status of the checkbox to True.

Before going through the codes below don ot forget to add the required objects by the below method by using the Add objects to the Ui Control map feature of the UITest Recording menu.

public void CodedUITestMethodCustomization()

{

// To generate code for this test, select "Generate Code for Coded UI Test" from the shortcut menu and select one of the menu items.

#region Variable Declaration

HtmlControl uiTable = this.UIMap.HierarchyWindow.HierarchyFrame.HierarchyTable;

HtmlCell uiTablecell = this.UIMap.HierarchyWindow.HierarchyFrame. HierarchyTable.uiTableCell;

string strProdTobDel= "Groceries";

string str1;

HtmlCheckBox chkbox = this.UIMap.HierarchyWindow.HierarchyFrame.uiTableCell CheckBox;

// To convert str1 into integer and then increment by one for checkbox recognition as inthis application the checkbox number is one more than the product control id‘s number

int intstr1;

string strCheckBoxId;

#endregion

#region Get the rowcounts of the table

string RowCount = uiTable.GetProperty(HtmlTable.PropertyNames.RowCount).ToString();

MessageBox.Show(RowCount);

#endregion

#region Search for the Row and store in str1 having the Product to be deleted

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.Id);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.Name);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.MaxDepth);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.ControlDefinition);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.RowIndex);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.ColumnIndex);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.TagInstance);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.Class);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.InnerText);

uiTableCell.SearchProperties[HtmlCell.PropertyNames.InnerText] = strProdTobDel;

str1 = uiTableCell.GetProperty(HtmlCell.PropertyNames.RowIndex).ToString();

MessageBox.Show(str1);

#endregion

#region Click Corresponding Checkbox To The User That Is Fetched From Datasheet

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.Name);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.LabeledBy);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.Title);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.Class);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.ControlDefinition);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.TagInstance);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties.Remove(HtmlCheckBox.PropertyNames.Value);

// Increment str by one due to bad coding discipline and resulting mismatch in column and row increments

intstr1 = Convert.ToInt16(str1);

intstr1 = intstr1 + 1;

strCheckBoxId = "ctl00_ContentMain_grdCreateCustRepoUsersModerator_ctl0" + intstr1 + "_chkUser";

MessageBox.Show(strCheckBoxId);

strCheckBoxId.SearchProperties[HtmlCell.PropertyNames.Id] = strCheckBoxId;

strCheckBoxId.Checked = true;

#endregion

}

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Common SQL Queries Interview Questions 1 :

2011-05-22T23:34:00.001-07:00

Common SQL Queries Interview Questions :

What is the system function to get the current user's details such as userid etc. ?
USER

USER_ID

USER_NAME
CURRENT_USER

SUSER_SID

HOST_NAME

SYSTEM_USER

SESSION_USER

What is Stored Procedure?

A stored procedure is a named group of SQL statements that have been previously created and stored in the server database. Stored procedures accept input parameters so that a single procedure can be used over the network by several clients using different input data. And when the procedure is modified, all clients automatically get the new version. Stored procedures reduce network traffic and improve performance. Stored procedures can be used to help ensure the integrity of the database.

What is an extended stored procedure? Can you instantiate a COM object by using T-SQL?

An extended stored procedure is a function within a DLL (written in a programming language like C, C++ using Open Data Services (ODS) API) that can be called from T-SQL, just the way we call normal stored procedures using the EXEC statement. See books online to learn how to create extended stored procedures and how to add them to SQL Server. You can instantiate a COM (written in languages like VB, VC++) object from T-SQL by using sp_OACreate stored procedure.

What is Trigger?

A trigger is a SQL procedure that initiates an action when an event (INSERT, DELETE or UPDATE) occurs. Triggers are stored in and managed by the DBMS. Triggers are used to maintain the referential integrity of data by changing the data in a systematic fashion. A trigger cannot be called or executed; DBMS automatically fires the trigger as a result of a data modification to the associated table. Triggers can be viewed as similar to stored procedures in that both consist of procedural logic that is stored at the database level. Stored procedures, however, are not event-drive and are not attached to a specific table as triggers are. Stored procedures are explicitly executed by invoking a CALL to the procedure while triggers are implicitly executed. In addition, triggers can also execute stored procedures.

What is Nested Trigger?

A trigger can also contain INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE logic within itself, so when the trigger is fired because of data modification it can also cause another data modification, thereby firing another trigger. A trigger that contains data modification logic within itself is called a nested trigger.

What is a Linked Server?

Linked Servers is a concept in SQL Server by which we can add other SQL Server to a Group and query both the SQL Server databases using T-SQL Statements. With a linked server, you can create very clean, easy to follow, SQL statements that allow remote data to be retrieved, joined and combined with local data. Stored Procedure SP_AddLinkedServer, SP_AddLinkedSerevrLogin will be used add new Linked Server.

What is Cursor?

Cursor is a database object used by applications to manipulate data in a set on a row-by- row basis, instead of the typical SQL commands that operate on all the rows in the set at one time.
In order to work with a cursor we need to perform some steps in the following order:

Declare cursor
Open cursor
Fetch row from the cursor
Process fetched row
Close cursor
Deallocate cursor

What is sub-query? Explain properties of sub-query?

Sub-queries are often referred to as sub-selects, as they allow a SELECT statement to be executed arbitrarily within the body of another SQL statement. A sub-query is executed by enclosing it in a set of parentheses. Sub-queries are generally used to return a single row as an atomic value, though they may be used to compare values against multiple rows with the IN keyword.
A sub-query is a SELECT statement that is nested within another T-SQL statement. A sub-query SELECT statement if executed independently of the T-SQL statement, in which it is nested, will return a result-set. Meaning a sub-query SELECT statement can standalone and is not depended on the statement in which it is nested. A sub-query SELECT statement can return any number of values, and can be found in, the column list of a SELECT statement, a FROM, GROUP BY, HAVING, and/or ORDER BY clauses of a T-SQL statement. A Sub-query can also be used as a parameter to a function call. Basically a sub-query can be used anywhere an expression can be used.

What are different Types of Join?

Cross Join A cross join that does not have a WHERE clause produces the Cartesian product of the tables involved in the join. The size of a Cartesian product result set is the number of rows in the first table multiplied by the number of rows in the second table. The common example is when company wants to combine each product with a pricing table to analyze each product at each price.
Inner Join A join that displays only the rows that have a match in both joined tables is known as inner Join. This is the default type of join in the Query and View Designer.
Outer Join A join that includes rows even if they do not have related rows in the joined table is an Outer Join. You can create three different outer join to specify the unmatched rows to be included:

Left Outer Join: In Left Outer Join all rows in the first-named table i.e. "left" table, which appears leftmost in the JOIN clause are included. Unmatched rows in the right table do not appear.
Right Outer Join: In Right Outer Join all rows in the second-named table i.e. "right" table, which appears rightmost in the JOIN clause are included. Unmatched rows in the left table are not included.
Full Outer Join: In Full Outer Join all rows in all joined tables are included, whether they are matched or not.

Self Join This is a particular case when one table joins to itself, with one or two aliases to avoid confusion. A self join can be of any type, as long as the joined tables are the same. A self join is rather unique in that it involves a relationship with only one table. The common example is when company has a hierarchal reporting structure whereby one member of staff reports to another. Self Join can be Outer Join or Inner Join.

What is User Defined Functions? What kind of User-Defined Functions can be created?

User-Defined Functions allow defining its own T-SQL functions that can accept 0 or more parameters and return a single scalar data value or a table data type.
Different Kinds of User-Defined Functions created are:

Scalar User-Defined Function A Scalar user-defined function returns one of the scalar data types. Text, ntext, image and timestamp data types are not supported. These are the type of user-defined functions that most developers are used to in other programming languages. You pass in 0 to many parameters and you get a return value.
Inline Table-Value User-Defined Function An Inline Table-Value user-defined function returns a table data type and is an exceptional alternative to a view as the user-defined function can pass parameters into a T-SQL select command and in essence provide us with a parameterized, non-updateable view of the underlying tables.
Multi-statement Table-Value User-Defined Function A Multi-Statement Table-Value user-defined function returns a table and is also an exceptional alternative to a view as the function can support multiple T-SQL statements to build the final result where the view is limited to a single SELECT statement. Also, the ability to pass parameters into a TSQL select command or a group of them gives us the capability to in essence create a parameterized, non-updateable view of the data in the underlying tables. Within the create function command you must define the table structure that is being returned. After creating this type of user-defined function, It can be used in the FROM clause of a T-SQL command unlike the behavior found when using a stored procedure which can also return record sets.

What is Identity?

Identity (or AutoNumber) is a column that automatically generates numeric values. A start and increment value can be set, but most DBA leave these at 1. A GUID column also generates numbers; the value of this cannot be controlled. Identity/GUID columns do not need to be indexed.

What is Data-Warehousing?

Subject-oriented, meaning that the data in the database is organized so that all the data elements relating to the same real-world event or object are linked together;
Time-variant, meaning that the changes to the data in the database are tracked and recorded so that reports can be produced showing changes over time;
Non-volatile, meaning that data in the database is never over-written or deleted, once committed, the data is static, read-only, but retained for future reporting.
Integrated, meaning that the database contains data from most or all of an organization's operational applications, and that this data is made consistent.

How do you implement one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many relationships while designing tables?

One-to-One relationship can be implemented as a single table and rarely as two tables with primary and foreign key relationships. One-to-Many relationships are implemented by splitting the data into two tables with primary key and foreign key relationships. Many-to-Many relationships are implemented using a junction table with the keys from both the tables forming the composite primary key of the junction table.

What are the different isolation levels ?

An isolation level determines the degree of isolation of data between concurrent transactions. The default SQL Server isolation level is Read Committed. Here are the other isolation levels (in the ascending order of isolation): Read Uncommitted, Read Committed, Repeatable Read, Serializable.

What would happen if you create an index on each column of a table ?

If you create an index on each column of a table, it improves the query performance, as the query optimizer tool of the Database engine can choose from all the existing indexes to come up with an efficient execution plan. At the same time, data modification operations (such as INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) will become slow, as every time data changes in the table, all the indexes need to be updated. Another disadvantage is that, indexes need disk space, the more indexes you have, more disk space is used.

What is Lock escalation?

Lock escalation is the process of converting many fine-grain locks into fewer coarse-grain locks, reducing system overhead. When a transaction exceeds its escalation threshold, automatic escalation of row locks and page locks into table locks happens.

When a transaction requests rows from a table, SQL Server automatically acquires locks on those rows affected and places higher-level intent locks on the pages and table, or index, which contain those rows. When the number of locks held by the transaction exceeds its threshold, a stronger lock is acquired, and all page and row level locks held by the transaction on the table are released, reducing lock overhead.
Lock escalation thresholds are determined dynamically by SQL Server and do not require configuration.

What is a live lock?

A live lock is one, where a request for an exclusive lock is repeatedly denied because a series of overlapping shared locks keeps interfering. SQL Server detects the situation after four denials and refuses further shared locks. A live lock also occurs when read transactions monopolize a table or page, forcing a write transaction to wait indefinitely.

What is blocking and how would you troubleshoot it?

Blocking happens when one connection from an application holds a lock and a second connection requires a conflicting lock type. This forces the second connection to wait, blocked on the first.

Browse for more Database Testing Related Posts 

Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 1



Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 2



Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 3

Common Sql Queries Interview Questions 4

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Why VSTS For Automation Testing

2011-05-15T08:13:00.000-07:00

Automation Testing ?
There has been a fast pace growth in the market capitalization of the VSTS tool for various Testing requirements at the various. It Service as well as Product based organisation. It has been not just the ability to market its products well by the Microsoft on this occasion but also the high quality packaged product that has been in the shipping container named as VSTS 2010 i:e Visual Studio 2010.

People for long in the IT industry has been using several stand alone tools for activities related to software development. In the fast paced environment that IT industry projects today, VSTS has definitely been an intelligent product and also the most competitive one.

Looking into the tools abilities we can keep exploring it for long long timelines, but some features that have made it a unique one is the Testing management at a single platform that has been offered in its integrated environment that brings all the various teams of Industrial development activities at one place and always in synch.

Primarily a current day Software Development comprises of three teams, namely Requirement Team, Development Team, and the Quality Assurance Team. In the old scenario we had all these three teams in a geographically separated environment as well as there was no tool to keep them in synch. This is the right tool that has been able to bring all of them together and the Dashboard feature provides the complete status automatically with various Project related metrics getting reflected.

Earlier versions of Visual studio had lots of features and we were definitely on the expectation that something had to be incorporated with the Testing features coming up in future releases. This is definitely a well laid out feature with both the Manual as well as Automation Testing having been uniquely cared for on this occasion, VSTS will be able to bring all the three stakeholder groups on a synchronized platform of TFS with VSTS IDE being the client environment.

Regarding the cost effectiveness we have just $25 tool in for the complete products requirement management to its development as well as testing on a single platform. We run no more the synch issues of multiple teams due to the TFS availability. We no more need separate bunch of tools such as QTP, QC, Excel to manage just the testing requirements. Now its all availed at just throwaway price of $25, and I guess you know what QTP, QC is charged at. Automation Testing had never been that cheap!

Though we have shortcoming such as Add Ons unavailability but with slowly market getting acclimatized to this new low price tool, we are always going to benefit as business would flourish at the optimized cost now. So happy testing !!!

We can keep talking of the various integrated features but the best process is to explore the tool using its most advanced version The VSTS Ultimate.