Anatomy

Blood pressure

2015-09-30T01:35:00.001-07:00

Blood pressure chart by age as given

Ideal body : weight ratio

2015-09-30T01:33:00.001-07:00

Body : weight ratio

Anatomy of broken face in middle

2015-03-21T21:15:00.001-07:00

Anatomy of broken face in RTA with severe trauma to middle third of the face ......

Lateral or Medial , Spleen Dimensions , Location of thoracic duct

2011-07-18T22:34:00.000-07:00

Look at how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of 'Lateral' or 'Medial' ":

"La": your jaw is now opened, so Lateral opens mouth.
"Me": your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mandible.

Spleen Dimensions

For spleen, remember 1,3,5,7,9,11
It measures 1x3x5 inches, weighs 7 ounces and lies between ribs 9-11

Location of thoracic duct

The duck between two gooses.
duck = thoracic duct,
2 gooses = azyGOUS and oesophaGOUS

branches of Subclavian Artery , for muscles of mastication

2011-07-13T21:29:00.000-07:00

branches of Subclavian Artery :

1.vertebral V
2.int.thoracic I
3.thyrocervical trunk T
4.Costoervical trunk c
5.Dorsal scapular d
;VIT C,D (Remember:vitamin C,D)
the thyrocervical divides into 3 br.Inf thyroid,Suprascapular and Trv. cervical IST (indian standard time)

the costocervical into 2 brnches:sup. intercoastal and deep cervial A. (SiD)

for muscles of mastication

More Tea Less Milk-
masseter,Temporalis,Lateral pterygoid,medial pterygoid

Look at how your jaw ends up when saying first syllable of 'Lateral' or 'Medial' ":
"La": your jaw is now opened, so Lateral opens mouth.
"Me": your jaw is still closed, so medial closes the mandible.

opthalmic art

2011-07-08T00:05:00.000-07:00

structures 25 cms in length - UR ODD at 25

UReter
Oesophagus
Duodenum
Descending colon

Branches frm main trunk of opthalmic art - MD is PESt

Medial palpabral
Dorsal nasal
Post ciliary artries
Ethmoidal branches ant n post
Supra orbital n supra trochlear artrz

Again opthalmic art!!!!!!!!!!!

branch before dura:Central art of retina
Branch after dura:Lacrimal art
can b learnd in this way.
Before date:C u
After date: Luv u ;)

Scalp , Branches of Facial nerve in parotid gland , structures 45 cm length in our body

2011-07-05T22:09:00.000-07:00

Scalp ...nerve supply GLASS

Greater occipital
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supra trochlear
Supra orbital

Branches of Facial nerve in parotid gland.

Two Zebras Bit My Cat
T-temporal nerve
Z-Zygomatic nerve
B-Buccal nerve
M-Mandibular nerve
C-Cervical nerve

structures 45 cm length in our body - FAST at 45
Femur
Aorta
Spinal cord
Thoracic duct

Two tricks to remember 12 cranial nerves

2011-06-17T08:47:00.000-07:00

First trick to remember 12 cranial nerves

On Occassion Of Party The All Faces Are Girl Visitors Showing Hands

1 O Olfactory

2 O Optic

3 O Occulamotor

4 P Pathetic

5 T Trigeminal

6 A Abducence

7 F Facial

8 A Auditory

9 G Glossopharyngeal

10 V Vagus

11 S Spinal Accessory

12 H Hypoglossal

Second trick to remember 12 cranial nerves

2

Sometimes it is easier to recite a story in which a list of terms is embedded rather than memorize a list. For years, med students have been struggling to come up with a way of remembering the 12 cranial nerves, and I think this short story by Gordon Bower does the trick well.
"At the OIL FACTORY, the OPTICIAN looked for the OCCUPANT of the TRUCK. He was searching because 3 GEMS had been ABDUCTED by a man who was hiding his FACE and EARS. A GLOSSY PHOTOGRAPH has been taken of him, but it was too VAGUE to use. He appeared to be SPINELESS and HYPOCRITICAL."
Got them yet? In order, the oil factory is the olfactory nerve; the optician is the optical nerve; the occupant is the occulomotor nerve; the truck represents the trochlear nerve; the 3 gems are the trigeminal nerve; abducted is really the abducens; face is facial; ears really means auditory; glossy photograph is glosso-pharyngeal; spineless relates to the spinal accessory nerve; and hypocritical is the hypoglossal nerve

Facial N

2011-06-15T00:03:00.000-07:00

Facial nerve VII th nerve

IT is attached to brain srtem by two roots

sensory and motor…

the motor is also called nervus intermedius…
‘it is attached to lateral to lower border of pons medial to eight nerve…
It passes laterally and reache the external meatus..

In MEATUS
In meatus the motor root lies in groove on 8th nerve with the sensory nerve intervening….
Here it is being accompanied by labyrinth vessesls

AT BOTTOM OF FUNDUS
At fundus of fundus the two roots join together to forma trunk and the trunk lies in d petrous temporal bone…

WITHIN CANAL
IT COURSE CAN BE DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS
1 PARTS LIES ANTERIOR TO vestibule
2ND PART LIES medial to the middle ear above the promontory
3rd part is vertical
First bent lies at the junction of 1st nad 2nd part
It lies anterosuperior part of promontory called genu
2nd bent is gradual and lies b/w aditus to mastoid antrum and promontory
FCIAL NERVE LEAVE THE SKULL Y PASSING THROUGH STYLOMASTOID FORAM4N

EXTRACRANIAL COURSE
IN extracranial course it passes lateral to base f styloid process lies posteromedial wall of parotid gland crossing retromandibular vein and external carotid artery reaches behind neck of mandible ( 5 branches)

DIVISION
WITHIN CANAL
1. GREATER PETROSAL
2. CHORDA TYMPHANI
3. NERVE TO STAPEDIUS

NERVE TO STAPEDIUS ARISES OPPOSITE TO PYRAMID OF MIDDLE EAR
The muscle damp excessive vibration

CHORDA TYMPANI it arises 6mm above the stylomastoid foramen…
Enter the medial ear through petro tymphnic fissure reaches infratemporal fossa joins lingual nerve…

Supply
Submandibular gland
Anterior 2/3 of tongue…

temporal
Auricularis anterior
Auricularis superior
Frontalis
Orbicularis occuli
Corrugator supercillia

Zygomatic
Supply
Orbicularis occuli

Buccal two in no…
One above the parotid gland and second below

Marginal mandibular
Below angle of mandible supply muscles of chin and lower lip

Cervical
Platysma

Other branches
Post auricular
Digastric
Stylohyoid

2011-06-14T05:36:00.000-07:00

occulomotor nerve

OCCULOMOTOR NUCLEUS

SITUATED IN VENTROMEDIAL PART OF GREY MATTER OF MIDBRAIN AT LEVEL OF SUPERIOR COLLICULUS

CILIARIS AND CONSRICTRICTOR PUPILLAE ARISES FROM EDINGER WESTPAL NUCLEUS VENTOMEDIALLY IT IS LOCATED TO MEDIAN LONGITUDINAL BUNDLE

COURSE

1. INTRANEURAL COURSE
IN INTRANEURAL COURSE FIBRES PASSESES THROUGH RED NUCLEUS SUBSTANTIA NIGRA TEGMENTUM ( R, S,T )

2. AT THE BASE OF SKULL FIBRES ARE ATTTACHED TO MEDIAL SIDE OF CRUS CREBRI

3. THE NERVE PASSES THROUGH SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR AND POST CEREBRAL ( LAST TWO BRANCHES OF BASILAR) THROUGH INTERPEDUNCULAR CISTERN REACHES LATERAL SIDE OF POST COMMUNICATING AND REACHES CAVERNOUS SINUS

IT ENTER CAVERNOUS SINUS THROUGH POST PART OF LATERAL OF ROOF OF CLINIOD PROCESS..
IT DESCEND TO LATERAL SIDE OF CAVERNOUS SINUS LIES ABOVE TROCHLEAR N..

IT DIVIDE INTO UPPER AND LOWER DIVISION

THESE DIVISION ENTER MIDDLE OF SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE AND NASOCILLARY NERVE LIES IN B/W DIVISION AND ABDUCENT NERVE LIES INFEROLATERAL TO IT..

THE SMALLER LONGER DIVISION ENTER SUPPLY SUPERIOR RECTUS AND L.P.S

THE LONGER AND SMALLER DIVISION ENTER MIDDL RECTUS, INFERIOR OBLIQUE AND INFERIOR RECTUS…

CLINICAL ANATOMY

LATERAL SQUINT
DROOPING OF EYELID
PROPTOSIS
DILATION OF PUPI;L

cranial Nerves mnemonics II

2011-06-09T21:40:00.000-07:00

==Layers of cerebellar cortex:
MPG -"miles per gallon"-----molecular ----purkinje-----granular

==TRIGEMINAL GANGLION

1. SENSORY GANGLION
2. HOMOLOGOUS TO DORSAL ROOT OF SPINAL NERVE
3. PSEUDOUNIPOLAR GANGLION
4. T SHAPED ARRANGEMENT
CELL BODY -------≤ DIVIDING INTO CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL PROCESS

NERVE SUPPLY
LR LATERAL RECTUS 6 th nerve
REMEMBER LR6
AND SO4
SUPERIOR OBLIQUE 4 NERVE

REST SUPPLIED BY OCCULUMOTOR NERVE….
REMEMBER LPS SUPPLIED BY 3RD NERVEOCCLUMOTOR)

EROSUPERIOR TO OPTIC CANAL AND ORIGIN OF SUPERIOR RECTUS)

On Occassion Of Party The All Faces Are Girl Visitors Showing Hands

1 O Olfactory

2 O Optic

3 O Occulamotor

4 P Pathetic

5 T Trigeminal

6 A Abducence

7 F Facial

8 A Auditory

9 G Glossopharyngeal

10 V Vagus

11 S Spinal Accessory

12 H Hypoglossal

cranial Nerves mnemonics

2011-06-09T04:08:00.000-07:00

==Scalp ...nerve supply GLASS
Greater occipital
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supra trochlear
Supra orbital

==Branches of Facial nerve in parotid gland.
Two Zebras Bit My Cat
T-temporal nerve
Z-Zygomatic nerve
B-Buccal nerve
M-Mandibular nerve==Structures that pass through the supraorbital fissure
Luscious French Tarts Sit Naked In Anticipation Of Sex
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlea nerve
Superior branch of Oculomotor nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior branch of Oculomotor nerve
Abducent nerve
Ophthalmic veins
Sympathetic nerves

C-Cervical nerve

==Facial nerve branches "Tall Zulus Bear Many Children":
· From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch

==Trigeminal Nerve, where branches exit skull :::Standing Room Only
Superior orbital fissure is V1
foramen Rotundum is V2
foramen Ovale is V3

Cranial Nerves 6

2011-05-30T21:50:00.001-07:00

35 Tongue muscles are suppiled by ………

A Facial N

B Hypoglossal N

C Spinal Accessory N

D Vagus N

Ans . B Hypoglossal N

36 Branchiomotor nerve/ s are ,………….:

A V, VII, IX, X (XI)

B I II III IV

C XII

D VII XII

Ans. A V, VII, IX, X (XI)

37 Cranial nerve supply of Muscles of mastication…..

A Maxillary N

B Mandibular N

C Opthalmic N

D None

Ans . B Mandibular N

38 Muscles of facial expression are suppiled by …..

A V

B VII

C IV

D VIII

Ans. B VII

39 Stylopharyngeus is suppiled by………..

A X

B XI

C IX

D XIII

Ans. C IX

40 Pharyngeal muscles are supplied by ……

C Pharyngeal branches of X

Ans. C Pharyngeal branches of X

41 Laryngeal muscles are supplied by

Ans . Recurrent laryngeal of X

Cranial Nerves 5

2011-05-25T22:31:00.001-07:00

26 Which the only cranial nerve is associated with only a parasympathetic ganglion?

A III

B IV

C II

D V

Ans, A III

27 Which is the only cranial nerve is associated with only sensory ganglia?

A VII

B VIII

C IX

D X

Ans. B VIII

28 Which are the Three cranial nerves are associated with parasympathetic and sensory both types of ganglion?
Ans. V, VII, IX.

29 Which nerve s associated with both types of ganglia but its
parasympathetic fibres synapse in autonomic ganglia of the thorax
and abdomen, not in any parasympathetic ganglia of the head?

A X

B IX

C XI

D XII

Ans. A X

30 Which cranial nerves arise near the
midline?

ANS . III, XII

31 Which nerves with visceral components arise laterally?

Ans . V, VII, IX, X

32 Which of the following the entirely sensory cranial nerve arise most lateral of all?

Ans. VIII

33 Motor fibres supplying voluntary muscles are found in all cranial
nerves except …………

Ans. I, II and VIII

34 Which alll cranial nerves are somatic motor ….

Ans. III, IV, VI, XII

Cranial Nerves 4

2011-05-25T03:57:00.001-07:00

20 Which all
nerves arise from the pontomedullary junction?

A VI

B VII

C VII

D All

Ans . D All

21 VII and VIII arise from …….

Ans. laterally in the cerebellopontine angle.

22 The glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X) and accessory (XI) nerves
arise from………….

Ans. Pons

23 The hypoglossal (XII) nerve also arises from the………..

Ans. Pons

24 Which Nerves are emerging from lateral side of the brain…….

Ans . V, VII, IX

25 Which nerves are attached close to the midline ……

Ans. III, IV, VI, XII

Cranial Nerves 3

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13 Which cranial nerve passes through Hindbrain
Pons, lateral aspect

A IV

B V

C VI

D VII

Ans . B V

14 Which cranial nerve emerges from Pontomedullary junction
Near midline and comes out from Superior orbital fissure (sphenoid)

A IV

B V

C VI

D VII

Anc . C VI

15 Which nerve emerges from Cerebellopontine angle and courses through Internal acoustic meatus, facial canal,
stylomastoid foramen (temporal)?

A IV

B V

C VI

D VII

Anc . D VII

16 Which nerve emerges from Cerebellopontine angle and comes out from the Internal acoustic meatus (temporal)

A VI

B VII

C VIII

D IX

Ans. C VIII

17 Which cranial nerve Rootlets between pyramid and olive and emerge from Hypoglossal canal (occipital)

A X

B XI

C XII

D IX

Ans C XII

18 Which is the only cranial nerve to arise from
the dorsal aspect of the brain stem; it arises just below the inferior
colliculus.

Ans. Trochlear (IV)

19 Which nerve arises from the lateral aspect of the
mid pons.

Ans. Trigeminal N (V)

Cranial Nerves

2011-05-23T02:14:00.001-07:00

6 Cranial nerves arising from the midbrain:

A I II

B II III

C III IV

D IV V

Ans. C - III IV

7 The oculomotor nerve (III) arises from the

Ans . Interpeduncular fossa

8 The optic nerve (II) is an outgrowth of the -----------------------

Ans . Diencephelon

9 Which cranial nerve emerges from Forebrain
Telencephalon: limbic system and comes out from
Cribriform plate (ethmoid)

A I

B II

C III

D IV

Ans. I (Olfactory)

10 Which cranial nerve emerges from
Diencephalon: lateral geniculate body and comes out of Optic canal (sphenoid)

A I

B II

C III

D IV

Ans. II

11 Which cranial nerve passes through Midbrain
Upper ventral, interpeduncular fossa and comes out from Superior orbital fissure (sphenoid)

A I

B II

C III

D IV

Ans . C III

12 Which cranial nerve passes through
Lower midbrain, dorsal, below inferior colliculi and comes out from Superior orbital fissure (sphenoid)

A I

B II

C III

D IV

Ans. IV

Cranial Nerves

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1 Cranial nerves arise from the brain as ----------pairs

A 11

B 12

C 13

D 10

Ans. 12

2 They are brain outgrowths

A Ist cranial nerve

B IInd cranial nerve

C Both

D None

Ans. Both

3 Attached to the cerebral hemispheres

A Ist cranial nerve

B IInd cranial nerve

C Both

D None

Ans. Both

4 The olfactory nerve (I) is attached to the under surface of the

A Fontal

B Parietal

C Temporal

D Occipital

Ans. A

5 The optic nerve (II) is attached to structures in the wall and floor of the ---------- ventricle

A I

B II

C III

D IV

Ans III